WHAT IS BEHIND PRESIDENT'S SUPPORT OF CASTRO?

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000200250018-6
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 9, 2004
• Sequence Number: 18
• Publication Date: April 8, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

A2090
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX
"How can you go ahead on a program that
will be uncertain, developing timber you per-
haps can't realize a thing on?"
Some Old-Fashioned Treatment for a
Modern American Ailment
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. DON L. SHORT
OF NORTH DAKOTA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. SHORT. Mr. Speaker, we hear a
lot about the need to get America moving
these days, without a clear indication
as to where we should go. We hear
a lot about the lack of interest
of rank and file Americans in the delib-
erations of Congress. We hear a lot
about the President's personal popular-
ity, and the lack of support for his pro-
gram. We hear a lot that should lead
us to believe Americans are expecting
more positive leadership, and a clearer
expression of,where we are trying to go.
I received today my copy of the Dick-
inson Press, one of western North Dako-
ta's oldest newspapers. The guest edi-
torial in this issue of April 6, 1963, is
written by a small businessman of Dick-
inson, N. Dak., who I believe is typical
of millions of middle- to low-income
Americans. I believe the thoughts he
has expressed are shared by the vast
majority of Americans and I believe all
in Congress-and the leaders of this ad-
ministration-could do well to-give most
serious heed to the thoughts expressed.
Americans want to be proud of their
country, and they are willing to make
such sacrifices as are necessary to keep
our country strong, and the kind of coun-
try of which we have been justly proud
in the past.
Mr. Speaker, I believe the thoughts
expressed by Mr. Wally Kack will prove
of interest to the Members of the House
of Representatives and provide food for
thought in analyzing our national policy.
Under consent I insert his editorial
following my remarks in the Appendix
of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD.
(From the Dickinson Press (N. Dak.) Apr. 6,
1963)
GUEST EDITORIAL
(By Wally Kack)
I am one of the Americans who heard Mr.
Khrushchev tell our Nation that my great-
grandchildren will grow up in a Communist
world. For some time now, this has bothered
me. I am not a brave man-not even a big
one. I suppose I would have to admit that
I am, among my own neighbors and in my
own culture, the typical, average, well-
educated, genteel citizen to whom family,
mortgage, and security have been the all-
important items. -
I am now 52, and soon, my wife, daughter,
and I will move into our new house. I paint
my own house, repair my own car, grub my
own devil grass, and nurse a modest savings
account at the Liberty National Bank. I am
a law-abiding man on the quiet side, and
dissension makes me terribly nervous.
Frankly, I am the kind who simply doesn't
have it in hint to fight :anyone ever.
My wife had me cleaning out an old trunk
in the storage room the other day, and I ran
across the huge old family Bible that I
hadn't thought about for years. My great-
grandmother had kept a journal of the trip
across the Great Plains with a wagon and
oxen when she and great-grandpa were
youngsters coming out to settle in Iowa in
the great migration. Great-grandma wrote
about it as the wild, new land, rich and
abundant in mythical proportions.
On the trail she wrote of sickness and
hunger, and heat and cold, and dust and
thirst, and the deaths and births like beads
strung together on a threat of hope-hope
of freedom and a land of plenty for their
children yet unborn. And when she viewed
the new land, she wrote in simple word pic-
tures of the cities and farms and schools,
and happiness that would some day bloom
in the greatness of the vast new land. She
wrote of her tomorrow and my today.
The ink was badly faded, but the message
was clear. As I read, I began to think about
America and being an American and what
it all stands for; and I thought about our
enemies and what they intend to do to
America, to those rich lands and farms, to
the cities and the people, to its freedom and
its hope.
And, suddenly, I realized that I am a sick
American. I mean, really sick. I am sick
of panabea and of backing up. I am sick of
reaction where there should be initiative.
I am sick of bureaucrats who tell me that
my enemy is not really my enemy and that
I should live together with murderers and
tyrants. I am sick of Government that
hasn't the guts to clean traitors out of its
own offices. And I'm sick of being a nice,
patient guy about it. I am sick of placidly
accepting excuses instead of successes; of
being a silent gentleman about it for fear
of controversy. I am sick of my country be-
ing ridiculed all over the world. I am sick
of pink-fingered diplomats and lily-livered
politicians who place personal career above
the fate of the flag.
I am sick of 40 years of relentless creep-
ing, cancerous, communistic godlessness that
never once has wavered from its avowed pur-
pose of conquering that flag and seeing it
trampled in the mud under Russian boots.
I am sick of my genteel desire to stand pat
and pray while the enemy advances.
I am sick of educators who teach tolerance
of subversion and of clergymen who would
have me quail at the specter of battle and
turn my cheek in fear Of what our enemies
might do.
In all honesty, the thing of which I am
most sick is the man who lets these things
come to me: myself.
And by the living God who made me, sirs,
I am a sick American who intends to get
well, and I hope that everyone who feels as
I do will do his bit to recover from the
malady which ails him.
r..
What Is Behind President's Support of
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. BRUCE ALGER
OF TEXAS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, the report-
ing of news on America's turning against
Cuban exile patriots has a horrible night-
marish quality. If only this were just a
bad dream. Is it possible the President
cannot see that failure to declare the
April 8
reimposition of the Monroe Doctrine is
the source of all our trouble-and that it
will get worse?
First. The President says the raids
will not weaken Castro-of course, they
will but even if not they strengthen the
hearts and hopes of freedom-loving peo-
ple everywhere, especially in Cuba. En-
forcement of the Monroe Doctrine would
solve this one.
Second. The Cuban patriots raids will
make it harder to get Soviet troops out
of Cuba, the President opines. The im-
plementation of the Monroe Doctrine
would see the United States brooking no
dilly-dallying-get the troops out now,
or we'll drive them out.
Third. Raids on the Soviet ships are
dangerous to the United States. They
will bring reprisals possibly on American
ships, the President forecasts. The
Monroe Doctrine terms would not permit
Russian shipments of arms and arma-
ments in this hemisphere, and if they
came, you bet it would be dangerous, for
Russia. We would sink them.
What is this timid attitude of our
leaders? Is the President afraid to stand
up to Russia when our safety and pro-
tection are at stake? Is the United
States sovereignty and safety not tran-
scendent over Khrushchev's feelings?
The news articles from the U. S. News
& World Report, when viewed in the light
of the terms of the Monroe Doctrine,
take on a somber, ominous note, piti-
lessly showing how weak and fearful is
our policy.
A STRONGER CASTRO-WITH U.S. HELP?
Fidel Castro, growing militarily stronger
week by week, suddenly finds himself getting
protection from an unexpected quarter-the
U.S. Government.
The United States, which once helped
Cuban exiles attack Castro, now is causing
their arrest for such activity.
A crackdown has been ordered by the
Kennedy administration against anti-Castro
raids mounted or supplied from U.S. terri-
tory.
To enforce this crackdown, the U.S. Coast
Guard in Florida is being beefed up. On
April 3, reinforcements began pouring in-
200 more men, 12 more patrol boats, 6 more
amphibious airplanes.
The help of Great Britain has been enlisted
by the United States in this campaign.
On March 31, a boatload of 17 anti-Castro
raiders was seized on Norman Cay, a tiny
island in the British-ruled Bahamas, north
of Cuba,
It was the British who made the arrests.
But, the U.S. State Department admitted, it
was the United states that tipped off the
British.
At the same time the British were seizing
one anti-Castro boat in the Bahamas, Ameri-
can authorities seized another in Miami.
CURBS ON LEADERS
Simultaneously, restrictions were placed on
the activities of Cuban exile leaders in Miami.
Orders were served on 25 of these leaders not
to step outside the limits of Miami's Dade
County.
To Cuban exiles, all this appeared to be an
American act of betrayal.
As the drive against Cuban exiles grew,
cries of protest rose from across the country.
Two years ago, the U.S. armed and trained
Cubans for an invasion against Castro. Even
after that invasion, the Kennedy administra-
tion continued to aid the exiles and assure
them that eventually they would be able to
oust the Cuban dictator.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX -A2089
GARM.ITZ OPPOSED PLAN
Although GARMATZ bitterly opposed grant-
ing the contract to Pug,@t Sound, the Defense
Department did so. !
GARMATZ, who is the ranking member on
the House Merchant Marine Committee, still
is considering having the Government Opera-
tions Committee investigate the Puget
Sound award.
Under the 90 percent formula established
as a result of coneressional pressure and
industry protests. Puget Sound Bridge &
Drvdock Co. would not have been eligible.
