CUBA--COSTA RICAN CONFERENCE AVOIDS SUBJECT IF UNITED STATES HAS ITS WAY--U.S. AC-TIVE LEADERSHIP IS FIRM-- LONG RANGE ANTI-CASTRO COMMUNISM POLICY NEEDED

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP65B00383R000200220024-2
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 7, 2004
• Sequence Number: 24
• Publication Date: March 18, 1963
• Content Type: OPEN

196
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD = HOUSE
Lary buildup of Communist nations must
be taken into consideration in the grant-
ing of export licenses.
I believe it is very important for the
House to recreate the Select Committee
-on Export Control for the 88th Congress.
'The Congress must keep a close watch
on this program and I would urge the
membership of the House to support res-
olutions other Members of the House and
-I have introduced providing for a Select
Committee on Export Control. There is
no time to waste.
CCi COSTA RICAN CONFERENCE
V6IDS SUBJECT IF UNITED
STATES HAS ITS WAY-U.S. AC-
TIVE LEADERSHIP IS FIRM-
LONG-RANGE ANTI-CASTRO COM-
MUNISM POLICY NEEDED
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
previous order of the House, the gentle-
man from Florida [Mr. CRAMER] is rec-
ognized for 30 minutes.
(Mr. CRAMER asked and was given
permission to revise and extend his re-
marks.)
Mr. CRAMER. Mr. Speaker, on a
number of occasions I have taken the
floor of this House feeling deep concern
with regard to the administration's pol-
icy concerning Cuba, recognizing the
threat it offers now and has offered for
some time, not only the threat of Com-
munist subversion emanating from Cuba
to other Latin American countries but
as a matter of fact as late as last Thurs-
day as it relates to Communist subver-
sion through Cuba by way of the Cuban
Embassy In Mexico City, even in the
United States.
OPEN DOOR Or SUBVERSYON TO CUBA THROUGH
MEXICO UNDERRATED
I brought out in the RECORD last
Thursday the fact that some 73 Ameri-
can citizens, citizens of the United
States, had used the open door sub-
versive route through Mexico City, the
Cuban Embassy therein to gain admis-
sion to Cuba to conduct-some of them
at least--subversive activities and who
knows, perhaps, to attend even subver-
sive training schools. I- put this in-
formation in the RECORD and it was in-
teresting to me that Mr. McCone when
he appeared before the Selden subcom-
mittee of the Committee an Foreign Af-
fairs did not see fit to bring out these
facts that this subversive activity that
many have evidenced concern about, at
which time Mr. McCone said about 1,000
to 1,50.0 "Latin American citizens" had
-visited Cuba and had received subver-
sive training during the period of 1962.
Mr. McCone failed to include in his
discussion with the committee, appar-
ently, the list of or number of Ameri-
cans, U.S. citizens as well as Latins, who
had gone to Cuba during 1962, including
the 4-month period in 1962, which I dis-
cussed in the RECORD of Friday. As a
matter of fact, on a very cursory exami-
nation of the list which I turned over to
the House Un-American. Activities Com-
mittee, it was found that at .least two of
them had Communist backgrounds, es-
tablished through the records of the
House Un-American Activities Commit-
tee; and, as a matter of fact, one of them
went to Cuba for the purpose of attend-
fng the Congress of Women of America,
a Communist meeting in Cuba in July of
1962.
I learned subsequently that three ad-
ditional U.S. citizens visited Cuba during
a similar period in 1962, and one in late
1961, all of whom likewise had a Com-
munist background and this likewise was
properly established.
So we see a rather interesting and
startling situation, and I imagine a situ-
ation that is questioned by other nations
of Latin America when we insist upon
those nations trying to close this open
door, whereas in the United States simi-
lar visitations are taking place.
I call this to the attention of the
House Un-American Activities Commit-
tee. The names after being properly
checked, should be submitted to the Jus-
tice Department for proper prosecution.
I put in the RECORD the statute in-
volved, title 8 of the United States Code,
which is also title 215 of the Walter-
McCarran Immigration and Naturaliza-
tion Acts, which makes the visitation by a
U.S. citizens to Cuba at this time, this
being an international emergency situ-
ation, so declared in the Korean war and
still carrying over, and the State Depart-
ment having advised as of January 1961
that any visitation was against the law
and subject to prosecution resulting in a
$5,000 fine or 5 years in jail, or both.
Why have none of these persons been
prosecuted?
As a matter of fact, some of these are
very blatant in their activities of going
to and coming from Cuba through the
Cuban Embassy in Mexico City. This, of
course, results from the fact that Mexico
is one of five Latin American countries
that continue to recognize the Castro
regime. The other countries are Bo-
livia, Chile, Brazil, and Uruguay. As a
matter of fact, Brazil continues to carry
on active trade with Moscow and with
Russia itself; and, as a further matter of
fact, it is well known that the present
negotiations for a very substantial loan
through AID is for the purpose of build-
ing the economy of Brazil so that it can
increase its trade with Communist Rus-
sia. This I intend to discuss in just a
few minutes.
The fact. of the matter is that because
Mexico continues to recognize the Castro
Red regime in Cuba this door remains
open for the flow of subversives even
from the United States as well as from
other places. As a matter of fact a list
that has been submitted to me, that I
believe to be authoritative and that I
have checked and rechecked many times,
indicates that there is a more substantial
flow of Latin Americans for subversive
purposes than even Mr. McCone indi-
cated going to Cuba through the Cuban
Embassy in Mexico City. This is the
list I have in hand. I do not intend to
include the names in the RECORD. This
is the list that was submitted to the
Committee on Un-American Activities
of the House for its investigation.
There was during this same 4-month
period in 1962 a total of 2,840 passages
to and from Cuba, and understand this
is only a 4-month period in 1962... Cer-
tainly a visitation by any or all of these
people would give them at least the op-
portunity to participate in subversive
activities if they saw fit to do so and if
41A7
an equal number gained passage during
the other 8 months this would bring the
figure of passages to over 8,500 and the
opportunity for subversive activities to
relate to-far more than the 1,000-
1,500 figure cited by Mr. McCone before
the Selden subcommittee.
Through the Cuban Embassy in
Mexico there are included 235 passages
from Russia and its satellite nations.
This list by countries follows:
Argentina_________________________
149
Brazil-----------------------------
79
Bolivia----------------------------
32
Colombia--------------------------
31
Costa Rica ---------- --------------
52
Cuba---------------------------
565
Canada----------------------------
49
Chile-----------------------------
173
Ecuador ---------------------------
49
El Salvador ------------------------
66
United States________________ __
77
Guatemala -------------------- ---
64
Honduras------------------------
110
Mexico----------------------------
262
Nicaragua --------------------------
?10
Panama___________________________
29
Paraguay--------------------------
14
Peru---------- --------------------
- 46
Dominican Republic---------------
2
Uruguay--------------------------
78
Russia and satellites --------------
235
From undetermined nationality---_
381
Other countries outside this 'hemi-
sphere--------------------------
161
Total-------------------------
2,840
This raises the question of whether or
not this influx of trainees and those en-
gaged in subversive activities in 1962 is
not far greater than the 1,000 to 1,500
as was suggested by' the distinguished
Director of Central Intelligence Agency,
Mr. McCone. I put this in the RECORD
because I feel in doing so it is a public
service, and it is my duty and responsi-
bility to do so.
