THE SOURCES OF A SO CALLED CUBAN EXPERT, OR WHAT DO WE MEAN BY CONFIRMATION?

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000200240010-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 18, 2004
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: August 1, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

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1963 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD . HOUSE
LEGISLATIVE PROGRAM FOR WEEK
OF AUGUST 5
(Mr. ARENDS asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute.)
Mr. ARENDS. Mr. Speaker, I take
this time to ask the majority leader if
he will please inform the House of the
program for next week.
Mr. ALBEEtT. Mr. Speaker, will the
gentleman yield?
Mr. ARENDS. I yield to the gentle-
man. _
Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, we have
concluded the legislative business for
this week. The program for next week
is as follows: Monday, Consent Calendar.
There are seven bills under suspension
of the rules;
S. 874, to design, construct, and equip
buildings required for the Bureau of the
Mint.
S. 1652, amending the National Cul-
tural Center Act.
H.R. 82, to amend the Merchant Ma-
rine Act, 1936, in order to provide for the
reimbursement of certain vessel con-
struction expenses.
Ij.R. 1157, to exclude cargo which is
lumber from certain tariff filing require-
ments under the Shipping Act, 1916.
S. 1194, to remove the percentage lim-
itations on retirement of enlisted men of
the Coast Guard.
H.R. 5623, to amend the provisions. of
title 14, United States Code, relating to
the appointment, promotion, separation,
and retirement of officers of the Coast
Guard.
H.R. 6997, to provide for a compre-
hensive, long-range, and coordinated
national program in oceanography.
On Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thurs-
day we have the Private Calendar and
H.R. 4955, the Vocational Educational
Act of 1963, on which there is an open
rule with 3 hours of debate.
Next we have H.R. 7824, to continue
for the period ending November 30, 1963,
the existing temporary increase in the
public debt limit set forth in section 21
of the Second Liberty Bond Act.
This announcement, of course, is made
subject to the general reservation that
conference reports may be brought up
at any time and any further program
may be announced later.
ADJOURNMENT TO MONDAY,
AUGUST 5
Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that when the House
adjourns today it adjourn to meet on
Monday next.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Okla-
homa?
There was no objection.
DISPENSING WITH CALENDAR
. WEDNESDAY BUSINESS
Mr. ALBERT. Mr. Speaker, I ask
unanimous consent that the business in
order on Calendar Wednesday next week
may be dispensed with.
The SPEAKER. Is there objection to
the request of the gentleman from Okla-
homa?
There was no obActi
THE SOURCES-75F A SO-CALLED
CUBAN EXPERT, OR WHAT DO
WE MEAN BY CONFIRMATION?
(Mr. STRATTON asked and was given
permission to address the House for 1
minute and to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. STRATTON. Mr. Speaker, on
July 16, 1963, in the CONGRESSIONAL REC-
ORD for that date on page 12029, I had
occasion to bring to the attention of the
House a published report to the effect
that a certain well-known self-styled ex-
pert on Cuba in another body actually
did not have the special, inside mysteri-
ous intelligence information he has tried
to suggest he had, but instead had gotten
his information from newspaper stories
which had already been in print before
he spoke to newspapers not regularly
read in Washington.
This report was made in a syndicated
column which appeared in the New York
Herald Tribune of July 12, 1963, by Row-
land Evans and Robert Novak. I chal-
lenged that Cuban expert in the other
body either to institute suit for libel
against these two reporters or else apol-
ogize to the American people and to the
Congress of the United States.
. To date that Cuban expert has not
sued, he has not apologized, but he also
has been careful not specifically and
unequivocally to deny the published re-
port.
Mr. Speaker, since reading that report
I have done some research of my own
on the speeches of that. expert, and I
have compared them with certain news-
paper reports. I think Members may be
interested in the result of this research.
Of course there has been a lot of
interest in the sources of this expert's
information.
From the outset the sources of the in-
formation out of which his charges arose
have been surrounded with much se-
crecy. On "Meet the Press" on May 12,
1963, the Senator said:
All of the information that I have received
and have ever used * * * has come from
either one of two sources: (1) Government
sources, or (2) other sources later confirmed
by official Government sources, and most of
it was directly from official Government
sources.
Again on June 25, 1963, an editorial in
the Binghamton Sun-Bulletin based on
an interview with the junior Senator
from New York contained the following:
We asked where he had gotten the in-
formation last year. It came, he said, mostly
from middle and lower level officials within
the Government who were somehow unable
to get their intelligence reports across to the
high-level decisionsmakers in the adminis-
tration. A small amount of information-
perhaps 5 percent-came from Cuban exiles,
and the rest from American officials
On the "Today" television show on
September 4, 1962, Senator KEATING
said:
I certainly am not going to compromise
my sources.
And again on "Meet the Press" on May
12, 1963, the Senator said:
I would not reveal the names of the dedi-
cated and patriotic people in government
who have given me this information. I
think that would be a disservice to them and
would result in injury to fine, patriotic
Americans. -
Now on July 12, 1963, in a syndicated
column which appeared in the New York
Herald Tribune written by Rowland
Evans and Robert Novak, the following
statement was made about the junior
Senator from New York:
To this very day, the White House is dying
to know the identify Of KEATING'S Govern-
ment leak.
The answer is hilariously simple: He had
no Government informants. At least no di-
rect Government informants.
KEATING's chief source was a friendly news-
paper correspondent who gave his remark-
ably reliable tips . to KEATING after-not be-
fore--the information appeared in his own
newspaper back home.
On July 16, 1963, I challenged the Sen-
ator either to sue these two columnists
for libel. or else to apologize to the Con-
gress and the American people for this
massive scissors and pastepot hoax over
Cuba. The Senator has not apologized,
but neither has he sued, and neither has
he specifically denied the Evans and
Novak Charges.
A careful comparison between several
key Keating speeches and some newspa-
per stories already in print before the
Senator spoke will be enlightening.
Take, for example, the speech which
Senator KEATING made in the Senate on
Cuba on August 31, 1962. It appears in
the RECORD for that date an page 17277.