The industry charged that the Government
procurement policy relating to naval vessel
construction gave an advantage to firms de-
pending on foreign sources for fabrication
of components.
COMPLETE HULLS CONSIDERED
After the Puget Sound award, other firms
began to consider foreign fabrication-even
to the extent of complete hulls-in bidding
on ship construction contracts.
"The 90-percent formula is designed to
curb that trend and to check the outflow
of gold for payments of procurement
abroad," GARMATZ stated.
"Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara
Is to be commended for taking prompt action
in this matter," he said.
The Congressman had introduced legisla-
tion to amend the Buy American Act to ex-
clude naval vessels from the application of
the percentage rule. The effect of the bill,
he said, would be to require complete con-
version in the United States, a requirement
already in the law for commercial vessels in
the domestic coastwise trade.
Resolution for an American Ideals Corps
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. MICHAEL A. FEIGHAN
of 01120
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, March 12, 1963
Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, a very il-
luminating resolution was adopted on
April 1, 1963, by the pertinent commit-
tees, national officers, and department
commanders of the Veterans of Foreign
Wars. The title of that resolution is:
"For an American Ideals Corps." The
resolution is in keeping with the nation-
wide programs to advance Americanism
and the annual Loyalty Day program
sponsored by the Veterans of Foreign
Wars.
The purpose of the resolution is to
bring about the establishment of a Presi-
dential Committee to promote the ideals
and values of our free way of life, to
offset the negativism which now attaches
to so much of our public affairs and to
strengthen confidence in our free Insti-
tutions.
Mr. William Bowles, Immediate State
commander of the Veterans of Foreign
Wars for Ohio played a very significant
role in the preparation and passage of
this resolution.
Under unanimous consent, I insert the
resolution in the RECORD:
RESOLUTION FOR AN AMERICAN IDEALS CORPS
Whereas it appears that there is in the
United States today a growing tendency to
devaluate, or ignore, the richly patriotic heri-
tage from which were derived our national
character and the fundamental freedoms of
the American way of life; and
Whereas an Increasing variety of disturbing
philosophies, of both foreign and domestic
origins, strive to downgrade clear thinking,
loyal, and dynamic American patriotism; and
Whereas the continued impact upon our
citizens of all such divisive Influences may
impair or destroy our national unity and se-
curity: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved, That the Veterans of Foreign
Wars of the United States, through its com-
mander in chief and its National Committees
on Americanism, Loyalty Day. and Commu-
nity Service. urge the President of the United
States to create and activate an official Fed-
eral committee identified by such appropri-
ate name as the President's Americanism
Corps, or the President's Ambassadors of
Loyalty, or the President's Committee for
American Ideals; and be It
It-Weed, That the President Instruct his
special body to establish and direct a vigo-
rous nationwide campaign, Implemented by
volunteer patriotic individuals, organizations,
and institutions, to Clio end that all loyal
citizens, in every community of our land, may
demon'trate vigorous, positive adherence to
historically tested, old-fashioned American
Ideals and practices; and be it further
Resorred, That the Veterans of Foreign
Wars urges its 1,300,000 members and all
other loyal citizens to give their wholehearted
support to such a movement as a most ef-
fective patriotic countermeasure against any
effort to compromise, weaken, or destroy our
American way of life.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. WALTER NORBLAD
07 OREGON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, April 2, 1963
Mr. NORBLAD. Mr. Speaker, under
leave to extend my remarks, I include
herewith an excellent interview of Ml'.
William Swindells, written by Gerry
Pratt, in the Portland, Oreg., Oregonian:
MAKING THE DOLLAR: GAINS TAX REGARDED
AS FAIR FOR TIMBER
(By Gerry Pratt)
William Swindells is of the old school of
timber industry executives, articulate and
blunt. He knows this, refuses to waste time
considering the politics of what he believes
is right or wrong, and stays out of contro-
versy by avoiding newspaper Interviews.
But he was seated now, in the deep leather
chair behind his desk in the Pacific Building,
speaking for the record. "Providing I get
to read it first."
Treasury men, perhaps seeking ways to
pad back the money President Kennedy pro-
poses to cut from the Nation's tax bill, have
proposed eliminating the capital gains pro-
visions on timber. That was enough to force
the Willamette Valley Lumber Co.. Santiam
Lumber Co., Wood Fibreboard Co., and
Western Kraft Co.. executive to sit still and
get the story of capital gains off his chest.
He began with patience. "Starting back,
prior to 1943, when if you had a block of
timber to sell, there was never any question
but what the taxes would be capital gains.
"Then people began cutting their timber to
meet the maximum was. effort and the ex-
cess profits tax, 80 percent. hit them. That
didn't leave enough for them to replace their
timber."
The result was tax legislation known as 631
the capital gains provision that allows timber
operators to claim the profit on their timber
at the capital gains tax rate of 25 percent,
rather than the straight corporation tax rate
of 52 percent.
TAXES TAKE 31 PERCENT
Swindells leaned forward, looking through
steel-rimmed glasses for your acceptance of
what he was saving, speaking in a voice so
big it surprises you : "If you sold your timber
outright, you paid a flat 25 percent of the
profit In taxes, capital gains taxes," he said
patiently, "plus 6 percent to the State
which makes 31 percent.
"An extreme example. You have some $10
timber you cut, basing the sale on today's
market value of $43 a thousand. So you
have approximately $33 profit and you pay
approximately one-third of that in taxes.
"But to replace that timber, to get it back
Into your timber inventory, costs you $43 a
thousand, the market value. So you have
got to take the one-third you paid in taxes
out of your earnings. Under normal, full 52-
percent corporation taxes, you would have
52 percent to make up to replace your timber,
and the earnings will not support 52 per-
cent."
Swindells' companies have been replacing
50 million feet a year. "Our timber in fee
is the same today as it was in 1950," he said.
"We have never had enough timber here to
he on a sustained-yield basis, so we have had
to replace our timber at timber sales."
Without the capital gains provision allow-
Ing that extra profit on the company's tim-
her, Swindells said, this could not be con-
tinued as a company policy. "At the present
retail price of timber, the profit margin is
so small, It would not pay to continue opera-
tion. The alternative," he added bluntly,
"would be to discontinue business."
1',YPRODUCTS PROVE LIFESAVER
But capital gains on timber have also left
enough money in the timber operators' hands
to build the timber Inventory needed for
complete utilization, the wood fiberboard
plant, scheduled for a 60-percent expansion,
the kraft plant, taking on an additional $3.8
million paper machine. This is the money,
he said, that has kept the industry In busi-
ness, giving us the raw material base to back
up the Industrial expansion.
"So some guy says, 'You have been able to
build up a pretty nice empire out of that
money you have retained,' he said, phrasing
the obvious criticism.
"But ask yourself what has this money
clone for the country," and he began to illus-
trate.
The Swindells companies employ approxi-
mately 3,000, some 80 percent of them in
Oregon. "Our particle board plant uses 7,500
units of shavings a month. Western Kraft
uses 13,000 units of chips a month and we
have every reason to believe that by the end
of 1963, we will be able to use our sawdust in
a product of vast potential."
Swindells pointed to what this market for
waste materials mean to the small private
operator. "It gives him a market for his
chips and shavings, permits him to practice
good utilization. He could not practice good
utilization without these plants. Dallas
would be a ghost town today without the
capital gains provisions."
But more Important to this region, he
said, are the forestry practices the capital
gains provision created in the woods of
Oregon and Washington and California.
"You cannot practice good forestry unless
you have complete utilization. And you
must have the Incentive to grow trees in the
face of risks like the Columbus Day storm,
fires, and maintenance to-practice good for-
estry. " " * These are all calculated risks
and then we figure we have this capital gains
waiting at the end of the line to pay for it.
"To make an investment like this you
cannot think in terms of less than 50 to 90
years. You started out on the basis of
capital gains 20 years ago. Now you knock
It off. It will create financial uncertainty.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX A2091
Now, suddenly, instead of getting help and
assurances, the exiles found themselves fac-
ing obstacles and threats of arrest.
To many Americans, the seeming reversal
of U.S. policy came as a surprise-and a
puzzle.
People asked: Why? What is the Kennedy
administration trying to do?
On April 3, at a news conference, President
Kennedy gave his explanation.
What the President's words boil down to
is this: The United States is trying to avoid
trouble with Russia that might raise a new
threat of war.
