PROPOSED SOVIET TRAWLER PORT IN CUBA EXTENSION OF REMARKS OF HON. HUGH SCOTT OF PENNSYLVANIA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP64B00346R000200140048-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 15, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 22, 2004
• Sequence Number: 48
• Publication Date: September 27, 1962
• Content Type: OPEN

Approved ;For Release 2004/03/31 CIA-RDP64B00346R000200140048-7
Crime by Mail
HON. ALEXANDER WILEY
qrs WISCON'SXN
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. WILEY'. Mr. President, as the
Senate considers legislation relating to
our postal services, I believe it pertinent
to call attention to the attempted efforts
to cheat unsuspecting folks out of money
by use of the mails.
The Congress, I believe, should well
consider not only stricter enforcement
of existing laws, but further examina-
tion of the situation to see whether or
not new laws are necessary to prevent
this preying upon the, public.
Recenlty, the Green Bay Press-Gazette
published an article by J. W. Davis en-
titled "Mail Crooks Prey on Unfortu-
nate-Schemes Exposed."
I ask unanimous consent to have this
article printed in the Appendix of the
RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
[From the Green Bay (Wis.) Press-Gazette,
Sept. 16, 1962]
MAIL CROOKS PREY ON UNFORTVNATS-
SCHEMES EXPOSED
(By J. W. Davis)
WASHINGTON.-Some mail fraud crooks are
vicious in small ways. They'd cheat a crip-
pled shutin or a poor widow.
Some are extortionists who would even
fake a nude photograph to make it appear
that a young woman posed obscenely.
Some of the cheat-by-mail promoters are
big operators, out to defraud ordinarily hard-
headed businessmen.
"The variety of mail fraud promotions
is without limit," says Henry B. Montague,
Chief Postal Inspector.
"Persons in all walks of life are potential
victims."
The number, as well as the variety, of
frauds has reached new peaks. So have
convictions, engineered by Montague's in-
spectors with help from the Justice Depart-
ment's Criminal Division and U.S. attorneys
across the country.
MANY SENT TO JAIL
In the last fiscal, year there were 524 con-
victions for mail fraud, a record. Jail sen-
tences of varying length and fines totaling
$347,000 were imposed in these cases. Inves-
tigations also resulted in the restitution of
$1,414,000 to victims.
Montague, 50, a quiet but authoritative
sort of man who began his career as a
postal clerk in_ Poughkeepsie, N.Y., talked
to a reporter about new and old trends in
mail fraud.
Take first the advance fee racket under
which, Montague said, millions of dollars
have been fleeced from businessmen. It is
new, at least in its widespread scope.
Montague pulled out one of his official
reports to explain how it works:
"Criminals operating across State lines at-
tempt to induce the owners of small busi-
nesses to sell their businesses or real estate
or to secure business loans..
"The victim is required to pay an advance
fee as evidence of good faith. Oral assur-
ances are given that the fee would be re-
turned if the desired services are not ren-
dered.
"The signed contract, however, reveals in
the fine print that the only services pro-
vided by the promoter are to bring the vic-
-tim's needs to the attention of various in-
stitutions."
EIGHT THOUSAND BUSINESSMEN BILKED BY
ONE FIRM
North American Associates, Inc., in Denver,
he figured, collected more than $2 million
from 8,000 businessmen this way.
Another scheme that has slipped into
widespread operation lately is based on imi-
tating, very closely and very crookedly, the
names of reputable business firms.
A crook adopts a firm name resembling
that of a well-known company. Sometimes
he spells it just a little differently; some-
times he simply uses "Corp." in the title,
instead of the usual "Co."
Then he orders merchandise on credit from
wholesale houses or elsewhere. Clerks in
the supplying firms are deceived by the name
on the letterhead or order form and ship
out the goods without any question. The
crook sells the merchandise in a hurry and
then disappears.
To possible future targets of these
schemes, Montague suggests:
"Have some knowledge of the people you
are doing business with."
It's as simple as that.
Persistent mail fraud schemes that Monta-
gue and his men run up against are fake
charities, insurance rackets, home repair
schemes, real estate promotions, vending and
knitting machine swindles, work-at-home
schemes of various types and medical cure-
alls including fake cures for cancer, tuber-
culosis, and arthritis.
Postmaster General E. Edward Day has this
to say: "Thousands of sharpies annually pry
hundreds of millions of, dollars out of a
guilible and unsuspecting American public
through worthless get-well-quick schemes."
In one Louisiana operation called the Sci-
entific Life X-Ray Service, the public paid
an estimated $25,000 for voodoo powders and
oils. Postal inspectors had trouble lining
up witnesses since victims believed the pro-
moter would hex them if they testified.
The following, picked at random from the
inspection service's files, demonstrate the
variety of cases that pop up from day to day:
Shut-in victims: Work-at-home shutins
were the particular target of one Long Beach,
Calif., promoter who had a scheme he ad-
vertised as paying up to $162 a week for ad-
dressing envelopes. Victims sent $10 each-
in some cases $16-"and received several
pages of instructions without value." The
promoter got 3 years in prison.
Mail order deal: At San Bruno, Calif., one
Alfred Joseph Crowe was convicted of induc-
ing 53 victims to give him $41,000 for con-
tracts to start their own mail order busi-
nesses. The victims were promised fabulous
profits, if they would invest $550 to $1,200,
but none of them "made enough to pay the
the postage on the material they mailed,"
the postal service said. Crowe got 2 years.
Lonely hearts: From lioyerton, Pa., a man
and woman who operated a lonely hearts
club corresponded with persons in 25 States
and by means of false pretenses and misre-
presentations, including promises of mar-
riage, obtained a total of $2,500. Each also
obtained a 2-year prison term.
Big Joiner: In Philadelphia, one man joined
record and book clubs in a wholesale way,
using fictitious names, and obtaining mer-
chandise valued at $5,300 without payment.
"On occasion," it was reported, "there were
so many packages for delivery to the resi-
dence that the mail carrier was unable to
carry them."
Beauty treatment: At Las Vegas, Nev., a
self-styled beauty scientist was arrested on
charges of peddling an allegedly dangerous
facial rejuvenation treatment. Postal in-
spectors estimated that approximately $1
million was paid by 500 subscribers to her
treatment. Some of them filed disfigure-
ment suits which resulted in judgment
awards of $186,000. The "scientist" was re-
leased on $5,000 bond.
Tax refunds: In Rochester, N.Y., postal in-
spectors, Secret Service agents and Internal
Revenue agents swooped down on a man ac-
cused of filing false income tax refund claims
under assumed names. They said he ad-
mitted obtaining $20,000 in refunds. He is
now out on bond.
Sex pill: In less than a year, Irving Greene,
of Jersey City, N.J., took in an estimated
$120,000 from the sale of Tigron, described
by inspectors as a worthless sex rejuvenator
pill. He was given a suspended sentence and
fined $750.
Knitting and sewing machine promotions:
Thousands of housewives have been victim-
ized by promoters of this scheme who in-
duce them to purchase machines at exorbi-
tant prices ranging up to $500 upon repre-
sentations that they could supplement their
incomes while working at home through the
sale of garments.
"The promoters promise to purchase the.
garments at a substantial profit. Many vic-
tims execute chattel mortgages to pay for
the machines and lose their household poe-
sessions when the expected income does not
materialize."
(The knit machine scheme occurred in the
Green Bay area several years ago. It fol-
lowed essentially the outline given by Mon-
tague. Several indictments against opera-
tors of the organization selling the machines
were returned in Milwaukee Federal court,
and civil suits were started in Brown County
courts to recover the purchasers' costs.)
"The old 'Spanish prisoner' swindle still
pops up about every 18 months," Montague
said.
In this hardly changed version a fraud
that goes back 300 years or more, air mail
letters go out from some city in Mexico or
elsewhere in Latin America (they used to
originate in Spain) to a select list of den-
tists, physicians, or lawyers, or the like, in
the United States. The promoters want
professional people who might be expected
to have money.
CLAIMS VALUABLES HIDDEN
The signer represents himself as an ex-
banker, who has been unjustly jailed. He
writes that before he was arrested he hid
away a trunk full of valuables; $300,000 is
the usual valuation.
Help him bribe liis way out of prison, the
writer says, and he'll split the contents' of
the trunk with you-just send the bribe
money fast. It seems next to impossible
that anyone would fall for this, but the very
A7143
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Approved&, .J3.+ .Itt _~QOA4~0WJt6J18-EDP~* JJR0002001400 8e tember 27
fact that the scheme persists would Indicate THE RIGHT TO HAVE A FAMILY
it still pays off. We make this right empty and meaning-
Montague has a special contempt for those less if we keep postponing the time we spend
who practice the old mail-after-death with our own family. It is a familiar de-
scheme., These operators watch fcr death lusion to think that our greatest duty to our
announcements and then quickly send out family is to provide those we love with ma-
COD packages, addressed to the deceased. terial security, however important this may
Sorrowful survivors-perhaps a widow, be. They need our presence and our active
son, or daughter-will often reason that love still more. -
"this is one of the last things he wanted,. THE RIGHT TO CHOOSE WHERE TO LIVE
whenever we use li-f%UWuu.ay waaiyawai,
and discriminate against our neighbors-
,whenever we fail our duties as a good neigh-
undation of
the v
f
d
i
b
r
ery
o
-we un
erm
ne
o
Who Deprives You of Your Rights?
our rights to choose where to live.
THE RIGHT TO WORK
EXTENSION OF REMARF S in the complexities of modern society, each
OF rt 7~- of us has the right to earn a living for him-
HON. ABRAHAM J. MIJL1r.R self and his family, in ways consistent with
his talents. But We fail our duty when we
OF NEW YORK do not give, to whatever we do, a full mea-
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sure of integrity and effort. And in failing
this duty we defeat our right to work.
Mr. MULTER. Mr. Speaker, with all
the constant talk we hear, particularly
in Congress, of our rights, it is well to
be reminded of the fact that every right
carries with it a reciprocal duty.
