THE WAR IN VIETNAM

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP66B00403R000200150002-0
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 34
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 3, 2006
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: July 9, 1964
• Content Type: OPEN

2006A37/ +Rb_P66B00403RD00200160002-0
GRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENA
leaving the par n rslilp and going to i:mblin harder, so was its opportunity the greater in Then he larVel; wrote the Selective Service
15659
' to ive, wu1hTs. farm y, a life devoted to the awakening, at the very least, some members
jobs that helcrieVinTeded urgently to be done, of the legal profession, educators and editors
, The pr-oi-ifiay-rint hriVeWoli-Ofit all at once, of newspapers and magazines to the incre,as-
, Mit ni:latet.yeara trey:did-indeed carry the ing assaults on the liberties of the individual
citizen. It can only be regretted that this
The rash or so-called lo,yrilty statutes of noble undertaking did not continue straight
the 1930's, caIfing for, among other things, through the years. Nearly a quarter century
special ' oaths or schoolteachers, awakened later the
. Review's files are a collection of
GreriVille, Clark to a new internal danger?many. of the finest editorials and articles ever
the sUbirerSion-of 'onr- hlatoric freedoms un- written and published on American free-
der the till Of Itighti'la- -Ofteti-sinCere but doms.
misguided superpafrio s in legislative bcidies, Even before it could issue volume 1, No. 1
local, State, aiid NatiOnal: -tbnvinced that of the Bill of Rights Review, the committee
lawyers -generallrand Ilie AMeilean Liar AS- went into action as friends of the court?in
spelation in particular should be 'vigilant in two eminent civil liberties cases. First it
theprotection of individual liberties, he pro- strongly opposed Mayor Frank Hague in his
,p6Sed the creation of a bar cominiftee at the arbitrary and unconstitutional deportation
. national level to guard the-Bill of Rights of Norman Thomas, from Jersey City, where
from trespasses of all -kinds.
Ha did this in the Socialist leader was prevented from ad-
an
address to. the Nassau County (.17,)- Bak- - dressing a public meeting. In the Hague
ASOCiatien. on Inne II; 1038.- ' ' ' ? ` - case th,e committee was resoundingly on the
?Arthhr 7...1V-anderblit, thenyiesidenf of the' w? inning side. Then, after a year of study
American Bar- Association, read' the account of the compulsory flag salue issue, the corn-
0f the address in the New York- Tlines. - At-
_nnee 'he-telephoned the sneaker and told himmittee filed a brief, prepared by Clark and
Chafee, in opposition to the claims of the
that this J.ded-of a bar oorinnittee charged miners/due (pa.) School District that it
With continuOris concern' aboutAmerican could., first, compel children to salute the
freedoms and 'itght-S' had na'allir6d to both Of ' flag as a condition to staying in school, and,
' them independently. 'IrAiiirethfrt,--*116-*Ss second, that if pupils did not join in the
sdoO to, leave the American tlar-Ifisociatron- compulsory flag salute the school board had
presidency, arranged -a ineeting-fer himself the authority to suspend them. ,
'dark with the incomg president, Two children in the school, Lillian Gobitis,
P:!..,i0ir, 3 , flogan, who agreed to'sueli a both= aged 12, and her brother, William, aged 10,
, inIttee . of 14 With Clark as its Chairman. - refused to take part in the daily salute.
- ?I-4T1 Accepted on the condition thAt he he ' T? heir parents taught them that according
,allowedito seleat member who believed with to their religion (Jehovah's Witnesses) to
' . him In .the misSionWthe` &Midi-tee. -Clark : salute the flag was to "bow down before a
. ChOse all the members -e_iieentinie,-W-11-o 'Wad -.graven image." The committee's brief ar-
rec9tAmelVeti-hY rifogah? ' '1I'Mt-bIliiie-e-ieel3" gued that to insist on the flag salute in
tloA -WAS hilt '0,j tune with the -ehhhhittee's these circumstances amounted to an un-
pfirneSes_ and opposed its indariMPertant
early decisions. rut, on the Whole, it was -a
constitutional infringement of religious lib-
erty. Here the committee, in June 1940, lost
' remarkably unified committee of ontstand- 8 to..1?temporarily. The majority opinion
, Mg: lawyers from over the Nation, including, written by classmate Frankfurter, then a
In , addition. to Clark's classrnata, Leniann ' new Justice, was soon seriously weakened in
such a?tarich ,sUpporterS- -6-f . aiVirlihert?i the 540-4 Handbills Case_ also arising from
? O. '
der, the cenkli.t.4,,440 ,e,,e,13_0. 1
as, _Lin, t: _
the activities of the Jehovah's Witnesses.
4,echariali, Ghalee,'i., George' t'llaight; tioss In less than 3 years, the 8-to-1 decision in
1.4. ,l'? tp,loi:ie , Jr., and Charles P. Taft.- Minersville School District v, Gobitis was re-
As 'chairman, Grenville -Clerk- Moved- versed._ by the Supreme Court in the 6-to-3
promptly to make the new and in many ways d? ecision in We,st Virginia State Board of Edu-
surprising committee an effective force n ' cation v, Barnette.. The brief Of Clark and
Awrlop. 4 as well as., Within the - bar:
Careful ?plans_ Were-laid'Ini-th4' i)''llbilearb'ii- Cti""Amee end the Bin of _Rights Committee of
...a.ie..e_r.k. 'Of the
the American Bar Association bad become
Of la juhr4aallityrto4ueghssisichf aro cowd,Tap
00InnOtt 1 ' Ti - - - ? the law of the land,
Oddly enough it remained for citizen
. COMIMM1,04.tett to the bar and-tb1h9 iinhlia- - C? lark to perform in World War II a func-
- Named the pin. of ?Rights -lteviOw' this ex . '
,,,,, ,__. 77L ,tion very much like that which brought
-Cei-kent, "P'ubliCation first appeared in the sum- him the Distinguished Service Medal in
pier t):1, 4.910; -..austelhed at the. dutset: by a ' W? orld War I. The conquest of Norway by
grant 'from the Carnegie Corp., it WaS-Pu the Nazi5, in April 1940, told him that the
lished by the Committee with thechairman United St d
ates would in all probability be
? as one pro _tern editor and Jos-eph-H- arrienn - drawn in '
to the hostilities however much we
as the other. "As it,s, r.qa?64, Ait b.elpg, the might wish to avoid involvement. And so,
BlIj of gIghts Heview saia 'both frankly and
'
perceptively: when the Plattsburg alumni met on May 8,
1,940, he proposed that the United States
' "AirOwing volume of cases in recent Years ' h? egin to organize and train its manpower
? haa Made ,it increasingly apparent:tha-t-a cis- . through a national Selective Service Act.
, .,, , _ .
, ', tl.h. et 4. eld Of /aw-'-that of ' civil rights?is' But the Secretary of War, Harry H. Wood-
. , Merging and taking PlaCe' si-l'Ong with h. ' '
P...e. ring, was opposed to conscription when the
Older_ estahlishes1 fierdS aa Snell' --- ? -
. 04" administrative ,laW later' law, -1.relY-Lr`z4P4'-' United States itself WAS not at war. Clark's
.,h_ nthject often., in, vo ji,es_ 1376vid 88, ?talY, _solution to this first aspect of the problem
veraY and is -intrinsiailli-a -gnah inipatnag- ltVeaveel. lie laid lila plans carefully and dealt
to work for a change at the Cabinet
-it1161 it requires a Wise and balanced -treat- ' quietly with men influential in Washington. '
merit on the part of the 'ahieit 111-4ilheie ---f ' .Wbeh his movements were completed, Presi-
'the bar. ,?Theee ca--* he'At'-liett) -Ii.i-e-hitath thoe ' dent .Boosevelt had, on June 20, 1940, re-
' Atnerican sYstein of frae-lnatithtiOni-h3i he- ' p? laced Woodring with the eminent Republi-
'lug guided by :the letter and aPirit "4-3-f the can, Henry L. Stimson, who had served as
law, of civil liberties ratb.:er?t1'46 Jay th ? 'Secretary of War under President Taft and
political or economic predilections Such ealin 4.$ Secretary of State under President Hoover.
approach to this all-bn_Poitant'gnhjeenVollid One of the conditions that Stimson had set
be timely arid- might-well-become the orga- as a basis for acceptance of the secretary-
, .tized bar's, greatest contribution to the 'ship (at the same time Republican Frank
preServation_ of. the Atherfean Way." "' ' - Kneac? became Secretary of the Navy) was
?' Ille_Bill Uf Vglita'R-eifeW-caineofit ' - ' that. he have a 'free hand to work for Se-
, quarter for several yeari: In that time it le_StivP, Service. As in World War I Clark
? inifeli;to.reslit-the`Wiierra---afai?t-fios--11-- took the cause to the public. He set up a
,stiTio held unpopular -Opinions If the times program to inform the country as to the
Inade,.. the hijsrh.n. ,h .,,f, t,11e.,,,e,..e.rp_xn,.. itte,,e . the . need for A ,draft of, manpower by Congress.
. .
Act which, after amendment, passed the
Senate, 2 to 1, and became law in Septem-
ber 1940. In 1941 he answered Stimson's
call for help, went to Washington and was
in the War Secretary's office to write the
declaration of war against Japan after the
dastardly attack on Pearl Harbor. Citizen
Clark had done it again.
Yet he would probably say that vital
though survival is, nothing he did in the two
World Warsis as important as his efforts for
world peace. He began to turn over thoughts
about limited world government as long ago
as the 1920's. In 1939, spurred by the pre-
carious state of global affairs, he wrote out
his developing ideas in "A Federation of Free
Peoples." With the Second World War sub-
stantially won by July 1944, Clark quit
Was-hington and went back to Dublin to work
on winning the peace. Secretary Stimson
encouraged him to raise his sights so as to
devise a world constitution for the postwar
era.
The result was that he produced an outline
for a world government to maintain peace
which the Indiana Law Review published
that same year with the significant title, "A
New World Order?The American Lawyer's
Role." In October 1945, he assembled the
meeting known as the Dublin conference. At
Clark's inspiration and with Supreme Court
Justice Owen J. Roberts as chairman, a group
of 40 distinguished citizens met in sight of
old Monadnock to think together about the
means for preventing the holocaust that
could destroy civilization. Out of their de-
liberations came the Dublin declaration look-
ing to the formation of a world federal gov-
ernment.
The essence of the Clark position on world
peace is that as long a,s the nuclear arms
race continues, the world lives with a loaded
gun at its head. This, he submits, is not only
dangerous to the point of foolhardiness but
Intolerable. And so he is for world law,
legislated by a world body and enforced by a
world administration, with a world police
force to keep international order. Any dis-
putes would be adjudicated or mediated by
world-courts and related tribunals. This
comprehensive peacekeeping machinery
would be supported by an adequate world
revenue system.
The United Nations is good so far as it
goes, Mit as is evident from the Clark plan,
it `does not go far enough. And so Citizen
Clark undertook to work out a detailed revi-
sion of the United Nations Charter with a
view to provoking "the worldwide discussions
which must precede the adoption of uni-
versal and complete disarmament and the
establishment of truly effective institutions
for the prevention of war."
In the formulation of his plan's many
details, he enlisted the help of Prof. Louis B.
Sohn of the Harvard University Law School,
whose field is international law. Their book,
"World Peace Through World Law," was pub-
lished by the Harvard University Press in
March 1958. The first edition was soon ex-
hausted and a revised edition came out in
1960. It has been translated in whole or in
part into at least a dozen languages, among
them Chinese and Russian, and serves as a
basis for genuine world peace and disarma-
ment talks wherever they are held. Then in
order to propose an alternative method he
and Professor Sohn published in 1962 a draft
treaty establishing a World Disarmament and
World Development Organization within the
framework of the United Nations. The pur-
pose was to create a compact but inclusive
treaty text on which statesmen might start
to work in any sincere effort at drawing the
teeth of war.
In recent months Grenville Clark has been
studying the probable effect of disarmament
on the world's populati One of
the fruits in this vocative
article which he contributed in February
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15660 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATf
1963, to a series in the Saturday Review.
His encouraging expectations can be told
from these hopeful words: '"The release,
through complete disarmament, of 'vast re-
sources to raise living standards in the 'have-
not' areas of the world: could bring about
effective population control 'within a few
decades." Those who strive for peace and
those who strive for population control
should, he wrote, "strike bands in a united
effort for the preservation and welfare of
mankind."
HOW do fellAw lawyers appraise the career
of Grenville dellark? Judging by the widely
criculated ex.pbange of letters in 1949 on the
testis of "Freedom Lit.yrafiarti" between him,
as a Harvard fellow, and Harvard law grad-
uate Frank B. Ober, of Baltimore. there are
those who find fault vrithparts of it?to say
the least. But then Pere are countless oth-
ers who regard the patient, far-seeing Than
with the square, strong -jaw as among the
? glories not only of their profession but of
all America.
On presenting Grenville Clark with the
American Bar Aseociation's highest award,
its gold medal for "cotispicuotui service- to
the use of American jurisprudence," Presi-
dent Rose Malone spokefor many lawyers,
on August- 27, 1959, at Miami Beach, when
he said, quoting the citation: "
"Through his dedication to the discharge
of the public responsibility of the bar dur-
ing a long and distinguished Professional ca-
reer, he has rallied many others to that noble
concept. He has helped keep freedom's flag
flying, and by his example Rai ever reminded
his fellow lawyers of their duty to uphold
liberty and to expand support for the rule of
law." ,
Yet more than gold medals and citatiOns -
he must cherlah the words of Secretary SU/n-
eon from a handwritten letter" sent afar
World War *
"You certainly should record ymir work.
At almost every critical period in our his-
tory which / can remember, it was your saga-
city which diagnosed and pushed forward the
best remedy, and you have not had a quarter
of the recognition for it Which you should
have had."
Among those in high place who have com-
mended Grenville Clark's work is President
Kennedy. Praising hirti as a man alert: in
both war and peace, to vital needs, the
President has well said that "his example
Is one for which we can all he grateful.?
But let Grenville Clark speak for himself.
His words come to us from the "spotlighted
rostrum of the bar convention where he has
received the gold medal, from the study in
the Harvard Taw library -Where' be is hardat
work, from the old farmhouse on -the moun-
tain slope In New Hampshire where be takes
comfort from the serenity of the lake that
greeted the pioneers two ceialuries ago. Be
says to us: -
"I hope that we may constantly recall the
words of Lincoln: 'As our Case is new, so
must we think anew and act anew. Por
Wish that our thinking "Shall not be crip-
pled by timidity or undue regard for tradi-
tion, but shall be as imaginative and creative
as the problem is vast and new: I further
wish that we may resist any temptation to
avoid the hardest problems.
"I earnestly hope that we may have the
insight to perceive the uselessness of talking
about any -effective rule of law In world af-
fairs unless in addition' to world tribunals
we are prepared to accept world legislative
and., executive agencies equipped with fule-
guate authority to make the judgments of
'thea tribunals surely enforcible.
"In particular I hope that we will realize
that nothing less will suffice than universal
and complete, rather than partial. national
filstrrnarnent, together with an adequate
world police force. On no easier terms than
these, I believe, can a world rule of law, how-
ever strialy limited to the prevention of wa&
become a reality.
"This problem of world peace under law
Is indeed hard. But it is not insoluble and
the goal is worth the effort. There is a tide
IA the affairs of men. It brings us now a
supreme opportunity and also imposes an
Urgent duty. /f we can rise to that duty we
shall fairly earn the gratitude of all man-
kind."
And so going west out of Dublin watch for
that turnoff to the left into the woods. It
is a third of a mile 'beyond the village post
office which puts the cancellation, "Dublin,
? On so many Important letters and
statements and pamphlets that go out around
the world---just a third of a mile and no
more. Citizen Clark, U.S.A., walking stick
In hand, is waiting in the cool of the sum-
mer evening at the lane that leads up to
Outlet Farm where Fanny Dwight Clark has
been cultivating her prize roses. It would
be too bad to miss even a minute that you
might have had there.
rie, WAR IN VIETNAM
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, last week,
on Saturday. July 4, the convention of
the Oregon Democratic Party, meeting at
Coos Bay, Oreg., adopted a resolution
calling for submission of the jurisdiction
of the war in South Vietnam to the
United Nations. At this large conven-
tion, there was only one vote in opposi-
tion The comments made at the con-
vention also left no room for doubt that
the participants in that Democratic con-
vention in Oregon are very concerned
about the course of action that the
United States Is following in the foreign
policy in southeast Asia.
In MY judgment this is the most
sensible action that has been taken by
any party convention yet on this critical
international conflict.
The resolution states in full:
We urge that the United States oak the
United Nations to take responsibility for
the settlement of the conflict In Vietnam and
that the 'United States declare its readiness
to contribute troops and military support
under United Nations command upon the as-
sumption of this responsibility by the United
Nations.
There is no doubt as to the position
of these Democrats in support of having
other nations who are members of the
Milted Nations proceed to carry out
their responsibilities, along with the
United States, in applying the rule of
law, rather than American unilateral
military action in Southeast Asia in an
attempt to settle this dispute.
? The American people everywhere, not
Just in Oregon, are beginning to awaken
to the -fact that what Is happening in
Southeast Asia is not the exclusive busi-
ness of the U.S. Department of Defense
or of the US. Government as a whole.
They are beginning to appreciate that it
is a threat to international peace of
exactly the kind the United Nations was
created to handle.
Even the Secretary General of the
U.N.. U Thant, is coining to appreciate
the same thing. At long last, he has
called for, a new 14-nation conference
on Southeast Asia, with the possibility
that the United Nations could play a
role in enforcing its decision. I would
that the U.S. Ambassador to the United
Nations, Mr. Adlai Stevenson, would give
July 9
to Mr. U Thant the help and coopera-
tion that is needed, rather than follow
the course of action that Mr. Stevenson
has been following in recent months in
regard to the war in southeast Asia.
The United States opposes any new
agreement on Southeast Asia until the
existing agreements are lived up to. But
since, we are not living up to them any
more than North Vietnam or China, this
is only a semantic objection and not a
real one. It stands to our historic dis-
credit.
The official position of the United
States only raises the question of why the
United Nations should not be brought in
to enforce the existing agreement. If we
really want it enforced, why do we try
to keep the U.N. out? The American
concern about living up to existing agree-
ments will not be believable even to our
own people until we seek an interna-
tional, not a unilateral, enforcement of
them. Until we demonstrate in good
faith?and the United States in south-
east Asia is not demonstrating good faith,
but bad faith?the United States in
southeast Asia is not living up to its obli-
gations under even the Geneva accord of
1962, and we did not even sign the
Geneva accord of 1954. The United
States is riot demonstrating good faith
in southeast Asia until it demonstrates a
willingness to sit down at a 14-nation
conference table, as Mr. U Thant now,
at long last?but better than never?has
finally proposed in the press today.
I am proud that the Oregon Demo-
cratic convention has raised its voice in
behalf of the rule of law in world affairs.
As the war continues, as it becomes more
widely discussed in this country, and as
more information about it trickles down
to the American people, there will be
more voices raised along the same line.
More people in the country are speak-
ing out through the various media of
public information than there were 90
days ago. I ask unanimous consent to
have certain communications that I have
received in support of the position I have
taken on this issue and certain newspa-
per articles printed in the RECORD at the
close of my remarks.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without
objection, it is so ordered.
(See exhibit 1.)
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, great
concern is being demonstrated among
our allies over our military course of ac-
tion in southeast Asia. We are begin-
ning to hear rumblings of fear and doubt
in respect to the U.S. policy in southeast
Asia among the people of many lands.
In today's press, our potential enemy,
Russia, is making disquieting statements
about her concern over what she alleges
to be U.S. aggression in southeast Asia.
She is beginning to make noises to the
effect that she does not propose to ignore
her commitments made with other coun-
tries to see to it that aggression is not
carried out in southeast Asia or else-
where.
Certainly, I agree that she ought to be
the last to be discussing it. When one
looks at the blood of aggression on the
hands of Soviet Russia, it becomes a bit
paradoxical to read her pratings today.
But, nevertheless, we have placed our-
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1964 CO
selves, I respectfully submit, in a posi-
tion so that Russia can carry on that
kind of propaganda against the United
States. In this instance, the United
States is wrong. Russia is going to take
advantage of every Mistake we make.
She is beginning to indicate that she is
not going to walk out on Red China.
There are stirrings, rumblings, and prop-
aganda announcements coming out of
Peiping itself.
Red China is showing an intention not
to be bluffed by the United States, not
to submit to the United States as we
continue our policy of making war, and
not peace, in southeast Asia.
In my judgment, the war clouds are
becoming more black and ugly over Asia.
They are becoming so black they have
caused even Pakistan to endorse a 14-
nation conference according to today's
press reports. Pakistan is one of the
SEATO members that has refused to join
American forces in Vietnam, despite the
vast aid we furnish to Pakistan. I am
More concerned than ever before that if
we continue our unilateral military
course of action in Asia, the probabilities
are that there will be a full-scale war in
Asia, and the United States will live to
regret that we took the course of action
that brought about the beginning of that
war, rather than resorting, as we should,
under treaty commitments, to existing
procedures of the rule of law or at least
an attempt to settle the dispute by peace-
ful procedures, rather than by American
military might.
EXHIBIT 1
TAKAPITNA, AUCKLAND. , _
NEW ZEALAND,
June 25, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senator for the State of Oregon, Senate of
the United States of America, Washing-
ton, D.C. -
Dzeks, : I have read in our newspapers
recently your sane and balanced views on
World affairs Particularly with regard to
events in southeast Asia, a part of the world
that is of great concern to those of us that
live in the South Pacific region.
Your??oininents as reported today (June
25, 1964) on the question of the course in-
dicated by the United States in this vital
area are listened to and understood by peo-
ple from many walks of life here. To those
of us that look with great concern at the
march toward a conflagration in southeast
Asia, your voice is an indication of wiser
cotmcils that rise above the constant bar-
rage of talk of war that flows in an endless
stream from so many U.S. spokesmen and
various journals.
Please accept my thanks for your courage
and humanity in speaking out on these is-
sues which keep alive the faith that so Many
people like myself still endeavor to retain
in the American democratic tradition of the
past, despite so many 'blows against a re-
tention of that faith during recent years.
Whilst persons like yourself in positions of
responsibility in your country still speak out
on matters that they consider against the
interests of peace, independence, and com-
mon humanity, we know that the best tradi-
tions of American demoeracy still 'retain
some hold in these dangerous times.
Please accept my assurance based' On my
own experience that your words' are not
lost on millions of ordinary people outside
the United States, we can well see what
No. 136 8
would be the inevitable result of the policies
you speak out against as a true American.
Thank you.
Yours faithfully,
Mr. F. S. BALDWIN.
[Prom the New Zealand Herald,
June 25, 19641
SENATOR FEARS BIG WAR
WAskawarox.?Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Democrat, of Oregon, said in the U.S. Senate
yesterday that the United States was head-
ing for a major war in Asia.
He said he had just come from a briefing
on the military situation in South Vietnam
held by the Secretary of Defense, Mr. Mc-
Namara, and the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
"If the United States continues following
the course indicated by this briefing," he
said, "we are headed for a major war in
Asia, in which thousands of American boys
will die.
"We will be hated for 500 years and we
will be known as the Nation that was chiefly
responsible for scuttling the United Nations.
"The greatest threat to the peace of the
world is the United States."
Senator MORSE said the situation in South
Vietnam should be put before the United
Nations.
LINCOLN PARK, MICH.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: Bless you for expressing
your views on Vietnam. We have urged our
Senators to back you up in this. We, too, are
alarmed by the appointment of M. Taylor.
Yours sincerely,
D. SPEIR.
JUNE 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I wish other Sena-
tors would be as forthright as you have been
in speaking on Vietnam. Try to get them
to read Helen S. Lamb's basic pamphlet on
':The Tragedy of Vietnam?Where Do We Go
From Here?" Surely after reading it all your
Senators and Congressmen would want a
peaceful settlement after reading Helen S.
Lamb's pamphlet.
Yours respectfully,
Mrs. BETSY DAVENPORT.
JULY 3, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sra: Keep up the good work on your
southeastern Asia position. We're all for
pan. Have written to KENNEDY and SALTON-
STALL expressing my views. Maybe we can
Start them moving in the right direction, too.
Best of luck.
Yours,
SIDNEY DORFMAN.
ITHACA, N.Y.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations OIL
your speech of June 22 on the war in South
Vietnam. I agree completely with what you
said. Keep up the fight.
WILLIAM DUELL.
SHEFFIELD, MASS.,
July 4, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: On this July 4, we
want to thank you for speaking out on be-
15661
half of 'e'otrinaoriSetise and humanity, and
against our policy of spreading or continu-
ing the war in Vietnam. Yours is a courage-
ous voice, and there are plenty of people who
appreciate.
Sincerely,
JOAN and LES LASKOFF.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
July 6, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have been so thank-
ful for what you have been saying about
Vietnam and southeast Asia. I think you
have made three speeches on the topic re-
cently. I should be very grateful for a copy
of each of them. If I should pay for these,
please let me know.
With greater faith in America because you
are in our Senate.
HENRY S. HUNTINGTON.
BERKELEY, CALIF.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for your
effort to fight the bad American policy in
southeast Asia. There is no reason for uni-
lateral action by the United States.
Yours truly,
GEORGE GOLDMAN.
Senator MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You are so right, all
the trouble in Vietnam is our fault, why did
we not go -to the U.N.? Why were we not
kinder to Castro when he came here in 1958?
That is Eisenhower? Who is setting our
foreign policy under the Republicans and
the Democrats? The governments of the
world must be by the individuals for the
individual and of the individual, give the
principles of the declaration bath at home
and abroad even when we do not wish too,
such as to every child.
BRIDGEVILLE, PA.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
The Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I want to express my great ap-
preciation and admiration for your discussion
on the program "Issues and Answers." I
have written to ABC in New York to inquire
if copies can be obtained.
It seems so important that such a sane,
intelligent presentation of our international
conduct (especially with reference to the
U.N.) should be given the widest possible
distribution.
Thank you again for your inimitable per-
formance,
Very truly yours,
Mrs. ALICE G. HARRIS.
JUNE 30, 1964.
Hon. Senator WAYNE L. MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
HON. SENATOR WAYNE MORSE: I commend
you on your courageous stand on the situa-
tion in South Vietnam and its terrible pos-
sibilities of war. We appreciate your services
to the cause of peace.
Yours truly,
Los ANGELES, CALIF.
SyLvn.
JUNE 30, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Your interview with
the press Sunday was outstanding. How I
wish your advice would be acted upon im-
mediately.
GLENDALE, CALIF.
FLORENCE S. REED.
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15662 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
Noa'iH4u7r0N., Massa.
Oulu 2, 1964.
HOU. Warns TSfoafix,
Senate Office Building.
This is
111= DiENATOR MORSE: /HIS Is Le CeMIDelle
you On your stand concerning present U.S.
policies in Vietnam. I think our relations
With China. and southeast Asia have reached
a dangerous point and that every effort
should be bent, not to extending the war
there, but to negotiating its end.
Sincerely yours,
ALI= A. Lacimowrsz.
Senator WAYNis hfoRSZ,
Senate Office Buikling,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Mouse: I should like to add
My approval of your stand on our involve-
ment in South Vietnam. weep up the fight.
There are countless VB. citizens who agree.
I hope you hear from them.
MTS. ROBERT &HON.
EIBILEI.EY Quo?.
Honorable Senator MORSE,
Senate Office Building,.
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Maass: Thank you for
speaking out on the Vietnam situation.
What are we ordinary citizens to do when
Our leaders tell us thin, situation can only be
resolved through "brinkmanship." I would
very much appreciate it if you could send me
a transcript of. your speeches on Vietnam.
Sincerely,
Mu. EDITH ALTERMAN.
JULY 8, 1964.
??????0111f
Casazzaosrr, CAW.
The Honorable liVATris Mous,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
I strongly support your efforts to change
Our unilateral military policy in Vietnam.
I heard your forceful Tv speech when you
urged that the United States get the free
world to organize behind the U.N. Charter.
4 have sent the President a night letter
Which several others signed and am writing
My Senators.
With gratitude for your courage and forth-
rightness in presenting the situation to the
Country and stressing our obligation to in-
ternational law.,
MO. ELIZABETH P. STEINER.
JULY 4, 1964.
Senator Moos,.
Washington, D.C.
MY DIAZ SENATOR MORSE: This 111 LO declare
my Strong support of your courageous stand
against the U.S. policy in southeast Asia
Which I agree is politically disastrous and
Morally wrong.
I am writing to President Johnson to this
erect.
Sincerely yours,
Joar 5. 1064.
Senator Warms Moms,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Sim: Bravo Senator Moser, it takes a real
A-1 American citizen and statesman to tell
off the warmongering racketeers that have
for too long a time brainwashed the aver-
age American citizen. The United Nations
Is our only salvation for survival for the
entire conflict areas of dispute.
Let's go, U.N.O.
Urns M. Cuss's.
ALBANY, N.Y.
SALEM, OREG.,
June 13, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MoRsz,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sze: I want to add my name to the
rapidly growing number of concerned citizens
who feel as you do?that it Is time aome
sanity be brought into the American policy
in Asia. The stand you have taken on what
we have done and are doing in Vietnam (and
now In Lace) shows that you believe we have
the moral obligation to practice what we
"preach. Are we so drunk with power that
we believe we are justified in working with
the United Nations only when doing so fur-
thers our own selligh interests?
Your protest makes me feel that the .Amer-
Ica I was taught about In school 13 not alto-
gether dead. I still believe too strongly in
the greatness of our ideals to look upon most
of our actions in Asia with anything but a
feeling of hopeless horror. The fu,,ure of our
Nation, and therefore of the world, depends
upon you?and the others of your persua-
sion?whose eyes are not in the backs of their
heads, and whose moral values compel them
to weigh America in the same scales with
which America weighs the actions of other
nations.
Sincerely,
Mrs. Mamma Fripaissrwieza.
CHEEKTOWAGA,
June 27, 1964.
&Mater WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DY.A.R Su: Would you please send me a
copy of your interview on "Issues and An-
swers," Sunday, June 27, 1964.
Sincerely yours,
HAROLD R. RotAN.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Sur Please send me copies of your speeches
on Vietnam, Laos, and southeast Asia.
M Maims.
Los Anemia, CALIF.
Senate! WAYNE MoRSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
Could I please have a copy of your speech
on Vietnam?by the 28th if possible.
Thank you very much.
JOAN RAwtzs.
CLAREMONT, CALIF.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.
SellGtOT WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Nroasz: Please keep on
talking against our foreign policy in Asia.
If you speak often and loud enough the
newspapers, radio, and TV have to report it
once In a while.
According to State Secretary Ruak, we are
the only ones who belong to Vietnam and
Lam. the natives should leave it or like what
we order for them.
Thank you,
3. Hiaschrzte.
Waimea, CAtrr.,
'June 27, 1964.
Senator MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Data SENATOR Moasz: Thanks for being a
modern Paul Revere on the "Today" show
this week. I believe your alarm is greatly
needed Just now.
We published some of your statements re-
cently in the daily press. What more can we
do?
Sincerely yours,
ED H. RUNCORN.
RACINE, Wis.,
June 28,1964.
Senator WAYNE Moser,
Washington, D.C.
Ow SIR: Heard you on the "Issues and
Answers" program. You are rigin; the U.N.
should have all these jobs.
W. A. WORDDIROM, Sr.
I.
July 9
JUNE 29, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE Molise,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sic Good for you. My husband and
I heard you on the "Today" program, the
other day.
Indeed, it is high time we withdrew our
troops from Vietnam and let the U.N. decide
it fate. The poor Vietnamese people must
be plenty tired of the war, and a civil war
at that.
Sincerely yours.
GEORCNNE C. MOLNAR.
Easrmissrza, N.Y.,
June 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: "Wars can be pre-
vented just as surely as they are provoked
and we who fail to prevent them must share
In. the guilt for the dead."?Gen. Caput
BRADLEY.
I agree with your position on southeast
Asia. and South Vietnam in particular, as
expressed on TV yesterday. But how can you
support President Johnson?
I believe we need a third party more than
ever before. It seems the Democrats and
Republicans are competing in saber rattling
(occasionally atomic and hydrogen bomb
rattling). I don't feel I can trust either
one of them.
I hope you will continue to tell the truth.
Yours very truly,
L. PAcx.
ARCADIA, CALIF.,
July 2, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MoRsr: I can no longer re-
sist my urge to thank you for the magnifi-
cent insight and courage you have so long
displayed?and particularly for your forth-
right position on Vietnam. Every sane citi-
zen of our country must be indebted to you,
whether he knows it or not.
I am taking the liberty of enclosing copies
of our two latest Issues of the Churchman,
with a few things marked which might be
of special interest to you. I am also asking
our Florida faille? to place you on our sub-
scription list, thinking that you may be in-
terested in seeing a liberal religious journal
160 years old but not entirely dead on its
feet?I hope. We shall keep on cheering for
you. If at any time we can be of service
through our pages, please let me know.
Cordially and gratefully yours,
Gov EMERY SrannotR,
Editor.
From the Churchman. June 19641
WHO LS FIGHTING THZ VIETNAM WAR?
/n spite of propaganda to the contrary, it
is obvious that the United States is fighting
in the Vietnam war, and using some modern
techniques in doing so. Several times Gen-
eral Hester had pointed this out in his ar-
ticles in the Churchman, in which he has
quoted many authorities. Life magazine de-
serves credit for printing the letters of Capt.
Edwin Shank. 27, to his wife, in its issue of
May 8. The captain was killed in Vietnam
2 days after his last letter, dated March 22.
In a letter of December 4, 1963. written
following one of their night attacks, we
read: "After the first two bombs, we spotted
the bad guys shooting at us. So Frank di-
rected me in and I burned them with na-
palm." Please note the "I." In a letter of
January 4, of this year. Shank wrote: "Na-
palm Is gasoline which is jellied into a mass
about the consistency of honey. When you
drop it, it ignites and spreads fire about
200 to 300 feet. With charcoal in it, the char-
coal is thrown another 200 feet, like a burn-
ing baseball, and does further damage to
Vietcong houses." On January 7 he wrote:
"I don't know what the United States is do-
ing. They tell you people that we are Just
in training situations. But we're at war.
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We are doing the flying and fighting. We are
losing." And on January 1.5: 'We can no
longer save face over here, for we have no
face to save. We are more than ever fight-
ing this war."' On 'January 20: "What gets
Me Most is that they won't tell you people
-what we-do over here. I'll bet that anyone
you talk to does not know that American
Pilots fight this war. We?me and my
buddies?do everything. The Vietnamese
'students' we have on board are airman
basics, They don't even -know their own
serial numbers. The only reason they are
on board is: in case we crash there is one
American 'adviser' and one Vietnamese 'stu-
dent.' They are sacrificial lambs."
So?we send our boys to Vietnam under
orders to burn innocent People, including
mothers and children, with napalm?and to
? be killed, Senator Masse, member of the
Foreign Relations Committee, who has per-
gistently denounced our Vietnam policy, de-
elates that 'millions of Americans are be-
ginning to realize that it is time for us to
get out Of South Vietnam." And he told the
;Senate "all of South Vietnam isn't worth the
life of a single American boy." At this-Writ-
ing the count of Americans soldiers killed is
225.