HIT: RUSSIAN SHIPS
Cuban exiles, in recent weeks, had begun
a new type of campaign. Instead of strik-
ing only at Castro, they began attacking
Russian merchant ships that supply Castro.
On March 17, one group of exiles raided
the Cuban port of Isabela de Sagua and fired
on the Soviet freighter Lvov. Afterward, at
a news conference in Washington, they
boasted that they had also gone ashore at
Isabela de Sagua and fought a 45-minute
gun battle with Russian soldiers.
Ten days later, on March 27, another group
of exiles raced a 22-foot speedboat into the
port of Caibarien, on Cuba's northern coast.
Tony Cuesta, military leader of the
group-known as Commando L-told U.S.
News & World Report this story of that
attack:
The raiders sped right for the biggest ship
in port-the Soviet freighter Baku. They
fired machineguns and 20-millimeter can-
nons at the Baku as they approached.
Then the raiders pulled alongside and
pasted a 50-pound charge of plastic explosive
to the Russian ship. They covered this op-
eration by throwing hand grenades onto the
Baku's deck.
As they raced away, toward the open sea,
the plastic charge exploded.
Later, from a Cuban broadcast, the raiders
learned: Their charge had torn an 18-foot
hole in the side of the Soviet ship, and 10,000
sacks of sugar destined for Russia were de-
stroyed by the sea water that rushed into
the breach.
IRE IN MOSCOW
The raids drew an angry protest from Mos-
cow. The Russians charged the United
States with full responsibility. They said
the United States, by tolerating such raids,
"is actually bringing about a dangerous sit-
uation in the area of the Caribbean Sea and
throughout the world"
The danger of the situation was demon-
strated on March 28. Two of Castro's Rus-
sian-built Mig jet planes fired cannon shots
across the- bow of an American motor ship,
the Floridian, in international waters off the
coast of Cuba.
On April 2, Castro apologized to the Unit-
ed States, said the shooting was a mistake.
But the implication was clear: The Com-
munists would shoot at American ships if
exile attacks continued.
On April 3, with the crackdown in force,
the U.S. State Department was able to tell
Russia that "every step necessary" was being
taken to insure that such attacks are not
"launched, manned, or equipped from U.S.
territory."
Did this mean that all exile attacks on
Castro's Cuba and Communist ships are go-
ing to cease?
Talk to the exile leaders in Miami and
the answer you get is, "No." They concede
that the new crackdown will make it more
difficult to supply some types of operations.
But they insist the raids will go on.
In fact, some say, the raids will increase
because the raiding force is growing, with
enough men, boats and arms spread through
the Caribbean to mount a continuing cam-
paign.
Raiders insist that they do not attack from
bases in the United States, but from bases
in the Caribbean, outside of America's ter-
ritorial waters.
Those bases, the raiders say, are small,
uninhabited islands-perhaps just a sand-
spit-where raiders take shelter for a day or
so and then move on.
Sometimes, raiders claim, they even use
islands that belong to. Cuba.
The raiders point out that there are thou-
sands of tiny islands in the Caribbean and
that it would be impossible for any country
to police them all effectively.
How, then, did the British find that raiding
boat-called the Violynn III-which they
captured in the Bahamas on March 31?
That story was told by Jerry Buchanan,
a 24-year-old American adventurer who
sailed aboard the boat with 16 Cubans. He
said the Violynn III was followed by a U.S.
Navy plane for nearly 2 days and then, when
it put in at Norman Cay to refuel, Bahamian
police were waiting-"They knew all about
us."
A State Department spokesman admitted
the information on which the British acted
"was provided to British authoritie3 by the
United States."
This illustrates the change in U.S. policy:
The owner of the Violynn III said the craft
had been used before on secret missions to
Cuba-sometimes with advance knowledge
of U.S. authorities.
It has been the attacks on Russian ships
that have stirred the U.S. Government into
action against the exiles.
This campaign has been growing, and some
exile leaders consider it important. The
idea in these attacks is to cut off Castro's
supplies by knocking out as many Com-
munist supply ships as possible and scaring
off neutral ships.
Said one exile leader, Tony Cuesta:
"Cuba cannot live without supplies from
abroad-particularly oil. Therefore, if we
can destroy enough shipping to scare most
of the rest away, Castro dies of starvation."
WE ARE INVISIBLE
How can the exiles, with only small boats
and light guns, hope for much success
against Castro's strong coastal defenses?
Mr. Cuesta explained:
"Our advantage is that we are the invisible
enemy. We have no bases they can attack.
Our main weapon is the small, fast boat.
It is hard for radar to spot. Once in the
shallow water near shore, we operate at our
best-we are the masters. Right now we
fight only at night. Later we will operate
in daylight, too."
Yet, to many exile leaders, the attacks on
ships are less important than the other mis-
sion of raiding boats-the infiltration of
Cuba from the sea.
Objectives of the infiltrations are to de-
liver arms to resistance groups inside Cuba,
to land guerrilla fighters and saboteurs on
Cuban soil, to gather intelligence informa-
tion, and to take out anti-Castro Cubans who
want to escape from Cuba.
Such activities as these, the exiles say,
have always been encouraged by U.S. au-
thorities.
In New York, on April 2, it was reported
that more than a score of American college
students have been using their weekends
and vacations to take part in at least 15 such
missions to Cuba.
Alexander I. Rorke, Jr., the owner of the
Violynn III, made the disclosure in an inter-
view on a television broadcast by the Amer-
ican Broadcasting Co. He identified himself
as leader of a group of Americans supplying
arms to the anti-Castro underground. But
he insisted the arms were not shipped into
or out of the United States, so that no
American laws were violated.
SHACKLES-AND BITTERNESS
In spite of their determination to con-
tinue their raids-and their predictions of
future success-most anti-Castro Cuban
leaders in Miami are bitter about the new
shackles placed on them by the country that
had previously encouraged them to fight.
One exile leader, Luis Conte AgUero,
called the new U.S. policy "an anti-Monroe
Doctrine." He said it puts the United States
"in the incredible position of protecting the
Russians in Cuba."
In Congress, the new crackdown provoked
controversy, with opinions divided-some
lawmakers defending and others criticizing
the administration's policy.
In the debate, one subject kept popping
up. That subject was the continued pres-
ence of Russian troops in Cuba.
MR. KENNEDY'S HOPE
President Kennedy was asked about this at
his April 3 news conference.
The President said it was estimated that
there were about 21,000 or 22,000 Russian
troops in Cuba last October, at the time of
the missile crisis. He said evidence indi-
cated that about 5,000 Russians left Cuba last
November and approximately 4,000 left last
month.
This would indicate about 12,000 or 13,000
Russian troops remaining in Cuba.
"We hope they are going to be withdrawn,"
the President said. He did not say what
the United States would do if the troops
were not withdrawn.
One thing that Mr. Kennedy made clear,
however, was this: He thinks the chances of
getting Nikita Khrushchev to pull his troops
out of Cuba are going to be a lot better if
the U.S. Government can stop the Cuban
refugees from shooting up Russian ships.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. RALPH F. BEERMANN
OF NEBRASKA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. BEERMANN. Mr. Speaker, a
current issue of National Review con-
tains an article that caught my interest
since it points up our seeming strange
official attitude toward what amounts to
a bandit in our backyard. The article is
extremely brief but its impact will cer-
tainly be lasting. I commend it to my
colleagues for informative reading.
The article follows:
THE UNTHINKABLES-GANGEUSTERS 011T. THE
NEW FRONTIER
(By Victor Gold)
MARCH 15, 1934.
To All Members, Department of Police, City
of Chicago:
Your attention is directed to increased
partisan hectoring regarding the Dillinger
file. Basic department policy in this area is
contained in white paper, January 17, 1934,
"Has Dillinger Betrayed His Revolution?"
Nevertheless, growing civic unrest, fanned
by irate-wing extremists, makes further
clarification. necessary:
1. The Dillinger gang is under constant
surveillance. Its community prestige, ac-
cording to department surveys, is at an all-
time low. Its economic affairs are in serious
disarray.
2. Department experts assess Dillinger's
total ballistic capability at 7 second-
hand Thompson submachineguns, 12 old-
model Smith & Wesson .45 caliber pistols,
5 obsolete Colt .32 caliber automatics, and
3 bulletproof vests of doubtful value.
In the absence of howitzers and other long-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX April 8
rants cannon--removed Last month follow-
in-, department demands that area zoning
ordinances be observed-this arsenal is prop-
c-!,,, classified defensive In nature.