This speech bears a number of very re-
markable similarities to an article by Nat
Finney which appeared on the front
page of the Buffalo Evening News of 2
days earlier, August 29. For example,
compare the following direct quotations:
1. Finney: "It was not until reports had
accumulated about a landing August 2 and
3 at the former Marania docks at Mariel and
could be checked and double checked that
American intelligence had to accept as fact
that Soviet troops were arriving in Cuba in
force and that a new pattern had devel-
oped. * * * From . 10 to 12 Soviet ships
unloaded."
KEATING. "I am reliably informed-when
I say 'reliably informed,' I mean that has
been checked out from five different sources,
and I am certain I can state it as a fact-
that between the dates of August 4 and
August 15, 10 to 12 Soviet vessels anchored
at the Marante dock area at Marcel.
2. Finney. "A high cinderblock wall had
been built around the dock area in Mariel
and the unloadings were handled under
heavy security guard."
KEATING. "The dock area previously had
been surrounded by the construction of a
high cinderblock wall."
3. Finney. "From 10 to 12 Soviet ships un-
loaded. They ranged from 6,000 to 10,000
tons burden. A contingent of 1,200 Soviet
troops wearing fatigue uniforms disembarked
from these ships and helped unload them
under strict military discipline."
KEATING. "The Soviet ships unloaded 1,200
troops. Troops is what I mean, not tech-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE August 1
nicians. They were wearing Soviet fatigue
uniforms."
4. Finney. "Soviet torpedo boats, suitable
for the support of Central American instlr-
rectos, were unloaded August 2 and 3 at
Martel, Cuba, and are now moored at La-
Base, near Martel."
KEATING. "On August 13, Ave Soviet tor-
pedo boats unloaded from Soviet ships, and
are now moored at LaBase."
5. Finney. "A large Soviet convoy-reliably
observed August 3 on the Carretera Central,
between LaEsperanze and Jicotea, west of
Santa Clara-contained a number of amphi-
bious vehicles in addition to other military
supplies. * * ? This convoy was manned by
Soviet military personnel and unmistakably
military order."
KEATING. "On August 3, a large convoy of
military vehicles manned by Soviet person-
nel was observed on the highway In Las Vil-
las Province. The convoy moved in military
order and contained the first amphibious
vehicles observed in Cuba; also jeeps, 6 by 8
trucks, and tracked trucks."
(NoTE.-LaEsperanze, Jicotea, and Santa
Clara are in Las Villas Province.)
The Senator was proud of his special
contribution here. He said this:
If the President has no evidence, I'm giv-
ing him the evidence this afternoon.
Four days after that speech which was,
of course, a publicity sensation, the
junior Senator appeared on the "Today"
television show on September 4, 1962.
See how closely his remarks there paral-
leled a front page story that had ap-
peared in the New York Herald Tribune
of just the day before, September 3.1 2,
by Keith Morffett, of the London Daily
Mail. Incidentally, these statements
were made by the Senator as "new in-
formation which will document his con-
tention" :
6. Tribune: "I watched the Russians in
two separate encampments."
KEATING: "Many of them are located In two
camps, just outside of Havana."
7. Tribune: "Many of the Russians at this
encampment were billeted in what was the
former boys reformatory at Torrens, about
14 miles from Havana."
KEATING: "One group Is billeted in a former
boys' reformatory, 14 miles from Havana."
8. Tribune: "10 more Soviet vessels are at
this moment Havana-bound on the high
seas."
KEATING: There are 10 ships now on their
way to Cuba, now on the-high seas."
9. Tribune: "From Soviet ports also now
Havana-bound are the East German West-
falen, the Norwegian Tive Lillian, the Greek
cargo ship Parnow, the Italian Airone, the
West German Atlas, and half a dozen ships
flying the Liberian flag."
KEATING: "One East German, one Norwegi-
an, one Italian, one Greek, one West German,
and four to six ships carrying the Liberian
flag.,'
10. Tribune: "A number of British vessels
are on the way to Russian ports to begin the
long haul to the Caribbean."
KEATING: "There are several British ships
on their way from English ports to the Black
Sea."
11. Tribune: "A continuous 'armada' of
cargo ships Is now stretched out between
Russia's Black Sea ports and Cuba, carrying
trucks, jeeps, machinery, food, guns, and
ground-to-air missiles."
KEATING: "These ships that are now on the
high seas, like the ones which have been
landed there, carry trucks, jeeps, some food,
guns, ground-to-air missiles, electronic
equipment, and other material."
12. Tribune: "The contrast between the El
Cano crowd and the next lot I looked at was
to great that it became clear Cuba's Russians
fall into two distinct categories. The El
Cano Russians were recruited into 'labor
battalions' rather like the British Army's
Pioneer Corps."
KaATnwo: "These camps that are located
that house these personnel near Havana are
divided Into-there are either two or three-
one of them Is a labor battalian. Now those
are the types that we use In our Army."
13. Tribune: "Hundreds more military
trucks, jeeps, and command vehicles were
lined up five deep for quarter of a mile along
the street called San Pedro on the Havana
waterfront. These vehicles are all marked in
Russian 'Goriskovsky Avtozavod' and are be-
ing moved quickly to all parts of the Island."
KEATING: "Why they're a quarter of a mile
along San Pedro Street in Havana. There are
Russian military vehicles, with Russian
markings on them, parked Ave deep, for a
quarter of a mile, and those are taken all
over the island, as needed."
Senator KEATING made another speech
on this same subject on October 10-
RECORD, page 21728. Oddly enough, the
verbal parallels with another published
newspaper story are remarkable. This
time It was a story by Hat Hendrix which
appeared on the front page of the Miami
News 3 days earlier, on October 7, 1962.
It was this speech, you will recall, which
really established the Senator's reputa-
tion as a great intelligence expert. But
notice the parallels with a story already
in print in a newspaper not generally
read in Washington:
14. Hendrix: "Construction has begun in
Communist Cuba on at least a half dozen
launching sites for Intermediate range tac-
tical missiles. U.S. intelligence authorities
have advised the White House." -
KEATING: "Mr. President, yesterday I spoke
on the subject of Cuba. At that time I did
not have fully confirmed the matter to which
I shall address myself now. I now have It
fully confirmed. * * * Construction has be-
gun on at least a half dozen launching sites
for Intermediate range tactical missiles."
