PERIODIC REQUIREMENTS LIST (PRL) FOR USSR (1 MAY-31 AUGUST 1959)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP62-00328A000200200006-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 75
• Document Creation Date: November 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 9, 1998
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: August 31, 1959
• Content Type: REQ

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PRL (Guide No. 164)
Copy x? 204
PERIODIC REQUIREMENTS LIST (PRL)
USSR
(1 MAY-31 AUGUST 1959)
OFFICE OF CURRENT INTELLIGENCE
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
NOT RELEASABLE TO F GN NATIONALS
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PRL (Guide No, 164)
USSR
May - August 1959
FOREWORD
1. CIA-Periodic Requirements Lists (PRL's), which are prepared
by the Office of Current Intelligence in CIA, are designed to point
up the information required for current intelligence coverage of
significant developments during the 4-month period covered by each PRL.
2. Coordination with the Department of State was initiated in
1958 and now includes the PRL's for all the world areas: (a) the USSR,
(b) European Satellites and Yugoslavia, (c) Western Europe, (d) Near
East/Africa, (e) Far East and (f) Latin America. This coordination
on all the world areas has strengthened the value of the PRL's since
they now include current intelligence requirements from the Intelli-
gence and Regional Bureaus of the State Department, as well as those
from the CIA Offices of Current Intelligence,.Research and Reports
and Scientific Intelligence. In. addition, the PRL's include major
intelligence deficiencies noted in the Post-Mortems of appropriate
National Intelligence Estimates (NIE's) approved by the US Intelli-
gence Board (USIB)- -the principal governing body for US intelligence
agencies under the chairmanship of the Director of Central Intelligence
Agency.
3. The PRL's are disseminated to the collection components of
all USIB agencies. It is recognized that the Lists may, in total,
present requirements beyond the mission and capabilities of any single
collection facility. However, to the extent that the collector has a
capability, it is'hoped that these PRL's will provide effective guid-
ance for current intelligence reporting. For those collectors who
may not have access to background information,, explanatory paragraphs
have been submitted with many of the requirements.
4. To facilitiate and possibly expand the use of the PRL, a l l
items contained herein have been classified separately and bear one
of the following classifications: SECRET (S), SECRET/NOFORN (S/NOFORN),
CONFIDENTIAL (C), CONFIDENTIAL/NOFORN (C/NOFORN), OFFICIAL USE ONLY
(OUO), and UNCLASSIFIED (U).
5. Comments on the PRL's are encouraged and should be directed to:
a. Chief, Requirements Branch, OCI/CIA, Room 2019 Que
Building, Code 163, Extension 2181;
or b. Chief, Division of Intelligence Collection and Distri-
bution (ICD), Department of State.
25X1A9a
Chief, Requirements Branch, OCI/CIA
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
USSR'
May - August 1959
PAGE
Foreword
Table of Cont4ntS
USSR:
i
Ii
I
INTERNAL
1
XI
I ][ I
FOREIGN POLICY
ECONOMIC
21,
XV
V
MILITARY
SCIENTIFIC
SOVIET BLOC:
I POLITICAL
5,9
XI, ECONOMIC 6:5
III MILITARY
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
PERIODIC REQUIREMENTS LIST
(1 May - 31 August 1959)
I. INTERNAL
A. Party and Government
1. The only topic on the agenda of the special 21st Party
Congress, held from 27 January to 5 February 1959, was the Seven-Year Plan.
The issue of the "anti-Party group" was raised again, however, and the
names of Pervukhin and Saburov were linked with the "group" for the first
time publicly. The attacks varied in severity from speaker to speaker. (U)
a. Were the differences merely variations on a theme, or
did they represent real conflicts of view between members of the upper
party hierarchy or individual Congress delegates?. The Congress took no
further official action against the members of the "anti-Party group"
despite the verbal attacks, (U)
b. Are any further moves against them contemplated? Is
there any likelihood that they will be brought to trial? (U)
c. Conferences between key Soviet officials and members
of the 70 foreign delegations to the Congress took place during and after
the Congress. Information (other than appeared in the Soviet press at
the time) is desired on the participants, especially on the Soviet side,
and the specific points of discussion. Were there any other unpublicized
proceedings connected with the Congress? (U)
d. The next regular Party Congress has been scheduled
for 1961. According to the Party rules it should be held early in 1960.
Why was it postponed? (U)
2. Are there currently any signs of discord or conflict
within the Presidium and Secretariat of the CPSU? (U)
a. Who among the members of these bodies has the greatest
influence with Khrushchev? (U)
3. Existing evidence suggests that each member of the All-
Union party secretariat has a fairly well-defined field of responsibility.
Brezhnev, for instance, appears to be concerned, among other things, with
political work in the armed forces; Ignatov currently with agriculture.
It is probable, in this connection, that each secretary oversees the work
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May ?- August 1959
USSR (Continued)
I. INTERNAL (Continued)
A. S. (Continued)
of one or more of the departments of the central committee's apparatus.
We are interested in any information on this break-down of responsibilities,
particularly the following: (U)
a. Aristov appears to be concerned with party cadres in
the Russian republic. Is he also responsible for party cadres in the other
republics? If not, who is? (U)
b. Does Kirichenko have any specific areas of responsi?
bility,or is he acting as Khrushchev's second in command on. the secretariat
with general responsibilities for all matters involving the secretariat? (U)
c. Does Suslov have any direct responsibilities in parti-
cular fields of internal affairs? (U)
d. Brezhnev's speech at the 21st Party Congress dealt
almost exclusively with the metallurgical industry. What are his responsi-
bilities in this field? (U)
4. Plenums of the CPSU Central Committee occur at irregular
intervals and are seldom announced in advance. (U)
a. Any indications of forthcoming plenums, as well as
any information about the business of such meetings and the role of the
Central Committee in policy making that does not appear in the Soviet
press? (U)
5. Yu. V. Andropov, Ya. I. Kabkov, V. N. Malin, A. L. Orlov,
and B, N. Ponomarev have been identified as heads of departments in the
Central Committee apparatus. (U)
they head? (U)
a. What are the titles and functions of the departments
b. Who are the organizational heads of the following
departments: Party Organs for the Union Republics? Machine Building?