.1. Your department has at Its disposal
approximately 1.200 police officers, 5,000 small
a:ms of the very latest design, 50 Thompson
:;,. unacbiucguns lust in from the factory
and an overwhelming weapons superiority
provided by National Guard Reserves.
Viewing the Dillinger problem in this per-
spcctive, it is little short of ridiculous to
assume that city hall is in danger of attack.
Pi2OPk:4 WARNING
4. Of course, it is alwavs possible that city
hall could be attacked. Anything Is possible.
Your department is alert to this possibility,
however, and has duly warned Dillinger that
such an attack would represent the gravest
of threats to community law and order.
5. Department strategy takes Into account
growing evidence that the gang is no longer
monolithic In structure. Underworld Intel-
ligence reports confirm that Dillinger and
"Baby Face" Nelson. between fusillades at
police officers. hardly speak to each other.
6. Contrary to rumors circulating State
Street, your department was under no pledge,
promise or obligation to furnish roof cover
for citizen vigilantes during their recent
abortive assault on Dillinger headquarters.
7. Finally, your department remains con-
vinced that the only real answer to the
threat of Dillinger and Dillingerism lies in
an expanded economic development program
for the affected neighborhood. While we
acknowledge some difficulty in locating risk
capital investors for new projects, there is
no satisfactory alternative in a modern civ-
ilized age. A police stake-out and full-
dress attack, with its concomitant violence
and decline in neighborhood property Valdes,
is unthinkable.
8. Should the inquiring citizen persist In
his hectoring, advise him to take a 50-mile
hike to let off steam. If nothing else, it will
put him in Peoria police Jurisdiction.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
ZION. PAUL FINDLEY
OF TLLTNOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Mundatt, April 8, 1963
Tr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, econom-
ic erowtli to many Government planners
means merely inflated, hollow statistics
ra.ther than increased investment and
healthy production. Growth statistics
. uc h as (JNP can be artificially produced
nod are by themselves meaningless ex-
cent for us" for deceptive political claims.
A counri economy promises us the only
real arov:ih-not false gimmicks to bol-
ser up the statistics.
"The Growth Obsession" is from the
Wr:l Street Journal:
+. .+ GROWTH Ga:ir:S.i fi,N
'I he speakers at a recent evnlib=silun-
the President, the Secretary of the Treasure,
bankers. businessmen, and academic econ-
omists-offered widely different prescriptions
to achieve this growth. Some prescribed big
tics cuts in various doses. Others plumped
for bigger Government spending. Some
asked for both together. There were even an
old-fashioned few who argued the need for
less Government spending.
But with a lone exception, all the speakers
were agreed on one thing. What ails us is
not a Trnigh growth. and growth in large
quantities is what the economy must have
at any price. Indeed, this was the premise
Imbedded in the title of this symposium
sponsored by the American Bankers Associa-
tion.
it :e: in fact a very simple matter to stimu-
late growth in the economy as It is commonly
measured. The gross national product,
which was the yardstick used by almost every
speaker, can be Increased by anything that
will Increase the turnover of money. In-
creased Government spending will increase
the statistic regardless of what the money 1s
:.pent for. So will Increased private spend-
ing: let the people once doubt the future
value of their money. and their rush to spend
present dollars would shoot the GNP up to
the sky.
WS no great trick. either. for this country
to increase production statistics. The Gov-
ernment's farm program has Increased agri-
cultural production to the point where we
don't know what to do with It all. The same
could be done with the steel industry if the
only point were to make more steel ingots.
The uncnu)lovment statistic can be made to
drop by any one of a number of devices,
ranging from make-work to simply putting
all the unemployed on the Government pay-
roll.
The ridiculousness of these suggestions is
merely a reminder that it is not growth, of
and f,,r itself, that we want.
Tnd.ed, one of the ills we now suffer from,
as the farm program well Illustrates. Is that
artificial stimulants have been applied to
some parts of the economy so that they have
grown out of all proportion to the rest of
the body or to any need at all, and this wild
growth is putting undue strain on the whole
body economic.
If w^ can rzrce on policies that will give us
a sound economy. It Is possible that they may
not cause much immediate growth; indeed,
almost by definition they will not In any seg-
ments of the economy which are already
overgrown. It is even possible that healthy
o,,lictcs may not result In great future
t*'-nwrn. although we doubt it because we
don't believe in the gloomy view that ours Is
it [nature economy with all its growth In
the past.
hilt only by searching for sound policies
can we posalbly hope to achieve any real
Vu.i. Approaching the problem as if
.. Si were all there Is to talk about, and a
thing to he bought at any price. is to mistake
ti.c ,..::k.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
or
IFO"I. MICHAEL A. FEIGHAN
OF OHIO
TN HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tu^sday, March 12, 1963
Mr. FER-MAN. Mr. Speaker, a very
penetrating and thoughtful article ap-
peared in the Washington Daily News on
Thursday, April 4, 1963, under the cap-
tuli - Guatemala Takeover Is a Racket."
Ian; article was written by Richard H.
I;oycc, datelined 'an Salvador, and fol-
iowed within a few days after he de-
parted Guatemala where he observed the
overthrow of the Ydigoras government
by a military coup.
Mr. Boyce has done an outstanding job
in exposing the manner in which the
military forces in many Latin American
countries are tied in with the 2 per-
centers who own everything and use the
combination of the e two forces to pre-
vent the bloomin of a truly popular and
representative government.
I would add only one point which may
have escaped the attention of Mr. Boyce.
One of the candidates for the presidency
in the free elections that were schedtrled
to be held before the military coup was
Col. Jose Luis Cruz-Salazar, a career
military officer in Guatemala and former
Guatemalan Ambassador to the United
States. It is interesting to observe that
Colonel Cruz-Salazar was in the United
States on February 27, 1963, and ap-
peared before the Subcommittee on
Inter-American Affairs of the Committee
on Foreign Affairs as a witness on the
subject of Castro Communist subversion
in the Western Hemisphere. It is fair
to inquire whether Colonel Cruz-Salazar
is in any way involved in the military
coup which Just took place in Guatemala
and the extent to which this coup de
etat has improved his chances of suc-
ceeding President Ydigoras in an elec-
tion that could hardly be described as
democratic when conducted by the mili-
tary group now in power. A prudent
concern for the future and the rights of
the poor peasants of Guatemala-three-
fourths of whom are illiterate-who are
paying the price for the shocking "pro-
tection" provided by the military coup,
requires an answer to this question be-
fore the U.S. Government takes any
action in regard to the mysterious events
which have just taken place in
Guatemala.
Under previous permission, I include
Mr. Boyce's article in the RECORD:
GUATEMALA TAKEOVER IS A RACKET
(By Richard H. Boyce)
SAN SALVADOR. EL SALVADORE, April 4.-The
military takeover in Guatemala is nothing
but a protection racket, Chicago-gangster
style of the 1930's.
And It is the poor peasants of Guatemala-
three-fourths of them Illiterate-who are
paying the price of this av~'ful protection.
The army's contention that it was neces-
sary to unseat President Miguel Ydigoras
Fuentes bccau."e he was "complacent" toward
communism's threats to the government is
hard to swallow.
Senor Ydigoras may have been corrupt as
some charged. But he also was one of the
most vocal anti-Communist in the hemi-
sphere, He pcr.r:itted the 1961 Bay of Pigs
anti-Castro invaders to train in Guatemala,
He was it Ieuahy elected President.
Is a totally' cn police state created by
army yanks anti euiis any more democratic
than a Conmiunist government? To replace
Senor Ydigor:,s iiv force Is to use the very
weapon the Gil, 'nLilan Army, under strong-
man Enrique Pt ralta, cries loudest against.
For month:, army elements have been try-
ing to arrange a coup in Guatemala.
As far back as last November, certain army
officers went to 6 ,-nor Peralt.h, then Defense
Minister and, as such, army commander In
chief. They sought his support in over-
throwing Ydigoras and creating a three-man
Junta. Senor Peralta would become the
next President, these officers assured him,
Senior Peralta refused then.
PRESSURE
But pressure on him continued, then
mounted ag Juan Jose Arevalo vividly came
into the picture. Senor Arevalo is a former
Guatemala President (1945-50), branded a
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX April 8
This time the panel has seized upon one
bit of testimony, carefully ignored other
statements, and has come to the conclusion
that the American-British detection system
cannot detect small underground nuclear
tests over an area of 2.5 million square miles
in the U.S.S.R.