15. Hendrix: "Although official U.S. spokes-
men have declined to disclose the intelli-
gence reports, the Miami News has learned
that experts have advised President Ken-
nedy that the ground-to-ground missiles can
be operational from Inland Cuba within 6
months."
KEATING: "Intelligence authorities must
have advised the President and top Govern-
ment officials of this fact, and they must now
have been told that ground-to-ground mis-
siles can be operational from the island of
Cuba within 6 months."
16. Hendrix: "From the type of construc-
tion underway it has been determined that
the launching pads will have the capability
of hurling rockets that could penetrate deep-
ly Into the United States in one direction
and reach the Panama Canal Zone in the
opposite direction."
KEATn.lG: "The fact of the matter is, ac-
cording to my reliable sources, that six
launching sites are under construction-
pads which will have the power to hurl rock-
ets into the American heartland and as far
as the Panama Canal Zone."
Of course, after that the U-2 plane
came back with its picture on October 14,
and the Cuban crisis was on. But the
junior Senator from New York had tast-
ed the heady wine of mysterious proph-
ecy. He made another speech In the
Senate on January 31, 19113-RECORD,
page 1388-and his information, referred
to as "continuing, absolutely confirmed
and undeniable evidence" almost rocked
the Nation. But, unknown in Washing-
ton, Nat Finney had written another
page 1 story In the Buffalo Evening News
2 days earlier, on January 29. How re-
markably similar to Mr. Finney's lan-
guage is the Senator's:
17. Finney: "The second Soviet ship ar-
rival, last Friday."
KEATING: "On Friday, January 25, a second
large vessel arrived."
18. Finney: "Two large Soviet ships have
docked in the Island during the past 10 days
and are unloading military cargo. * * *
High security dockage facilities in Cuba are
being used by the ship [the second ship]."
KEATING: "Under maximum security con-
ditions, it [the second ship] uploaded a
cargo of armaments."
19. Finney: "This route is not specified by
intelligence sources. but it is described as a
'high-security route' that can be followed
with the least exposure of secret cargo to
free world espionage."
KEATING., "The route followed by these two
ships is generally termed a 'maximum se-
curity route,' a passage traveled by the So-
viets through areas where the United States
Is least able to maintain adequate surveil-
lance of ships' contents."
30. Finney: "The route followed by this
ship in reaching Cuba is the same that was
used by Soviet ships that carried the first
medium-range ballistic missiles brought to
the island during the final weeks of Septem-
ber 1862."
KEATINGs "It [the route] is also, ominously
enough, the identical route followed last
summer by the first of the Soviet vessels car-
rying medium-range, ground-to-ground mis-
alles Into Cuba."
21. Pinney: "The event of this ship's ar-
rival has been made more ominous by the
fact that Soviet forces on the island have
been observed doing routine maintenance
work on the MRBM sites from which the So-
viets removed their missiles while close U.S.
aerial surveillance of the island continued."
KEATING: "There Is continuing, absolutely
confirmed and undeniable evidence that the
Soviets are maintaining and guarding the
medium-range sites they had previously con-
structed In Cuba. There has been no Soviet
move to dismantle these concrete sites or
withdraw the launching bases."
And so it rather looks as though Nat
Finney of the Buffalo Everting News is
the "friendly newsman, who works for
an Eastern newspaper not generally read
in Washington" to whom Messrs. Evans
and Novak referred. In fact a column
-by Kenneth Crawford in the February 18,
1963 issue of Newsweek, almost 5 months
before the Evans and Novak column ap-
peared, says this:
Just where KEATING got his information is
still his secret. However, it is a fact that
a series of dispatches by Nat Finney, Wash-
ington correspondent for the Buffalo Even-
Ing News, closely paralleled and anticipated
KEATING's early pronouncements, which is
suggestive of his source.
In any event, the Keating speeches
certainly bore an amazing similarity to
the page one news stories already in print
before he spoke. Such deadly parallels
In so many instances would be virtually
impossible for any fairminded observer
to dismiss as mere coincidence. Indeed
they do amount to solid proof of the
earlier Evans and Novak charges.
Finally, we have the claim by the Sen-
ator that, whatever his sources might
have been, all his Information had been
confirmed by official Government sources.
This claim to official Government con-
firmation for his newspaper cribbing is
of course absurd. The plain fact is that
all of the Senator's major alleged inside
private intelligence about Cuba has now
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 1963
Approved
been refuted by all the solid evidence
available, including the unanimous
report of the Senate Preparedness Sub-
Committee, which the junior Senator
from New York has tried to suggest
really supports his charges.
The Senator really made three sensa-
tional charges. The first, on October 10,
was that the Russians had long-range
missiles in Cuba.
However, the Senate Preparedness Sub-
committee report on Cuban intelligence,
unanimously approved on May 9, 1963,
says flatly on page 7:
None of these reports [of long-range mis-
siles in Cuba] were confirmed prior to Oc-
tober 14, 1962.
So the Senator obviously cannot have
had the substance of his October 10
speech confirmed by the Government.
The second sensational charge was the
one made on January 31, 1963, and de-
scribed as "absolutely confirmed and un-
deniable evidence," to the effect that the
concrete Cuban long-range missile sites
had not been dismantled and were still
being maintained. This charge was com-
pletely refuted on nationwide television
by Secretary McNamara- on February 6,
1963, and was not even considered
worthy of examination by the Senate
subcommittee. Obviously, it, too, was
never confirmed by official Government
sources, and once again the Senator is
wrong.
Third is the charge made on April 18,
1963, before the American Society of
Newspaper Editors:
Several thousand more [Russians] have
arrived [in Cuba] * * * there is no reliable
evidence whatsoever of a decline in Soviet
military strength or capability since those
first withdrawals in November.
However, once again, the unanimous
Senate subcommittee report, states on
page 3: ?
A net of 4,000 to 5,000 additional have
been withdrawn since the first of the year,
our intelligence people say.
