A NEW LOOK AT ALLIANCE FOR PROGRESS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000200240035-8
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 18, 2004
• Sequence Number: 35
• Publication Date: May 31, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

9 342 Approved For RelezLs8,WPgr((J~31VAL R CORD 03 HOUSE 00240035-8
SS55 May 31
Act as bait to the European countries to This is a beautiful blue and white nine- obviously a number of communists in
treat us kindly in the matter of tariffs. car train including many exhibits of the the cabinet of Dictator Duvalier.
This makes me more pleased than ever history, heritage, and current attractions Adding gravity to the continuing un-
that I voted against the New Frontier's in this great and rugged mountain State. rest in Hispaniola are reports that the
free trade bill last year, and I wonder It was a great honor to participate in Communists are wasting no time in also
how Secretary of Agriculture Freeman the ribbon-cutting ceremony this morn- attempting to make inroads in the Do-
feels today after having told the House ing which started the train on its way. minican Republic.
Agriculture Committee only a few days The lovely and gracious First Lady of The advancing Communist offensive
ago that he fully expected the Common West Virginia, Mrs. W. W. Barron, cut of subversive penetration in the Domini-
Market countries would reduce their tar- the ribbon signalizing the start of the can Republic apparently is not being
iffs on our poultry exports. journey of the centennial train T 1
d
ff
EXTENSION OF PUBLIC LAW 78
(Mr. COHELAN asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. COHELAN. Mr. Speaker, two of
our colleagues this afternoon have urged
that reconsideration should be given to
the extension of Public Law 78.
As you well know, I was one of the
majority who opposed the extension of
this law. A majority of this great body
voted to terminate the bracero program
at the end of this year. I can recall no
time in previous years when this legis-
lation was considered where more time
was given for full debate. Moreover, am-
ple notice was given to every Member.
To permit further consideration of this
well-debated issue would make a mockery
of the careful and full deliberations al-
ready given this subject by the House of
Representatives.
Mr. Speaker, I would hope at this time
that Members of the House will take time
to examine in detail the record, the very
ample record which has been made on
this subject. I especially call the atten-
tion of Members to the very extensive
statistical data which I did not have the
opportunity to develop during the time
allotted me in the course of the debate
last Wednesday. I am confident that a
careful examination and review of this
data will show that there is absolutely no
valid reason why we should undertake to
give this matter further consideration.
Mr. Speaker, I would also like to urge
those Members of the House who were
in favor of the bill and who earnestly feel
that our action is going to result in injury
to their particular districts, that they get
behind the job stabilization proposal for
migrant workers which is presently
pending before the Congress. If we can
act favorably on this legislation at this
session of the Congress we shall have
made the first constructive step to create
a reliable and stable domestic agricul-
tural labor force.
ONE HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF
THE ADMISSION OF THE STATE
OF WEST VIRGINIA INTO THE
UNION
(Mr. HECHLER asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. HECHLER. Mr. Speaker, 1963 is
the 100th anniversary of the admission
of the State of West Virginia into the
Union. -
This morning at a special ceremony
here in Washington, D.C., the centennial
special exhibits train was launched,
wou
e
ectively countered by the new Do-
like to congratulate the centennial com- minican Government.
mission and its able executive director, Since President Bosch's inauguration
Carl Sullivan, Commerce Commissioner 3 months ago, more than 150 Commu-
Hulett Smith, and all others who have nists deported during the missile crisis
helped make this dream come true. last fall have been allowed to return to
I would like to pay tribute to those the Dominican Republic. Many of these
railroads who have provided the rolling came from Cuba and other Soviet bloc
stock
necessary to send this train o it
ns
way through the hills and valleys of our
State. The Chesapeake & Ohio, the
Baltimore & Ohio, the New York Central,
the Norfolk & Western, Western Mary-
land, and Pennsylvania Railroads have
all cooperated to help make this venture
a success.
Bill Bolden, retired manager of the
Charleston Civic Center and founder of
the William S. Bolden Co., machinery
and tool firm of Charleston, is chairman
of the centennial train committee.
Harold F. Lydick, who retired recently
from the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad,
with a record of 47 years' service of rail-
roading, has been placed in charge of
the train as trainmaster.
Twenty-four college youths have been
named hosts and guides on the train for
the summer tour.
A featured exhibit in the train is the
original statehood proclamation signed
by President Abraham Lincoln, authoriz-
ing the admission of West Virginia to the
Union on June 20, 1863. This rare docu-
ment was loaned by the National
Archives specifically for exhibit on the
centennial train.
Our great State boasts many natural
resources and opportunities for tourism
countries. Reports from Santo Domingo
state that many of these Communists
now teach in a Communist-front school,
and have made gains in various civic
organizations.
There is also evidence that the Com-
munists have made inroads into the
Dominican police, the labor unions, the
schools and student groups. The Com-
munists are not only swelling their ranks
with increased cell activity, but they are
actively exploiting the leftist and na-
tionalist.movements in this new republic
to accomplish their aim of deceit.
The extent to which the Communists
in the Dominican Republic are relent-
lessly and boldly campaigning-both
overtly and covertly-and the apparent
failure to date of President Bosch's gov-
ernment to crack down on this Red
thrust gives just cause for concern.
The testimony presented earlier this
year to the Subcommittee on Inter-
American Affairs, of which I am chair-
man, in hearings on Castro-Communist
subversion in this hemisphere disclosed
that what happened in Cuba can happen
elsewhere in Central and South America.
To allow the Communists to gain toe-
holds in the Dominican Republic is not
only a menacing danger to the newly
elected
government of President Bh
osc,
greatest natural resource is our young but it constitutes a grave threat to the
people-the hope of the future. security of the Western Hemisphere.
