A CIA BRIEFING BY THE NEW YORK TIMES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP64B00346R000200160020-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 29, 2004
• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: April 25, 1961
• Content Type: OPEN

~.9~j ..
Approved For Release 2004/10/12 :CIA-RDP64B00346R000200160020-5
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX A2865
If we are ever to coax our foreign friends
into seeing San Franci9ca a,s Well as the east
coast, or to lure them to Yelowstone Park as
well as to Miami Beach, something Will have
to'be done to keep transportation fares, both
to and within the United States, as low as
possible.
One suggestion has been made which de-
'serves particularly careful study: the adop-
tidn of a fiat-rate, limited-period pass by
domestic carriers for exclusive use by bona
fide foreign tourists. Travel-conscious Euro-
pean nations have long offered this money-
saving convenience to American guests in
the form of the famous "Entail pass:'
So far as international fares are concerned,
significant T'eduetions are bound to come as
the volume of two-way traffic increases. De-
veloping alarger flow of foreign visitors will
thus serve to benefit -the pocketbooks of
American travelers as well.
Finally, we Come to the much-discussed
problem of our visa requirements, the third
principal stumbling block in the way of
launching a realistic travel program and the
best example of why I have called the foreign
visitor today's "forgotten man." As a matter
of fact, the law presumes he does not even
exist.
Section 214(b) of the Immigration and Na-
tionality Act states that "Every alien shall
be presumed to be an immigrant unless he
establishes ? ? ? that he 1s entitled to non-
immigrant status ' ' ?." IY the potential
visitor happens to be goung and single, or
from a country whose U.S. immigration quota
is oversubscribed, the task of convincing our
officials that he (or she) is a bona fide non-
immigrant may be anything but easy. But
even ii he succeeds, he must then go on to
pass all of" the tests of admissibility-legal
requirements which were designed with the
immigrant, not the visitor, in mind.
How does this work out in practice?
If a Danish citizen, for example, wants to
visit his brother in Minnesota, he must first
travel to our embassy in Copenhagen, present
his passport, submit photographs, show evi-
der_ce of his visitor status, fill in the neces-
sary forms and then proceed to satisfy our
consul that he Ys not feebleminded, a drug
addict, a polygamist, a criminal, a leper, a
professional beggar, or a person liable to be-
come apublic charge or who has any im-
inoral purpose in coming to the United
?tates.
There are 31 separate categories of exclud-
able aliens and the whole procedure may
take anywhere Yrom a day to a month.
Finally, with visa in hand, our Danish
friend catches his plane, feeling like a Brook-
lyn schoolboy who has just wangled a ticket
to the world series-until he arrives !n New
York. Then he discovers that this hard-
won piece of paper is nothing more than a
permit to apply for entry into the United
Sta ,ter.
Ice must nom take on a completely new
branch of our bureaucracy, the Immigration
a.nd Nationalization Service, and satisfy
them, too, of his honesty, morality, and
financial resources. If he is lucky, the in-
spector stamps his passport "Admitted" and
the ordeal is over.
But suppose insead that the brother in
Minnesota decides on a trip to Denmark.
The contrast is almost unbelievable. Never
once does he see the inside of an embassy or
consulate. The first Danish official he en-
counters is at the airport in Copenhagen, a
pleasant fellow who stamps his passport
"Weicome to Denmark" (in English, mind
you) ,hands him an envelope wtih a souvenir
medallion and a letter of greeting, and sends
him on his way.
It is a demons~trabie fact that the aver-
age Dane, Swiss, Bolivian, or Thai today
finds it much easier to enter Communist
Russia than to get within sight of the Statue
of Liberty. For all our talk about the Iron
Curtain, the unpleasant-truth is that when
it comes to international pleastue travel our
own curtain of red tape can be far harder to
penetrate than the Iron.
The Department of State is to be com-
mended for Its recent abolition of the so-
called "long form" for visitors, thus clearing
away some of this red tape. But that is
only one step in the right direction. Further
administrative improvements to expedite visa
issuance can profitably be made, including
culler staffing of our cansuIates abroad.