They make no reference to any sub-
stantial Russian troops going back into
Cuba, certainly not by the "thousands."
So once again, the Senator obviously
could'not have had his Information con=
firmed- by official Government sources
when, as the Senate report shows, it is
so wrong.
Mr. Speaker, I believe the people of
America are entitled either to an apology
or to an explanation. How long must
we wait?
THE IMMIGRATION LAWS
(Mr. ROOSEVELT. asked and was
given permission to extend his remarks
at this point in the RECORD and to revise
and extend his remarks.)
Mr. ROOSEVELT. Mr. Speaker, the
President of the United States has ur-
gently called upon the Congress to im-
plement long overdue and sorely needed
changes in our immigration laws.
Five years ago the then Senator Ken-
nedy wrote a pamphlet entitled "A Na-'
tion of Immigrants," pointing out at that
time that the post-World War I immi-
gration law was discriminatory because
of its national origins quota system,
whose only test was whether or not an
immigrant was born in the right place. a position to allow persons from the
Now as President he has offered legisla- countries I have mentioned as well as
tion, whose most Important proposal is others, to make use of the unused quota
the gradual elimination of the "national allotments by such _ countries, for ex-
origins" -system for selecting immigrants. ample, as Britain and Ireland, who for
It seems almost inconceivable to me- years have not filled their immigration
that our present annual quotas are based quotas. - -
not upon the national origins of our To me, this is the very least we can
population of 1950 or even 1960, which I do to fulfill our promise of long ago and
might add, is an odious concept at any to justify to ourselves and to the rest of
time for determining who should come the world the eloquent message of wel-
to the United States, but ion the na- come and hope, written on the base of
tional origins of our population in 1920. the Statue of Liberty, which greets so
Because of the composition of the pop- many of those who come to America for
ulation at that time, favor was given to the first time.
immigrants from northern Europe while In offering others an opportunity to _
limiting immigration from southern and live in America we are also offering
eastern Europe and from other parts of many of our own American citizens the
the world. Forty-three years later we chance to be reunited with many of their
are still following a system of immigra- relatives of other countries, from whom
tion based on a 1920 census. Why this they have long been separated. .
should be at a time In world history With the passage of new immigration
when it is so incumbent upon us to be laws, we could end the kind of situation
an example to the world of. a nation in which an American citizen of Greek
which is doing its best to be fair, equi- origin must wait a year and a half to be
table, and nondiscriminatory, continues reunited with his mother and father, or
to elude me. his brothers and sisters, or as happened
And as far as I can see, it eludes many in my own congressional district, an
many thousands of other Americans too, American citizen of Turkish origin faces
not least among them our own esteemed an indefinite waiting period to have her
President, who has clearly stated in his sister join her in the United States.
message to Congress: - We have another reason for opening
The use of a national origins system is our gates a little wider, a reason that has
without basis in either logic or reason. It long been -part of the American tradi-
neither satisfies a national need nor accom- tion. This great country. was built, as
plishes an international purpose. In an age we - all know, by immigrants and is to-
of Interdependence among nations such a
system is an anachronism, for it discrimi-
nates among applicants for admission in the their children's children, whether their
United States on the basis of accident of parents originally came in the 18th ~cen-
birth. t r +I
o
2
I could not agree more completely. -
Mr. Speaker, today, in another area of
great concern to us, among the Members
of Congress and the people across the
Nation, are many of us who are attempt-
ing to correct the intolerable and - long-
standing conditions of discrimination
against the- Negro in this country.
Through the introduction of strong civil
rights legislation, including equal em-
ployment opportunities legislation, we
are attempting to put . an end to a
deplorable situation that has racked
many a conscience and kind heart, and
which on a very practical political level,
has always lowered the prestige of the
United States in the eyes of the rest of
the world.
Now, I say, it is time to put an end
to another deplorable and discriminatory
situation, that of inequitable and out-
moded immigration procedures. - Be-
cause we have been basing our immigra-
r a
u y
0th century, We are a
melting pot of many people from many
lands. What is it we have to fear by
adding a little more fresh variety to the
melting pet?
My esteemed colleague, the gentle-
man from New York, the Honorable
EMANUEL CELLER, who as the longstand-
ing chairman of the Judiciary Commit-
tee has had years and years of experi-
ence with the immigration problem has
expressed his views in no uncertain
terms in a report he recently released
to the American people, and I quote:
The system of national origins has, over
the years shown itself to be completely un-
workable and unrealistic.
For humanitarian reasons, for emergency
purposes, and under pressure of world
events, there has been, through a variety of
acts of Congress, superimposed upon that
principle, a structure of special laws, special
exceptions, special private laws, and a con-
trived technique of seeking and finding loop-
holes in the law until the law itself has
become a maze of contradictions. It is my
considered opinion that the President's bill
selves denying admission to this country offers ?a broad and firm basis for a long over-
of so many persons, especially of Greek, due revision of our policies and practices in
Italian, Polish and Asian origin. These this most important area of domestic and
nations for many years have had way foreign human relations.
oversubscribed quotas and backlogs .up i am in complete accord with the gen-
to 100,000 persons trying to gain tleman from New York [Mr. CELLER],
entrance to the United States. and I would like to strongly urge my
Mr. Speaker, there are those among us colleagues to join with me in supporting
who might fear that the passage of these with as little delay as possible this new
new immigration laws would result in an and far-reaching immigration proposal
indiscriminate flood of immigrants to of the President's, introduced by the
this country. This is not so. All it gentleman from New York [Mr. CELLER],
would mean is that we would probably as H.R. 7700. I have today introduced
fill our present quota of around 157,000 a similar bill to indicate my full support
with the addition of a possible few of the gentleman from New York's [Mr.
thousand more, and that we would be in CELLERI bill.
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE u9'
REPORT ON ILO CONVENTION
(Mr. ROOSEVELT asked and was
given permission to address the House
for 1 minute.)
Mr. ROOSEVELT. Mr. Speaker, I
take this time merely to say that on
Monday- next, under my unanimous con-
sent request, I intend to make a report
to the House on the ILO Convention
which I had the honor of attending,
representing the House of Representa-
tives.