[From the Churchman, June 19641
?.:WI-IAT KIND OF FREEDOM?
(By Hugh B. Hester)
The American people have 'been shown two
pictures in their, daily newspapers- recently
Which depict the situation in the world bet-
ter than many thousands of words. One
shows the bloody, cruel, and utterly insane
war the U.S. Government is waging against
'defenseless, innocent, and poor men, wi3men
and children?in this instance, halfway
around the world. It is of _a Cambodian
lather holding in his arms his badly burned
? napalm-bombed child. The other. picture
*Showt the abysmal poverty of the -"have-
mote in Latin America.
To state, as did the late John Foster Dulles
and many others, that the presence of Com-
munists among the people of Vietnam, Laos,
? and Cambodia pose a threat to the interests
of the mighty United States is fantastic; to
. claim that the U.S. Government is not re-
sponsible for the war in this area is false;
and to call this a defense of freedom is lit-
erally obscene. This is coldbloodeci, 'sense-
less murder, worthy only of the heirs of
Hitler'i Nazi Germany, her concentration
camps and crematories.
? The picture of a village in northern Brazil
illustrates more Clearly than anything else
possible the reasons for discontent and tur-
moil in this continent south of Us. The
recent Coup d'etat in Brazil which deposed
President Joao G,oillart will not solve this
,
problem of poverty. The continued use of
U.S. funds for the arming of the feudal forces
?
in Latin America 7;7'111 not eolVe this problem
either. The causes of instability in this Vital
area can only be achieved -through the
?-eradication of the worst features, of poverty.
'Unless the leaders of the United states are
. willing to attack the causes ingtea,d or the
spill:storm of this deadly malady, they would
be wise to cOnipletely disengage ?the United
States from this area. --
- A real: solution, Of gonna& v'
tion, Of
a vast prograni for agricultural reform' and
for industrialization for eduCation and Med-
ical care. Only when these people have
adequate food, clothing, shelter, medical
ears, and education, can democracy, as we
think of it in the Angie Saion world, be
? cultivated.
-1 It is vitally 'importa,ift It eeenis th'
15663
naked, and homeless people. Then; order of headed' for the point of no return??a nu-
freedom consists of the freedom to eat, to
have shelter, clothing, medical care, and edu-
cation. Unless our leaders can understand
this, no amount of military aid, no amount
of "economic" aid a la Western style can solve
--the problem. You can't shoot an idea with
bullets or bombs and you can't fill the empty
stomachs of hundreds of millions of hungry
people with the crumbs from the capitalist
table.
clear conflagration? There is a third choice,
Mr. President. In a nuclear age it is the
only choice: the conference table, Two
frameworks for such a conference already
exist: The United 'Nations and the Geneva
Conference.
"As a lifelong Democrat I have not enjoyed
hearing the repeated charge that the Demo-
cratic Party is the party of war inasmuch
as the three wars of this century have oc-
curred in Democratic administrations. In
the past I have regarded this charge as
fraudulent and politically motivated. But
I pray, Mr. President, that it will never be
possible to make such an accusation again."
CARLISLE, MASS.,
July 4, 1964.
STATEN ISLAND, N.Y.,
July 6, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have Just written
to President Johnson, congratulating him
on passage of civil liberties legislation, and
protesting foreign policy in Vietnam and ex-
pressing thorough agreement with positions
taken by you and Senator GRUENING.
It is alarming to me that so few people
In key positions seem aware of the dangers
of escalating war in southeast Asia and the
importance for the country that we extricate
ourselves, before we bog down deeper and
precipitate major catastrophe.
We seem to be trying to control the life
and politics of these people against their
will. We just can't indefinitely play God to
the whole world?and get away with it.
/ wish I knew how to use my small voice
more effectively. At least I can also write to
New York Senators?and will.
Sincerely,
FLORA M. DAVIDSON.
P.5.?I congratulate you and Senator
GRUENING for commonsense and courage to
speak up.
WORCESTER, MASS.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator MORSE, --
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: In a letter from the orga-
nization FAX I read an excerpt from your
letter to Norman Thomas concerning the
growing willingness in the Pentagon and the
State Department to go to war with Red
China.
I am writing to tell you that I am in
agreement with you about the immorality of
this attitude. Please do your utmost to make
your views heard.
Respectfully yours,
MTS. ANNABEL WOLFSON.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
July 6,1-964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: I am enclosing a copy of a
letter which I sent to President Johnson.
This will serve to convey my views on the
war in southeast Asia. I wish to add to that
an expression of gratitude for your many
forthright statements in opposition to that
war. It is reassuring to know that there
are a few men in Congress who dare to ask,
"Where are the emperor's clothes?"
Very truly yours,
Mrs. /DA G. KLINGSBERG.
"DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: POT several -months
I read with a growing feeling of ease and re-
assurance your many statements in favor of
finding peaceful solutions for the world's
problems. Recent developments in southeast
Asia, however, point in the direction not of
peace but of war. American lives continue
to be lost; Laos is bombed; a military man
serves as our ambassador to South Vietnam;
talk increases of expanding the war. These
things are most alarming.
"Can we not learn from history? After
writer, that the leaders of the capitalist West 9 years of warfare in Indochina, the French
-recognize that the conditions in most of the suffered a quarter-million casulties. Despite
undeveloped world are fundamentally differ- billions of dollars in V.S. aid, they suntan-
_
ent from those in the developed world. ?- be- dered at Dien Bien-phu with a half-million
raocracy and freedom as prated about in the troops still under their Command. to we
capitalist West, have no meaning to hungry, aim to emulate that record? Or are we
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
The U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR: Since I feel that your
position concerning the war in southeastAsia
and its inevitable consequences is correct
and commendable, I would like to pledge my
support to you in your efforts to encourage
a more sane policy there. Until the U.S.
Government recognizes the necessity of work-
ing within the U.N. and adhering to interna-
tional law, it will continually jeopardize the
peace of the world, as it has during the past
few years. It is surprising that this Nation
which began with a struggle for its own in-
dependence from a colonialist power should
now be falling into the same errors as its
earlier opponents.
Sincerely yours,
Mrs. KATHERINE HARAMUNDANIS.
MILLERS FALLS, MASS.,
,f_uly 4, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I would like to quote
part of a book review from the New York
Times which was partially reproduced in an
article by A. J. Muste in Liberation. It was
written by Prof. George Kateb of Amherst
College:
"There is already evidence of a new stat-
ism which makes of international relations
a Renaissance game; which spends incon-
ceivably large sums of money on redundant
or artificial projects; which so encloses our
leaders in their struggle with the enemy
that one day they could have more in com-
mon with their counterparts in the enemy
_country than with their own people; which
can speculate on thermonuclear casualties
in the scores of millions and still speak about
the survival or victory of the Nation."
Brief as it is this statement clearly in-
dicates the present trend of U.S. policy in
southeast Asia. Vietnam and Laos have now
become the focal points in a struggle against
Communist aggressors while they should
really be treated as signs and alarms of the
increasingly complex political, economic,
and social situation which exists in south-
east Asia.
I applaud and wholeheartedly support
your opposition to our Government's war-
hawk attitude. To be certain, peacekeeping,
and not warmongering, is the central task
for the United States in southeast Asia.
For the first time in our Nation's short
-history, when and if the administration
calls for more overt action, there will be
opposition from representative officials like
you and some of your colleagues.
"I have already written a letter to President
Johnson voicing my opposition to the pres-
ent trend of military and political affairs in
southwest Asia, but I urge you to keep the
voices of opposition strong and creative
enough to offer an alternative of peaceful
conciliation in Vietnam and Laos.
" 'The President made an unfortunate choice
in appointing General Taylor to the am-
bassadorial post in Vietnam. I sincerely
hope that this trend of action can be coun-
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tared by creative Proposals for
Ward peace fearful speed." the neo-imperialists and the white racists.
The situation will become infinitely worse
as soon as the war is expanded as it doubt-
less Will be if it should long be continued.
Sooner or later, China would be drawn in.
There is reason to believe that Senator MORSE
Is right in charging that important figures
in the State Department and the Pentagon
want to fight China now while she is rela-
tively weak. This, among the other dis-
astrous consequences, would take Russia off
the hook, We could weaken China for her
while she could still profess loyalty to the
Communist cauie and even render some
service to it. To the nonwhite world we
should be made to appear as racial imper-
ialists. There Is no better way to a third
world war as the eventual end of our policy.
In any case its costs would be catastrophic.
We must negotiate. Any solution of the
problem must be political, involving the 14
nations which made the Geneva agreement
On. independence and neutrality. It should
also involve the United Nations and most
certainly Communist China, It Is not to
deny that It will be difficult to deal with
China to say that we have made it im-
possible to deal constructively with her so
long as we insist that Chiang represents the
country out of which he was ingloriously
driven.
One of the more rational spokesmen for
the State Department in a recent debate with
me in Detroit argued, first, that we could not
deal with the Chinese Communists because
of the nature of their communism, and, sec-
ond, that we did not need to recognize Chi-
nese Communist government and were in
fact dealing with It without giving it rec-
ognition. It may be that Peiping will prove
so Intransigent that the end will be war
no matter what Washington does. I don't
believe this, partly because of China's pres-
ent relative moderation in southeast Asia.
But the United States has no right to fulfill
its own prophecies of Chinese intransigence
by its absurb policy of nonrecognition and
the exclusion of the real China from the
U.N. Peace. all too probably the world's
peace, depends upon political solution of
southeast Asian problems in terms of ne-
gotiation and neutralization.
NORMAN THOMAS.
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a turn t,0- global conflict seems to be advancing with out war in which we will be represented as
?
Yours truly,
Fannie Sznititni,
Clark University,
4?1?????
On the next day in the Senate Warns
Morns made a bitter and documented attack
on the administration's policy. I didn't see
it reported in the Times ruld, he tells rae that
New Yoare, it /thews to be the policy of newspapers, tel-
July 6, 1964, evthion stations and so forth throughout the
Senator Warzue Moaeg, country to let the administration lead us to
MS. Senate, war without reporting important dissent
Washington, D.C.: even in the Senate by him and Senator
Our pest admiration and strong support GavaNnea. Administration supporters have
tCY your Stine 29th speech about peace in not yet bothered to answer them.
Asia. Like him, I am one of those who believe
that "Ln the State Department and. Pentagon
are men who think lied China will never be
weaker than she is at the present time, and
therefore now is the time to finish her off if
she resists a U.S. takeover in southeast Asia."
Even in the name of the most righteous
anticonlinuniem it is madness for us to em-
bark on a course that may lead to world
war. The world in general would not think
us champions of righteousness but of a neo-
and even if we could and should
crush China in a military sense, we would
lose.
We cannot thus organize Asia, much less
the world, for democracy. We should be ac-
cused of white imperialism pretty much
around the world. One shudders at the cost
we might have to pay in money and in lives.
Even if our present threats delay or hinder
action by Communist forces, it is nonsense
to think that we can get a settlement in
Communist Asia, halfway around the world,
and hold it simply by military power, Any
hope there is lies in negotiation ref neu-
trality. When will the public begin to speak
out?
8.1Conutosaintaza.
&trauma, CALIF.,
July 6,1964.
Senator WAYNE Moan,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.:
We owe undying gratitude for your op-
position to V.S. policy in Vietnam.
ROBY Fuck.
DEDHAM, Meas.,
July 4, 1964.
Dzsa SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations on
your stand in regard' to the war In southeast
Asia. /t is heartening to know that a few
Of our leaders want to keep us from suffering
the fate of ?ranee in that area.
Please don't lei us be drawn further into
that quicksand.
Sincerely,
Areas B. STEDMAN.
NEWTON, MASS.,
July 6, 1964.
SPILSIOT WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate (nice Building,
Washington, D.C.
Data SENATOR Moan: I am writing to ex-
press support of your criticism of our pres-
ent southeast Asia policy. I em in favor of
beginning immediate negotiations for a neu-
tralization of the area rather than extending
a war that doesn't have the support of even
the South Vietnamese. I hope more Sena-
tors will be as truthful and outspoken as
you.
Yours truly,
EVELYN GRINSPOON.
Jura. 4. 10e4.
...Dzut SENATOR: Thanks so much for your
uniquely courageous stand on the South
Vietnam war. It is so rare and rewarding to
hear ,the blunt truth spoken out. I am sure
many Americans support both your views
and your crusading spirit. It is merely a sad
commentary on our times that to speak out
should be so extraordinary. I am glad that
an this historic date I can write to a real
patriot, and pay honor to at least one man's
dedication to truth.
'Yours,
Mrs. ./EANNE S. SADBY.
New Toes., N.Y.,
July 3, 1964.
n. WAYNE Mosso,
enate Office Building,
Washington; D.C.
DEAR WAYNE: Enclosed is a copy of my
column on Vietnam. It goes to the Denver
Post which may or not print it and also to
the Socialist paper, New America.
Thanks for your draft.
Sincerely yours,
Normal.; Tworras.
[Prom the New York Times, July 1. 19641
ASIAN POLICY ASSAILED?NORMAN THOSUS
SAYS HOPE LIES ONLY IN NEGOTIATION
To the Items:
On June 21 you carried an editorial on the
situation in southeast Asia which ended:
"Military victory is not possible for either
side in this struggle, but the danger of a
NORMAN THOMAS.
New YORK, June 23, 1964.
New YORK, N.Y.?In Minneapolis on Sun-
day. June 28, President Johnson warned the
world that the United States, "when neces-
sary." would not heatitate "to risk war" in
southeast Asia. Of course, in order to pre-
serve peace On Wednesday, July 1, Sec-
retary Rusk asserted his belief that peace
can be achieved without further extension
of fighting. This sort of talk is characteris-
tic, probably of doubt in the administration
Itself of what it will do and certainly of the
great desire to juggle the issue of peace or
war until after the election.
Senator GoLnwarsa will have none of that.
He. who does not believe it Is the business of
Federal Government to guarantee ordinary
rights of human beings in Mississippi, wants
a tougher policy in southeast Asia That is,
a government, which can't protect its own
citizens, should play policeman around the
world, using the most diabolical forms of
war in that role. The Rouse Republican
Policy Committee went along with Gotn-
warm, not Lodge, when it argued that we
must repeal today's complacent commitment
'to prevent a Communist victory" and sub-
stitute a commitment "to insure victory for
freedom."
Under no circumstances shall we Insure a
victory for freedom by the indefinite con-
tinuance of our present confused policy in
southeast Asia, much leas by any expansion
of War. In purely military terms this is not
a war that we can win any more than did the
French. It is the irony of our present mili-
tary power that we can't use our weapons of
total destruction to preserve people or free-
dom anywhere. Neither can we win in a
civil war such as that which we face in
South Vietnam. There is extraordinarily
little evidence of direct Chinese or North
Vietnamese military help of consequence.
Most of the Vietcong's guns are American. Thank you for your efforts in behalf of us
captured in guerrilla war. Vietcong's leader all, and / hope your views will receive greater
is a Vietnamese who Is said not to be a Corn- publicity.
munist. In the new nations, communism Very truly yours,
can do nothing but gain by a long, dragged .Roaitirr SOBOEF.
BROOKLINE, MASS.,
July 5,1964.
DEAR Sitwaroa: This letter is to let you
know that I et-and with you in any further
extension of the war in Vietnam.
I am particularly disturbed by the replace-
ment of Lodge as Ambassador by General
Taylor. I fail to see how a man with a mili-
tary mind like Taylor can fit into what is es-
sentially a delicate political situation.
What can be done by you and your other
four constituents in breaking what seems
like an almost conspiratorial silence on the
part of the press and television in reporting
your remarks? Could the National Commit-
tee for an Effective Congress (of which you
may be a member) come up with some an-
swer on this?
I have written to Senators KENNEDY and
BALTONSTALL, and they both say the same
thing; i.e., if we lose in South Vietnam, then
the famous domino theory will prevail; one
by one the nations of southeast Asia will fall
to the Communists.
lam not subscribing to wholesale American
evacuation of South Vietnam. As the ori-
entals, we would not or could not lose face.
There must be other political ways that have
not been pushed or explored to ease the ex-
plosive situation.
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Gitt88/ONAL- RECORD SETIATE
ICAGo, ,
J$16 1964"
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate
office
awing,
Washin-gton, D.C.
Dz?,ta S*ATOE MORSE: r salute you and say
"Bravo" to you for your forthright stand on
Vietnam and Mississippi.
How ironic that we oan_send troops thou-
sands of miles away where we are not wanted
by the people and Can find only 400 sailors
to search for three courageous young people.
You must know that many, many Americans
applaud you even If they haven't written.
Please bit the road" and stump for your
position.' Americans need to hear your voice
and position.
Once again?I salute you.
Respectfully yours, -
" TOBEY S. SCHEIN.
OAKLAND, CALIF.
Mr. MonsE: I am terrified at the propor-
tions the war in southeast Asia is taking."
Your position deserves my support. I am
awate that you have San Francisco's Repre-
serItative PHILIPpilItTON and New York's Rep-
resentative WILLIAM FITTS RYAN, calling for
negotiations in economic trade and peaceful
elections,
But, sir, the ambiguity arises out of press
coverage as to whether there is Communist
Infiltration of South Vietnam and Commu-
nist' supplying of the national liberation
front. l'rom one source X understand the
army itself has stated that the -infiltration
and alleged supplying of rebel forces' is neg-
ligible, Yet from the mass (or is it mess?) of
others the cry goes up of Communist Infil-
tration, conspiracy, armament, atroCities.
ask you sir, which is it, what was reported
by Mr. Rusk and Mr; McNamara and the
---,Army intelligence. Sir, rwith a multitude
of otlieri-thirst unquenchably for informa-
,
? -troll good honest information, of the Situ-
- ation and receive none. I have written ,to
Senator HuoNEx.. but I have received no
ansWer,- I suppose the letter was discarded
as pressurized by the activities of groups here-
in the bay area. X ask you to inform me as
to what the Arrny's ,report was, if ?possible.
Also I 'Volunteer ,you My support in any
? way possible.
Thank you sir.
GE_ORG,F,EWART.t.-
JUNE 23, 1964.
_ . -
enator WAYNE MORSE.
'DEAR SENA:TOE: It Is wonderftli....t9 hoar you
talk from time to tone protesting thegs
that makes one Wonder if Most pt:11 e ? 1 e
I n the GeYernirient Who -tolerates,04 wh9,
refuses to' see What is happening to Many
countries especially our attitude in South
and North Vietnam, also Laos and Cambodia,
besides Cuba, dermanY, etc, We must realize
that our artttPUGle must;eyeritually lead to
"NEW YORK, N.Y.,
July 1, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I enclose a carbon
&Tref a letter I am sending President John-
son today on Vietnam.
As you see, a copy goes also to Senator WARWICK, R.I.,
GEtrENINC, with whom I have been in con- June 25, 1964.
verse. Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Please keep up your good stand. State House,
Respectfully yours, Oregon, U.S.A.
ROBERT MELTON. Stu: Moments ago I watched, with intense
Interest, an interview you had with a news
JULY 1, 1964. reporter, and shown on the "Today" show
this date.
I hold with you that our President either
declare war or, as you suggested, turn future
action and decisions over to the U.N.
The purpose of my letter is to ask what we
the people can do in an effective way to so
move the powers that be?
I personally feel that the present situation
is a travesty to "right" and atrocious to our
GI's.
Your suggestions shall be carefully con-
sidered. Best to you in your continued fight
forright.
Sincerely,
ia mg you every success in your efforts to
make America a better place to live.
Respectfully,
ARTHUR C. EVERHART.
15665
DEAR PRESIDENT JOHNSON: I have just
heard the halting and not very credible or
creditable speech of your recent Ambassador
to Saigon before the National Press Club.
It was evasive, when not actually menda-
Clous, on Vietnam.
It was a rather disgraceful performance.
But, in its being so, it unfortunately
echoes the position of our Government on
the civil war in South Vietnam?for it is a
- civil war, and not an international conflict
(except insofar as we are making it so),
which our Government represents it as and
is apparently trying to escalate it to.
I see the role of the NLF as indistinguish-
able from the forces that fought to get rid
of the French?to get rid of all foreign power
and make Vietnam self-governing.
This, by the same logic, means getting rid
of all puppet dictators like Diem and Kanh,
who continue under different forms the op-
pressive aims of a colonial power.
We have seen to it that we succeeded
France as the colonial power in southeast
Asia, and have acted rather more rapaciously
than the French, more murderously.
Our aim there is immoral because it is to
prevent the self-determination of a people.
And, as could be expected with an im-
moral aim, our methods are equally immoral,
what with defoliation, napalm, and torture
and terrorism directed toward the ordinary
citizenry, to say nothing of death.
As a reflection of this immoral aim of ours,
the NFL has the allegiance of 70 percent of
the area, 50 percent of the population, has
Its own government, issues its own postage
stamps, collects taxes from U.S. Government
contractors in Saigon itself, can have its
military forces operate within 5 miles of
Saigon, can have its agents operate freely
within Saigon, and has the secret sympathy
of,a large number of foreigners.
/n addition to the immorality of our aims
and methods in South Vietnam?or as a
consequence of it?we are threatening to run
the risk of a world war in the course of
which we as a nation, as well as many others,
would most likely be wiped out.
Sir, are you really unaware of these things?
Respectfully yours,
ROBERT MELTON.
Copies to Senators GRUENING and MORSE.
? Also peace seems' to be's, dirty word. 'How
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
can one libssilsiy get the people to realize Senate Office Building,
014' only hope for survival is peace?and -a. Washington, D.C.
_., strong ' movement that can force the Gov- DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I heard your remarks
' eminent to, recognize their wishes. Or will on "Issues and Answers" last Sunday and I
peace topple the capitalist system'? heartily agree with what you said.
Thanks again for being a diesenter. We I did not think we had any straight-and-
need More Of them in Washington- . honest-thinking Senators left any more, but
I fi d we have a few, such as you, Senator
* '"- - ,'-' , PPLItzionT, and a few others who think as
, ,
STATEN ISLAND, N.
VALRICO, FLA.,
July 1, 1964.
Y., Senators should,
4, 19'6. , I certainly wish the southern Senators
Hen,, WAYNE MORSE, thought like you. I am sure there would be
Senate Office Building, less trouble throughout the world.
Washington, DO. I hope you are fortunate enough in con-
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I *ant you to know \diming more of our Senators and others of
that I support Wholeheartedly yeali pation your views.
? on u,s. involvement In Seutti- Vietriain.. X $74 k like 7,D.R..clid, and I am sure Mi.
Please continue Your efforts to get the Elated Roosevelt ,was more right than those who
States out .of this cruel war as well aa,Pie- opposed.n
vent further involvement and the risk a one ,Of the best, 11 not the
war With China.
best, President. He was the only President I
Sincerely yours, ever voted for. I sum hope Mr. Johnson
ELAINE OBRINSKY. turns out to be his equal. of foreign policy, but as far as I'm con-
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CHAN.
FOREST HILLS, N.Y.,
July 2,1964.
DEAR SENATOR: Deeply alarmed about the
turn of events regarding southeast Asia.
I am sending you this message in support of
your valiant stand against any extension of
the war?or wars in these parts, and begging
you to continue your efforts. It is a great
consolation that there are people like you
In our governing bodies.
May your struggle be blessed.
Yours sincerely,
Mims ZOFF.
JUNE 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
SENATOR MORSE: I heard your views on Viet-
nam as expressed in an interview with news-
men that appeared on one of our local sta-
tions. I am very happy to see there are in-
deed thinking and informed Senators repre-
senting us.
My thanks to you for taking a strong stand.
You have earned my respect. And I think
you will find more support for your views
than either the administration or the Repub-
licans think exists.
HAYWARD, CALIF.
RAYMOND J. LAFLEUR,
BOSTON, MASS.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I am writing to let
you know of my support in your stand on
the U.S. policy in southeast Asia.
I have written to President Johnson urging
him to begin immediately negotiations to
end this war. I have also written my Sena-
tors, EDWARD KENNEDY and LEVERETT SALTON-
STALL, urging them to support you on this
critical issue.
Sincerely yours,
PATRICIA MCKENNEY.
'
SCAPPOOSE, OREG.
Senator WAYNE MORE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR BENATOR MOESE: I saw the television
program "Issues and Answers" yesterday and
almost died of pure joy listening to you.
They had the issues and boy did you give
tbenJi t 941SWer.s..,.4%Dri I c9.311c1Wt agree
with you more. At the last meeting of the
executive board of the yD's of Oregon, we
passed a resolution which encompassed much
of what you said.
I sometimes disagree with you on matters
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE, July 9
earned you are one of the only honest men
Gann:Mae:Ea today. I always like Mr.
luso; that is up until the Cuba Big of
p 'Ulnae &MB' Up. felt sorry fOr him
beFallee offite position he was put in but
I Still didn't like the way he handled him-
self. 'The More / get into politics the more
people tell me I am naive to believe in
honesty in, politics and in Government. Per-
haps I am, so you seem all the more like a
breath of fresh air on a very Muggy day.
As a member cif the team setting up the
dinner for you on the 10th, I am looking
forward very much to meeting you.
'Thank you again for a half hour of re-
freshing truth.
Tours very truly,
Mrs. GRETCHEN lovni.xii,
EZecutive Secretary, I'DCO.
ORAL PEACH, Cain.,
,laZy 1, 1964.
SellStOT WAYNE MORSE,
Washingttm, D.C.
Vasa Szwaroa: I keep wondering what
there Can be about the soil, climate, or water
in Oregon that makes voters up there in-
telligent enough to elect a Senator like you.
Tour courageous recent words about the
wicked, bloodthirsty interference by U.S.
State Department in Vietnam were like clean
at coming into the pblsonous. hypocritical
statements usually coining out of Washing-
Tours very truly,
PARSON MARSH.
? Zama 13matrivaat,
Toronto, Canada, July 2, 1964.
Senator Wayne Moist,
The Senate
Washington, D.C.
Dux SENATOR Mows: I was very Interested
to read of your opinions on the war in
Vietnam as stated In The enclosed article
taken from the Toronto tilohe and Mall.
I think you are entirely' correct in your
Views and would like to take this opportu-
nity of expressing my Tull support Of them.
Tours very truly,
, Samna' 13acoN.
[Prom the Globe and Mail, June 26, 1964]
'U.S. OPPONENT OF TTETNAIA *AR
(By George Bain)
WassoNtrrow.?In the U.S. Senate it has
become almost a daily occurrence that Sena-
tor WAYNE Mostar, of Oregon, rises in his
place to denounce what he calls McNamara's
war in Vietnam.
He says that the United States cahnot
legally justify its presence there, that it is
following a policy which is likely to lead to
a long drawn out and costly war with China,
and that if the fighting in Vietnam endangers
the peace of the world?as he thinks it
doss?The place to take the issue is to the
United Nations.
?- He says that the United States has acted
not only unwisely but improperly. and points
out that South Vietnam as well as North
Vietnam luso been accused b`y the Interns-
tinnal Cantrol Commission, of violating the
1964 Geneva accords?South Vietnam by re-
ceiving U.S. military assistance.
He has made public answers given him by
experts appearing before the Senate foreign
relations committee, of which he is a mem-
ber, to the effect that very few North Viet-
namese, or Chinese, or other foreigners have
been found among the Vietcong taken prison-
er in the lighting in South Vietnam.
The foreigners in South Vietnam today, he
has_said. are Americans.
He looks Upon the war in South Vietnam
At civil war, in which each side has its
baclanse traTalde, rather than as an angres-
? iSve war waged from North Vietnam. He
believes. however, that North Vietnam, with
China beyond it, has been the greater of-
fender against the Geneva accords, and that
the case could be proved in the United Na-
tions. although to do SO might be to expose
the mistakes of the United States.
In a recent speech he said: "Peace Is snore
important than US. face. Peace is more
important than a temporary Ices of US.
prestige, if we lose prestige by seeking to
right a mistaken course of action, I believe
the opposite would be true."
In his long campaign, Senator Moises has
had several associates?most notably Sena-
tor Eamon Gatorameo, of Alaska. They are
both Democrats. Both from time to time
have criticized the U.S. press for the scant
attention it has paid their other-side-of-the-
case argument at a time when Vietnam and
Laos rarely have been off the front pages.
Not all the attention that has been paid
them has been favorable.
The Washington Star in an editorial this
week said:
must be that Senator WAYNE Ithasx
stands on his head when he looks at the
international situation. ? ? ? The latest of
(his) attacks accuses President Johnson of
carrying out an illegal and immoral Asian
policy "making the United States the world's
leading threat to world peace." This is an
outrageously irrespov?sible statement. It does
violence to the realities, and It certainly
lends more than a little aid and comfort to
the Communist enemy in southeast Asia."
Whether or not the conclusion complained
of by the Star editorialist was warranted, the
Senator's attack on the legality and morality
of the U.S. policy can hardly be called ir-
responsible. Both are open to question.
-The losing war which ?ranee waged to
maintain its Indochina colonies?a war sub-
stantially assisted by the Unitde States at the
end?was brought to an end with the sign-
ing of the Geneva accords in July 1934. What
had been Indochina was divided in four?
Cambodia, Laos, and North and South Viet-
nam_
The United States did not sign. Senator
Moasz says: "It is my view that we did not
sign the Geneva agreements because we did
not intend to go along. We have not gone
along. Therefore we stand here today In this
ugly, Shocking posture of the United States
before the eyes of the world, engaging in
MeNtunium's war in South Vietnam."
It is part of his thesis that, after en-
couraging Prance not to give up the fight,
then sounding out Britain particularly to see
if a joint venture could not be launched to
keep up the war against the Communist
Viet Minh. that John Poster-Dulles, the then
Secretary of State, reluctantly accepted the
work of the Geneva conference and with
reservations.
"Why did not our representatives sign that
treaty?" Senator &loess asks. "Why did not
South Vietnam sign it? I think the answer
is that their refusal to sign it was based on
the fact that the United States had already
decided to step into South Vietnam at least,
and carry on where Prance had left off?to
keep South Vietnam as a Western protector-
ate and toehold in Asia."
Whether or not that, was the intention,
the fact is that while withholdirg its sig-
nature from the accords the United States
issued an indepindent statement to the
effect that it would observe them.
But as early as January 1955, Mr. Dulles
was referring to the Geneva agreements as a
major setback. And even before that, in
September 1954, he had pasted together the
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization as a
response to the new situation in southeast
Asia.
Its members were Australia. Prance. New
Zealand. Pakistan. the Philippines, Thailand,
Britain, and the United States. A prot000l
to the treaty extended to Cambodia. Laos,
and South Vietnam the protection of clause
4, Which says, among other things, that
an attack upon one will be regarded as an
attack upon all.
If is upon this shaky foundation that U.S.
involvement in the fighting in South Viet-
nam rests. Ostensibly, the United States is
there?and has been since 1955?at the re-
quest of South Vietnam to assist it in its
defense against aggression from North Viet-
nam.
What Senator Mosaic says is this: "Today
South Vietnam does not run the war against
the ,guerrillas. She does not make her own
foreign policy or military policy. The United
States does. The US. Air Force is fighting
in South Vietnam. Its planes and men are
providing the air support and air transporta-
tion' for the Government ground forces,
Americans numbering at least 15,000 are
fighting with the ground forces. When they
are -shot at, they shoot back."
Tt.S. participation on this order is not in
keeping with the Geneva accords, article 16
of which says: "With effect from the date of
entry into force of the present agreement,
the introduction into Vietnam of any troop
reinforcements and additional military per-
sonnel is prohibited."
It was in 1957 that the International Con-
trol Commission, composed of Indian, Polish,
and Canadian members, complained of viola-
tions by South Vietnam involving U.S. troops.
The most serious incident involved the in-
troduction of 290 U.S. military personnel into
the country even after the Commission had
said that their entry should be held up by
pending further study by the Commission.
There were complaints of North Vietnamese
violations then and have been since. Sena-
tor Moser accepts that assistance has been
given the Vietcong in the training of men
and the equipping of them?although much
of the Vietcong equipment is American-
made, having been captured?but that what
North Vietnam may have done does not war-
rant the United States matching it.
LEBANON, OREG.,
June 21, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
SENATOR Moans: We are deeply concerned
over the recent decision of the Government
in risking total all-out, hopeless, war in
southeast Asia. Another stalemate like
Korea is all that can be hoped for, in Viet-
nam. land Of political indecision and Com-
munist bounded. Various reports over news-
casts, from time to time, have made known
your fight against this contemplated action.
Keep it up. by all means. The peace of our
Nation and the lives of the young men are
at stake. And if you who represent us do
not cry out against this foolhardy thing, who
can,
We are writing each of our Congressmen
from Oregon. to begin at once, in earnest
to decry this thing that is sweeping our
Nation toward another hopeless conflict.
(Which the Communist world gleefully an-
ticipate. etc.)
Also we have written the editor of the
Oregonian, to urge the readers, to beseech
the President and Congressmen by tele-
gram and letter to protest against the pro-
posed, further intervention in such a hope-
less, far-off war. Also, di a ask the editor
to contact other editors of the Nation for
such an effort, that the voice of the people
might be heard in protest against such fool-
hardiness. Only the united voice of the
people can hope to stem the tide, from all
indications of the rash action being taken by
those in authority. And concern is all but
smothered out, by the complacency and
harangue over the political issues (and can-
didates) of the day, etc.
Therefore, continue to stand strong and
sure for those things which are right and
true regardless of men's words and actions.
? ?
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1964 tO
You have stood, time after 'eine, for the
right, in the face of great opposition, and
many of us have cheered behind the scenes,
and now we want you to know we are behind
your efforts by word and by prayer, and
when our life's work is finished the only
thing that will really count for time and
eternity, is "Have we obeyed and striven to
? do those things, that God hath put into our
hand to do, for His glory and men's good."
As we obey His voice to our hearts day by day,
? "The steps of a good man are ordered of the
Lord," Psalms 3'7: 23 (if that man will hear
and heed). How can they be, if he won't?
We can move by word and deed in the will
and way of the Almighty, and what better
way is there to move? None, I daresay. God
sayS,-Psalm 119: 105: "His word is a lamp
unto our feet and a light unto our path."
Hilt what if we ignore God's lamp and light
uuto men? We do walk in darkness without
-X% help, His guidance, His presence along
? the way. Row well I know, I have walked
both paths. And again, "As many as are led
by the Spirit of God, they are the sons of
God," Roman 8: 14. But if those who bear
' His name (regardless of church affiliation)
neither listen nor pay heed when that Spirit
of the Almighty ("God is a spirit" John 4: 24)
strives to urge and prompt the spirit (or
heart of men) to lead and direct their steps,
their words, their actions, in the best way,
for their good and God's glory, they do not
walk in all the privileges of "sons."
May God bless and direct you day by day,
? is my prayer.
We plan to send the following telegram
to the President, concerning the Vietnam
? issue:
"Mr. PanSIDENT: Do the leaders of this Na-
tion seek another Korea? How foolhardy.
,"Mr. and Mrs. OTIS BEARD."
These words of encouragement to stand
firm and strong, in and with Gods help and
guidance, are from the heart of some friends
of the home State.
God bless you,
Mr. and MTS. OTIS BEARD.