I am happy to call the attention of
our colleagues to the following statement
issued by the Jewish Theological Sem-
inary of America as the Jews of the world
approach the beginning of their New
Year, Rosh Hashanah. I believe this
statement is very meaningful to all peo-
pte, regardless of their religious persua-
sion. It is basic to all monotheistic re-
....
ligions.
I also wish to take this time to extend
to all of our colleagues my very best
wishes for health and happiness in the
years ahead, and for a recess that I hope
we can soon take, during which they can
first make an appropriate accounting to
their constituents for their service here,
then have a well deserved rest,. so that
they may continue to serve their people
and our Nation with renewed vigor.
The statement is as follows.:
You have the right to think- and speak
your mind, the right to have a family, the
right to choose where to live, the right, to
work, the right to a good life, ,he right to
worship God.
We all realize how much theso-, and many
other of our deepest rights, are threatened
from many parts of the world, today. And
we're ready to struggle in every way possible
to protect our rights from being ta;ren from
us by others.
Yet we don't always see how the security
and enjoyment of our rights can be taken
from us-by ourselves.
Let us examine some of the inevitable
reasons for this:
There is no way, for examp::e, to enjoy
our right to a family, without fulfilling our
duty to care for our children.
For how can anyone expect to g.,t fulfill-
ment and pleasure from his children if they
are not raised well?
It is no different with other rights. All
experience, history and tradition make clear
that no right stands alone.
We can enjoy a right only by accepting the
duty which is its other side.
THE RIGHT TO THINK AN' SPEAK Gus MIND
This is inseparable, from our dotty to listen;
to give those around us the same rights of
expression we want so much for ourselves.
When we do not listen, how can, i7e expect
others to let us speak?
No one can give us a good life. We are
given only the opportunity; there still re-
main our duty and actions to achieve it.
And we advance ourselves whenever we de-
cide to reflect for a time, rather than to
keep rushing through life; whenever we de-
cide to give ourselves to a community action
instead of limiting ourselves to giving only
money; whenever we decide to seek wisdom
from those who can teach us-and don't
put off the reading of a book.
THE BIGHT TO WORSHIP GOD
We see everywhere how much the evil in
human affairs comes from the tendency to
mistake a part of life-power or status or
possessions-for the whole of it.
We can make the same error in our beliefs.
For our right to worship God is also our
duty not to fall into the idolatry of worship-
ping any part of His creation as though it
were the whole.
It is clear, then, that to enjoy our rights
we must fulfill our duties. They are the only
path to the full possession of our rights.
Moreover, we can be sure of living in a
society where each individual's rights are
insured only when we achieve a society
where all are concerned with their dues,
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. HUGH SCOTT.
OF PENNSYLVANIA
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. SCOTT. Mr. President, I ask
unanimous consent that an editorial
which appeared in today's Philadelphia
Inquirer be inserted in the Appendix of.
the RECORD.
The views expressed in the editorial I
endorse. I would hope that the admin-
istration will soon. come up with a posi-
tive policy in answer tothis newest Com-
mlinist threat to our hemisphere.
The editorial follows:
There being no objection, the editorial
was ordered to be printedin the RECORD,
as follows:
[From the Philadelphia (Pa.) Inquirer,
Sept. 27, 1962]
"TRAWLER PORT" A POOR DISGUISE
if anyone but the Soviets had promised to
build a port for Cuba-and to turn over an
unspecified number of trawlers for Cuban
use-and if anyone but Fidel Castro were
nominally In charge of Cuba, we probably
could pass it off as progress and -get set for
more fishing competition.
Unfortunately, it Is the Soviet Union which
has made the promise and it is the Reds'
bearded puppet, Castro, to whom the prom-
ise has been made. This changes things.
Russia seems to be getting a reputation as
an ever-willing port-builder for other peo-
ple-other people in strategic spots around
the world. They have built a base for Ye-
men, right on the Red Sea lifeline. There
are reports Morocco will have a Russian
aquatic project near Gibraltar. The fact
that, if these ports should turn out to be
naval bases, and the Russians retain use or
control of them, they could seriously damage
Western shipping seems more than a coinci-
dence.
So, too, the projected trawler -port in Ha-
vana Bay for Cuba-in neat scoring position
to choke off traffic to the Panama Canal and
north-south inter-American trade, including
United States-Puerto Rico shipping and
Venezuela oil tankers.
The additional fact that no Russian fishing
has ever been done in the Caribbean or even
in that latitude of the Atlantic Ocean, lends
all the more suspicion to this latest maneu-
ver. The United States is well advised, in-
deed, to keep a close eye on it. Increased
and closer patrolling and scrutiny by sea and
air will obviously be needed. An outright
refusal to put up with it, based on the Mon-
roe Doctrine and our national Interests,
would not be out of order, either.
However, there are some intermediate steps
toward stopping the tremendous flow of Rus-
sian arms, men, and supplies to Cuba which
this Government has not taken yet-so such
plain speaking is probably not even consid-
ered at this time. Although we have literally
begged our NATO Allies to get their ships
out of the "supply Cuba" trade, only West
Germany has promised, so far, to do any-
thing about it.
And, curiously, American ships which fly
flags of convenience have not been seriously
inconvenienced by our national needs, nor
have foreign ships which take Communist
trade to Cuba, then stop off in America to
pick up return loads for Europe. These ship-
ments could be curbed by U.S. Government
action-and probably should be.
We are not happy with the prospect of a
Soviet naval base in Cuba. It is an out-
rageous affront not only to the United States
but to this entire hemisphere. A Commu-
nist strong point at that point bodes no
good for any of Cuba's neighbors.
Imagine what Hitler could have done to us
with a base in Havana.
Negroes Seeking Vote Have Trouble in
Delta
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
Or
HON. CHARLES C. DIGGS, JR.
OF MICHIGAN
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. DIGGS. Mr. Speaker, the follow-
ing article from the Washington Post of
September 12 tells the story of what is
happening to Negro citizens in Missis-
sippi who are peaceably seeking to exer-
cise that fundamental right of American
citizenship which undergirds and is the
essence of American government. That
right is the right to vote, to be a partici-
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What a Difference a Few Months and an
Election Can Make
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ELMER J. HOFFMAN
OF ILLINOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. HOFFMAN of Illinois. Mr. Speak-
er, for some years we have heard about
the deficit in the Post Office Department.
Recent action by the Senate and House
Committees on, Post Office and Civil
Service recommends an increase in post-
age rates which has the support of the
administration. In the Eisenhower ad-
ministration they opposed the same pro-
posed increase in postage which they
now seek. We are all familiar with the
efforts of the steel industry to increase
its price about 4 percent to cover in-
creased costs which met with vociferous
opposition from the administration.
Revenue from stamps goes to the Federal
Treasury-an increase in steel goes to
private industry. Both affect us all.
The inconsistency of the administra-
tion's support of and opposition to Gov-
ernment and private industry is pointed
up in an editorial which appeared in the
Chicago Tribune today. I suggest all
Members read it. The editorial fol-
lows:
POSTAL STAMPS AND STEEL
The Senate Post Office Committee has ap-
proved the administration's bill to raise
postal revenues by about $600 million and
to raise wages of Government employees
generally by an even greater amount. A
similar bill has already, been approved by
the House and higher postal rates next Janu-
ary seem almost certain.
It would be a shame, however, to let the
administration raise the price of postal serv-
ice without mentioning the price of steel.
Mr. Kennedy marshaled all of the force at
his disposal last spring to prevent an increase
in the.price of steel, just as he has done to
obtain an increase in the price of postal
service.
His reason for opposing the steel price in-
crease was partly that the industry tended
to be monopolistic. The Post Office is cer-
tainly a greater monopoly.
He said that the price of steel affected
us all. Certainly the price of postage affects
us all.
The increase proposed by a few of the lead-
ing steel companies amounted to about 4
percent. The postal rate increase will
amount to about $0 percent. First class
mail will go from 4 to 5 cents; postcards
from 3 to 4 cents, and,air mail from,7 to 8
cents. The estimated $600 million increase
in revenue would amount to almost exactly
20 percent of last year's revenue from domes-
tic postal service.
The 4 percent. steel price increase would
have come on top of an increase of about
19 percent over the average for the years
1954-57. The 20 percent postal rate increase
comes on top of an even greater increase in
1958.
We do not object to higher pay for postal
workers, who receive considerably less than
the average Government worker, or to mak-
tag the Post Office Department self-support-
tng. But the administration is pushing
hypocrisy to an extreme when it demands
for a Government department what it has
denied to private industry.
The chief difference between selling a post- Fewer farmers can feed our growing popu-
age stamp and selling an ingot of steel, we lation because of dramatic increases in farm
may conclude, Is not In size or in weight or efficiency. This pickup in production per
in the- economics of the transaction; it is man in agriculture has not been matched
political. The money received from the post- by industry, says the National Planning
age stamp goes to the Government, hence Association report.
an increase in revenue is good. The money Output per man hour in farming went up
received for an ingot of steel. goes to private over 5 percent per year from 1950 to 1960.
industry (except for the Government's tax Manufacturing gained less than 3 percent
cut) ; hence, it is bad. per year. All production increased slightly
By the same token the Democrats opposed, over 2 percent.
during Mr. Eisenhower's administration, the The fruits of this increased efficiency has
same increase in postal rates which they now been passed on to the American public.
seek. To increase Post Office revenue in a One hour of factory work would buy:
Republican administration, it seems, is bad;
to increase it in a Democratic administration
is good.
This sort of logic wouldn't stand up even
in a prekindergarten class.
In
fib
1947-49
1960
Quarts of milk--------------
6.5
8. 1
Dozen eggs__________________
1.8
3.6
Pork cuts ---------- pounds--
2.2
3.6
Choice beef -------- pounds--
1. 9
2.5
Will Family-Sized Farm Survive?
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
HON. ALEXANDER WILEY
OF WISCONSIN
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. WILEY. Mr. President, the farm
bill, adopted by Congress, holds little
promise of substantially improving the
economic outlook in agriculture.
Because of this nonpromising outlook,
the Congress, as well as the farmers
themselves, must further explore to see
what can be done to improve the farm
economy.
Unless this is done, the diminished
farm income may have dramatically ad-
verse effects on the whole economy.