CONCERN OVER CUBA CONTINUES-SUBJECT
NEEDS OPEN DISCUSSION
I am one who is concerned about the
constant, at least recently, lambasting of
anyone in public office who has anything
to say about Cuba at the present time in
relation to policies concerning Cuba. So
far as I am concerned, an American citi-
zen, let alone a public official, has a duty
so long as Castro and communism re-
mains in Cuba to do what he can to see
that the administration establishes and
carries out a long-range and firm policy
of getting rid of Castro and communism
in Cuba; and, in addition, making sure
that there is not an infiltration of com-
munism or subversion from Cuba, and
that major military personnel and weap-
ons are imported further-as well as
"offensive" weapons-not returned to
Cuba in place of those which may or may
not have been taken from Cuba as re-
sult of the too hastily lifted quarantine
last October.
I think it is and has been the duty of
every Member of Congress to do all in
his power in helping to firm up a firm
anti-Communist Cuban policy, not only
this year but in previous years.
I quote Winston Churchill in ' answer
to the Democratic big guns trying to
stifle all discussion of the Cuban mess
and the need for firm action-
Still, if you will not fight for the right
when you can easily win without bloodshed;
if you will not fight when your victory will
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4188 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - HOUSE
be sure and not too costly; you may onme
to the moment when you will have to fight
With all the od4a against you and only a
ptedArioua oboz of survival.
There may even be a worse case. You may
have to fight when there is no hope of vic-
toay, because it is better to perish than live
as slaves.
I could point to the RECORD, when I
took the floor of. the House and made
remarks an the subject of Cuba, calling
for action concerning Cuba, and calling
for a peaceful blockade, which is exactly
what the administration put Into effect
In October, making that request long
before the blockade took place.
I call the attention of the Members
of the Hause.to the Rxcoxn of October 10,
1962, page 2782. I had previously ad-
dressed to the administration a number
of recommendations. As a matter of
fact, a letter to me from Fred G. Dutton,
Assistant. Secretary of State, in answer
to a number of recommendations made
by me February 3,1962, was dated March
10, 1962, in reply to my letter asking for
consideration of those recommendations
made ofl a constructive basis as the re-
4ult of information of military buildup
that had not only come to my attention
but to the attention of other Members
of the House as well.
In those recommendations I suggested
that the United States Government con-
sider-this is February 3, 1962-such
things as recognition and support of a
free non-Communist Cuban government
In exile. -
What was the answer of the admin-
istration? 01 course I make that pro-
posal again today. My objective today
is to set out proposals that deserve con-
tinuous consideration and putting into
effect by the administration of a free
non-Communist government in exile.
That Is one of the recommendations.
What did the administration reply to
that request? I am speaking as of their
letter of March 10, 1962, in reply to mine
of February 3, 1962;
Tha recognition of a government in Cuba
in exile at this time is not in the national
Interest of the Government of the United
States, because neither the Government of
Switzerland nor any other government could
then represent the U.S. Interests before the
Castro regime.
I thought we had withdrawn recogni-
tion of the Cuban Castro government.
Now, continuing:
Were a government-in-exile formed, and
should the United States recognize such a
government, the United States would have to
look to that government and not to the
Castro government for the fulfillment of Cu-
ban obligations.
What obligations? We had withdrawn
recognition. And I cited In the REcoan
of October 10, 1962, and prior thereto
this as evidence of the fuzzy thinking
of the State Department as it relates to
dealing with the Communist Castro
threat in Cuba.
I further recommended-and this is
February 3, 1962-the prevention of fur-
ther shipping of heavy war materiel by
the Sine-Soviet bloc to Cuba. This was
October 10,1962. And, in reply the State
Department said:
,' thderlying an announcement, such as you
suggest, that the United States will not per-
mit the shipment of war materiel to Cuba by
the Slno-Soviet bloc is, of course, the inten-
tion to insure that the terms of the an-
nouncement are fulfiled.
Using the same old kernel that is now
being repeajgd again, that blockade
means war, and nobody is proposing a
blockade, nobody is proposing war, but
I was proposing that which finally re-
sulted; that is, a quarantine or peaceful
blockade.
I brought out that there was a some 4.5
to 5 million U.S. dollar leakage through
the payrolls at the Guantanamo base to
Castro, and I see one of those Members
of this House that recently visited Guan-
tanamo made the same statement just
a few weeks ago and wondered why this
door of American dollars could not be
closed. I asked that question, too-on
February 3, 1962.
I also suggested that aid to Latin
American countries under the Alliance
for Progress program be cut off if assist-
ance was given to Castro. Here was the
reply, and I repeat it now:
To withhold our assistance would In many
instances further weaken the very nations
that for the above-mentioned reasons find
that it is politically unfeasible at this time
to undertake steps such as sanctions, against
the Communist Cuban Government.
So, this was March 10, 1962. The
State Department policy was not to with-
draw aid or, as a matter of fact, not to
take effective steps to discourage other
Latin American countries from doing
business with Castro-Communist Cuba.
These were recommendations I made
many months ago, and I could point to
other places in the RECORD where I, for
one, was calling for action relating to
Cuba.
CUBAN ISSUE DOWNGRADED AT COSTA RICAN
CONTERCNCS
Today I want to discuss a couple of
other matters relating to this overall
question. No. 1 is the present Costa
Rican Conference, and it is rather dis-
turbing to me that the Cuban question is
being downgraded by the United States.
I have just read on the UPI wire service
the President's remarks as he landed in
San Jose at the airport, and I noticed a
lack of reference with respect to Cuba
and the Communist menace in this
hemisphere, which again substantiates
the statement emanating out of the State
Department previously that Cuba and
Communist subversion was not to be the
top subject of discussion in Costa Rica
at this conference of Central American
States. It is also Interesting to me that
Mexico is left out of the Central Ameri-
can Conference. Mexico is where one
of our principal problems exists, being
one of the nations that continues to rec-
ognize Cuba and through which this flow
of subversives continues through the
Cuban Embassy is Mexico City. What
happens is that a person who goes to
Mexico, be It from the United States or
any Latin American country, goes to the
Cuban Embassy, and if they pass the
standards set down, they get a separate
visa unattached to their passport to enter
Cuba and come back to Mexico and then
to go back to their home country without
the evidence of their Cuban visit on their
home document. In that way this visa
March 18
does not appear as a permanent record
on the passport or visa papers of the per-
son involved, the traveler.
Therefore, when that person, be he a
citizen of the United States, comes back
to the United States, it does not appear
on the face of his transport papers-
his visa or passport-that he had been
to Cuba. This, incidentally, as I under-
stand it, is a violation of international
custom if not international law let alone
U.S. law.
Mr. Speaker, I call the attention of
the Members of the House to the fact
that going to Cuba at all at this time
by a U.S. citizen without the permission
of the U.S. Government is a crime.