It is probably also time to take a long new
look at the law itself. i am constantly
struck by .the brevity of our statute on
passport eligibility for Americans, which is
only a few lines long, compared with the
page after page of legal provisions applicable
to friendly tourists. Surely it is just as dam-
aging to the national interest (if not more
so) to have American indigents,. prostitutes,
and so forth, displaying our flag abroad as
it is to allow such persons into this country
temporarily from abroad.
Yet we have never felt the necessity for
placing endless restrictions on American
tourists, and rightly so. Why, then, should
our foreign visitors present such a different
problem? Legislation looking toward a sim-
pliflcatlon of the law respecting foreign
`visitors -has recently been introduced by two
of my colleagues, Senator JACOB JAVIT3 and
Representative JoxN LINDSAY, both of New
York. These measures deserve oui? careful
consideration.
Sensible administration of revised visa
laws, plus reasonably lower transport costs,
plus an adequate program of travel promo-
tion abroad should result in a significantly
increased stream of foreign visitors. But
will we be prepared to receive them? More
important than any other aspect of our na-
tional travel program is the care and atten-
tion we give to this question.
Unless we Can gear our own tourist in-
dustry-an industry which. in a way includes
almost all of us-to an accommodation ai
the special requirements of new foreign
guests, it might be better not to extend the
invitation.
This means more and better packaged
tours, solicitation and accommodation of
specialized groups of travelers, an end to the
notorious rudeness of baggage handlers and
other service personnel at ports of entry,
sight-seeing trips built around the needs
and interests of foreign guests, civic and
private hospitality clubs to meet and social-
ize with oversea travelers, more language
proficiency on the part of sight-seeing, hotel
and otkter key industry employees, and many,
many other things. Above all, it means a
general recognition of the importance of as-
suring that each traveler from abroad re-
turns to his home with a higher opinion of
America, her ideals, her institutions and her
people.
The less than $5 million travel program
which the President and we in the Senate
have recommended may never completely
close the travel gap. But it still adds up
to a mighty inexpensive welcome mat for a
tlonai attractions. From Swaziland to
Switzerland to Sweden, :governments have
long considered the attraction of outside
visitors an important and legitimate func-
tion.
If the governments themselves did not so
consider it, it was only because they could
rely on a chamber of commerce which did.
One need only strdll down Fifth Avenue,
Piccadilly or the Via Veneto and observe the
colorful and inviting window fronts of tour-
ist bureaus representing countries in every
corner of the world. In some capitals a na-
tion's national travel office 1s often a bigger
operation than the same country's local
Embassy.
If a U.S. travel office is conspicuous by its
absence in London, Rome, or Paris, the loss
extends far beyond a question of prestige.
Among other activities, these bureaus serve
ae points of distribution for local travel
agents of pamphlets, guidebooks, and other
promotional materials published by private
and public tourist organizations in the home
country.
Walk into any European travel agency and
you will in all probability be able to find out
the fee on the ski tow at Kitzbuehel, the
price of a meal in some obscure Czecho-
slovak village, and everything you need to
know far a trip to Uzbekistan. But chances
are that the man behind the counter will
not be able to tell you the train fare from
New York to Chicago and has probably never
even heard of Colorado Springs.
But this is only part of the.promotionai
void.
A few pages away-from the one you are
now reading you will probably find at least
one attractive advertisement beckoning you
to some foreign land, inserted by the govern-
ment-supported tourist office of that coun-
try. Nearly >810 million worth of such ad-
vertising is placed in Antierican newspapers
and magazines every year. Needless to say,
the foreign press has yet`to see its first U.S.-
sponsored Lull-color spread portraying the
gaiety of Mardi Gras 1n New Orleans, the
excitement of an Iowa County lair, or the
majestic beauty of Mount Rainier.
If there is any doubt travel advertising
and related promotional activities produce
results, all we need do is to look again at
our own international travel statistics.
