LETTER TO HONORABLE ALLEN W. DULLES FROM CLARKE AND RAPUANO

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP63T00245R000100170020-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 24
• Document Creation Date: December 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 31, 2004
• Sequence Number: 20
• Publication Date: October 20, 1955
• Content Type: LETTER

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GILMORE D. CLARKE-MICHAEL RAPUANO
CONSULTING ENGINEERS AND LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTS
145 EAST 32nd STREET
NEW YORK 16
-r 20, 1955
Central Tatefligence Agency
L 250 DO ce
You directed us to make a study of certain suggested
headquarters building for the Central Intelligence
Le we have done and we present herewith our findings.
Fo the report appended herewith, we shall submit,
, appendices to it to cover, in some deta, the factual
cti automobile traffic arteries, water supply, sewage
telephone. electric light and power services.
Agency Staff;
,his opportunity to thank all those, outside of
entral Intelligence Agency, who assisted us in this study.
Very truly yours,
Our appreciation to Deputy Director
Clarke and Rapuano
Mbmore D. Clarke
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ce Agenc
the
,e Central Intelligence Agency
REPORT ON THE PROPOSED LOCATION
FOR A NEW HEADQUARTERS FOR THE
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AC NCY
we with a request from the Director of the
a prepared this report, with rec~
Aresee+d
peace among the free nations
functions in all parts of the world i., as a
a aig
much as
ent fact
. It is Mr under
, portant fact-gathering Organization. In these circcu stances, we believe
d provide
upon a suitable site
d setting
should be set apart frown t1a buildings of other public a,encies in order
1perative security n easures
IUSTORY OF THE C
with the least effort and expense.
' A ENC
er to help us better to understand the problem,
brief history of the C. I. A.
prepared by a member of 1
incorporate it herewith in this report.
Central Intelligence Agency w a
iinteUig e
rowth of the
perlenc a of World Iaar U and particularly the
:1 investigal
into the surprise attack at Pearl
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iarbor. The aim was to ca
responsibility in one place. No such func!
Government before World War IL Its formal beginni
was an executive order of January ZZ, 194, creating
Central Intelligence Group. After a period of consideration
by the Congr
Central Int ellig enc e A
stablished by erection 102 of the National Security Act
of 1947.
functions in the Executive Order am
statute are substantially the same, but under the statute
the former Group became an dependent Executive Agency
of the Administrative Branch of the Govern
stated that, for the purpose of coordinating the intelligence
activities of the several Government departments and agencies
in the interest of national security. it shall be the duty of the
Agency, under the direction of the Nation
xncil,
to advise and make recommendations to the National Secu
Council on intelligence activities relating to nation
to correlate and. evaluate intelligence relating to nation
security, and to provide for its appropriate dissemination
to perform additional services of common. concern to the
igence agencies; and such other functions and duties
related to intelligence as the Nati
.curity Council may
direct. The Agency is prohibited from any lase-enforcems
police, or internal-security fun
the departs
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once agencies are continued by statute in the
9. However, the Director of Central Intelligence
r protecting intelligence sources an,
authorized disclosure.
The Agency has now evolved from a a
cup into its full stature in the cortex field of foreign
e. In so doing, it has become a most un tssu l
and complicated organization. Its end products are national
net estimates to assist the President and his top-
policy planners in
their decisions for the future of
the country. Such estimates must be based. an the rn.+
complete and most up-t
rotation available. Any
cation, or person may be the subject of an estimate
involved in most estimates. The mechanical
cllection, handling, indexing, dissemination. and analysis
sa a formidable task and requires many specialists
and special equipment. The evaluation process brings to bear
the best informed and most expert knowledge in the Government
e vast amount of available information before an evaluation
problems under consideration. This is again formidable-
a process of coordination requiring the interrelation of all
governmental intelligence facilities. All of this work is
pe
eampl
ed behind a
.tes the probie
on of security, which additic
coordination and communications.