NORTHEAST AIRLINES
(Mr. CLEVELAND (at the request of
Mr. SHRIVER) was given permission to ex-
tend his remarks at this point in the
RECORD and to include extraneous mat-
ter.)
Mr. CLEVELAND. Mr. Speaker, twice
before this week, I called the attention
of my colleagues to the recent 3-to-2
CAB decision which has decapitated
Northeast Airlines by taking away its
New York-Miami run. I have pointed
out, during the course of my remarks,
the shocking fact that the decision will
reduce competition by Government edict
and graciously offers to the bleeding
corpse a tranquilizing but unnecessary
Government subsidy. This is waste at its
worse. It has always been my under-
standing regulatory agencies are meant
to control competition but not to oblit-
erate it.
As the decision is scrutinized further,
Mr. Speaker, its enormity becomes more
apparent. This decision is based upon a
finding that there is no present need for
a third carrier In the New York-Florida
run. As I pointed out yesterday, there
are at least two comparable routes that
support four airlines and twelvethat sup-
port three. Removing Northeast will
leave this important, and one of the most
heavily traveled routes, in the possession
of just two airlines, Eastern and Na-
tional.
Northeast in a period of 7 years in-
creased its share of the market to 60 per-
cent in competition with Eastern and
National, at the same time carrying the
burden of the profitless New England
hauls. If there are only going to be two
airlines on this run, why Is the most suc-
cessful the one to be kicked out? Why
not take Eastern or National out of the
picture? There is an aroma prevading
this decision that is cause for concern.
Of the three airlines handling the east
deiphia. Yet the CAB questions whether racial tensions here and it will be a grave
Northeast can compete with its rivals. mistake to underestimate what Red
In April a CAB examiner recom- agents may do on August 28 when the
mended that Northeast be denied the Negro march on Washington may easily
Florida franchise, stating that the be turned into a tragedy of death and
Hughes Tool Co., which had controlling destruction.
interest in the airline, was not' interested The second article, by Fulton Lewis,
enough. Mr. Speaker, I do not know Jr., outlines the Communist program to
how much the CAB considers enough, seize the minds of American youth as
but the Hughes Tool Co. has put $31,400,- Red Recruiters Concentrate on Youth."
000 into rehabilitating the finances of The articles follow:
Northeast Airlines. On the very day that REDS WANT NEGRO UNREST
the CAB dealt the deathblow to North- (By Holmes Alexander)
east, it approved another $1 million loan on January 16, 1958, when Director J. Edgar
from Hughes. The two members of the Hoover was asking a House Appropriations
CAB who delivered the dissenting opin- Subcommittee for funds to run the FBI
ion pointed out that the Hughes invest- during the next fiscal year, he said:
"The Negro situation is also being
enu more than proves their interest ex-
ments fully and continuously by Commu-
and ability. nists on a national scale. Current programs
Mr. Speaker, if the route's two major include intensified attempts to infiltrate Ne-
airlines cannot compete successfully with gro mass organizations. The party's objec-
Northeast in the market, why should the tives are not to aid the Negroes-but are
company which has just won its struggle designed to take advantage of all
controver- sial Issues on the race question so as to cre-
ts overcome ate unrest, dissension, and confusion in the
caused in part by the weight of the New minds of the American people."
England short-haul runs, be grounded? Mass demonstrations by Negroes in the
For a regulatory agency to thus penalize North and South. to be culminated with a
success is as unfair as it is unwise. East- huge march on Washington next month, were
ern and National of course are delighted not in the news, as they are now, when Di-
as I pointed out yesterday. Laughing rector Hoover gave this dispassionate, suc-
cinct, and informed statement of Communist
heirs always are. intentions. Last week southern Governors
Mr. Speaker, as I mentioned yesterday, Barnett, of Mississippi, and Wallace, of Ala-
a CAB examiner recently turned down bama, flapped the Red Sag in words much
the proposed merger betwen Eastern and like Hoover's. But the Barnett-Wallace testi-
American. At that time, it was suggested mony before the Commerce Committee's civ-
that this type of merger would reduce 11 rights hearings was too self-interested to
be effective.
competition. CAB now takes away a
Another Red object-the Red herring of
route suggesting that leaving it with McCarthyism-came scurrying Into the cau-
Northeast has created too much competi- cus room where McCarthy once performed.
tion. This flagrant inconsistency is ap- The subject of Communist complicity soon
palling; there must be more to this than got lost amid pious horror of "smearing" the
meets the eye. I think the decision and Negro race and its leaders. Somebody Bug-
that effect on New England and healthy ass star witnJ. Edver ess onrtheosubject but Chaierd-
competition should be most carefully ex- man WARREN MAGNUSON, Democrat, of Wash-
amined by the appropriate committees of ington, was against it.
this House and by the Department of Fortunately, it is hardly necessary to call
Justice. Hoover. A little page leafing through House
appropriations hearings show that the FBI
Director has several times asked Congress
THE PEACE-LOVING REDS for money for the very purpose of investi-
(Mr. ALGER (at the request of Mr. gating Communist incitation of the Negroes.
SHRIVER) was given permission to extend On March 3, 1981:
"This sit-in demonstrations in the South
his remarks at this point in the RECORD were a made-to-order issue which the party
and to include extraneous matter.) fully exploited to further Its ends."