The Hosmer panel's calculations are based
on the assumption that secret Soviet tests
would be conducted in dry alluvium, a soft
earth. But the panel ignored the testimony
of Dr. Franklin Long of the U.S. Arms
Control and Disarmament Agency, who
indicated that there are only two small areas
of alluvium in the U.S.S.R. One is on the
Iranian and Afghan borders, the other about
400 miles from Iran. Both are within detec-
tion range of stations outside of the U.S.S.R.
As a Republican and as the former chief
negotiator for the Eisenhower administra-
tion, which initiated the nuclear test-ban
talks, I find the operation of the Hosmer
panel one of the most unfortunate domestic
developments since I served in Geneva. It is
biased in its presentation of the argument
and misleading in its pretense of speaking
for all House Republicans. I feel sure that
the panel does not reflect the views of all
Republicans in the House and certainly in
the Senate, which must ultimately ratify
any treaty which is signed.
BASIS FOR NEGOTIATIONS
Some Congressional and press attacks on
continued efforts to reach agreement imply
that the top officials of the administration
and their negotiators ari "giving away" our
national security, piece by piece. Level-
headed Americans know that successful ne-
gotiations must be based on a structure of
mutual advantages for both sides. A work-
able nuclear test ban-and further steps
toward mutual disarmanent-would improve
the security of both major powers as well
as all other nations.
If this administration is guilty of any-
thing, it is the failure to educate the public
to the comparative risks of continued testing
versus a treaty. President Kennedy made a
cogent point during his press conference of
March 21 when he spoke of the probability
that many more nations would have the
nuclear weapon by the midseventies. I hope
he will continue to voice this warning until
it is, well understood. When the public is
made aware of the choice we face, it can
intelligently weigh the risks of new paths of
international security. -
JAMES J. WADSWORTH.
CHURCH GROWTH .
During the 18 years of Dr. Landes' ministry
in Wichita Falls, there have been 9,941 mem-
bers added to First Baptist with 2,675 of
them by baptism. Six missions have been
established, with three of them already self-
supporting.
Sunday school enrollment has increased
from 1,852 to 3,432 and training union from
294 to 1,132. The church has nine graded
choirs in addition to the sanctuary choir,
which last year sang before the Baptist Gen-
eral Convention of Texas.
Budget of the church has grown from
$56,000 in 1945 to $395,000 for 1963. Value
of church property now stands at $2,436,170.
Test Ban Repdrt Attacked
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, un-
der leave to extend my remarks in the
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD, -I would like to
take this opportunity to insert at this
point a letter to the editor which ap-
peared in today's New York Times. The
letter is from the Honorable James J.
Wadsworth, a h'ghly respected and re-
sponsible member of the Republican
Party, who has devoted much of his life
to service to the Government of the
United States, and who, as a result of
his past and current association with
the United Nations, is certainly in a
position to judge the efforts underway
to effect a nuclear test ban treaty.
His letter is set forth herewith:
TEST-BAN REPORT ATTACKED-WADSWORTH
DENIES PANEL SPEAKS FOR ALL HOUSE
REPUBLICANS
To the EDITOR OF TIIE NEW YORK TIMES:
Critics of the protracted efforts to achieve
a nuclear test-ban treaty with the Russians
have been most outspoken since the chances
of agreement seemed to improve in the wake
of the Cuban crisis. These critics are to be
found in both parties, as are the-consistent
advocates of a prkable treaty. - Unfortu-
nately, however, the Republican leadership
in the House has left the impression that the
GOP as a whole opposes the administra-
tion's current test-bah policy.
This impression has been left by Repre-
sentative CRAIG. HosMER's Republican House
Panel on Nuclear-Testing, whose reports are
signed by the entire GOP leadership. The
panel's first report, presumably based on the
views of "experts" whose anti-test-ban views
were already well known, was released to
the press before scientists with a different
approach could be heard.
Not surprisingly, the first report concluded
that "the present basis for negotiations on
detection machinery fails 'to offer realistic
probability of detecting violations." Yet it
was not until almost a month later that
Government witnesses spelled out the areas
of recent progress in underground test de-
tection before the hearings of the Joint Com-
mittee on Atomic Energy.
Anyone seriously interested in the facts
could hardly be in a position to judge the
detection machinery without hearing from
the men most closely associated with making
it work.
UNDERGROUND EXPLOSIONS
Now the hearings are over and Mr.
HOSMER's panel has issued another report.
Tragedy is Our Policy Towa
LION. BRUCE ALDER
OF TEXAS
IN TILE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, last week in
the RECORD I predicted that this admin-
istration would line up with Castro and
Khrushchev against the patriot Cuban
exiles. I did this merely by gaging fu-
ture conduct by past performance of
President Kennedy. Sure enough we are
now implementing that policy. Instead
of proclaiming and prosecuting viola-
tion of our hemisphere by Khrushchev
and international communism we are
aiding and abetting puppet Castro and
big boss Khrushchev at the expense of
Cuban patriots in and out of Cuba.
Where now is hope for the Cubans under
communism's terroristic, police state
control?
President Kennedy campaigned prom-
ising to liberate Cuba from commu-
nism. Then he promised Khrushchev
and Castro not to even attack Cuba.
President Kehunedy declared a quaran-
tine but did not follow through. Mr.
Khrushchev declared the heavy arms
shipments to Cuba were not offensive
weapons. The President parrotted these
words then was forced to repudiate his
own statements. The President finally
admitted Khrushchev was running the
show. Last week the President admitted
he knew there were 22,000 Russian troops
in Cuba last year, yet never confided in
our people. On TV last year the Presi-
dent discussed as just learned a missile
buildup yet we know now from testimony
that the administration knew these facts
weeks before.
The Cubans maintain that this coun-
try promised air support and help in the
abortive invasion and since then we have
heard numerous versions including the
President's brother's statement that we
never promised such aid. What can we
believe?
What now happens to the exiled Cu-
bans and those under Khrushchev and
Castro's iron heel? What happens to
other people in captive nations? Are
we forsaking Latin and South America?
Have we abandoned any semblance of
toughness or dedication to principle, any
principle, in our world confrontation of
a Communist system dedicated to bury-
ing us? Are we yellow? Are we scared?
Of course not. Yet our posture of vacil-
lation, doubletalk, repudiation, and
weakness may tempt some foolhardy un-
knowing foreign nation to test us.
Is it possible that our leaders do not
know the moral fiber, the toughness, the
steadfastness of American people who
expect the same of their leaders? The
managed news controversy suggests that
the President does not know and under-
estimates the need for and the capacity
of the understanding of American peo-
ple.
The new "neutralism" by David Law-
rence is both timely and prophetic. The
path to war is the path of weakness not
strength. Let us hope the President and
his advisers, and congressional leaders
get the message.
THE NEW "NEUTRALISM"
(By David Lawrence)
Maybe we ought to apologize for any past
expressions implying disagreement with the
"neutralism" of various governments in Asia
and Africa.
Maybe we should forget all that our
spokesmen have said heretofore in support
of the right of peoples anywhere to seek by
revolution to free themselves from the yoke
of autocratic rulers.
Maybe we should explain that it is con-
sidered expedient now not to offend Khru-
shchev, though he strives through interna-
tional communism to dominate the world.
Maybe all democracies are expected now to
remain neutral and to restrain Cubans from
returning to their homeland to fight for the
freedom of their countrymen.
Maybe we should erase from history books
the chapters on the American Revolution
wherein our forefathers pledged "our lives
our fortunes, and our sacred honor" to gain
independence from tyranny.
For what else does it mean when the
President of the United States orders exiled
Cubans to be arrested and imprisoned if they
take any steps while inside this country to
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A2085
Kenny, his wife, and their six children
became national celebrities almost over-
night.
On March 8, the Kennys arrived at
New York International Airport where
they were greeted by a pipers' band, a
color guard and hundreds of residents
of Jersey City, including city officials.
Five nights later, more than 1,000 citi-
zens of many national backgrounds hon-
ored the visitors from Dublin at a testi-
monial dinner.
The big parade on March 17 will be
talked about for a long time in Jersey
City. Garda Kenny marched out front
in his Civic Guard uniform, the first time
in history that a member of his police
unit was wearing the uniform with of-
ficial permission outside Dublin.
Pinned to his left lapel was a gold
badge which had been presented to him
at the testimonial dinner by Mayor
Gangemi bearing the inscription "Hon-
orary Chief of Police. City of Jersey City,
New Jersey, U.S A."