Elaborate compartmentation is necessary both for
for individuals to a degree far greater than in. any other activity,
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r private, and yet this coaipartmentation must
.e free and rapid flow of information
who have a need for it. Many subjects cann
be discussed on the telephone so that coordinating
equi
be within convenient distance. Documents may no
:tended and must be escorted in transit.
es unusual amounts of vault and safe space and
. Cyaf
ary tr
secu
each component within the site
unauthorized entry.
oxide assur:
The Central intelligence Agency has a heavy res
to the national defense and security;
c for of
Central Intelligence bears the final responsibility for the
national intelligence mission. To m
zation in which the pri
able,,
tly as their surroundings will permit and unnecessary
involves a
eed is, o
ative personnel. But, the people can work
delay in physical processing may have serious resul
to coordinate in a timely manne
a security compromise may have grave consequences.
,qtly, the plarming for and design of housing for this
Agency present problems that would not be encountered
other building, public or private.
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347.
Ova the
be reqai
wk
that e t _ atUve.
d4 bave
I to prepare ar
to A - ,
Due* In the
area Uving,
4, 000 *ot s - . adeqwA
Zero a e.
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5
be secess"y t
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consideration was narrowed to six and subseque
inspected the six sites and certain others
esideration.
o. Nevertheless,
r judgment, were
one or both members of this firm visited the sites which
set the established criteria and subsequ
of the staff of the Agency the advantages and the d
site.(See Map #1)
On Wednesday, September 21, we conducted a hearing at the Head-
quarters of the Agency at which time we listened to the proponents of four of the
dch received
serious consideration. The proponents of each one
of these sites were cooperative in giving us dat
e might be informed concerni
form of inapt an
ilems of each one of these
result of our studies, we also narrowed our consideration
to two sites; the o
Langley. Virginia and the other, known as the Wier
e, situated in the City of Alexandria along
hway approximately
vest of Seminary Road, Both of these sites were inspected in
field on several, occasions and problem
selves
to
era and, more particularly, to the physical character of the sites
re given the most careful study. We discussed the problems
related to the development of these two sites with a member, or members, of
the staffs of the C. I. A. and the National Capital Plan nnin
LOCATI
of the National Capital Regional Planning Council.
ESIDENCES OF STAFF MEMBERS
one of the most important factors that merits especially care:
consideration is the relationship between the places of residence of the employees
C. I. A. and the proposed headquarters site. We were reliably informed
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annual turn-over of eploy
other govern
considering
is aubstautts
encciess, taken for the body of
for any other ever
saes, the turn-over
t agency. A large percentage
of these staff members own their own homes and they have more or loss dedicated
themselves to service with the C. LA. until retirement even though they are not
under the Civil Service regulations. Since this is a highly specialized area of
endeavor, the staff members are especially well qualified and, in most cases,
. hly trained for service with this Agency. In the circ
East, 7%; Southwest,
which the majority may reach the headquarters site is an important
governing its selection.
We find that the places of residence (See Map #2) of both staff and
a1 employees are distributed at the present time as follows: In the District
of Columbia- Northwest. 37%; NorthEasst,
50% of the employees. In the State of Vi
County, 8%; City of Alexandria,
Arlington County,
uce Uiam, County, .04%;
County, ., 02%; for a total of 31, b% of the employeess. In the State of
Montgomery County, Ibis; Prince George County, 7%; City of
Arundel County, . 1 for a total of 18.4% of the employees.
We learned that 550% of all the employees
rr.ied employees own their own homes.
Based upon these data,
at less than for
ogees as a whole. In
A and that 2576
more
convenient for the employees of the C. I.A,. to reach the Langley site, following
the construction of the highway, parkway, and related improvements, including
supply and sewage disposal, that are essential before this site can be
d be for them to reach the Wier or, in fact, any other
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consideration. In the case of the Winkler site, for example, a
n the District of Columbia would be forced to pass through
g and evening.