Moreover, the trend will create increas-
ingly serious problems for the farmers
themselves, particularly the family-size
farm.
Recently, the Wisconsin Agriculturist
published a special report by Ralph S.
Yohe entitled "Will Family-Size Farm
Survive?"
Reflecting thoughtfully upon the
trends and problems in agriculture, I
ask unanimous consent to have this arti-
cle printed in the Appendix of the
RECORD.
There being no objection, the article
was ordered to be printed in the RECORD,
as follows:
[From the Wisconsin Agriculturist, Sept. 15,
19621
WILL FAMILY-SIZED FARM SURVIVE?
(By Ralph S. Yohe)
Wisconsin farm folks move off the farm at
the rate of 12 families a day. We lose 250
farms a day in the United States.
If the trend of the last 10 years continues,
we will have 600,000 fewer commercial farms
in the United States in 1970 than we had in
1959, says a recent report by the Agriculture
Committee of the National Planning Associa-
tion. National Planning Association is an
independent, nongovernment planning or-
ganization that watches the econo,znic. fropt.
Here is the percentage of the U.S. labor
force in farming over the years:
Percent
1850----------------------------------- 64
1900---------------------------------- 38
1930 ---------------------------------- 22
1960------------------------------------
1975 (estimate)-=--------------------- 6
What reward has this brought the farmer?
He is smothered in surpluses. His income
has gone down since World War II, while his
city neighbors' income has gone up. Hun-
dreds of thousands of farm people are being
pushed into cities already plagued by un-
employment.
What will happen during the next 10
years? More farm people will move to town,
the National Planning Association says, if
they can find jobs. The farms left will be
larger. Many of them will come from com-
bining smaller present day farms. Some
smaller farms will grow bigger.
Many of the farm people trekking to the
city will be poorly trained for city or town
jobs. In 1959 farm people 18 years or older
had 3.5 years less schooling than the rest
of the people. Sixty percent of the farm
people had only 8 years or less schooling.
What about the the medium-sized family
farm? Will it be crowded out by still bigger
farms? Farms selling more than $40,000
worth of products a year are growing at a
faster rate than farms selling $10,000 to $39,.
000. Yet the $40,000 or more farms are less
than 5 percent of our total commercial
farms.
John M. Brewster of the U.S. Department
of Agriculture, , qualifies family farms as
those hiring the equivalent of 11/2 full-time
men per year. If this is truly a family farm,
then the family farm selling $10,000 or more
products a year looks in good shape.
Why aren't the big boys taking over?
They can't get farm labor, and if they hire
labor at industrial wages, it doesn't pay.
"The family farmer quite frequently is
willing to take a little less money than he
might get in town," says the National Plan-
ning Association report. "When a period of
low prices comes along, the family farm can
out-survive the big farm with a heavy pay-
roll."
Moderate farms still have some advantage
over very big ones. Beyond 350 acres you
don't gain much on a grain farm. "For
practical purposes, farms larger than 350
acres probably have about the same cost per
dollar of crops produced," says Earl Heady,
Iowa State University.
Another farm management expert says,
"We have little reason to believe that any
substantial reduction in, unit cost is achieved
by most types of farming beyond those farms
having gross sales round $25,000."
Here's the way the National Planning As-
sociation committee foresees the future of
the family farm.
By 1970 we'll have about 1.8 million com-
mercial farms-600,000 less than in 1959-
if the trend of the last 10 years continues.
If unemployment in town creeps up be-
cause of automation, the total number of
commercial farms may show little change.
Small farmers will share poverty out in the
country instead of looking for jobs that
don't exist.in town.
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A PP
if unemployment declines, if farm :.ncome
holds up, if we have special efforts to help
some small farmers expand their farming
and other small farmers to train fir city
jobs, then we could have 1.5 million fewer
commercial farms by 1970. It wculc. mean
a larger number of family farms with a read
sonable income.
The greatest menace to the falnl1r. farm
is not the growth of oversized farms.
Rather, it is the danger that city unemploy-
ment should rise. Coupled with farm sur-
pluses, unemployment could push lnaay now
profitable family farms down into the ranks
of the unprofitable, says the report.
Family farms (loss than 1% man-
years of hired labor)-
With less than $10,000 market-
lags-------------
With $40,000 or more market-
ings-------------------------
Larger than family farms (hiring
mor than 1?-y man-years labor)-
3,100, 0(0
334,0(0
150,000
onsibility in(Cuban/A1fair
EXTENSION OF i MAILKS
OF
HON. JOHN H. RAY
OF NEW YORK
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. RAY. Mr. Speaker, I am .lad to
place in the RECORD the following inter-
esting analysis by David Lawrence en-
titled "Responsibility in Cuban Affair":
RESPONSIBILITY IN CUBAN AFFAIR-ACCOUNT
OF COMMAND DECISIONS IN TH7: IVVASION
ATTEMPT IS GIVEN
President Kennedy in his speeches likes to
refer to his troubles-particularly Cuba-as
having been "inherited" from the :lsenhower
administration. Former President Truman
says in his political outbursts that M:,. Eisen-
hower was a "lazy" President. The real
Latin American country), waiting to take
off for the Bay of Pigs. Those were planes
of the invasion force, with Cuban pilots.
But those planes didn't take off. The rea-
son: President Kennedy forbade their use.
"When the invasion began, in the pre-
dawn hours of Monday, the need of air sup-
port became apparent. Worried, the non-
military officials in Washington who were
running the invasion went to President
Kennedy for a new decision. They suggested
that U.S. Navy planes from a U.S. aircraft
carrier be used to fly air support for the
invaders.
"In the planning of the invasion-planning
begun under the Eisenhower administra-
tion-the Joint Chiefs of Staff had recom-
mended the use of air support. President
Kennedy vetoed the idea. He insisted that
there was to be no direct American par-
ticipation. Now, with the outcome possibly
hanging in the balance, military and non-
military men joined in renewing the plea.
"Once again, in the early morning hours
of Monday, April 17, President Kennedy made
'
'
no
to the use
question is not how much time a President a fateful decision. He said
gives to golf or yachting or campaigning or of U.S. planes.
social events, but how he uses the time he "With no air support, the invasion soon
does give to official business-the -kind of began to run into trouble * * *. In the
decisions he makes. face of this situation, President Kennedy
Members of Congress have in the last few took the wraps off the Cuban fliers. On
days put into the CONGRESSIONA::. EECORD a Monday noon he said they could go into
lengthy article that was published 2 weeks action. But bad weather interfered at first.
ago in U.S. News & World Report ;iiing a Finally, an air strike was set up for early
comprehensive account of the fateful de- Wednesday.
cision President Kennedy made when he first "On Tuesday, however, the situation con-
withdrew and then-when it wake tco late- tinued to deteriorate * * * By Tuesday
actually approved air support for the Cuban night, April 18, a crisis was clearly at hand.
exiles in their invasions of their hlmeland Once again there was an appeal to President
in April 1961. Kennedy. On the night the President, in
Ever since that time there have been at- white tie and tails, was playing host at a
tempts to blame the whole fia.Ico on the congressional reception in the White House.
U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff or on the Central He left the party to confer with his ad-
Intelligence Agency. But President :Kennedy visers-both civilian and military. Again it
told the truth when he himself assumed full was proposed to use U.S. planes to save the
responsibility. What hasn't been generally invasion.
known, however, is how he came to make the "This time the President relented slightly.
mistake he did. The magazine article was He consented to using one carrier's planes
the result of many weeks of investigation for just 1 hour on Wednesday morning-
and research among official sources, particu- just long enough to provide cover for the
larly among persons who were in the know invaders to land some supplies and for their
at the time. Certain administration officials planes to make a quick strike. U.S. planes,
have since conceded the accurac3 of the still, were not to attack land targets.
article. It reads in part as folla:vs: "Even this limited plan for U.S. aid went
"A fateful decision, made by President awry. There were communications mixups..
Kennedy on Sunday, April 16, 1961, is rising The Cuban flyers mistimed their strike. The
now to plague the United States. On that, U.S. planes never got into action. And any-
Sunday evening, an armed force cf Cuban_ way, it developed, it was too late. By sun--
down of Wednesday, April 19, the invasion
was a failure. The invaders inflicted close
to 2,000 casualties on Castro's forces, suffered
only a hundred or so casualties of their own.
But without air support, the invaders could
not hold out. Most of them wound up as
Castro captives."
Criticism and analysis in retrospect by
those who know the whole story is concen-
trated today on one point-full authority
should be given in advance and a military
operation should be handled by military men
near. the battle scene and not many hundreds
of miles away in the White House or even
in the Pentagon.
Judge Joe Wicks Speaks
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. WALT HORAN
OF WASHINGTON
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. HORAN. Mr. Speaker, under
leave to extend my own remarks in the
Appendix of the RECORD, I am pleased
to include a letter by Judge Joe Wicks,
retired, on the general policies that
should be followed with reference to our
American Indians, with special refer-
ence to the problems in the State of
Washington.
Judge Wicks is an enrolled member
of the Cherokee Tribe, has had an il-
lustrious life as a lawyer and superior
court judge in Okanogan County, Wash.
He knows what he is talking about and
his comments are well worth reading by
all who are constructively interested in
Indian affairs:
[From the Omack (Wash.) Chronicle,
Sept. 13, 19621
END SEGREGATION OF INDIANS
(By Joseph Wicks, superior court judge,
retired)
It is true that I have some knowledge of
the issue of State jurisdiction over our In-
dian citizens other than my contact with it
as superior court judge of this district for
approximately 15 years.
In fact, I have been in personal contact
with the issue all of my life. This is by rea-
son of the fact that I am an enrolled member
of the Cherokee Indians, one of the five civi-
lized tribes of the State of Oklahoma.
On the issue of jurisdiction, I have never
been able to see eye to eye with the policies
of the Federal Government in its dealing
with the Indian and his property and have
very often found myself at variance with
many people of Indian blood, wherein they
have sought to have the Federal Government
to continue its supervision and jurisdiction
over the Indian and his property.