Since 1953, the volume of foreign travel
by own own citizens -has exactly doubled.
Our population has certainly not doubled
in that period; our economy has not grown
by anywhere near 100 percent, nor have the
levels of disposable personal income. An
increase of this order is obviously not the
result of any lowering in travel costs.
There is, in short, very little that could
explain such a phenomenal burgeoning of
American travel abroad except the skillful
and vigorous efforts of foreign governments
and various international carriers, many of
which are owned by these governments.
Aside from stimulating a broader long-
term flow of visitors to this country, the
program of oversea offices and paid adver-
tising called for in Senate bill 610 would
be invaluable in publicizing our two up-
coming World's Fairs. The Federal Govern-
ment has devoted many millions of dollars
toward making the New York fair and
Seattle's "Century 21" exposition truly in-
ternational showcases. A failure to back
up this investment with suitable promotion
abroad would be short-sighted, to say the
very least.
The second major factor inhibiting an in-
flow of tourists to the United States boils
down to a question of geography--the thou-
sands of miles that separate us from our
principal markets for new tourists, plus the
fact that the United States is itself a mighty
big country. New jet aircraft have fortu-
nately overcome these disadvantages so far
as travel time is concerned. But the problem
of travel costs remains as big a hurdle as
ever.
A CIA Briefing by the New York Time
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. WILLIAIi~i FITTS RYAN
OF NEW YORK -
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Tuesday, Aprit 25, 1961
Mr. RYAN. Mr. Speaker, under leave
to extend my remarks in the RECORD, I
include the following article from the
New Yark Times of April 22, 1961, by
the highly respected Latin American cor-
respondent fox the Times, Mr. Tad Szulc,
Approved For Release 2004/10/12 :CIA-RDP64B00346R000200160020-5
 Approved For Release 2004/10/12 :CIA-RDP64B00346R000200160020-5
A2S66 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD -APPENDIX A~1`riF
wriLing~ from Miami. It would seem
that; the only way Members of this body
can ?:ei; information on the activities of
the virf ually autanomaus Central Intelli-
gence Agency is from the press. Mr.
Szulc has done a fine jab with his in-
fornlal and unclassified briefing on the
Cuban situation, but it is hardly a sub-
stitute for regular reports to the Con-
gress on the activities of the CIA. T only
hope, Mr. Speaker, that recent events
in Culalt will accelerate action on the pro-
posals i:o require the intelligence agencies
of the Government to report directly to
authorized committees or a joint com-
mittee of the Congress.
The article follows:
CIA Is ACCUaED BX BITTER REBELS-CUBANS
ASSERT U.S. AGENCY FAILED TO COORDINATE
DRSyE AND IGNORED WARNINGS
(By Tad Szulc)
MIAMI, April 21.-Bitter Cuban rebels here
? were analyzing today the causes of the fa11-
ure of their attack this week on the regime
' of Premier Fidel Castro.
With their political leadership battered and
i divided, and with the underground organ-
izationa in Cttba badly mauled, deep resent-
mend is Inounting against the United States,
and especially the Central Intelligence
Agency, over what is wideiq regarded here as
~ monumental mismanagement.
j As 1xa:I been an open secret in Florida and
Central America for months, the Central
Intelligence Agency planned, coordinated
'~ and directed the operations that ended in
the defeat on a beachhead in southern Cuba
Wednesday.
Among the immediate questions arishig
here is what is to be done with more than
4,000 :men of the rebel army who were not
commttt,ed in the first attack and are now
scattered about the Caribbean area. They
were described as demoralized and dis-
oriented.
~ Meanwhile, the recruiting centers have
closed in Miami and officers and men, pro-
clallzxing; their bitterness, are beginning to
trlckl.e back from the camps. There was a
danger. simply evaporate.
~ Cuban sentiment here is that it is up to
the United States to handle the situation in
Cuba directly.
A second question is whether and how the
' underground organizations can be rebuilt
in the face of mass arrests ail over Cuba and
! of the 'break in communications between
j thenx and the rebel centers in Florida.