Mr. Speaker, between now and Labor This fact should be made crystal clear
Day this train will tour various cities in by our Department of State to the pres-
the State of West Virginia. I would like ent government of the Dominican Re-
to take this opportunity to extend an public, and it should be made now.
invitation to my colleagues and others Neither the United States nor the Or-
throughout the country to visit the ganization of American States can afford
rugged mountain State of West Virginia to repeat past errors of tardy action-
during our centennial year of 1963. or inaction-at this dangerous juncture
THE TROUBLED ISLAND OF -.,,.>- `",
HISPANIOLA A~ A NEW LOOK AT ALLIANCE FOR
(Mr. SELDEN asked and was given ( PROGRESS
permission to address the House for 1 The SPEAKER. Under previous order
minute and to revise and extend his of the House, the gentleman from Ohio
remarks.) [Mr. FEiGHArr] is recognized for 30-min-
Mr. SELDEN. Mr. Speaker, the situ- utes.
ation on the troubled island of His- (Mr. FEIGHAN asked and was given
paniola in Fidel Castro's back yard is far permission to revise and extend his re-
more serious than just a feud between marks, and include extraneous matter.)
the two occupants of the island-the
Dominican Republic and Haiti. Mr. FEIGHAN. Mr. Speaker, it is be-
There is ominous evidence that His- coming increasingly apparent that a full- and paniola is the scene of intensive Marxist is scale
underway far-reaching s throughout t C l rtentra al aluand
maneuverings. is Cnd
South America. But a few years ago
The crises in Haiti-a turbulent na- questions were being raised about the di-
tion ripe for Communist exploitation- mensions of that revolution, whether it
is made more dangerous since there are was being stimulated by disruptive forces
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U.S. VESSEL STRAYS INTO SOVIET Mr. FINDLEY. Mr. Speaker, as a
ZONE part of the massive but unsuccessful
(Mr. ROGERS of Florida asked and effort to get wheat-farmer approval of
the bushel-acre control proposal in the
was given perm
ex- - May 21 referendum, the administration
nute and esto to revise address and the
House for 1 minut forced through Congress a hurry-up 2-
tend his remarks.) year extension of the feed grains pro-
Mr. ROGERS of Florida. Mr. Speak- gram
er, reports this morning that a U.S. The propaganda barrage which hit
Coast Guard cutter accidentally strayed Congressmen in behalf of the feed-grain
into a Soviet rocket testing area in the program extension paralleled the bar-
Pacific shows a remarkable contrast to rage which hit farmers in behalf of the
the repeated penetrations of U.S. teed- wheat scheme.
torial waters off the coast of Florida by Secretary of Agriculture Freeman re-
Soviet trawlers.
The U.S. cutter incident occurred
earlier this month. It was reportedly
confirmed by the chief of staff of the
14th Coast Guard District. The cutter
was unaware of the Soviet restriction of
the zone, and it left the scene as soon as
it was notified.
Could the United States get such con-
firmation that its own home waters had
been violated by Soviet trawlers earlier
this month? To my knowledge, the
State Department has not so much as
lodged a protest of Soviet penetrations on
May 14 and 23.
I urge that the appropriate commit-
tees of the Congress investigate the cir-
cumstances surrounding these incidents.
I am certain that the Soviets have little
intention of halting their missions in
waters along our own coast. Whatever
those missions, they are not in the in-
terest of our national security. and
should be stopped.
EXTENSION OF PUBLIC LAW 78
peatedly made inflated claims about the
1961, 1962, and 1963 feed grains pro-
grams. These assertions began in late
February and continued through the eve
of final action April 25 in the House
of Representatives. Assured by this
Cabinet-level source that the programs
cut surpluses 1.3 billion bushels and re-
From Mr. Freeman's own figures it is
obvious the House of Representatives was
misled to the extent of over 400 million
bushels. Feed grain stocks were not re-
duced from 3.2 billion to 1.9 billion
bushels.
By his own figures the reduction was
from 3.2 billion to 2.3 billion bushels.
When adjustment is made for other fac-
tors-increased utilization of feed
grains-the negligible effect on stock-
piles of the costly programs is apparent.
But even if the programs are accorded
full credit for the cutback, the facts Mr.
Freeman gave the House vary near a
half-billion bushels from those he gave
the Senate.
On page 13 of the Senate printed hear-
ings, Mr. Freeman presented table 5(a)
which shows feed grain storage and
handling charges for the 1961 fiscal year
to be $224.8 million. Estimate for 1963
fiscal year is listed as $169 million.
From these facts, presented by Mr.
Freeman himself, the daily cost of stor-
age and handling for the entire fiscal
year 1961 amounted to about $615,000.
Yet Mr. Freeman had the gall to mis-
inform Members of the House on April
19 that storage and handling costs were
down $920,000 a day compared with
1961.
By Mr. Freeman's own figures, costs
were down $55.8 million on an annual
basis, which figures out $153,000 a day.
A country mile from $920,000 a day.
While we do not have as many cal-
culating machines and statistical experts
as Mr. Freeman, we find it extremely
difficult to save $920,000 a day when the
total cost, even at the peak, was less
than $650,000 a day.
Testifying before the Senate commit-
tee May 6. I stated that, in my opinion,
Mr. Freeman has not been a reliable
source of information. Now that the
printed record is available. I can estab-
lish my contention simply by quoting
Mr. Freeman himself.
The House approved the 2-year ex-
tension of the feed grains program by
only 208 to 196. Had the facts been
accurately and fairly presented to Mem-
bers of the House by Secretary Freeman,
perhaps the outcome would have been
different.
duced storage and handling costs nearly
a million dollars a day, Congressmen
approved the 2-year extension by a vote
of 208 to 196.
When these assertions began in late
February, I challenged them and said
official reports showed the surplus cut-
back was actually less than half what
Secretary Freeman then claimed. I
also disputed the claims on savings.
On March 10, I devoted a special or-
der-page 3822-to the content of Sec-
retary Freeman's memorandum of
February 28, and I charged the Secre-
tary with deceptive reasoning and mis-
leading use of facts.
In a letter to Members of the House
of Representatives April 19, Secretary
n ur ed support of the proposed
F
reema
(Mr. TEAGUE of California asked and 2-year r extension.
was given permission to address the I he claimed that the feed grains
House for 1 minute and to revise and ex programs enacted in 1961 and 1962-
tend his remarks.) Reduced feed grain stocks from a record
Mr. TEAGUE of California. Mr. 3.2 billion bushels in 1961-prior to the time
Speaker, unless upon further reflection tho new feed grains programs became effec-
the House concludes to reverse the un- tive-to an estimated 1.9 million bushels at
fortunate position taken last Wednesday the close of the current marketing.
in connection with the proposition to ex- tnR grain and handling 920 000 coeach mp day
tend Public Law 78, we will have dealt in gains date in 1dlin charges
body blow to the small farmers of the
West. The large farmers can, if neces- I immediately challenged these state-
sary, in some way or other get along ments in a letter I circulated to Mem-
without the supplemental labor supply. bers April 23. But no retraction was
inasmuch as they can much more easily forthcoming and undoubtedly many
afford to mechanize. They can, if nec- Congressmen, in deciding how to vote,
essary, provide more family houses: if accepted Mr. Freeman's statements as
necessary, they can go thousands of miles fair and factual.