The fact that the Indian was here before
the coming of the white man, the black man,
and the Oriental, does not, in and of itself so
far as his rights, powers, privileges, responsi-
bilities and obligations, make him any differ-
ent from the other American citizens.
Specifically, it is my observation that in
many instances the more vocal Indian is the
first to demand the benefits provided under
State laws for its citizens, but is often re-
luctant to assume the responsibilities those
laws impose upon its beneficiaries. This
attitude is wrong in any segment of our
people.
I find among the people of Indian blood
the learned, the intelligent, the stupid, the
industrious, and the lazy, just as are found in
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1,600,000
680,000
refugees, trained by the United States, was
at sea, sailing secretly to invade Fidel
Castro's Cuba. The American President, a
few hours earlier, had given final approval
to that invasion.
"Only the day before, on April 15, a sur-
prise attack by B-26 bombing planes belong-
ing to the invaders had knocked out all but
seven planes of Castro's tiny air force.
"A second air strike was scheduled for
Monday morning, April 17. It was to coin-
cide with the landing of the invaders. It
was supposed to finish the job of wiping out
Castro's planes and to provide air support
for the invasion.
"Secure in the assurance of air support,
the invaders went ashore in the early-
morning darkness of Monday, April 17. Their
landing was successful: 1,400 armed men
reached the beaches of a place called the
Bay of Pigs.
"In the battle that followed, Castro's
troops suffered heavy casualties. Castro's
tanks, coming up to the battle, were sitting
ducks for an attack by air. Confidently,
the little invading force waited for its air
support to arrive. Its leaders had assurance
Q "Hours before, on Sunday evening, a small
in
as sittin
f B-26's
t
t f
b
t
g
en
orce o
w
u
po
readiness on an airfield 500 miles away (in a
 Approved For @" fi&1 i&64"ft"&200140048-7
netted disabilities, I supported legisla-
tion which increases by some 9 percent
the compensation of service-connected
disabilities and supported the law which
increased basic allowances for living
quarters for members of the Armed
Forces and, of course, I approved the act
which increased payments to veterans'
widows and blinded veterans.
. NATURAL RESOURCES
I approved the 10-year comprehensive
program of oceanographic research and
service, as well as the water pollution
control program and the study for saline
water conversion.
NEW YORK
As chairman of the steering commit-
tee, a bipartisan group consisting of New
York Representatives and Senators, I
have devoted a good deal of my tiliie and
efforts to obtain defense contracts for the
State of New York, In this, the steering
committee has had an appreciable de-
gree of success.
The steering committee, under my
leadership, likewise succeeded in having
the United States participate in the New
York World's Fair. We succeeded in
having an appropriation of $17 million
granted by the Department of Commerce
for the defrayal of expenses in connec-
tion with Federal participation in the
New York World's Fair. I am both
pleased and proud to be a member of the
board of directors of this fair.
The full weight of the steering com-
mittee, as I noted before, has been
thrown into increasing New York's share
of the U.S. defense business, I have
been in constant communication with
the Secretaries of Defense, Labor, and
Commerce and with the General Services
Administration to stimulate the channel
of Federal contracts into areas of labor
surplus. The steering committee has
worked toward the introduction and
passage into law creating a New York
New Jersey Transportation Agency to
serve New York's transportation needs.
We have worked for the transfer of
1,265 acres of the former Sampson Air
Force Base to the State for its use in
'park and recreational facilities.
The steering committee has prevented
withdrawal of facilities of the Brooklyn
Army Terminal and has prevented Air
Force removal of missile-ship work from
the Bethlehem Steel Corp. shipyards in
Brooklyn, and we have pressed for in-
the basic legislation which I have au-
thored during the 20 Congresses of which
I have served. Among such legislation
you will find the Federal Register Act;
the Celler-Kefauver antimerger bill; the
Displaced Persons Act; the Foreign
Trade Zone Act; the Celler-Sparkman
Act providing for the finality of the Clay-
ton Act orders; the Celler-O'Mahoney
Automobile Act; the Federal Tort Claims.
Act, and many others.
ADMINISTRATIVE WORK
I have taken a deep interest in each
of my constituents who have approached
me on personal problems of their own.
Thus I have been in the fortunate posi-
tion of being able to help thousands of
my constituents. Daily, my office is busy
with problems of veterans and their
families. Pleas concerning immigrants
are carefully perused. Loans for small
businessmen are successfully prosecuted
through the Small Business Administra-
tion. I have aided scores and scores of
people in their quests for housing apart-
ments. Pleas of Federal post office and
civil service employees never go un-
heeded. I have secured for New York
City numerous public buildings, such as
post offices and public works structures.
I was a member of the platform com-
mittee at the Democratic National Con-
vention at Los Angeles in 1960 that fash-
ioned the platform upon which Presi-
dent Kennedy was elected. I stand four
square behind that platform, and I fully
support the policies of President John F.
Kennedy.
I have served you for almost 40 years.
If it is your wish, I shall continue to
serve you with the same vigor, with the
same interest in your welfare and the
welfare of our country, and with the
same pride I have in being the Repre-
sentative of a district that is alive, not
only to domestic affairs but also alive to
the great issues that confront us as
leaders of the free world.
I do_ hope that upon the above record
I will be approved by you for reelection.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. CLARK MacGREGOR
creased appropriations for the Long OF MINNESOTA
Island beach erosion and hurricane pro- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
tection project. arising out of the March Thursday, September 27, 1962
1962 storm damage.
You will note in the above list the
enactment of Public Law 87-409, to re-
imburse the city of New York for expen-
diture of funds to rehabilitate slip 7
in the city of New York for use by the
U.S. Army
I have devoted additional time to the
problems of the Brooklyn Navy Yard
which are many and which are complex.
I have not ceased my labors to see that
work is channeled- into. the Brooklyn
Navy Yard. I have- sought to do all I
could do to prevent a reduqtion in force,
This, of course, is an abbreviated ac-
count of my activities in the 87th Con-
gress.. I beg to remind you of some of
Mr. MACGREGOR. Mr. Speaker, Sec-
retary of State Dean Dusk has disclosed
that the Kennedy administration will
not permit Cuba to export communism
to other countries in the Western Hem-
isphere. He has stated that to accom-
plish this purpose we will, along with
taking certain other steps, intercept
shipments of munitions and war ma-
terials outbound from Cuba to any other
American Republic. The Kennedy ad-
ministration has thus put its stamp of
approval on the implementation of the
doctrine of contraband, or search and
seizure. The Secretary of State has
enunciated a modern application of a
peaceful procedure available to us un-
A 7153
der the established principles of inter-
national law.
The foregoing position has met with
almost unanimous support in the Con-
gress. The only quarrel which many
of us have concerns the point at which
we should invoke the doctrine of contra-
band. Many of us feel that we should
use this international legal tool now to
peaceably prevent the further flow of
Communist warmaking capability into
Cuba. Last year the State Department
advised us that Castro then had far more
arms than were needed for the defense
of Cuba, and thus the clear intent of the
present massive Communist military
buildup can only be to launch armed
subversive aggression against free re-
publics to the south of us. Many of us
fear that continued inaction can only
make our ultimate position less tenable
in the eyes of the world and more haz-
ardous for the protection of our own
freedom and security.
The distinguished authority, Mar-
guerite Higgins, in the following article
taken from the Minneapolis Star of Sep-
tember 26, faces up to the probable ul-
timate consequences of our present
policy:
INACTION ON CUBA MAY BE WORST COURSE
(By Marguerite Higgins)
UNITED NATIONS.-Said the Latin Ameri-
can: "If the United States were to do some-
thing effective to checkmate Soviet Inter-
vention in Cuba, my government would con-
gratulate you privately and lacerate you
publicly."
This quotation, noted on a brief visit to the
United Nations, was not offered as a scien-
tific 'sampling of opinion. Still it did not
deviate from roughly similar sentiments ex-
pressed along embassy row in Washington.
Therefore it raised some interesting ques-
tions about the "new realism" in American
foreign policy that Chester Bowles, appar-
ently speaking for once with White House
blessing, recently expounded in a speech de-
nouncing those who wish to do something
about Cuba.
According to Bowles, the new realism is
founded on the contention that if America
did something about Cuba it would "under-
cut our influence in world affairs, blacken our
reputation in the United Nations, forfeit our
traditional claim to moral leadership * * *
set the stage for sweeping Soviet victories in
the critically important fields of diplomacy
and politics * * * and a lessening of our
influence in world affairs."
If this truly represents the New Frontier's
assumptions, then the questions needs ur-
gently to be put: Does unwillingness to
apply American power effectively in Cuba
and elsewhere save us from the dire con-
sequences outlined by Bowles?
To put it another way, does inaction
heighten our influence in world affairs,
whiten our reputation in the United Nations,
and enhance our traditional claim to moral
leadership?
Since the New Frontier has taken to label-
ing its critics in foreign affairs as rash, hot-
headed and trigger happy, it would seem ap-
propriate, for the purposes of perspective, to
introduce some views on the uses of Ameri-
can power of a diplomat who has. never been
known to be anything but cool-and even
pragmatic.
He Is Robert Murphy, former Under Secre-
tary of State, who in a hitherto unpublished
commencement address at Boston University
reported on a visit to Latin America during
and after the abortive invasion of the Bay of
Pigs.
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 A7154:
ApprovecRo-GREg;~1Z Rt/OiV 16f--RDX R0002001400,47ember 27
Said Murphy: "I was In Brazil at tae time easier, I can testify from observations
of the Cuban operation. I was a bit startled in many countries, to give help to people
to be told that the reason the United States than to help people to help themselves.
failed to intervene openly in Cuba was be-- Second, the editorial shows that the seed
cause our Government feared it would pro-
voke sown -war between the U.S.S.R. and the
United States. I found little or Ito recogni_ country is being called upon by its own
t'on of the consistent effort our Government newspapers to move more vigorously in
has loyally made through the years to adhere the direction that clearly is best for all.
to a policy of nonintervention." Commendation is in order for all con-
So, if Murphy is a good reporter, the U.S. cerned.
unwillingness to use its power go ,5 the worst The editorial follows:
of all possible verdicts: Our moral leader- [From the China News, Aug. 8, 1962]
ship, far from being enhanced, yielded to
the suspicion that we were merely motivated HARALDSON DEPARTURE
by fear of Russia. People come and people go. They usually
"One of the principles to which we have leave behind something for us to remember
been firmly attached is the collet Ave ap- them with. Only some of them leave behind
proach to international questions," Murphy more.
continued, "but again I feel that we have Wesley C. Haraldson is one of them. The
gone too far in our pursuit of a basically Director of the International Development
He
sound idea, in resorting to the collective ap-
proach indiscriminately. There are situa-
tions, for example, where we aril too ready
and eager to merge our national identity in
the United Nations.