ason network at the busiest hours of the
with the traffic going to and departing
Pentag
I &I Highway has now more than reached its capacity. and,
as far south as King Street, it will still be inadequate to
e concentrated peak load that would result fra
3, 000 automobiles of the C. LA. Headquarters staff dur
DESCRIPTION OF THE LANGL
The Langley site in situated in Fairfax County and consists of 140 acres
of a acre tract owned by the Federal Government. The center of this large
tract of land to approximately 7- I /Z miles, as the crow flies,
tone. The westerly boundary is along Ti
un the northe
easterly boundary is the Potomac River and borders private lands fr
River to the Leesburg Read, which
of this tract are under th
iction of th
ndary. /67S-
rks Service and extend
slong the wooded banks of the Potomac River extending back from the River a
distance of More than 1, 000', an area that will accommodate C*MfOrtAN
of the George Washington Memorial Parkway. The remainder of the
rising S$,Z
acres, is under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Public
is agency has developed a small part of the center of the site as a
eh laboratory.
of the Bureau has expressed a willingness to
relinquish the use of 140 acres of the tract, now under the Bureau's jurisdiction,
for the development of the C. 1. A. Headquarters,
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the C. LA. Headquarters should be situated on this site, it will
occupy part of a Government Reserves
582 acres. Any development for
the C. LA. within this site will be such that a wide belt of forest 1=4 will be
left around the periphery in a manner aiding to provide the desiir,
it is safe to as*ume that the proposed C.I.A. 140 acre tract
governmental property, will be enclosed with a security fence.
this larger
0 2191 above mean sea
The soil conditi
esslty of using piles.
dfffe
in elevation within the area
utilised by the architects in the development of the site as to take fun advantage
ACCESS TO THE LA GLEY SITE
The principal access to the site from the Distric'
e Leesburg Road (Route 123); this artery is now inadequate.
essary, as contemplated in Public Law 161
- 1st Sea sion - HR 6829) to extend the George Washington M*mwW
Parlay from. its present terminus at Spout Run, approximately 3/4 of a mile
been completed. Monies have been made available to start
parkway, providing for a total of four lanes (two in each
idge, to the Langley site. It is understood that preliminary
burg Road from the Chain Bridge and the junction of
.d to the site. This road should be developed ultimately as a separated
e artery and Chain Bridge should be widened to provide for six lanes with
o the proposed new du
e east side of the -tomac River.
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9
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of the pro
situated j
d the Washington Metropvlit
crossing o:
an element in
Counties in the State of Maryland. ca0assiecting with a second crossing of
the Potomac via the proposed Jones Point Bridge i edia el
;reek.
p Freeway, a part of the Inters
bridg
the city
is completed the Langley site will be situated close to the Virginia
of the Cabin John Bridge crossing and hence make th,
essible from all points in the States of Maryland
as from the District of C+ nmbla. Until such time as the Outer Loop is constructed,
the Ion
ey site, inasmuch as it will serve the C.I.A. Headquarters,
Parkway, reaching up to the site along the west
bank of the Potomac. will prove to be adequate as a means of access to and egress
rge W
Spout Ran. When the Outer Loop is constructed,
due to the additional traffic that will be generated, to build
traffic lane on the northbound drive between the Langley site and the proposed Cabin
~n Bridge, and an additional traffic lane on the southbound drive between the site
rder adequately to move the automobiles off of the site in
via an appropriate
crossing elution structure over or
parkway. With the initial construction of the park
iect that we have designated for an ultimate width of three lanes
be graded to acco
three lanes; only two need be construe
iime as the Cabin John Bridge is built.
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ex
the :strict a:
posed dual highway along the old Baltimore
the proposed outer loop freeway at the Cabin John Bridge crossing of the Potomac.,
will afford an additional artery of co
between the Langley site and the
center of the National apitasl and thus provide the site with an additional arterial
e 14ouse, the Pentagon and the State Department.
,ia it will, become necessary, ultimately,. to improve Route 1Z3
that leads directly from the Langley site, at its junction with the :t ,eesburg Road
(Route 193), to and through M, c.Lean, Lewins ille and Tysons Corner, where it
crosses the Leesburg Pike (Route 7).