Transport and Communications? Trade, Finance and Planning Organs? (U)
6. On 20 March 1959 I. I. Kuzmin was relieved as USSR Deputy
Premier and simultaneously replaced as Gosplan chief by A. N. Kosygin. (U)
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USSR (Continued)
I. INTERNAL (Continued)
A.. 6. a. Any further information regarding these changes?
Kuzmin was appointed Chairman of the State Scientific-Economic Council,
formed on 28 February 1959. (U)
b. Additional data regarding the functions of this coun-
cil and what the assignment means for Kuzmin's career is desired. (U)
7. V. Ye. Semichastny was replaced as All-Union Komsomol
First Secretary on 25 March 1959. (U)
a. What are the reasons for the change? (U)
b. What is Semichastny`s new assignment? (U)
8. In recent months there have been shakeups in the party
and government leadership in the Turkmen Republic (December 1958), Moscow
Oblast (March 1959), and the Uzbek Republic (March 1959). (U)
a. What are the causes and repercussions of these changes?
(U)
9. K. Ye. Voroshilov, nominal President of the USSR, was
seriously ill in February and March 1959. Information on the current
state of his health or any indication of his possible replacement are
desired. (U)
10. A collective farm congress to revise the collective farm
statutes was scheduled last year to take place "early in 1959". As of
April 1959 the Congress had not taken place nor received further publicity.
Has the Congress been postponed? If so, why? (U)
11. A selected few collective farms are experimenting with a
guaranteed annual wage for their members in lieu of the labor-day payment.
Information is desired on the implementation of this system and reaction to
it at official levels and among the peasantry. (U)
12. There have been obvious signs of disagreement between
Moscow and Peiping with respect to the Chinese Communist Commune. Since
December 1958 the Chinese have, at least overtly, reduced the ideological
pretensions with which they had originally surrounded the commune develop-
ment. Concrete information as to the steps by which this reconciliation or
compromise between Moscow and Peiping was reached would be of great value.
Information on the attitude of ranking Soviet officials toward the commune
or other specifically Chinese Communist developments is of continuing in-
terest. (U)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
I. INTERNAL (Continued)
A,13. We are interested in:
a. The exact nature of the "Instructions to Party Organi-
zations in the Soviet Army and Navy, issued in 1957, together with the 1958
revision; Instructions to Komsomol-Organizations of the Army and Navy; Re-
gulations on Military Councils; Regulations for Marxist-Leninist evening
universities and other schools in the armed forces; and Regulations for
Political Organs of the Soviet Army and Navy. (C)
b. The reason(s) behind the change in title of the Chief
Political Directorate of the Ministry of Defense to Chief Political Direc-
torate of the Soviet Army and Navy and whether this indicates a change in
the subordination of the directorate; (U)
c, The extent of party and KGB control in the armed
forces; specifically, the relationship and areas of responsibility of the
Chief Political Directorate, the Administrative Department of the CC/CPSU,
the Military Councils, the KGB Special Sections, party organizations in
the armed forces, local party organizations, political officers, and the
military commanders; (S)
d. The impact and significance of the recent policy that
not only shAll the military commander be politically trained, but that the
political officer receive military training. (U)
e. The present jobs of Army Generals A. A. Luchinskiy and
d of Colonels General M. A. Shalin, I, Z. Susavkov and S. M
Shtemenko, (U)
f. The present status of the GRU and the name of its
chief. There.! have been reports that it is being reduced in force or re-
organized. (S)
B. Security
1. All information concerning the jurisdiction of the KGB
and the MVD and their domestic and foreign activities would be of value. (U)
We are particularly interested in the following things-
a. Any information indicating KGB coordination and/or
control of satellite security services; (U)
(U)
b. KGB operations and responsibilities inside the USSR;
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USSR (Continued)
I. INTERNAL (Continued)
B 1. c, jurisdictional subordination and personnel strength
of the civil police (militsiya) and the internal troops; personnel strength
of the border troops; (U)
d. the identities of top and second echelon officials
assigned to the central KGB in Moscow; e.g., the names of deputy chairmen
and other top officials in addition to Lunev who has recently been again
identified as First Deputy Chairman. (U)
e. What is the present status of the KGB? Any indications
that its powers are being reduced? That it is being reorganized? What
significance is attached to the appointment of Shelepin as Chief of the
KGB? (U)
20 The system of controls which are exercised over the travel
and movement of Soviet citizens is an important indicator of the internal
situation in the USSR. Information of this nature would be of great value.
(U)
3. A number of measures adopted recently are designed to
reduce in various ways the incidence of social evils and petty crime,
particularly drunkeness, "hooliganism, and speculation. There is a
continuing need for information on the causes of such phenomena, their
prevalence, and the effectiveness of the measures taken to overcome them.
(U)
a. What is the working relationship between the worker's
militia and the regular militia? (U)
b. To what extent have the former taken over duties of
the latter? (U)
4. Opportunities to observe tension between various national
groups and mistreatment of minorities have grown as Soviet political con-
trols have become somewhat loosened, There are continuing reports of
nationalistic sentiments in various areas, discrimination against Jews,
and anti-Semitic feelings. These subjects bear further watching to
determine whether the regime is making any progress in its proposed ef-
forts to correct violations of "Leninist" nationality policy committed
under Stalin. (U)
a. Are any new measures being taken to reduce tensions
between Russians and local inhabitants in minority areas? (U)
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May ? August 1959
USSR (Continued)
1. INTERNAL (Continued)
B. 4. b. Is there any evidence of a change in the regime at-
titude towards manifestations of national sentiment among minority groups?
(U)
c. A process of Russification of minority cultures has
been taking place for many years, attested by various economic as well as
potential factors. To what extent is coercion part of this process? (U)
5. The proposals for the reorganization of the educational
system on 16 November 1958 included a provision that in minority areas,
parents should be allowed to choose! individually whether their children
will attend Russian-language or minority-language schools. Study of the
alternate language would then be undertaken voluntarily only by those
children who felt they could carry the extra work load in their studies.
(U)
a. How is this provision being received in the minority
b. Are parents concerned at having to choose for their
children between knowledge of the mother tongue and future professional
advantages in knowing Russian? (U)
(U)
c. Which language seems to be the one chosen in the end?