to try to recruit domestic labor, even They were neither, and I can now cite
though they lose money for several years as proof Secretary Freeman himself.
in the process. But the small farmer After the bill passed the House, it was
cannotafford to do this. taken up by the Senate Committee on
The action we took the other day un- Agriculture and Forestry. First witness
less it is reversed will drive to the wall was Secretary Freeman, appearing on
hundreds of thousands of small fruit and May 3.
vegetable farmers in this country. On page 9 of the printed hearings of
I sincerely trust that if a bill is intro- the Senate committee, Secretary Free-
duced to extend this act for 1 year rather man presented the following figures for
than 2 many Members will reconsider total stocks of feed grains at the end of
the decision they made last Wednesday. the 1961 and 1963 marketing years:
[In bucbrl,)
SECRETARY FREEMAN NOT RELI-
ABLE SOURCE OF INFORMA-
TION
(Mr. FINDLEY asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
torn ---
(lats ------------------
Ilarky.- -----.
i nrgbnm grain........
2, 008. 000, 000
522.060, n66
133,000.000
702, 000, 000
3, 188,000, 000
1,300,000.000
275,000. 00000
126,000,0
0.1,5, 060, 006
2,325,000,000
THE EUROPEAN COMMON MARKET
(Mr. GROSS asked and was given per-
mission to address the House for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, news re-
ports today tell us of the action of the
European Common Market increasing
the tariff on poultry and poultry prod-
ucts; in other words,- practically prohib-
iting the shipment of poultry to Common
Market nations. This has been an ex-
cellent market for American poultry in
the past.
I would suggest that those who voted
for the Trade Expansion Act last year
now rise on the floor of the House, crack
their best heels together at least three
times and shout "Hallelujah" for the
wonderful treatment we are now getting
for having passed the Trade Expansion
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UN R SSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE 9343
directed by Moscow and whether it was Central America and Panama in Guate- CENTRAL AMERICA'S TEXTBOOK PROGRAM
like many prior revolutionary trends mala. A Senate report on the Alliance FREE READERS FOR EVERY CHILD
south of our borders-a tempest in a for Progress, transmitted by the Honor- An Alliance for Progress project is provid-
teapot. Today we have adequate an- able HUBERT H. HUMPHREY, presents a ing free readers this winter and spring to
swers to those questions provided by the timely and informative analysis of this every first- and second-grade pupil in Cen-
passage of events and the all too clear development. A pertinent part of that tral America's public schools-urban and
alternatives we must face if human free- report reads as follows: rural.
dom is to be secure in this hemisphere. REGIONAL AID MISSION Under this mass education project, 2,-
A major issue now confronting Ameri- In order to deal with Central America as a be0d stribu de to about1850 000 chi drenwin
can leadership is, who and what forces unit, the United States has established an Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nica-
will direct the revolutionary ferment AID mission known as ROCAP (Regional ragua, and Costa Rica. In addition, teach-
which grips every segment of life in Lat- Office Central America and Panama) with ing guides will be provided to the children's
in America. Will it be the agents of im- headquarters in Guatemala. It maintains approximately 30,000 teachers.
perial communism who advocate a doc- close working relations with the Central Distribution began in El Salvador in Feb-
American of violence and bloody revolution as gucigalpaBank for Economic Integration in ruary 1963. It will end with the opening of
the means of destroying bloody
existing so- Tegucigalpa, with the Permanent Secretariat schools in Nicaragua in May 1963.
the
trine for the Treaty of Central Americ
cial-economic order of Latin America? Integration in Guatemala, an Economic The five participating countries, aided by
with the U.S. AID the U.S. Government, are conducting the
bas dlluit be pon the
Ann twithe - individual tdual countries in its project.
'constructive p rogramr change
gnrl ar aS
,
red uv weal with fillment of justice in the social order? the specific problems. There is, for example, These readers are the first in a series of
We have seen the results of the Corn- a regional council on higher education paperback textbooks being developed under
munist doctrine when which is working on the sound premise that a 5-year program which will include all
put into practice better universities will be attained at less subjects taught through the sixth grade.
in the Western Hemisphere. Russian OC- cost if one good veterinary school is estab- All the texts will be prepared at the recently
cupied Cuba stands as a symbol of What lished here, one good law school there, etc. established Central American Regional Text-
happens to people when the dictatorship ROCAP is only a few months old, and its book Development Center in Guatemala.
of Moscow seizes control of their coup- precise relationship to the U.S. country Under this program, every child in Central
try. The legitimate revolutionary aims missions and to Washington has not yet America's public primary schools will ulti-
taken the Cuban people were captured by a taken form, but its general role is clear: mately receive free textbooks for his own use.
oanheul Cuban Russian agents who used It is to use the AID program as a means Thus, a more standardized regional educa-
h
those of to and u of Russian ian the common man of encouraging the Central American eco- tional curriculum is envisaged for all five
nomic integration movement. Similarly, the countries-an essential element in the re-
seize control of Cuba. Once they were in basic role of the Central American Bank gion's advancing economic and social inte-
control a reign of terror and destruction for Economic Integration is clear: It is to grati.on.
followed. A dictatorship of the few has use credit as an instrument of encouraging An important result of the Center's activi-
now imposed a ruthless tyranny upon the the movement. ROCAP has able leadership, ties will be the creation of trained experts
many in Cuba, The people of Cuba were it has the strong support of the U.S. Coordi- in curriculum development and specialists
many of the juste peo le of Cr Pa wernator of the Alliance for Progress, and it has in writing, design, and production of text-
tion. is robb And worse, i rits Of Russia revolu-
now been well received by Central American books. This pool of trained personnel will
leaders in the allocation of U.S. funds under be created over the 5-year period during
using Cuba as a base of operations to im- the Alliance for Progress program, this re- Which teams of participants from the coop-
pose the new tyranny of communism on gional mission should receive high priority. erating countries will work at the Center
all the nations of Central and South It seems to me that there is also a role under the guidance of specialized con-
America. for ROCAP to play in bringing about a sultants.