"At times I believe we do this because of
reluctance to face up to a risk on our own
national account. Leaning on a co'lectivity
that includes many weak, inexperienced and
frankly selfish nations leads us into situa-
tions where we are reduced to the lowest
common denominator.
"Therefore, we have no alternati~1e to as-
serting our independent national will and
judgment, letting our associates as well as
our opponents know that on issues involving
our fundamental national security we are
capable of going our own way."
Thus, according to the old realism. of Mur-
phy, the United States of America, which
holds in its own destiny the decline or sur-
vival of freedom In our time, should not be
deterred from doing anything necessary to
that survival because other nations refuse
to hold its hand.
AID Administrator in Formosi, Makes
Headway by Emphasis on ;Private Ini-
tiative, Training of Local Managers,
and Self-Reliance as Essential Require-
ments of -Success in Achilevi,ng Eco-
nomic Development
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
of
HON. WALTER H. JUUDD
OF MINNESOTA IN THE: HOUSE OF REPRESE)cTSTIVES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. JUDD. Mr. Speaker, under the
During Mr. Haraldson's stay in Taiwan,
American aid pattern has changed. There
will be further changes. Now, it is the duty
of every Chinese, including all those in the
Government, to think actively of the future
and do something about it.
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT H. MICHEL
OF ILLINOIS
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. MICHEL. Mr. Speaker, I would
like to call the attention of my colleagues
to the following editorial in the Kokomo,
Ind., Tribune, of Sunday, September 23,
1962, concerning the Chambers-Roush
Race in Indiana's Fifth District and
under unanimous consent I insert it in
the Appendix section of the RECORD :
THE CHAMBERS-ROUSH RACE
National political attention will turn on
Indiana's Fifth District in the election this
November because of the close finish which
featured the congressional voting between
J. EDWARD ROUSH, Democrat, and George
Chambers, Republican, in 1960. The two
men are rematched for another test at the
polls.
Any contest that was as close as the one
2 years ago is bound to bring differences of
opinion as to whether it was decided rightly.
Chambers' friends feel he was, counted
out in 1960. They-point out that he had a
slim Margin of victory on the basis of returns
announced after the votes were counted over
the district, and they say that several curious
things happened following that announce-
ment.
One of these curious developments was
that Chambers was certified by two different
Indiana Secretaries of State as having been
duly elected. The first Secretary of -State
to so certify his election was John R. Walsh,
a Democrat. When Walsh was succeeded
by Charles O. Hendricks, a Republican, the
latter also formally certified Chambers as the
winner.
Then, of course, ROUSH contested the
election and the House of Representatives
In Washington decided to count the votes
over and named a subcommittee to conduct
the recount. Although Republican members
of this subcommittee signed its final report
declaring RouSH to be the winner by 99
votes, among several strange things they
questioned was the manner in which the
investigation of the election returns took
'place.
Several strange things took place in Wash-
ington. One of these was the maneuvering
by the Democratic leadership in the House
in regard to the Chambers-Roush case. A
paper which some Congressmen said was a
false certification was circulated among
Members ofthe House by Ralph Roberts, the
House Clerk, indicated that RousH was the
formally certified victor. It was on the basis
of this piece of paper that the House, on a
straight party line, refused to seat Chambers
when he presented himself to be sworn
in.
At the same time It was refusing to seat
Chambers, in January 1961, the House voted
to seat two Congressmen from other States
who, like Chambers, had been challenged.
They, however, were Democrats and their
politics appeared to have made a difference
to the Democratic-controlled House.
Agency is leaving Free China tomorrow.
will be long remembered as an outspoken
friend.
Indeed, no Government official could ever
question the views expressed by Mr. Harald-
son-that more vitality is need in Taiwan's
economy; that private industry should be
given the front seat instead of the present
secondary role; that consumption, especially
Government consumption, should be cut
down in favor of useful production; and that
Free China must need acquire a new set of
values and criteria If Free China wants to be
a modern, up-to-date country.
The Government officials here do not ques-
tion the wisdom of the Haraldson views.
But they do not like the blunt way he puts
it and says it so often. That Is why in the
past there have been arguments and discus-
sions.
The arguments and discussions will con-
tinue. Mr. Haraldson's departure by no
means means that his views have prevailed
and that Free China's economy has taken on
an abrupt change in favor of his beliefs. It
takes time. And we are confident his views
will gradually be driven home to all people
in Free China, resulting in beneficial mod-
ifications. -
It takes time. But the changes will come
to reside with us.
Mr. Haraldson is therefore leaving with
the satisfaction that someday somehow he
may see his travails prevail.
We say Mr. Haraldson is an outspoken
friend judiciously. Only a genuine friend
will care to give us his frank views and
criticisms with no malice intended. And
Haraldson is such aman. His honesty, in-
tegrity, and concern have never been ques-
tioned. On the other hand, they will always
be remembered.
In this connection, It is time for the free
Chinese to sit down and really think of the
role American aid has played in the giantish
economic reconstruction work here. Mr.
Haraldson says in his last press conference
in Taipei that he hopes to see free China
achieve economic self-sustaining in a few
leave to extend my remarks in the REC- years without having to rely on American
olio, I include the following editorial aid.
from the China News of Aug;us?i 8, 1962, Let's ask ourselves this question: Can we
commenting on the construct:.ve serv- do that? We have been talking about self-
ices in Taiwan of the Adnd nis trator of sufficiency for years. And all the while we
our AID program there these last 4 years, have been depending all the more on foreign
aid. As the situation now stands, self-
I}r. Wesley C.Haroldson, originally from sufficiency Is almost beyond our reach.
North Dakota and with a doctorate de- Something must be done and must be done
gree from the University of Minnesota. immediately. No nation in the world can
The editorial gives two important evi- afford to depend on foreign aid forever.
denceS of real progress in this difficult West Europe was helped by the Marshall plan
problem of how to achievf' maximum but West Europe today is in a position to
progress in newly developing countries: dole out economic aid to other developing
First, it shows the persistent emphasis of countries.
Of course, West Europe has always been
the American Administrator OIL the ne- technically and economically ahead of China.
cessity of the recipient country to do its , But that does not mean we should resign
utmost to move from reliance on out- ourselves to the fate of being an interna-
side help to reliance on i1s&..f. It is tional beggar for centuries to come.
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 Approved ForRelease 2004/03/31-? CIA-RPAAB00 46ROG02001400487
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD APPNDIX A7159
1962
'Cush Is AN AMERICAN PROBLEM"-NATIONS' Nations by voting a $100-million purchase of
Supported extension of corporate tax ARGUMENT AGAINST BLOCKADE CRITICIZED bonds to pay the expenses of U.N. armies in
and current schedule of excise taxes As FAULTY NEUTRALISM Africa. The President of the United States
liquor, cigarettes,' and so forth, and re- - (By David Lawrence) didn't say that the Congo mess was essen-.
peals 10 percent levy on rail and bus Maybe it will be a little easier now for tially an African problem.
fares. Maybe the charitable explanation of all
proposal raising temporary President Kennedy to understand why there's this is that neither the newspapers of Europe
Supported
limit much opposition in Congress to the for- nor the American Ambassadors there have
debt bt limit to accommodate defense cost. eign-aid bill. conveyed the whole story of how the people
Voted for increase on postal rates to Maybe it will be easier for the British Gov- of this country really feel about the Soviet
achieve sound Pos# Office Department e some to understand a demand that may infiltration and military buildup in Cuba.
fiscal Operations. come some day from the American people one reason for this may be because Presi-
Supported increased lending authority that American troops and also financial aid dent Kennedy and Secretary of State Rusk
of Small Business Administration for be withdrawn from Europe. have maintained a mistaken policy of
business and disaster loans. For no less a person than the member of silence. They haven't said a word publicly
Voted for bill requiring public dis- the British Cabinet who heads up the Tress- to the Government of the Soviet Union to
ury Department in London has just told an protest what it has done in Cuba. The re-
closure of identical bids on Government American audience on television that Cuba ported what it has d that the a. The e-
contracts. is "essentially an American problem," and Messrs. Kennedy and Rusk have insisted that
Voted for bill to make permanent a hence Britain couldn't pledge support for Mss so would "increase tensions" over Beat kade. harvesting n of the Soil Bank Act permitting of economic Secretary ofi St to Rusk lin. But tensions have increased now not
of hay on conservation reserve that Cuba is "an American problem." only over Berlin but over Cuba. The West
acreage under disaster conditions. But supposing the United States had said gives the impression of disunity, and the
Supported increase in rates of com- to the world that Vietnam was "essentially U.S. Government gives the impression of
pensation for service-connected disabled an Asian problem?" Supposing that Presi- timidity if not of fear to notify the Soviet
veterans. dent Eisenhower, instead of landing marines Union that it has deliberately interfered in
the Western Hemisphere and has assisted a
supported proposal to curb the usage in Lebanon, had said. the Soviet aggression deprive the
of the mails for the distribution of Com- in that area was "essentially sMuddle Kent Cuban dictatorship people to of their sovereign continue to to rights.
munist propaganda. problem?" And supposing A real opportunity has been missed by the
Voted against taxpayer funds being nedy had said in recent months that the Kennedy administration to make it clear
spent for subsidized electric power for fate of Berlin was "essentially a European everywhere that what has happened in Cuba
other the re- Euro- in the last 2 years is a world problem, and
and in been
preferential areas-Hanford project. acttion ion ac then in What London would have
that the aggression by the Soviets must be
Voted for extension of direct housing peak capitals?
time world.
loan program for veterans. Cuba is not "an American problem." It checked For this by the free
for neutralism either
During adjournment, I will be travel- is a world problem, because Soviet aggression is no ing in all the counties that make up the recognizes no geographical limits, The mili- by the smaller countries or by the larger
tary and economic sinews of Castro's govern- nations that regularly receive financial or
new Second District. The new area ment are being provided today by the Soviet economic or military aid from the taxpayers
Atchi-
Union, The United States rightly seeks _to of the United States.
contains the following counties:
eary,
G
ALLIES UN
Jackson, Leavenworth, Marsnan, INUILL- Secretary Rusk is meeting wire r urviga,
aha, Pottawatomie,' Riley, Shawnee, isters of various countries this week to per-
Wabaunsee, Washington, and the County suade them to help by requiring their ships
of Wyandotte outside of city limits of not to Cary cargoes to Cuba. But even Can-
Kansas City, Kan. ada-our next-door neighbor-has been hes-
itant to go along.