6. Little current information is available concerning Soviet
:Labor camps. (C)
(C)
a. How many camps presently exist, and where are they?
b. What is their population? (C)
c. How many and what categories of persons are presently
being sent to labor camps? (C)
d. Is the labor camp system being dissolved? (C)
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May m August 1959
USSR (Continued)
1. INTERNAL (Continued)
C. Intellectual Expression, Education, and Religion
1. Controls on literature, art and other forms of intellectual
expression have continued tight in 1959. There is evidence, however, that
many intellectuals still oppose, if only passively, present controls. A
regime spokesman at the RSFSR Writers Congress in December complained that
Pasternak's fate "had disoriented even some progressive writers, sowing in
their hearts doubts about the correctness of our decisions". Complaints
about the persistence of "erroneous ideological attitudes" on the part of
many writers and about the continued silence of many senior writers "whose
voices should have been heard" have also been frequent at the regional
writers congresses. (U)
a, What are the attitudes of individual intellectual
and cultural figures toward the Party's cultural policy? (U)
b. Is the opposition of intellectuals crystallized
against specific elements of control such as freedom to travel or censor-
ship of foreign literature? (U)
c. What are the regime's methods of reaching and per-
suading intellectuals to recant and reform? (U)
d. In what social sectors did the Pasternak affair
arouse interest and what were the reactions? (U)
e. What types of Soviet citizens have actually read Dr.
Zhivago and what are their reactions? (U)
f. What modern Soviet novels and poetry is the Soviet
public reading? Which ones do they like? Why? (U)
2. Although intellectual disaffection among university stu-
dents has evidently abated considerably since the late 1956-early 1957
period, the increase in foreign students visiting the USSR under exchange
agreements and the continued insistence on ideological conformity may
combine to produce new manifestations of intransigence and rebellion. (U)
a, Any information on the state of mind among young
Soviet intellectuals is desired. (U)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
I. INTERNAL (Continued)
C. ,3. Under the new Soviet law on education published 25 Decem-
ber 1958, the much publicized goal of universal ten-year education has been
dropped in favor of universal 8-year education. The vast majority of 15
and 16 year olds will go into production work upon completion of the 8-year
general schoo]L? Adolescents with the will and stamina can continue their
education inevening or correspondence courses and these that last the
course can eventually go on to higher educational institutions. Boarding
schools are to be increased in number and are to be established on both
an 8 and 11 year basis, with greatly increased polytechnical training.
The problems of special schools for children gifted in the arts and sciences
and of language training in minority areas (see B-5) had ]both aroused
special public interest, as indicated by letters carried in the Soviet
press, and no decision on either point was announced in December. (U)
by the public?
social sector'?
a,
(U)
b,
(U)
c.
How is the proposed reorganization being received
Is opposition or approval centered in any identifiable
What changes in the social studies and humanities
curricula are planned? (U)
d. Has any decision been reached on the special schools
and language training problems? (U)
e., Can any individual or social sector of Soviet society
be identified with a stand pro or con either of these issuers? (U)
4, The regime cited as justification for the reorganization
of education the distaste shown by many of the younger generation for
manual labor and the "difficulties" experienced in finding jobs for se-
condary school graduates. (U) We need information which indicates;
a. Any additional concerns which prompted these changes.
(U)
b. Amplification of the "difficulties" cited by the re-
gime in finding jobs for secondary school graduates. (U)
c, Any further light on Soviet youth's attitude toward
manual labor. (U)
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USSR (Continued)
1. INTERNAL (Continued)
C. 5. There have been several references in the Soviet press in
recent months to difficulties experienced in persuading management in in-
dustry to accept as workers minors whose right to special working condi-
tions is protected by law. The proposed educational reorganization suggests
that this problem will be complicated by additional provisions for time off
from work for individuals who work and study, either in the form of a
shorter work-day or of a three-day work week. (U)
6, The educational reorganizations proposals also include
changes in the vuzes (higher educational institutions). Students are to
combine work and study for the first two to three years of their courses,
and it has been recommended that qualified professionals in industry and
agriculture be released part-time from their jobs to teach while teachers
are periodically to leave their teaching to work in the "national economy."
(U)
a. What are the reactions to students and teachers to
these proposals? (U)
b, What are the detailed arrangements for "combining
work and study" by students and for the exchanges of personnel between
industry and agriculture and the vuzes? (U)
7. In an article in the British periodical New Statesman of
21 February 1959, a French professor who had lectured at the University
of Moscow in October 1958 reported that at that time Soviet students were
much exercised about a new work on the poet Mayakovsky which included many
hitherto suppressed poems and showed that he had strongly resisted regime
censorship. According to the article, the new work was published by the
Soviet Academy of Sciences and was entitled Fresh Light on Mayakovsky. (U)
a, What was its effect on students and intellectual
circles? (U)
b, Is there any evidence that the regime may be preparing
to allow publication of any other hitherto suppressed work or to revise its
official opinion on any other literary works? Whose? (U)
8. A few scattered reports have been received concerning al-
legedly inadequate knowledge of Russian on the part of "many" university
students, nationality unspecified, Moreover, speakers at the recent
writers congresses have been more than usually caustic concerning gram-
matical errors made by writers in their finished work. (C)
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USSR (Continued)
I. INTERNAL (Continued)
C, 8. a. Is there any evidence that these complaints go beyond
the usual ones of professors that their students have been badly prepared
and of critics that writers are an illiterate lot? (C)
9. In early March 1959 the Soviet Union celebrated the 100th
anniversaryo:f the birth of the Jewish short story writer, Sholem Aleichem,
by the issuance of a new stamp in his honor and announced plans for the
publication of a new edition of his works in Yiddish, the first Yiddish
language publication in the USSR since 1948. (U)
lished?
What?
(U)
(U)
a.
b.
C.