The revolutionary ferment which greater coordination of the activities of our ALLIANCE GOAL
characterized Cuba before the which own country AID missions. There is a steady The first- and second-grade readers bear
takeover is Castro
flow of communications between each of the Alliance for Progress symbol. They are
gathering momentum in these missions and Washington, but appar- being produced by commercial printers in
many countries of Central and South ently very little communication among the each of the five countries. The master copies
America. This ferment has not been in- missions. In one country I visited, for ex- of the texts, written by a U.S.-sponsored
stigated by the agents of imperial Rus- ample, the Education Minister was miffed group in Guatemala, were reviewed and
sia. It arises from the obvious fact that because our AID mission there was building adapted to each country's requirements by its
the great masses of people in that area cheaper, simpler schools than our AID mis- Ministry of Education. The revisions dealt
will great
as tolerate s of people
their hat area sion in a neighboring country. The variety with minor language differences.
ing coo loner t ii long did- of techniques used in housing programs is
of poverty,
y, almost as great as the number of countries unt United States and the participating
ease, hunger, and neglect. The demands in which we have such programs, Local 00nried are efray the providing initial approximat printing elyof $310h,
hhe
of the homeless, the landless peasants, conditions vary sufficiently so that it would ~ to de
the impoverished masses for a life that be foolish to attempt to achieve complete first- and second-grade readers. Though
accords with the dignity of man are both uniformity. But at the same time local financing details of the exec program are
legitimate and understandable. Only conditions are enough alike so that what still under study, it is gradually that U.S. ted the means to that legitimate end remains is learned in one country has some self- as the the Cent will er gradually fs' co tri-
vance in another. There ought to be more butions Central American countries' conri-
open, regional conferences and seminars where increase.
We have proposed peaceful and orderly AID personnel could discuss mutual prob- The textbooks are simply bound paperback
means. This we have done through the lems and exchange ideas and experiences. editions with large, clear type and color
Alliance for Progress. What we have As it is our policy to promote integration illustrations reflecting life within Central
roposed accords with the political troll- in Central America, U.S. diplomats and aid America. The purpose is to provide the nee-
pons of the orris with Hems litica officials assigned to Central American coun- essary number of books in the most inex-
tihere. will be expected to endorse and pro- pensive but acceptable manner and thus con-
Central America has become a conven- mote this aim. If the regional mission, the tribute to the Alliance goal of providing the
ient target for the operations of Com- regional bank, and the Common Market are benefits of primary education to the children
munist agents. They are increasing the the instruments chosen to achieve this goal, of Central America. Each first grader will
tempo of their conspiratorial activities in then U.S. officials should support them, receive three readers; the second grader two.
the area between Guatemala and Pan- I have made inquiries about the work Am, ODECA, ROMP
ama. All the countries in that area are of ROCAP because I attach the highest Cooperating in the program as a whole
are the State Dart's Anc for Inter-
more directly exposed to the propaganda priority to developments in the Carib- national Deve opmente(AID) and the Minis-
and agent infiltration activities launched bean and Central American area. It was tries of Education of the five participating
from the Russian base in Cuba. To encouraging to learn that a textbook pro- countries. The Organization of Central
ignore these developments is to invite gram has been developed for first- and. American States (ODECA) is serving as liai-
another Cuba tragedy in the Western second-grade pupils in that area. This son for the Ministries. Under its charter,
Hemisphere. is a practical start in eradicating illit- ODECA conducts joint educational efforts re-garding One step taken by the Alliance to meet eracy among the masses in Central schools. the region's primary and secondary
this challenge was the establishment a America. A brief summary of that pro- for the Alliance ors Progrs s, signed he
few months ago of a regional office for gram states:
project agreement between AID and ODECA
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
at ODECA's offices in Ban Salvador on Janu-
ary 31, 1963.
Carrying out AID's role is its regional
office for Central America and Panama
(R(>CAP) with headquarters In Guatemala.
ROCAP works with the organizations estab-
lished by the Central Americans themselves
to help advance the region's economic and
social integration. Besides ODECA, these or-
ganizations Include the Permanent Secre-
tariat for Central American Economic Inte-
gration (SIECA) in Guatemala which is im-
plementing the Common Market; the Central
American Bank for Economic Integration
(CABEI) in Tegucigalpa, and the Superior
Council of Central American Universities
(CSUCA) in San Josd, Costa Rica. whose
purpose is to effect regional coordination and
cooperative development of higher education
In Central America.
Another program being pushed by
ROCAP provides medical attention for
the campesino, that is. the landless
peasant who comprises the bulk of the
rural population in Latin America. This
program operates through mobile units
and is directed at helping people who
need medical treatment but have neither
doctors nor other medical facilities avail-
able. It concentrates on meeting needs
of people in isolated rural communities.
A brief summary of this practical pro-
gram to fight disease and sickness reads
as follows:
MEDICAL ATTENTION FOR THE CAMPESINO
Health services are underway for the rural
areas of Central America and Panama
through the use of mobile units under an
Alliance for Progress program.
Objective of the program, when fully im-
plemented, is to bring basic health services
to approximately 2 million inhabitants of
the rural areas of the Isthmus.
Three countries-El Salvador, Honduras
and Costa Rtca-have begun the mobile
rural health program with the cooperation
of the U.S. Government. Three others-
Guatemala, Panama. Nicaragua-are ex-
pected to be ready for participation soon.
The initial phase of the program was
inaugurated with formal ceremonies on De-
cember 1, 1982. at the headquarters of the
Organization of Central American States
(ODECA) in San Salvador. Attending were
representatives of the six countries and the
State Department's Agency for International
Development (AID). the cooperating U.S.
Government agency.
COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT
The program has two parts. First, It
is to provide through mobile health teams,
curative and preventive medical services to
persons in isolated rural communities where
no health services exist or are deficient.
Secondly, it is to organize citizen commit-
tees to generate community development pro-
grams in fields allied to health such as ade-
quate water supplies. sewage, health educa-
tion and other activities which would Im-
prove community living conditions. Self-
help on the part of each country and area
serviced is a cardinal factor in the program.
Each participating country in the Initial
phase operates two mobile health units
equipped with jeep-model ambulances. Each
unit staff consists of a medical doctor, a
nurse's aid, a sanitary Inspector and a
chauffeur and based at an organized health
facility such as a health center or hospital.
It departs daily from that center to provide
health services on a regular schedule, mak-
ing calls at fixed posts provided by each
The bases and
community
tin
i
ti
.
g
a
pa
par
c
business an
the communities in each country are se- all the high-sounding plans for long- private employment agency owners in a let
belted i
by of tea atind d t other eer a Health.quipmenta and nte mom- staff rang e economic development and the terwriting campaign whether they be mem-
btle units windy speeches made in their justifiCa- hers of a National, State, or local associa-
will be put into use as each country develops lion or not.