My aim will be to meet with as many Naturally, the businessmen in these coun-
people as possible in each county. While tries are opposed to any embargo on trade
your office in Washington will be open with Cuba. Will material interests and self-
as usual to take care of your inquiries ishness, however, prevail against a policy of
and requests, in adidtion for your sere- c eck t the he Soviet eo Union's ag Tess to?
Ho, l will k have in a Todistrict peka. . office
I hope you you gather in the 1930's caused the? collapse of
Hotel contact the economic blockade against Mussolini im-
will contact me at any time if you feel posed by the League of Nations. World Wax
we can be of assistance. It is no im- II came as a result of the Nazi belief in the
position or bother; our office is organized apparent disunity on our side.
with the aim of serving and w ?king for It already is being argued by some govern-
you. ments that their ships are under long-term
charter and can't be persuaded to withhold
v , x mat-
Commonsense Approach
Foreign Ai
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. CHARLES E. CHAMBERLAIN
of MICHIGAN
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, September 27, 1962
Mr. CHAMBERLAIN. Mr. Speaker,
the editorial section of last night's
Washington Evening Star contained two
such thoughtful treatments of the Cuban
situation that I am moved to include both
,tor?the RECORD. These articles, I be-
liev- summarize a growing call for a
commolltgi a , approach to not only
Cuba, but our '?ioreign aid program `and
our relations with those nations which
call themselves our allies.
The editorials follow:
ter of preserving the peace of the worla, the
larger interest should, of course, prevail. If
it doesn't, will not public opinion in the
United States tend to be less concerned about
threats by the Soviet Union to European
countries?
The whole future of foreign aid, moreover,
will be dealt a body blow if the principal na-
own obligation to help carry the financial
burden of America's troops in Europe and in
other countries. The taxpayers of the United
States will not long support such a one-sided
arrangement. Representative OTTO PASS-
MAN, of Louisiana, Democrat, who has led the
fight against the foreign-aid bill and suc-
ceeded in lopping off a sizable amount from
it in the House at this session, will gain
many more supporters next year if the Euro-
pean governments ignore Soviet military ag-
gression in this hemisphere and continue to
insist that the United States should pay
most of the cost of its military forces assem-
bled to check Soviet aggression in Europe,
Asia, and Africa.
Also, the U.S. Government has just dra-
matically come to the rescue of the United
ITED STATES OVER CUBA:
AMERICA'S EUROPEAN AND LATIN FRIENDS
ARE EXPECTED TO BE HURT MOST BY IT
(By William S. White)
A new and involuntary form of creeping
isolationism is arising in the free world.
This is a gathering spiritual isolation of the
United States from. most of its Western
Allies and most of Latin America In the mat-
ter of Castro Cuba.
This country, In effect is not only being
forced to stand substantially alone in deal-
ing with the Soviet Union's military penetra-
tion of this hemisphere in Cuba. We are
also being lectured in a rather supgrior tone
by our Allies about the foolishness of be-
coming "too excited" about Cuba. Much of
Western Europe thinks it knows more than
we do about the'degree of danger in our own
area.
Much of Latin America will not see the
danger at all-not yet. It is in the comfort-
able position of being able to refuse any real
cooperation with us in full awareness that
when attempts are made to export a bit of
Sovietization to its own soil we shall move
in as protectors.
The plain truth is that the United States
has never been put in a more galling posi-
tion. And even some of our good friends,
human nature being what it is, are not too
unhappy at seeing the powerful American
eagle's tail feathers being pulled. We are
not, however, the ones who will be most hurt
in the end by this, our Involuntary isolation.
We can take care of ourselves in this hemi-
sphere. Indeed, long since we could have
done so. We would have tossed Castroism
out of Cuba as a tin of annoying rubbish
from our backyard but for our desire to avoid
Allied criticism and anguished howls of "in-
tervention" from the same Latin American
nations we are safeguarding from the very
real "intervention;' of the Soviet Union.
The true sufferers, unless soon our Western
Allied friends and our Latin neighbors decide
to give us at least a minimum cooperation,
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 A716O Approved F le 13/at CLA RDP64B 6R000200140048-7
CIX September 27
will he those very Western Allies, ;hose very USO SQUADRON ADOPTION PaoGRAM, WICHITA without equal. The base is a positive and
Latin neighbors. FAI.LSS TEx., SERVING SHEPPARD AIR FORCE obvious part of the Wichita Falls commu-
The British, the Norwegians and others; BASE nity. There was a need to find a means for
who thus far refuse the pat:.en?iiy deter- In August 1962, the 26th Sheppard Air linking these two separates together and
mined appeals of Secretary of Slate Rusk Force Base squadron was adopted by the Colonel Taylor's plan and diligent supervi-
to halt shipping to Cuba, are giving many Hub, S. & Q. Clothiers, of Wichita Falls, Tex. sion brought it about.
fine legalisms for withholdin; even this This squadron was the newly organized The success of the program, according to
tepid 'act of support. After all, they say, 3775th School Squadron. General Moore, has made Sheppard Air
nobody is at war with Cuba; free trade is Since its inception in 1959, 26 Wichita Falls Base one of the most desired duty posts as
free trade, and so on. But they can awake business and civic organizations have become determined by Air Force personnel.
one day to find that in maintairing their sponsors for Sheppard squadrons ranging
right to this tinpot trade with Castro they from a small weather detachment group
have, so to speak, lost a much bigger cus- adopted by the First State Bank to the entire
tomer, the basic goodwill of tie people of SAC wing, adopted by the four ranchers:
the United States., W. T. Waggoner Ranch, Bridweil Hereford Needless War
The Latin Americans, in hanging back Ranch, T-Bone Ranch and Lake Creek
from any joint plan genuinely to seal off Ranch. - EXTENSION OF REMARKS
Cuba in this hemisphere, can awake and In April of 1959, the Wichita Falls Rotary of
find they cannot forever play both sides. Club extended a friendly hand to one of the
The multi-billion-dollar American ,aid In the squadrons at Sheppard Air Force Base in the HON. WINFIELD K. DENTON
Alliance for Progress does not come from the first of a series of efforts to bring Sheppard
pockets of the reformist types who are so airmen more into the life of the community of INDIANA
oddly understanding of Latin-American of Wichita Falls, and to acquaint the citi- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
hemming and hawing. It comes from the zens of the city with their military neighbors, Thursday, September 27, 1962
American people, through the American The program, sparked by the Wichita Fails
Congress. And the American Corgress al- USO, was conceived and promoted by Col. Mr. DENTON. Mr. Speaker, I have
ready is dangerously fed up with the elegant Floyd Taylor, retired, past chairman of the just returned from a hurried trip to the
sophistries of can't-do Allies and Latin area USO Committee and still active in USO Eighth District of Indiana, where I had
neighbors. Already, foreign- aid in any and programs. Maj. Gen. Thomas E. Moore, then the privilege of meeting with many of
every form is in trouble at the Capitol. The brigadier general, commanding officer at my constituents. One of the matters
time may, come when it is in deep and ir- Sheppard Air Force Base was most coopera- uppermost in many of their minds is
reparable trouble. tive on behalf of the squadron adoption
What profit to our Allies and Lat:.n neigh- concept and recognized it as an excellent that of Cuba.
bors if they win their li,tle argument about means to promote good public relations be.. I believe that this administration and
precedents and all that, but really do force tween the community and the base. On
the President of the United States are
us really to go it alone? numerous occasions General Moore and his following the right course in dealing
They would all be wise to make some effort staff have cited the squadron adoption pro- with Castro and his brand of commu-
better to understand the actual mood of gram for its favorable impact upon the per- nism. There are some who advocate in-
Congress and country. Cuba may be trivial sonnel at the base. vasion of the island. They are making
to them. But to Congress and ccuntry it Colonel Taylor's plan is this: Find the irresponsible statements and would not
Is far from that; and the present mood of right business or civic group in the com- be the ones who would have to be in the
bewildered anger can, without much more munity for the right squadron on base. In
provocation, become ugly indeed, from their adopting a squadron, leaders of the sponsor-? landing parties crossing the Cuban
viewpoint. Ingorganization and the squadron exchange beaches. The United States is attempt-
visits to determine the nature of the squad- ing to isolate Cuba from the rest of the
ron and of the organization. The visit's are free world. The passage of the Cuban
USO S uadron Adoption Pro rani Shep. themselves a type of indoctrination for resolution-by the Congress strengthens
(1 g ) p. mvmhor-c of ao..Y . T., , .w ,
_ __ ____, .? --. ~..., --?-- ---- ..-- w- -- auivrwa, the world that we, as a nation, are solidly
Tex. meetings, where military leaders explain the behind him. Force should be the last
mission of the squadron and .the business resort. There are other means which
people tell of their group and of the com-
EXTENSION OF REMARKS munity, usually :reveal many common can be and are being used by the United
or interests. States.