A related improvement that will serve as an added measure of assistance
otive travel, for those
n the Langley site and the District of
proposed widening of the Francis Scott Key Bridge from four
ach direction) and the proposed connections between this br
and the George Washington Memorial Parkway. These improvements will
measurably help those who may travel between the. center of the Capital City
Langley.
detail the
ix t'_ '
the National Park Service), that will connec
ay and freeway network extending southerly from
up, attached to this report, sets forth in mar
tore and requirements related to arterial matters.
DEVELOPMENT THE LANGLEY SITE
Now that the Bureau of Public Roads has indicated its willingness to
the C. 1. A. 140 acres of land out of the tract under its jurisdiction at
the coverage of structures an this 140 acre tract will. be e=eei
negligible in relation to the total government. reservation of
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R40 acre pme
a of
o is =are 1a a ;
C. L A. by of
LA.
ma at ** 1,
t**VUY cm,
nber of ev*eyegm (over
11 parcent of the *rqA*ye*a at present
use the parkway In a to and r r
ot whedwr mw* Man a very few of the
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12
Wore
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Ow =ODA 4
largest 3 r.
-: rs"t
auf
an to **Ring,
a fang w
live VIM
Lod
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1
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ass the
pr
t pu
County
zoning scheme as at present planned, then thee: need be no cause for concern.
a as the C.1. A.
ld not be mad
C
c Board Supervisors of the
C, !. A. is a desirable nei
e C, LA. to Fairfax County
under its own responsibilities".
,ROVZME
offered
Lde in Fairfax County, by reason
tte(
tim,
e County. If
e of Fair.
course
t side of the Potomac River to the proposed Cabin
Se Crossing before the Ct. A .. -ressed its intention to build a new
;ley site is selected the par'
have been. The
other hli
utility improver
related to water supply for the leer site has been the
ass tired Col
y on
parts We have ass
information contained in Mr$ James
White
Earl of Appe
task seriou
halo but become a distinct
d more detailed data to
4, 1955;
'se letter to
titter. Mr;
adequacy of the water supply that the
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site. See
1*4 to a iSpGs-jI fir the"
y on Oux par!
imestmbled additional data to
-ends for such sorvic a at
cages
here Ike Countj
by Mr. arlt - C.
she
subject.
?aI G1 T AND POWElk
:utllv* of
cases but on they did *9
d
as related to
er . the c#t
aidaratle" t
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W ' I tract. The cif r 1erati tt do with the physical
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He
Natim's most t
*11L It 'W
Lars, WO
a oft*. h
r
lands t-wo sides
government land to the l
td dewng
rye as a protect** ff
,.a
dd deal&bte f a c t o r .
Agency is divisim
additlawl
Away
In
.e raw buildings
Ike this site of
kingto r etr tt
M&OU the eaa%ished criteria. We uji;
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APPENDIX J
Congressional References
1. Military and.Naval Construction Act (P.L.,82-155, September
28, 1951). For CIA building authorization in the amount
of $38,000,000 see Title IV, Sec. 401, under the cover
of the Secretary of the Air Force. There was no testi-
mony by CIA witnesses on this bill. (This authorization
was repealed by Sec. 511, P.L. 84-161).
See also: a. Report, No. 767, from the House Armed
Services Committee, July?26, 1951. Report
notes (p. 19) that all projects in Sec. 401
are classified; therefore, there is no specific
reference to CIA construction which was ap-
proved under Air Force cover.
b. Report, No. 727, from the Senate Armed
Services,Committee, September 4, 1951.
Report notes (p. 16) that all projects in
Sec. 401 are classified; therefore there is
no specific reference to CIA construction
which was approved under Air Force cover. (-r ~ ?n, ~~.>
ll.n N.
c. Report, No. 1036, from the Senate Appro-
priations Committee, October 18, 1951
(to accompany H.R. 5650, Second Supplemental
Appropriation Bill, 1952).
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d. Conference Report,' No. 1226, October 20,
1951, (Senate and House Appropriations Com
mitteesconferees). (To accompany H.R. 5650).
2. Military Construction Act of 1955 (P L. 84-161, July 15, 1955).
For authorization to construct a CIA headquarters installation,.
see Title IV, Sec. 401 and Title V:, Secs. 501, 502 A' 504.