GREEN, RICHARDSON, GREEN &
GRISWOLD,
"N Portland, Oreg., June 21, 1964.
Senator VITAYI,TE L. 1Vloresz,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR WAYNE: Permit me to congratulate
you, on your stand on Vietnam, and also your
stand on the civil rights bill. Keep up the
We enjoy your Washington letter, and
since you have admirers in New Hampshire,
we send copies on to them.
Best regards to you and your family.
B.A.
JUNE 26, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Den; Spisiwroa Monsz: We are business and
'Professional people living in the San "Fran-
toisco Etay area who are deeply concerned
about the critical situation in southeast
Asia. We 'believe that the increasing in-
volvement of 'American -men ari4 _arms is
immoral and is disastrous to world peace and
American prestige.
You are performing the most valuable
kind of service by presenting the unethbel-
lished facts about this ,situation to the
American public. However, there has been
a virtual blackout of your speeches and
statements in all con-unimications media in
this area. -
There are many people in San Francisco
who wiala to be, acquainted with your posi-
tion. We believe tbat a speech delivered by
you personally in San Francisco would be
attended by a 'significantly large audience
and would break the news blackout.
Could you Possibly make room in your
busy schedule to speak on a public platform
GRESSIONAL RECORD? SENATE 15667
In San Francisco, at a time most convenient
to you? Specific arrangements can be made
well in advance for your convenience and
approval.
The deepening crisis in southeast Asia
and its dangerous consequences has
prompted this letter from us. Sponsorship
of the proposed meeting would be by the
undersigned and other interested people.
We are not members of any organized group
but rather individuals of differing political
views who agree that your position on south-
east Asia demands the widest possible
exposure.
Very truly yours,
(For your information, a list of those
whose signatures appear on the preceding
letter:)
Merton Dushkes, northern California man-
ager, Berney Insurance Agency, San Fran-
cisco, Calif.
Hal Dunleavy, prominent California po-
litical pollster and housing consultant, San
Francisco, Calif.
Mel Krantzler, importer, San Francisco,
Calif.
Mara Alexander, director, Actor's Lab
Drama School, San Francisco, Calif.
Victor Honig, certified public accountant,
San Francisco, Calif.
Allen Brotsky, attorney, San Francisco,
Calif.
Morton M. Garfield, physician, San Fran-
cisco, Calif.
Alfred Barauch, electrical engineer, San
Francisco, Calif.
Hans F'eibusch, consulting engineer, San
Francisco, Calif.
Henry Mozesson, insurance broker, San
Francisco, Calif.
Richard Liebes, research director, building
Service, international union (AFL-CIO), San
Francisco, Calif.
L. B. Delaney ,vice president, San Francisco
Carmens Union, Transport ?Workers Union
(AFL-CIO), San Francisco, -Calif.
Sam Pichey, real estate builder and devel-
oper, San Francisco, Calif.
Ralp,h Aron, toy wholesaler, San Francisco,
Calif.
BEACHMONT, MASS.,
July 2, .1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I hope with all my
heart you succeed in your heroic efforts to
prevent escalation of the war in southeast
Asia.
Sincerely,
MAY BRAUDE.
NORTHAMPTON, MASS.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. 'Senate,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I want you to
know that we thoroughly support your pol-
icy of opposing further involvement in south-
east Asia.
I trust you will do all in your power to
bring this most unhappy situation to a close.
Most cordially,
EDWARD J. MAxwzr.,L, M.D.
BROOKLYN, N.Y.,
July 4, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Chambers,
Washington, D.C.
HONORED SIR: I write on our national holi-
day to wish you well on your course. I be-
lieve the policies you espouse in connec-
tion with southeast Asia will keep the peace,
whereas those of the administration will
bring on war, whether by inadvertence or by
design. It seems to me the appointment of
General Taylor will all the more convert the
American troops into the Hessians of Asia.
I admire the force of your statements.
Appreciatively yours,
MURRAY LEWIS.
,
KENDALL PARK, N.J.,
July 5, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: As an old China
hand, formerly on the faculty of West China
Union University, please allow me to con-
gratulate you on your courageous stand con-
cerning Vietnam.
There is no need to go into details. Inde-
pendently I have reached the same con-
clusions.
It is imperative that the Fourteen Power
Conference be reconvened to deal with this
matter.
The refusal thus far to agree to the call-
ing of that conference is in itself an ad-
mission of guilt.
Sincerely yours,
Rev. J. SPENCER KENNARD, Jr.
HASTINGS, N.Y.,
July 3, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: First let me express
my deep gratitude for your outspoken attack
against our role in Vietnam and the recent
appointment of General Taylor.
This is a most frightening situation. I
have urged our friends to write and try to
talk about the truth in this dangerous posi-
tion we hold. However, what more can we
do to stop this threat to the peace.
My young son who has just graduated from
college has gotten many of his schoolmates
to write. I hope the American public will
be aroused and wiU bring the President to
act in behalf of stopping forever involve-
ment and getting out of Vietnam.
Sincerely yours,
ANNE WEEROPOL.
ANN ARBOR, MICH.,
July 1, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington., D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We are proud of you.
Thank you for enunciating our views on Viet-
nam to the American television public. We
hope that the war hysteria that is focusing
on southeast Asia won't prevent you from
continuing your vociferous and courageous
stand.
Sincerely,
DT. and Mrs. STANLEY MOSS.
ORWELL, VT.,
July 2, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We are very much
opposed also, to extending the war in south-
east Asia. We support you in your stand,
along with Senators Amax, PELL, GRUENING,
and BARTLET'T. I hope others soon join you
and that you gain the ear of the State De-
partment and the President in urging them
to begin negotiations to end the war.
Sincerely,
Mr. and MTS. NATHAN SENFT.
CAMBRIDGE, MASS.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I know that you op-
pose any spread of the war in southeast Asia
and t heartily endorse your stand. The war
there is impractical as well as immoral, vic-
tory is impossible, negotiations are the only
solution. Please keep on trying to bring Sec..
retary Rusk back to a saner point of view.
Yours truly,
PRISCELL B. GRACE.
JULY 1, 1964.
NORTH HOLLYWOOD, CALIF.,
June 30, 1964.
The PRESIDENT,
The White House,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. JOHNSON: Speaking for those who
seek honor for their country rather than
vain glory?who assume vigilance of mind
over tyranny?who feel to implant integrity
for temerity into the body of the lawmakers
Is rightful.
We are indeed grateful for the voice of Mr.
WAYNE MORSE, Senator, and are cognizant of
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CONGRESSIONAL .11.ECORD ?SENATE July 9
precarious position In speaking alone for
y?. with honesty and justice his
n _ -
4 itre of .his Moral Collage. his
City, and his attitude in assuming we
re notaki forgotten the qualifying factors
t distinguish men from beasts.
personally am hopeful Senator Moms
speaks long and passionately for the quail-
es we as a nation, had put behind us for
the sale of expediency and self-aggrandize-
May, the blessings of the Spirit who is the
essence of all our .nighest aspirations open
the mind of our HatiOn'a governing body to
beneficence good will, and a tolerance for
political and economic parties not their
Own?for people throughout all history have
chosen (when allowed to choose) that which
is beneficial rather than deleterious to mien-
kind; And even on an individual level?
rough personal selection, we come out more
all the =edit aide ut' the ledger than the
(ebit.
My regards to yourself in allowing the
people to Influence your dictums in what'
is needful to their general and particular
Well being?and let us fervently hope th,i
tst government of tne people, by the people,
and fOr the people, glen not perish from
, the earth'--meither of mold from without
tar decay Lout within,.
-Tours most revectfull,y,
SOL Vac.
- (Copy to Mr. WAYNE MORSE, Senator.)
ZIORMAN, OKLA ,
,Tune 27, 1964.
Senfitor WAYNE Mount.,
&nate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE, MIS IS IO commend
you for suggesting that there should be an
seploration of peaceful alternatives to the
Mulffict in Vietnam. The _xiaks incurred by
asCalating this war far outweigh the risks
of attempting a negotiated settlement.
Truly yours, ?,?
Yidastanym,EIJeaLlanm'
Baoandlist,
June 271984.
?.
Z)EAR SENATOR AYORSE: It has been a revela-
tion ,to all of Us to hear you voice your
opinion against the wasteful and useless
dinney and lives we Are sacrificing in SoUtth
Vietnam.
aneep up The good work,
Truly yours,
'93.31:Yonne and FAMILY.
- a
COMO% N.Y..
-*we 28, 1884.
BEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have been watch-
ing the TV program on Which you are ap-
pealing "Issues and Answers." As a wife and -
Mother, may I say / agree with you, and am
*tinnier' you "peak out. May you continue
to press tor peaceful solutions to our foreign
problems, and to criticize the administra-
tion's talk of war in southeast Asia.
As a New Yorker, I am unable to vote for
but want to let you know you are rep-
ting ns,_ and all thinking, responsible
people.
farteprely,
MARGERY BROWN
.Mrs. Roger Brown,
FAYETTEVILLE, N.C.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator Weans Monss,
Democrat, of Oregon,
U.S. Congress,
Washington, D.C.
Masa SalearORMoass: Let the people speak.
Please print this in CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
at Soon as possible. My son, Jim, went into
iervice June 17, intending to get it over
with, so he could devote himself to a career.
Fate is a hunter, you know. Or, life is a
chessboard, on Which 1atC Mann na, the victories, we fell back upon neutralism. So
pawns, at nebniOns why not neutralism for all southeast Asia,
Adaaningt.hardly inaervice 41361et Airborne rather than insisting they be our satellites?
Unit) a week, my son in now chosen for 005. Camixtdia, in order to get rid of our CIA,
Proud as I =Lot. this, ..yo can appreciate and plots for another rightwing military
its possibilities for placing my son in Mimi- coup, refused to accept any more U.S. aid.
Dent danger, so far aa Vietnara la concerned. So. Instead of aggression against Cambodia
Senator Molten the potential for slaugh- and threatened aggression against North
tar of our fine young men is not only very Vietnam, why not have a Geneva conference
real, but, appears more Imminent every day. to establish neutralism to be safeguarded by
I cannot siesp lately. Being astute and U.N. troops, so our CIA and our American
strongly intuitive, I can only see wanton boys can come home? We are not winning
waste and irreparable loss ahead for parents friends in the Orient by firebombing villages
(if the present administration continues on suspected of harboring a few Vietcong."
the course it's chosen). I concur with you, J. PALM COTTON.
No young man is going to bt called JUNE 29, 1964.
"chicken," so, if he's ordered to V1EEDAm DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have taken the
heal go. quietly, It is time we parents let liberty of quoting you in the attached letter-
the proper authorities know that we did not article to Judd Arnett of the Free Press.
raise our young men to die for the likes of May I also congratulate you on your fear-
such Ai God-forsaken country. Why do we lowness and strength of your convictions.
always jump in. ready to bristle our armor, Sincerely,
and "show our strength" for, any country
that yells (and now, for one who didn't?)
It's sickening.
A mother who lost her only son in Viet-
nam the other day was interviewed on TV
yesterday. Until the day I die, I shall see
her pitiful face with the large, haunted eyes.
I shall hear her ask, over and over again:
"Why? You tell me, why did my son have
to leave the United States, and go to Viet-
nam to die? What good did It c13?" From
her appearance, I do not believe 'he'd slept
nor eaten since. But she'd wept. For
what? The truth was proven in Korea. No
one ever wins a war. The crosses are mute
testimony.
In God's name, tell me what we parents
can do to stem this tide? Had Johnson two
Ana young sons (same age as his girls), I
wonder if he would not listen less to Mc-
Namara and more to his heart? Yes.
I love my son. He has had a tough life
and only lately, after graduation, has Jim
even been able to have a suit, shoes when
he needs them, a little happiness at last.
We parents are not ready to sacrifice our
sone for Vietnam. Please tell me to whom
I can write to get this across? Soon. I'm
a former Oregon constituent of beautiful
Oregon.
Sincerely,
ntuaansTn WILLIAMS.
Wart Tir.scia, FLA.,
June 26, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senator,
Washington, D.C.
DRAR SENATOR MORSE: Mrs. Deming and
heard what you had to say on the Vietnam
situation the other morning and were greatly
Impressed by what you had to say on the
subject. Your vigorous and forthright ap-
proach to this highly dangerous situation is
encouraging. We hope your views prevail
with the administration. We have written
to President Johnson to this effect.
You have plenty of fire and the courage
of your convictions. Power to you.
Sincerely,
Mr. and Mrs. Lune J. Dzmueo.
GENEVA, OHIO,
June 28, 1964.
Hon. Warns MOass,
Senate Office Sultans:,
Washington, D.C.
'DEAR SENATOR MORSE:
you on TV "Issues" very
'former resident of Oregon
The following article of mine appeared in
the Plain Dealer of Cleveland on June I,
1964:
"The rightwing coup in Laos was prob-
ably promoted by the Central Intelligence
Agency, in line with their past policies.
When the Communists retaliated and won
TOM
Jura
MT. JUDD ARNETT.
The Detroit Free Press,
Detroit, Mich.
DEAR Juno: Edwin A. Lahey, in his June 25
headline story in the Free Press said, "At
first it seemed like a political story. Henry
Cabot Lodge was coming home from Sai-
gon ? ? but this is a war story."
And war story it apparently Is?may God
help and forgive us.
Further in his news article, Lahey said,
"Administration leaders for many weeks have
been getting the public ready for the news
that the only way he can avert disaster in
southeast Asia is with a allow of force that
the Communist Chinese will respect.
"This theory, if taken to its next logical
step would escalate the southeast Asia war
to a point where the Chinese themselves
will have to decide whether they want to
take on the United States in another
Korean-type action."
Now. what is unsaid but follows as in-
evitably as death follows war, is that the
escalated war to avert what they call dis-
aster in Vietnam will bring heartbreaking
disaster to thousands and thousands of
American homes through lost, killed, and
maimed American sons. What 'about that
disaster? It's great to talk abont saving
Vietnamese but someone neglects to tell us
that In the saving we sacrifice thousands
of our own sons. fighting a war far a people
who don't seem willing to light their own
and in a country so far away the average
American doesn't know where to look for
it on the map.
The people of the country never wanted
any one of the last three wars we have had
and they don't want this one. Then who
does?
RISER.
26,
1964.
It seems Mr. Johnson, Mr. McNamara, and
Mr. Rusk are credited officially with the
decision and behind it all is the soporific
reason "to save face." and "give freedom to
the Vietnamese". Poppycock.
If it costs the life of your son or mine it
Is not worth it. If the Vietnamese want
aoramprtism let 'em have it. If they don't
want it, let them fight against it. It looks
like in all these situations a majority want
what they get and we are siding with a mi-
marity. I'm sure that if a majority of any
nation didn't want communism, they will
eventually rebel and overthrow it just as did
enjoyt d hearing our small rebellious colonies with England.
much. I am a The principles are the same today, only the
tools of war have changed. If we could and
did do it with England, Vietnam can do it
with communism if the majority want to
desperately enough. If they don't, to hell
with it?don't send my son to do it for them.
I'm positive 99 percent of all American par-
ents and perhaps an equal percentage of
eligible draftees feel we have too many sol-
.
?
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,
1904 tGESSIONAL RECO
dler gra.--YeS in foreign 'lands Micr too nitinY keep- 41.11-etIn puhc because of the chaii-
Veterans HoSpitala -here filled- With -broken --vifilatie trend-of sentiment in the country.
Minds' and hogesfrom foreign edfiflietS:- I assure you that I know many people even
We -Y,tarit opy WAYNE Mba -11.6ke- in California- Who view the trend of
have the courageto peak out and developments in Vietnam with dismay
- ? In ifeing "sO he "iii?eakS for millions. to said- Am I not -correet in thinking that Gen-
of, the. Vietrian-,i, affair,' as reported 'in Mr. Oral-MaaArthar Vii-wed our entry into a. war
Lahey'S United Stateala-liead;: on the Mainland of Aga With grave mis-
ad for War in-ASIO, and will bo hated 'for the giVizigg?'' Should not his name be invoked
next. 5,00 . Yeats -by the majority of mankind." in the present circumstances? Surely he
" 'MoRsE WEI: the Senate that this Country knew' more about that situation than (say)
"will g.o down iiihistory as the nationehleily Senator GOLDWATER.
-ripthteThle for Senttlingthattliftedllatioria." An. English observer of the United States-
said he,m_d acNariiat*-A*1 Taylor at the once observed that we have the illusion of
edfilinittcahriefing that they had convinced omnipbtenee. He was quite right about this.
NM that "the greatest threat to peace in the Anyone who knows anything about history
world is the United Statea."knows that such, an illusiffin gets a country
-1-1f-the officialsof _WS Nation -need-their into very -serious trouble.
'lace safecl"in,ietriam or anywhere else, let , Thank you for speaking out courageously
them - Saye, by Some Other I:dear:a-than war and Intelligently.
and -the Waste of yonrig American Il,es One Sincerely,
tivay inighthe ai Suggeateiri5Y 2i1C-Reinarque WALTER B. SMITH.
' fri--'!Ail quiet Ori 'the Western front put---
the--?,offratals who want War in a ring With , _ ENCINITAS? CALTF.,
the -Communist officials and let them :Scrap 'June 30, 1964.
'It Out. r doubt it. Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
_ ,
"c' very truly, Senator, Washington, D.C.
PgAll SENATOR 1,14011SE:. We saw and heard
yOu en 'television "Issues and Answers," and
Arils! Aapa MIcH I.behave you _presented the most sane and
? Iund 0,-1904. intelligent ideas we have heard. Please try
DEAR SENATOR Mortsi: I wish to commend to influence others in Government in the
? you for your forthright statements on Viet- direction of peaceful attempts at resolving
nam and Taos. Having viewed "Issues and disputes. I hope you receive a letter from
Answers!! this afternoon, I found your Cern- every 'Citizen in America.
MeritS refreshing and helpful. You have Ob- Very truly yours,
viously studied the problem thoroughly and Mrs. OAKES.
tt,r0 StandingibY-:your _conclusions. To 'find a
? Man of your courage and convictions 16 rare
in these nays of wishy-washy thinking and
MINNEAPOLIS, MINN.,
June 30, 1964.
talking. I salute you, Senator. _ , Senator WAYNE MORSE,
. . .
il era also writing Senator HART, my Sen.' Washington, .13.C.
--Ettor, this evening to ask if he will not join 'DEAR SENATOR: I agree with you that we
yet in your efforts to prod the administra. 'Should get out of Vietnam. We had no busi-
tion into recognizing their United Nation's ness there in the first place.
- , . _._ . . _ ,,,.,
coittritments=tp, stop this wa _ste of human. Yours truly,
life. We, a nation of peace, should nOt be C. E. HOIGAARD.
-
setting a bad example all over the, globe, _
billions for arms and, other instinMentS Of ...GATES MILLS, OHIO,
Vttr; we should be leading a peace race and June 29, 1964.
the place to staff' is the U.N. Senator WAYNE MORSE,
-'As a concerned citizen, mother' of two Senate' Office Building;
young boys, and eager to be of help, please Washington, D.C.
. .
let me know if r can be of assistance.:_ to you DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We write in somber
in your quest for peace. I remain, , appreciation of the position you have taken
Your admirer, , against the unwise and dangerously immoral
- . NANCY K. NyEssrga?, belligerence of our Government in south-
- _, ? ? eaat ,Apia?. ' We trust this will., help to con-
1405. ANGELES. CALIF., vince you that commonsense and common
? -,4-, , --',' 44ne 19, 1964. Morality are not so unpopular in the couri-
-Senator WAYNE MORSE try at large as they are among high officials
WaRqn_gtort, D.C. -arid the news media. /n spite of the formid-
OEAR SANATon.Jvipu,...;;Again I must thank 'able apparatus of opposition and informal
You for your splendid Wrsdoni and -C-Ourager-C-ensbr-ShIp we entreat you to continue speak=
in speaking out agaffist- Onr insane-p-Olicy, 'Ing your mind and ours on an issue of life
in southeast Asia, Igi,f,give strength to the_ arid death to so many Vietnamese and Amer-
American people who are, as you say, delib- leans and possibly most of the world.
erately kept in-l-noranCe"-ai to the terribly Sincerely,
dangerous action, 'which involves the perilof - Mr. and Mrs. ROBERT ZEVIN,
ianclear war, that the United States is carry- (Copy to Senator STEPHEN YOUNG.)
, .....? ,,,.. ,
' Jrng on. i urge you to continue to oppose the ?
Madness -0 ourpoyernment, TX wotdd znyeh _ inaa,,,SEINTAToa MORSE: As you can see, this
appreciate a,eoP_Y qYaur*st speech.,. is a fan letter. May God Bless your honest
- . Tours aik 04
truly, efforts on our behalf:
,
, ,,,.. , --,-.1,'lk. -- X. 10,. "JUNE 24 1964.
CiAaimoicr s, Col...1,731r, "Editorial Department, ' '
. Claren,tont, CaZiJ...iitne 3_0,, 1964., "Portland, Oreg.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE? , "SIRS: In answer to your request for its
From Oregon,' . tener reaction to your "editorial" against
. . , _ . - .. .
Washington, p.qi , Senator WAxwx, 1VloasE, may I say that I
MX.,, Og!%11 ?_g1141:011_* ,,N
,14,:_,X,yrtO? tell disagree completely. You abuse him be-
yon how much I admire you for your wise cause he speaks out clearly on our foreign
and statesman4e remarks about, the? ,pend- policies even when his -views have to be
Ing war in Vietnam which I heard you make _critical. You suggest that he ought to tend
- -Over tile, yagio aljew_days ago. you seem to to strictly Oregon State affairs?such as the
be one, of the few _people who talks sense_ Dupes bill, etc. _Surely you cannot believe
abOlit th.15,744.tt0; or,Are_there irianY_PeOpie that Oregonians would have elected him as
in Washington who talk sense privately but often as they have if they were not con-
15669
vinced- t at fie serves them well. I love
those chines and all the rest of the scenic
wonders of Oregon ancFwant them preserved
for all to enjoy. But I also care very much
that America is, by pursuing this cruel,
ifiogical arid illegarwar hi -Vietnam, losing
the respeCt and trust of the world's people,
as well as recklessy inviting destruction of
the whole world, as we know it now. Ad-
mitting that there is no easy pat solution
to the problems, it seems inexcusable that
we hive not brought the whole matter into
the United Nations long ago. It would have
been embarrassing to disclose just how
wrong and blind we had been in supporting
Diem's every action. We desperately need
to hold up a full length mirror to our policy
in Vietnam, accept the ugry truths it would
disclose, and set about remedying them as
would befit an enlightened government.
"Sincerely,
"Caroline Schnoor
? "Mrs. CAROLINE A. SCHNOOR.
"PORTLAND, OREG."
P.5.?I watched the "Today" show where
yod spoke; was, of course,--in agreement and
amazed that Senator CHURCH, ? of Idaho,
who was to have taken the so-called oppo-
site view did not do fib. However, Ray
Shearer told Senator CHURCH that you had
called President Johnson a warmonger. I
did not hear you say that and if you did not
perhaps you should advise Ray Shearer to
rerun the tape and find out what you did
say. Senator CEroRmr actually brought out
very clearly that Asians would unite against
us if this Government did try all-out war
in Vietnam.
RUTLAND, VT.,
June 30, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: I have just read in a Cana-
dian newspaper that you said in a recent
speeJa that the greatest threat to peace with
the resulting possibility of bringing about a
third world war in the world is the United
States.
I agree with you 100 percent. I note that
none of the 'U.S. newspapers I read are
reporting truthfully this fact to the peo-
ple. They aren't telling the people how this
could be prevented.
_Yours truly,
IRVING H. REYNOLDS.
STATE COLLEGE, PA.,
June 29, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senator from Oregon,
Senate Office Building, Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: This continues my
expression of appreciation and thanks for
your efforts to have the Vietnam situation
handled by a United Nations deliberation
and possible presence of some kind. I wrote
you longhand on the 26th, on hearing part
of the interview by NBC with Senator
CHURCH to follow up your presentation the
day before.
--After reading the various insertions and
speeches in CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for the
23d, the 25th, and 26th, I decided that a
letter to NBC to include suggestion that
-'"Eriore views be given how to get the United
Nations into the scene might be in order.
I enclose copy of my letter to let your office
know that at least one person is asking for
more TV appearances to get this U.N. idea
out in the open.
I do think that it is alarming to read, as
you pointed out in your remarks, page 14301
in RECORD of the 230, that after Senator
CHURCH'S convincing speech on the United
Nations, his views that It should be used
in Vietnam situation, then that a series of
Senators gave _general tones of favor for the
United Nations but then went on to hold
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feat to a decision being made by the admin-
istration by other advice, It seems.
The tone of the NBC interview in asking
about possihie use of U.N. was perhaps sin-
cere:lout It had the air of skepticism which
Z would prefer left out of an objective search
fig views frotn the guest. You are up to
riteeting thfs maid; T wish you continued
effort and more appearances.
Sincerely yours.
Mamie W. HUMPHREY.
13Te1's COLLEGE, DA.,,
June 29, 1964.
Mr. AL MORGAN,
Producer of "Today" Show,
National Broadcasting Co.,
New York.
Demi Ma. Moliatle; The 'Today" show on
is to be congratulated on seeking out
last week the views ofT two Senators on what
moat of us agree la ii'topic of highest con-
cern to the peace ot -the world?our policy
In Asia. Senator Motes on Thursday, the
26th of June an4 Secnator Cireacir on the
next day, Friday, the 26th combined to bring
before your vast audience some of the issues
and the concerti folieT each hold for efforts
before the "United Notions to bring about
peaceful solutions.
This kind of attention to issues of the day
Which has been heightened, It seems to me.
In recent weeks, is good for the viewer's ad-
vantage in watching the "Today" show.
I trust that the steeniingly critical note in
tome remarks in tDe course of interview with
Senator Citinicst, charged to Senator Molise
(per his entry in the Coricnizseumeat, RECORD,
page 14714, of 'Tune 26) will be corrected in
some subsequent-statement. I had taped
most of Senator Wise's interview and on
playing it back / could not detect any basis
for criticism of 'President Johnson as a "war-
monger". Yet in lisabing to the interview
With Senator Cuoilettrhave the impression
that some such fro'plfeation was unhappily
leaven. We are all "aware' that Senator Moms
in his entries in the vaird,ossIONAL RECORD
has confined himself to views and opinions;
similarly Senator-Mir:facia in Vs address on
the United Nations On June 22, 1964, gave
truch a detailed exialys 'debts views in reas-
oning for More Visa Of 11.N. peacekeeping
machinery of the '0*.N. (especially column 2
of page 14290, June 23) that many viewers
might wish more- eitanded time on TV by
these two Senetois who to the reader might
teem gond choicei 'for more explanations to
American audience 0 the possible advan-
tages of use of the United Nations.
We hope that "TocaY" show will continue
to try to give its 'citile attention to the ef-
fees toward use Of United Nations for peace-
keeping authority and influence.
Sincerely.
IstaawiN W. HUMPHREY.
Cnecizikerf, OHIO, June 29, 1964.
Hon. 'Armful Moesz,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR WENATOR MORSE: Congratulations On
your Magnificent TO talk of June 28.
Would that other respected and influential
Government officials would have the cour-
age to bring' the true state of affairs to the
people. Neither do most of our newspapers
live up to their obligation to inform the
public by printing any background news
such as, the why and how of happenings.
For several years such magazines as the New
Republic, Christian Century, Progressive,
and even 'Newsweek have said that we have
no business to be in Vietnani and that
we were in violation of the 1964 Geneva
agreement. But since a very small seg-
MeUt of the people- read these magazines
they were voices crying in the wilderness,
I'm afraid. Bo; am hopeful that your TV
Interview, was seen by a great part of
"thoughtful Americans and that it will in-
spire and encourage other like minded per-
sons to protest our present foreign policy.
I am writing about this to the President and
the State Department. As i registered Re-
publican (who finds it more ffiffcult each
election to find a worthwhile Republican to
vote for) / want to say that I am thankful
that you and others such as Senators HUM-
POLBRIGHT, and liiismarreLe have the
mental honesty and the courage to criticize
our Government's actions when necessary
and the wisdom to present : alternative ac-
tions.
Sincerely yours,
HELEN S. MONCE
Mrs. H. 3 Monce.
FALLS CHURCH, VA.,
June 29, 1964.
Desa Sm: / agree with you and Senator
PULSRIGHT'S foreign policy views 100 percent.
I admire you so because you're triofriiirtspo-
ken and not afraid to put your political fu-
ture on the line and speak out regardless of
vote (not many Senators dare do this). I'm
not from Oregon but you would make a great
President of the United States. You are too
sophisticated for the average American. Ore-
gonians know and vote for a great man like
you.
Lou DORIAN.
P.S.?Our baby wrote on card, too.
SHREVEPORT, LA.,
June 28, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR Monet: Listened to your in-
terview tonight on "Issues and Answers" and
was extremely pleased and enlightened by
your analysis of the problem and with your
solution. As you may well imagine such
a philosophy as yours Is very unpopular in
the Shreveport area, and, for that matter
throughout most of the South. but that's just
the object of my card. For the first time to-
night I've heard an intelligent discussion of
the situation and a well-thought-out and
far-reaching plan for the eventual easing of
tension and a return of the Government to
the hands of the South Vietnamese. I know
you'll continue to speak your mind on this
vital issue and I just couldn't let this op-
portunity pass without adding what small
encouragement I can.
Very truly yours.
B. SHAW.
Wiroarnee, Maw,
ifune 30, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR Mows: This one American
who agrees with you, and wholly. As you
said Sunday, we usually assume a superior
position that allows us the use of the prin-
ciple of any vile, dishonest, corrupt, or atro-
cious means are permitted us so long as we
can attain our ends. Few know that the
opponents of Vietnam. and others, are na-
tives, not aliens, lighting for what they think
best. Yew have any 'foresight at all and so
cannot see the Ill feelings, hopes for ven-
-geance, retaliation, etc., in store for us. We
would fight like mad, hate, if anyone put his
foot into our business. No one knows or
sees that the Communist nations change
their policies faster through experience than
war.
Sincerely.
DOROTHY REBENTISCH.
PENFIELD, N.T.,
June 25, 1964.
Dana Ste: I heard you today on "Today"
show. Keep fighting to get our boys out
of Vietnam. Laos; Korea. Let's work to keep
, this land of ours salt Is, I'm for helping them
with supplies to do their fighting with, but
not our boys. Our boys belong here at home
with their families and parents.
I beIleve Tohnson will not remain Presi-
dent long if he makes this war a general war.
He should be made to lay It before the Unit-
ed Nations. I hope by your time spent On
July 9
the "Today" show will rouse up millions and
millions of Americans. When Judgment Day
mine how will our President justfy his
sending our boys to their deaths and Harry
Truman for the war in Korea. How can he
jtuafy for the many he sent to die in Korea.
But at least he as you said turned it over to
the 11.141'. Today our President told of send-
ing 500 more guerrilla fighters. But he
should know as you and I know a guerrilla
war they are experts at that type of fighting
over there. This type of warfare is extremely
difficult to win and even if it was won where
wohld it leave us if Johnson pushes us into
full scale war. If he is prepared to face our
people, the parents of our men and explain
to them why he made us face the loss of per-
haps 50,000 to 100,000 of our young men plus
the enormous east to our Nation not only
In lives but money. It would also mean a
loss of face for us before the rest of the world,
then how do we know Red China may not
feel there Is nothing to lose in even a more
direct challenge to America? We Americans
may soon find we are faced or must make a
drastic decision on Vietnam, and we better
get used to it or toughen our thinking. Our
efforts to train and aid them has brought no
decisive results.
Mrs. Josue HERMENET,
An Invalid Mother and Grandmother.
PONTIAC, Mien.,
June 29, 1964.
DEAR Sim: Please let me congratulate you
on your Vietnam stand as I watched on
"Issues and Answers." Sunday on TV.
Sincerely, all the best wishes in the world.
Mrs. MARIE EVANS.
DALLAS, TEE.,
June 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: We heard your TV interview
Sunday. and agree with you wholeheartedly.
In fact, President Johnson has just lost my
vote, because I certainly would not vote for
GOLDWATER, and because President Johnson
Is talking war. Because both President
Johnson anud ex-President Kennedy are not
stopping this Government interference into
the States. Governor Scranton will get my
vote.
The colored race should be given an edu-
cation. You can only force education, reli-
gion, etc.. just so far. They can be given
the opportunities to learn, and should have
them?but let them go from there. I am not
with the Council of Churches, and many of
our ministers are not, either. You cannot
force me to like my neighbor. I must want
to. You cannot make a student do anything
but obey the laws of the school, but cannot
force them to go to a library to learn more.
There must be a line drawn.
Our Government, our schools, and our
churches must have laws. But they must
only go so far. The people revolt?a natural
thing.
One the other hand, the Negroes must be
made to understand, and should be made
to understand (instead of giving into them)
that the white race came up to where we are
by hard work?by education?nothing has
been given to us except our heritage from our
ancestors: Now, they want it handed to them.
Let them make it?instead of all this
hullaballoo that is going on, dangerous as it
may become?start working. Our working
Negroes are not in this line of march.
I blame the white people for what they are
doing too. All of this force is no good?it will
explode some place. I think what may hap-
pen down here is the fact that some busi-
nesses will be forced to close. We have some
eating establishments that have hostesses?
they will seat the colored, to be sure when it
Is law, If It is law?but where they want them
to be seated. Education?both church and
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"iehopl?shoidd 'be, given them, but nothing
else. And this iSthe opinion Of the Majority.
2[o American wants to hear anything about
War.' President JohnSon should be patient
and Work f Or piece?War out cif-the citation. "
h 'id be -frien-cle and inffileno-
, - _ _
ize:tieop,le' all Over the World: Anierica
doesn't"- need : to be divided amongst its
Whites?it !s?thank a to the Herinedys: Be
will 'find that no one is behind him even tak-
ing a'risk Of W'at.' Win the people over, all
over the World,- and if that cannot be done,
rt tliefri-lese their freedom. Of course, at-
tention at .shefild -Caine ftrat:
AMericalie are SO cer-
-fain theyrdo not stOP to write but we are not
behind Preindent Johnson in Many things.
- Therefore, my vote is going to Governer
Scrariten, if he can get elected. I think
Texans will Vhow much they are against
Golinv-4Za,-If at the coining convention Go'v
arrini teranton can-inake it, this lite date.
-*Medea ?rniqt have a 'Man Is the White
Ho-use Who respects State's rights-. MY great-
gregtgreat-giandfather left Virginia for
rl'enneseee, for the 'unknown lands, to have
'.freedOrn,of religion and be free Of England's
rifle. That is what has been handed to us?
we have worked for the rest. We Must
keep it.
? Sincerely,
-,Mrs. W. H
binkman, Hinsdale, Ili., is
. working hard for this constitutional free-
doin.
1/4, NEW YORK CITY,
, June ,28, 1964.
SENATOR MORSE: This looked like
soniething you should have arid should share'
With Senator GRI/ENING. -Should even insert
- It Ip the: 'CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.
;? McNamara's war is Johnson's war now and
the idiocy is incurable.
, liORACE CASSELBERRY.
P.,?The "power of the idea Whose -time
lias.come" is "light years" beyond the com-
prehension of these idiots.