I am particularly disturbed that the
Cuban situation and the long-range an-
swers to it, some of which could easily
be carved out at the Costa Rican con-
ference, is being played down rather than
played up purposely by the United
States-in a forum where firm action
could easily emanate-because, after
all, most of these small countries were
actually invaded by Castro bands early
in 1961 and their concern is natural.
SUBJECTS ON COMBATING CUBA'S COMMUNISM
THAT SHOULD BE DISCUSSED AT COSTA RICA
Mr. Speaker, in my opinion such mat-
ters as these should properly and of ne-
cessity be discussed at the Central Ameri-
can-Costa Rican conference: For in-
stance, first, how the large uninhabited
coastal regions of Central America-and
I have had the privilege of visiting many
of them-can be protected against
weapon drops and subversive activities
by Cuban communism.
Second, how all Central American
nations can act in concert if any one is
threatened by overthrow by force by the
Communists.
Third, how the flow of subversion to
and from Cuba can be stopped at their
borders as well as through the Cuban
Embassy in Mexico.
Fourth, how these nations can encour-
age other nations to withdraw recogni-
tion and impose an economic quarantine
in Cuba.
Fifth, what programs should be fol-
lowed on Alliance for Progress funds for
nations that do not join in this effort.
And, of course, it- Is my opinion that
such funds should be withheld.
Sixth, give an assurance to these na-
tions that U.S. military assistance to
fight threatening communism is avail-
able to those nations on the call of the
free government of those nations.
In my opinion all of these subjects
should not only be discussed, but they
should have top priority and should be
resolved upon at the Costa Rican con-
ference. A failure to come to grips or
to make plans for these actions will fore-
doom the Costa Rican conference to
utter failure in meeting the clear and
present dangers of communism, which
Is the most serious challenge of this de-
cade in this hemisphere.
FURTHER STEPS TO COMBAT COMMUNISM IN
THIS HEMISPHERE
Mr. Speaker, another subject upon
which I wanted to touch briefly, relat-
ing also to Cuba, is this report recently
issued by the Selden Committee in which
some very Interesting, factual findings
are made. and in which there are some
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 rather obvious omissions, . Let me out- would be used to develop trade with all coup- not be used, ?to finance Brazilian trade
litre . some additipnal steps-in' addition tries-including Russia. with Russia and until Brazil follows the
to those which I have already suggest- '" Francisco San Tiago Dantas made that lead of the. majority of the Latin Apleri-
statement to newsmen after conferring at
ed-which I feel_,he administration the White House with President Kennedy. can nations and withdraws recognition
should seriously consider in meeting this Mr Dantas, a former Foreign Minister for of Castro's Cuba.
Communist challenge emanating from'- lUs government who voted against the ex- I am also asking the State Department
Cuba. pulsion of Cuba from the Organization of to lift the veil of secrecy surrounding
The report itself says that certain eco- American States, said of his talk with Mr. this loan so that the American people
nomle and diplomatic quarantines should Kennedy: will be as informed as the Brazilian peo-
be put into effect by all Latin American ' "I think it was a very interesting conversa- ple are concerning how our tax dollars
--countries in this hemisphere. tion and I hope that my visit will be help- will be spent,
ful for the mutual understanding between
Of?course, the report does not indicate. our countries. We had a general picture of Mr. HARSHA. Mr. Speaker, will the
how they should be implemented. I the situation and, before I leave for Brazil we gentleman yield?
have suggested that economic aid should' Will have a new talk." Mr: CRAMER I am delighted to yield
be withheld from countries which do , A reporter asked whether "some of -this to the gentleman.
not show an inclination to so implement loan you are seeking from the United States" Mr. }1AIL`SMA.`,.Can the gentleman ad-
them. That, obviously, brings up the" would be used to help develop trade with vise whether or not the State Depart-
question with respect to this open-door Russia. No, Mr. Dantas replied, "with all ment has lifted the veil of secrecy around
the countries."
policy and the quickest way to close that "Including Russia?" he was asked. this loan?
open door of subversion is, for Mexico - Including Russia," he replied. Mr. CRAMER. I will say to my distin-
to withdraw recognition of Cuba and Mr. Daantas is reported to be hoping to guished friend from Ohio that it has not,
thus close tI}e Cuban Embassy and also , persuade the United States to add some $84 except to the extent that I read again on
stop doing business with Cuba. With- million to the $553 million in U.S. aid the UPI wires this morning that de-
drawal of recognition of Cuba by Bolivia, given Brazil since 1951, and to obtain a spite protests, a loan for $4 million has
Uruguay, Brazil, Mexico, and Chile postponement of the $450 million Brazil is been announced to Brazil to be used in
should be demanded as a Fondition for due to pay to the United States this year on the State of Guanabara, through a local
its debts.
Alliance for Progress funds. lie said that in his-talk with Mr.. Kennedy Brazilian development bank, through
Then, we get specifically to Brazil and mere was mention of a visit to Brazil. No the aid loan program, to develop
how it can contribute to putting an end date has been fixed he said, but Mr. Ken- small and medium businesses in the
to subversion within its own country. nedy confirmed that it would be this year. State of Guanabara, and is to be repaid
There have been some very interesting in 15 years.
I made a specific request through Mr. That is the only answer I have gotten,
disclosures concerning that of recent Moscoso's office as late as last Saturur- to the effect that they do not think that
dote. The secretary sent to this country day that I be informed concerning the securing any assurances from Brazil that
to negotiate on behalf of Brazil, ? the requests that had been made by Brazil
Brazilian Minister of Finance, San a as to loans and aid and also what was would aid in fighting Castro communism
Thiago Dantes, made- a number of state= being in this hemisphere economically and
discussed with regard to trade
what his intentions were as they, relate
to the Brazilian loan that. he was-at-
tempting to negotiate in this. country,
and these are 'not small loans. He is
asking for an addition of some $84 mil-
lion to the $553 million in U.S. aid
which was given Brazil since 1951 and,
according to the best information
available, to obtain a postponement of
the $450 million Brazil has to date to
pay to the United States this year on
its debts. When the minister left Rio
de Janiero on February 20 of this year,
this is what was reported by the United
Press International:
Rio DE JANIERo.-Brazil is about to sign a
long-term $160 million a year trade agree-
ment with the Russians as part of a 3-year
plan the United States will be asked to help
finance, it was reported today.
Government sources said they do not ex-
pect the United States to press for curbs
on Iron Curtain trade which will be ap-
proximately doubled by the new agreement
and may increase to as'much as $300 million
a year by 1965.
I read that sentence again:
Government sources said they do not ex-
pent the United States to press for curbs on
Iron Curtain trade which will be approxi-
mately doubled by the 'new agreement and
may Increase to as much as $300 million a_
year by 1965.
A' mission headed by Finance Minister San
Tiago Dantas is to leave soon for Washington
to seek liberalized terms on existing loans
and $1.5 billion, in new U.S, loans and in-
Likewise, in the Evening Star of March
11, as a result of an interview with Fi-
nance Minister Dantas this was reported:
Brazil's Finance Minister said today that
part of the financial help he is seeking here
Brazil; and it is going on now, there
is no question about it. I was denied
any information other than that nego-
tiations are underway with. Brazil.