Its services. lion'
The program will encourage recent grad- NATIONAL EMPLOYMENT
uates of the national medical schools in ASSOCIATION
the region to work with the unite to help
satisfy the medical schools' requirement that The SPEAKER. Under previous or-
each graduate devote, after graduation, 1 der of the House, the gentleman from
year to rural medical service work. Missouri EMr. KARSTEN) is recognized for
The mobile units primarily provide trans- 15 minutes.
portation for the health teams and for pa- (Mr. KARSTEN asked and was given
tients who require emergency transport from permission to revise and extend his re-
rural centers to hospitals or organized fa- marks and to include extraneous mate-
They where required care can be given. rial.)
They also may be used to transport food
for-peace commodities for child feeding and Mr. KARSTEN. Mr. Speaker, we who
supplies for use at fixed facilities In com- serve in the Congress soon become well
munities on their fixed schedule. acquainted with the high-pressure tac-
RECIONAL Am sTArT ties of special interest groups. The co-
A special AID health advisory staff works ordinated letter-writing slanted news campaigns,
release be-
lts with the Ministry of Health of each county planted
headquarters are In Guatemala. The come familiar tools in the great game
staff consists of the chief medical adviser, of trying to influence-our actions and
field support officer, a sanitary engineer, our votes. We learn to accept these ef-
health educator, a nurse and a community forts for what they are.
development adviser. All the advisers Will
We are currently the targets Of a Cam-
regional al all In the Its work. countries, thus making the staff paign which I am compelled to speak
The advisory staff is under the auspices of against. This campaign is backed by a
AID's Regional Office for Central America charging association of private, wh h employment fee-
and Panama (ROCAP) with headquarters in
Guatemala. ROCAP works with organize- calls itself the National Employment
dons established by Central Americans them- Association. Its purpose is to weaken
selves to advance economic and social de-
velopment the public employment service.
and Integration on the Isthmus. Besides Secretariat for EcomicIn Include newsletter this association
boasted that a power-
tegration (SIECA) in Guatemala which is fully organized campaign would shape
concerned with the Central American Com- the congressional course of action in the
mon Market of which Guatemala, El Sal- field of employment and hiring.
valor, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica This newsletter issued by the National
are members and which Panama Is eligible
to join; the Central American Bank for FAD- Employment Association, on October 5,
nomic Integration (CABEI) in Tegucigalpa 1962, entitled, "Who's Hiring Who?"
which is financed by the five Central Ameri- care a message headlined, "Special to
can Republics, the United States and other NEA Members Attending the 1962 Con-
entities; and the Superior Council of Cen- vention." This message advocated an
tral America Universities (CSUCA) in Ban intensive drive to develop support for
Rica, Is to coordination and whose cooperative purpose development aeffect fee-charging employment agencies and of higher education in Central America. to ~disclrt dit the public Iliicuoe~mployment of-
fle. stated,
good start has been made in Central congressional investigation of public em-
America in identifying the objectives of ployment agencies is one virtually certain
the Alliance with the aspirations of the result of a properly conducted campaign of
masses in that area. Practical programs this kind. A major cutback in tax supported
of this type are worth volumes of theo- employment operations is a definitely cer-
retical plans worked up by the ivory rain result. Far more public support, in-for tower thinkers and which seldom If ever creased b sines , greater benefits prospectsfor private
have a direct bearing on the emergent agwill be ency owners, but only If they get behind
needs of the masses in underdeveloped it with strength enough to insure success.
countries. Ivory tower planning has
brought us a harvest of new problems Mr. Speaker, I do not know what
and newly won enemies in many coun- this campaign against the Public Em-
tries we sought to help. Laos stands as ployment Service is costing, but it must
a classic example of the kind of trouble be a substantial amount. The National
we must avoid in our efforts to help the Education Association points with pride
people of Latin America. to an exclusive club which consists of
But more needs to be done through di- private employment agencies which have
rect action programs to alleviate the contributed a thousand dollars, or more,
misery of the campesinos. These are the to be used against the Public Employ-
impoverished have-nots of Central ment Service.
America. They are the people for whom The campaign has drawn heavily upon
rapid change for the better is an Imper- materials prepared by a private employ-
ative. Their needs are seemingly limit- ment agency located in Akron, Ohio. I
less. But, more than anything else they should like to read a paragraph or two
need basic instruction In how to till the from a letter sent out by this firm to
land, the crops they can grow and how to private employment agencies in April
grow them, how they can help one an-
other to advance the common good and DEAR FEL7Ow PRIVATE EMPLOYMENT SERV-
owner the name from a
the techniques of self-help projects. A ]ICE private OWNER: W This P ' employment ` ' is agency a letter
me
program of this type would do more to as yourself who sees the writing on the wall
I
channel the revolutionary ferment into unless we take action and take it now.
peaceful and constructive outlets than am greatly concerned over the future of our
ll
m seeking the help of a
d
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House of Representatives.
The House met at 12 o'clock noon.
The Chaplain, Rev. Bernard Braskamp,
D.D,, offered the following prayer:
Psalm 112: 6: The righteous shall be
held in everlasting remembrance.
Eternal and ever-blessed God, we
thank Thee for the many days of solemn
and sacred significance in the calendar
of our national life.
We have been privileged to call to
mind the vast multitude who gave them-
selves so sacrificially In order to safe-
guard our heritage of freedom and
democracy.
May our hearts. be stirred anew with
a passionate longing to lift stricken and
suffering mankind out of its miseries
and -struggles into the glorious liberty
of the children of God.
Make us eager to join heart and hands
with all who are praying and laboring
for the dawning of that blessed time
when the citizens of our own beloved
country and the members of the hu-
man family everywhere shall walk to-
gether on the highways of peace and
brotherhood.
In Christ's name we pray. Amen.
FRIDAY, MAY 31, .1963
ist trade in the production of dollars for
that great country.. An additional and
more significant result of the vote on
Wednesday would mean the entrance in-
to this country of hundreds of thousands
of bracero workers who will swim the
river to work on American farms at
wages many times the wage that they are
receiving in their homeland.
The Mexican labor law brings these
workers into this country under. a care-
fully screened and highly regulated pro-
cedure by which they are contracted to
employers for specified lengths of time
to do a particular type of work that our
own people are disinclined to perform.
This House is a reasonable body and
will, upon reflection, extend this law at
least 1 year as recommended by the
Department of Labor, the Department
of State, and the Immigration and
Naturalization Service.