SINCE WHEN WAS DYING FINE?
By Henry J. Taylor)
"I think the military situation is coming
along fine now," U.S. Gen. Paul D. 'Harkins
,stateid. June ,22 on his return to Wa_ahingtOn
.from command in South Vietnam, ThA,3570
,apostasy, tragic to observe:
` rine. That's Defense 'Secretary Robert S.
McNamara's line, And it's utterly heart-
breaking to sec a distinguished Officer ied-
,dling that kind of pap under Mcgainara's
Cerifiering eye. God help us. This-is what
happened to the prewar armed forces in
-Prance -
Any of 'about 16,960' AinerianS-in SOuth
-VietnaM could ten': YOU- hO.W-' fine the eitiia-
tion is OM* entire position is j t
'drawn ent Bay of pigs allover again.
In another _penSe-,-,-an_ even, MOM baSle
sense?the truth about a war ijnc
to a soldier unde the Suri,thereiir anyWh
rere,
ever.
Its easy to-eOniiise morate igfih
zght. _I've never known `Orie-i-Oldierifc
thousand Who Wants40 dint. 'TvfOiffigh116r
. , _ ?
a ,dozen other ,rensPixa Q;),1n./.? , o
no, not that one:
Along with hunger, fearis a universal emo-
tion. t has riothIng to do with bravery.
Anybody with any sense is afraid: "
Pine? Nothing'efine. when. you're getting
shot at.
Nothin's finevilien, you itarfto count the
missing and th and y
-hoW it eOni-4'14i3,i1 ihat
of them is not
You. ? '
,
IsTothing's 'fine when the roadhlows up arid
your eyes go, blind because something
smashed them closed. you're afraid -to-, open
them, because you may not be able to see.
_
Or its pitch dark anyway and your face?
do you still have a face??is fiat down in the
mud.
Nothing's fine when you hear a sharp, hard
"ping"?a single shot?and you feel the man
next to you in a jeep or helicopter suddenly
strain his body against yours. A moment
ago he was your friend. Now he is dead.
He is lost, to everyone who loved him, and
to the world. He will never see morning
again, write a letter or sing a song. He has
no hope and any hope of this world in him
is gone forever.
It's easy to discuss the problem of war?
in South Vietnam, Laos, anywhere. But this
is different and it is the essence of war.
One man. Men in their prime, dying one by
one.
General Eisenhower once said in a letter to
Ernie Pyle: "/ get so eternally tired of the
general lack of understanding of what the
frontline soldier endures?the acceptance of
unendurable conditions?that I become com-
Pletely inarticulate."
Or listen to Ernie Pyle himself.
We were in Italy. An infantry column was
coming out of battle. All ranks were 50 feet
apart, for disPersal. So were Ernie and I.
The wounded were lying with the dead be-
cause the Germans had shot our litter
bearers when they stood up and walked over
to get them. That night this is what Ernie
wrote:
"The line moves on but it never ends. All
afternoon men kept coining around the hill
and vanishing eventually over the horizon.
There is agony in your heart. The sag of
their bodies speaks their inhuman exhaus-
tion. They're Just guys from Brooklyn and
Main Street, but you wouldn't remember
them if you saw them. Their world can
rieVer be known to you."
Each day in South Vietnam armed Amer-
leans die quietly, tragically, unknowingly,
obediently.
Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, who personally
takes over in South Vietnam now, recently
admitted to the Armed Forces subcommit-
? tee that we control nothing there.
Fine? As at the Bay of Pigs and the give-
away of Laos, the United States is defeated
again.' But not a noisy debacle, mind you,
nothing noisily noticeable. General Taylor's
task is to see that the collapse stops short of
that.
On June 24 able Washington insider James
Reston wrote in the New York Times: "This
administration is not prepared to accept any
spectacular defeat in South Vietnam, par-
ticularly in an election year."
In short, Americans are just to die quietly,
tragically, unknowingly, obediently?while
nobody rocks the political boat until No-
vember.
sn t there anything?anything, anything,
anything?that can bring conscience into
politics?
GOLETA, CAL/F.,
- June 24, 1964.
Senator THOMAS KUCHEL,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR KUCHEL : Senator WAYNE
MORSE, of Oregon, is reported in today's news-
papers as saying that there is no justifica-
tion for the U.S. course in Vietnam, and that
the only way a major war can be averted is
for the American people to stop it.
I agree with Senator MORSE. I agree also
when he says that the greatest threat to the
peace of the world is the United States.
-U.S. military action in any part of Asia is
inexcusable. We have here on our own con-
tinent problems of greater magnitude when
.it comes to matters of social justice and
_malignant behavior.
I am requesting that you support Senator
MORSE and oppose escalation of U.S. military
action in Asia. The situation in South Viet- _
nam?and other areas of southeast Asia?
shoUld indeed be put before the United Na-
tions.
Very truly yours,
L. A. LAUER.
SEATTLE, WASH.,
June 30, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have followed your
speeches in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD with
great interest and heartily agree with you
and your colleagues who are opposed to the
dangerous American adventure in South Viet-
nam and now in Laos.
It is appalling that the adminisiration is
supporting a government that does not have
the backing of its people and steadily moving
toward a potential world war.
Even worse is the virtual blackout in our
press of views such as yours. If more Ameri-
cans have access to the facts as raised by you
there would be more opposition.
I would appreciate receiving copies of your
speeches so that I could inform others.
Your courage is commendable.
Sincerely,
LYLE MERCER.
ANAHEIM, CALIF.,
June 27, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
? DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Amen, and amen to
what you said a couple of mornings ago over
the TV program, "Today," relative to Viet-
nam, and relative to the United States func-
tioning through the United Nations.
Thank you for speaking for many fellow
citizens, among whom I am one.
God sustain you, in your forthright words,
and your forthright deeds.
Sincerely and respectfully,
ARTHUR M. STEVENSON.
BROOKVILLE, OHIO,
June 30, 1964.
HOU. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D .0 .
DEAR Sm: Someone should tell you, I think,
that your views as expressed on the "Issues
and Answers" program on TV Sunday, June
28, were very much appreciated.
As you suggested?if we keep on moving
down the blind alley that we are in now
there may not be much to boast about after
the smoke clears away.
While to be sure I don't want Russia arm-
ing Cuba against us as they were doing at
the time of the "missile crisis" it sure still
beats the ham out of me to figure out how we
could justify the bellowing we did at that
time when we just stop to consider that we
had men and military supplies in many
areas of the Far East for years before Russia
slipped into our hemisphere.
As you said Sunday, war and especially
nuclear war is unthinkable as a sensible
means of settling disputes. Let pride be
damned if it must but there is just no sense
in saving face at the reckless expense of a
ruined future for millions of people includ-
ing ourselves quite likely. My mother had
four sons and one daughter and ended up
with five of us in the armed services at one
time or another and I'm telling you that if
I feel any more secure today than I did be-
fore the first one of us went, it is simply
because I've learned not to let the state of
international affairs worry me so much as it
once did. All our armed might, mighty as
it is, has merely, so far as I'm concerned,
made our problems greater instead of our
world safer.
Incidentally, wouldn't that BARRY GOLD-
WATER be a reckless reuben in case he should
get charge of things in an emergency? I
really believe he stands out as a freedom
? smasher.
Mr, MORSE, I hope I haven't been too dis-
tasteful for your digestion and may God
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make this country a real shining light in the
world as I once thought we were meant to
be.
Sincerely yours,
Ross MONTGODIZRY,
LA MIRADA, CALM.,
Tune 28, 1964.
Senator Warns Mass,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Smspaolt: Thank you for your
thoughtful and courageous talk on "Issues
and Answers." We wholeheartedly agree.
The United Nations ilnot be the peacekeep-
ing force in the world and the United States
Must live tip to Its charter.
Respectfully yours.
D. D. KELLOGG.
G. PEARL KELLOGG.
SEATTLE, WASH.,
June 28, 1964.
The Honorable Warns Moass,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Dear SENATOR From's; I heartily agree with
you in regard to our present policy in Viet
-
I have asked the HOIable hdlat E. Steven-
son Why the United States is going it alone
in South Vietoarn, why a UN. force Isn't
there, but have not had a satisfactory reply.
Also, what has happened to SEATO?
/ am extremely worried that the war in
Vietnam may lead to World War HI. God
'forbid,
How can ths United States glibly talk peace
while spending enormous amounts of money
for arms and interfering in civil wars?
I object having my tax dollars (I'm ea and
would like to aentiretire) handed out to
South Vietnam nr any other country where
we have no right to be. My heart aches for
the poor Vietnamese Who have endured un-
told suffering for so Many years. How heart-
less can we get?
I am proud of you, Senator MORSE, and
agree with your statement to the Senate
"that this country will go down in history
as the nation claiefly responsible for scuttling
the United 'Nations"- It appears our faith
In the TIN. is badly shaken.
Do you sUppOss that one of these days
before it's too late that others in Washington
Will come to their sew' es/ Or, are they en-
joying the cold war and interfering in the
self determination of,nther peoples?
Thank you for your cOurage. My hope
and prayer is that soon others will join you
in protesting the continuation of the war
in Vietnam. Its ant Men who are losing
their lives needlessly.
Raspectfiilly,
MRS. MARY O'NEILL Haves.
P.S.?I saw you on "Issues and Answers"
Sunday and you were great.
SAM FRANCISCO, Catty.,
June 28 1964.
Senator Warne Mona,
U.S. Senate.
33sA,a Bak raToa MORSE: As an American, and
a concerned supporter of the United Na-
tions I wish to state my agreement with
your views on Vietnam as stated on ABC's
Sunday program "Issues and Answers." This
agreement also stands for your views on
Laos.
I am not an Oregonian, but were I a con-
stituent of yours I would proudly wear a
Wavris MORSE campaign baton. Good luck
to you and the Democratic Party from an-
other reconstructed Republican. My wife,
4pparently somewhat brighter than both you
And has been an intelligent, loyal Democrat
since her first vote, and sends her greetings.
Sincerely.
MICHAEL E. Gaonszy.
PALM SPRINGS, CAL/P.,
:tine 30, 1964.
Senator Moass,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR 'SENATOR: I am inclined to support
you in your attitude of the policy toward
southeast Asia.
/ am inclined to fear any nation that is
All powerful, and that includes our own.
I fear a "prevention" war toward Red
China on a national policy Under the guise
of a forced peace.
"Peace" yes?but "peace on our terms"
could lead to war with a nation such as Red
China. We felt we were entering on her
internal affairs.
You have a tough job in combating the
Pentagon-Industrial complex.
Sincerely,
- LA McCisasinear.
Sr. Louis, Mo.,
June 29, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR Mons's: Your appearance on
TV was very enlightening to me, as I had
not understood what was going on in Laos,
and / only wish that the administration
would take as sensible an. attitude. The
American people actually are not given much
information as to what choices are possible
in such situations. Our leaders make the
decisions without consulting the people, al-
though this Is supposed to be a democracy.
We do not have any more genuine leader
In public life today than you have proved
yourself to be over a considerable period of
years.
SPENCER WILLIAMS.
Wasatnoion, D.C.,
'lune 30, 1964,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Mons: I had the good for-
tune of being present in the Senate gallery
on June 29 when you made your speech
criticizing the U.S. foreign policy of military
intervention in southeast Asia. I applaud
both your stand against the United States
policy in Vietnam and your suggestion for
the establishment in troubled areas of a
peace force under the direction of the
United Nations.
A specific issue which I as a professional
botanist am concerned about Is the we by
the United States of chemical defoliants on
the Vietnam flora. Use of chemical defoli-
ants is a form of CBE warfare which we (the
United States) categorically deny using. I
suppose it is argued that economic, crops are
not sprayed and therefore the people are not
affected. Nevertheless severe damage to the
local flora will quickly lead to an imbalance
in both plant and animal communities and
eventually will have a direet affect on the
inhabitants. The ultimate magnitude of the
destruction of such a defoliation program
cannot be Imagined.
The responsibility that you show by mak-
ing public the important lame of the mili-
tary situation In southeast Asia is greatly
needed. I can only hope that other ears
were tuned to your speech.
Sincerely,
PETER K. HEELER, Ph. D.
LOS Amines, Caste.,
June 29, 1964.
Senator Warns MORSE.
Senate Office Building,
Washington,D.C.
Dias Smarms Moass: May I commend your
courage in speaking out against our involve-
ment in South Vietnam.
If. Indeed, intervention is necessary, I be-
lieve it should be -handled through the
United Mations.
July 9
It frightens me to know that Mr. Lodge
Is being replaced by a general; this seems to
indicate to me that we are heading toward
a full-scale war.
It is my hope that enough thinking people
will seek a more peaceful solution in these
troubled areas.
Please keep your voice heard, Mr. Mons's;
many of us are listening.
With every good wish from myself and our
many friends.
Sincerely.
EDITH WILLINS.
MESA, AR7.Z.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C. _-
DEAR MR. MORSE: I just listened to "Issues
and Answers" and was so pleased with your
answers. Surely we do not want war in Asia,
and for a long time I have wondered why this
had not been taken to the United Nations.
Have not liked the way Mr. McNamara has
taken over. He is apparently so sure of him-
self. Is there any way to change the Presi-
dent's attitude, so that a peacemaking force
conld take over?
Have long admired your stand.
HELENA SANDERSON.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 30, 1964.
Se11010T WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senator, Oregon,
The U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I can't tell you how
pleased my wife and / were regarding your
stand on the problems confronting this coun-
try in southeast Asia and it existing war.
We were glad that through the "Today" TV
show, you were able to reach many con-
cerned, though confused Americans: con-
fused by the press, concerned with the peace
of the world.
Please continue your peaceful fight to keep
America informed, uphold the UN., and
.maintain the peace. War is very unpopular
to sensible people.
My best wtshes.
Sincerely,
STEVE WEISS.
PROVIDENCE, R.I.,
June 29, 1964.
SeDDIOE WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I listened to the
interview with you on "Issues and Answers"
program yesterday, and I want to commend
you on the stand you took of the United
States-Vietnam situation.
It Is heartening to find someone with the
courage to speak out in opposition to the
stand being taken by some of his own coun-
trymen in places of power?especially since
this in the United States at present might
be construed as being on the side of the
Communists.
I feel your views make sense and are in
line with principle. I thank you for ex-
pressing them so well and I pray our fellow
countrymen will pay heed to them.
Yours respectfully,
Mrs. GRACE LAMB.
HONOLULU, HAWAII,
June 27, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Congratulations on
yotir forthright stand against aggressive U.S.
policies in southeast Asia. Urge you and
colleagues of similar mind to continue to
press for peaceful rather than military solu-
tion. We have no right to be there.
Sincerely,
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?Town M. KELLY.
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1064.
Senator WAYgE MORSE,
Senate Office 'Building;
Washington, D.C.
? DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I am as disillusioned
as you are regarding -the situation in Viet-
nam. ' - -
When IS the United Statesgoing to get out
of there?
Sincerely;
" ROBERT L. ZIMMERMAN.
13.S,?Also When is the United States going
to have a decent medical care program?
LEXINGTON, KY.,
June 30,1964.
C GRESSIONAL RECOIM ? SENATE 15673
NORTHRIDGE, CALIF.,
JUly T; 1964,
Eon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR - MORSE: / have asked the
Pre,sident and Senator HUMPHREY to consider
Yetis proposed policy for Vietnam. Also I
have asked_ Republicans to discuss it con-
structively. Tilank you for getting on tele-
vision and ,giving the public the facts. I
,
took notes.
Very truly yours,
Mrs. T. M. STOUT.
PHOENIX, AR/2.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.a. -
DEAR SENATOR: Have just been listening to
the program "Issues and Answers." / agree
heartily with every word you said. r have
_1,ong wendered why the United States does
not lay_the whole question before the United
,Nations. I am so glad that someone has the
_nerve, to speak out, as you have done.
Incidentally; X am so glad you joined the
Democrats. VO"e- can "Certalnly use a little
coMmonsensb.
Sincerely yours,
FRANCES L. Dxx.
? -
NEW ROCHELLE, N.Y.,
June 80, 1964.
The lionorableVVAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,-
-Washington, D.C.
DEAR )5PisTATOR Moaec: All mankind, is in
yotir debt for the intelligent, reasonable, and
humane stand you are taking on southeast
Asia. We are involved in an ugly and brutal
war and no slegans or platitudes can alter
, this fact. We hope you will continue your
courageous efforts in behalf of peaCe.`. I want
you to know that you have our wholehearted
support.
Very truly yours,
Ur. and MTS. ELIAS TANENBAUM.
AVON PARK,
June 30, 1964.
On, WAYNE_ 1010E,
Senate Office wading,
, Washington, 15:C.
DRAB SEN4T0R 1,5011,SE: You arp 100 percent
right on southeast Asia. A war there on the
scale proposed by the President would only
escalate Into a l'ilkelear viar-ancl no ,sane
,mai or Noznan;wants that.
Alnericanly,
, 71ENRYSTONES.
P.5.?Please try to defend the great June
15, 1964, U.S. Supreme Court reapportion-
ment decision as any good Seffersonian would
do.
-
r WESTERN SPRINGS, ILL
,lune 89 1964.
Senator_ WAY= Mol1SE.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR ,SENATOR: hLs is,tn ,thknk, you for
speaking out and calling a spade a spade in
the southeast Asia situation.
- Will our leaders never learn? Again we
are getting ourselves completely involved in
a local struggle on the other side of the
world, as in Korea, where we wasted thou-
sands of young lives and have poured bn-
lions of dollars into a country, only to end
up supporting an unpopular dictatorship.
Keep up the good work?maybe in due
time our people will wake up to the fact that
we are indeed the greatest threat to peace
In the world today, not because we want to
help oppressed peoples, but because we can't
stand competition.
Sincerely,
FRED L. CRAWFORD.
MORSE HITS OUR ASIA PUPPET SHOW
WasmnoTon.?Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Democrat, of Oregon, charged again yester-
day that the United States is an outlaw
nation fighting a unilateral war in southeast
Asia.
_ The Senator called South Vietnam this
puppet of ours.
MORSE said it may be true that Red China
and North Vietnam are violating the Geneva
accords on Laos, but that two wrongs do not
make a right.
He charged the 'United States is pursuing
a course of action outside the charter of
the United Nations.
Speaking on a television program, MORSE
said that a peacekeeping operation sup-
ported by 'U.S. SEATO allies ought to take
the place of unilateral U.S. action until
such time as the United Nations can move in
with its own force.
He rejected the notion that in the time it
takes to set up such operations the Commu-
nists can move in. He said it would not take
as much time as most people claim.
MORSE said he had faith in President John-
son, "But I think he's being ill advised."
MoasE, a Senate Foreign Relations Com-
mittee member, said Mr. Johnson doesn't
want war, but American policies in South
Vietnam and Laos are escalating the fight-
ing against Communist forces while Red
China has 200,000 troops poised on its borders
.21earby.
.8,?/ agree with you completely, Mr.
Moisz.
CARLSBAD, CALIF.,
June 28, 1964.
DEAR Mn. MORSE: We approve of the stand
you have taken concerning the United States
in southeast Asia.
We sincerely hope that your voice and
voices of others who have the same feelings
about the terrible danger that present U.S.
action is creating will be heard and heeded.
This country must use organizations estab-
lished for the purpose of keeping peace.
Yours truly,
FLErcrita A. CARR, ,
CARLSBAD, CALIF.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator MORSE: We have listened to your
interview on "Issues and Answers."
Your stand is 'just and wise. Certainly
the United Nations should be used and every
possible ways and means used to mediate in
Vietnam.
Sincerely,
Mrs. F. D. CARR.
SANTA MONICA, 'CALIF.,
June 27, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR MR. SENATOR: I want to express
my deepest gratitude to you for being the
strongest voice among the very few sane
- voices in our legislature, our Government,
who is speaking out against our grime in
Vietnam. It is Indeed a sad truth' that we
are today "the greatest threat to the peace of
the world."
Continue working for an encr of our role
In the Vietnam war. You have the support
of Millions in our country and all over the
Gratefuly yours,
Mrs. T. L. TOMASH.
LA JOLLA, CALIF.,
June 30, 1964.
The Honorable WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I am appalled
by the threats of unlimited war if China
continues to help the Communists in Laos
and South Vietnam. I know that you will
do all that you can to reach the President
and to alert the country to the dangerous
turn in our foreign policy. There is no one
else in the Congress who has shown so much
courage in speaking out against the war in
Vietnam, and on whom we can so hope-
fully rely to mobilize others for sanity and
responsibility.
The following is a copy of the telegram
which I sent to the President and to Senator
KUCHEL last evening:
"I do not believe that either honor or com-
monsense are served by U.S. military involve-
ment in southeast Asia. Threats against
China may deter temporarily but they will in-
crease enmity. This is the road to war, now
or in our children's time. It may put the
human race in jeopardy. Real responsibility
to mankind requires that we act through the
U.N. and set our own house in order."
Is it not strange that we are willing to risk
a nuclear war to defend the freedom of Asian
peasants who want nothing so much as to be
let alone, yet we cannot defend the right of
many of our own citizens to vote, or the lives
of our idealistic young people who are willing
to sacrifice so much for freedom here?
Yours respectfully and gratefully,
HELEN M. BEARDSLEY.
LA JOLLA, CALIF.,
June 30, 1964.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I also want to
thank you for your sponsorship of S. 1500 and
S. 1501 which will eliminate some of the in-
justices suffered by foreign born under the
Walter lyfcCarran Act. It was courageous of
you to introduce these bills.
Yours sincerely,
HELEN M. BEARDSLEY.
NORMAN, OKLA.,
June 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senator from Oregon,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. MORSE: Your comments On OUT
Far East policy made on TV this past Sunday
were indeed refreshing and swelled me with
pride. Thank goodness for an alternative
position?regardless of right or wrong. The
inipiiitant thing is that your views, in con-
trast to a general policy of escalated war or
one of "let's get it over with now," provides
a real choice between peace and war. I
salute you for speaking out as you did. Also
it was indeed a pleasure to listen to a politico
who said substantially what he believed rath-
er than the usual hedging, high-sounding and
patronizing speech one has become so ac-
customed to hearing.
My best wishes,
MICHAEL KULLA.
FORT WORTH, TEX.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: All / could say after
listening to 3 ou today on "Issues and An-
swers" was, "Love that man." That is my
wayi of expressing appreciation for your cou-
rageous facing up to reality in the area of
foreign policy.
Through bits or information In the news-
papers and more details in periodicals such
as lqew Republic and Progressive, I have fol-
rowed your career. But you were much less
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD --.SENATEk July 9
a stranger after a full half hour on this pro-
gram.
I do hope that soon a few other Senators
will rally to the cause of peacekeeping, as you
have. Senator Catraen, was effective, I
thought, on the "Today" program last week.
Senator Pinanuoirr's two speeches have not
been given proper publicity in this conserva-
tive stronghold. What Senator McGovrax
has to say on the floor of the Senate never
Makes the newspapers here. 13ut I must ad-
mit that you emerge tla' a forceful, colorful
personality in my mind. So I dare say the
pfeas has quoted you more than I re
'Thant you very much. Everything you
said I have been writing in letters to the edi-
tor, a lone Voice in a wilderness of super-
Patriotism. That Makes me a "Comsyrnp.' I
oan imagine what kind of mail you receive, so
decided to offset the negative with a fan
lertter.
Yours truly.
iltlICE.,14 Max HI7NTISR.
Ana 30, 1964.
.11tv DEAR Su; We sincerely trust that you
will pursue your stand re Cabot Lodge's opin-
ion Of Vietnam situation. It is our opinion
that he does not and luts not given a .
Also President J01111841 appointed Maxwell
Taylor. American Military or Vietnamese
have little use for 1W:there.
You know thbi icidel vitally important situ-
ation far better than we, and we ask that you
please use your Infinence to do what you can
to terminate the falseness and coverup that
has been going on for so long.
Respectfully yours,
Duttrrn, kingef.,
June 29, 1964.
Dna. Smea Wass: I wonder if you are
aware Of t e ,qmsa,brablwashing broadcasts
that are being put out-this week to sell the
radio audience on theidea that all we seek
in the Vietnam ,and Laetian-arga Is peace and
liberty ? ? that if war 'Should come in
spite of our peaceful bombhik and strafings
and general forcefiff interference in the af-
fairs of these unfOrtithate People, It will be
because the Chinese people want to pick
a fight with us.
Not only this btit deliberate intent exists
to pin the label of communism on anyone
Who feels that we should get out of that area
Qui turn the problem over to the U.N.
I am satisfied that this is not just CBS but
is a Government (State Department) broad-
cast worked put vilth CBS in the best style
of Adolph Hitler who proclaimed his peace-
ful Intentions as he Moved into Czecho-
slovakia, and Austria-in the days when he
was telling the world that be didn't seek
war ? * didn't want war, was hellbent
on peace, even if he had to put people into
stockades and shoot their official leadership
to achieve it. /t seems to me that it is news
When a Senator from the great State of Ore-
On, a Member of the governing party, breaks
'With the President and the military on a
major question of foreign policy. If so, It
Is a reflection on our so-called free press that
there is little or no publicity given to your
effort to save not just our good name, but the
lives Of many, many fine young Americans.
Why are not the newspapers and the radio
and facilities that claim to give us the
whole truth and nothing but the truth bury-
ing yaw efforts and doing everything in
their power to paralyze the Intelligence and
commonsense and. Christian feelings of the
Nation?
/ have written HUMPHREY and MCOASTICY
and BLATNIE on this score. ItfcCaimur pro:li-
lacs his efforts. HUMPHREY IS full of weasel
words that don't mean a thing except that
when the chips are down, he will find good
and sufficient reason to support the State
Department. Who is running this Govern-
ment anyhow, when we go to war without
congressional approval or debate?
/ am proud to be represented by the Sena-
tor from Oregon and the Senator from
Alaska. We are bypassing the 1111., and
going it alone, into a boobytrap that will
make Korea look like a Sunday school picnic.
With warm regards,
HERMAN J. OLIPPITH
DREXEL tlRS, PA.,
Jiine 30, 1984.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Moasz: I am writing to tell
you that I thoroughly agree With your com-
ments about southeast Asia. Please keep
saying over and over that we must refer this
situation to the United Nations and try to
ease tensions by conference and diacussions,
not by a buildup of ITS. military forces.
Sincerely,
SEAN P. LESTER.
'Intim Carr...,
June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Dasit SENATOR: Again I waited anxiously to
hear your talk about the Vietnam situation.
Your calling it McNiimara's war does not
mean We not Mr. Johnson's war?he is Presi-
dent?not McNamara.
I know he wants to prove to the Republi-
cans he is not weak in foreign affairs?but
all he proves is that he must take responsi-
bility if he is the President?and get us out
Of the Vietnam war.
Sincerely,
PEGGY KLEMPNER.
SAN D=w,
June 29, 1984.
Senator WAYNE Moass.
Dzsa Ma. Moasz: Just heard you on TV
and we were with you on the Vietnam situ-
ation and the U.N., etc. You were line.
Now for some questions and answers,
please.
Politics in both parties are going full blast
now, viz the "war on poverty" and unem-
ployment, and more economy. Seems of
much concern to our Government and the
President at this time. While at the same
time the House passed an outrageous pay
rates to Cabinet officers. Supreme Court Jus-
tices, district justices, House Doorkeeper,
postmasters, Federal civil service. Federal
civil service employees also enjoy fringe
benefits, vacation pay (generous), sick leave,
retirement benefits, and provided maximum
job security; also a great percentage of Dis-
trict of Columbia Federal workers are colored.
last but not least the House voted them-
ithes and the Senate it nice raise also again,
since last yearr. Where is our dollar? "An
indefensible raid upon the Treasury," so
states the Human Events?a weekly Wash-
ington report. "Our Government debt is
sky high."
Where do the retired and "over" age
(limit) come in these days? Some living on
very small pension or social security. Going
back to 1959, what have the House and
Senate given our retired personnel and &II-
cere, especially the military?
Too many of World Wars land II,had hard
and brilliant careers in Army, Navy, and
other services, with disabilities, unable to
work out a full life, small penir_ons only.
Why shouldn't these retired, capable men
and women deserve some raises also? Last
year they were the forgotten ones and again
this year. So far the one or two raises since
1958 have been pitifully small. This year
again, nothing for the retired military man.
eine of our living heroes, Sergeant York, has
existed on $OO (and less at first) for many
years, knit not even a plaque in methory of
his heroin-Tn.
My hue-band was in both wars?in its worst
places?and when he retired with a pen-
sion ?not enough in return for his service?
he was not allowed dual occupation. Where
Senators, for instance, reach ripe old age and
stilt in service with a good salary even in
retirement.
How about the Senators and the law-
making honorable bodies making the laws
instead of allowing the honorable Supreme
Cowl to reign supreme?and get back to
the Constitution of our country.
Thank you for listening.
Very truly and respectfully yours,
SUSAN P. JONES.
OTEGO, N.Y.,
June 29,1964.
DEAR SENATOR Monsr: It was very gratif y-
ing to see and hear you on TV the other day.
It's about time that someone got on the floor
and told the truth about South Vietnam and
the whole Asian question. Are we the police
department for the whole world, I thought
we had the U.N. for these trouble spots.
I agree with you, this administration is
beta on escalating the war or wars in Asia
and It looks to me and to others, that a
behtiaci-the-door deal has been made. The
Russians are pulling out of Cuba; for what
reason? Is it a deal in which we are to clip
Red China's wings, to save the Russians the
job, I wonder?
Any way, it certainly would be the height
of folly for this country to start to tangle
with Red China. Our boys would just be put
down the drain, sacrificed for nothing, as no
matter what manpower we put in Asia it
would be swallowed up and nothing accom-
plished.
Was no lesson learned from Prance's dismal
record in Indochina? The same man that
heat the French is now doing it to us, / say
Asia for the Asiatics, keep our boys and our
tax money to home. I hope you get up in the
Senate and howl good and loud; maybe it will
penetrate up to high what we want. It took
Senator KEATING to expose the Cuban fiasco;
you can do the same with the Asian one.
Another thing, these Negroes should be
gotten off the streets with their fake pas-
sive demonstrations. It's all bunk. They are
not too interested in civil rights; when they
finally get them by law, they will not use
them to advantage. Their big interest and
major aim is intermarriage; they want to be
white, that's their major aim. I ought to
know how they think. I've lived with them
for a time. If demonstrations are not
stopped, there will be much bloodshed, I am
sure.
Good luck to you on Vietnam.
A. G. HARWOOD.
ST. PAUL, MINN.,
June 30, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I support your point
of view on the situation in Vietnam.
I think that talk of expanding that war is
insanity.
I share the opinion of the French Foreign
Minister that this war is primarily an in-
ternal political war.
It appears to me that we are again backing
a strong man against the will of the local
people.
Information seems to be coming out now
that the CIA is behind much of our foreign
problems. Even going so far as to override
Presidential decisions.
I think the CIA should be curtailed at
once.
Sincerely,
FRANK B. SCHWARTZ.
MCHENRY, ILL.,
June 28, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I believe your stand
on the South Vietnam question is absolutely
correct. The United States is guilty of break-
ing International law just as the Communists
are. It appears that we are just as desperate
to gain control of this piece of property for
the sake of prestige as they are to set up
another Communist country. Being 17 years
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1964
old it scares me to think that I might have
to serve my cotititry in an undeclared and il-
legal war.
The answer, Of course, is the United Na-
tions. It was created to handle this type of
situation. If the United States has no faith
in its power to settle this dispute, the U.N.
is doomed. You must continue to fight. We
can't continue to turn our backs to the truth
much longer. I know you have been criti-
cized on your stand. Well, keep in mind that
there must always be men like you around
to blast some sense into Uncle Sam?keep it
up. I am now going to write Senator
DOUGLAS on this matter, I think he can be
one of your helpers.
Sincerely yours,
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? CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE 15675
PAL7L LIEBMAN.
ORIVIOND BEACH, FLA.,
? June 30, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I listened to your
opinions on Vietnam over "Today" and got
great satisfaction out of what you said. I
was in China 1915-37?taught at the Uni-
versity of Shanghai and deprecate our isolat-
ing ourselves from that nation. I inclose an
article from Eastern Horizon published in
Hong Kong which confirms some of your
ideas about "aid." We often help the wrong
people. I met you at Paul Raymond's when
you spoke at the Daytona Beach forum.
Yours Sincerely,
GEORGE POTEAT.
BUFFALO, N.Y.,
June 25, 1964.
Hon. Senator WAYNE MORSE,
The Senate, Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sm: This morning I heard you talk
on the "Today" show. You were wdnderful
and expressed? my sentiments exactly. I
agree 100 percent with what you said re-
garding sending U.S. troops to Laos.
Would it be possible to have a copy of your
speech? I should like to read it to all my
friends. What can we poor citizens do about
this? I hope I hear from you. Thank you.
Most sincerely,
RUTH FRUCHTBAUM.
BERKELEY, CALIF.,
June 28, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have just heard
you on television on "Issues and Answers"
and want to tell you that my husband and
I agree with your views wholeheartedly. It
Is a dreadful mistake for us to be escalating
the war in Vietnam as we surely are doing
and seem to be about to continue doing. It
can only lead to a real major war. NATO
and SEATO are our only hope and we must
call upon these in as forceful a way as can
be managed and now. I have just written
to President Johnson to express these same
views. I hope a lot of other people do the
same, so he can realize the people are not
supporting this dangerous new policy.
Thank you for speaking out.
- Sincerely,
EDITH WEAVER.
- ,
HOLLYWOOD, CALIF.,
June 28 1984.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Foreign Affairs Committee,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: After hearing your
Interview on television, I am hastening to
write you and applaud you from the bottom
of my heart. What you had to say was so
true, so logical and to the point. Ton seem
to be one of the very few brave souls left.
Our treatment of South Vietnam and Cuba
has been a, disgrace and has lost us respect
and friends.
I do hope that President Johnson, whom
I believe, as you do, really wants peace and
the welfare of mankind in general, will take
your advice rather than that of the military
and others who have selfish interests in
keeping animosities alive.
-I lost all respect and confidence in Adlai
Stevenson when he lied about our part in
the Cuban affair. I have never been so dis-
illusioned in a man as I have in him. He has
no stamina or principle left.
How I wish that there were more men like
you among our politicians. We could then
look forward to a brighter and safer future
for these United States.
God bless you.
Yours sincerely,
ELENITA LINDI.
P.S.?Would there be any possibility of
getting reprints of the above interview? I
should certainly like to pass them out so that
people might be better informed.
GREENVILLE, S.C.,
June 29, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: It seems you are in
the right on Vietnam, as usual. Charles
Wells in Between the Lines has good mate-
rial. Can you have a copy of your remarks
from the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD sent me at
once? We may get out a small paper on it
locally, taking off fi.?1a the recent war speech
of the President.
I hope to get bac s to Eugene for a time
this summer. I trust all is well with you and
the family and interests.
Cordially,
Ross ANDERSON.
WESTMIN/STER COLLEGE,
Fulton, Mo., June 25, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I happened to catch
your appearance on NBC's "Today" show this
morning and feel compelled to write of my
agreement with your stand on the Vietnamese
question. This is the first time I have ever
responded in this way to such an interview,
but you said quite well those things which
I have felt strongly for some time. In the
days ahead as escalation seems an eminent
danger in southeast Asia, I trust that you
and others in positions of prominence will
continue to speak out.