On March 19, Garda Kenny and Mrs.
Kenny came to Washington. D.C., where
they met many Members of the Con-
gress. I am grateful to the Vice Presi-
dent for the gracious hospitality he ex-
tended to our visitors from Dublin and
a delegation from Jersey City. It was
my privilege to introduce these friends,
including Mrs. Scanlan who worked so
hard to make this event a success.
Our distinguished Speaker also male
time in his busy schedule to extend his
warm welcome. He was, as always. ex-
ceedingly gracious and once a',ain he
evidenced a truly great knowledge of
Irish history and revealed many Irish
traditions well remembered by those of
Irish descent in this country, but un-
familiar to many native Irish.
I am indeed grateful to the Speaker
for his kindness.
The Kennys have returned to Ireland.
Their visit will be long remembered.
The St. Patricks' Day celebration was
truly a fine event that fully expressed
a fine civic pride and a genuine far ling
of brotherhood.
It would be difficult to commend all
who worked toward the success of the
great event. But special mention should
be made of Mrs. Scanlon. Warren Mur-
phy. John Thompson, and John Hunt,
all of Jersey City.
The following are two editorials that
an_reared in the Jersey Journal, com-
menting on the wonderful affair and the
good that it brought on both sides of the
Atlantic.
Sc, L,sn. P.J.
Constable and Mrs. Patrick J. Kenny co
home tomorrow. All of us brushed by their
.in n: i i the past 3 weeks give them back
reluctantly to their eacerly waiting six child-
ren and the Emerald Isle which owes them
a heroes' welcome.
F.r they leave behind them a wonderfully
rcireshi: g spirit which captivated all of us
and became a prevailing mood at the most
successful, and first municipally sponsored
St. Patricks' Day parade in Jersey City's
history.
We hone P.J. and his lady return to Dublin
with the same feelings about us. Our wel-
come mat will always be out for P.J., Nancy,
and the kids. We bid them "so long" and
we hope they come back-soon and often.
THE BIG PARADE
Wasn't that a day, though. For a town
which had never had a citywide St. Patrick's
Day parade. Jersey City certainly started
with a bang. Thousands of marchers and
a hundred thousand or more watchers made
it the most colorful holiday the city ever
has given Itself.
It was a happy day all day. Even the sun
seemed to be having fun upsetting those
forecasters who assured us all the night be-
fore th it we would be showered with rain
and bulieted by winds. There was neither.
It was more than a great day for the Irish,
more than a roaring public welcome for
Constable P. J. Kenny and Nancy (although
they were cheered from end to end of the
march) it was more than a parade, more
even than a tribute to the great Saint. It
e.:comp.sesed and taanscended all those
things. It was a kind of spontaneous out-
cry against talk of abominations, a sort of
"Let's show the world Jersey City can do
things right." And it did.
It was a wholesome day. It was a day
when everyone in the city, for a change, was
off the some side. Those who might other-
wise be harpooning each other for some po-
litical purpose, were slapping each other on
the back and saving how fine the parade
was. Yet, It can be quite a town when
everyone gets on the same side.
It was a day no one wanted to see end
from Bishop Stanton, standing for hours on
the reviewi .g platform, to the youngsters
waving their green and gold banners.
It w is the kind of day that should come
again. now thit we have seen how it can be
done. how tile whole town can turn out just
for the sheer joy of cxprassittg good will. It
was the kind of day that makes one ask:
"Why don't we do this more often?"
And why do:h't we?
City Invited to Landes Reception
EY`IENSION OF REMARKS
OF
PON. CRA9AM PURCELL
OF TF.5AS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. PU^C"LL. Mr. Sneaker. Wichita
Falls. Tex, said farewell Sunday to one
of its most outstnndinct fam`lies. Dr.
James IT. Landes. minister of the First
Baptist Church for the past 18 years,
preach Id his last sermon in Wichita
Falls Sunday mornin'l. This week he is
assumi ig new duties as president of
Ifardin-Simmons University in Abilene,
Tex. Dr. and *'rs. Lan-'es and their
eau^-hi 'r, I'.uth, have been among the
most It ? ihly respected end deeply loved
nhcmi c.s or our c-immuni'y. We will
in as ti-em but wish them well in their
n_~v it Inc. -
F.illo : in'; is an ai ticle which appeared
in the Farah 31 edition of the Wichita
1''.lis'Times about the Landes family, the
reeoonition riven them by the commu-
nity and the wonderful record of their
service to our c_tc: -
CRI"?: INV!:so TO Lsooss RECEPTION
wk:IiLCns of m^ny faiths and all walks
of life join tod .y In paying tribute and
1.!;:d:ng God,,-ced to two of the city's best-
1?,ve1 re:d-nts, Dr. and Mrs. James H.
T7) e.trd ' J.,mes II. Landes Day" by offi-
cial pro:la m-.tioct of Mayor John J. Gavin,
Sunday marks the close of an 18-year pas-
turatc o: Dr. Landes at First Baptist Church.
Il? will l,svs c.Lrly in the week to assume
his duties as mew president of Hardin-
Simmons University. Abilene.
Climax to Send ay's observance of "Landes
Day" will be an apprce:atlon service at
6:50 p.m. in Firet Baptist, followed by a pub-
lic reception there at B o'clock.
To open the dhv's tribute all Sunday
scahcol classes :at I In t Baptist are striving for
an unusually high attendance.
Dr. Landes will deliver his final sermon as
p-:stor of First B-~ptist Church at the Sunday
morning worship L, rvice.
In his prod .m aion honoring Dr. Landes,
Mayor Gavin urges that all our people ex-
press ap.,rcci..t:on for his great Christian ex-
ample by attending ti:e church of their
choice Sund v.
Leadership of Dr. Landes has extended into
all facets of conuu_cnity life, and his personal
touch has been felt by people of all faiths.
President of tile B_:ptist General Associa-
tion of Texas for the last 2 years, Dr. Landes
is respected as a dynamic preacher of the
Gospel and an efficient organizer and ad-
ministrator throughout the entire Southern
B'ptist Convention.
He probably is the best known Baptist
preacher today in Texas and one of the top
leaders of that church throughout the entire
South.
Despite his full schedule of activities in
Baptist life throughout the city, State, and
South, the personable minister has found
time to take part in practically all worth-
while community endeavors and also for
visits not only to the sick and troubled of
his own congrceat:on; but also those among
his wide circle of friends in other denomina-
tions.
SI_.VER LEVER
Dr. Land=s in 1961 was presented the Silver
Beaver Award by the Boy Scouts of America
for distinguished service to boyhood.
He has served twice as president of the
Wichita Falls Ministerial Alliance, director
of the Knife and Fork Club. chairman of the
Executive Loan] of the General Bhptist Con-
vention of Tcx.-,s, and as a member of the
boards of the chanhber of commerce, citizens'
pl ai.ning committee, American Red Cross,
Boy Scouts, Young Men's Christian Associa-
t1un. Salvat:on Army. Bo- s Clubs of America,
C.,tnmun,ty Chest, UESO, civic music, child
welfare, mental health and united fund.
He has deliv:rcd the annual sermon for
the Southern Baptist Association and the
Baptist General Co..vention of Texas and has
been featured speaker on the telecast "Fron-
tiers of Faith." In 1961 a sermon he de-
livered in Wichita Falls was rlaccd in the
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD. C
WIFE AND D\L:GITTER
In 1955 the mli-.Ltcr attended the Baptist
World Alliance in London and toured the
Holy Land. Ii_ .aro attarded the Baptist
World Congress in Copenhagan, Denmark.
For several yc.,rz lie preached at the cow-
boy camp meeting in the Davis Mountains,
Mrs. Landes has filed an equally busy
spot in the comm. rnity life and has been a
iced r in m;;r-r c.:.dLavors in addition to
C rrving out to the fill=st her role as a
boast minister's wi.?'. Like her husband, she
numbers a host o friend: in all faiths and
all walks of life.
For mint _ ra, sh.c %v .s a board member
of the nhisrio"..ary union State ex-
ecutive board. and h; s been active in the
Yo::.. 6 W.nhc:.':: C_r-rt:-.ii A'::ociation, muri-
clans club, and t :c woman's forum. She is
a in, nib-ii of P:.1 B,t K.' pp.
The Land-scs have o_ne child, a daughter,
Ruth, who is now Mrs. Bill Pitts. She has
compact-d all v.o.': cx:cpt her dissertation
for a doctorate from Gcorge Peabody College
and Is at present a college teacher in Nash-
ville, Tenn. Hcr husband Is doing graduate
work at Vanderbilt University.