Was this edition of Aleichem's work actually pub-
What was the extent of public interest in it? (U)
Is any further publication in Yiddish being planned?
d. Is there any other evidence of a possible shift in
the regime's attitude toward Jews? (U)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FOREIGN POLICY
A. General
1. Any indication of Soviet intentions to take unilateral
steps? (U)
2. Soviet moves to extend assistance in the atomic energy
field to non-Communist states, particularly in Asia, Africa, and Latin
America, and the reactions and attitudes of prospective recipient coun-
tries. (U),
3, Behavior of Soviet Bloc personnel at the UN, particularly
statements on disarmament questions and the possibility of UN consideration
of the Berlin and German questions, (U)
4. Similarities or divergencies noted in Soviet and Com-
munist China propaganda, behavior at international meetings, and general
attitudes toward the US, (U)
5. Information that the USSR is seeking to establish diplo-
matic relations, negotiate trade agreements, or establish informational
or permanent trade representation with additional countries. (U)
6. Soviet interest or activity of any type in the Arctic
and Antarctic, particularly Soviet reaction to US proposals for an in-
ternational administrative arrangement for Antarctica. (C)
7. Any amplification of the Soviet "peaceful economic com-
petition" program or evidence of price cutting on capital goods, with
special interest in evidence of intra-Bloc competition or collaboration
on bids for development projects in underdeveloped areas. (U)
8. Evidence of Soviet economic pressure upon Finland,
Austria, the UAR, Afghanistan, or other countries with close ties to
the USSR. (U)
9. Soviet approaches to Socialist parties abroad including
proposals for contacts and invitations to Moscow. (U)
10. Soviet intentions in negotiations for an agreement on
the cessation of nuclear weapons tests under international control. (U)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FOREIGN POLICY (Continued)
B. Western Europe
1. Information on Soviet Bloc security measures to strengthen
the Warsaw Pact or carry out other measures threatened to counter West Ger-
man rearmament including the building of missile bases in the Satellites.
(U)
2. Any reports of Soviet pressure on Poland to support Soviet
foreign policy and to adopt more orthodox measures in domestic policy. (C)
3. Changes in Soviet terms for a German settlement and indi-
cations of changes in tactics on the German question, particularly revi-
sions'in Soviet relations with East Germany. (U)
4. All developments regarding the sealing off' of West Berlin
from East Berlin, closing the East-West German border, Soviet moves to
alter the juridical position of the three Western powers in Berlin and har-
assments of Allied and West German rail, highway, or air access to West
Berlin. (U)
5. Evidence of increasing Soviet efforts to draw Scandinavian
countries away from their present Western orientation toward a more neutral
course with closer ties with the USSR. Indications of Soviet attempts at a
Baltic Neutrality (Security) Pact. (U)
6. Indications of continuing party contacts between the Bloc
countries and Yugoslavia. Any sign of a breakdown in state relations or
economic boycotts between the Bloc countries and Yugoslavia. Resumption
of anti-Yugoslav broadcasts beamed to Yugoslavia. Reports of Soviet at-
tempts to isolate Yugoslavia further from the Satellites. Information on
the previous history of Soviet-Yugoslav relations and the factors that
led to the break. (U)
7. Evidence of Soviet attitude toward De Gaulle regime,
particularly Soviet position on the Algerian conflict. Soviet instructions
to the French Communist Party on policy toward De Gaulle, (U)
8. Soviet proposals for European security schemes including
the Rapackiplan and Soviet tactics in advancing these plans. (U)
9. Reports of Soviet instructions to West European Communist
parties and the latters9 tactics in the campaign to prevent the building
of missile bases there. (U)
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USSR (Continued)
II. FOREIGN POLICY (Continued)
B. Western Europe (Continued)
10. Overtures to Italy, particularly proposals concerning
Italy's inclusion in an "atom-'free?zone" or possible participation of
Italy in any new summit conference. (U)
11. Soviet overtures to Spain, particularly proposals for
trade expansion. (U)
C. Asia-Africa
1. Indications of modification of the "peaceful coexistence"
policy toward Asian neutrals, or of Soviet disillusionment with the poli-
tical results of the policy: (U)
a. Evidence of greater reliance on local Communist
parties in achieving Bloc goals. (U)
b. Details of Soviet proposals for a nuclear-free zone
in Asia; comments of Soviet officials on this subject, as well as evidence
that Moscow intends to initiate negotiations with Asian governments on this
question. (U)
2, Information on the status of relations between Moscow and
Peiping, particularly with reference to the question of primacy of interest
in Far Eastern Satellite matters. Material covering the relations of the
USSR and Communist China with North Korea, Inner and Outer Mongolia, the
Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Any evidence that the USSR does, or does
not, desire to promote Communist China's relations with non-Communist Asian
countries, and efforts to secure more widespread recognition of/and ad-
mission of Communist China to the United Nations. (C)
3. Indications that the USSR is discussing on a bilateral
basis terms for an Arab-Israeli settlement with the countries concerned, (U)
4. Evidence of Soviet support for certain personalities or
factions in Communist China. (U)
5. Japan
a. Evidence of Sino-Soviet tactical or policy coordination
to discredit the Kishi government on trade, nuclear or fishery issues-?a
campaign which began prior to the Japanese elections in May 1955. (U)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FO1.i;EIGN POLICY (Continued)
C. Asia-Africa (Continued)
5, b. Evidence of specific Sino-Soviet guidance to Japanese
Communist Party on such questions as American forces and bases in Japan
and a nuclear-free zone in Asia, (U)
C. Efforts by Soviet officials to impress the Japanese
with the possibility of extensive trade expansion and Japanese partici-
pation in the economic development of Siberia, (C)
d. Soviet proposals and expected negotiations for a
cultural agreement with Japan. (U)
e. New or revised Soviet proposals for a civil Air agree-
ment which night be expected to meet previous Japanese objections. (U)
f. Evidence that the USSR might allow fishing rights to
the Japanese in hitherto restricted areas of the Kurils, as hinted'by a
Soviet Far Eastern Service broadcast to Japan on 26 September 1958 (C)
a. Evidence of Soviet intentions to fulfill the economic
and technical assistance agreement with Indonesia, or of new moves to
counter recent improvements in US-Indonesian relations. (U)
b. Evidence of direct and/or increased Soviet contacts
with the Indonesian Communist party (PKI) or of Bloc propaganda or other
moves calculated to discredit Sukarno or Indonesian military leaders. (U)
c. Expansion of Soviet scientific or cultural activities
or exchanges. (C)
d, Evidence of additional arms supplies to Indonesia by
any Communist state. (S)
7. Progress in the implementation of Soviet technical as-
sistance program in Ceylon, projects under consideration, and any efforts
of Soviet officials to influence Ceylonese long-range planning, (C)
8. Evidence of overt Soviet encouragement or political sup-
port for the CPI and particularly for the Communist Government of Kerala
implying or stating criticism of the internal policies of the Indian
Government.. (C)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FOREIGN POLICY (Continued)
C. Asia-Africa (Continued)
9. Progress in negotiations with Nepal to implement Soviet
offers of economic assistance, especially in the field of civil aviation.