There is no question that the improve-
ment of the economy of Brazil through
these loans would have the effect of put-
ting Brazil in a better position to have
greater trade with the Soviet Union. I
called the attention of the Department
of State through Mr. Moscoso's office
that according to reports Brazil has ear-
marked $11/2 million for developing
trade, including trade with Soviet Rus-
sia, and that a large portion of this sum
will come from U.S. aid if the request
of Goulart's nearly bankrupt adminis-
tration is fulfilled.
Although the facts surrounding Bra-
zil's request for U.S. aid, as well as how
this money will be spent, can be read
in the Rio press, the State Department
has refused to release this same infor-
mation to the people who are going to
foot the bill-the American taxpayers.
I personally spoke on Saturday with
a Mr. Romano in the State Department
office of Teodoro Moscoso, regional as-
sistant administrator for Latin America.
Although he informed me active nego-
tiations for a loan to Brazil are under
way in Washington, he refused to give.
me information concerning the total
amount under consideration and how it
will be spent.
In light of the State Department's
charges of Communist infiltration in the
Government of Brazil, I am asking that
no further U.S. loans be made to Senor
Goulart's government until the Commu-
nists are cleaned out of it, until we re-
ceive assurances that our aid dollar will
UUIU5 ouailieaa aiiu 5LVJJV11ig, 4ueiu 1i011
handling business with Soviet Russia,
should be a requirement for this or any
other loan.
Mr. HARSHA. I have been trying for
about 2 weeks to ferret out this informa-
tion from the State Department, con-
cerning this so-called negotiation with
Brazil. On March 4 of this year I wrote
the Secretary of State asking him who
was responsible for the State Depart-
ment's position in this, wanting to know
why the State Department would even
entertain any negotiations with a coun-
try, Brazil or any country, for that mat-
ter, to use the money of the American
taxpayers to finance an expansion of
Communist trade with that country. I
have asked for the names of those peo-
ple responsible for any such policy and
as yet have not received an answer of
any kind from that Department, al-
though I have written them on a number
of occasions subsequent to that letter
and have received replies to my letters.
Apparently we are not to be advised of
the conditions of this loan or the terms
or under what -circumstances it is to be
made. Apparently there are going to be
no strings attached to it, and it will be
used to finance Red trade. I do not think
the American taxpayer wants his money
used for any such purpose.
Mr. CRAMER. I agree with the
gentleman wholeheartedly. I appreciate
the contribution the gentleman from
Ohio has made relating to the trade of
Brazil with Soviet Russia, and his effort
to get the State Department to make
information available. I have joined in
that effort.
Of course, the State Department re-
cently, as is contained in the Seldon
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 1963 Approved Forftft"WP l 65 000200220024-2
over those ships doing -business with sued from Rio de Janiero stating that can draw their own conclusions. In mp;
Cuba. The present piecemeal ban is Brazil was about to sign a long-term humble opinion, the question is very,
full of loopholes restricting only individ- $160-million-a-year trade agreement clear and one would have extreme diffi.
ual his from using U.S.ports, that also ? with the Russians as part of a 3-year culty in misunderstanding it The ques-
d`o business with Cuba. plan the United States would be asked to tion and conversation were as follows::
Fifth. The recognition of a free non-.' help finance. The announcement fur- A reporter asked, "whether some of this
Communist government in exile to tiler stated: loan you are seeking from the United
strengthen all the refugee efforts so that Government sources said they do not ex- States would be used to help develop
these efforts can have optimum effects, pect the United States to press for curbs on trade with Russia?"
both externally and internally, in up- Iron Curtain trade which will be approxi- "The money will be used to promote 11 1 setting Castro and communism. , mately doubled by the new agreement and trade with many countries," Dantas said.
Sixth. Advising the Communist na- may increase to as much as $300 a million a "Including Russia?" he was asked.
tions that, this country does not intend year by 1965. "Yes, Russia," he replied.
to permit ' the continued shipment of A Brazilian delegation, headed by Pi- This conversation was reported in the
hoary war materiel or personnel to Cuba Hance Minister San Tiago Dantas, was Columbus Dispatch, March 12, 1963. It
or the transshipment of Communist scheduled to visit with U.S. officials on was heard by some 11 or 12 other report-,
subversion and/or, arms to other Latin March 4, 1963, for the purpose of 'nego- ers and reported in other leading news-
American nations, or to permit Cuba to tiating these long-term loans. This papers throughout the country. Mrs.
remain as a Communist threat and that meeting, for some unexplained reason, Jessie Buscher, a leading Washington
the continuation. of these efforts will ob- was postponed. reporter for the Columbus Dispatch
viously result in a reinstatement of a The reports vary as to just how much asked the question. Mrs. Buscher is a
quarantine. money Brazil is requesting, however, the highly respected newspaper lady and of
Seventh, Volunteering military sup- Brazilian Government owes the United unquestioned integrity.
port to any Latin American country that States some $630 million in short-term Now, this question does not leave much
is threatened with Communist overthrow. obligations which Dr. Dantas is attempt- room for misunderstanding. Add to
Eighth. That an immediate protest 1o fng to defer payment on until some future this, some other pertinent facts and one.
Mexico should ' bee .made by the United date. In addition, he is asking for ap- cannot help but arrive at the same con-
States against the use of Mexican tern- proximately $400 million in additional elusion that I did. That is, that this
loan will be used in part at least to de-
illi
on
loans this year and another $400 m
tory by the Cuban Embassy for the as-signment of visas and for the actual pas-_ for next year. This adds up to the tidy velop Red trade unless we can put some
sage of United States and Latin Ameri- little sum of nearly $1.5 billion. Over strings on it. Here are these additional
can citizenito Cuba for subversion ac- the years, we have sent the Brazilian facts:
? A news article appearing in the Balti-
tvities, demanding that this open door' Government more than $21/4 billion in
to subversion be closed; the form of loans and grants, so you see, more Sun, March 8, reported that Brazil
Ninth, Securing the support of the Mr. Speaker, we have not exactly been would soon begin trade talks with four
Organization of American States for this stingy with our Latin American friends. other members of the Red bloc-Hun-
long-range planned program, short of Mr. Speaker, on March 4, I wrote to gary, Poland, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia.
war, to rid, the hemisphere of Castro and Secretary of State Rusk and asked him In fact, the Hungarian mission has al-
communis; and for an explanation as to why this Gov- ready been in Brazil and it hopes to in-
Tenth. The United States should ermnerit would entertain the thought of crease its trade from $7 million per year
firmly state that no funds will be con- ` loaning any sum to Brazil, or any other to $40 million and Poland, at the last re-ort, tributed to any fund or program of the ? country for that matter, to develop trade tomorrow scheduled to arrive in Brazil
United Nations by the ,United States if with Russia. As yet, I have not been pro-
any of those funds are used to give aid vided with any answer of any kind, al- Mr. Dantas met in an off-the-record
and assistance to the Castro regime. - though I have subsequently written the session with a subcommittee of the House
Many of these constructive suggestions State Department on other matters and Foreign Affairs Committee and admitted
have received replies. Apparently, the again that Brazil would expand its trade
were made months ago by me. I repeat F State Department feels we are not enti- with the Communist bloc. Furthermore,
them and add to them today, hoping tled to know the answer to this question. Mr. Speaker, the Brazilian Bulletin of
that this constructive approach, provid- Efforts have been made to determine just March 1, 1963, a publication issued by
ing for a sound long=range planned pro- how much this loan will amount to, for the Brazilian Government Trade Bureau
gram to rid this 'hemisphere of com- what purposes, what repayment methods states unequivocally that Brazil hopes to
monism, will receive serious considers- and other pertinent information that we expand her trade with the Soviet bloc
Lion and will be put into effect. all should. know, but as of this date, we countries.