Mr. ALGER. Mr. Speaker, I ask my By now the Director was giving names,
colleagues to pause in the midst of the places and dates. He mentioned James E.
administration-sponsored victory dance Jackson and Joseph North, "national Com-
because of the test-ban treaty with the munist Party functionaries," who came
Soviet Union, to consider what the peace- around for the demonstrations at Richmond,
Va., in February 1960. He quoted the
loving Reds are still doing to wreck our No Communist, Ben Davis, "the party's
country. President Kennedy and Averell national secretary," as stating in March
coast passenger service, Northeast car- Harriman seem to be readying us for the
ried 60.2 percent of the Boston-Miami nonaggression pact Mr. Khrushchev Is
traffic-35,544 passengers-in the first so anxious to get as his next step in dis-
quarter of 1963 and over half of this arming and weakening the United States
business in 1962. It also carried a ma- for the final Communist takeover, but
jority-61.9 percent-of the passengers they have either forgotten or simply will
flying from Boston to Philadelphia and not admit the Communist subversion and
52.4 percent of the Boston-to-Washing- agitation constantly going on In America
ton trade. as part of the Communist conspiracy
Compare this, Mr. Speaker, to the directed from Moscow.
number of passengers served on those Two articles from the August 3 issue
runs by one of the two airlines which the ofHuman Events, serve to remind us the
CAB considers more capable of compet- Reds have changed neither their color
ing-National Airlines. Only 47 round- nor their program to destroy us. The
1980 that Negro demonstrations are the next
best thing to "proletarian revolution."
Again, on January 24, 1962:
"Since its inception the Communist Party.
U.S.A., has been alert to capitalize on every
possible issue or event which could be used
to exploit the American Negro In furtherance
of party alms. In Its efforts to influence the
American Negro, the party attempts to in-
filtrate the legitimate Negro organizations
for the purpose of stirring up racial prejudice
and hatred. In this way, the party strikes
a blow at our democratic form of govern-
ment by attempting to influence public
opinion throughout the world against the
United States."
trip passengers have been carried from first, "Reds Want Negro Unrest," by
Boston to Miami by that company in Holmes Alexander, should serve to re- RED RECRUITERS CONCENTRATE ON YOUTH
1963-one-tenth of 1 percent of the total. mind us that, in spite of denials by the (By Fulton Lewis, Jr.)
National carried only 1 percent of the Attorney General, Bobby Kennedy, the Under consideration in ruling circles of
passengers between Boston and Phila- Communists have a stake in creating the Communist Party, U.S.A., is a proposal
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Awusf1
nedy, is trying to recapture this revolutionary
sense of the origin of the most important
nation of the world. They, therefore, con-
tradict those who think of America as just a
fortress of plutocracy. This attitude of the
new governing team is being projected in
all senses, in an action which is not only
just national, but is singularly international.
As far as Latin America is concerned, the
behavior of Kennedy is diametrically op-
posed to that of his predecessors, including
the progressive Franklin D. Roosevelt. Until
a short time ago, the reactionary capitalists
of the United States had as their dogma the
idea that the safety of their investments,
amount of their profit, and deeper roots of
their empire would be in direct proportion
with a greater backwardness and political
and economic primitivism of Indo-America.
-The Alliance for Progress destroys this con-
cept. and bases itself on the fact that po-
litical and social underdevelopment in Latin
America and its lack of industrialization are
a danger, not only for its inhabitants but for
the United States of America. This is the
return to a progressive and revolutionary
spirit in the White House.
The Tribuna, spokesrllan for a revolution-
ary, antlfeudal, anti-imperialistic, and Indo-
Americanistic party, salutes the great prin-
ciples which surrounded the birth of the
fatherland of Lincoln, wishes it great pros-
perity and loyalty to these principles in-
voked in 1776.
U.S. Ban on i cial Deals With Cuba
Se n Ineffective
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. DONALD C. BRUCE
rRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX 9
ternational finance. it also is small in com- tied a very fine editorial entitled "Per-
parison with the $80 million in ransom goods dido to Key West, We're One state."
that we -have just finished sending to Cuba This great newspaper has consistently
to bail out the released prisoners from the told the story of all Florida, and those
Bay of Pigs fiasco. of us who live in northwest Florida ap-
connections Government has adequate financial
connections in Canada, Western Europe, and pi 'e us this fact.
certain friendly Latin American nations and PERDIDO TO KEY WEST, WE'RE ONE STATE
will be able to attend to any necessary inter- The Florida State Chamber of Commerce
national money transactions, in addition to will launch a series of regional meetings to-
their basic alliance with the Soviet monetary day at a gathering in Panama City under the
it
experts.
Washington seems to take much cheer
from the fact that the volume of free world
shipping in and out of Cuba has deteriorated
to only a small fraction of that in former
years. However, to properly appraise the
situation, it must be well recognized that the
growing volume of Communist shipping has
now been estimated to be more than one
ship a day into Cuba.
Any lack of prosperity in Cuba today is
not caused by U.S. efforts to stop trading in
dollars, or to reduce shipping. The real
reason is that no Communist captive na-
tion enjoys a good economy and each lacks
a decent standard of living. It should also
be remembered in a realistic appraisal of
Cuba, that no Communist politically con-
trolled captive nation has ever fallen from
the side of the Soviets. The Russians will
go to any length to maintain political and
military control of Cuba. The hardships,
privations and sufferings of the Cuban peo-
ple are of little concern to the Soviet over-
lords.
Washington also wishfully estimates that
Cuba is being isolated from travel. While
it is true that no luxury liners put in and
out of Cuban ports, yet there is today no
shortage of ways and means for visitors, stu-
dents and agitators to freely enter and leave
Cuba. In addition to regular and frequent
airline and - steamship service to and from
Iron Curtain nations, there are countless
ways to make the shorter trips in and out of
Latin America.
A -regular airline service flies to Mexico
City, from where one may travel anywhere)
in the world. Passengers may fly a few miles
south of Cuba to Grand Cayman Island, from
where there are several airline services to
Latin America. And the best service of all
for both passengers and Communist mate-
rials to Latin America is the large fleet of
Soviet fishing boats based in Cuba. They
are well equipped seagoing vessels which can
land and discharge ueople and supplies off
the long stretches of the isolated sea coasts
of most Latin American nations. The air-
port at Curacao, in the Netherlands Antilles,
has also been the frequent transfer point of
airborn passengers and freight to Cuba.
It would be fatal for U.S. appraisal of the
Cuban situation to dream that this Com-
munist beachhead in the Americas has really
been isolated from an easy traffic in moneys,
people, or goods. The forthcoming visit of
Khrushchev to his new Western Hemishpere
base may be expected'to bring to light still
further revelations of the chummy coexist-
OF INDIANA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, August 1, 1963
Mr. BRUCE. Mr. Speaker, under
unanimous consent of the House, I wish
to insert in the RECORD an article con-
cerning Cuba written by an Indianapolis
businessman, Preston G. Woolf. Mr.