(C)
10. Pakistan -
a. Soviet efforts to stimulate Soviet-Pakistani trade
through direct overtures to private interests. (U)
b. Soviet efforts to develop economic and cultural con-
tacts in East Pakistan. (C)
c. Soviet efforts designed to foment domestic opposition
to Pakistani-US defense ties. (C)
11. Travel of Soviet personnel in Kashmir, and attempts to
develop direct contact with Kashmiri groups and individuals. (S)
12. Afghanistan -
a, Progress in implementation of Soviet economic pro-
jects, particularly the Salang Pass road, improvement of the port of
Qizil Qala, and oil exploitation around Sar-i-Pul. (U)
b. Details on the Soviet military assistance program:
equipment supplied; role of Soviet military instructors and advisers;
tactical exercises involving use of Soviet weapons. (S)
c, Information on the possible establishment of a
second Afghan airline and the projected Soviet role therein. (S)
a. Evidence of increased Soviet-directed subversive
activity in Iran, including support for the Tudeh Party and/or any other
groups opposing the Shah's regime. (C)
b. Soviet efforts to encourage opposition to the Shah in
the Army. (C)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FOREIGN POLICY (Continued)
C. Asia-Africa (Continued)
13, c, Information on any form of Bloc economic pressure on
Iran, such ,ass, failure to negotiate a trade agreement in April, withholding
deliveries on usual purchases, disruption of construction on the two sugar
factories being built by Poland in northeastern Iran, etc. (C)
d. Evidence of Soviet military activity on Iran's north-
ern border: designed to create "war-of-nerves" against the Shah's regime.
(C)
e. Any evidence of Soviet moves to end pressures on Iran
and improve relations with, the Tehran government. (C)
14, Contracts of Soviet officials with private Turkish busi-
ness interest designed to step up Soviet-Turkish trade or to sell Soviet
factories and machinery. (U)
15. Contacts of Soviet officials with private Israeli busi-
nessmen pointed toward a resumption of trade, (U)
a. Implementation of Soviet-UAR economic projects, in-
cluding, in particular, details of negotiations on the first phase of
the Aswan High Dam. (U)
b, Details concerning the establishment of regular com-
mercial air service between Moscow and Cairo and of negotiations to
buy late model Soviet passenger aircraft for Misrair, (S)
c. Details of any evidence of Syrian Communist Party
relations with Soviet officials. (S)
d. Any information on friction between USSR and UAR over
ideological questions and Soviet policies in Middle East, particularly
Iraq. (C)
a. Soviet approaches to Cypriot leaders. (U)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II, FOREIGN POLICY (Continued)
C. Asia-Africa (Continued)
17. b. Soviet approaches to private Greek firms designed to
push sales of Soviet goods in Greece. (U)
c. Attempts by Soviet officials to keep alive the
nuclear scare in connection with NATO bases in Greece. (C)
18. Arabian Peninsula
a. Any attempt by Bloc officials to establish diplomatic,
economic, or cultural contacts, either formally or informally, with Saudi
Arabia. (U)
b. Developments in the implementation of Bloc economic
and military assistance programs in Yemen, and the movements of B-,loc per-
sonnel to and within Yemen. (S)
c. Efforts to influence internal developments or Yemeni
foreign policy on the part of Soviet officials or technicians. (S)
d. Attempts to develop Soviet-Yemeni cultural relations.
(U)
19. Efforts to develop regular Soviet-Sudanese economic rela-
tions, especially any Soviet effort to influence Sudanese policy through
manipulation of its cotton purchases. (C)
20. Efforts of Soviet officials to establish direct contact
with Libyan officials and commercial interests with a view toward estab-
lishing regular economic and cultural relations. (U)
21. Iraq -
a. Soviet efforts to negotiate a civil air agreement
with Iraq. (S)
b. Special interest in Soviet efforts to establish
commercial or cultural centers other than in Baghdad. (S)
c. Evidence of Soviet equipment and military advisers
in Iraq, and information on the relations of such personnel, as well as
UAR military training advisory personnel, with Iraqi officials. (S)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May -- August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FOR:E:IGN POLICY (Continued)
C. Asia-Africa (Continued)
:'i:1, d. Details of any evidence of Iraq Communist Party rela-
tions with Soviet officials. (S)
e, Details of any evidence of Kurdish relations with
Soviet officials. (S)
f. Any evidence that Soviet officials are in a position
to exert controlling influence in Iraqi Government decisions. (C)
;e;2. Morocco -
a. Any Soviet activities directed against the maintenance
of US bases in Morocco. (S)
Morocco. (S)
b. Any Bloc offers of economic aid, arms, etc., to
c. Any information on relations between USSR and Moroccan
Communist parties and other parties and groups. (S)
23.
Tunisia -
Tunisia.
regime.
(S)
(S)
a,
b.
Any Bloc offers of arms, economic aid, etc.,
Any Soviet or Bloc activities to undermine Bourguiba`s
c. Relations between USSR and Tunisian Communist party
and other political parties and groupings. (C)
24. Algeria
a, Any Soviet or Bloc activities to cooperate with and
support the Algerian Front of National Liberation (FLN) and its provisional
government. (S)
b, Any evidence of Bloc military support, arms, advisers,
etc., to the FLN. (C)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FOREIGN POLICY (Continued)
C. Asia-Africa (Continued)
24. c. Any Soviet or Bloc activities connected with the
Algerian CP or other groupings. (S)
d. Evidence that the USSR or any Eastern European govern-
ment intends to extend diplomatic recognition to the Algerian Provisional
Government. (U)
25. Libya
a. Any Bloc offers of arms and economic aid. (S)
b. Any Bloc activities directed against the US base in
Libya or the Libyan regime. (S)
26. Sudan
a. Soviet attitude toward the new regime: Bloc offers
of support and approval, or, conversely, and Bloc activities to undermine
the regime. (S)
27. Africa South of the Sahara
a. Bloc support of regimes in Ghana, Guinea and Liberia;
including offers of arms and economic aid, and conversely any Soviet ef-
forts to undermine any of these regimes. (S)
b. Soviet support, overt or covert, to movements for in-
dependence or "national liberations"in British, French, Belgian, or
Portuguese colonies, trusteeships; particularly Soviet attitude to Cameroon
independence movement. (C)
c. Activities of Soviet or Bloc fishing vessels off West
Africa, particularly the ports of call and shore activities of the person-
nel. (U)
28. Ethiopia, Somaliland, Eritrea
a. Soviet or Bloc attitude and actions in regard to
Ethiopian-Somali and Ethiopian-Eritrean relations. (S)
b, Offers of assistance to above countries or groups. (U)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
II. FOREIGN POLICY (Continued)
C,. Asia-Africa (Continued)
28, c. Sign of increase in Soviet propaganda or subversive
activity in area. (S)
d. Soviet overtures toward Emperior Haile Selassie
before, or during, his forthcoming visit to the USSR. (U)
D. Latin America
1. Any indications of Soviet efforts to promote neutralism"
in Latin America and any reference to the area as a possible "peace zone.