I refuse to accept any coexistence with have been kept in the dark or rather de- From the many news releases issued
Castro and communism in this hemi- vied. this information. by both this Government and the Bra-
sphere doctrine as a replacement of the On March 11, Mr. Dantas did visit zilian Government that Brazil is prac-
the Monroe doctrine. Our ultimate ofi- p with U.S. officials and he visited with the tically bankrupt, has spiraling inflation
_7 1 jective as expressed in my resolutio n, President, himself. It was after this and must have this money to put her
House Joint Resolution 277, should be to visit with President Kennedy, that Mr. financial house in order, one draws the
rid the hemisphere of communism in , Dantas, in response to a question by a re- obvious conclusion that at least part of
Cuba and elsewhere as, our basic policy porter, admitted that part of this U.S. these U.S. tax dollars will be used to
and the steps to accomplish this will of loan would be used to help finance trade enhance Communist trade. To say that
necessity follow. with Russia. Now, the Brazilian Em- this money would not find its way into
bassy, in a release on March 16, stated Red trade, is like saying you are going
'
_
__ __
ti_ ___ ___ __ _?__ _ _____
o
a
lassof
ream
to
of
ff th
t
t
t
ur
g
c
o
p
o p
ht by
e
of
Mr. Dantas would be used to develop a Dottie of Homogenized milk. it cannot
(Mr, IJARSHA asked and was given trade, with the Soviet Union. In that be done.
permission to extend his remarks at this, same release,. it stated that apparently To help Brazil or any other country
point. In the ftscoanJ Mr. Dantas misunderstood the question expand, or, enhance Communist trade,. is
Mr, HARSHA. ' Mr. Speaker, in light of when he said that part of the money beyond my comprehension, it is ridicu-
recent developments concerning Brazil's _ would be used to help develop trade with lous and blatantly points out the futility.
secure additional U.S. loans Russia. It was explained
efforta and grants, I feel it imperative to put tiie of Mr. Dantas that h by associates of our?foreign policy. During these days
e apparently When We are so concerned with Commu-
facts in their proper perspective and to' thought that the reporter was asking mst expansion in the Western Hemi-
again call my colleagues' attention to him if Brazil would do business with the sphere, when the administration is call-
this situation. Soviet Union and it was to this purported ng for $11 billion of the taxpayers'
Mr. Speaker, as early as February 2o, ; question that Dantas said, "Yes." money to help Latin America stave off
1963, an 'announcement, presumably But, Mr. Speaker, let me restate the communism, why would the State De-
from the Brazilian Government, was is- exact conversation so that my colleagues 'partment even consider any such nego-
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 41912 Approved Felti JMI 2iie&FP6 gi3R000200220024-2 March
tia*n? We are spending and have
speijt billions of dollars to help other na-
tiorl8 combat communism, we are sacri-
ficing American lives in Vietnam to com-
bat communism, we just passed a $15.8
billion military construction bill designed
to protect this Nation from communism,
our4tate Department officials have just
publicly announced that this Govern-
ment stands ready to give military help
to &ny Latin American government
threjatened with a Communist takeover.
Why then, in the name of commonsense,
would we enter into any agreement that
effective cold war weapon, it not only
aids, the economic structure of the Red
RE eents, but helps expand their
military posture and makes these other
s dependent upon the Russians
for much of their economic existence.
It completely nullifies the advantage, if
any, of making these vast U.S. expendi-
turep to combat communism. Expan-
sionF of Red trade will be eventually re-
flectied in the loss of U.S. markets and
aggleavation of our own balance-of-pay-
me its problem and will certainly add to
our ti1employment dilemma. This mud-
dled, thinking by persons in the State
Department, this desire to support both
sides, of any issue at the same time, has
led to the chaos and confusion that
swims about our foreign policy. It is
tim to call a halt to this exercise in
futi 'ty. Whether the loan to Brazil Is
for 1.5 billion, $400 million or $1, makes
no ifference. The American taxpayer
does not want his money spent with the
right hand to combat communism and
w1tl; the left hand to enhance commu-
and Communist trade.
e Russians have already established
somo 84 so-called friendship stations
throughout Latin America. They have
competed their takeover of Cuba and
are w In the process of taking over
Hai%1i; this is being started by sending a
trade mission into Haiti. On March 13,
a Czechoslovakian commercial mission
arri ed in Haiti to start negotiating with
Haiti. Thirty-year credits to build up
industry are being offered by the Reds.
Here again, the same old pattern is being
follgwed as was followed in Cuba-trade
mis4lons are sent in, then technicians
and advisers and next, soldiers.
Y s, Mr. Speaker, to finance the ax-
pan*lon of Red trade with any country
is fcplhardy and only builds up the eco-
no c and military posture of the Reds,
ens~ling them to expand the growth of
communism throughout the world.
pradtice.
N w, Mr. Speaker, as if the foregoing
were not enough to call a halt to this
nonn$$ense, look at these facts.
. Dantas, the gentleman trying to
negdtiate this loan, was the same gen-
tle n who advocated a soft policy to-
warCuba at the Punta del Este meet-
ing last year and voted against ousting
Cube from the inter-American States
system.
Brazil still officially recognizes Cas-
tro' Cuba and is today carrying on
trace with Castro.
The State Department has revealed
that the Communists have infiltrated
the Brazilian Government, the Brazilian
labor unions, and Brazilian youth move-
ments.
The Brazilian Government has not as
yet made settlements with all the U.S.
firms it has expropriated property from,
although the foreign aid bill unequi-
vocally states that no aid shall be given
any country until such settlements are
made,
Furthermore, other American firms
are being harrassed by the Brazilian
Government and Francisco Jullao, left-
ist leader in Brazil declared on March
10, that, "if the United States invades
Cuba, we will sabotage North American
properties in Brazil."
It is reliably reported that Brazil will
host the second Communist-inspired
Continental Congress of Solidarity with
Cuba on March 28. The first such con-
gress, 2 years ago in Mexico City, is wide-
ly regarded as having brought about
violent efforts to subvert the Govern-
ments of Venezuela and Peru and with
organizing leftist agitation in Panama
and Puerto Rico.
