A HISTORY OF U.S. SECURITY EXPORT CONTROLS TOWARD CHINA AS RECORDED IN THE FORMAL DOCUMENTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE EXPORT CONTROL STRUCTURE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP62-00647A000200070002-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 10, 2000
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: December 10, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2000/0 RDP62-00647A000200070002-2
A x-1.1 S.i 4,7c . OF G .4 ! i3 Z VATT XP RTi CONTROLS fYY 4AR;.J OHI NA
AS ruCORDFJ IN TH FORM DOCL dT3' OF ?W
'i' ITM;T OF COMMM11CF XP T CON4fl O1 ' UCTURF
*DOC Exempt Letter On File*
The history of U.S . security export controls toward China can
divided into two major periods with June 1950, the approxinste data of the
nni ir, of the -Korean war, the breaking point between th
A. Pre Korean War
In the pre Korean .Nlar periods
attempted to reconcile the various elenents of
policy, and national security into a pattern cons.
cult was, inevitably, a co:r.se of all-,
The basic ~1.S . security effort control poll
period, dating, fray at least January 19149, can perhai
3t (1) to prevent U.". shlpts of Item of di
e Chinese Cos unists, (2) to prevent Chinese tracer
goods to the `'act "uropean Soviet .Ince, (3) to continue 1,.
goods to n r-t norx . civilian needs in China, and (la) to main,
the bound of national security, the 11o. economic and c
in China.
Pursuant to the above objectives, the '.. security licensing policy
toward China in 19149 can probably be characterized ant (1) a pre! titre
for denial of goods strategically rated class IA, unless evidence to arc
ble which clearly indicates that the item is for normal civilian cow
tion in China, (2) a presumption for aq proval of goods strategically rated
class 1B if the quantities are not e e s siW 1 and (3) approval of goods
strategically rated claws Ii unless clear evie~enoe of intended traneahip-
; st to the Fast F .ropean `-oviet Bloc exists. In February of 1950, while
the basic policy objectives were unchanged,; closer scrutix>gr was maintained
over U.S. exports to China in that approvals of shipments of Cass 1A and
ID item f mt the ' . . to China .red Procedure ubctamnttteeee or
.9qu II ) e cast , "orr"Ateee sanetl
on
.
1A ,1 N. ,"" .19149. ACE,
Appendix A.
2 Ibid.
1949, See
239,5
3 ` ong Kong and Macao were recognised from the beginning as are" which,
because of their proximity to and historical err
China, presented special problems. By February., 1950 ?%ports for forth
and ~'outh Korea and Taiwan as well as Tong Kong and, Macao were subject to
special ~.`'. licensing procedures desici to pre
of U.". export controls toward China.
4 ACR, i) no. 294, 24 Feb, 1950. see also 0C loc. 296, 1 Feb. 1950 and
No, 300, 9 march 1950 for the programs developed to cover 1950
%S. exports of certain chenicalas, non-ferrous metals, and petroleum
products to 'China and Uong Konng.
Approved For Release 2000/08/23: CIA-RDP62-00647A000200070002-2
 Approved For Release 20
DP62-00647A000200070002-2
The outbreak of the Kor n `ar in June of 1950
cular p base of ",I",. cur ty VXPOx"t control 'o
The fle-dbi ity' of security export coutrOli was-vo.3.l de anstrated
gent actions as far as the l oonsl of .` . exports was concert d,
..~__
were blended into a pattern which recognized each to site extent* The
blendirW, van accc fished by affording different licensing, treater for
various classes of commodities* e urity inter is were pwamount In the
1,_cena 1.ng of ?1ass U itee t ee rit r, ao .ere 1, and foreign, policy
int creest. were ampromised in the licensing of Class ID Item s$ commercial
and foreign policy i. is were paramount in the licenz. of Class 17
and unrated items.
B,Kor
The initial security export control action taken by the i
outbreak of the Korean V Brae to require that all
technical data proposed for export from the U.'. to N
the 38th paraUe1}lhave a validated lice, These license applicat
were to be deniede
gradual process of further restricting exports to China was also
ed and by 8 July 1950 license applications for export- to Chi rz of
and IJ3 3 teri, or those on which strategic ratix was
r descried or held without action. 3n Ault 1950# all items for
China required a validated export license and the licensing
decay an _ :t- items for al other items, there e . d a
d .a1 wish a rem ev by t % 'Olrocedu re D uYaco tt if
nciod. This tic i.n p o 3 cy dial n o t a p p l y t o lie
' inese ' ationaliet Govern nt on Taiwan wben the policy
for ap roval, and to Hong Koh, %f0401 and south Korea
restrictive policies than those for China were put iw
after the entry of Chinese Corr?u ni. tt trot a into the 1
save nb} r 195t: , the r, . . policy of dsvOdng e ,oz't",
r;nde ; c,rc positive and co iete by eli ting the pa
anorovais after " 'roe*dure Saba - ttee review a tr oil
oriin whztx
'=,ong Kong, or cao?
t i in transit through the 4 .". to C"hinap
n contrast to the preoedin period, the obj+ tt1YCS of
and security currently cooii ide fairly closely and the
');17"70 . o. "335!, J.= 19500
2 A,, I,,, no. 294, r nt 5,r 8 June 19501 AOR No.
Ac , o. 311 *I Mont*
3 ; , i Yo, 361, lb .dug. 1950
4 ?bid.
Ju 1950;
CR, No, 361, d nt i o. , 14 Tt eca. 195 to and rend nt o. 5 #
coordinated actions by the "`i S, Government in tb
several
21 Ica
195O
.
.
&
field of tr n rtat,11-on controls, buhkcring_ po3.icy, Cie export to the
1001d2D2-2
 is9 q`~1
Approved For Release 200,9~9 fP62-00647A000200070002-2
a~? tea:; it
ac Anism is oriented therefore to serve one and*
Ucanclusions
The cor: roaaisee re
export control program in o
d in the prey-Korean :~-ar phase of the security
of foreign policy, cr rcial
seeur?ii ' resulted, in rV opiinion,
in the nullification of e.ort control as an
e instrument for the
furt Teri or protecting am of the b.S. interests in Chinaa. In My won,
export controls alone could not have., under any circumstances, changed the
course of events in China,, but the ;point is that the force of ex art controU
was dissipated by not being focused,, until the Korean War period, on a single
objective*
25X1A9a
e- Z
o reconcile the conflicting considerations
Approved For Release 2000/08/23': CIA-RDP62-00647A000200070002-2