A talented musician. Mrs. Pitts won many
honors at Wichita Falls High School and
Baylor University.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A A2087
help organize military expeditions of their "There may even be a worse case. You hotel, on my way to escort her to her waiting
own people to go back to rescue their fellow may have to fight when there is no hope of car, or to the airport. She was always ahead
citizens? victory, because it is better to perish than of me and yet always willing to share her
precious moments between engagements.
Mr. Kennedy said to his news conference live as slaves." She took the time to hear my explanations
the other day that such raids are ineffec- The new "neutralism" is a most dangerous
tive and could cause international compli- development in our foreign policy. It could when I wanted her help or advice. And that gent e firm-
the cations for us. There are even hints that ultimately plunge us into the big war no- Invariably gave both age with interest, e kind-
ness th that at was assured
is great Government of the United States body wants. nesg
never hurried nt rest, ae or .
is afraid to hurt the feelings of Khrushchev I recall close clearly the first time I saw
and thus give him an excuse either to halt her at lose hand. We were working in the
head-
the withdrawal of the remainder of the Soviet Tribute to a Great Lady women's division of the Democratic head-
Armoncd in additional scat forces orces. in Cuba or even to send quarters in the 1940 campaign. She came to
in a
to talk.encouraging Commenting call." She stopped
at us every an "encouraging
Busince when is the policy of the United EXTENSION OF REMARKS pay
on the
fu based on fear of a tyrant international al of work at hand, she moved on leaving a de-
States
justice? ndamental principles of international HON. EDITH GREEN lighted volunteer behind,
u Right after election, President Roosevelt
The President can call the raids or the OF OREGON invited all -the workers to the White House and time, ein they might indeed fail the IN TIIE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES so he could personally thank us. The invi-
the brims. But, realistically, they symbolize tation, we were certain, came to us at Mrs.
the spirit of revolution-the sacrifices es that Monday, March 25,19E3 Roosevelt's suggestion.
patriots are ready to make for their country's
freedom. Mrs. GREEN of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, The President received us informally, chat-orie of Why are we being commanded to stay tributes to one of America's greatest With each
Later Mrsus as we
Roosevelthtoolc unto
neutral when human liberty is at stake leaders continue to appear. I refer, of with East Room to show us vhf new piano.
and brave men are willing to die for such a course, to the tributes to Eleanor Roose- t the President was not really interested piano. The in
cause? Is this the time for us to appear be- velt who died last November. I ask the quality of the instrument," she told us,
fore all the world as having intervened to unanimous consent to have a sensitive, smiling, "but in the eagle pedestal-being
protect Castro and the Soviet Army in Cuba? warm article by Katie S. Louchheim, an ornithologist he wanted to be certain the
Why does the President invoke neutrality
laws against the expeditions patriotic Deputy Assistant Secretary for Public details were quite correct."
Cubans? Didn't the Soviet G Government Affairs, which appeared in the March talk In recent with her aabout hhe opportunltiessfor
Government
send in an army of 22,000 troops and tech- 1963 newsletter of the Department of women with to be of vt e. She believed or
nicians and eruct missile bases aimed at our State, to be placed in the Appendix of women's contribution and never ceased to
coastline from an island 90 miles away? the RECORD. seek new ways in which women volunteers
What kind of neutrality has Khrushchev TRIBUTE TO A GREAT LADY could be used, or in which the social in-
observed? (By Katie S. Louchheim) justices to women could be resolved and new
Why we to s the histor doors could be opened to them professionally.
Monroe Doctrine, w whic ch for rene nearly 140 year c (Note.-When Mrs. Roosevelt died on No-
for She would rus, by rher
of the by recounting ecoun responsibilities all
has been a cardinal policy of the United vembar 7, it was a great personal loss to own experiences, ind remind
States? Mrs. Louchheim who had known and ad-
women in public life faced. In her auto-
in announced to the world mired her for many years.) biography describing her participation as
in 1823 that t we would d not let European The chairman of the United Nations Day to the
powers "extend their system to any portion celebration had just introduced Mrs. Elea- the London oly meeting woman to in sthe e delegation General
of this hemisphere" or control any govern- nor Roosevelt as "the first lady of the free only of the to set she says:
ment except in colonies they already pos- world." "I was nvery welcome. Moreover, if
sessed. But today we allow the Soviet sys- "The audience," said a newspaper account, failed to not
useful coe. it eove not
tern to establish and maintain itself in "gave Mrs. Roosevelt a standing ovation." I faailed t be a merely l memI e an would not as individal
Cuba by the dominance of military force. Such an outpouring of affection and had failed but that athat ll women had failed.
We set an example for the nations of the esteem greeted her whever she spoke in had failed b but hatle all women others to ere
woul world, including the Latin American coun- small and large halls, in all parts of America, Thee in the be li t eec
tries. We tell them, in effect, they must not and in faraway places around the globe. She her express these
permit their territory or their resources to was, in a word, revered In her own time. All warning of sentiments us have heard a many occasions. I these
be used to aid the revolutionary movement Ilcr generosity with her time was prodigi- a rningn einterview with Ed. In
in Cuba. ous. She seldom refused a plea for an ap- R. Morrow, she said: "i woman must o ward
This is "neutralism" with a vengeance. pearance. Her remarks, delivered in that or she hurts he women."
This is alinement on the side of the cruel simple understated eloquence would reach tall han lived up to her own warn-
dictators. out to everyone in the room. Her audi- She more
it g Whatever she did, she did wl, g -
This is official indiflirence to the cause of ences invariably left determined to follow log. y, ateverl she with she idction. And
freedom. her precepts: "remember that what each what she did helped all women.
What shall we say now to the captive one of us does in each community is a sign last time I saw her was at a meeting
peoples of Eastern Europe? Shall we squelch to other people watching us all over the The
of the Cst eion saw the was at of Women atus all the organizations inside countries where world; this, they say, is what you mean by at which mho presided. I had come to ten
refuge is given to "exile governments" and Democracy." Then she would add: "This Commission about a recent trip to Japan
me Japan
where bands of patriots send word constantly country must accept a Soviet challenge and the and how Commis countless occasions recent
by radio and otherwise to their countrymen become a showcase for what can be done by with Japanese women leaders, they had ex-
The that the free world h^sn't forgotten them? free men for the individual." pressed aeseaon for Jeri, they had
nedy President's action in depriving exiled Her name heeded so many lists. When pressed this body; and rs d nt Ke in the
Cubans of the opportunity to deliver their we needed her-and all of us needed her in accomplishment of its objectives.
own people from human bondage has sent so stony ways-she was there to inspire and Mrs. Roosevelt made a point of asking
a chill of dismay through the hearts of guide and light those "candles in the dark." me whether the young bride in Japan eras
She freedom-loving people le everywhere. oub was the first first to n go to prac- still "dominated" by her mother-in-law.
The view g is epexppress^d, moreover, inside tical cal t a anssorewerrs to and the proleblegtoloei questions. . pasShe This situation had troubled her when she
,
official Washington that we must not annoy combined ideal sm with practicality in a had last visited that country. I assured her
many of these traditional mores were chang-
avoavoi . In other words, supposedly to unique American way. Because of her effec- ins. y of those she said: "I hope were
id d a a big big war, we moat -ppease the Hitless tive concern for her fellow man and woman, Feelingly so."
of our day. she became the pace setter for all of us. We Afterwards, I told her of an evening in
But sad experience tells us that this is the are all her bcneficierles. Because of her Osaka with a group of Japanese professional
very way wars are brought on. Dictators leadership, we can truthfully say that our women. They sought my advice. Would
misconstrue pacifism for cowardice. They friends throughout the world today regard 'they be more effective if they took on more
then take ch^nccs std into -s'fv their acts the American woman's contribution as sig- aggressive manners, raised their voices in de-
of aggression. As Winston Churchill wrote nificant and constructive. Because of her bate, insisted more forcibly and loudly on
after World War II: example, we have all attempted to keep the their rights?