Under all these circumstances, Mr.
Speaker, it would seem little enough to
ask that American tax dollars not be
granted or loaned to Brazil until she
has removed the Communists at least
from the ranks of government, that all
U.S. citizens be reimbursed for property
expropriated by Brazil, and that infalli-
ble assurances be giventhe United States
that none of our money will be used to
enhance Communist trade.
TARIFF RELIEF A HOAX
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
previous order of the House, the gentle-
man from Pennsylvania (Mr. DENT] is
recognized for 60 minutes.
Mr. DENT. Mr. 'Speaker, I take this
time in the House to discuss that part of
the Tariff Expansion Act dealing with
assistance for displaced workers. Re-
cently the U.S. Department of Labor is-
sued the following memorandum con-
tained in an official booklet. I quote
from the booklet:
ASSISTANCE FOR WORIIuS UNDER THa TRADE
EXPANSION Aar or 1962
(Note.-This pamphlet discusses the eligi-
bility of totally unemployed workers, but
you may apply for a readjustment allowance
or training if you are working only part time
for your company because of an Increase in
imports, provided that Increase was the re-
sult of a trade concession.)
The Trade Expansion Act of 1962 provides
adjustment assistance to workers who are
laid off or working only part time because of
'Increased Imports resulting from trade con-
cessions.
This pamphlet explains how workers may
apply for assistance and the kind of assist-
ance they may receive.
Your company has laid off a number of Its
workers, Including you. The layoff Is caused
by an increase in imported products like
those made by your company. If this in-
crease was the result of a trade concession,
you may apply for a readjustment allowance,
training, job relocation assistance, all of the
above.
Before you may receive assistance, the
US. Tariff Commission must find that your
unemployment Is due to increased Imports
resulting from a trade concession but im-
mediately following your layoff, inform your
local employment security office that you
wish to apply for adjustment assistance un-
der the Trade Expansion Act.
This is important so that your right to
apply for assistance is protected.
You satisfy all of the following:
Your layoff, the result of a trade con-
cession, began after the Trade Expansion
Act became law, October 11, 1962;
You worked for any employer or em-
ployers for 18 months out of the 3 years
preceding your layoff; -
You worked for any employer or em-
ployers adversely affected by Imports for
6 months out of the year preceding your
layoff;
You are available for work (or enrolled
in an approved training program);
You are not disqualified under your State
unemployment insurance law.
DETERMINATIONS BY THE U.S. TARIFF
COMMISSION
A group of workers adversely affected by
imports may petition the U.S. Tariff Com-
mission for a determination covering (I)
their individual company (or a subdivision
of their company), or (II) their entire In-
dustry.
1. YOUR COMPANY (Oa SUBDIVISION)
To determine whether you are eligible to
apply for trade adjustment assistance, your
union representatives, or anyone you auth-
orize to represent you, must petition the
V.S. Tariff Commission on your behalf.
The Commission will determine whether
the layoff at your company resulted from
an increase in imports caused by a trade
concession and will report its findings to
the President.
The President may then certify that the
unemployment workers of your company are
eligible to apply for adjustment assistance.
His certification will specify the date that
import-affected unemployment began.
Nora.-If you continued working at the
time a group of your fellow workers peti-
tioned the Tariff Commission, but you were
laid off at a later date, apply for assistance
immediately, It will not be necessary for
your representative to petition the Tariff
Commission a second time within 2 years.
U. YOUR INDUSTSY
A recognized union, firm, trade association,
or other representative of an industry may
petition the Tariff Commission for tariff ad-
justment. In this case the Commission will
determine whether increased imports result-
ing from a trade concession are adversely
affecting your entire industry. Its findings
will be reported to the President.
The President may then authorize groups
of unemployed workers In your industry to
request the Secretary of Labor for a determi-
nation of eligibility so they may apply for
trade adjustment assistance.
When the Secretary receives a group's peti-
tion, he will determine whether their unem-
ployment was caused by increased imports
which the Tariff Commission found to be
adversely affecting their industry.
If the Secretary finds that the group's
unemployment results from Increased Im-
ports, he will certify that these workers are
eligible to apply for trade adjustment assist-
ance. His certification will specify the date
their import-affected unemployment began.
(Nora.-If you continued working at the
time a group of workers in your industry
requested the Secretary of Labor for assist-
ance, but you were laid off at a later date,
apply for assistance immediately. It will not
be necessary for your representative to ask
the Secretary for another determination
within 2 years.)
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 g63 App S 1~~. Jf&b3= ?65B00383R0002002200244179
ever, . were specifically aimed at gathering
-yriad programs. My purpose here- alert for white jeeps loaded down with information concerning cRare-.t, Ott use of
-id I can guarantee this House that it goldfish bowls. Cuba as an island base forve aggres-
lll be a continuing purpose=is to see I am anxiously awaiting word from sion in the Amerlcas. y of this
it that the American taxpayers have the Secretary of the interior, from the threat to our h heric security was
ae straight truth upon which to base United Nations, or from any of the ama- spelled out in in testmony before the
I will report subcommit
d
A
n
,
weir decision. tear fish-hunters.
_Je Until the U.N. develops more built-in promptly to the House just as soon as vAs a r yinced ihe or the nee tt to is om rre than
necks and audits upon itself, it is up to the slippery evidence of the U.N.'s unique al the American heole to hi nature and
ae American Congress to audit U.N. ac- aid to the United States has been hooked mmunist designs and operations in Latin
Arica.
ions and U.N. facts for the American ' and landed. low
eople. Perhaps we should turn the THE GROWTH OF COMMUNISM IN LA IN
_eneral Accounting UOffice loose for a COMMUNIST SUBVERSION AMERICA
Dmplete audit of the United Nations' aid - IN THEW EMISPHERE As noted at the outset of the subcommit-
rojects. The U.N. has hundreds tee's hearings, these designs and operations
rojeets going on all over the world. (Mr. SELDEN (at t request of Mr. antedate the coming to power of Fidel Cas-
srtainly hope they have better informa ROGERS of Florida) as given permis- tro in Cuba. Latin America has been a tar-
-on about the others than they do about - marks at this point get for Communist conquest since the early
ne aid project for the United States. in the RECORD, and to include a subcom- 1920's, when the Third Communist Interna-
Let (Comintern) initiated a program to
sur r brieflyoundinngg just e ii the this one U.N. Mr. m Mr. . r SELDEN. Mr. Speaker, the Sub- organize and coordinate Communist political
found nd me
us and organizational activities in Central and
7d project, committee on Inter-American Affairs South American nations. Comintern agents,
I have been told by the United Nations has completed its report resulting from operating under orders from Moscow, were
&iformation Center here in Washington recent hearings into Castro Communist active during this early period in recruiting
hat this rice-fish project was conducted subversion in the Western Hemisphere. and training Latin American party leaders.
n Kansas-a startling revelation since As chairman of the subcommittee, I The feller ci6 organization, a aMoscow nother -coabor nn-
Zansas has no rice paddies. believe the hearings and this report will trot ell l of Communist efforts to create a
Also, I have been told by way of the prove of great value in focusing the at- Soviet ment Latin America. By 1929, the First
7ew York office of the U.N.'s Food and tention of the American people and Conference of the Latin American Commu-
Lgriculture Organization that this proj- other friends of the inter-American nist Parties was held in Buenos Aires, draw-
-et was not in Kansas but in Arkansas. system on the Communist subversive ing delegates from 14 of the 20 Latin
Then, I read for myself in "World threat to the Americas. American nations.