See also: a. Hearings, Military Public Works Construction,
May-June 1955, before the Subcommittee on
Real Estate and Military Construction of the
Senate Committee on Armed Services. For CIA
testimony, June 7, 1955, see pp. 536-549.
(Testimony before the. House Armed Services
Committee on this subject was in.executive
session and not printed) 76
Report, No. 865, from the House Armed
Services Committee, June 20, 1955. Committee
approval at pp. 14,-17 in the amount of
$56,000,000.0
c. Report, No. 694, from the Senate Armed
Services Committee, June 30, 1955. Committee
approval at pp. 2, 14-15, 16 in the amount
of $53,500,000. ~c r~tcc.~ //./r'? fie' J~
d. Conference Report, House No. 1083, July 7,
1955, (Senate and House Armed Services Com-
mittees conferees). Approval at pp. 28-29
C7d-.4~J''? '~'~ ~,
in the amount of $55,000,000.
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3. Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1956 (P.L. 84-219, August
4, 1955). For CIA building partial appropriation, see
Chapter III.
See also: a. Hearings, Military Construction Appropriations
for 1956, June 1955, before the Subcommittee
on Department of Defense Appropriations of
the House Committee on Appropriations. For
CIA testimony, June 23, 1955, see pp. 165-181.
b. Communication from the President of the
United States transmitting a draft of a praosed
provision pertaining to the Central Intel-
ligence Agency,.... House Document No. 210,
July 1, 1955.
c. Hearings, The Supplemental Appropriation Bill,
1956, June-July 1955, before the Senate
Committee on Appropriations. For CIA testimony,
July 15, 1955, see pp. 24, 48-49, 239-275,
278-.k0~-316, 363. ~, i/.2. -2 ';74
d. Report, No. 1116, from
the House Committee
on Appropriations, July 12, 1955. Approval
,at pp. 14, 34 in the amount of $3,000,000
for the preparation of detail plans and
specifications for the building. ~T~CUTMr~ i'. 7x 7j).
e. Report, No. 1094, from the Senate Committee
on Appropriations, July 23, 1955. Approval
at pp.11, 53, 69 in the amount of $7,000,000.
%,7274.
-3-
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f. Conference Report, House No. 1586, July 29,1955,
(Senate and House Appropriations 'Committees
conferees). Approval at pp. 2, 8 in the amount of
$5, 500, 000. (To accompany'H. R. 7278).
4. Supplemental Appropriation Act, 1957 (P. L. 84-814, July. 27, 1956).
For CIA building appropriation in the amount of $49, 000, 000, see
Chapter III, p. '3.
See also: a. Hearings, The Supplemental Appropriation Bill, 1957,
Vol. 1, May-June 1956, before the House Committee on
Appropriations. For CIA testimony before the Sub-
committee on Department of Defense Appropriations,
see pp. 238-306.
b. Hearings, The Supplemental Appropriation Bill, 1957,
May-July 1956, before the Senate Committee on
Appropriations. For CIA testimony, July 11, 1956,
see pp. 719-776. (To accompany H. R. 12138).
c. Report, No. 2638, from the House Committee on
Appropriations. July 7, 1956. Approval of appro-
priation ,for the CIA building.in the amount of
$49, 000, 000 at pp. 8, 36. (To accompany H. R. 12138).
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d. Report, No. 2580, from the Senate Committee on
Appropriations, July 14, 1956. Approval of appro-
priation for the CIA building in the amount of
$49, 000,000 at pp. 5, 31.( To accompany H. R. 12138).
e. Report House No. 2864, (Senate and House
Apprppriations Committees conferees). (To
accompany H. R. 12138).
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Next 9 Page(s) In Document Exempt
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TRANSMITTAL SLIP DATA
TO:
Le is. Counsel.
ROOM NO.
BUILDING
REMARKS:
FROM:
ROOM NO.
BUILDING
EXTENSION
I RM N5 241 REPLACES FORM 36-8
FEB WHICH MAY BE USED.
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