These exchanges soon result in the devel- I would like to call to the attention of
HON. GRAHAM PURCELL opment and promotion of such activities as my colleagues an editorial which ap-
oFTEXAS sightseeing .trips, concerts, rodeos, football peared In the September 23 issue of the
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES games, golf and bowling tournaments, special Evansville Sunday Courier & Press. It
social and holiday events, personal remem- ig ' ht t
th
Mr. PURCELL. Mr. Speaker, Shep- An interesting development to come out
yard Pur Force Base is located in my of the squadron adoption plan is the "Plant "Do something about Cuba," is an old cry.
congressional district at Wicllit,3 Falls, a tree at SAFB." Nearly 1,000 trees have In 1898 it got us into war with Spain, a
Tex., and I wish to bring to the attention been contributed by civilian and military war later found to have been totally unneces-sary. of the Members of Congress enc. to the donors in this plan developed by a former That episode of history is well worth
citizens of the United States an interest- promotion manager of the Wichita Falls bearing in mind these days.
frig program which has been developed Times Publishing Co. which sponsors the Stories of Spanish outrages in her Cuban
3770th School Squadron. The campaign colony had inflamed Americann. President
by the squadron adoption plan.. I par- was conducted in 1961 and 1962. McKinley demanded for C Spain revoke her
that
ticularly bring this to your atttntion be- Other sponsors of squadrons than those concentration camps for Cuban rebels. Spain
greed, and was also willing to grant an
cause of the unusual relationship that previously mentioned are: The Optimist aarm to
exists between the military (citizens of Club, Lions Club, Parker Square State Spain re r d the Cubans. Aug minister x-
Sheppard Air Force Base and tie civilian Bank, First Wichita National Bank, Univer- Spain reported that before August 1 he ex-
Citizens of our community. Mai. Gen. stty Kiwanis Club, Wichita Falls Kiwanis petted to get Spanish acceptance of any
Thomas E. Moore, commander, at; Shep- Club, City National Bank, junior chamber ence or the the rebels
cession might of ask, the even island indt the
yard Air Force Base, has found that commerce, Perkins-Timberlake Co., United to the
t States.
through the combined effort fo the civic Wichita County Bar Association, Sears, Roe- What more could we want? Yet "do some-
some-
through the c m the effort military the civic buck & Co., Whites Stores, Inc., Southwest thing" Senators and newspapers had so
Rotary Club, Southwestern Bell Telephone worked up public opinion and Congress that
organizations and pe:-sOnnel of the Wichita Falls area, it has en- Co., Texas Electric Service Co., McClurkan's these wanted war at all costs. President Mc-
hanced the desirability of being con- Department Store, Business and Professional Kinley, who did not want war, could have
nected with that particular be~se and is Women's Club (adopted the WAF squad- stood in the way. His rugged predecessor,
thus reflected in the high morale of the ron), Fedway Department Store, KSYD-TV Grover Cleveland, probably would have done
Air personnel. channel 6, Marchman Hotel, and Robert so. McKinley, lacking Cleveland's iron, gave
Force Seabury Homes. way and the clamorous had their war.
The USO squadron adoption p:'ogram Out of the squadron adoption plan has The war was costly in money and in lives,
is as follows: developed a community-base relationship the latter mostly by disease In unsanitary
.Approved For Release 2004/03/31 : CIA-RDP64B00346R000200140048-7
e point, and deserving of
Thursday, September 27,1962 brances of birthdays, sickness, weddings, and en O
even death attention:
 Approved For Re ( / 1 ? CIA-RDP64B00346R000200140048-7
l+V~" S~(] AT. RFfYIUT' - A fnr_-kri T'-
A7161
presumably under "effective American con- being built or were on order for Russia on
trol?" We hope that the Joint Chiefs of March 1, 1962. Of these, Yugoslavia had
Staff and the Maritime Administration *Will contracted to build 14 tankers, Japan 6,
give Senator MAGN-vsoN their fullest co- Italy 6, and Sweden 1; Denmark had con-
operation, tracted to build 3 freighters and Japan 1;
Even If the Bonner amendment should be Denmark had contracted to build 4 miscel-
removed from the foreign aid bill in con- laneous vessels and West Germany 2. Since
ference, we urge you to enforce the princi- the Marine Engineering/Log survey ap-
ple by Presidential directive. According to peared, the Soviet news agency Tess reported
press reports, between 50 and 60 ships in- that Russia has si fed
-- v-- --- wuLCrl
3F. we aid not want, and which Immediately
engaged us in a 3-year guerrilla war. Our
possession of the Philippines was one reason
for Pearl Harbor.
The lesson,, ox 1898 is pertinent in 1962.
" Do something" can be a costly cry, when
those who utter it have no responsibility
for what happens afterward.
cluing vessels flying the British, a a contract to build
West Ger- nine more tankers and five freighters in
man, Italian, Greek, Yugoslav, and Liberian Yugoslav yards. According to recent press
Amendment to the Foreign Aid Bill That flags have traded with Cuba recently, and reports, Japan has signed a contract to con-
at least one Yugoslav ship, the M. V. Drzicstruct another $96 million worth of Soviet
Would Deny U.S. Aid to Any Country is scheduled to load Government-financed vessels-five 12,000-deadweight-ton freight-
era
Whose Ships Have Carried Arms or foreign aid cargo in Houston on September tankers.
and twelve 35,000-deadweight-ton
28. An unidentified German shin that was tankers.
Str
t
i
M
t
i
The betrayal of our interests in Cuba by
foreign shipowners casts new doubt on the
wisdom of depending on runaway-flag ships
for our security. While our military plan-
ners undoubtedly feet that If they can't have
American_-a..,.
d i_______ .. .__ _
e
aid cargo to them, it is y ~V t ships, there "isf reasons to believe dthatn Somy
other ships that have taken certain that of those advising our Government to rely
Communist buildup in Cuba wilrt in l be ap- on flag-of-convenience vessels may have
proved for American aid cargo unless a spe- been motivated by the desire for personal
cific directive is issued banning them from Profit, rather than by the best Interests of
our aid program. the United States
,
MY DEAR MR. PRESIDENT; According to press While there is Justifiable concern now In this connection, we believe that a care-
ess over the use of NATO and runaway-fla
reports, the House of Representatives ha
shi
s fur
i
ous
H
re
g
p
s
rev
ew of the ptit
as assocaions of some
proved an
dmexat
the foreign aid in the Cuban trade we should not overlook persons now holding high Government oi-
bill that would ,deny U.S, aid to any country the extensive use of vessels registered under fice will show active participation in runa-
whose ships have carried admo or strategic these flags in the Communist oil trade, a way-flag operations, a fact that we believe
whose ships ps have We erms or str tegic Practice that has contributed to the Soviet to constitute a serious confict of interest. Represe materials t$ o Cuba, nee and
rsee the adman- economic offensive against the free world. The use of NATO and runaway-flag ships
ti P Y' titration to support it in the Senate. The names and flags of registry of 145 ships for the Communist buildup in Cuba, the
We also ondorse the that have sailed alternately in the C6mmu- failure of our foreign allies and friends to
amendment submitted fist and the American oil import trades was Stop this trade, and the construction in
by Representative BONNER that would ban reported to the President's Petroleum Study Italian and Japanese yards of Communist
any ship carrying wan supplies or economic Committee by the American Maritime Asso- merchant ships, reinforces our conviction
goods to Cuba from entering a U.S. port to ciation last April, along with the suggestion ship-
pick up foreign aid cargo. that these ships should be barred from car- that when the chips are down, the only
Mr. Speaker, the correct amendment vying American oil imports. Nothing has ping the United States can depend on is the
to section 107 is s as follows: On page been done yet to implement this propsal. American merchant marine.
fi, after the C as in line 17, iri- Since petroleum is a strategic commodity, foreign Policies that
fleets while encourage the restricting the Be dethe de en-
it would seem to be in our interest to deny vel-
sert the following, "or for any ex- the Communists the use of free world tankers opment of American shipping is not, in our
penses of transportation, directly or to carry oil, where possible. We suggest that opinion, in the interest of the United States.
indirectly, by merchant marine ships of a big step toward accomplishing this ob- We therefore urge you to review our un-
any nation whose ships are used to trans- jective can be taken by blacklisting from the fortunate dependence on runaway-flag ship-
port any military or economic supplies carriage of American oil imports all foreign ping, the misadministration of the cargo
that
to rhat regime,", tankers that have participated in the Com- preference laws, and the State Department's
that permitting these ships to m~est ships trade. apparent partiality to foreign shipping at the
carry our aid cargo prepresents ermitting these the use of ps used in the oil import program expense of American-flag operations, and to
are chartered by American oil companies order changes in existing policies that will
American foreign aid dollars to subsidize with import rights. These include com- guarantee the development of a strong
Communist shipping, and that the use of panies that have lost their holdings in Cuba American-flag merchant fleet.
foreign ships in the carriage of Communist and others whose rates and sales are threat- Sincerely yours,
cargo releases Russian ships and permits ened by Communist price cutting. Interest- J. M. CALNOON,
them to concentrate on more strategic ob- ingly enough, though, the owners of some Secretary-Treasurer, National MEBA.
jectives. We can't understand why foreign of the runaway-flag ships, like Niarchos, are NOTE.-The context of the legislation
ships that transport cargo for our enemies operators who have built their vessels be- amended by Mr. BoNNEa in section 107 is as
and jeopardize our security and the stability cause they have been guaranteed import follows: "None of the funds in this title
of"Latin America should be rewarded by the cargo by American oil companies,
LF.S. Government with cargoes financed b
whi
t' We also wish to call your attention to try, try, the be available government for of which
sells is aranyms, am, am-
-
.4,inerican taxpayers. the fact that countries receiving the U.S. munition, or implements of war to the Cas-
We also urge you to support the investi- aid, as well as several NATO countries, are tro regime, or which furnishes, by grant or
gation of Shipping to Cuba that was launched building ships for the Soviet Union, thereby loan, any military or economic aid to that
over the past weekend by Senator MAGNUSON. freeing Russian shipyards to construct sub- regime, or for any expenses of transporta-
We believe it is, vital to ascertain which marines and other warships. According to tion directly or indirectly by merchant ships
fps have beers?rading with Cuba and to the reliable maritime industry publication of any nation whose ships are used to trans-
- 1st o unhealthy dependence on ves- Marine Engineering/Log, 27 tankers, 4 port any military or economic supplies to
sa ng under runaway Sags that are freighters, and 6 miscellaneous vessels were that regime.