Without Want," a book written recently This report contains subcommittee From this nucleus, the Communist move-
ey Mr. Paul Hoffman who is manager findings and recommendations growing ment in Latin America grew rapidly in the
^f the U.N. Special Fund, that this proj- out of testimony given by members of 1930's and 1940's. The global depression
spurred Communist organizational efforts
-et is not in Kansas and not in Arkansas the executive branch and by other au- among workers. Communist-controlled labor
cut in Louisiana. thorities in Latin American affairs. The unions and hemispherewide labor associa-
Later the information center here ad- members of the subcommittee, Demo- tions served as the center of expanding party
.ised me that the Kansas-Arkansas crat and Republican alike, have consci- operations throughout the area. Moscow's
laixup was caused by the pronunciation entiously worked toward keeping the control over party activities throughout Latin
Df a Swedish secretary on a long-distance hearings on the high level of national in- America was complete and thorough, acting
telephone call. terest. I believe this contribution is re- through centralized command posts in Uru-
Still later, in response to a letter from fleeted in the responsible, objective guay, Mexico, and Cuba. Montevideo served
as command headquarters for South Amer-
ne, Mr. -Hoffman, a dedicated and nature of the report. ica, Mexico City for Central America, and
talented American who is now an inter- It is to be hoped that the subcommit- Havana for the Caribbean area.
national civil servant, wrote to me that tee's efforts will serve to aid our Govern- By the end of World War II, the Latin
Is book contained a "regrettable mis- ment and our friends and allies through- American Communist movement was flour-
;ake." But he neglected to correct that out the hemisphere in the continuing ishing and irt party Organizations ryoperated
mistake and to locate the project in any fight to eliminate the threat of com- openly in v every
State, mUnism to the inter-American system. hemisphere. The Communists were repre-
And we still do not know where it is, The report follows: sented least in three me nine members in national the Chilean congresses, had at
Cabinet,
Dr was, or how much we paid for the CASTRO COMMUNIST SUBVERSION IN THE and were influential on lower levels of gov-
U.N. aid. WESTERN HEMISPHERE ernment in several other nations.
Since American taxpayers apparently On February 18, 1963, the Subcommittee The first Communist government estab-
nontributed the expert's salary for this on Inter-American Affairs began exploratory lished in the Americas came to power
lost, strayed, or stolen project, I thought hearings intended to (1) probe the nature through the election of Jacobo Arbenz in
we at least ought to know what State of and extent of the Communist subversive Guatemala in 1951. The Communists domi-
Ollr Union benefited. So last Friday, threat to the hemisphere in the light of nated the Arbenz government, establishing
recent developments In Cuba and throughout effective control over the country's labor
I issued through the press an appeal for Latin America; (2) inform the American and peasant organizations. However, the
help from the amateur sleuths and de- people of the danger of this threat to our Guatemalan regular military establishment's
Lectives of the great American midlands. national and hemispheric security; and (3) resistance to Communist subversion resulted
I asked for their help in solving "the explore possible legislative or other means in the overthrow of the Arbenz regime by
to spur U.S. action toward curbing and ul- anti-Communist liberation forces in 1954.
case of the fish in the rice paddies, " de- timately eliminating Communist subversion In the late 1950's a number of Latin Amer-
2i in intrigue that now has dee- in the Americas. ican nations which had broken diplomatic
died solution by the massive bureauera- In the weeks following, the subcommittee ties with Russia and Soviet bloc countries
ties of the United States and the United heard testimony from officials of the execu- renewed them. Although Communist Party
Nations. The best hope, if we are to con- tive branch, as well as Other witnesses having membership in Central and South America
:arm the veracity of the United Nations knowledge of conditions prevailing in Latin was relatively small, the party's influence
is a.quick response to this challenge by America. Mindful of national security in- could be discerned in the activities of many
the many and able American mystery terests, the subcommittee heard pertinent other political, labor, and student groups.
fans. testimony from some witnesses in closed ses- Anti-U.S. propaganda remained the consist-
sion. Release of portions of such closed ses- ent theme of Communist and Commuinist-
I have appealed to them to apply their sion testimony was made through the sub- line groups throughout Latin America.
magnifying glasses in the vicinity of committee by the witnesses themselves, only With the coming to power of Fidel Castro
Topeka, Little Rock, Baton Rouge, after their examination of transcripts for in Cuba, in 1959, the existence of an opera-
Schenectady-who can tell where this security purposes. tional base in the heart,of the Americas
piscatorial-paddy will turn up next? The subcommittee's special interest in brought a grave new dimension to the Com-
I have asked these sleuths to look for Communist activity in the hemisphere is of munist threat to the inter-American system.
fish even though the spring bass season long standing. History, geography, and tra- From its inception the Castro regime has
ditional bonds of friendship are ample reason sought to export revolution to other coun-
is not -yet open in, their area; to look for for the concern of the American people, and tries of the hemisphere. Direct military ef-
a mysterious Chinese expert, perhaps their elected representatives, in the plight forts, in the form of small rebel force land-
wearing a light-blue U.N. helmet; to be of the Cuban people. These hearings, how- ings in Nicaragua, Panama, the Dominican
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 collective plans have emerged to implement
the words of Bogota, Rio, Caracas, and Punta
del Este with decisive action,
Internal methods of dealing with the Cas-
tro Communist threat vary from country to
country. The difficulties of controlling
clandestine subversive, operations and traffic
are great "even for governments with the
most elaborate security machinery." ?
These difficulties are further complicated
by the failure of some member nations of the
Organization of American States to deal with
subversive traffic. For example, Mexico re-
mains a "neutral ground," to all intents and
purposes, for Castro Communist traffic and
travel in the Americas. Internal policies
permitting such subversive traffic weaken
inter-American, treaty obligations and en-
danger the security of the hemisphere.
V
Communist Cuba's dependence on the So-
viet Union is complete. The Castro Com-
munist movement, although claiming to rep-
resent indigenous Latin American interest
and aspirations, is in fact controlled and
operated by trained professional agents from
the Soviet bloc. The Soviet Union must be
held accountable for such subversive aggres-
sion in the Americas.
The Castro regime is a wholly dependent
Soviet satellite and Castro communism is the
instrument of Soviet aspirations for the
Americas. Thus, subversive aggression ema-
nating from Cuba Is Soviet- rected and rep-
resents a "far more s ticated, more
covert, and more deadl '7 ffort than the
hastily organized and ill-conceived raids con-
ducted by Castroites during the early months
of the regime.
International Soviet agents, experts in the
field of revolutionary propaganda, terrorist
tactics, and guerrilla warfare, are operating
schools for violence in Cuba, training and
indoctrinating Latin American subversives.