Woolf has traveled extensively in Latin
America, and many of his articles have
appeared in the Indianapolis Star.
He deals here with the erroneous as-
sumptions that a U.S. ban on financial
dealings, on shipping, and on travel has
severely cramped- the Red base's econ-
omy. As he points out, Cuba benefited
from the $80 million in ransom goods
from the United States; it enjoys world-
wide shipping through Soviet satellite
ships; and it has the travel situation in
hand via a regular airline connecting
the island with Mexico City and the rest
of the world.
Mr. Woolf's article should serve as a
warning to those who believe that com-
munism can be snuffed out in Cuba
through these halfway measures. The
article follows:. -
BAN ON CUBAN MONEY DEALS SEEN FUTILE
(By Preston G. Woolf)
Banning of U.S. financial transactions with
Cuba, as announced in Washington, is ex-
pected to have little if any effect in curtail-
ing the continued Communist domination of
that island. It might be compared with
ceasing to serve free coffee to firemen fight-
ing a fire-the fire will continue but the
workers will have minor inconveniences.
The amount. of dollars that have been
frozen are estimated to be less than
$25 million, which is inconsequential in in-
ence which permits the continued Soviet
build-up just off our shores.
. (Preston G. Woolf, an Indianapolis im-
porter, is an expert on Latin American
affairs.)
Perdido' to Key West, We're One State
y.
sponsorship of the trade body in that c
The session will be conducted under the
slogan "Speak Up," and is aimed at accom-
plishing an. ingathering of chamber people
from the 21-county area of Congressional
Districts 1 and 9. Included in this territory,
which extends from Tallahassee to Pensacola,
are 27 chambers. ,
The delegation from the State chamber will
be visiting in a region that bulks large in
the history of Florida. Since the time of
Andrew Jackson, arguments have been heard
to the effect that the so-called Panhandle
should not.be a part of the Sunshine State.
Interests in that section, it. has been stated,
lie more wih Georgia and Alabama than with
Florida. This is all part of another conten-
tion which has held that the capital of the
State belongs elsewhere than in Tallahassee.
Meanwhile, there has come into being dur-
ing the post-World War II era an entirely
different kind of northwest Florida from that
which was known before. Panama City, sit-
uated on beautiful St. Andrew's Bay, typi-
fies that changed complexion. With a bus-
tling little industrial economy of its own,
this city is generally regarded as one termi-
nus of the now famous "Miracle Strip" which
extends westward along the gulf to Pensa-
cola.
A ride along the scenic waterfront through
Fort Walton, with its nearby Eglin Field, to
the metropolis at the extreme western end
of Florida, is a must for anyone who wants
to know this State. Part of the journey is
over a route that follows along the historic
Santa Rosa Sound which lies between the
mainland and the lengthy strip of island ter-
ritory by the same name offshore.
Famed as a recreational area, the Miracle
Strip is a rival for anything of similar na-
ture Florida has to offer. With a booming
postwar industrial growth that is the talk
of the Southeast, the Empire of Northwest
Florida can, with no reservation, be consid-
ered one of the coming sections of our State.
Indeed, it has already arrived.
The State chamber can serve no better
function with its series of meetings than to
banish the regionalism concept which in the
past has militated against the solidarity of
our State, no small assignment considering
the farfiung coastline that runs from Perdido
Bay on the west to Key West an the south.
White Criticism Scored by Negro
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ADAM C. POWELL
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, July 2, 1963
Mr. POWELL. Mr. Speaker, under
leave to extend my remarks in the
RECORD, I include the following article
from the New York Times of August 1,
1963:
.WHITE CRITICISM SCORED BY NEGRO
(By Jack Langguth)
Los ANGELES, July 31.-White spokesmen
who say, they are alienated from the Negro
'cause because of current demonstrations
may never have been genuinely sympathetic,
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES
OF FLORIDA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, August 1, 1963
Mr. SIKES, Mr. Speaker, the Florida
Times-Union on Thursday, July 25, car-
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - APPENDIX A4i05
of the agreement. Here, again, the best
scientific advice must be sought.
3. Most important of all, are there possi-
bilities of being boobytrapped in the clause
which permits any party to withdraw, upon
3 months' notice, "if it decides that extraor-
dinary events, related to the subject mat-
ter of this treaty, have jeopardized the su- -
preme Interests of its country?" It has been
suggested informally that this is designed to
let the parties pull out if Red China or some
other nation should start testing. Such an
escape hatch is vital; but we must be aware
of the possibilities of the Soviet Union mak-
ing test preparations for a year, while con-
spiring with Red China In its testing pro-
gram, then giving us just 3 months' notice
to match their 12 months of preparations.
They've done substantially that to us within
the last 2 years.
Whatever answers come to these questions,
the United States must not be so blind as
to enter-this agreement in any way depend-
ent upon the good faith of Soviet Russia. It
has earned no right to good faith In inter-
national dealings. If we sign this treaty, we
must do it with a full determination to keep
our own powder dry and our testing equip-
ment and knowledge up to the minute in
case we need to use them.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
o
HON. FRED SCHWENGEL
OF IOWA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, August 1, 1963
Mr. SCHNVENGEL. Mr. Speaker,
Frank J. Killian, executive secretary of
the Muscatine, Iowa, Chamber of Com-
merce, was guest editorialist in the Sat-
urday, July 27 edition of the Daven-
port, Iowa. Times-Democrat. In his
editorial, Mr. Killian cited the progress
which has been made In Muscatine in
successfully meeting the challenges of
these changing times. The significant
fact which stands out is that this prog-
ress is the result of local people working
together, applying their talents and
knowledge in facing up to their problems
and solving them through local
initiative.
It is incumbent upon me as the Con-
gressman for the residents of Muscatine
to bring this editorial to the attention of
my colleagues. There Is a message here
for us to ponder as we consider the pro-
grams and proposals which seek to make
the Federal Government the all-knowing
and all-encompassing force In American
life. I am sure that other cities can be
just as resourceful and just as successful
as Muscatine has been in keeping their
communities up to date and progressive
without massive Government assistance.