(U)
2. Any approaches to Latin American nations for establishment
or reestablishment of diplomatic relations. (U)
3. Any implementation of Soviet willingness to extend eco-
nomic aid to the area. (U)
4, Any evidence of Soviet contacts with,.or instructions to,
Latin American Communist Parties. (U)
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PRY (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR, (Continued)
III, %I cJNy TaiIC
A. Policy, Planning, and Theory
1. Soviet General Economic Policy
The best available indicator of Soviet general economic
policy is contained in the Seven Year Plan for Economic develop-
ment (1959-1965), adopted in February 1959, The plan, reportedly
filling 28 volumes, has been made available to the West only in the
summary version published in 8 pages of Pravda. Furthermore, as
late as mid-March 1959, an annual plan for ` 9 9 has not yet been.
published. (Ti)
a,, Any additonal information about economic goals for
1965, about the annual phasing of the Seven Year Plan objectives,
or about the progress of plan fulfillment in the early stages of
the plan, will be helpful in filling out present knowledge of So-
viet economic policy. (U)
2. National Economic Planning
ao Any information on the actual working, in terms of
the Seven Year Plan, of the new procedures for the planning of in-
vestment whereby detailed investment plans are to be made up local-
ly to comply with control figures for production passed down from
the center. (U)
ba Information relative to problems arising in con-
nection with the census of fixed capital now scheduled for as of 1
January 1960. (U)
c,, Current changes in categorizations of investment,
in connection with the 1959 budgets, either USSR or republic. (U)
do New changes in economic administrative regional.
boundaries, their consolidation, or creation of echelons between
the sovnarkhozy and RSFSR Council of Ministers. should be reported.
(U)
eo Any information about the supply sales--snab-sbyt--
system, and especially any changes introduced as a result of the
reorganization of industrial management. (U)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
Am Policy, Planning, and Theory (Continued)
3. Economic Theory
The .proposed formation of an Academy of Economics sug-
gests that the role of economists in economic planning and decision
making may be enhanced. (U)
ao Information regarding current discussions on prob-
lems swch as criteria of investment choice, price policy, programs
and incentives for technologic innovation, and the adequacy of ex-
isting value measures of performance should be reported because they
highlight current problems and may indicate the probable direction
of future policy. (U)
b. Under present circumstances information on the back-
ground of individual economists is of increasing importance, hence
biographical and career dates should be reported, (U)
B. Agriculture
1. Information is desired on total sown acreage in the USSR
and the acreage devoted to the various. crops in 1959, (U)
2, What are the crop prospects in the Soviet Union in 1959,
especially in those areas in which prospects are'either substantially
above or below average? (U)
3, Are there indications that the administration of Soviet
agriculture may be decentralized in the near future and the Ministry
of Agriculture abolished? (U)
4. How much gain in efficiency is being realized in Soviet
agriculture by collective farm ownership and operation of their own
machinery as opposed to MTS ownership and operation of the machinery?
(U)
5. What prices are to be paid by the state in purchasing
the various agriculture products from collective farms in 1959? (U)
6, To what extent is the two-stage method of harvesting
small grains decreasing harvesting losses? (U)
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PRL (Guide No 0 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
Ba Agriculture (Continued)
7, The seven-year plan (1959-65) makes reference to a
proposal "to make better use of highly fertile land in the zone of
stable rainfall" in the European USSR (U)0
a. Does this imply the initiation of a specific
program to accomplish this end (e.g. a program similar in scope to
the new lands program? (U)
b. Or is the proposal purposely only in. vague,
general terms with no particular large scale program being planned?
(U)
8. The seven-year plan makes reference to the necessi-
ty of achieving increased labor productivity in agriculture. (U)
as Do the Soviets expect to reduce the Soviet
agricultural labor force substantially in the near future? (U)
C. Agricultural Machinery Production
1. The Soviet Seven Year Plan stipulates the ever
creasing employment of mechanical means in the harvesting of agri-
cultural crops o yet, the production of corn harvesting combines has
steadily and inexplicably declined in the face of a quantitatively in-
adequate park of these machines. The USSR produced 19,000 and 12,400
corn harvesting combines, respectively, in the two six-month periods
of 1957. In 1958, only 6,100 units were produced, at least 6,000
of which were produced in the first six months. The acreage de-
voted to corn, meanwhile, continues to increase. The possibility
exists that the reduction in combine output reflects unsuspected
shifts in priority between machines for agriculture and machines
for other purposes rather than a temporary cessation of production
pending the development of a more satisfactory model.
a. Information which might provide an explana-
(b)building contribution to
tion for use in the agricultural machine
the forthcoming Soviet NIE is desired.
S E C R E T
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May.- August 1959_.
USSR (Continued)
III., ECONOMIC (Continued)
C. ricultural Machinery Production (Continued)
2. The Soviet Seven Year Plan did not provide quantita-
tive output data for any major type of agricultural machine except
grain combines (400,000 units). Khrushchev stated in December 1958
that plans for agricultural machinery production awaited estimates
of agriculture's requirements. He did not indicate just when the
estimates would be completed. (U)
a. Do unit production plans now exist for other
major types of agricultural machines such as comines for corn, sugar
beets, and ensilage crops, cotton pickers, and tractor-drawn and
tractor-mounted plows, drills, cultivators, and movers? (U)
b. Seven Year Plan data on these and. other a.gri-
cultural machines is desired as quickly as possible after it becomes
available,. (U)
D. Chemicals and Chemical Equipment Production
1. A part of the credit for the successful launching
of the Soviet earth satellites and moon rocket has been given to the
development of synthetic fuels. (U)
a. What fuels and oxidizers are used in Soviet
missiles--particularly in the Soviet ICBM and satellite types? (U)
2. Khrushchev has stated several times in recent
months that the USSR has ample supplies of atomic bombs and would
stop production of fissionable material for weapons purposes. (S)
a. Because chemical inputs offer one of the best
indicators of output of fissionable material, information is desired
on production and consumption of the following key materials.