The Soviet Union as well as its Cuban puppet
regime must bear the responsibility and con-
sequences for subversive attacks on nations
of the Western Hemisphere.
vs
Training of guerrillas and terrorists at
Cuban camps is on the increase. At these
camps, experts in subversive warfare are or-
ganizing the cadre for an "alliance for vio-
lence" that will send agents trained in sabo-
tage, espionage, and revolutionary techniques
throughout Latin America. At present,
Castro Communist assistance to these cadres
takes the form of funds, guidance, and tech-
nical assistance.
In many ways, Cuba under Castro Is the
Latin version of the old Comintern, inciting,
abetting, ands ning revolution wherever
it will flourish
Undisputed evidence exists that "Fidel
Castro is spurring and supporting the efforts
of Communists and other revolutionary ele-
ments to overthrow and seize control of the
governments in Latin America." ?
Toward this end, from-1,000 to 1,500 per-
sons from other Latin American countries
made the pilgrimage to Cuba during 1962 to
receive ideological indoctrination and guer-
rilla training. Additional thousands are
traveling the route to Havana this year. To
date, training emphasis has been on acquir-
ing weaponry from "the enemy," i.e., govern-
ment arsenals, but Castro arms shipments to
other Latin American countries can be ex-
pected to increase if needed to further
revolution.
? Testimony of Assistant Secretary of State
Edwin M. Martin, hearings, p. 22.
7 Statement of Hon. John A. McCone, Di-
rector, CIA, p. 65.
I Statement of Hon. John A. McCone, Di-
rector, CIA, p. 63.
Castro Cuba has furnished financing for
subversive operations throughout the hemi.
sphere, and tons of Communist propaganda
material are shipped from Cuba for dissemi-
nation throughout Latin America. Some of
this material is detected and destroyed by
customs officials of target nations, but sub-
stantial amounts get through to the people.
VII
Venezuela is the primary target for Cuban
based Communist subversive aggression.
Castro Cuba has provided training in sub-
versive warfare to more nationals from Vene-
zuela than from any other country. An
estimated 200-plus Venezuelans received such
training in Cuba during 1962. Although
"the Communists have not demonstrated
the ability to stand up to the armed forces,
or seize and hold government buildings," ?
increased terrorist activity in Venezuela
poses one of the most immediate Communist
threats to any country in the hemisphere.
Creation in 1962 of the so-called Armed
Forces of National Liberation (FALN) is the
result of a unification of command to coor-
dinate Castro Communist subversive activ-
ities in Venezuela.
VIII
Purported differences between Soviet and
Chinese branches of international commu-
nism have had no discernible effect on the
increased intensity or course of Communist
subversive aggression in the hemisphere.
Violent overthrow of existing governments
remains the unified aim of Communist forces
in Latin America.
"To date the Latin American Communist
Parties seem to have been reluctant either to
admit the existence of basic differences be-
tween the U.S.S.R. and Communist China or
to take sides even when the differences are
admitted." 11
There is no reason to believe that pur-
ported ideological differences in the Com-
munist camp have affected or altered Cuba's
role as communism's spearhead in the
Americas.
RECOMMENDATIONS
In accord with the joint resolution of
Congress, October 3, 1962, section (a), im-
mediate steps should -be taken by the
United States to prevent by whatever means
may be necessary, including the use of arms,
the Marxist-Leninist regime in Cuba from
extending, by force or the threat of force, its
aggressive or subversive activities to any part
of the hemisphere.
The joint resolution of Congress, October
3, 1962, declared U.S. determination to take
whatever steps are necessary to prevent the
extension of Castro communism to other
parts of the hemisphere by aggressive or sub-
versive activities.
The distinction between aggressive and
subversive activities is without significance.
Subversive activities, as conducted by Com-
munist forces in the world today, represent
as certain a form of aggression as direct
military aggression.
On October 22, 1962, President Kennedy
responded to the Soviet missile buildup in
Cuba in accord with section (b) of the con-
gresional determination of October a See-
ever means may be necessary in the secur-
ity interests of the United States and all
the nations of the Western Hemisphere.
II
The United States should be prepared to
act with military force, if needed, in res-
ponse to the request for help and assistance
of any nation of the hemisphere in danger
of being overthrown by Castro Communist
subversive aggression. This recommenda-
tion is in no way to be considered as a sub-
stitute for or a bar to unilateral action by
the United States in defense of its own se-
curity.
The united states must be prepared to do
in our own hemisphere what we are willing
to do in other parts of the world in defense
of freedom. Certainly the sacrifices of Ko-
rea and Vietnam would be futile if Com-
munist tyranny were to be allowed to ex-
tend its power by force and violence over
nations of the Americas.
In compliance with solemn treaty obli-
gations, the United States, along with other
nations of the hemisphere, must make clear
our intention to act not only in our own
defense but in the interests of collective se-
curity and for the defense of the nations of
the inter-American system.
III
Every effort must be made by the United
States to assure collective action by the
Organization of American States, and by
OAS member states individually, toward the
curbing of Castro Communist subversive ac-
tivities and traffic in the hemisphere.
Failure of any nation of the hemisphere
to curb subversive activities and traffic within
its borders endangers all the nations of the
inter-American system. The chain of hem-
ispheric security is only as strong as its
weakest link.
The United States, as leader of the hemi-
sphere's defense, must seek early implemen-
tation of strict national policies to control
and eliminate the flow of Communist traffic
between Cuba and other countries of the
hemisphere.
IV -
The United states should seek the com-
plete diplomatic and economic quarantine
of Communist Cuba by other nations of the
hemisphere.
Recognizing the aggressive nature of
Cuban-based subversion, the United States
should exert efforts to quarantine the ag-
gressor by means of diplomatic and economic
sanctions applied by nations of the hem-
isphere. The Declaration of Punta del Este
furnishes ample legal basis for the complete
ostracism of the Castro regime from diplo-
matic and economic contacts with other
American states. Recent months have estab-
lished even more clearly that the Castro
regime is not the legitimate representative
of the people of Cuba, but is a mere instru-
ment of international communism.
SUPPLEMENTARY STATEMENT BY HON. LEONARD
FARBSTEIN
I believe no reference to the situation in
Latin America can be made without calling
attention to the fact that U.S. aid must be
based upon lon
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g
e
prevent in Cuba the creation or use of an, nomic and social yyunderdevelopmentnwhich
externally supported military capability en- will lead to freedom of the individual and
dangering the security of the United representative governments.
States ? * *. LEONARD FARBSTEIN.
It is recommended that the threat posed NEW YORK.
by the
g
ag
ressive capability of Castro Com-
munist subversion be dealt with by what-
? Statement of Hon. John A. McCone, Direc-
tor, CIA, p. 64.
I? Testimony of Assistant Secretary of State
Edwin M. Martin, hearings, p. 9.
EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ADAIR-
HICKENLOOPER AMENDMENT TO
THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT
The SPEAKER. Under previous order
of the House, the gentleman from Indi-
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