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a
eg
c
a
er
als to Cuba
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
in Cuba recently also is bound for Corpus The United States wisely prohibits the ex-
Cliristi to load aid cargo. We urge you to Port of strategic materials to the Communist
direct the Department of Agriculture to dis- bloc. Many of our NATO allies observe a
approve these charters, and any future char- similar policy. Tanker tonnage, in our opin-
ters for shi
s th
t
p
a
carry military suli on is as importttt
ppes,an sraegically as many
HON. HERBERT C, BANNER or economic goods, other than drugs or medi- items on the prohibited list. In light of the
or tines, to Cuba. danger to our security resulting from the con-
We CAltorIl?n We understand documented information struction of Soviet tankers in free world
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESANTATIVES has been sent to you identifying the Yugo- yards; we urge you to apply economic pres-
T1t rsday, September 27 1962 Slav ship SS Mflet, the Greek ship SS Paean sure on any country that accepts contracts to
, and the Liberian-flag ship SS Galicia as build Soviet merchant ships, including the
Mr, BONNER. Mr. Speaker, under recipients of American aid cargo despite the suspension of U.S. economic aid, if necessary,
leave to extend my remarks in the REC- fact that they have been trading with Cuba, to enforce this program.
and th
e Greek ship SS Pegasus as another
Oh S, I include the following letter ad_
dressed to the President of the United despite the fact that it has been trading with
Communist States by Mr. J. M. Calhoon, secretary- of Agricultua admittedly does otc he keto
treasurer of the Marine Engineers' see whether foreign ships have been trading
Beneficial Association, ' with Cuba or other Communist enemies of
AATioscar. MaLWE ENGINEERS'
P-ESICl.AL ASSOCIATION,
New York, N.Y., September 24, 1962.
The Honorable Jolla F. KENNEDY,
President of the United States,
The White House.
 A7162
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD APPENDIX er- 27
Alliance for Progress Is On the More in rived, we were greeted by a large group of
townspeople. They had formed an 'Asoci-
Panama acior de Padres de Familias,' a sort of jungle
i?TA. They had recruited volunteers to out
EXTENSION OF' REMARKS
of
HON. DANTE B. FASCELL
OF FLORIDA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Thursday, September 6, 1962
Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, C am
proud to call to the attention of m.,r col-
leagues an article from the Miami Herald
under the date of September 8, 1962,
which describes the soundly conceived
and well-coordinated efforts of a :Troup
of Miamians to get the Alliance for Pro-
gress program underway in Panama.
The article follows:
[From the Miami (Fla.) Herald, Sept. 8,
1962)
IT TAKES PEOPLE, NOT JUST DOLLAI,S--MIAMI
TEASIWORK GIVES ALIANZA A F us: t
(By Bert Collier)
The Alliance for Progress is not merely
dollars; It is people.
This is the proposition that guides a team
of North Americans, nearly all of them
Miamians, In getting the Alliance on toe road
to enthusiastic acceptance in Panama,
The team is headed by Norman Giller,
Miami Beach architect appointed by the State
Department last February, to direct a large
segment of the Alliance program in Panama-
the construction of schools, medical clinics
and two major hospitals.
In Mr. Giller's mind, this was riot to be a
question of-finding sites, drawing plans, let-
ting contracts and making sure that speci-
fications were met. The Alliance has a
broader perspective than blueprints.
"We felt that perhaps our services might
provide a little light in the guidance and
development of the people of this country,"
he says.
"The ,schools and hospitals we had been
down trees so that trucks could bring build-
ing materials to the site."
At another village where the Alliance peo-
ple arrived on July 3, they found the teacher
displaying the American flag and instructing
her small charges in the meaning of July
Fourth in the United States.
In yet another the townspeople declared a
holiday and halted all activity so they could
properly welcome "Los hombres de Allanza
Para El-Progreso."
As a result of all this grassroots prepara-
tion, the program is rapidly taking form.
Alliance funds will build about 60 schools,
Panama furnishing the land, preliminary site
preparation and some materials.
There soon will be medical facilities, rang-
ing from small clinics where a nurse or
medical aid can "live in" and supervise
patients In a few beds, to large regional hos-
pitals and health centers specializing in ma-
ternal and child care. (Some parts of
Panama have infant mortality rates as high
as 50 percent.)
- There will be agricultural institutes where
peasants may learn Improved farming meth-
ods.
There are blueprints for these buildings
now, and architectural renderings. The
trucks are beginning to roll and the sound of
the bulldozer is heard in the Panama back
country. In the minds of the people it is
associated with the Alianza, a means of help-
ing them to a better life. The progress in
Panama Is making this a pilot program for
other Latin countries.
"This project Is so vast," says Mr. Giller,
"that it takes a large amount of planning
before it can be pulled together and work
can begin.
"But in Panama it is beginning to move so
that the ordinary citizen can see things
happening in his village and on his street.
"This is when the Alliance will begin to
bear fruit, when people can visualize its
meaning in terms of what is happening to
them.,
something that was going to re,present the
people. We were not buildin; ';hem as
monuments of brick and mortal; To build
a building that doesnt' live Is useless and a
waste Of money."
Before a-plan was made or a drawing board
bought, Mr. Oilier and his 25 bilingual as-
sociates tot out to know Panama and Pana-
manians. They have traveled hur.dreds of
miles over some of the roughest country on
earth---by jeep, horseback, mo;orboat, In-
dian canoe and on foot through the jungles.
They have talked to hundreds from President
Roberto Chiari to simple peasants and In-
dians in remote villages.
The Alliance program that is raking shape
Is a synthesis of the needs discovered in these
intimate contacts.
Mr. Giller and the resident project man-
ager, Sven Speyer of Coral Gables, visited one
village in western Panama. "Word had got-
ten around that the Alliance people were
coming," said Giller, "and it wasn't the
written word. An Indian teacher had come
down from the hills, a 2-day walk. He had
heard we had something to do with helping
the schools.
"He said the people had buil)t a hut for a
school and he was trying to teach. the chil-
dren, but had no books, no paper', no pencils."
,Fortunately the Alliance had contributed
200,000 schoolbooks to Panama and a supply
was on hand in the office of the district school
'superintendent. The Indian dopa: ted with a
knapsack full of supplies
The Miamians inspected a proposed school
site 100 miles outside Panama City. "For the
last 4:0 miles the jungle was so think we went
by horseback," said Giller. "When we ar-
Arab League Discriminates Against
American Entertainer
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. JAMES ROOSEVELT
OF CALIFORNIA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Friday, August 31, 1962
Mr. ROOSEVELT. Mr. Speaker, the
September 26 issue of Variety contains
an article relating to the Arab League's
ban on the records and films of Frank
Sinatra. I am compelled to protest the
completely unwarranted action of the
League in singling out for abuse and
damage a prominent American citizen
whose only objective was to help needy
children.
The news article follows:
[Front Variety, Sept. 26, 19621
SINATRA DISAPPOINTED HE MIGHT BE PENALIZED
FOR AIDING CHILDREN
Following a report that the Arab League
has banned Frank Sinatra's films and disks
in Arab countries because of his activities In
Israel during a recent world tour, Sinatra
yesterday issued the following statement.
"If it is true, I am deeply disappointed
that statesmen anywhere would condemn
anyone for aiding children of whatever faith
or origin.
Approved For release 20fl4103131'
"In Israel, my recent tour there was tom
raise money for an interfaith youth center
in Nazareth, a primarily Arab center, where
the recipients will be primarily Arab children.
"My world tour, which included Israel, was
dedicated to benefiting children of all faiths.
I had hoped that adults everywhere had
one thing in common-a love for all chil-
dren."
Sinatra visited Israel during April, May,
and June of the tour last year at his own
expense. He raised more than $2 million in
benefit performances.
Scholarly Findings
EXTENSION OF REMARKS
OF
HON. ROBERT L. F. SIKES
OF FLORIDA
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
Wednesday, September 12, 1962
Mr. SIKES. -Mr. Speaker, a few weeks
ago the House Armed Services Subcom-
mittee No. 3 headed by the Honorable F.
EDWARD HEHERT rendered a report on its
study of the military Reserve posture.
This outstanding work was prepared
after lengthy and detailed hearings
which uncovered deficiencies In the Re-
serve program. Instead of agreeing to
a reduction in strength of the Reserves,
as the Pentagon recommended, the sub-
committee urged in the national inter-
est that the Department of Defense cor-
rect the deficiencies in the program. I
believe with the members of the commit-
tee that the Reserves should be kept at
full strength because of the critical
world situation which finds Berlin a
powder keg and the Communists in Cuba
only 90 miles from my home State. In
connection with the Hebert study, the
Reserve Officers Association, the No. 1
supporter of the Reserves, carries in its
monthly magazine; The Officer, for
October the following editorial which
praises the honesty and intelligence of
the report:
SCHOLARLY FINDINGS
Several rather shrill editorials indorsing
the Reserve cutback program offered by Sec-
retary McNamara strengthen us in our coil-
viction that the scholarly and fully docu-
mented report of the Hebert committee is a
national defense epic.
From the beginning we were convinced
that Representative F. EDWARD HESERT, whose
record reveals him as a legislator equipped
by nature, training and inclination to be
fully objective and independent, would
produce a factual study.
Mr. HESERT represents an intelligent con-
stituency and. he has so well established him-
self politically that he needed to court or ap-
pease neither voters nor the party leaders.
He had experience on his side, and his long
service as. a newspaperman equipped him
peculiarly to cope with the propaganda with
which every critic of the great and would-
be great in Washintgon is usually deluged.
Furthermore, Mr. HESERT had available to
-him for sage counsel the House's one real
expert In military legislation, Representative
CARL VINSON who for 48 years has sat on
the committees dealing with the military
and who, it is said, "has forgotten more
about the military than most people learn
in a lifetime." Of course, Mr. VINSON has
not forgotten what he has learned; his re-
markable memory Is favorably comparable
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