I teach American history here including
a course in recent U.S. history. The
latter is a discussion-type seminar course,
and I am constantly looking for materials to
give my students a variety of viewpoints on
current topics as well as those others over
the past 50 years which still exert their in-
fluence on us today. If your views on south-
east Asia are available from a Senate speech
or other presentation, I would appreciate
receiving 20 copies for use with these stu-
dents.
Sincerely,
WILLIAM E. PARRISH,
Professor of History.
DALLAS, TEX.,
June 25, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
The Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I heard you on the "Today"
show this morning and am writing you to
ask you what I can do to get the administra-
tion to take the Vietnam war to the United
Nations. I have selfish reasons as well es
moral reasons for not wanting a war. My
son finishes 6 years of service in the Navy this
October and I want him to be able to go to
college and live a normal life. Besides, war
is no solution as well we know. My older son
served the Army 2 years and is married and
living happily in Kellogg, Idaho. I have a
20-year-old daughter. I should know what
to do to help to make this a better world at
my age, but one feels so helpless in the face
of politicians. You certainly seemed well
informed and you were a forceful speaker.
You seemed so sincere and I liked you very
much.
Enclosed is a self-addressed envelope to
save the Government's money. Thank you
for your stand and any help you can give
me.
Sincerely yours,
ANN HEARST.
COLLEGE OF GUAM,
Agana, Guam, June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We warmly approve
your efforts to bring about a more sensible
and more hopeful policy in Vietnam. We
have just written to Senators AIKEN and
GRUENING to applaud their efforts in a like
direction.
A friend a mine has a relative who has
been a career officer in the lower ranks of the
officer class. This officer served in Vietnam
for a good many months. Finally he was
transferred to the United States of Amer-
ica. He immediately gave up his career in
the military forces because he was so
ashamed of what the United States was doing
out there.
Keep up your struggle. I would appreciate
having copies of your speeches on Vietnam.
Respectfully yours,
Prof. E. LEWIS B. CURTIS.
CATHERINE S. CURTIS.
COLLEGE OF GUAM,
Agana, Guam, June 28, 1694.
President LYNDON B. JOHNSON,
White House,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR PRESIDENT JOHNSON: We SO heartily
approve of many things which you do and
hope to do. We are, however, deeply per-
turbed at the direction our policy seems to
be taking in Vietnam. We believe that our
national interests will be better served by
going to the conference table as soon as
possible. To extend military action will not
make us friends. Napalm bombs and de-
foliation procedures, quite understandably,
seem to increase our opponents.
May a concerned couple recommend to
our President some bedside reading? We
urge you to reread our Tokyo Ambassador's
(E. 0. Reischauer) "Wanted?An Asian
Policy."
We enclose copies of letters to Senators
AIKEN, MORSE, and GRUENING.
Respectfully yours,
Prof. E. LEWIS B. CURTIS.
CATHERINE S. CURTIS.
CLEARWATER, FLA., '
June 25, 1964.
Hon. SENATOR MORSE,
State Chambers,
Salem, Oreg.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: This morning I
heard your interview on the "Today" pro-
gram originating in New York City. I was
very much impressed with your knowledge
and ability to size up the situation we find
ourselves in, in Vietnam.
I would appreciate it, if you could send
me a copy of your interview or would tell
me where I could secure a copy.
With the wish that all patriotic citizens
might have a chance to hear your views, I am
- Sincerely yours,
- LAURA PHILLIPS.
SAN ANTONIO, TEX,,
June 25, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I just heard your
interview on the "Today" program this
morning and I am deeply impressed with
your stand on the position of the United
States in South Vietnam.
I have been looking for the exposition of
the "other side" and you provided it.
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In order that I may study your position
more thoroughly and be informed on the
facts you presented, will you please send
me printed material giving me the facts on
your position, Including such items as the
Geneva Accords, SEATO and the approach
to the 13.N.. Your cooperation in sending
this material will be deeply appreciated.
Many thanks
Sincerely yours,
PALM X
Boxaroast Exam, FLA.,
June 25, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Mottaz,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
Man Sztesroa: Since hearing your views
on the war (to be) in Laos, Thailand. etc.,
let me strongly urge you to see to it that
it does get into the U.N.'s hands, and out
of the U.S. military's hands. I talk from
firsthand information. because I have a son
in Hawaii, who has already been to Thailand
twice, and because / know he would per-
haps be among those slaughtered for what?
The problem there should be left to Viet-
namese. We would resent Russia coming
here to take charge of our colored problems.
Wouldn't we?,_
A war there would last such a long time
and what would we gain/ Many hungry peo-
ple here would appreciate getting $10 more
a month social security, but instead our loose
money is to go to Vietnam. Why?
I have read Item after item on the situa-
tion, and know it must be the Pentagon,
or McNamara, that wants our sons killed. In
some far away country that has no bearing
In the fight for our freedom.
Will, appreciate hearing from you very
ROOM
. Very truly yours,
Mrs. R. Knertz.
ItilW YORK. N.Y.,
June 28,1964.
SOIDAOI WAYNE Moan,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORihS: Let me take this
first opportunity to congratulate you on the
stand you have taken on U.S. policy on South
Vietnam. I agree completely with your be-
lief that American troops should be with-
drawn from Vietnam?on legal grounds, their
presence violates the 1954 Geneva accord;
on moral ground, the United States has no
right to force the regime of our serpentine
satrap Khanh down the throats of the Viet-
namese people. and on military grounds,
as a U.S. Arm veteran, I feel pretty sure
that our military program is hopeless.
Your courage?and foresight?on this is-
sue are commendable, and your speeches and
statement' are in the finest tradition of
American politics. Just as we (rightly)
criticize the police state that the Russians
have imposed on the East Germans. we must
also have the candor and courage to eriticies
a_ program that has led America to become
what you have correctly called "a threat to
world peace."
If your office has copies of the major
speeches you have made on Vietnam. I would
be most grateful if / could be sent 10* copies.
which I shall send to my friends. I will be
glad to bear any expense that this entails.
With best wishes.
Sincerely yours.
GEORGE W. PHILLIPS
PROTECT Crrr,
June 22,1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Buildings,
Washington, D.C.
Etr.tat SENATOR MORSE: I had to read in an
obscure periodical your position against war
in Asia. Por although I take four of them,
the daily press, and controlled wire services
armrest; anything but the mildest criticism
of war. Can't even get a "letter to the editor
published." Thus I write you to help stop
this insanity.
The warmongers and industrial-military
complex General Eisenhower warned against
have gained control of this country. I
understand every nation but this wishes to
arbitrate or negotiate neutralism in south-
east Asia. But they prefer countless thou-
sands of our youth be slaughtered and muti-
lated defending another corrupt military
dictatorship in Asia. How many thousands
were killed and maimed to produce the dic-
tatorship in Korea with recent riots against
Its corruption? Were hundreds of thousands
of the flower of French youth slaughtered
before they were driven out? I would appre-
ciate as an American citizen your answering
me the above and the following questions:
1. Has Congress given up its sole power
to declare war, thus making this country a
military dictatorship?
2. What is the authority of this country
for establishing protectorates in Asia backed
with military occupation and the power of
one man to send the country to war?
3. Is the enclosed statement, that appeared
in a San Francisco newspaper true?
4. In the "aid to South Vietnam bill" will
you include free passage to the frontlines
for these warmongers so anxious to defend
corrupt military dictatorships to relieve them
of sitting comfortably in front of their TV
seta listening to the news of hundreds of
thousands of our youth and sons being
butchered, to keep their prestige and
Interests?
6. Is the foreign policy of this country to
encourage, aid and abet, and protect military
dictatorships throughout the world even at
the cost of thousands of our youth killed?
Are they afraid to use nuclear weapons as
they might get hurt themselves? No wonder
we have to go it alone.
The world will love this country when It
Invades Asia. and you can count on me to
expose the butchers from the top down.
Hundreds I've talked with feel the same.
Wiliam& Coyne.,
Member, Shasta County Democrat
Central Committee, Five Counties
Central Labor Council, etc.
(From the San Francisco Examiner, June 9,
19844
Is It moral to slaughter peasants for a
corrupt dictatorship engaged in a brutal and
hopeless civil war?
Do U.S. security interests, as defined by
the cold warriors, have a priority over the
rights of self-determination of the southeast
Asian peoples? Do the former, in fact con-
flict with the latter?
Perhaps a partial answer to these ques-
tions lies in the conduct of U.S. foreign
policy in Laos in 1958. From 1955 to 1957
In accordance with the Geneva agreement,
the neutralist government under Souvanna
Phouma had stabilized itself and demobilized
most of the Pathet Lao armies. In 1958
elections were held and resulted in a aub-
at:tattlel popular victory for the Puthet Lao
and other leftist forces. The United States
thel eupon suppressed the democratic elec-
tions by supporting, politically and mili-
tarily, a rightwing coup.
ARTNITE Di Cloarrio.
BALTIMORE, Mn.,
January 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SineaTos Moasz: I would like to com-
mend you for your realistic position concern-
ing our involvement in South Vietnam's
civil war. I have discussed this issue with
many religious, educational, business, and
civil leaders in my community and they. in
July 9
the great majority, completely support your
position.
I realize that President Johnson must be
careful how he handles this controversial
Issue, this being an election year. I am sure
that our President would like to wash his
hands of this mess, as much as any of us,
providing It wouldn't hurt him politically.
However, I sincerely believe that if you
could persuade President Johnson to be hon-
est with qur citizens and to make known to
the public the true facts that you have been
courageously revealing about our involve-
ment in this war, the great majority of our
citizens will support your position.
The failure of President Johnson to reveal
these realities will encourage our cold war
politicians to utilize this issue to: their polit-
ical advantage. I hope that you can per-
suade President Johnson to see this danger.
I would appreciate any material you have
on this issue so that I can help support your
stand.
Very sincerely,
LEON SHAPIRO.
NORTH MIAMI, FLA.,
June 25, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
Draft SENATOR: I scan the newspapers and
I am extremely dissatisfied with information
about the U.S. policy in the Indochina area
of east Asia.
Today I read Edwin Lahey's article on
your speeches on this subject. I am deeply
alarmed about our policy in this area. I feel
our policy violates the United Nations Char-
ter. Also as a practical matter I believe
President Johnson is trying to prove he is
tougher than Mao Tse-tung with the fate
of mankind in balance. Mao is probably the
toughest, shrewdest opponent he has faced.
Will you please send me all your speeches
you have made on this subject this year and
any other material you can send. Please
reply. This is my third letter / have written
to you without response.
Yours sincerely
Lours FLuse.
P.S.?I heartily endorse your position on
Indochina, Viet, etc.
GREENBANK, WASH.,
June 25, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: We strongly support your
stand on South Vietnam and would like to
have a copy of your speech if it is available.
We have not been able to read it in our
papers.
It is regrettable that we do not have more
Members of the Senate with your courage.
Yours very truly,
M. M. ANDERSEN.
DELRAY BEACH, FLA.,
June 25, 1964.
DE.AR SENATOR Wass: I want to congratu-
late you on your very frank and very apropos
discussilon of the Vietnamese situation, or
should I say disaster.
It is very heartening and encouraging to
hear a Democrat dare to criticize the Presi-
dent's policies in Asia. I thought you were
magnificent and couldn't help but laugh at
the way you said everything you wanted to
say, instead of being interviewed and led
into answering the questions Ray Scherer
and Nancy had evidently prepared to ask
you. /t does my heart good every time a real
redblooded American patriot stands up and
speaks the truth fearlessly. You are right
about the people not being behind "Mc-
Namara's War." I have felt ever since he
was appointed that he was a ruthless, opin-
ionated pip squeak and that we have con-
sistently lost face and ground since he was
put in 'Charge of our defense. / also agree
that General Taylor should never have been
put in Henry Cabot Lodge's place. It is
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CONGRESSIONAL ittcoRD - SENATE
rattling sabers in the faces of those Red
devils.
As long as we have men of your caliber
and principles, Senator, I feel our chances
of survival as a democracy have a fighting
chance.
Senator, may I have a copy of this tele-
cast of the "Today" show, June 25?
Bless you.
LILLIAN WOOD.
,
UNITED PROTESTANT CHURCH,
Duluth, Minn., June 26, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR MR. Moms: Congratulations upon
your analysis d expressed convictions on
the Vietnam situation. I saw you on the
"Today" show June 25 and I thoroughly con-
cur with your views that the United States
should make a desperate effort to have the
United Nations handle the situation rather
than try to deal with it militarily on a uni-
lateral basis.
I am president of the Head of the Lakes
'Chapter of the Association for the United
Nations and am greatly concerned for peace
and feel the U.N. is our best hope for keep-
ing the peace. For years T have talked and
preached more solid support of the U.N. on
the part of the United States.
How do your fellow Senators stack up on
this issue? Do you have much support
there?
Would it be possible to have a copy of your
presentation of June 25, or another address
In which you have dealt with this subject?
May your tribe increase and rapidly.
Cordially yours,
G. TRUETT HIGH.
CHARLESTON, S.C.,
June 25, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have been watch-
ing your interviews on television several
times. I am very much impressed with your
realistic views on the different political
Issues pertaining to the foreign policy of our
great country.
During World War n I was in Greece. We
suffered under the German-Italian-Bulgar-
ian occupation and finally we had the civil
war against the Communists. I have a bitter
personal experience of war.
I could not help to write to you and ex-
press my admiration for your healthy and
realistic stand on American foreign policy:
I will appreciate it very much if you send
me your periodical newsletters.
Respectfully yours,
C. ANTONATOS, M
SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH,
June 28, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Is it possible to ob-
tain several copies of your debate that was
given today by ABC news on TV? I should
like very much to have these copies?you
were excellent. If obtainable, and if any
cost, please enclose bill.
Vietnam and our war there is the topic
under discussion.
Sincerely,
- Mrs, W. Durtiv.
GREAT NEM MY.,
;rune 25, 1964.
MY DEAR SENATOR; I was very much
touched by the report of the New York Times
covering your recent speech on the situation
in Vietnam. But there was nothing in the
paper the next day.
I would much appreciate it if you will be
good enough to mail me copies of some of
your latest foreign policy speeches for dis-
tribution to my colleagues at Fairleigh Dick-
inson University.
Thank you and with kind regards.
Yours cordially,
CHANG HSIN-HAI.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
? June 22, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have been doing
my best to follow American policy and action
in southeast Asia. Frgm what little I have
been able to find in the newspapers (New
York Times and Washington Post) about
your position, I support it fully. Please keep
up your good work. We appear to be at the
brink with no room within the present policy
to turn to new means to resolve our conflicts.
It is very disappointing to read today's Post
and see them all but ,declare war on China
and North Vietnam.
Since I have found it so difficult to find
your Senate speeches reported with any de-
tail in the press. I would like to know if you
could send me copies of your major speeches
on Laos and South Vietnam for the last few
months? If it is available, I would appreci-
ate earlier speeches too.
Please continue your efforts and please
keep reporting your views to the American
people.
Sincerely yours,
PETER HUNT.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
June 25, 1964.
HOD. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: Your interview this morning on
the "Today" program was so honest and
straightforward. It gave facts which needed
to be brought to the attention of the Ameri-
can people long before this. I hope it is not
too late.
I am sure that my friends and neighbors
who did not hear and see you this a.m. would
very much appreciate having a copy of this
interview. Might it be possible to have some
copies of it?
Thank you so much for your most worthy
contribution to the American way at this very
crucial moment.
Respectfully yours,
REBECCA S. LEVINE.
CLEVELAND, OH/O,
June 24, 1964.
Sena/0/ WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: For months, I and
many of my acquaintances and friends have
followed the lonely battle that you and
others, though much too few, in the Senate
have been waging against the brutal and
dangerous policy of the United States in
Vietnam. Your courage and your honesty
are among the brightest spots in the morass
that our Congress seems to be sinking in.
As I write, I almost feel that I am writing
to someone I am close to personally, and a
typewriter, is a most inadequate instrument
to convey my admiration for you through.
I hope it is important to you to know that
there are individuals like myself, and many
others, who share with you an intense re-
Vulsion against our policies in Vietnam. This
is an issue that I believe must be carried
to the American people, one which, I be-
lieve, might be able to prick their collective
conscience if the facts were known. With
this in mind, I would like to ask you to send
me as much of your materials on the Viet-
15677
nameSe situation as you can: speeches, in-
serts into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, arti-
cles, fact sheets, etc. To the extent that I
can, I will use these materials to publicize
the issues and your own activities. I am
chairman of a campus organization called
Voice on the University of Michigan cam-
pus, which is a chapter of Students for a
Democratic Society, a growing national stu-
dent organization which is very concerned
about American policy throughout the un-
derdeveloped world. We believe that Vietnam
may be all too typical of a pattern which
may be developing.
You may be interested to know that this
letter was immediately prompted by the ap-
pointment of General Taylor to replace Mr.
Lodge as Ambassador to Vietnam, a move
which I feel bodes further ill ,to that be-
leaguered country and to the Americans
who, I fear, in increasing numbers, may be
sent there to fight and perhaps to die. It
was also prompted by an article I read in the
Cleveland Press yesterday in which you were
quoted as saying that the United States "Is
heading for a war in Asia and will be hated
by a majority of mankind for the next 600
years." I am ashamed to have to say that
I fear you are right. Any help I may be to
help you in your battle against this sense-
less war is at your disposal.
Looking forward to hear from you and
receive your materials, I am,
Sincerely yours,
RICHARD F. MAGIDOFF.
P.5.?If you might be interested in more
information about Students for a Democratic
Society, and particularly our activities re-
garding Vietnam, please Let me know.
AKRON, OHIO,
June 24, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
DEAR SENATOR: I heard you this morning on
the "Today" program. I do not know how
widespread that program reaches. Rela-
tively few men hear that program, because
it comes at a time when hundreds of men
are on their way to work. I wish you would
put the substance of your remarks on paper,
so that your views could be given wide
currency.
The people must be aroused to the dan-
ger we are now facing.
Yours very truly,
G. A. WIEDEMER.
SAN PEDRO, CALIF.,
June 24, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE.
MY DEAR SIR: I read a small portion of
your Magnificent speech in the Senate in
our local newspaper, and I find it difficult
to conceive of words which will adequately
describe your brilliance of mind and mag-
nanimity.
Sir, I would very much appreciate knowing
how I can obtain copies of your recent
speeches deploring and admonishing the
evil forces in our society.
Sir, I hope you will never tire in your ef-
forts to make the blind open their eyes and
their minds to truths. Thank you.
Your friend and admirer,
MAX MAZSICK.
THE AMERICAN LEGION,
POST No. 33,
St. James, Minn., June 25, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Please accept our
sincere thanks and congratulations upon
your sage observations, which are born out
by conservative and liberal German and
No. 136-10
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15678 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
Swiss newspapers and magazines still avail-
able for reading to the writer (NBC
"Today"). We are fast "losing face" as well
as the best of our young manhood In uni-
form due to our lack of proper diplomacy
and Statesmanship. I would appreciate
your sending me the -substance of your
courageous remarks with documentation as
to the parts of treaty, U.N. regulations, etc.,
aff I may factually inform the members of
our host and other friends.
' Most gratefully and respectfully.
liana Sauces,
Past Second District Commander.
Notisron, Tex.
Senator WAYNE Mossy.,
. Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Diaz Sm. t had the privilege of being
present in the visitor's gallery of the Senate
, Chamber on the morning of June 25 and
listened to your speech on the situation In
Vietnam and our involvement. I wish to
say that I agree heartily with you in this
situation.
I would appreciate very much if, you would
send me a copy of the CorroaxsaroNat Rscoae
containing your speech.
Thanking you for your kindness and as-
suring you of my high regards. I am,
Sincerely yours,
Jaime Rtnnrrat.
Peace Pormicarmars Cortuarrrxx,
San Francisco, Calif., June 30, 1064.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR BENATOE MORSE: OUr thanks and con-
gratulations to you on your remarkable con-
tribution in warning the people of the United
States agairtst the great danger of continued
Military operationsin southeast Asia.
/f you will send me copies of your addresses
(especially the latest) or any articles you
have written on this important topic, we
Will make full use of them.
Please place my name on your mailing list.
All good wishes,
HOLLAND PtOBINTS.
Tax Usivintsrrr or Mzcismast,
Ann Arbor, Mich., July 3, 1964.
BOIL WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR &canna Moms: You deserve the
gratitude of every one of us for your leader-
ship on both isaues of NATO and Asian
policy. You must realize how important it is
.to those of us trying to organize grassroots
opinion, that there be eminent outspoken
dissenters. I hope that in this election year.
when the center and the right will be busy
conversing, we can muster support for your
position enough to bring Fulbright-minded
people to your position.
I am preparing position papers on Viet-
nani for several Democratic primaries in
Michigan. I would be grateful to get four
oy five copies of your major policy remarks
during 1964 on the Senate floor and else-
where. Please keep Fie on your list for any
of your new statements during the summer.
Sincerely,
Wu TSAI& PAUL /AVANT, Ph. a,
Associate Research Psychologist,
Mental Health Research Institute.
Bitooktyri, N.Y.,
July 4, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
Data M. Isloass: Yours is like a voice in
the wilderness of the war being promoted
by the present U.S. policy in south Asia. I
am glad to know that some of my fellow citi-
zens, men and women, are protesting. The
methods used by our leaders are more cruel
than murder because there is no way they
can be put on trial. The pretenses expressed
in the cause of freedom are either a figment
of imagination or the perpetration of evil
for the purpose of gain. I cannot believe
that they can succeed against forces for the
preservation of mankind.
I am deeply grateful to you for your brav-
ery and enlightenment in the face of blind-
ness and mistaken ideas promoted by both
major political parties in their foreign policy
pronouncements.. 1 want to add my voice
to strengthen those of men of good will
which you epitomize. If you will send me
copies of some of your recent speeches I shall
be glad to circulate them. Thank you for
your continuing efforts for the benefit of all
peoples.
Very sincerely,
Roma B. Csaumo.N.
--
SAN DIEGO, CALIF.,
June 21, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Mona: I would appreciate
receiving your speeches concerning the Viet-
nam war as well as on other vital topics.
Your recent remarks on our participation in
the southeast Asia hostilities are most wel-
come. Please continue your courageous
struggle.
Yours sincerely,
VICTOR 11.1aLuarszs,
CHAGRIN PALLS. OHIO,
July 2,1964.
Hon WAY NE MORSE,
Senator from Oregon,
Washington, D.C.
Demi Sm: I heartily applaud your opposi-
tion to our Government's aggressive policy
In Asia as reported by Norman Thomas in
yesterday's New York Times. However, like
him I did not have the pleasure of seeing
your documented comments reported in it
or any other newspaper; and wonder, accord-
ingly, if you would favor me with a copy or
summary of your remarks.
I have the honor to remain,
Yours very truly.
Jowl SAYRE MARTIN.
Los Arraeurs, Car-rs.,
June 30, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
SeeraTort Molise; We read an article in the
Los Angeles Times which quoted you as say-
ing that the present course in Asia is leading
toward ir major war. I am greatly concerned
about a war of any kind.
I am very Interested in your opinion on this
matter and the course you suggest in order
that we may exert what little pressure we
have on the Senate.
ALLEN E. MORRIS.
WHITTIER, CALIF.,
July 1, 1964,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Molise: I want to express my
complete support for your position on Viet-
nam and to further tell you of my admira-
tion for the brave stand you have taken. It
takes much courage to speak out and it Is
people like yourself throughout our Ameri-
can history who have in the long run been
the true heroea, who have molded the ideals
that many Americans still believe in. I am
enclosing a copy of a letter expressing my
protest against our role in Vietnam which I
have sent to two newspapers.
. Sincerely,
Mrs. JUNE S. Maya.
P.5.-1 do hope that you will come to Los
Angeles to speak on Vietnam--the American
people must learn the truth. Would appre-
ciate your sending me copies of the COMMIES-
July 9
SIONAL REcoae--containing your speeches on
Vietnam. Thank you.
Los Aricinza Trams.
Larrnms ro rue Eerroa,
Los Angeles, Calif.:
The /AS. Government would have the
American people believe we are fighting for
"freedom" in South Vietnam, when actually
we are intervening in a civil war. I agree
with Senator WAYNE McRae that the United
States has violated the U.N. Charter, making
us an outlaw Nation. Are we fighting for
American freedom 10,000 miles from home?
Are we protecting the people of South Viet-
? nam by consistently supporting a succession
of corrupt, repressive, dictator regimes that
have never had the support of the people?
Reliable sources tell us that the Saigon gov-
ernment has the allegiance of no more than
30 percent of the people. We are not being
told the truth about Vietnam. By labeling
the Vietcong Communist we overlook the
fact that the Vietcong, or properly called the
National Liberation Front, is a coalition of
many groups, peasants, certain Buddhist
sects. the Cambodian minority and ethnic
tribes, students, intellectuals, several politi-
cal parties including the Communists. The
NLP has the support of 70 percent of the
Vietnamese people. The $10 million that
General Khanh boasts about came out of
our pockets. We continue this immorality
by giving Khanh $1.5 million additional daily
to bight a war that even military experts say
can't be won. If the United States is a moral
Nation, we should be negotiating a peaceful
settlement, instead of sending more Ameri-
cans to be killed, instead of rattling our
sabers at China and the whole of southeast
Asia, instead of threatening to carry the war
Into North Vietnam and risking the possibil-
ity of a full-fledged nuclear war.
Mrs. JUNE RIAVE.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 29, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MOIU3E,
DEAR SIR: I want to commend you for the
stand you have taken upon the action of our
Government in southeast Asia.
It is high time that more of us get behind
you and some others who are trying to save
the people of the world from atomic war.
I understand you had read into the CON-
GRESSIONAL Rsicoao some disclosures by the
magazine "Aviation Week" in regards to a
policy attributed to President Johnson.
Would you be able to send me a copy of
that number of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD
?or better, several if you can.
With many thanks.
Very truly yours,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: In B. letter to the
New York Times today Norman Thomas re-
fers to a critical statement which you made
on the floor of the Senate concerning the
administration's policy in southeast Asia. I
would be grateful if you would send me a
copy of this statement.
Mr. Thomas also indicated that your re-
marks had received little or no publicity. /f
this is true, do you have any reason to be-
lieve that it reflects a deliberate suppression
of criticism by our news media?
Sincerely yours,
JOHN C. BLATR.
ITHACA, N.Y.
July 1, 1964.
CHANDLER MORSE.
NEWBURGH, N.Y.,.
July 2, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I want to congratu?
late you for your continuing opposition to
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the adm n s ra ion s fo douthS? Asia. Asmis/ Pommy AssmEn?No-iimAx THOMAS If you have available any of your major
agree with you that our present course is SAYS HOPE- LIES ONLY IN
NEGOTIATION speeches on Vietnam, I would indeed be
heading toward disaster.
To the Enrrox: grateful to receive them.
IldWever, I find it difficult to follow your On June 21 you carried an editorial on the Very truly yours,
Statements 'slime the newspapers and radio ettuation In southeast Asia which ended:
do not carry your re/narks. ' - ' -- - "Military victory is not - pbssible /or either
< ' Therefore, pleaSe -seiid me a col-7 of your side in this struggle, but the danger of a
"Bitter and'HOCinnented Attack on the Ad- global conflict seems to be advancing with ...?
Ininistration's-Volicy" Made in the 'Senate-Senator WAYNE MORSE,
eti. .1.1iiie 22, or the Cnifaais'afaisfa-11-idaiiie '
fearful speed."
On the next day in the Senate WAYNE Senate Office Building
, ,, ,
I for lime 22 if 'it lb-Claes that -"Sili; NditsE made a bitter and documented attack Washington, D.C.
Thank you. . onth?m /its rat on s policy. I didn't see DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Regarding your con-
tention that the southeast Asia problem be
Savr. CL.onen. 1,:t.se.Fne t_Ohe, the policy of newspapers tele-
turned over to the United Nations, I am in
? ? vision_StatiOne: Is9
and 'fbith. throUghOilt the-
ORTEGA, CALIF., COINItrY to let the administration' lead us to
July 1,.196; war, without reporting important dissent
?,..,,_.,_ _ ??.?
-- oenator WAYNE MORSE, even. 1p. the senate by him and Senator
? Senate Office BUildin,. ' ' - ' ' ORTIEN1140. Administration supporters have
Washington, D.O. not yet bothered to answer them.
? ,DEaa'SExatorilloasE: I am belatedly it- Like him, I am one of those who believe
lug to thank ybu for your marvelOue and that "in the State Department and Pentagon
bOtirageOlig- statement on a recent television are men who think Red China will never be
late/T. ie* weaker than she is at the present time, and
- ? - Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
: It IS disheartening to witness our 'country therefore now is the time to finish her off if U.S. Senate,
Brining and financially supporting corrupt she resists a U.S. takeover in southeast Washington, D.C.
dictatorships aft Over the earth in the nameDEAR SENATOR MORSE: I read In the New
Of combating communism.-It is -I-Ugleall Asia*"
Y Even I n_the_ name . of the most righteous York Times of last Wednesday, July 1, on '
Safe to assitme frOm What. has-gonbefor-O; anti-communism, it is madness for us to em- page 34, "Letters to the Times," in Norman
' that 'OW- bloody and expensive struggle bark on a course that may lead to world war. Thomas' letter, "Asian Policy Assailed," that
against communism will ultimately triumph The world in general would not think us you made "a bitter and documented attack
, In a world without a trace of democracy or champions of righteousness but of a neo- on the administration's policy" (namely in
even of a breathing, living man. What we imperialism, and even if we could and should southeast Asia).
,
are doing makes no? sense whatsoever:- _ crush China in a military sense, we would In view of the fact that I have been to
I especially' /idly share yoUr indignation ' lo southeast Asia most of last year and spent
over our illegal war in southeast
Asia where, Av ecannot thus organize Asia, much less considerable time traversing the length and
,.
teportedly, 250,606 Vietnamese have already the world, for democracy. We should be ac- breadth of South Vietnam and as I fully con-
died Since 1954 as a result of our highly cusp& of white imperialism pretty much cur with the statements you, Sir, made in
efficient techniques of mass murder in a ' around the world. One, shudders at the cost the past, I would be keenly interested in _
reading your utterances of June 22, I believe.
Would you therefore be so kind as to let
me have two transcripts of your remarks
in the Senate as I wish to forward one to a
friend of mine while keeping the second one.
Thank you in advance for your kindness.
With all good wishes.
Yours sincerely,
. GEORGE H. CORD,
- Former Foreign Correspondent.
Henri DEANE,
Urnox, N.J.,
July 2, 1964.
complete agreement.
Would you be kind enough to send me a
reprint of your speech regarding this matter.
Thank you.
Respectfully yours,
BERNICE FISCHER.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
July 3, 1964.
eaufitry without modern means of defense we might have to pay in money and in lives.
or offense except as they capture these from Even if our present threats delay or hinder
01,11' forces. Ilere too, it is evident, in the action by Communist forces, it is nonsense
Unlikely event that we win the 'war for to think that ,we can get a settlement in
"democracy" there wilf- be few Eatiiiei left' communist Asia, halfway around the world,
? 'alive, outside the well-protected members and hold It simply by military power. Any
'of the puppet government, to practice it. hope there is lies in negotiation for neutral-
' -To ie you represent the best traditions ity. When will the public begin to speak
-of American statesrna,nship and character, out?
wish you health and long life. NORMAN THOMAS.
Welild very much like to have any copies NEW YoEK, June 23, 1964.
Of your recent speeches or copies of the
CONGRESSIONAL, REportp in which your state- CAMP HILL, PA.,
=lents appear. Inasmuch as the press and - July 1, 1964.
radio do not give the same coverage to a Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
viewpoint such as yours as is devoted to the Senate Office Building,
Congressional rubberstamps, copies of your Washington, D.C.
? statements would be useful for circulation DEAE SENATOR MORSE: I have read in the
among my acquaintances. papers lately that you are in disagreement
Very sincerely, with our policy concerning South Vietnam.
? BENEDicw o, L4R. ?Would you please send me detailed informa-
,,--- ?" tion on how you believe this operation
Boston rnivBsIr.Y. should be con,ducted? Thank you.
Boston, Mass., Yuly 3, 1-4'-44. Respectfully,
Senator WAYNE MORSE., J. RICHARD GRAY.
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C. MOUNT KISCO, N.Y.,
July 2,1964.
DEAR SENATOR Monsz: I was pleased to hear
from a colleague that you have expressed Hon. W.sxrzEMoas.E?
- . , - - ?
? - - , you have
coneern- -9Ver _the growing crisis in South Senate Office Building,
Viet4aPI.AXIcif19,5., Wa_sh ington, D.C. ,
VP1.0.0114ately, ,, I have not heard your state- DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I Wish to join those
merits reported' on radio or television, nor who have applauded you for the series of
, , _ _ _ . _
read them I/Oho liewspapers. I hope you forceful speeches you have delivered on
will continue to'speak out, and that _you will Vietnam and the entire southeast Asia
find a larger audience for, your comments. problem.
, ?-- ,-: , - - - ---,--? - - -,-, -- - . - - ? loan continuously.
phould our present .pdlicies result in war, Your position is a rather lonely one, but I Sincerely yours,
the moral responsibility _ would be ours, think that sometime hence when the bal-
Please continue, tO e,ncourage the Presi:dent anced history of this period is written, and CHARLES FRANKLIN.
to negotiate for 'a jut peace. _
eace. - ' ? ' American polidy in Vietnam coolly appraised, ''
. _ . _ .
, . Very best wishes, you will have an honorable place in it, even CeNGERS, N.Y.,
_ _ .._ . , ....
. - ROBERT R. STH, D., as those who went against the tide on such July 1,1964.
Assistant Professor 'Oommunications. occasions as the Mexican war now are Sena-for WAYNE MORSE,
' ? ' - --,',' :?- "'; --' ?, deemed. to have been closer to the truth than rt..5? ? S'' 6nAte,, , - - .
.
. ' . . :I1.*w YORK, N.Y. , their detractors. ? Washington, D.O.
tEAR SgriaT,O,E, Mos,,sE? I woUld. appreciate Since the New York Times and most other DEAR SENATOR MORSE: In a letter published
__ ,
your sanding me a copy of the speech de- newspapers dO not And much space for your in th,is morningS New York Times, Norman
scribed in this letter froM Nc7rD414 Thaanas,. addresses, I have not been able to read your Thomas states that on June 22 you made a
_ . ._ .... , , -_- ...., ,....
Thank you. argument as fully. as I would like and have hitter and dodurnented_ attack on the ad-
been: dependent on-excerpts and suinrairies. ininietration's policy In Vietnam, and that
BROOKLYN, N.Y.,
July 2, 1964.
Se/later WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: Congratulations on your re-
marks regarding the Vietnam situation.
However, the TV item was brief. I under-
stand you made an address in the Senate on
this subject. Could you send me a copy of
it? Thanks.
Sincerely,
HENRY SHEMIN.
OAKLAND, CALIF.,
- July 1, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I have heard nothing but the
most favorable comments about your tele-
vised address of last Sunday.
Since I unfortunately missed hearing it,
would it be possible to have a copy sent to
me?or two. I'm sure that one will be on
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15680 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
this speech was not covered by the news-
papers. ?