All they need is the encouragement and
help which we can give them In working
out their problems themselves.
Frank Killian's guest editorial, "Prog-
ress in Muscatine," follows:
PROGRESS IN MUSCATINX
On a recent day In Muscatine an automo-
bile dealer, a plant manager, a high school
economics teacher, an attorney, the press,
dent of a bank, a furniture store owner and
the city assessor met together to discuss
what could be done to make the downtown
district more attractive
at the same time save
base for thq city.
to area shoppers and
a very necessary tax
At another meeting later the same week a
button jobber, a production supervisor, a
printer, a baker, a telephone company mana-
ger, a consulting engineering firm em-
ployee, a tool and die company employee
and a pest control service operator, meeting
as the city council, spent Innumerable hours
discussing plans for a $2 million sewerage
treatment plant for the city.
Over lunch on still another day a group,
that included a consulting engineer, a bank
president. a men's clothing retailer, an auto
dealer, a union Official and a minister, dis-
cussed plans for furtherexpansion of services
in a fine industrial park area just outside the
city Limits.
These three meetings, and many more like
them, have much In common. They per-
sonify a metamorphosis that has taken place
in Davenport's smaller neighbor to the west,
Muscatine.
The postwar change from a community
'that was known as "the pearl button capi-
tal of the world," the home of some of the
finest watermelons in the Midwest and the
Onetime home of Mark Twain, to., a city
that proudly boasts of Its Industrial output
in no uncertain terms, has come about
through an awakening of Its citizens to the
need to assume a place In the dynamic econ-
omy in which we now find ourselves.
There was no magic formula responsible
for this change of attitude, Many persons
and factors have been credited with playing
important parts but the most Important has
been the assumption of civic responsibility
by people In all walks of life. These persons
are willing to give time, money and effort
to work for betterment of their community.
Most are willing to even go a step further
and give a little extra In order to see a pro-
gram to a successful completion.
Has this type of community effort by all
paid off? Can the value of this thinking
be proven in dollars and cents? A short
rCsumC of some of the recent achievements
might set the record straight:
1. A new $200,000 community college
building with $80,000 of the necessary funds
coming In small gifts from the general pub-
lic, Muscatine Community College Is now
the only public junior college in the State
with a building specifically erected for use
by such an institution.
2. A multimillion dollar chemical com-
pound on a site where soybeans were har-
vested only a short time ago.
3. A new pleasure boat harbor that han-
dles boats from many communities along the
Mississippi.
4. An excellent park system that Includes
the only tree zoo in Iowa with some 60
species of animals including elephant, bear,
lion, llama, puma, bison, and others.
5. An off-street parking program that add-
ed 101 spaces to the already existing 445
available spaces.
6. Continued employment growth, plant,
modernization and rebuilding and new prod-
uct development on the part of existing In-
dustries.
7. A gradual, but noticeable, facelifting
program in the downtown shopping area.
8. Three successive over-subscribed United
Fund drives with one recent drive exceeding
the goal of $99,150 at the same time that the
public was pledging $80,000 for the com-
munity college building fund.
9. Increased bank deposits, increased re-
tail sales and other glowing statistics of a
business Index.
Before r sound like a confirmed optimist
who is always looking at things through rosy
glasses, let me say that growth has also
brought along further problems that the vol-
untary leaders and the elected officials will
have to face in the very near future. Same
of the more obvious ones are:
I. The need for better bridge facilities
across the Mississippi.
2. The need for an enlarged program to
provide better surfaced streets to handle the
edidtional traffic load.
3. The need for additional equipment and
personnel In the police and fire departments,
4. The need for more classrooms to meet
the requirements of the so-called population
explosion.
At the present time civic groups are de-
voting time to studying these and other
problems and trying to arrive at solutions.
If the enlightened thinking and leadership
of the past two decades continues there is no
doubt that these problems, which today
seem almost insurmountable, will be solved
andrecorded as another feather In the com-
munity's cap.
What Muscatine has been able to accom-
plish in the years since World War II can
be accomplished by any community if all
citizens will take a normal interest in their
city's future.
No one person or organization is wholly
responsible for the successful program in
Muscatine-it took the combined efforts of
the chamber, the Jaycees, the development
corporation, the city administration, the
schools, the churches, the unions, the service,
veteran and fraternal organizations, the
ladies groups and, most of all, the people
themselves to change the face and pace of the
community.
Fourth of July, Revolutionary Date
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HENRY B. GONZALEZ
OF TEXAS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, August 1, 1963
Mr. GONZALEZ. Mr. Speaker, the
concept of the Alliance for Progress is
a revolutionary one-it hopes to create a
social and economic revolution In Latin
America.
I think that this editorial from La
Tribuna of Lima, Peru, will show that the
winds of revolution are blowing in Latin
America-there Is renewed hope for free-
dom and prosperity :
(From La Tribune. Lima, Peru, July 4, 1963]
FOURTH OF JULY, REVOLUTIONARY DATE
The United States of America celebrates
today one more birthday of Its Declaration of
Independence. The prosperity of the Union
and overwhelming existence for a long time
of a bourgeois, satisfied and prudent men-
tality, in spheres of power and influence
have not been able to erase the irrevocably
revolutionary character of such a glorious
date.
The North American Revolution precedes
the French Revolution in all its concepts,
inspired by liberty, equality, and fraternity.
The Declaration of Independence, drafted
by Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jeffer-
son, among others, came before the "declara-
tion of the rights of men and citizens."
Besides being a markedly liberal movement,
the American Revolution is the first anti-
colonial war and, as a paradox for those
of us who think in concepts of the 20th cen-
tury, it was the first triumphant anti-im-
perialistic struggle. That is because in the
18th century, England meant imperialism
producing an oppression more economic than
political, from which George Washington
freed the American people. This is the real
sense of the date we celebrate today.
A new generation of intellectuals and pol-
iticians, whose prototype is President Ken-
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