fluorspar, hydrofluoric acid, fluorine, lithium ores and compounds,
metallic calcium and calcium chloride. (S)
(C)
3. The USSR has started to export fluorspar to Japan,
a. What grades and amounts are being shipped? (C)
b. Is there any evidence of additional Soviet
trade in :fluorspar or other raw materials that may be used in the
Soviet atomic energy program, such as, lithium ore or high purity
calcium chloride? (C)
-24-
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
D. Chemicals and Chemical Equipment Production (Continued)
4. The USSR plans to invest over 100 billion rubles
in the development of the chemical industry in the new Seven Year
Plan (1959-65). Trade agreements with several Western countries
have been concluded. (C)
a. Will part of this total be used for the devel-
opment of support industries, such as, chemical machine building, and
if so, how much? (U)
b. What part of this total investment is intended
for the purchase of chemical technology and equipment from the West?
(U)
C. From the Bloc? (U)
5. Strenuous efforts have been made by the Soviets in
recent months to obtain chemical technology and equipment from the
West. (S)
a. What kinds of chemical plants and processes are
the Soviets trying to purchase? (S)
b. What are the annual production capacities?
Where will the plants be installed in the USSR? (S)
E. Electronics Production - and Automation
1. Recently the Soviet press announced the creation
of a State Committee for Automation. This state committee will prob-
ably take on some or most of the responsibilities of the abolished
Ministry of Instrument Building and the Means of Automation. (U)
What actually are the responsibilities of the State
Committee for Automation in respect to the production and develop-
ment of electronics automation equipment, including electronic com-
puters (planning of production, controlling production plants)'? (S)
b. What is the Committee's relation or comparison
with the State Scientific-Technical Committee and with Gosplan? (U)
c. Also, responsibilities of the new State Scient-
ific-Economic Council and the Commission for Current Affairs? (U)
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PRL (Guide No. '164)
May.- August 1959.
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
E. Electronics Production - and Automation (Continued)
2. In the Seven-Year Plan announcement of November
1958, value figures were given for the planned production of instru-
ments, including computers. (Instruments: 1965 18.5-19.2 bil.R.,
1958/65.2.5-2.6 times; including computers: 1965 2.0-2.1, 1958/65
4.5.4.7 times), (U)
a. What portion of these figures are for electron-
ic instruments and electronic computers? (U)
b. Do the figures include research and develop-
ment in addition to production costs? (U)
include? (U)
c. What do the terms instruments and computers
3. In connection with inter-Bloc coordination and
specialization planning through CEMA, information is required on
special allocations of responsibility for the production and devel-
opment of electronics products to the individual Soviet; Bloc coun-
tries, and their successes and failures in each endeavor. (U) In-
formation on the coordination of electronic computer production and
development is desired, particularly progress in development of the
allocation to East Germany of perfecting input systems for electronic
computers for the USSR. (S)
F. Electric and Nucle
1. In January 1959, the Ministry of Electric Power
Stations was abolished, but no mention was made by the Soviet press
of new arrangments for planning and control of electric power produc-,
tion. (U)
a. Information is desired on changes necessitated
by abolition of the Ministry, and on the present system of planning
and control. (U)
b. Information also is desired on the reasons for
abolishing the Ministry at this time. (U)
S E C R E T
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
F. Electric and Nuclear Power Production (Continued)
2. Recent Soviet pronouncements on the nuclear power
program indicate that large nuclear power plants are under construc-
tion, or planned, at Voronezh, Beloyarsk (Urals), Leningrad, and
"somewhere in Siberia," and do not mention a "Moscow area" site as
earlier reported. A Soviet map of proposed high voltage electric
transmission lines shows that a location appearing to be at or near
Mozhaisk will be an important junction of several high voltage lines,
suggesting that a large electric power producer or consumer will be
located at or near this small town, about 100 kilometers we: +_ .,f
Moscow. (U)
a. What are the planned target dates for initial
and full operation of the nuclear power plants under construction?
(C)
b. Is there a nuclear power plant under construe--
tion near Mozhaisk? If not,what large electric power consumer will
be located near Mozhaisk? (C)
G. Fissionable Materials
Soviet Premier Khrushchev told Senator Humphrey in
December 1958 that the Soviet Union has so many weapons in stockpile
that production of fissionable materials for weapon purposes could
cease and that some existing weapons would be dismantled.
a. Is there any evidence that the Soviet fission-
able materials program has slowed down? For example, are there any
indications of slowing down or stopping construction of fissionable
materials production plants? (U)
b. Has the search for and/or the procurement of
uranium ore been cut back? (U)
c. Have there been large scale shifts in person-
nel from military connected to purely civilian or scientific pur-
suits? (U)
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PRIG _ (Guide NO. 164)
May - August 1959._
USSR (Continued)
I I I , ECONOMIC (Continued)
H. Geographic ? Time Zones
In March 1957 a new system of time zones was instituted
in the Soviet Union. Recent monitoring of local broadcasts indicates
that the time zones actually in use in European Russia differ in many
places from the zones which were published two years ago, although
no revision has been announced. It is requested that information
be obtained on the current relationship of local time to Moscow time
for any city in the zone between 380E (approx. Moscow) and 50?E. (C)
1. Guided Missiles Deployment
The current international situation Is infused with
questions relating to capabilities and intentions to use guided mis-
siles. Under such circumstances the chances of a break in forma-
tion is Probably greater than otherwise. (C)
1. Recent information indicates that possibly a new
type surface-to-air missile Is being phased into the Moscow SAM
defense system. (C)
a. Any confirmatory evidence of the possible pro-
duction send/or deployment of this new weapon Is urgently needed. (C)
2. Recently, information has become available indicat-
ing that there are 10 new assembly and/or storage type buildings at
Moscow SAM site (NINW?1) which. are similar to two new buildings
located at the Istra missile support area. This information is the
first evidence of possible ,pon=sitet9 storage or assembly of missile
at any of the Moscow sites. W)
a. Any Information indicating completion or con-
struction of similar storage or assembly areas at other Moscow SAM
sites is urgently needed. (5)
3. Information concerning the support of guided mis-
sile launrnchiag facilities by any mode of transport or the use of
mobile iaunci ing facilities (trains, motor vehicles, etc a) is
critically needed, (C)
a. Photos and detailed descriptions, including
markings, of transport equipment concerned are urgently needed. (C)
b, Information on Initial and operational costs of
this equipment is also required. (C)
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May ? August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
J. Insurance - East/West Trade
The Soviet firm Ingosstrakh reportedly is expanding
its insurance and reinsurance operations in Western Europe. Recent
reports state that the premiums charged by Ingosstrakh and Ingos.-.
strakh-backed Free World agendies are so low that they are believed
to be non-profitable. (C)
a. Provide the names of Free World firms backed by
Ingosstrakh. (C)
b. What rates are charged by Ingosstrakh and th
Ingosstrakh-backed firms? (C)
c. Provide information that may explain the
motivation for charging rates considerably below established premiums.