' ; taOsamirs owing more and more doubtful
Of the Wilsclons of our current policies in Asia.
ZWld appteclate it greatly if I could read a
of your speeCh. / am also most inter-
sated. in IrhoWIng if administration sup-
porters have bothered to answer the ques-
tions posed by you and Senator Ganz:sum.
You may be sure that, whatever the best
policies are of dealing with communism in
Southeast Aisle or elsewhere, I and most of the
people f 'know recognize that there is noth-
ing sacred about the actions of the United
States. When our actions seem to Cause
the, deaths of many Americans and Asians,
the rise of governments like the Dm regime.
and all the other horrible aspects of the
- Vietnamese situation, they should be even
More Open ta 'constant reappraisal by all
Citizens, . -? ,Sincerely,
- LARRY M. LAWRENCE.
...........,
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS,
Chdrnpaign, III., July 1, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MOW: If available for pub-
lic distribution, I would very much appreciate
a copy of your speech on U.S. policy in south-
east Asia, made in the Senate on June 22. I
have seen no reports ofif in the press and
would like to read it for myself.
I have always admired your independent
thinking. SAN PRANCISCO, CALM.,
Sincerely. June 28, 1964.
EAT I. Sonittra, Senator Wavisz /loess.
rc& Associate Professor. U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
NE.w ToRil Isia INsionsNcs Co., DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I Wish to add my
' * 2lrouston, Tex., June 29, 1964. voice to thoee who have already expressed
Senator : WAYN*.VORSE, serious concern over the deteriorating situ-
Washington. D.C. ation in southeast Asia, where our Govern-
Dm Srassroa: You appeared on the "To- ment has committed itself to a disastrous
day" show on June 28, 1994. If passible, 1 policy of unilateral military action and nu-
Would appreciate your sending me a copy of clear brinkmanship reminiscent of the era
the comments you made -on this program. of John Poster Dulles diplomacy. Our coin-
Best persona' regards. mitment to prosecution of the war in South
- awls D. DAVIDSON. Vietnam, with the imminent possibility of
.,?.- escalation into a nuclear confrontation be-
Baa IIARBOR, MAINE, tween East and West, is an unjustifiable vi-
June 28, 1964. ciation of the U.N. Charter and the Geneva
Eon. Warsrs Moass, Agreements of 1954. As you made unnais-
Senate Office Building, takeably clear this afternoon on television's
Washington, D.C. "Issues and Answers," we cannot enforce
DUE Srabtroa Wass: I saw you, I think it peace in southeast Asia, or anywhere else in
Was last 'Friday morning, on the "Today" the world. if we place ouritives above and
show, and want to congratulate you on your outside the jurisdiction of international law.
Stand on Vietnam. 'That we should be there, To Judge from recent developments in South
it at all, only to 'keep the peace, not to make Vietnam, as well as the statements from
'war, and that we should better be acting Washington and our military command in
through the 'United Nations, seems to me southeast Asia. It appears that we are pre-
sensible arid just. t was glad to see that pared to risk an all-out nuclear conflict with
Senator CHURCH also favored U.N. action. China In order to have our way in that part
I am currently chairman of a local Mount of the world. It is preposterous to speak
'Desert Island Committee for Peace which of freedom and independence for the people
of South Vietnam and the rest of southeast
pleas as its, role the Atudy and propagation
Of intelligent means of cooperating peace- Asia. when we are conducting a brutal war
ably with all peoples. Last winter we de- of annihilation in which the native popula-
Cided that we did not know enough about tion are the victims of napalm, crops con-
the southeast Aida situation and that we taminated by poisonous chetnica7s. and vii-
should call in sorsiaone who could tell us the lases 'which are strafed and burned to the
facts. We tried to set up a public discus- ground
sion on Vietnam. r Wrote to Senator MANS- At this time, when American public opin-
Yrzto, who is a "classmate" and old friend ion is bewildered due to misinformation and
and whoml knew to be something of an ex- conflicting reports out of Vaihington and
pert on that region, for suggestions on Saigon, it is vitally important that you (and
speakers. He gave me no specific names, but the courageous minority in Congress, such as
referred me to the Univers ties of this region. Senators GRUZNING and MANSFIELD) continue
/ tried Harvard, Bowden, atei, and the /Int- to voice loud and clear your criticisms of
veraity of Maine without finding anyone. r present U.S. policy in southeast Asia, until
wrote to EllaWorth Dunker, who Is also an such time as the American Government is
tdd friend and whose experience In India as shamed into taking a course of action which
our Arobasiaactor should have given him in is honorable and realistic. In your speeches
? ht, butt got rio EirisWer?te prObably never to the Senate. and on such occasions as
tved My ? letter. -We contacted the your appearance on "Issues and Answers"
'QU'alferi, the''Turn Toward Peace groups, today, you have made an important con-
and others. We turned up no one whom we tribution to political realism, and what I
thought could give us facts. We finally hope to be the beginning of intelligent and
July 9
abandoned Vietnam as a subject and settled open political dialog on our policy in south-
for South America where I at least have in-
telligent celleagues. We remain in profound
ignorance of what is really going on, and
particularly of why we are there. I respect
the abilities of Mr. Lodge and Mr. McNamara,
but no decent American is going to support
wholeheartedly a war entered into by the
back door and under the cloak of secrecy.
I shall write to MARGARET CHASE SMITH,
from whom I have yet to get a straightfor-
ward answer, and to Senator Musass, who is
much more forthright, to heed your voice.
And I will write to Muss Msssarrxto and
?sonar Amen. / wish that you were 30 years
younger, and that I could be working beside
you.
Cordially and respectfully yours.
PHILIP R WHITE.
HOLLYWOOD, Catra.,
June 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C. in the Senate with keen interest and pride,
Masa SENATOR MORSE: I read in the news- and on several occasions (so he has told me)
papers with extreme interest excerpts from he has communicated with you by letter
your courageous Speech concerning our war- from Europe. (He has lived in Europe with
like policy in southeast Asia. I have written my mother for the past 11 years, where he
the President urging him to pursue the works as a safety director. Currently he is
course outlined by you. I would very much the safety director of SETAF, whose head-
appreciate receiving a copy of the speech if quarters is in Verona. Italy.)
one is available.
Very truly yours.
STANLEY FLEISHMAN.
east Asia. As in the case of Senator Put-
BEIGHTS3 remarkable speech to the Senate on
the divergence between myth and reality in
foreign policy. I predict your unceasing ef-
forts to arouse the American conscience to
the truth about Vietnam, will incur the
wrath and indignation of those who have rea-
son to be embarrassed and ashamed for
something which is indefensible. In closing,
I wish to convey my thanks and admiration
for your courage and principles.
Respectfully yours,
BART SMITH.
P.8.?If it is possible, could I trouble you
with a request for several copies of the
transcript to your views expressed on "Issues
and Answers." I would like to send one copy
to my father, Richard D. Smith, a great ad-
mirer of yours who now lives in Europe. He
remembers you from our Oregon days in mid
and late forties, when it was his privilege on
one occasion to meet and speak to you at the
fair. Since then he has followed your career
CLEARWATER, FLA.,
June 30, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I VMS appalled the
other day to learn over NBC-TV (Ray
Sharer) that you had labeled the President
as a "warmonger."
Perhaps this is just another Sharer inac-
curacy or worse still, an outright distortion.
I would hope so as such a statement can
only do irreparable harm to our cause in
Florida where we are seriously being chal-
lenged by the Republicans come next No-
vember. I do hope that you can disavow this
opprobrium and will appreciate learning
your more temperate views in due course.
Perhaps the most incredible part of all this
Is Senator CHURCH'S failure to defend or
dilute the assertion by Sharer.
Cordially,
H. B. Q'CrALY.
OMAHA, NEBR.,
June 29, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
My Dxlis SENATOR MORSE: I am enclosing
a copy of the letter I am sending to NBC.
It explains itself. I just thought you might
be interested to know how some of the public
reacted.
Very
truly yours,
C. F. BANTIN.
OMAHA, NEBR.,
June 29, 1964.
Re interview of Mr. Ray Sherer with Senator
MORSE of Oregon.
NATIONAL BROADCASTING CO.,
New York, N.Y.
Osussissessw: We heard the interview Mr.
Sherer had with Senator MORSE on the ?To-
day" show June 25. On the "Today" show of
the following morning we were dumbfounded
-to hear Mr. Sherer say that Senator MORSE
had called the President of the United States
a 'warmonger. This is a very serious accusa-
tion to make against a Senator and it could
do irreparable damage to a public career if ac-
cepted as true by an unsuspecting public.
We knew it was entirely untrue.
We have long been aware that Mr. Sherer
is one of the reporters or commentators who
slants his interviews by using questions that
are loaded or slanted, or by sneering in- ?
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flections of the voice Which change the
. - -
qtieetion into it disparaging comment: 'We
cOneluded, rightlY"I think, that 'this was a
tattle to- lint Senator Moaei in a very bad
light and'illioredit his views with which, no
"doubt, Mr: Shereralareed. This Mornifig_Me."Slierer read efetter "frOrn
Senator IVIMISz -an'cl stated that "the Senator
lied not 'balled President "Johnsen ii:"Warmon-
ger:"-i cOirlddeteet rib sincere feeling of "re
tret or apo ogy on Mr.Sherer' s part.
'I can see but two passible explanations of
this incident. .'"The 'first is that IVir.'Sherer.
Was-ebtripfetely,". unaware that he -1-iad dis-
torted and 'rnisquetect What The &natal' had
;Bald. Irthia-is,trne lie IsIncompetent and
should not have the responsible of report-
ing to a nationwide audience.
' The second possibility is that Mr. Sherer
deliberately' and knowingly "altered the news,
In winch case complete dishonesty would
be Involved. ?
Hither eiplariation combined' with the
e9rreetiOii given es4
It an apology?can excuse such reprehensi-
ble tactics to chop down someone Mi.' Sherer
disa,grees with. The incident has .the
peara.rice Of Inexcusable arrogance.
/ Can --aaaine: yen ?that 'Iroin now on --a
thither Of us ?will question ,the veracity of
.r. elves' statements.n,._-;ek-e2"t7-fori news
itennil which we, can corroborate, trOM Other
reporters on other networks.
I have no Connection- with Senator MORSE.
I do not particularly agree with him, and /
know he does not need me to defend him.
However," this flagrant violation of honesty
in reporting could involve and reflect nn-
favorably on any Senator, Representatiye, or
private citizen.,
hope this incident will anger enough
people in the country that future episodes
of the nature here demonstrated tv,11.1 , be
detected by , the public for what they are
anid be properly resented as, foul play.
Very sincerely, ,
.S.
IAnqe, CONN,,
July 1, 1964,.
Senator AY,NE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Dz,i.a S4-1-ArOi MORSE: It was my good luck
- to hear most of your discussion Sunday on
TV program "Court of ,Reason" on. Channel
2 from Boston. ? .. ---
I want to congratulate you on your _sensa-
ble and Rcalistic position on the Vietnam
situation. .I eanribt 1.11/49,K4an4_'..that "we"
aka.,peace-loVing nation have any business
In southeast Asip,.Orare.,scane obx mili-
tary men and others not so peace loving?
If there. is_ a problem there it should be
handled through the "United Nations-
'
As I did not get to hear the entire dis-
cussion on "Court eg_13,-e.asnh'-' Is it Possible
to get a few copies of the discussion.] I
have sonne friehls, that ,I Would like to have
read it. "
Also, Senator ,lyloRsE, your recent remarks
, , ,
in the Senate on -this same subject which
were printed in the CoNGREssioN,Ai. Rno,o_tio.
I would like,tohaye some, copies if they are
-1Ceep"- up the fight.
Respectfully yours,
- - - - "HAREM' ai?.m.c,o-LTTT.
_
Hon. WAYNc_IVIoRsz,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE; As one who is deep-
ly concerned with our, increasing involve-
ment in South Vietnam I WoUld like to
thank you for your wise and courageous
connsel and in particular for voting against
the confirmation bf general ?Taylor as Am-
bassador to that troubled part of the world.
PROVIDENCE, R.I.,
July .1, 1864.
f have two requests toniake of you. I Would portant that the American people get your
very iitueh appreciate receiving. copies of your point of view on the situation. Most of our
recent statements on South Vietnam. In ad- TV and radio programs are showing only one
dition I would appreciate any suggestions side of the story?the present policy.
you May have for increasing the visibility Your interview on "Face the Nation" was
of anti-interventionist sentiment. Both most informative and I feel that you should
'Norman. Thomas and I. F. Stone have pointed use your office to obtain time on other major
Out the -distressing fact that our "free press " broadcasts to tell the American people the
seems determincd to ignore your statements true story of the Vietnam war.
on'Vietnam, reporting them seldom if ever. Respectfully yours,
Ti the counsel of U.S. Senators is systemat-
ically'suPpressed how can the views of those,
like myself, who support your position, be
made vielble/
Sincerely;
" ROBERT SEKULER.
- HAWTHORNE, CALIF.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator MORSE.
DEAR SENATOR: Heard your interview on
the radio today and I certainly agree with
your point of view 100 percent. Wish I could
get a copy of your interview, also is there
anything I can do as an individual to help
your cause and viewpoint as far as the public
Is concerned.
I had a foster son caught in the Chinese
trap in North Korea and to say the least am
real unhappy with that type of a situation.
Sincerely,
HARRY B. PAY.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 24, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C,
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Last night, on TV,
I saw and heard both you and Senator AIKEN
express displeasure at the appointment of
General Taylor as Ambassador to South Viet-
nam.
Though I am not one of your constitutents,
I take the liberty of writing to you because
you represent my point of view in this mat-
ter?and to you rather than Senator AIKEN
beGRILS0 I met you once when you were visit-
ing here in my community of Highland Park
a few years ago.
It seems to me that the appointment of
General Taylor infers a hardening of our
pursuit of a military solution for the prob-
lems of southeast Asia?and further limits
our freedom to choose some other method
which could more nearly serve our true na-
tional interests in this area.
I understand that you have made some
comments on this general subject on the
Senate floor and would appreciate a copy of
your remarks.
Thanks again for representing my point
of view.
Sincerely,
ANNE BINCH.
? -
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR
THE UNITED NATIONS,
June 16, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: The Milwaukee chapter of
the American Association for the United Na-
tions is much concerned about U.S. involve-
ment In Vietnam. It is our opinion that
the United Nations organization should as-
sume responsibility for peacekeeping activ-
ities In Indo-China.
, We respectfully request that you use your
good office to that end.
Very sincerely yours,
JOHN 0. RTEDL,
Chairman, Milwaukee Chapter.
PACIFIC PALISADES, CALIF,
June 15, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: In view of the actions we have
taken In Vietnam and Laos, It is most Ina-
LEAH ROSENBERG.
HAREOR CITY, CALIF.,
June 16, 1964.
Senator MORSE.
DEAR SENATOR: I Wish to cOmmend you
for your stand about this stupid war that
we are engaged in in Vietnam. I can never
figure out why after the French were driven
out of there why our Defense Department
went there to get a lot of Americans killed in
a futile war over a country that don't belong
to us. Johnson, Stevenson, Rusk and Mc-
Namara keep uttering words about the
new regime and its merits, and it is not get-
ting anywhere. The State Department en-
couraged murder there, one of the ignoblest
acts ever staged by statesmen. Tell them
again to get our boys out of there.
Sincerely yours,
J. E. MCKENZIE.
SANTA MONICA, CALIF.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: We feel that the program pre-
sented on "Face the Nation" (CBS) be re-
peated again and again. All stations should
show it, because of its timely importance.
Yours truly,
Mrs. L. GOODMEN.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 15, 1964.
Hon. W. MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: In view of the many TV pro-
grams urging our total commitment in Viet-
nam, I urge you to make your voice heard
on other stations, such as the program on
"Face the Nation" as of several weeks ago.
Sincerely yours,
NORA SCHACK.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 16, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Srs.: Thanks for your fight to get this
country out of southeast Asia where it had
no business being in violation of the final
declaration of the Geneva Conference to
which the United States was supposed to be
In accord.
The United States insists it is a Christian,
law-abiding nation but after reading of our
atrocities in Laos and South Vietnam I
would like to know upon what we base that
claim.
Insist upon that war being taken to the
United Nations, where it belongs, and where
this Government is preventing it from being
settled.
Thanks again for your efforts, however fu-
tile, since I fear you are up against great
odds.
Very sincerely,
Mrs. ANNE E. O'CONNOR.
SANTA MONICA, CALIF.,
June 15, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Your -interview On
"Face the Nation," May 31, 1964, on CBS tele-
vision was so important that we urge you to
speak on all the networks. Yours is the
only important voice counteracting the
. ?.
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many programs which call for extending the
war in Vietnam,
Sincerely yours,
LEARN and Demure Hateanr.
111111.11
SANTA MONICA, CALM
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: ID regards to your
recent CBS "Face the' Nation" interview,
what can we the agreeable public do to get
repeats of your talk. Being so vital a public
service it should be repeated on as many
- other stations as possible. Having written
to other major stations, what else can / as
one do. Of course I'll advise others of my
like hundred friends to request your repeat
program. (Many already have.)
Keep up speaking out when and where you
can. More agree with you than you know?
Only not Many are writers.
Sincerely,
Mrs. hams TAX.
IMAM= CONN
July 3, 1964.
Eon. allows 3, Done,
senate House Building
'Washington, D.C.
DEAR Szeraroa no-DD: You and your con-
freres should do something right soon about
getting this situation under control and our
people pulled out of that rat trap.
Once the gerieral public wakes up to the
fact this Vietnam-Laos fiasco is another
Korea in the making?which is exactly what
it is?one LBJ and some few Members of the
present Congress Might well find themselves
looking for other work come November 3.
The great altruists, Who never get into
combat, say we can't back out of Vietnam
because we will lose face.
Well, the French pulled out after com-
mitting some 400,000 men over a period of
years, and is Mr, DeGaulle's face red?
Hardly. He is laughing at us.
After all, what is this word 'lace"? Is it
not a gentle metaphor for "raw power"?or
the lack of same?
President Johnson tella us there is no
Country on this globe we could not com-
pletely annihRate 8 Or 80 times over in a
matter of hours?and they all know It.
So I do not' thini we need be too much
Concerted about our "face."
But the Congress- had better get desper-
ately concerned about cox:limiting the lives
Of our children and our grandchildren?and
at once.
If this situation has not been cleared be-
fore November there Is likely to be such a
good of protest votes against all now in
Office--excepting those who stand with Sen-
ator Moasn?as could. quite possibly swing
the election.
Dont forget Senator, the women now vote
and every mother in this benighted country
Is violently opposed to any more Koreas.
With them this matter carries an in-
finitely greater priority than all the sound,
fury, and blather the integrationista can
atir up. My wife has told me.
You have built' up some little prestige in
Washington, Senator, and deservedly so.
There will never come a better time for
you to exert it.
Most sincerely,
HORACE D. &mono.
Senator WAYNE MORSE.
DEAR Smarm: We heard you answer the
issues on "Issues and Answers," June 28, 1984.
I'm sure more Oklahomans than our family
would like for our allies to join us in our
problems in Vietnam, And help keep our
plans of the United Nations agreement we
made after World War XL Pull support
would sure be ideal; also, more help in
Washington.
Thanks for trying.
ADA, OKLA.,
July 1, 1964.
JIMMIE Jo Teri.os.
Hon WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: This letter is to ex-
press my deep appreciation of your criticism
of our present policy in South Vietnam. I
was shocked when I saw the headlines in the
paper saying that the President was con-
sidering the risk of all-out war in South
Vietnam "in the interests of peace." / con-
sidered the statement wholly irresponsible
and extremely dangerous. But I felt corn-
pletely frustrated because t could not see
anything that I could do to stem this drift
toward war with China, except to write a
letter to the President which I have done.
Your statement gave me' a ray of hope
that sanity would prevail. I live in a uni-
versity town and I can say that none a my
friends favor the policies we are now follow-
ing. I feel certain that the majority Of the
people of the United States are with you.
I also want to express my appreciation of
your support of the public ownership of the
Pacific Northwest-Pacific Southwest extra
high-voltage intertie and of your support of
the acreage limitation provision of the Rec-
lamation Act.
Sincerely yours,
WALTER E. PACKARD.
Braxtimr,
July 2, 1984.
MILT VALLEY, Cain'.,
June 29, 1984.
DEAR Mn. Mons': Last night I heard you
being interviewed on radio by two ABC news-
men.
can't tell you how heartened and inspired
? was by your stand concerning our policy
in Vietnam. I know that you are very busy
with your work in the Senate, but I feel that
if you could perhaps make your views more
available to more people; to talk on tele-
vision, to somehow reach the people, and let
everyone know that there is another road
to settle the Vietnam situation, namely
through the U.N. and not by the way Mr.
McNamara and, unfortunately, President
Johnson are doing by involving us deeper
and deeper in this war.
Bravo to you. I wish there were more like
you in Washington.
Sincerely,
PHIL/P PATH.
MONTEREY PARK, CALM,
'June 30, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: / Whitt to add my
voice to yours in support of your sober and
enlightening judgment of our policies in
southeast Asia.
I wish it were possible for me to assist you
in the herculean tisk of awakening the
American people to the dangers Inherent in
our position. Even on page 6 of the Los
Angeles Times your words convey the basic
truth?might creates blight.
X wish you good health and a long life, sir.
Sincerely yours,
ISAAC B. SALTERS.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
July 2, 1964.
'Senator WAYNE MORSE: May I add my
little mite?
I mittreciate very much your peace efforts
A statement such as L.B.J.'s to the people at
Minnesota (I believe) a few days ago hardly
fits ,In with this age of potential mass
destruction.
I believe the booby hatch (Insane asylum)
Is the Proper place for people who are war
brainstorming.
May your and the Alaskan Senator's efforts
Increase in ratio to the rolling snowball's
proportions.
The booby hatch should also include the
reactionary Senator Goupwarss.
Best,
lerssim CHIOHA.
July 9
LEXINGTON, KY.,
June 25, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You are so wonder-
ful this morning on the Today show?you are
so 'right and our country is like a mother
or 'father who neglects their children to take
off to the more ego rewarding business to let
their own family go hungry?uncared for
while they do a lot of work for the poor?
very rewarding in publicity, etc. I would so
love to have a copy of what you said this
morning on the Today show. I have no
children so that angle is not a worry but if
we don't work under the law as a govern-
ment?why and how can they expect their
citizens to do so. if we belong and support
the U.N. why don't we use it?
DOROTHY SCHIMPERING.
NORTH NEWTON, KANS.,
July 1, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: I heard you on TV last
Week, also read about your work in "The
Progressive." I agree with you and hope
you will continue in your effort.
I have not read anything about your efforts
In the Senate in our daily papers but head-
lines like the one above are not hard to
find. These are the kind I do not like.
More power to you.
Sincerely,
SAM REGLER.
WALLA WALLA, WASH.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: I have just listened to your
questions and answers on the ABC television
about the United Nations Charter as it
applies to this country.
am in complete accord with your views
and the sooner our Nation gets back to law
and order the better it will be for us.
? only wish there was some way we in-
dividuals could aid you in your wonderful
defense of our great national heritage.
Sincerely yours,
RALPH TAGGART.
OAKLAND, CM.!?.,
June 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Although I am not
a constituent of yours. I wish to thank you
for expressing your views on South Vietnam.
I agree with you wholeheartedly, word for
word. /f / were a citizen of Oregon I'd work
day and night to keep you in office. We need
men like you.
You are one of the real statesmen we have
in Congress today. Most of them are political
hacks.
Good luck to you.
MPS. FREDA L. HANSEN.
GREAT BEND, KANS.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Smart:a MORSE: We heard your inter-
view on the "Today" show, last week, and
want to commend you for your stand on
Vietnam. As Korea and every place else on
the globe, we are sending our boys to be
slaughtered.
'We have no business in Vietnam, Laos,
etc_ Our CIA goes in and stirs up a civil
war and we follow up with our boys and
more money. _
/f you want to do our country a big favor,
why don't you go on TV some evening and
tell what you told that morning and all the
nit you know, when you have more air time
arid you can enlighten more people as to
what really is going on there. I also think
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a lot of it is to help the. Catholics?Kennedy
was the one Who sent in the first Amer--
Paris, tviiO diVided Vietnam into North and
-South. 'Why. isn't -Johnson impeached?
Where &cies the Constitution give him the
power to involve 'us in 7ar, thousands of
Miles from here end- on peoPle who?hafe
-done nothing tO us? "Let" theseThenfiri take
their quarrels to the UN.
-? We never atiggeSt countries take their
troubles to the tr.x: - Our smart?they
think?men in Washington send our 'boys all
oyer the world where we have no business.
Any two-bit niter can ask for our troops and
Money and we Send them. Why? They say,
"We will keep our commitments." Just
what darn tool gave all those promises?
Isn't it about_ time for whoever did it to
lose face, instead of us, our boys? -
It's time we had a President and Congress
who are for America. England stopped her
-draftin 1257. They use us like we still
.,- -
were her slaves,,
- -Get our bop and money home. More
power to you. Tell Us more'. -
Yours respectfully,
Mrs. N. CAMPBELL.
BAN ANTONIO, TEE.,
Julie 39, 1964.
?-,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senator from Oregon,
Washington, D.C.
DEA4 SIR: I ern- enclosing n clipping from
yesterday's newspaper?and I beg Of, you to
give this article some notice and publicity in
the Congress.
have . a SO/1 engaged in the fighting in
Vietnam and a husband who will surely be
going soon if this war continues. There are
? Many, Many more wives and mothers like
myself who are vitally concerned over the
lack of any, apparent concern in Washington
over this situation.
'Unless Opngress becomes concerned enough
*to force the present administration into do-
lug something about Vietnam there May not
only not be a Democratic administration
ftgr November,, a great PP-ay ,YrePibCrs
'of Congresa Mny, find their-Ise-hies -WithOtit
Jobs before too much longer. The American
public is finallY becoming aroused over Viet=
nam and will demand_ that some steps be
taken to end this war?one way or another.
We are 'fully aware that Congress does
not make foreign policy, but on the other
hand our repreSentatives should be the con-
science Of this country?and many of them
,seem to have fOrgotten that they even have
a conscience in this election year.
Again, I respectfully request you take some
-action to bring this to the attention orsTour
fellowAlemi?er;., of Congress.
Sincerely,, , _
, RosERT L, 9OLTE.
-
ALoEWaIym
,
0114 the niiiitarY 'situation Is coming
along fine now,' Gen. Paul D, Harkins stated
nine- 2g 031110, retuya, to WaShingtOn from
command in South Vietnam. , This, Was
apostasy, tragic to observe.
Fine, That's Defense Secretary Robert S.
McNa,mara's line. And it's uttcrlY heart-
breaking to see a distinguished officer ped-
dling that kind of _Pap under 1VIeNarnara's
:censoring eye. - God help us. This is what
happened to the prewar armed forces in
_France.
, Any of about 16006 Airiericans in _South
-Vietnam could tell you how fine the situa-
tion is. Our entire position is just a long,
drawn-out Bay of pigs all over again.
In anOt ?er ?SpSe--An-,-9vae,A., 11 ,TA ssl,p
at A ,waS.;4-_4119,11P-IgilIr
te a soldier:1'44er_ the gun, ,there pr. any-
Where, ever.
rt's easy to confuse morale with a desire to
fight. I've never _known ,ona_soldicr_ in a
thousand Who wqsta fight. Most fight for
a dozen other reasons combined; but oh, no,
not that one. Along with hunger, fear is a
universal emotion. It has nothing to do with
bravery. Anybody with any sense is afraid.
Fine? -Nothing's fine when you're getting
shot at.
NOTHING'S FINE IN COMBAT
Nothing's fine when you start to count the
missing and the dead, arid you do not know
how it could happen that one of them is not
you.
Nothing's fine when the road blows up and
your eyes go blind because something
smashed them closed. You're afraid to open
them, because you may not be able to see.
Or it's pitch dark anyway and your face?
do you still have a face??is flat down in the
mud.
Nothing's fine when you hear a Sharp, hard
ping?a single shot?and you feel the man
next to you in a jeep or helicopter suddenly
strain his body against? yours. A moment
ago he was your friend. Now he is dead.
He is lost, to everyone who loved him, and
to the world. He will never sLci morning
again, write a letter, or sing a 'song. He has
no hope and any hope of this world in him
Is` gone forever.
It's easy to discuss the problem of war?
in South Vietnam, Laos, anywhere. But this
'IS different and it is the essence of war.
One man. Men in their prime, dying one by
one.
WHAT IKE TOLD ERNIE PYLE
General Eisenhower once said in a letter
to Ernie Pyle: "I get so eternally tired of the
general lack' of understanding of what the
frontline soldier endures?the acceptance of
unendurable conditions?that I become com-
pletely inarticulate." Or listen to Ernie Pyle
himself.
We were in Italy. An infantry column
was coming out of battle. All ranks were
fip feet apart; for dispersal. So were Ernie
and I. The wounded were lying With the dead
because the Germans had shot our litter
bearers when they -stood up and Walked over
to get them. That night this is what Ernie
wrote:
"The line moves on but it never ends. All
afternoon men kept coming around the hill
and vanishing eventually' over the horizon.
There is agony in your heart " *. The sag
of their bodies speaks their in human ex-
haustion * * '0. They're just guys from
Brooklyn and Main Street, but you wouldn't
'remember them if you saw them * * *. Their
world can never be known to you."
Each day in South Vietnam armed Ameri-
cans die quietly, tragically, unknowingly,
obediently.
THE tr.s.DEFEA'rss AGAIN
? Gen. Maxwell D. Taylor, who personally
takes over in South Vietnam now, recently
admitted to the Armed Forces Subcommittee
that we control nothing there. "We corn-
=and nothing," he agreed. Fine? As at the
Bay of Pigs and the giveaway at Laos, the
United States is defeated again. But not a
noisy debacle, mind you, nothing noisily no-
ticeable. General Taylor's task is to see that
the collapse stops short of that.
On June 24 able Washington insider James
Reston wrote in the New York Times: "This
administration is not prepared to accept any
spectacular defeat in South Vietnam, partic-
ularly in an election year."
In short, Americans are just to die quietly,
tragically, unknowingly, obediently?while
-hobo sr rocks the political boat until Novem-
ber.
Isn't there anything?anything, anything,
anything?that can bring conscience into
politics?
WALNUT CREEK, CALIT'...
.Junp 29 1964
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I am writing this
jetter in response to the comments you made
about our unilateral actions in South Viet-
nails whiCh I heard on a recent ABC radio
program. No doubt you will receive very few
letters applauding your stand. This is one
of them.
I am very encouraged about the fate of
mankind when I hear a Senator make the
appeals to reasons that you did. A world of
law is our announced goal, and we should
live up to our professed beliefs.
You have my complete support in your
efforts to return the United States to the
community of civilized nations, and make
the world truly safe for humanity.
Thank you,
DALXEL LEITE.
NEW YORK, N.Y.,
July 2,1964.
- DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I Would like to
strongly commend and congratulate you on
the responsible attitude you took with re-
gard to the South Vietnam problem. I fully
sympathize with your position and urge you
not to give up your efforts for a reasonable
solution ending the war in that unfortunate
area, and consequently, U.S. participation
in it, as fast as possible.
Considering the desperate situation in
South Vietnam and the danger of the United
States getting involved in a major war as a
result of previous irresponsible policies, I
wish that more of your colleagues would
start following your example.
Sincerely,
INGERORG D. KILMER.
FONTHILL, ONT.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator W. Moms,
Washington, D.C.
? DEAR SIR: Having just listened to your
broadcast on "Questions and Answers," I felt
that I would like to express my thanks for
renewing the faith we have had in the
officials of the U.S. Government. I'm sure
this personal feeling of mine applies per-
sonally to many of my fellow Canadians. In
recent years sometimes there has been a
small doubt creeping in as to whether any-
one in power could ever possibly admit any
mistakes in their policies but having heard
you speaking so outwardly and sincerely on
the television show I have mentioned, once
again we have every faith in your powerful
Nation.
- Yours sincerely,
Mrs. M. COLEMAN.
THE THACHER SCHOOL,
? Opt, Calif., July 1,1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
SIR: I admire your courage in speaking so
eloquently in support of your convictions.
heard you on the "Today" show, and have
since read your speeches in the CONGRES-
SIONAL RECORD. As a teacher I support your
determination to call to the 'attention of
the American people the grave dangers we
face in southeast Asia today.
But if this is the Democratic administra-
tion's policy, how can one voice his opposi-
tion at the polls come November?
Sincerely,
M. H. SHAGAM.
SAN ANSELMO,
June 25, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: OUT thanks to you
for such a fine statement on American policy
in Vietnam that we heard on the NBC "To-
day" show.
Your arguments were given with the same
kind of political fervor that ordinarily can
only be heard on the far right. We were
glad to hear a Member of the Senate apply
this same spirit in the cause of the integrity
of the United States and in the cause of
_peace.
Very truly yours,
MTS. JULIE MATHEW.
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15684 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD --- SENATE
VAN Novs,Lur.,
July 2, 1964.1
The Honorable Senator WAYNE Momor,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR Moue: I have been follow-
ing your remarks on the southeast Asia ques-
tion during the past 10 days. You have the
leadership on the stateraan's approach to
the whole question.
As I just wrote to Senator Ciabinnwo, Red
China is a problem but it will be better
solved in debate, face to face--not only with
Mainland =ma but face to face with the.
whole world. We must "solve" the problem
with clean hands. The days of 1898 must
not be repeated in another area of the world.
I see some (like the Luce people in
Fortune) are thinking of dividing China be-
tween Russia and the -United States Russia
to have hegemony over northern and the
United States to hive hegemony over the
southern area under. / presume, Chiang
-kuo. This is the same old cul-de-sac
thinking and action.
I wish you Were heading a third party to
light a fire under both the old ones.
Respectfully.
Nam E. PRIfildort,
Associate Prolessar American History.
ANAHEIM CAMP.,
July 1, 1964.
Senator Wares Movie,
Washington, D.C.
SENATOR: Regarding your stand on South
Vietnam and Laos, a man who can keep his
head while all those around him are losing
theirs. is a man.
It may be you are ahead of the times;
evolution hasn't caught up with you: some-
times you seem e man among apes.
X ye known for man/ years that you would
be a good man for President, however if you
can somehow sfzarghan Johnson out on his
foreign policy, etc., it would be the next
hest thing to being llresident yourself, and
possibly then Johnson might become a great
President
Sincerely,
Senator WaYsiz MOUE,
Senate Building,
'Washington, D.C. "
DEAR SENATOR Moan: I have always had a
great deal of admiration for your independ-
ence of thought and action which fortunate-
ly was constructive and liberal, and after see-
ing and hearing you on the TV program,
"Iseues and Answers," on June 28, my admir-
ation multiplied, for you faced many issues
fairly and squarely and gave answers to cues-
tins which many of our political leaders
avoid and evade.
May you continue to be given strength
and health to continue representing the
people of the United States in so fair a
Manner for many years to come.
- Sincerely yours,
HTMAN RE2HICK.
DWIGHT AucHARD.
CHICAGO,
July 3, 1964.
?????????