We have but to recall the recent freeze
in Florida and its effect upon the price of
citrus to the consuming public. Scarci-
ties can come not only from natural
disasters as in the case of the Florida
freeze, but can result from an inade-
are so well treated while here that they
long for the time to again enter America
and obtain the benefits derived from as-
sisting in the harvest of various crops
over a wide area.
The bracero worker had been used ex-
tensively in former years in the harvest
of cotton. This crop is now fast becom-
ing highly mechanized, requiring fewer
and fewer supplemental workers from
Mexico in the three States of Arkansas,
New Mexico, and Texas where these
workers were used to a great degree in
cotton chopping and the cotton harvest;
the riumber had declined from 151,720
in 1961 to 40,636 in 1962, or a drop in 1
year's time of 73 percent. This situation
does not exist when it comes to harvest-
ing tomatoes, beans, cherries, straw-
berries, lettuce, cucumbers, sugarbeets,
and all types of citrus crops. This labor
has to be available when needed or else
the crop deteriorates rapidly and be-
comes a total loss.
The American people do not prefer
"stoop labor" and would much prefer to
work in industry or at some less "back
THE JOURNAL
The Journal of the proceedings of
Wednesday, May 29, 1963, was read and
approved.
INTERNATIONAL LABOR ORGANIZA-
TION CONFERENCE
The SPEAKER. Pursuant to the pro-
visions of House Resolution 368, 88th
Congress, the Chair appoints as dele-
gates to attend the International Labor
Organization Conference in Geneva,
Switzerland, between June 1, 1963, and
June 30, 1963, the following members of
the Committee on Education and Labor:
Mr. POWELL, of New York; Mr. AYRES, of
Ohio. And as alternates to attend said
Conference, the following members of
the Committee on Education and Labor:
Mr. ROOSEVELT, of California; Mr. FRE-
LINGHUYSEN, of New Jersey.
MEXICAN LABOR BILL
(Mr. GATHINGS asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute, and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. GATHINGS. Mr. Speaker, the
rejection on Wednesday of the antiwet-
back Mexican labor bill will mean in-
creased costs to the consuming public
for vegetables and fruits starting Janu-
ary 1, 1964. Also, the failure of the
House to extend this law may not be un-
derstood by our neighbor and friend, the
Commonwealth of Mexico, as this pro-
gram is in second place, next to the tour-
9334
quate supply of labor at the time re- . standable. So many of our. people are
quired b
th
ti
l
y
e par
cu
ar harvest. Should
these food crops be permitted to de-
teriorate and rot without being harvested
and placed into the channels of trade,
the housewives will immediately feel the
impact of added food costs.
Let us look at limes. Limes are at this
particular time in short supply. The
price has doubled in recent weeks as a
result. During the longshoremen's
strike, we recall the situation that re-
sulted when no bananas were made
available at America's food outlets. As
the supply dwindled, the price shot up-
ward. As the strike continued, none
came into this country. If 10 carloads
of lettuce is the usual amount required
for use in a particular city, and there
were to be a 30 percent decline in supply,
the price of lettuce would be some 30
percent higher during that period of
time.
The Mexican worker is recruited from
far into the interior of Mexico at Mon-
terrey, Guamas, and Chihuahua City.'
Should there be no orderly and system-
atic law an the statute books, the workers
would pour across the border only from
the border areas and would not be of the
broad general benefit to the economy of
the Republic of Mexico as is Public Law
78 at this time. These workers would
work only in areas near Mexico. The
crops would suffer in many other States
and in border States a few miles away
from the point of entry. .Dollars pour
into the affected provinces from which
these men come, bolstering the general
economy in the area. They take back to
Mexico a good word for America as they
the recipients of welfare checks and
commodities. As a result of these pro-
grams, it is difficult to obtain the work-
ers that are required during the cultiva-
tion and harvest seasons i griculture.
W
(Mr. DORN askkl and was given per-
mission to address UX-House, for 1 min-
ute and to revise and extend his
remarks.)
Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, the Com-
munists could have selected any one of
several Latin American countries to be
their first conquest in the Western Hem-
isphere. Why Cuba?
Many years before Castro, the Com-
munists thoroughly studied every inch
of ground in North and South America.
They carefully scrutinized the Atlantic,
the Pacific, and the Gulf of Mexico.
They studied centers of population,
rivers, railroad marshaling yards and
sealanes. They studied areas of polit-
ical and economic unrest.. They noted
carefully the religions, superstitions,
prejudices, customs, and the language
spoken. They studied the airwaves.
The Communists came to the only con-
clusion obvious to modern Eurasian con-
querors planning the destruction of the
United States.
Cuba is the most important strategic
spot in the entire Western Hemisphere
from a military, economic, political, and
social standpoint. Cuba in the hands of
a powerful enemy could cut North
America and South America literally and
physically in half. Likewise, it could
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United States
of America
Vol. 109
P
E:0H9rCi,^jJ610Ha1 Record
PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF TIIE 8813 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION
WASHINGTON, FRIDAY, MAY 31, 1963 No. 81
Senate
The Senate met at 12 o'clock meridian,
and was called to order by the President
pro tempore.
The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Under
the order of Tuesday last, the Chair de-
clares the Senate adjourned until noon
Tuesday next.
ADJOURNMENT TO TUESDAY
Thereupon, at 12 o'clock and 8 sec-
onds the Senate adjourned, under the
order previously entered, until Tuesday,
June 4, 1883, at 12 o'clock meridian.
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May 31, 1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
divide the Atlantic Ocean, north and
south. Cuba could control the Panama
Canal, and not only divide North America
from South America, north and south,
but would divide the United States and
South America east and west, and thus
dominate a large part of the Pacific
as well as the Atlantic.
In Communist plans for world con-
quest, a Red Cuba is as important as a
Red China or even Russia itself. Cuba
is necessary to the Communists as a base
to train agents, subversives and guerril-
las who can go in any and all directions.
Printed propaganda is being poured from
Cuba into all of the Western Hemisphere.
Soon to follow will be more -powerful
radio and television stations aimed at
exploitation of the masses in North
America and South America. Jamming
of our own television and radio frequen-
cies can be expected. Of course these
activities will be supported and backed
up by powerful military installations
aimed at the heart of our industrial and
nuclear potential. Every major move in
Cuba by the Communists is being
screened and covered with agitation and
riots in the United States. The United
States is on the defense. Khrushchev
won his greatest victory last fall when we
guaranteed for him a Cuban sanctuary
from which the Communists will assem-
ble the instrumentalities for our own de-
struction-political and military. Khru-
shchev and Castro are celebrating that
victory over the United States in Russia
today. Never before has a Communist
quizzling been given such royal and pro-
longed attention in Russia. They are
planning further conquests.