' From reports and opinions gathered among
Cubans involved in this week's events, and
!from information available beforehand but
kept corcfldential, the picture that emerges
is orce of military, political, intelligence axxd
~ security failures.
The principal charge leveled at the Cexx-
trai Intelligence Agency by Cubans from nu-
meraus groups is that it precipitated the at-
tack without adequate coordination with the
i undert,Taund and despite urgent warnings in
~ recent weeks against such an attempt..
EXCLUSION I$ CHARGED ~ -
Thr, agency is also blamed for excluding
from bhc; operations several rebel groups--~
which include a number of experienced
i guerrilla officers-because of alleged fav-
oritis:m for other factions for political
~. reasons.
' With such a lark of coordination, many
rebels claim, the Central Intelligence Agency
', could xtot have expected to see the fulfillment
i of its intelligence estimates that a major in-
ternal uprising would follow the first landing.
The e:rxtire operation was based on the as-
! sumption of a popular explosion against
Premier Castro as soon as the ,landing ma-
I terfallzedt.
But, the rebels charge, the proper climate
for such an uprising was not allowed to be
established because of the Central Intel-
ligence Agency's haste to produce the attack,
using groups it particularlq favored. These
gx?oups were components of the Democratic
Revolutionary Front which belongs to the
Cuban Revolutionary Council, the top rebel
command, and the principal among them was
the Movement of Revolutionary Recovery led
by Capt. Manuel Artime, a 29-year-old officer.
According f;o almost unanimous reports,
Captain Artime was the favorite of the Cen-
tral Intelligence Agency a.nd of the agent
directing the field operation,
POLITICAL ISSUE DLAMED
According to these sources, Captain Artime
and his group received most of the military
equipment and financial assistance, includ-
ing funds iox? the families of men in military
camps.
The People:_ Revolutionary Movement, an
organization that is directed by Manuel-Ray,
Dr. Castro's one-time Minister of Public
Works, and that operated the most effective
underground network in Cuba, is reported
to have received no financial support and
almost no equipment.
The Central Intelligence Agency, it was
reported, began to deliver sabotage materiel
to the Ray movement only in the last few
weeks, when 1 t joined with the Democratic
Front to form the Revolutionary Council.
The alleged reason for the disapproval of
the movement was its belief that Senoz? Ray's
and his associates' political ideas were too
radical.
The Centra'_ Intelligence Agency, it was
reported, believed the Artime movement to
be more conaez~vative.
SPLINTER GROUPS FORMED
For personal. and political reasons, a series
of splinter groups developed within the
movement led by Captain Artime. Late last
year, he was beaten up in a Miami street by
a group of his .former associates.
Numerous? officers, including several co-
Sounders of the Movement of Revolutionary
Recovery who has been Premier Castro's
guerrilla capttiins in Sierre Maestro, split
away. They attempted to form "free-lance"
guerrilla organizations, hoping for U.S. aid
fn transportlr:g them back to Cuba and
equipping them with weapons and sabotage
materiel.
What follows is a summary of the history
of the Cuban rebel operation from the be-
ginning of training in Guatemala, as de-
scribed by qualified sources:
'The rebel troops began to be trained in
Guatemala under Central Intelligence Agency
supervision about last May. The ranks of
the revolutionary army swelled as the
months went by, reaching strength in recent
weeks as a mobilization order was issued by
the Revolutionary Council.
'Phe training too$ place in seven camps in
the vicinity of the Pacific coast of Guatemala.
The camps were at La Suiz:t, Helvetia, Trax,
Champerico, R.etalhuleau, San Jose Buena-
visea, and Sayaxche,
A shrimp factory was established at
Cixamperico to serve as a cover. Most of the
otlzer camps were made to look like ranches.
AIF: BASE ESTABLISHED
An air base with a 4,600-foot landing strip
was established at Retalbuleu, and the rebel
air force was equipped with C-54 and C-46
transports, &-26 bombers and P-51 fighters,
the latter obsolescent types.