[Reprinted from the Plain Dealer, June 18,
1984
AN OPEN' LL:TrEa TO THE H.S. DEPARTMENT or
STATE?HEEDED: itAessoams To END THE
WAR ni VIETNAM
The United States Is a foreign party to a
civil war in Vietnam. Fifteen thousand U.S.
uniformed personnel have been committed
to the battle. Casualties include American
soldiers.
Acceleration of the American war effort in
South Vietnam invites increased aid by China
to the Communist Vietnamese. Stepping up
the war effort risks the use by either side of
nuclear arms. Nuclear war offers no victory.
What is the alternative?
Negotiation is urged by Senator Wayne
Morse, Senator Ernest Gruening, Columnist
Walter Lippmann, and others. Recognizing
it takes both sides to make peace, we urge
Our Government to initiate a conference of
nations to guarantee a neutral Vietnam. We
support U.S. efforts to insure enforcement of
agreements. The United Nations can assist
direct negotiation. Inspection teams must
be free to operate wherever needed. They
can be backed by frontier patrols.
The best guarantee of enforcement is the
mutual advantage of the agreement. The
goal is a Vietnam whose independence is
guaranteed and respected.
Robert R. Archer, Professor; Raymond S.
Beard, Business Counselor; Marguerite
S. Bellamy, Housewife; Keith C. Hill-
man, Social Worker; Evelyn A. Black-
burn, Insurance Agent; Isabel N. Bliss,
Homemaker. William tit Bliss, Engi-
neer; Edith 0. Brashares, College In-
structor; Edwin A. Brown, Minister;
Rilma Bitrkman Sociologist: Bronson
P. Clark, Businessman; Sheldon D.
Clark, Lawyer; Lila Cornell, Homemak-
er; Marie P. Cotton. Homemaker; Wen-
dell P. Cotton, Salesman; Natalie C.
Grouter, Housewife; Elfrieda S. Daiber,
Secretary; Alan J. Davis, Minister; Hor-
tense M. Davis, Teacher; Jack G. Day,
Lawyer; Steven Deutsch, University
Faculty; Mort Epstein. Designer; Gall
R. Gann, Homemaker; Donald S. Gann.
Surgeon; Joel M. Garver, Lawyer: Paul
Gitlin, Social Worker; Henry Gluck,
Psychologist; William P. Heilmuth, Jr.,
Professor; Arnold A. Herzog, Lawyer;
Fred Huse. Office Worker; Sidney D.
Josephs, Businessman; Ws. Harry
Kirtz, Homemaker; Waldo H. Kliever,
Consultant; Dennis G. Kuby. Minister;
Jerome Landfieid, College Professor;
Ada N. Leflingwell, Homemaker; George
Levinger, Educator; John P. Marhevka,
Male Hair Stylist; Mrs. Edward A. Mar-
shall, Homemaker; Charles R. Miller,
Lawyer; Paul I. Miller, Profeesor; Hans
F. Mueller, Retired; Laura Mueller,
Homemaker; Sarah B. Nenner, House-
wife; James M. Newman, Advertising;
Paul Olynyk. Professor; Clyde Onyett,
Public Relations; William W. Outland,
Order Analyst; Samuel Preliwitz, In-
dustrial Research; Harold .1. Quigley,
Minister; Willard C. Richan, Educator;
Eldon P. Roe. Merchant; Marian Ro-
senberg, Social Worker; Ralph Rudd,
Lawyer; Audrey Sabadosh, Librarian;
Nicholas Sabadosh? Teacher; Wilmer
L. Satterthwalt. Painter; Vera A.
Schwartz. Legal Secretary; A. L. Sher-
win. Lawyer; Frank Spigel, Lawyer;
Benjamin Spock, Physician; Sam
Sponseller, Retired; Vera Scalsek,
Teacher; Oscar H. Steiner. Business-
man; Helen Stewart, High School
Counselor; Edward A. Taubert, Pho-
tographer; Warren E. Thompson,,Edu-
cator; Hugh Tyson, Graduate Student;
Harry 0. Way, Bacteriologist.
BEGroaD, Caro,
June 2, 1964.
The HONORABLE WAYNE MORSE,
V.S. Senator from Oregon,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
Dram Sinveroe MORSE: Enclosed is reprint
of three-quarter page advertisement-state-
ment which appeased in the Cleveland Plain
D-Wer the day the U.S. State Department
had a foreign policy briefing session here.
It made a stir, as you will note from the
report to the ad sponsors, also enclosed.
From Mr. Sullivan and Secretary Dean
Rusk I gather it is U.S. policy to continue
fighting until South Vietnam is established
by defeating the guerilla forces, then offer
to negotiate on the premise there is to be
a separate South Vietnam,
July 9
Since Ho Chi-Minh has been fighting for
18 years or more for a united Vietnam there
is an obvious deadlock. I see no justifica-
tion for continuing a war, with resulting loss
of American and Vietnamese life, which
would have ended years ago but for Ameri-
can intervention.
The support of the ad sponsors of yourself
is Self-evident. We hope in some small
measure to show Americans that our policy
should be negotiation now on the ground
rules for determination of the political
future of Vietnam?not what it must be.
Sincerely.
SHELDON D. CLARK.
REPUBLIC Or INDONESIA,
June 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENA'POR: I have just listened to an
interview with you by the press over Voice of
America?Philippines United States Armed
Forces Radio.
I wanted to write and express my complete
agreement with you and to urge you to ex-
tend every influence possible to influence the
American foreign policy in Vietnam along the
peace-oriented lines drawn out in this inter-
view.
I say this as a registered Democrat and nor-
mally supporter of Johnson.
Respectfully,
Rev. PAUL PEDERSEN.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
MY DEAR SENATOR MORSE: It WEIS my good
fortune to have heard your speech on TV
on the "Today" show. It was a magnificent
speech. I wish that every adult American
could have heard it.
This is being dictated immediately after
I heard your speech. It will not get typed
for several days, owing to circumstances that
I am unable to change, but the sentiments
will not change in the meantime.
With very best wishes, I am
Sincerely and very respectfuly yours,
JAMES H. HUTTON, M.D.
CHICAGO, ILL.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Ma. Maass: Each day people are being
killed in Vietnam, and when people are killed
there should be a very compelling justifica-
tion for it. I can see none in this case. It
Is obvious where the sympathies of the Viet-
namese people lie. They are not interested
in dying for an oligarchy possibly created
and certianly maintained by an alien power.
The right of a people to self-determination
is meaningless if we feel free to abrogate
it 'Whenever they disagree with our idea of
what is best for them.
The United States places a high value on
liberty and life at home. It is ironic that
we should be so callous abroad. We should
admit our mistakes instead of compounding
them, and attempt to negotiate toward a
neutral Vietnamese Government that enjoys
the support and reflects the will of its peo-
ple. A powerful nation saving face is not
worth the life of a single human being. The
spectacle would be ridiculous if it were not
also cruel.
If, as I suspect, the President is indeed
postponing a decision on this until after the
election?thus allowing the slaughter to con-
tinue at its present pace?I would find it
diflicult to vote for one so calculatingly cold-
blooded.
Sincerely yours,
MARcIA ANGELL ROM
BOSTON, MASS?
June 27, 1964.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE 15685
able to our place in the coming decade of
trade. You note that this is written from
the Pacific Coast where, in spite of the dust
kicked up by the ultraminded, there are
those who view with concern the fact the
European and Latin American countries are
not interested in our fracas, but in building
up practical trade relations.
In my own instance, this concern keen
though it is, is secondary to my very great
revulsion at the spectacle of torture which
we inflict on thousands of homes and fam-
ilies in order to support for political reasons
decadent potentates who obviously are re-
pudiated by their people. I find it very dif-
ficult to reconcile this with the humanity
which you proclaim.
Sincerely, s
DETROIT, MICH.,
' ,Tune 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR ASENATOR MORSE: I am sending this
letter to you to offer my sincere thanks for
your courageous and forthright television
presentation of the Vietnam issue yesterday
afternoon. Our war in Vietnam is an ex-
ample of how "tragically blind and inept
American statesmanship which in recent
years has brought us to this pass, has been.
The French were bold enough to pull out of
this deadly quagmire, only for us with more
remote interests to step in.
You have done a public service to spot-
light our disregard of SEATO commitments
and our bypassing of U.N. in this dread
emergency. Your appeal for honesty and
legality in dealing with this problem, and
your castigation of hypocritical and mislead-
ing doubletalk with reference thereto, offer
us the best that has yet happened.
Again I thank you for your leadership in
coming to grips with this situation.
Sincerely yours,
SAMUEL M, LEVIN,
Professor Emeritus of Economics,
Wayne State University.
Tucson, ARIZ.,
June 29, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR Sim: It is gratifying to learn of your
recent pronouncements regarding the 'U.S.
involvement in southeast Asia. All of the
controversy on this issue that is allowed to
. appear in the press centers over whether we
should step up the war or simply continue it
at its present pace, and it is indeed rare to
hear expressed the view that we have no
business there altogether?a view which, we
believe, has considerable support among a
large segment of the American people, but
which up till recently has lacked a spokes-
man.
There are all too few public figures today
willing to speak out on unpopular issues,
and we are always thrilled to see you often
fighting off the entire Senate?your one-man
filibuster against the communications satel-
lite bill, on which your colleagues were for
once quite ready to vote for cloture, is a
worthy argument in favor of unlimited de-
bate, despite the fact that the procedure is
generally used for far less worthy causes.
Keep up the good work. Only with envy
and embarrassment can we compare Oregon's
delegation in the U.S. Senate with our own.
Dr. RONALD jACOBQWITZ.
Mrs. ADA R. JAC0130WITZ.
BOSTON, MASS.,
June 29, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Cenate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR IV. Monss: I believe we all see things
you do and admire you so much for all you
have the courage to say. Especially in these
days when so much needs to be said and so
few have the courage to say them.
Mrs. ALICE HORNBY.
P.S.?I once attended summer school at
University of Oregon and taught history of
art in California college. I was a friend of
Bob La Follette for years and visit Mary in
Washington, and I know you were a friend
of theirs. I admired Bob so much,
SAN FRANCISCO, CALIF.,
IWay 18, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: Am so thankful for your fight to
withhold troops from Vietnam.
Have written to President Johnson and
Senator Ktrcnui., of California, urging them
to do same.
Yours with gratitude,
PATRICIA WERTHIMER.
WATERVLIET, N.Y.,
June 29, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
SIR: For some time I have been concerned
about our foreign policy in the world and
especially in southeast Asia. It was a pleas-
ure to hear and see you on television on
Sunday, June 29, at 1:30 to 2 on ABC news
on the "Issues and Answers" program.
I agree with you in your belief that two
wrongs do not make a right and that war
solves no problems but creates them, also
that the United States ought to pursue a
policy of peace and not a brink of war
policy. As a professor of philosophy I found
your arguments to be both consistent and
cogent.
Yours truly,
ALEX HETKO.
MILWAUKEE, WIS.,
June 28,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You are our only
great hope today as we are surely inching
along toward world war III. Your pro-
nouncement of emphasizing principle as the
basis of conduct in the Far East is something
that the uninformed and ill-informed alike
may understand. How can President Johnson
be made to see the light and the danger of his
policy? With the recent revelations of the
CIA and Pentagon more enlightenment may
come. How far are these men going because
of their idea prosperity depends upon the
vast heavy industry deals? To have such
courage as yours expressed comes only by
one in a decades but with your spiritual de-
velopment, you know that you will be the
beneficiary through all eternity, with deep
appreciation.
ANNETTE ROBERTS.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 29, 1964.
The Honorable WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: My husband and I
heard you on a KABC program called "Issues
and Answers" yesterday afternoon and we
don't know when we've heard such a marvel-
ous broadcast. It was thrilling to hear some-
one tell the truth about our activities in
Vietnam. I just want you to know we agree
with everything you said and hope there are
more people with us.
What can we as citizens do about this?
This morning the Times carries President
Johnson's speech about being willing to go
to war over this situation. Nobody asks the
? people any more. We're not willing to fight
but we seem to have no voice any more.
Perhaps, if you'll keep speaking for us,
we may see some sanity.
Sincerely,
JOE and CLARE GLOVER.
LOS ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 29, 1964.
HOB. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building.
DEAR MR. PRESIDENT: This is to express in
strongest terms a protest against continuing
and escalating military action on our part in
Vietnam and related area; also the replace-
ment of diplomatic representation with mili-
tary representation.
Instead it is to urge in strongest possible
terms that we lead out in seeking solution
through multilateral diplomatic action and
work toward U.N. collaboration.
Our present napalm orgy is hardly favor-
?
C. V. STURGES.
HOLLYWOOD, CALIF.,
June 27, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
Senator MORSE: Thank you for answering
the issues with the strong voice of reason,
this Sunday on ABC.
Let us hope that after election year emo-
tionalism and hysteria, more hearts and
minds will become open and convinced.
Do carry on with the same clarity of pres-
entation, honesty, and courage. May your
voice of dissent soon become the rule rather
than an exception.
We are with you,
YORAM KAHANA.
VANCEBURG, KY.,
June 27, 1964.
Hoa. WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
SIR: You are right on our foreign policy.
No use to fight communism 5,000 miles away,
when we are losing good men for nothing.
If the administration must fight commu-
nism, which I am in favor of, we could do it
90 miles from home. I am sending you a
clipping out of Louisville paper. Please read
It, and please cut foreign aid more.
Respectfully yours, .
ALLEN G. RAE.
P.S.?If you ever have the chance, ask Mr.
Lodge why he really quit his post in Saigon.
If you do, be sure and watch his reaction
close. Of course, he may be a very good
poker player. Do not take your time to an-
swer this.
Thank you.
A.G.R.
_ [From the Louisville Courier-Journal
June 28, 1964]
EXPERTS ARE WORRIED: WESTERN EUROPE
SUFFER/NG ACUTE ATTACK OF PROSPERITY
- (By Carl Hartman)
BONN, GERMANY.?Western Europe is suf-
fering from an acute attack of prosperity.
People are earning a lot more money than
they used to, and they're not having to work
so hard to get it. So they're spending it
with an abandon that has the experts wor-
ried.
Unemployment has just about disappeared
except in Italy. Even in Italy there are many
places where labor is short, in part because
high pay in other countries has drained away
skilled hands.
MILLION GO TO GERMANY
Almost a million foreign workers have come
to West Germany, and many thousands to
Switzerland and France. They come not
only from Italy and Spain, but from Turkey
and Greece and even a few from Yugoslavia.
In Wolfsburg, home of the Volkswagen,
5,000 young Italian workmen are living three
to a room in rows of neat wooden barracks.
A good deal of the money they get is sent
home?and helps bid up the prices of Italian
goods.
No. 136-11
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15686 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
In West Germany and Prance. thousands
of good sobs go begging for want of appli-
cants.
Xlie experts call this overemployrnent and
say it results in excess demand. The ordi-
nary European finds such terms hard to un-
derstand. Vo him things look pretty good:
Wages high, jobs easy to get, plenty of goods
in the shops.
The businessman never has had so many
customers, with so much money in their
pockets.
EAEMERE DO LESS WELL
Farmers are doing less well than the rest
of the population despite hefty Government
subsidies. Wages are so good and farm
prospects so relatively bleak that large num-
bers of farmers have found industrial Jobe.
But they, are not moving to town fast
enough to satisfy the need of factories for
labor. That's one reason industrial wages
keep going up.
High wages mean high prices?especially
in Italy where the law says price increases
must bring wage increases as well. The re-
suit is that the Italian economy is getting
as hot and breathless as a puppy chasing its
tail on a summer afternoon in Capri.
It's Italy, the experts say, where inflation
Is at its worst, although there has also been
a wage explosion recently in Holland.
Sand To UNDERSTAND
From the human viewpoint it's easy to
understand. Italy has long been a poor
country, with the average workman earning
only half as much as his counterpart in
France or Britain, and only a fifth what the
average American makes. Unemployment
Is traditionally high and families are large.
Between 1958 and 1063, national income in
the European Common Market countries
rose by half, and in Italy it increased by
nearly two-thirds. A lot of the money went
into food, but more and more into TV sets
and refrigerators.
In 1980, only 1 Italian in 25 had a car.
In 1960 it was I in 13.
The result, say economists, is that not
enough is being saved for investment in new
plant to increase production in years to
came. This they find highly dangerous.
=ALT IttrNS TRADE sEricrr
They are worried that the Italians are buy-
ing so ranch goods_ abroad that they are not
able to export enough to pay for them. Re-
cently the United States had to come to the
rescue and advanced a billion dollars to help
the Italians out of this particular hole.
France and, to a leseerextent, Holland and
Belgium have also been hit by this kind of
inflation. Up to now, West Germany has
been able to avoid it. Wages here have gone
up but production has kept in step and
prices have held steady.
They have held so steady, in fact, that
West German firms are filling their books
with Pleach, and Italian orders. Such trad-
ing is ravored by the gradual disappearance
of the tariff wall between Common Market
canaries, The big and growing demand for
German goods tends to raise prices at home.
Inflation can be catching.
CSIERTIN RAISES BOTTOM
? West German labor unions are coming up
this fall with some wage demands to meet
the price rises. if they get them, stable
prices will be seriously threatend in West
Germany, too.
? The experts say they have a remedy, hard
and unspectacular but effective. It's called
holding the line, and the West Germans have
shown its effectiveness up to now on a na-
tional scale. The calculation is that every
year roughly 5 percent more goods are pro-
duced, so a 5-percent increase in wages and
Government spending is also permissible.
But no more.
In principle there is agreenient on this by
the governments of the Common Market
countries: Prance, Italy, West Germany. Hol-
land. Belgium, and Luxembourg. It's often
a long way between principle and practice.
Practice in this case might mean strikes and
unemployment. it would certainly mean the
postponement of badly wanted schools.
houses, and roads.
The agreement was made in April. The
governments are due to report in July how
well they are keeping their promise.
OKLAHOMA CITY, OKLA.,
June 23, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have just listened
to your interview on "Issues and Answers."
Congratulations.
I wish we had more leaders like you in
this United States. Keep up the goods work.
Sincerely,
Mrs. M. L. ADAMS.
Srxrrixx, Roost & Co.,
New York, N.Y.
DEAR SENATOR; Please accept my most sin-
cere congratulations on your outspoken views
on our foreign policy.
I applaud your courage and your insight.
Thanks in behalf of all straight-thinking
Americans,
Very sincerely.
SIDNEY Roans&
Costrrox, RI.,
June 28, 1964.
SelIRIOr WAYNE MORSE,
Oregon Democrat,
Washington, D.C.
DZAII SENATOR MOORE: Today I had the
pleasure to hear you verify my very thoughts
on the Far Eastern situation ,in which, until
I heard you speak, I had felt so much alone.
For some time past, I have felt the big brass
In the Pentagon hs e been gradually prepar-
ing the public to not feel surprised when we
again go to war. I do not mean to imply
that this is done with that intention, but be-
cause of their way of thinking. And there
are many "Goldwaters," and so few have read
the 'Passion of the Hawks," by Tristram
Coffin, Congressional Catalog Card No. 63-
1528. I feel you will understand my feelings,
when I tell you, in the 74 years I have had
time to ponder, brought up seven children,
five sons at sea, all during the last war. It
will be men of reason like yourself that can
guide us through the troubled days ahead.
With best wishes and great respect.
Rowan W. Gatos,
Member, Democratic Town Council.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have read quite a
bit about what you have to say about Viet-
nam, in I. F. Stone's Weekly. I admire your
outspoken and farseeing views on this grave
situation. I have written the President that
I am against his policy and do not intend
voting for him, although I am a Democrat,
unless he changes. I am very much afraid
of the outcome. So, sir, keep on fighting
against war; there will only be losses. I also
read "Overkill."
Sincerely,
Lk-rrr SPOCK.
Po NTIAC, MICH.
SAN FRANCISCO WOMEN FOR PEACE,
San Francisco, Calif., June 20, 1864.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C.
DEMI Ste: We were shocked to read in our
newspapers that U.S. jet lighters armed with
rockets and bombs have been attacking posi-
tions on the Plain des Jars in Laos. This
is especially distressing in the face of re-
peated denials?the most recent last week?
that the United States is using jet aircraft
for military action in Laos or Vietnam. We
fervently hope that this report of U.S. armed
July 9
military participation in southeast Asia does
not indicate that a repetition of the Bay of
Pigs incident is imminent. As at that time,
we fear another belated public admission
that U.S. policy is being made by the CIA
and the secret government, not by the State
Department.
We were even more deeply shocked and
dismayed to learn that a general has been
appointed to the delegate post of Ambassador
In this most troubled spot. Again we urge
that you take every possible step to end D.S.
armed intervention in southeast Asia, begin-
ning with the dismantling of the Danang Air
Force Base, and that you use your good of-
fices to bring peace to this area.
Sincerely,
Mrs. GLORIA FELDMAN,
Chairman.
(Copies of this letter are being sent also
to Senators William Fulbright, Thomas
Suchel, Clair Fngle, Congressman Philip
Burton, and Secretary of State Dean Rusk,
as Well as President Lyndon B. Johnson.)
CHICAGO, ILL.,
June 29, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I think your views on the war
In Vietnam are a valuable contribution, and
I hope they will have some effect.
Yours truly,
Sastura. D. Lirrox, MD.
Drraorr,
June 28,1964.
0011 BELOVED SENATOR MORSE: Thank you
kindly for your wonderful answers on TV
"Today." If only we had more men like you
In Washington how different the opinion of
the world would be toward. our United States
of America.
Thank you again. Please keep up the good
work.
Very gratefully,
Veumus Faxer.
THE UNIVERSAL EXCHANGE,
Orlando, Fla., June 28, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senator, Oregon.,
Washington, D.C.
God bless you, sir. Thank you for the
straightforward statements you made to us
? via television today.
You said that these issues must be taken
to the people, and the people must be heard.
Will you speak at meetings throughout the
Nation to accomplish these purposes?
As you know I have been trying for years
to arouse the people to work for universal
prosperity and peace.
I cannot attract an audience to public
meetings, nor even get space in the news-
papers and time on radio and television to
announce my meetings.
I am sure your name and your message will
draw tremendous audiences.
The friendship room of the First Federal
Savings de Loan Association,. Orlando, is avail-
able to me for Saturday afternoon. July 25,
if you will speak.
Thank you,
JAY CRESWELL, Sr.,
Cotrustee.
[From the New Statesman, June 26, 19641
A CRUM, AND NASTY WAR'
Haw seriously should we take last weekend's
threats of American military action to "re-
store'' the situation in southeast Asia? Gen.
Maxwell Taylor's appointment to replace
Ambassador Lodge will strengthen the mili-
tary setup in South Vietnam, but gives noth-
ing to the hotheads; and President Johnson
went out of his way in announcing the ap-
pointment to emphasize that he was not
contemplating an extension of the war. On
the other hand, the deep, background brief-
ing, on which most of the Washington cur-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORI) ? SENATE 15687
respondents based their reports of renewed
American toughness seeing to have originated
with Secretary Rusk in person. It is thus
clear that the administration means this
further final warning to impress outsiders
with the threat of interdiction by American
bombers. It may still be bluff?directed, per-
haps, as much to Messrs. Goldwater and
Nixon as to Mao Tse-tung and Ho Chi Minh.
Even so, the domestic device of trying to out-
bid GOLDWATER'S lunacy is self-defeating.
The truth is that American policy in Laos
and South Vietnam' is now in a disastrous
situation. In Laos Communist control ex-
tends over four-fifths of the country; in
South Vietnam the military situation is on
paper a shade less disastrous, but all the
evidence suggests that, outside one or two
anti-Communist fortresses, most of the suf-
fering population would prefer to settle for
the hardships of a regimented peace under
the Vietcong than prolong the misery of
_ war and corruption under General Klianh.
If this is true, what would be the end of
aggressive American air intervention? The
bombing of Hanoi and the Vietcong supply
lines would greatly increase the prospect of
a direct United States-China confrontation?
and it would be imprudent to suppose that
the Russians could remain indifferent to
that. It would also harden non-Communist
opinion in the whole of Asia against the
United States. Moreover it would almost
certainly be ineffectual. The Pathet Lao
and the Vietcong are guerrilla fighters and
they will go on fighting, -hampered but not
suppressed by interrupted supply lines, until
either the Chinese call them off or the popu-
lations of Laos and South Vietnam find an
alternative which inspires their resistance.
The intervention of American bombers in
this situation could do nothing to change it
fundamentally, and any effect it had would
be at a heavy?even unacceptable?political
price.
There are in fact only two serious options
open to President Johnson. He can, if this
Is what he wishes, claim the Indochinese
Peninsula as vital to American security and
send in troops to conquer it. Such an opera-
tion might be successful in the end and at a
cost. But it would be a lengthy, difficult
campaign and it would have to finish with a
long-term American occupation. To almost
the whole of world opinion outside the
United States, it would seem both senseless
and immoral and it would command little or
no support from any of America's major al-
? lies, including Britain.
Moreover, when the full cost in men and
material was understood by the American
public, the war weariness which led to the
end even of the Korean war would be aggra-
vated by a sense of shame and exasperation
at the futility of an operation which failed
to distir4uish between vital interests?In-
dia, for instance, or Berlin?and mere po-
litical prestige. If the President is not pre-
pared to recommend this, the alternative re-
mains a settlement by negotiation?a settle-
ment which must include the Chinese and
which must in the long run involve? the
abandonment of 10 years of disastrous Amer-
ican policy. Unpalatable? Certainly. nut,
? as President Kennedy bravely told his peo-
ple a year ago, not even they can expect an
American solution to every world problem?
and the alternative (as the French found to
their cost) would be worse.
The Johnson administration now faces a
test of statemanship. Clearly negotiation
with the Chinese and the North Vietnamese
Is impracticable before the election. But,
short of an all-out war, it must come soon.
The President's best course now would be to
follow the advice which Secreta,0 McNamara
Is believed to be offering?to concentrate on
defending what is left of Saigon-controlled
Vietnam and the line of the Mekong River,
meeting Communist attacks with no more
than equivalent force. That situation would
be militarily and politically uncomfortable,
but, in the short term, not impossible. It is
the only course which leaves the door open
for serious negotiation later, to end what
Walter Lippmann has bluntly called a cruel
and nasty war that has no visible end. The
alternatives are escalation or humiliation.
MILWAUKEE, WIS.,
June 29, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Until I heard you on
"Issues and Answers" yesterday I was in
complete despair and I cried out to myself,
Isn't there one voice to be heard?
Re Taylor as Ambassador to Vietnam: I
came to Washington in May to lobby with
W.I.L. on Vietnam. We got to important peo-
ple in State Department. I'll come again if
you think it will help.
MTS. J. MARTIN KLOTSCHE.
[From the Washington Post]
NEUTRAL INDOCHINA STILL A BUEFER?ASIA
SCHOLAR ARGUES THAT PEIPING ONLY WANTS
A QUIET BORDER
(NOTE.?TWO weeks ago in this section,
Prof. Wesley R. Fishel, of Michigan State
University, wrote that the United States
could neither withdraw from former Indo-
china nor allow it to be neutralized. Our
only choice, he argued, was to "stay and
fight." Here is a differing opinion on what
our policy should be, written by an associate
professor of sociology and a staff member of
the Institute of War and Peace Studies at
Columbia University. Arnital Etzioni is also
the author of "Winning Without War," re-
cently published by Doubleday.)
(By Amitai Etzioni)
In the last few weeks, the United States
has again escalated the war in southeast
Asia by strafing pro-Communist positions in
Laos with rockets which hit, among other
targets, a Chinese mission.
Like previous escalations, this one did not
bring us an inch closer to winning the war;
guerrilla wars are never won from the air.
Like previous escalations, it involved us more
deeply in a war that continually costs more
lives and resources. This involvement, in
effect, has given Communist China the option
to decide if and when to turn this war into
a Korean-type confrontation.
If tomorrow, China were to match our
thousands of "advisers," our mass supply of
modern weapons and our aerial bombard-
ments, we would either have to retreat open-
ly under fire (which is quite inconceivable),
engage in a large-scale conventional war
(which the Democrats swore never to get en-
tangled in again after Korea) or use nuclear
weapons, which would at least push China
back into the arms of the Soviet Union and
probably instigate a world war.
A DULLES LEGACY
The alternative is not preventive surrender
but genuine neutralization. In examining
neutralization, we have not yet freed our-
selves from the Dulles tradition that sees in
neutrality the immoral position of noncom-
mitment in the struggle between the forces
of light and darkness as well as an invitation
to the Communists to try to fill the resulting
vacuum. That neutarlization is supported
by De Gaulle (and the U.S.S.R.) is viewed
,by many in the Capital as sufficient evidence
in itself that this idea does not warrant care-
ful consideration.
The critical question is not whether the
area can be neutralized but whether neutral-
ization can be made to stick and not be a
thin cover for an American retreat and a
Communist takeover. In principle, neutral-
ization can be made to work only if it is in
the interest of all the big powers concerned.
It is my central contention that this is the
case in southeast Asia now.
The key to our mistrust of a neutralist
solutiOn for southeast Asia is our expecta-
tion that it will result in Chinese domination
of the region. China is depicted by our
propaganda as a major aggressive, expan-
sionist power ready to engulf first the Indo-
chinese peninsula, then Malaysia and In-
donesia, and soon all of Asia.
PEIPING OVERRATED
A busy team of learned State Department
staff members and consultants provides an
endless flood of quotations from Chinese
writings and speeches to this effect. But we
should learn to distinguish between pro-
nouncements and policy.
In reality, China is neither a major nor an
aggressive power, and neutralization of the
area would be in line with its present foreign
policy. China's bellicose threats seek to cover
up a quite cautious foreign policy in order
to gain favor in the international Communist
movement without incurring the risk of a
major war.
China has talked about liberating Taiwan
for half a generation but has done nothing
about it. China has criticized Khrushchev
for retreating from Cuba but itself did not
try to move into next door Hong Kong, full
of pro-Chinese Communists. It -has not
launched an attack on Quemoy and Matsu,
3 miles from its mainland shore.
Far from being the aggressive nation we
tend to describe, it has improved its rela-
tions with Japan, Pakistan, and Ceylon, in-
creased its trade with Britain and Canada
and won the recognition of more than 50
countries.
In general, Communist China's pOlicy at
this stage seems to be to support weak neu-
tral governments on its borders. Cambodia
has been such a weak neutral country for a
decade and a half; Burma readily qualifies
for the same characterization; Nepal is not
exactly a formidable opponent or a Western
ally. Yet these countries are as free as
Pakistan or Thailand.
Even when India's defenses collapsed,
China did not take the risks involved in
marching deeper into the country but lim-
ited itself to holding a border zone that has
been in dispute for years, and over which
even Nationalist China recognizes mainland
China's claim. Once India was shown to be
weak, it was left alone.
None of these neutral countries has been.
annexed because China itself is weak. Her
agriculture is in a mess; her industrializa-
tion is floundering; a succession of admin-
istrative crises and food shortages have left
the country with a low morale; the Chinese
Army is poorly equipped; China has found it
difficult to obtain gasoline to fly its airplanes
since the Soviet Union cut off the supply; it
has no nuclear weapons or modern systems
of delivery.
For at least the next decade, China will
have to focus on building up its industrial
base. Whether that goal can be reached in
less than 20 years and whether China will be
as Stalinist and bellicose after that period
as it is now are open questions. For the
next 10 years, however, China is to be ex-
pected to prefer weak neutral countries on
Its borders over the risks of a fuller con-
frontation with the United States as a result
of a violation of a neutrality pact.
To be successful, neutralization must be
backed by power. We must make clear from
the onset that neutralization will win our
support only if China and Russia will com-
mit themselves to refrain from armed inter-
vention in the neutralized area, and that any
violation of these commitments will bring
our return with a vengeance, with whatever
force required.
We are now committed to protect the peo-
ple of the area from external aggression and
to assure their right of self-determination;
we can fulfill this commitment Under neu-
tralization by setting up remote deterrence
forces; i.e., by holding forces in a state of
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15688 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
readiness outside a given territory to deter
the Intrusion Of the staler side and If neces-
sary to counter it.
The zone to be?neutraitted has yet to be
determined. /deay, all of southeast Asia
should be included. North Vietnam was a
C'hinese rased for hundreds of years, and its
leaders still fear and resent Chinese over-
lordship. Given an opportunity, Ho Chi
Minh might well prefer to act like Yugo-
slavia, at least like Rumania.
But it might be too late for the inclusion
of North Vietnam; the younger generation
of pro-Chinese leaders might be too deeply
entrenched for this plan. Nor is China likely
to let go of North Vietnam.
It would be more realistic to neutralize
an area Where China would be unwilling to
Wept the Asks involved in continued or re-
newed conttiet with the United States: South
Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos south and west
of the 1962 neutrailzkion line (which the
pro-Communist forces have not yet crossed).
Such a zone would obviously meet with the
approval of France and have the active sup-
port of Russia; the U.S.S.R. seeks to contain
Chinese Whip= In Asia:.
neutral zone established in line with the
interests of all concerned might still be
eroded and a major war triggered if either
side, while peeking to adhere to its com-
Mittnent, felt that the other side had violated
the pact. That is what happened with the
1054 and 1061-62 neutralization accords.
Not only were they not backed by power.
but an utterly ineffectual international ma-
chinery ?was set up to supervise their im-
plementation. A fair-sized United Nations
observer force patioling the borders of the
area would go a long way toward doing that
job.
By Trifacing violations more visible to world
public opinion, they would become leas
tempting. (No US. force could deter a
major power intending openly to violate the
neutrality pact; that would be the task of
the "remote deterrezine" forces.) Such a
U.N. force would be Much more likely to
gain Soviet financial support than the peace-
keeping activities in the Congo or Gaza
Strip.
After a short period of pacification, free
elections should be held in the neutralized
territories under U.N. supervision. There
seems to be no reason why Cambodia would
not retain its =41 government nor why
Death Laos, shorn of he Communiats in the
north, would not continue to be governed
by the present Vientiane coalition of right-
lets and neutralists.
The fate of the South Vietnamese Govern-
ment is lees easy to predict. The present
Government has practically no popular basis
and suffers the onus Of being the puppet of
a !reign power. At worst, free elections
would lead to a nationalist pro-Communist
government.
As long as South Vietnam was prevented
by the neutrality pact from joining any mili-
tary bloc or being annexed by North Viet-
nam, however, It would still be a buffer state
in the way of future Chinese expansion. And
there is the possibility that with the return
of a saner life in Soalth.Vietntun, viable polit-
ical alternatives to the National Liberation
Front would emerge.
This Is not a sanguine picture. Surely we
would prefer to leave South Vietnam with
a democratic government committed to eco-
nomic development and social progress.
BM there Is no way of establishing such a
government; surely our massive economic
aid to a government by generals and our es-
calation of:the war have not brought such a
government closer.
The alternative in., southeast Asia is not
between figuriehing democracy and commu-
nism but between trying neutralization and
escalating a war in which no military vic-
tory seems possible; which devastates the
countryside, makes American support of re-
pugnant regimes seem necessary and leaves
China with the option to Involve us in an-
other Korean-type war.
Clausal& N. Mu.,
June 28.1964.
Senator Waves Moasz.
DEAR Seavares: Please accept my thanks
for the many things you do for all U.S. citi-
zens. I think you are correct about foreign
aid, the war in Southeast Asia, preserving our
wilderness areas.