"No, by no means," I replied and went on
"Still, if you will not fight for the right pace she set for us.
when you can easily win without bloodshed; Sometimes the pace in its literal sense- to say that all of the women in my country
if you will not fight when your victory will just keeping up with her-catching her from who had succeeded in persuading others to
be sure and not too costly; you may come to plane to speech, or from meeting hall to next their cause had retained their femininity,
the moment when you will have to fight with appointment was a frighteningly fast one. and their approach had always been reason-
all the odds against you and only a pre- I can recall many occasions when she left me able and gentle. As a perfect illustration
carious chance for survival. breathless, pursuing her up the steps of a of my thesis, I had reminded them of Mrs.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX April 8
Raorcvclt. They had nodded approvingly
and thanked me for reassuring them. Noth-
ing would please them more than to follow
In Mrs. Roosevelt's footsteps.
Mrs. Roosevelt listened and gave me one
of those delightfully half-amused smiles. It
seemed to say, "If I have helped, if what I
have done has inspired others, that was pre-
cisely what I intended to do with my life."
HON. ROBERT W. KASTENMEIER
OF WISCrNSIN
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday. March 28, 1963
Mr. KASTENMEIER. Mr. Speaker,
within recent months the Atlantic Al-
liance has had to weather a series of
storms. We have found that we and our
allies do not always agree on the means
to meet the Soviet military threat, nor
how to deal with the Russians on the
diplomatic level. Now we find ourselves
in an economic dispute with our allies
over the question of East-West trade.
The specific point at issue has been the
Russian desire to purchase 40-inch pipe
from Western countries. We have re-
fused to sell the Russians this pipe, fear-
ing it will disrupt the Western oil mar-
ket, and have put pressure on our allies
to do the same.
However. our British and German al-
lies do not look on such sales with the
same alarm, and their businessmen have
been very interested in increasing trade
relations with the Soviet Union, This
particular issue is only sympotomatic of
the broader and more important question
of East-West trade and what kind of
common policy, if any, shall be worked
out among the NATO powers.
Although we are the most powerful
member of the Alliance. we must not
forget that our allies are Indenendent
nations which sometimes have a different
conception of their interests than we do.
Without exception they depend heavily
on foreir=n trade for their economic sur-
vival: for us it is less important involv-
ing only 4 percent of our manufactured
goods. The problem of East-West trade
is a crucial one not only in the relations
between ourselves and our allies, but be-
tween the Atlantic Alliance and the So-
viet Union.
'n editorial in the April 2 Washington
Post outlines sr.me of these problems and
I commend it to my colleagues. The two
points it makes are those to whi-h we
mutt address ou-elvns if the rrerent
drift and disintegration within the al-
]lence are. to be stemmed: First, our allies
have a vital economic stake in the main-
tenonee of East-West trade; second,
trade can be an instrument for the re-
duction of political tension if intelli-
gently applied.
EAST-WEST TRADE
should Britain sell pipeline to the Soviet
Union? The United States says no, invok-
ing the goal of NATO unity and the specter
of building up the enemy. The British, a
trading people with heavy unemployment,
say yes, downgrading the Importance of a
Soviet purchase. Here In a nutshell is the
problem of East-West trade.
This newspaper has already stated Its opin-
ton that the United States has the right to
explain Its viewpoint to Its allies which trade
with Rursla. It has done so not only to
Great Britain but to West Germany. Italy,
and Japan. fly the same token of fairness,
the nations approached hive the right to
decide the question for themselves. They
should not he the hutt of American censure
or re risal If, within the limitations pre-
srr.bad by NATO policy, they choose to trade.
't'he NATO limitations amount to the
lowe,.t common denominator or agreement
a momg the allies. Unilaterally, the United
Ststrs has put far tighter shackles on Itself.
If cfrt ?lal Washington Is unhappy about the
g p. and it Is. It should keen In mind that
it is a member of an alliance, not the "Mes-
-ra" of the Western "bloc." American Irri-
tation would seem to be the cheap price of
l . rtie potion In a grouping of political
equ ls.
The fact is that Eart-West trading pros-
pects are far from unlimited. The NATO
controls amount to a floor. Soviet realities
mike a ceiling: Moscow's foreign exchange
situaton, its commitment to economic self-
suniriency. Its short she'f of wares and short
sllopp.ng list and Its ornery trade practices,
As for goods In the gray area between the
Amer i con and NATO controls, such as pipe-
line, trade rtoppige will only encourage So-
viet development of a domestic supply. The
United Stairs sees pirellne es an Iron snake
writh'n- into the Western European oil mar-
k?at. Even If this questionable image turns
out to he the proper one, the touted Soviet
"oil otfenrh?e" will have to be met on other
twins.
One does not have to accept the Kremlin's
rant In. order to believe that trade offers one
rm ell possibility cf taking the tension from
F -t-West rel-itlons crud of forming the habit
and the pattern of mutually advantageous
co_t,i C. It Is high time that this possibility
be c- 1-lored.
The Late Dr. E. H. Givens, of Texas
12XTENSION OF REMARKS
or
HON. HOMER THORNBERRY
OF TEXAS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. TIIORNI3ERRY. Mr. Speaker, on
March 26, 1963, the Senate of the 58th
Lceisl tture of Texas adopted Senate
Resolution 315 in memory of Dr. E. H.
Given;, of Austin, Tex.
Tlii;; is a splendid and deserved tribute
to Dr. Givens. He and I were close,
personal friends over the years. Because
of what his life meant to Austin, the
Stat'" of Texas, and our beloved country,
I will insert thD senate resolution at this
point:
:SENATE RE.;oLCT[ON 315
Whereas In the passing of Dr. Everett H.
Givens on the 6th day of November 1962, the
city of Austin lost a dedicated and able civic
leader: and
Whereas Dr. Givens devoted most of his
life to the betterment of educational stand-
ards and economic c: ndltions of members
of his race; and
Whereas his Intelligent and logical ap-
proach to controversial matt-era made him
an effective champion of many causes and
earned for him the respect of people In all
walks of life; and
Whereas Dr. Givens worked tirelessly for
east Austin, giving Ills wise counsel in foster-
ing better understanding, and his passing is
an Irreparable loss to thousands of people
who for so many years depended on his wis-
dom and guidance; and
Whereas It is the desire of the Senate of
the 58th Legislature of the State of Texas
to honor the memory of this most worthy
citizen: Now, therefore, be it
Resolved, Th'rt when the senate adjourns
today It do so in his memory, and that a page
In the perm anent journal of the senate be
devoted to the according of this resolution;
and be it further
Resolved, Tb.t a copy of this resolution be
sent to Dr. Givens' widow as an expression
of sympathy and as a small token of the
respect in which Dr. Everett H. Givens was
held by the members of the Senate of Texas.
Buy Ameri-an Act on S1:ips Tightened
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. EDWARD A. GARMATZ
OF MARYLAND
IN THE IIOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Monday, April 8, 1963
Mr. GARMATZ. Mr. Speaker, be-
cause the action taken by the Secretary
of Defense in tightening the provisions
of the Buy American Act is of great im-
portance to all of us and to our constitu-
ent':, I am inserting an article from the
Baltimore Sun of April 5, outlining the
Secretary's administrative order in this
regard:
[From the Baltimore (Md.) Sun, April 5,
19631
Buy AMERICAN ACT ON Snaps TIGHTENED
(By Helen Delich Bentley)
WASI-INDTON. April 4-The Defense De-
pertment has tightened its Buy American
Act provisions in three pending bids for
construction of Navy ships, Representative
G.%rMATZ, Democrat, of Maryland announced
today.
The Secretary of Defense has taken admin-
istrative action to change the standard for
defining American-made Bonds from 50 to 90
percent of the cost of nt^terials or products
involved in shin roe stru"Lion. GARM.TZ said.
"The effect of this new standard is to re-
quire coat actors on ship construction to use
materials and products largely of American
manufacture," he added.
COMI^L+.INTS NOTED
"Under the usual procurement rules, a
manufactured it^m qualifies as American-
made so long as the cost of foreign-made
material does not exce-d 50 percent of the
total ? ? ?. Mt, )y business firms have com-
plained that competitors with cheap labor
and materials often have been able to under-
bid them In Go. ernment procurements."
GARMATZ referred to a recent instance
where the Navy Bureau of Ships awarded a
conversion contract for two AO-22 fleet
oilers to Puget Sound B ;dye & Drydock Co.,
a Northwest firm owned by Lockheed Air-
craft Corp. Puget Sound was able to under-
bid east coast slrpbuilding firms by propos-
ing to have midsections of the hulls
fabricated In Japan.
Since the cost of foreign-made goods
entering Into the contract operation would
have been 36 percent, somewhat less than
the 50 percent ceiling, the Navy decided that
Puget Sound was entitled to the award under
the Buy American Act and Executive Order
10582 Implementing the act.
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