'Phe Cuban pilots were trazined by at least
seven U.S. pilots belonging to a F-104 jet Atop and+:rground leader who went to New
fighter group. York lashcreek for conferences with the
When a group of foreign newsmen went to Revolutionary Council was not informed of
Retaibuleu in January to see for themselves the plaxz:;. ~9s he prepared to return to Cuba
that reports of a Cuban military buildup with a 'load. of special explosives for the
there were untrue, .the pilots Were ordered stepped, up sabotage campaign, a friend tele-
to bide in a ahreck. phoned trim that an invasion had begun.
The .aircraft were used late last year and
early tkris pear to drop supplies for the anti-
Castro' gtaerrillas in the Escambray Moun-
tains. ?.
To facilitate operations, Cuban airmen
painted Guatemalan and Cuban Air Force
inslgni;,~ oz'. their planes or left them un-
marked., depending on the missions.
Whea two B-26 bombers attacked air bases
in Cuba la,>t Saturday and one of the pilots
who larxderi in Miami described himself as a
defector from the Cuban Air Force, his pic-
ture, publ".shed in local newspapers, was
promptly identified here as that of a Lieu-
tenant. Zur iga, a flyer from the Guatemalan.
camp. Ha; has vanished.
The account given by qualified sources
continTCed
The Ilyull?: of the troops were trained for
a conventional army, using tanks, mor-
tars ar.:d bazookas. A U.S. Army colonel
comma:ndecl the training.
Spec#al guerrilla forces were trained at
one or two of the camps, and some of the
Cuban.officers were sent to the V.S. Army's
Jungle: Warfare School in Panama.
A Fihpina guerrilla specialist was in charge
of som Peace Corps have received their educe- torch of peace and good will among men.
tfon, their training, their advantages in a under the Spirit of God as a heritage for all.
prosperous and free Nation. They certainly the world.
dame not enter the Peace Corps for the sake
I of exploitation or profit.
', The next thing Jesus made clear was that
the disciples were to go where there was
responsiveness and real need. "Wherever
you go," He said, "Inquire who is worthy and
', abide there if the house be worthy let your
I peace come upon it, but if it be not worthy
lei; your peace return to you and shake off
,the: dust off your feet." It should be the
', policy of the Peace Corps to go to those peo-
pie who are receptive and who are in need,
who will receive education, assistance and
san.itarion, agriculture, household Indus-
' tries, and other self-help projects. There
mast be a conscious need upon the part of
these who are to be assisted, for to force
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. SILVIO 0. CONTE
help upon an individual is to destroy tixe this once deadly disease is almost con-
effectiveness of that help, just as it is to quered. Fanphasis is noel being placed
give help to those who aon't really need 1t. on a variety of vaccines to do the job
Those who reject the gestures. of good will ?lvith fester ease and convenience.
and peace should be left alone-"shake off g
' the dust of your feet," for if they persist in Progress in a field such as this is often
their refusal as Jesus said, "it shall be more of rieCeSSlty SLOW to 1nSL11'e ma,Ximum
tolerable for the land of Sodom and Gomor- Safety. The fOllOWlrig article, I feel, gives
rely fn that day of judgment than for that excellent expression and clarification to
city. +t,o ,,...,,,,.arm ,,, +t,.. >,,.~~,.. ?n.,,,,,.~ .,,.,:,.
' '?"''"`?' y Mr. Speaker, under leave to extend my
yogi. forth as sheep in the midst of wolves. I'emarkS in the RECORD, I include .the
Be yet therefore wise as serpents and harm-
less as doves." There is no question but following article, "What's Delaying the
what i;he Peace Corps will be subjected to New P0110 y'aCClne?" from the April 1961
all manner of dlfRculties. It will have no issue of Redbook magazine:
OF MASSACHUSETTS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, April 26, 1961
Mr. CONTE. Mr. Speaker, with the
approach of the polio season, it is of
special interest to all Americans that
Approved For Release 2004/10/12 :CIA-RDP64B00346R00020!0160020-5