A. 0 Coven.
Wzarow, MASS.,
July 2,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you SO much
for continuing to speak out boldly, wisely,
and courageously against our present Gov-
ernment policy of prolonging our participa-
tion in the civil war in South Vietnam.
Please keep up your end of the struggle and
try to get influential Senators, Representa-
tives, and burliness leaders to support your
views and those of many other decent Ameri-
cans. Who like myself are parents and voters,
and who deplore the cruel tactics df torture,
napalm bombings, pesticides used against
much-needed crops, which equate our actions
with those of the Nazis during World War II.
I wish you, and Senators Gauss we, BART-
sarr. Pent, and Anirzx could help our admin-
istration bow out peacefully from this hope-
less war?with the help of our allies and the
U.N. and turn the southeast Asia problems
over to the U.N. and obviously prepare our
people to see that China must be admitted
to the U.N. too.
Thank you all for helping pass the civil
rights bill too. I hope you have a fine
Fourth of July weekend.
Very sincerely,
RITA PAINE
Mrs. John B. Paine, Jr.
NEW YORK Crrr,
July 4, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington. D.C.
DEAR am: It is so heartening to hear a
sane voice in Government circles as regards
our treacherous, suicidal and unmoral posi-
tion in southeast Asia?but also how sad
and frustrating that you have so few allies
for your patriotic, just position.
We are beginning to wonder why our Gov-
ernment is so committed to protect freedoms
so many thousands of miles from home when
they can't seem to manage to protect a few
hundred civil rights workers who are down
in Mississippi to uphold the Constitution of
our land.
Mr. Mouse, your voice must be heard out-
side the Senate Chamber and committee-
room. This country needs you to speak out
loud and clear 11 we are to emerge from these
nightmarish times into a real blossoming of
our democracy.
Sincerely,
Mrs. H. BEATRICE 0. Scours.
BOSTON, MASS.,
July 1, 1984.
Dant SENATOR Moan: I have just watched
you on the television program "Issues and
Answers," and I would like to thank you for
your sane and courageous position on Laos
and Vietnam. As a young person who would
like to live long enough to marry and have
children (I am presently a student at Har-
vard College) , I have been most concerned
by the provocative foreign policy presently
advocated by both political parties in this
area. I feel as you do that it is extremely
unifortunate that nowadays politicians must
prove their opposition to communism by
exhibiting a willingness to engage in an all-
out war which would be disastrous for all
humanity, and I agree that the matter at
southeast Asia would best be hancned by the
United Nations.
July 9
I wonder if you are in accord with Senator
Funeenairr's suggestion that our Cuba policy
also be reassessed. It has always seemed
Ironic to me that our Government tolerate
the many rightwing dictatorships in Latin
America and the rest of the world, and yet be
so maniacally militant in its policy toward
Castro. Granted, the man is a dictator; but
isn't he preferable to men like Batista or
Somoza or Duvalier or that stanch ally of
ours, Franco? Perhaps here again our wisest
course of action might be to further freedom
through economic aid, unilateral reconcilia-
tion, and arbitration through the U.N.
Thanking you again (I wish you, and not
my cousin Levraurr, were the senior Senator
from Massachusetts), and looking forward to
hearing from you, I am,
Sincerely yours.
STrinisti SALTONSTALL.
finsinnmo, Mass.,
July 4, 1964.
Hon. EDWARD M. KENNEDY,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR KENNEDY: Concerning the
involvement in Vietnam, I hope you will
support the position taken by Senators
AIXEN, MORSE, PELL, GRUENING, and BART-
Larr on the matter.
We seem to be in Vietnam for emotional
reasons, not for the defense of the United
States. Defense of the country seems to me
to be the only constitutional reason for or-
dering our forces into action, unless the ac-
tion is called for by our United Nations
treaties. In the Vietnam matter there has
been no U.N. action, and there has been no
declaration of war by our Congress. This is
another Korea-like trap.
Indeed our security is endangered by our
presence in Vietnam. There Is no visible
military advantage there which we do not
have anyway from our naval position.
What we seem to be getting is a progres-
sive military socialization of the American
economy In the guise of battling communism
in the far reaches of the world. Does this
make sense?
Let's settle the Vietnam adventure before
war and ruin overtakes us.
Sincerely yours,
Wasann C FRENCH,
Cracurr Collar or OREGON,
FOURTH JUDICIAL DISTRICT,
Portland, Oreg., July 1, 1964.
Hon. WAYNE L. MORSE,
U.S. Senator,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR WAYNE: Just a note to let you know
that I was watching the "Today" show on
June 24 and was proud of your courage and
statesmanship.
We are going to have to do more than
give lipservice to establishing the rule of law
In our relations with other nations.
/ agree vztih you that this is the greatest
contribution which our Nation can make to
a world that will find it difficult to survive
unless it substitutes the rule of law for the
rule of force.
With every good wish, I sin,
Cordially yours.
ALFRED T. Sum.rowern.
WASHINGTON, D.C.,
July 1, 1964.
THE Eerros,
The Evening Star,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I suspect that Columnist Max
Freedman's attack tonight on Senator Moasz
was caused by his having been attacked for
associating with the Senator.
Last week (I thinie it was Tuesday) one of
your editorial writers was flaying Senator
Moss for being "gravely obnoxious" for hav-
ing said the United States was the leading
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RECORD ? SENATE 15689
1964 ? CONGRESSIONAL
threat to vgOrId peace. Across the page that
night Columnist Freedman was exercised
about the Johnson administration's having
stumbled into, in southeast Asia, a piece of
brinksthanShip unsurpassed by John Foster
Dulles at his wildest.
This similarity of view must have been
brought to Mr. Freedman's attention. "He
shouldn't turn tail, though. He was quite
right in his "brinksmanship" analysis last
Week.
Senator MORSE' is also quite right in ad-
vancing "the grave charge," according to Mr.
Freedman tonight, "that the American pro-
gram in Vietnam 'violates one international
commitment after another.'" It is not true
that "he commands no support for this
view," as is also claimed, because he has
mine?at minimum least.
I thought last week Mr. Freedman was with
the Senator and me.
Sincerely yours,
Mrs. DOROTHY MAUND.
GLENDALE; N.Y.
Hon. 115. SENATOR WAYNE MORSE.
DEAR SENATOR: The more I read about your
statements in Washington, and before vari-
ous committees and articles in newspapers,
on the T.T.S. foreign policy, you Are becoming
by far, my favorite U.S. Senator.
The courage and wisdom you have to say
the things you do against great odds.
- I, being a veteran of the first World War,
only hope that the Almighty will bless you
with good health and long life, to keep up
your good work. The people of your State
should be very proud to have such a U.S.
Senator.
Here's hoping, in closing, that the over.
whelming majority of the American people
will agree with you. And I may live long
enough to see It.
? Lots of good wishes.
Bzist SMITH.
STANFORD, CAL/V.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
' DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I agree completely
with your attitude toward the Vietnam situa-
tion. r think it is the only morally and
politically correct thing to do. Withdraw
from Vietnam is what the United States
should do. We, as you stated, should turn it
Over to the United Nations, too. Your stand
on the entire situation is very encouraging.
Sincerely yours,
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We have seen and
heard you on TV and we think you are great.
It takes a man of courage to say the things
you did.
But we disagree with you on the U.N. It
is a trojan horse and the United States should
get out of it.
Respectfully,
DOROTHY and RAY NIEDERT.
SENATOR 1VIORSE: We commend you on your
efforts to stop the war in southeast Asia. We
agree with you thoroughly.
We would appreciate copies of your
speeches on the subject?and the price for
multiple copies.
Please inform us of
to aid you.
Yours truly,
SAN DIEGO, CALIF.
NANCY SMITH.
ELGIN, ILL.,
July 1,1964.
anything we can do
Elam 1VIussAir.
VAN NUYS, CALIF.,
July 1,1964.
Hon. WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: We pray for your
continued health and clear thinking so that
your voice will continue to be heard, so im-
portantly, in our Senate.
Good wishes. We wish we could vote for
you.
Most sincerely,
EVELYN T. MOYER.
LEXINGTON, MASS.,
July 4, 1964.
WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I would like to express support
and gratitude for your recent warnings on
Southeast Asia and hope everyone will pay
attention to what you have said about the
problem.
Sincerely,
Mrs. ARTHUR .7. PENNELL.
TUCSON,
July 3, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: It is encouraging to note that
you and a few others in Washington are
talking sense on the situation in south-
east Asia. I and several of my friends hope
you will continue your efforts to extricate
the United States from a very dirty and
frustrating war.
Sincerely yours,
3.0. SPITZER.
BROOKLYN, N.Y
July 4, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Your remarks in the
Senate about Vietnam and objection to a
military man, Gen. Maxwell Taylor, as Am-
bassador made or rather gave me hope. Our
President speaks about the risk of war.
Does he forget we live in an atomic age.
I saw the President's remarks all over the
front pages and no rebuttal. I felt hopeless.
What can I do? But with voices like yo,urs
(someone showed it to me in an obscure
newspaper) I begin to have hopes again.
Thank you, Sir, for your courage.
Respectfully,
SYMA KAUFMAN.
CONCORD, MASS.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Thank you for your
strong stand about the war in Vietnam.
Your voice should be heard loud and clear
above all the threats of bombings and ex-
tension of the war against Red China. This
is as you say "immoral and inexcusable."
More power to you.
Sincerely,
ALICE LEE.
LAGUNA BEACH, CALIF.,
June 39, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
SIR: I agree with you heartily in your
summation as to the involvement abroad
into which our country's foreign policy is
leading us, vis-a-vis southeast Asia. The
foolhardiness of our unilateral intervention
there could but bring about a contest of
Wills between China and ourselves, a test
which jeopardizes the whole world. It
shapes up almost as though we are engaged
in "'Red-baiting," hoping to lure Red China
to move as it did finally in Korea (we dis-
believed clearly stated warnings then), to
the end that Nationalist forces on Formosa
may be unleashed to assault the mainland,
and all that hardware the military have had
around unused for so long, may be thrown
at the Chinese?which as you have said, will
only beget us the hatred of the Asiatic
peoples, if not the world. Would we allow
Chinese intervention. in Mexico or Central
America?
It was bad enough noting in a recent copy
of Life magazine, torture shots of Vietcong
by their captors, the Vietnamese, wherein we
Americans are indirectly implicated. Though
the Vietnamese officer administering the
"treatment" is quoted as only "doing his
duty," I believe that was the defense re-
peated by German war criminals and for
which the German people as a whole were
indicted. The hate reflected in the captive's
eyes perhaps is indicative of what we can
expect when they have license to do the
same (not that they are not using methods
of terror, but that's their guilt, not ours).
Could it be possible that there are
"vested interests" there in South Viet-
nam of which we have no knowledge, for
which our otherwise uncalled for unilateral
action was devised to protect? Could it be
possible that the loss of King Ranch prop-
erties in Cuba is what has whipped uP such
agitation in relation to that island under-
going social change?while almost complete
disregard exists in another dictatorship
every bit as ruthless in Haiti where the
Murchison brothers apparently have consid-
erable property?
Again and again, the issue of property
seems to be what we are called upon to
defend as against human rights, i.e., the
4esperate search of peoples throughout the
world to change the existing status quo,
and in great many cases to the end that
they may have opportunity for a more
abundant life, long denied. Just which side
are we really on? Life, liberty, and the pur-
suit of happiness?for whom?
Our pretentious to the "defense of free-
dom" has a hollow ring in light of the fruit-
less struggle by some peoples in the world
who have had to resort to whatever methods
are available?confronted by our "shows of
force," what can they think?
The British seem to have learned their
lesson, and the French theirs, but wer brash
adolescents that we are, seemingly may have
to learn ours the hard way, if we persist in
our present course of unilateral action.
That we could not have been more aware
of historical imperatives, indicates our sad
state of immaturity. God have mercy on
our souls.
Most sincerely yours,
C. W. CHASE.
--
LOWELT? MASS., July 4, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: You are doing a ter-
rific bang-up job of speaking up against the
involvement of American troops in the civil
war of South Vietnam.
As of the present I am thinking of casting
a write-in vote for you as President in the
November election.
Keep up the excellent work.
Peace on earth, good will toward men.
Respectfully yours,
CHARLES GISADLO.
Hon. Senator WAYNE MORSE.
DEAR SIR: I wholeheartedly commend and
thank you, for letting the American people
know the true facts about the situation in
South Vietnam. The course the United
States is pursuing is indeed a threat to the
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE
pellee Of the world. I hope your colleagues
In the Senate, will be influenced by your wise
Necks and INEt accordingly, so this matter
Will be put before the United Nations.
thereby averting a major war in Asia, saving
the precious lives of thousands of our boys.
arta millions of dollars.
Thanking you again, I am,
Respectfully yours,
EDrrii. HERSHEY
Los ANGELES, CALIF.
EiNYDER,
June 30, 1964.
Re request for additional list of liberals.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: Last Sunday, June
'28, I heard your discussion over the radio on
"Issues and Answers," and I appreciate so
deeply your courageous stand against the
U.S. Involvement in Vietnam, where as you
have often said, "We have no business to be."
It takes real courage and lots of it to
. speak out against a Government policy or
procedure that has been made popular by
such powerful groups as the political orga-
nization that is backing GatDwarza includ-
ing the John Birchers, American Legion. the
Pentagon, and others.
All of we liberals throughout our Nation
should stand squarely behind you, Senator
Moasz, and let you know that we are with you
and the others, Senators Cutracti- ?BuzauNo,
DI.IN JOHNSTON, JAMES EaU3TLAND, and Mika
MANSFIELD. The action our Government has
embarked on is a form of imperialism that in
some Ways is almost as bad politically, eco-
nornicany, and humanitarianly as was pro-
cedure used by England, France, Spain, Por-
tugal, the Dutch, and others during the pe-
riod that they were building their empires.
It is our duty as liberals to band together
and try in every way possible to stop this
aggressive action before the United States
gets so deeply involved that It can't atop
short of bringing on another major war.
Senator Moue, there surely must be other
liberal Senators and Representatives that be-
lieve as you do and if they receive the right
kind of encouragement might join in with
you, and won't you please appoint someone
*in your office to make a list of all who believe
as you do whose names I do not have, so that
I may also write them, and If any are up for
reelection I will try to send a contribution
to help on their campaign expenses.
Most sincerely yours,
G. W. Extant, Sr.
EDITOR,
The Seattle Times,
Seattle, Wash.
SEATTLE, WasH.,
.flay 2, 1964.
DEAR ent: It would be enlightening to
know what factual basis the Times has for
stating that Senator Moasz's "dangerous dis-
tortions go far beyond competent criticism"
when he opposes administration policies in
South Vietnam (July 1).
There seems to be considerable evidence
to justify Senator Moasz's description of
Major General Ehanh, head of the Govern-
ment, as a "tinhorn tyrant."
General Khanh recently arrested nine top
political opponents who asked for the release
of two prisoners. He banned a newspaper,
"Tien" (Progress) because it spoke of the
general's regime as the so-called democratic
got/eminent. Another newspaper was banned
for criticizing the failure of the Government
adequately to protect the America/a aircraft
ferry that had been bombed by the Vietcong.
The general has already closed down more
than 20 journals.
I salute Senator Mosses integrity and
courage In joining the unpopular minority
Who are trying' to let the American people
know how dangerous and self-defeating our
policies are in southeast Asia.
Sincerely yours,
MARY FARQUHARSON,
Dime Sze/Aron MORSE: More power to you.
I wish to heaven the two Senators from this
State were in your class.
Maas FaacinHAasow,
LA JoLLA,
June 28, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I have just been lis-
tening to your TV interview today and I want
you to know that I am saying here, here, I am
with you. The ominous war cloud again
growing over southeast Asia needs to be
spotted and dispersed, and I hope there will
be a growing sentiment to back your warn-
ings. More power to you.
Sincerely,
MARY MASON.
ALHAMBRA, CALIF.,'
July 1, 1964.
Re the shocking and brutal war in Vietnam.
Eorrost,
Life Magazine,
New York, N.Y.
SIR: The shocking photographs shown in
the June 12. 1964, issue of Life, are "ipso
facto" proof of guilt as well as positive
Identification of the guilty.
These shocking offenses against the body of
prostrate and shackled prisoners are against
all canon laws pertaining to treatment of
human beings.
Crimes against humanity must not go un-
punished. The guilty should be ttela for in-
ternational war crimes trials, regardless of
national origin, color, or race.
To date of beginning of World War II,
beating a prisoner with a cane, "the tortur-
ing went on intermittently for nearly 3
hours." "A captive turns to avoid choking
on water poured into his nose," by these
minions of the devil, would have called for a
court-martial and a prison sentence or,
possible summary execution of the guilty.
Senator WAYNE Mouse (Oregon) has stated,
"that the American program in Vietnam,
violates one international commitment
after another. Why are American soldiers
there?
Let the preacher from the pulpit preach
and let all the Christian people in Christen-
dom rise up as one nation and put a stop to
this shocking and brutal war.
As a veteran of World War I, I recall with
sorrow the mockery of the slogan on 1017-18.
"To make the world safe for democracy" and
"this is the war that is to end all wars."
Yours for world peace and not for World
War III.
PAUL M. SMITH,
Copy to Senator WAYNE Moasz, Oregon,
Washington, D.C.
HOE. WAYNE MORSE,
U.S. Senate,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SLR: My wife and I would like to
thank you for your sanity and courage in
opposing the administration's Asian policy.
It's become fairly obvious to us that, our
Government hasn't always been practicing
what it preaches. We had practically given
up hope that there was a man of reason in
government who would speak out.
We have been appreciative of your liberal,
common sense stands in the past.
I feel sure that there are large numbers
of Americans who feel the same way we do
about our aggression in Asia.
We wish you the best of luck. Genera-
tions to come will remember and be grateful
to you and those few like you.
Sincerely.
CLAUDE HASTY.
FRESNO, CALIF.,
June 28, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SIR: I am writing to offer whatever
encouragement I can in your effort to deflect
the insane warmongers of U.S. policy in
southeast Asia. From the material made
available by most of our daily newspapers
(even here in New York) it is extremely dif-
ficult to form a rational estimate of current
happenings; the few accurate reports on
your speeches in such journals as the Na-
tional Guardian have been a most welcome
note of sanity in our present circumstances.
If our country ever gets out of its present
position of being the leader of all the most
reactionary forces in the world, much of the
thanks will be owed to you. Please accept
the gratitude of one citizen. I hope that we
are not too alone in this struggle.
I am a graduate of the University of Ro-
chester (1961), have been attending the
New School for Social Research this past
year, and will be attending the City College
of New York this coming fall (working on
a master's degree in philosophy). / am writ-
ing as a private citizen, and do not represent
any political party (what political party
could anyone not in favor of preventive war
join under present circumstances?).
Sincerely,
July 9
Baoox.Lvsr, N.Y.,
July 1,1964.
JAMES JOHNSON.
SANTA BARBARA, CALIF.,
July 2, 1964.
Senator WAYNE MORSE,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR: / jUSL read your speech of
June 2 as reprinted in the Liberal Democrat
with which I thoroughly agree. I hope you
will keep up the strong opposition to this
Vietnam project of the Pentagon.
I can best express my opinion by enclos-
ing a copy of a letter I wrote to William
Winter the other day.
Best wishes,
Ievuro F. Lwow,
Mr. WILLIAM WINTER,
Editor, "William Winter Comments",
Sausalito, Calif.
DEAR M. Wurrea: Your May 4 issue which
I just read (forwarded from Honolulu) says
"we have been deceived"?about Vietnam,
etc.
have a theory of deception even worse
than yours, viz: No military strategist in his
right mind would undertake to maintain a
landing by conventional tactics on a coast
8,000 miles away from his base, with 700
million potential enemies in the hinterland
and the coastal inhabitants indifferent or
even hostile.
Therefore, since Pentagon strategists have
done this, and have gradually increased our
forces in Vietnam from a few advisers to
now 18,000, and are now pressing for more;
and since I don't believe they are entirely
crazy, / deduce that they have had in mind
from the beginning the possibility of using
nuclear weapons either on Hanoi or Peiping
or both whenever the necessity arose. They
would figure this might be a good chance
for some practice. By the use of nuclear
weapons they might maintain an otherwise
untenable position.
Furthermore, I suspect that the buildup
for peace which has been going on ever since
last Christmas, has been to prepare the
American public for the bad news that we
now must undertake another oriental war,
this time even worse than Korea.
The administration can now point to its
peaceful record?"you see, we have used every
means to cultivate world peace and diminish
friction?now regretfully we are forced into
war."
JUNE 30, 1964.
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1964 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -- SENATE
And, of course, the public will fall for it,
the poor fish.
Best wishes,
Invtiste LAUCKS.
P.S.?I note your good plug for he center
in same issue. I hope to see you in Santa
Barabara some day.
NEWTON LOWER PALLS, MASS.
. July 3, 1964.
PEAR SENATOR MORSE: My heartfelt support
to you in your courageous speaking out
against the administration's move worward
escalation in southeast Asia. Please keep up
this opposition,
Sincerely,
LESTER GRINSPOON, MD.
TACOMA, WASH.,'
? June 29, 1964.
CAMBRIDGE, MASS.,
July 1, 1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: This morning, I read
in the New York Times a letter from Nor-
man Thomas, and I received a letter from
Pax which quotes N. Thomas.
I am happy to say that I support you in
your stand on South Vietnam. In the French
newspaper Monde, I read a report on your
comments, and approve of them.
May I say that I am, with best regards.
Yours very sincerely,
MARCEL FRABIGON.
THE LETTER. Box,
Editor, Tacoma News Tribune.
PEAR, SENATOR MORSE: This is a copy of a
letter' to the "Tacoma News Tribune?our
only newspaper. Hurrah for your courage
and understanding.
HAROLD BASS.
"BACKS SENATOR MORSE
, .?.,.
"DEAR EDITOR: Senator wssun saoasz, of
Oregon, deserves the praise and support of
the American people for his courageous con-
demnation of "McNamara's War" in south-
east Asia. It is tragic that only a handful
of our Congressmen realize what complica-
tions would grow out of expanding that war.
Not only would there be the certainty of
Chinese participation but the very nature
of the terrain would impel us to use tactics
that would arouse the condemnation of most
Afro-Asians and perhaps the world.
"It would not be expedient for us to meet
the enemy man to man in the jungle; we
would make extended use of air power,
napalm, poison sprays and atomic weapons.
These indiscriminately directed as they are
: not only against people but to the destruc-
tion of vegetation and the soil itself, would
incite the flaming hatred of most Asian peo-
- pies. They feel what We seem sometimes to
forget?that life itself is sustained by the
"Good Earth." They know that, to date,
such weapons have been used only against
Asiatics. We, without our great wealth and
atomic might would be regarded as the great
. bully endeavoring by superior size and
weight to subdue the brave but poorly
equipped underdog.
"Moreover, what could we do with those
parts of east Asia we might subdue? We
have not ,been able to produce commendable
results in South Korea where, in 12 years,
though our country has expended billions
of dollars, the government is honeycombed
with corruption, millions are unemployed
and hungry, and tens of thousands of stu-
dents are demonstrating in opposition the
trend to put Japan back into control of
South Korean business and affairs. True, it
would ease Or load if Japan could manage
South Korea; but to Asiatic peoples it looks
like we are for turning the clocks back.
Could we do any better in Southeast Asia?
Let's support Senator MORSE'S effort to get
us oUt,of there.
'Yours ye r4t sincerely,
' ""Rev. HAROLD Y. BASS
Oillsicle Community Church.'''
SEATTLE, WASH.,
June 27, 1964.
Senator WAYNE Mown,
Washington, D.C.
DRAR SENATOR: Thank you for your stand
on war.
R. D. FREER,.
PHILADELPHIA, PA.,
July 2,1964.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: In the National
Guardian I have read your statement regard-
ing the South Asian war. I admire you for
trying to raise the issue involved for the
opposition to this war. This war as I see it
is a Pentagon war used solely for the purpose
of testing weapons and war gadgets. That is
all, except for a church grail).
A recent letter from a soldier in this area
wrote a letter and published in the Philadel-
phia Bulletin?in long, long?that testing of
war gadgets is essential true?the main pur-
pose. This next door neighbor to a fellow
who defends the other side is on the spot of
getting his scholarship revoked by the flag
wavers.
The GeFEDR/1 military in 1914 was the
strongest and best. Look where it led Ger-
many. During the World War II the German
military was the strongest in the world.
Look at the result. Now the U.S. military
is the strongest. If this military sustains its
Asian policy it too can bring this country to
a brink of disaster.
You deserve much credit for speaking out
as you do against a fatal policy than can
only lead to discredit.
Cordially,
P.S.?DEAR SENATOR MORSE: I would like to
sign this letter. If I ctid it really could get
me in trouble?so please excuse me for not
doing so.
Los ANGELES, CALIF.,
June 28, 1964.
Hon. Senator WAYNE MORSE: I want to
thank you for your truthful appraisal of
our policy in Vietnam.
We, the people, are very confused about
our interference there, and hope that it will
be brought out to all of us, that we must stay
out of envolvement that will bring about a
war in which our scw?will have to take part.
Thank you.
ETTA ISAACMAN.
MARKHAM, ILL.,
July 2, 1964.
15691
ger implicit in these days of nuclear power,
and I am sure, many millions of other Ameri-
cans who have no voice also wish for a true
peace.
Respectfully yours,
BENJAMIN T. Scorr.
OREGON DEMOCRATIC CONVEN-
TION UNANIMOUSLY REJECTS
SECRETARY 'UDALL'S PROPOSED
ELECTRIC POWER INTERTIE
ARRANGEMENT WITH PRIVATE
UTILITIES
The Honorable WAYNE MORSE,
The U.S. Senate,
Senate Office Building,
Washington, D.C.
DEAR SENATOR MORSE: It was with deep
gratification that my wife and I read of your
sane approach toward a solution to the un-
declared war we are waging in South Viet-
nam.
It was particularly refreshing when so
many elected officials are actually leading
mass hysteria for war with any government
with whom the United States differs politi-
cally.
Your lone voice must take the same kind
of personal integrity and courage as must
have faced Abraham Lincoln when as a
U.S. Senator, he alone opposed the then
"popular" war against our neighbor, Mexico.
I urge you to continue your fine effort
toward awakening America toward the dart-
Mr. MORSE. Mr. President, while
the Democratic convention in Oregon
last week almost unanimously, with only
one dissenting vote in support of the
administration policy, called for a sub-
mission of the jurisdiction of the war
in South Vietnam to the United Nations,
they unanimously rejected Secretary
Udall's present proposal for an intertie
arrangement in connection with the so-
called electric power intertie arrange-
ment with private utilities on the Pacific
coast.
Let me make very clear, Mr. Presi-
dent, that the Oregon Democratic con-
vention does not object to the sale of
power into California, and other West-
ern States from the Bormeville system;
nor does it, of course, object to the sale
of Canadian power, after the Canadian
treaty is implemented. Other States
are entitled to their share of the power,
too.
The senior Senator from Oregon has
never taken the position that the Pacific
Northwest has a monopoly on, or mo-
nopoly ownership of the power that is
developed from dams that have been
built with the money of all the taxpay-
ers of the country.
But we do have a Federal power policy.
That Federal power policy is a sound
policy. Our Federal power policy gives
certain rights, benefits, and protections
to so-called public power preference
users.
The Democratic Party convention last
Saturday wanted to know the specific
details of the protection that Secretary
Udall proposes as a guarantee in carry-
ing out the long existing Federal power
policy. They wanted to be certain of
protections such as those enacted into
law, for example, when the Bonneville
Act was adopted in the first place.
I am in accord with the critics at that
convention who hold that the agreement
as tentatively proposed by the Secretary
of the Interior does not contain those
guarantees and protections. That is
why the Oregon convention went on rec-
ord rejecting the agreement in its pres-
ent form as submitted by the Depart-
ment of the Interior to the appropriate
committees of the Congress.
Last Thursday I spoke on this subject
on the floor of the Senate after testify-
ing before the Senate committee. I
stand on every word that I said last
Thursday. I made my plea then that the
proposed intertie agreement be made
more specific.
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15692 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? SENATE July 9
The convention also went on record
as opposing any agreement on the west
coast intertie arrangement unless there
Is written into the agreement the con-
struction of a Federal line from Hoover
Dam into Nevada. Arizona, and the
other areas to be served by that line.
As the convention pointed out, and as
some of us in our testimony last week
also pointed out, that line is assential
if we are to have a public power yard-
stick cheet against the private utilities.
Such a check is needed if we are to pro-
tect the consumers who will buy the
power.
We will find an insistence limn the
maintenance of such, a check from the
Industrial power consumers. There is
no group more Insistent that such a
yardstick check be maintained than in-
dustry itself, because industry knows
what happens to its power rates if a
private utility is given control of dams
built by the taxpayers' money. If we
gife them control of the transmission
lines, we might as well give the power
at bus bar.
I stress again that I am highly de-
sirous of working out a satisfactory
arrangement or agreement that will pro-
tect the legitimate--and I underline the
Word "legitimate"?Interests of the Pub-
lic utilities, the legitimate interests of
the public power group, the legitimate
interests of the public power preference
users, and, most of all, the legitimate
interests of the taxpayer.
I am satisfied that the interest of the
taxpayer will not be protected under the
Udall agreement as offered in its present
form. That is why the two Senators
from Oregon have already served notice
that we shall oppose the intertie agree-
ment in its present form. I am hoping
that in the weeks and months ahead we
can work out with the Secretary of the
Interior and with all parties concerned
a satisfactory adjustment of the differ-
ences. -
One provision, for instance, that must
be deleted is that which would permit
an escape from the assurance that an
all-Federal transmission line will be built
from The Danes to Hoover Dam. I refer
to the sentence on page 25 of the Secre-
tary's report which indicates that it
Might in the future be possible to build
that line through contracts with private
utilities.
Under no circumstances, if we look at
the agreement in its entirety, would any
such proposal be acceptable or satisfac-
tory to the Senators from Oregon.
In light of the discussion, the debate,
and the resolution adopted by the Demo-
cratic Party convention in Oregon last
July 4, the present administration would
be well advised to note now that it is
headed for the type of an all-out fight on
the power issue in my State, such as past
administrations, both Democratic and
Republican, have experienced in the last
25 years. It will come if there is any
attempt to underwrite an agreement,
such as the, one proposed, which would
not give preference, in effect, to the pub-
lic preference users under existing law,
but would, rather, in effect give prefer-
ence to the private utilities.
Now is the time to avoid such a con-
troversy. Now is the time to insist that
the Secretary of the Interior offer an
agreement that cannot possibly be used,
or have language in it that can possibly
be used, as a device to circumvent or
evade a great power policy that has
served the best interests of the people
of this country for a long time.
I would have the administration care-
fully reflect before it puts a stamp of
approval on the present proposal of the
Secretary of the Interior. I would recall
to the memory of the Johnson adminis-
tration, for that period of meditation
and reflection, the names of some of our
great conservationists and great bipar-
tisan developers of our natural resources.
I would have the Johnson administra-
tion recall the contribution of Pinchot,
of Hiram Johnson, of Charles McNary,
of Norris, of La Follette, of Brookhart,
of Wheeler, of Clarence Dill, and many
others.
Those Republican and Democratic
conservationists are cataloged by some
as progressive liberals, and they truly
were. They were the great progressive
liberals of a bygone day who wrote into
the statute books of our country a set
of laws that give to the consumers of our
country the protection that they need
against the hijacking and exploiting
policies of the private utilities of this
country. These practices would no doubt
appear if we should permit the private
utilities ever to go unchecked.
Many of us are concerned about the
proposed Udall agreement on the Inter-
tie because, although we have the same
objective in mind, we do not believe that
the machinery or the principles set up
in the proposed agreement will accom-
plish that fine objective.
I plead with the administration that
they not rush this project, but that we
take our time on it. They are not going
to persuade me with the argument that
If we do not get something done very
quickly, Bonneville rates may have to be
raised. I do not intend to sell out the
Interests of the people of my State for
any mess of pottage. r want a sound pro-
gram. I do not intend to be rushed into
this. The proposed agreement, in my
judgment, needs much reconsideration
and redrafting.
This is not the first time that I have
found myself in this position. Not so
many years ago there were those in MY
State and throughout the Pacific North-
west who wanted me to swallow another
partnership program. Under that pro-
gram the Eisenhower administration
sought to have the taxpayers pay for the
nonreimbursable costs of a great mul-
tiple-purpose dam and then turn the
power generation facilities over to the
power utilities at the damsite. They
called it a partnership. It was a fine
partnership. My colleague at the time,
Dick Neuberger--I paraphrase him, but
I think the paraphrase is close to the
original?said on the floor of the Senate
one afternoon?
What is proposed is that the Federal tax-
payers supply a cow. from which the private
utilities can take the milk.
That is just about what the partner-
ship program amounted to. Instead of
surrendering to it under 11 the
that was being exercised by Democrats,
and Republicans alike, those of us who
said we were not going to agree appeared
before and appealed to the Appropria-
tions Committees of the Senate and the
House over a period of several years, ask-
ing for appropriations to proceed to build
public dams, not partnership dams. We
succeeded in getting the money.
One of the greatest thrills I have had
In my service in the Senate was to give
the dedication speech not so many weeks
ago at the great Cougar Dam in my State.
It is a multipurpose dam, a dam belong-
ing to the taxpayers of the United States.
But the Eisenhower administration, in
the beginning of that fight, would not
recommend a dime in its annual budget
estimates for Cougar Dam?or, for that
matter, the Green Peter Dam, which will
be dedicated within a couple of years.
The message was given to me time and
time again that if I would just go along,
we would get the money, so that the dam
could be built. Many Democrats in my
State were persuaded to "put the heat
on." The mail was voluminous. Many
of the Democrats who wrote to me asked
me to surrender to the Eisenhower ad-
ministration's demand for a partnership
program.
I told them:
You say that now, but the time will come
when you will applaud if we win this fight.
If we lose this light. you will pay through
the nose with higher power rates for years
to come.
We won both fights. Now we have one
dam completed and another on its way.
The same thing was attempted in con-
nection with one of the greatest of all
our western dams, now under construc-
tion, the John Day Darn on the Colum-
bia. We fought that battle, and we won.
I want my President to know now that
we are going to scrutinize with the
greatest of care the Udall intertie agree-
ment. I want to say to some of my col-
leagues from the Pacific Northwest who
are on the other side, "You had better
scrutinize it, too. You had better go
over the proposal with a fine tooth
combWe.'w'ould like to sit down with the ad-
ministration to work out a settlement
that will protect the consumers and pro-
tect this country's power policy. If we
cannot arrive at such a negotiated set-
tlement of this matter, we are ready to
light. The people in our part of the
country are ready to fight.
Members of the Democratic Party as-
sembled at Coos Bay, Oreg., served clear
notice on this administration that we are
ready to fight to protect the legitimate
power rights of the people of the West.
When we protect those people, we pro-
tect the power rights of the people of the
country and the taxpayers as well.
I thought I should make these com-
ments today because I have been advised
that an attempt will be made to rush
this matter through. I sincerely hope
that, on reflection, the administration
will decide to consider further before it
acts
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