Stark, open, Red communism in Cuba
is the No. 1 issue before this Nation to-
day. Each passing moment gives the
Communists precious time in Cuba.
Every minute strengthens their position.
We have missed God-given opportuni-
ties to rid the Western Hemisphere of
this ruthless menace. Time is running
out. We should declare a national emer-
gency, go on a wartime economy, and
adopt whatever measures necessary to
eliminate now and for all time this Com-
munist cancer which is gnawing at the
vitals of our civilization.
UNITED NATIONS PARTICIPATION
ACT
(Mr. FASCELL asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his
remarks and include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, the
Subcommittee on International Organi-
zations and Movements of the Commit-
tee on Foreign Affairs has under con-
sideration H.R. 6283, a bill to amend the
United Nations Participation Act, as
amended.
The bill is an administration request
and proposal which was introduced by
me so that the administration could be
heard on this subject. Thp proposal
was transmitted to you, Mr. Speaker, by
letter from the Secretary of State, the
Honorable Dean Rusk, on February 12,
1963. The full text of that letter of
transmittal, explaining the purposes of
the legislation, is as follows:
THE SECRETARY OF STATE,
Washington, February 12, 1963.
HOn. JOHN W. MCCORMACK,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I submit herewith a
proposed draft amendment to the United
Nations Participation Act of 1945, as amended
by Public Law 341, 81st Congress, October 10,
1949, to.grant the President wider discretion
in the assignment of top level personnel of
the U.S. mission to-the United Nations, in-
cluding their rank and status as Ambassadors
or Ministers, and to give the U.S. representa-
tive discretion to assign these top representa-
tives to the various. organs of the United
Nations in accordance with workload and
other considerations; to authorize the Presi-
dent to appoint a U.S. representative to the
European Office of the United Nations and
other international organizations; and to
authorize payment of a housing allowance
to certain officers assigned to the U.S. mission
to the United Nations.
The United Nations Participation Act now
authorizes a representative and a deputy rep-
resentative of the United States at the United
Nations, both of whom shall have the rank
and status of Envoy Extraordinary and
Ambassador Plenipotentiary. In addition,
another deputy representative to the Security
Council is authorized and the President also
may appoint, from time to time, such other
persons as he may deem necessary to repre-
sent the United States in the agencies of the
United Nations including the Economic and
Social Council and the Trusteeship Council.
Ambassador Stevenson has found this to be
unnecessarily rigid and it is proposed that
the provisions specifying the number and the
role of the deputies and their diplomatic
titles be deleted. In lieu thereof, the pro-
posed amendment would authorize the Presi-
dent to appoint such additional persons with
appropriate title, rank, and status as he
deems necessary to represent the United
States in the principal organs of the United
Nations. In addition, these officers would, at
the direction of the U.S. representative to
the United Nations, represent the United
States in any organ, commission, or other
body of the United Nations including the
Security Council, the Economic and Speial
Council, and the Trusteeship Council and
perform such other functions as the U.S.
representative is authorized to perform.
These changes wil permit the U.S. repre-
sentative to organize his staff and assign
their duties as he deems necessary to accom-
plish his mission effectively. In the case of
the two deputy representatives, Ambassador
Stevenson has in mind that they should be
alter egos of the U.S. representative and
available to represent the United States in
any way in which he himself is able to do so.
Although the proposed amendment gives the
U.S. representative greater flexibility in de-
termining assignments, it remains appropri-
ate for an individual who was to be ap-
pointed, for example, to spend most of his
time on the Economic and Social Council,
to . be appointed as representative to that
Council, and that the Senate in advising and
consenting on his appointment would con-
sider primarily his ability and qualifications
to fulfill those duties. This, however, would
be on the understanding that if the U.S.
representative to the United Nations found
it desirable to utilize him temporarily as
representative to one of the other organs, he
would be in a position to do so.
The amendment also provides that persons
who would represent the United States in
the principal organs of the United Nations,
including bodies that may be created by the
United Nations with respect to nuclear en-
ergy or disarmament would be appointed
subject to the advice and consent of the
Senate.. Persons appointed to represent the
United States in other organs, commissions,
and bodies of the United Nations would not
require the advice and consent of the Senate.
It is"not intended that enactment of this
amendment would necessitate the reappoint-
ment of any person holding office at the time
of its enactment.
The United States maintains a mission to
the European Office of the United Nations
and other International Organizations at
Geneva. Geneva has become increasingly
important as the site of many international
conferences and organizations and the re-
sponsibilities of our mission there have in-
creased commensurately. Therefore, itIs
proposed in this amendment that the Presi-
dent by and with the advice and consent of
the Senate, shall be authorized to appoint a
representative of the United States to the
European Office of the United Nations with
appropriate rank and status who shall serve
at the pleasure of the President and subject
to the direction of the Secretary of State. In
addition to representing the United States
at the European Office of the United Nations,
such person shall perform such other func-
tions in connection with the participation
of the United States in international organi-
zations as the Secretary of State may direct.
The proposed amendment to provide a
housing allowance for officers of the U.S.
mission in New York to remove the anomaly
resulting from the location in the United
States of the United Nations. The functions
performed by the U.S. mission are essentially
diplomatic in nature and the representation-
al duties performed by the officers are identi-
cal to those performed by officers in similar
positions in our Foreign Service missions
abroad.. However, the quarters allowances
authorized by law to our representatives to
foreign countries and to international or-
ganizations whose headquarters are located
outside the United States, are not paid to
members of the U.S. mission to the United
Nations.
The UniteZ States, as the host nation, can
expect and must respond to the many op-
portunities for the effective social inter-
course of representational activities. Foreign
delegations look upon the U.S. mission to
the United Nations as bearing a special re-
sponsibility in this area and they expect to
be invited to the,homes of the members of
the mission. Officers assigned to the U.S.
mission are expected to maintain private liv-
ing quarters in the vicinity of the United Na-
tions in order to discharge their representa-
tional responsibilities more effectively for the
convenience, and in the interest of the Gov-
ernment. These representational duties are
for the most part discharged outside office
hours, this being an obligation not imposed
on other Federal Government officers sta-
tioned in New York.
The expansion of the United Nations to
the present total of 110 countries has greatly
increased our responsibilities as host govern-
ment. The problem of making known our
Government's policies and determining the
policies of the other governments has be-
come of paramount importance. One of the
most effective means of doing this is at small
social gatherings; but in the past our con-
tacts with other delegates have tended to
be largely limited to public meetings, to cor-
ridor encounters and hasty restaurant lunch-
eons. It is my firm belief that the personal
type of representation, which is least expen-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE May 31
sive in the long run, brings about a greater
understanding between our officers and their
colleagues. It allows for creation of a family
interest and an exchange of divergent views
in the relaxed surroundings of a private
American home, which make a pleasant and
sympathetic atmosphere for diplomacy.
Such entertainment creates good will and
does not leave the impression that we are
only concerned with immediate and pressing
problems in the United Nations. Unfortu-
nately, most of our officers assigned to the
mission in New York have not generally been
able to carry out their duties in such atmos-
phere. The reason is that they would be sub-
jected to considerable personal expense In
maintaining quarters adequate forsuch rep-
resentational purposes.
A major portion of the representational
functions in the past have been held in
public places, with the exception of those
held in Ambassador Stevenson's apartment at
the Waldorf. His quarters are. as you know,
rented by the Government. Although he is
able to bring together the mission's officers
and delegates of the foreign missions at
representational functions at his suite, it
is not the same as these officers entertaining
their counterparts In their own homes. A
very limited number of our officers? using
their personal funds. have been financially
able to consider this problem of representa-
tion in renting adequate apartments In Man-
hattan. On the other hand, most of our
officers have not been able to assume this
added expense and either rent small apart-
ments In Manhattan of Inadequate size for
representation activities, or have found it
necessary to live In the suburbs where such
activities are very difficult. For this reason,
some of the effectiveness of these officers
Is lost to the mission. They themselves are
placed at a disadvantage with respect to
their opposite numbers in other delegations
who are receiving rental allowances and other
additional compensations usually enjoyed by
diplomats serving abroad.
There Is need for a new allowance to de-
fray the added costs which certain officers
of the U.S. mission are forced to incur if
they are to obtain and maintain housing
that Is adequate for the proper discharge
of their representational duties. The
amount of this allowance would represent
the difference between cost of adequate rep-
resentational housing and the cost of hous-
ing which an officer concerned would have if
he had no representational responsibilities.
We Intend to limit eligibility to thoseofficers
having more than usual representational re-
sponsibilities and the total cost for their
housing allowances would be approximately
660,000 per annum.
The submission of this proposed legisla-
tion has been approved by the Bureau of
Budget as being consistent with the admin-
istration's objectives.
Sincerely yours,
DEAN RUSK.
In the study of this legislation, Mr.
Speaker, I believe it would be extremely
helpful to my colleagues to have a com-
parative analysis of the existing legisla-
tion and the proposed legislation. Ac-
cordingly, I submit herewith the full
text of such a comparative analysis:
UNITED NATIONS
PROPOSED LEGISLATION
PARTICIPATION ACT, AS AMENDED
EXISTING LEGISLATION
To amend the "United Nations Participa-
tion Act," as amended, 63 Stat. 734-736.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House
of Representatives of the United States of
America in Congress assembled, That sub-
sections (a), (b) and (d) of section 2 of
the United Nations Participation Act of
1945, as amended by Public Law 341, 81st
Congress, October 10, 1949, are hereby fur-
ther amended to read as follows:
SEc. 2. (a) The President, by and with the
advice and consent of -the Senate, shall ap-
point a Representative of the United States
to the United Nations who Shall have the
rank and status of Ambassador Extraordi-
nary and Plenipotentiary and shall hold
office at the pleasure of the President. Such
Representative shall represent the United
States in the Security Council of the United
Nations and may serve ex officio as repre-
sentative of the United States In any organ,
commission, or other body of the United Na-
tions other than specialized agencies of the
United Nations, and shall perform such
other functions in connection with the par-
ticipation of the United States in the United
Nations as the President may, from time to
time, direct.
(b) The President, by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate, shall appoint such
additional persons with appropriate titles.
rank and status tb represent the United
States In the principal organs of the United
Nations and In such organs, commissions, or
other bodies as may be created by the United
Nations with respect to nuclear energy or
disarmament (control and limitation of arm-
ament). Such persons shall serve at the
pleasure of the President and subject to the
direction of the Representative of the United
States to the United Nations. They shall.
at the direction of the Representative of the
United States to the United Nations, repre-
sent the United States In any organ, com-
mission, or other body of the United-Nations,
Including the Security Council. the Econom-
ic and Social Council, and the Trusteeship
Council, and perform such other functions
as the Representative of the United States
is authorized to perform in connection with
the participation of the United States In the
United Nations. Any Deputy Representative
or any other officer holding office at the time
the provisions of this Act, as amended, be-
come effective shall not be required to be
reappointed by reason of the enactment of
this Act, as amended.
(c) No change.
Public Law 264, 79th Congress, December
20. 1945, as amended by Public Law 341, 81st
Congress, October 10, 1949.
To provide for the appointment of repre-
sentatives of the United States in the organs
and agencies of the United Nations and to
make other provisions with respect to the
participation of the United States in such
organization.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House
of Representatives of the United States of
America In Congress assembled, That this
Act may be cited as the "United Nations
Participation Act of 1945".
SEC. 2. (a) The President, by and with the
advice and consent of the Senate, shall ap-
point a representative and a deputy repre-
sentative of the United States to the United
Nations, both of whom shall have the rank
and status of envoy extraordinary and
ambassador plenipotentiary and shall hold
office at the pleasure of the President. Such
representative and deputy representative
shall represent the United States in the Se-
curity Council of the United Nations and
may serve ex officio as United States rep-
resentative on any organ, commission, or
other body of the United Nations other than
specialized agencies of the United Nations,
and shall perform such other functions in
connection with the participation of the
United States in the United Nations as the
President may from time to time direct.
(b) The President, by and `with the advice
and consent of the Senate, shall appoint an
additional deputy representative of the Unit-
ed States to the Security Council who shall
hold office at the pleasure of the Persident.
Such deputy representative shall represent
the United States in the Security Council of
the United Nations In the event of the ab-
sence or disability of both the representative
and the deputy representative of the United
States to the United Nations.
(c) The President, by and with the advice
and consent of the Senate. shall designate
from time to time to attend a specified ses-
sion or specified sessions of the General As-
sembly of the United Nations not to exceed
five representatives of the United States and
such number of alternates as he may deter-
mine consistent with the rules of procedure
of the General Assembly. One of the repre-
sentatives shall be designated as the senior
representative.
Approved For Release 2004/06/23 : CIA-RDP65B00383R000200240035-8