(C)
d. Provide information that may confirm or deny
the use of the insurance business for commercial or industril espion=
age purposes. (C)
e. Provide information linking these insurance
activities with illicit East-West trade. (C)
K. Motor Vehicles Production
Articles in Soviet newspapers and periodicals of De-,
cember 1958 and January and February 1959 have indicated that new
plants are being built, and production of vehicles is being shifted
on a major scale in accordance with the directives of the Seven Year
Plan (1959-65). It is desired that information on the new location
for the production of heavy diesel trucks, formerly made at Yaro-
slavl', and on the new plant for passenger car production at
Zaporoxh'ye, and on the new vehicle plants in East Siberia be ob-
tained. (C)
L. Nonferrous Metals Production
1. The Seven-Year Plan indicates plans to increase
the output of aluminum, magnesium, and titanium--all metals with
potential applications to the Soviet missile program. Aluminum,
however, was reported to be in short supply by a speaker at the
21st Party Congress. (C)
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PRL_ (Guide _No. 164)
May.- August 1959_
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
L. Nonferrous Metals Production (Continued)
1. a. Evidence of the level of actual or planned in-
crease In magnesium and titanium is needed. (C)
shortage. (C)
b. Any evidence to support claim of aluminum
c. Also specific evidence of applications of any
of these light metals in the Soviet economy. (C)
d. Particular emphasis should be given to substi-
tuation of aluminum for copper, but need specific examples. (C)
2. According to the Seven-Year Plan, Soviet production
of copper in 1965 will be 1.9 times that of 1958. Kazakhstan is one
of the most important copper producing areas in the USSR. It was
stated for the Sixth Five-Year Plan that Kazakhstan would produce
54 percent of the country's blister and 33 percent of the country's
refined copper. (U)
a. Evidence of the percent of the USSR's total
output of both refined and blister copper to be produced by Kazakh-
stan in 1965. (C)
b. Also need Indication of the amount` of new
capacity to be build during the Seven-Year Plan for the production
of refined copper and blister copper. (C)
M. Naval Vessel Construction
1. Submarine construction developments: The "2" "W,"
and "Q"class submarine construction programs have ended. A new
class, tide "F"-class, is now building in the Sudomekh Shipyard in
Leningrad. It is probable that other new submarine construction pro-
grams are also underway in other areas of the USSR. (S)
a. Information on new submarine construction proj-
ects in the USSR is urgently required. This information should in-
elude details of numbers of units building, types of propulsion and
weapons systems . (S)
b. Are there any indications of nuclear-powered
submarines under construction at Severodvinsk or other ship building
centers? (S)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
M. Naval Vessel Construction (Continued)
2. Possible Guided Missile Cruisers: There are in-
dications that the Sverdlov cruiser program has come to an end. Sev-
eral of the last hulls built in this program have been maintained in
an unfinished state in the Leningrade area. There is speculation
that work on these ships has been suspended until suitable guided
missile installations are available. (C)
a. Information concerning the future of these ships
is desired. (C)
N. Transportation
1. Rail
A total budgetary capital investment of 209-214
billion rubles has been recently announced under the Seven Year Plan
for transport and communications. No breakdown was given either by
year or mode for transport with the exception of a 110-115 billion
ruble figure for the seven year railroad total. (U)
a. Further breakdowns, both by year and mode of
transport are required. (U)
Recent reports of travellers to, from, and within,
the USSR give repeated evidence of failure of Aeroflot to maintain
schedules on both international and internal flights. It is not
altogether clear whether these circumstances are the result of a
general below-standard performance on the part of the Tu-104, of
lack of patronage, of poor maintenance or of some other cause. The
total number of flight cancellations or major delays on main routes
for any recent period, moreover, is not known. (U)
a. Collective performance data of recent vintage
on Soviet high speed commercial is desired, together with major
causes of delays and aborts. (U)
S E C R E T
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May - August 1959
USSR (Co)at inued)
III. ECONOMIC ;Continued)
0. Aircraft Production and Deployment
1. Soviet Heavy Bombers:
a. The BISON four-engine jet heavy bomber was first
displayed in Moscow in 1954 and the BEAR turboprop heavy bomber in
1955. Combined production of the two aircraft is estimated to be
only abolat 140-150 aircraft as of mid-1958. Production of the BEAR
is believed to have ceased by early 1957 and production of the BISON
currently appears virtually to have ceased. Information is needed
on possible continued production, movements and introduction into
units of these aircraft. (S)
b. Information is needed on a very large jet air-
craft observed at Moscow/Fili airfield in the latter half of 1958
which has been designated BOUNDER. Attention should be directed''to
unusual technical characteristics, especially the propulsion system.
Information is needed on production, testing, movement and introduc-
tion into operational units. (S)
2. Soviet Twin-engine Jet Medium Bomber:
a. BADGER - Still being introduced into'operation-
al units. Information is needed as to wheather these BADGERS re-
present new or modified aircraft and, particularly, if they appear
to be modified as tanker aircraft. (S)
b. Information also needed on introduction into
units other than those of the Long Rang Air Force. (S)
3. Light Bombers :
Current information is needed on possible produc-
tion and introduction into units of new-type light bombers including
BLOWLAMP and BACKFIN. (S)
4. All Weather Interceptor:
It is considered probable that the Soviets are en-
gaged in some stage of production activity on a new all-weather inter-
ceptor. This aircraft, probably designed the YAK-27, has been re-
ported since 1956 but has not been sighted by western observers. (S)
Information is needed on series on prototype produc-
tion of this aircraft and its introduction into units. (S)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
0. 5. New Attack Aircraft:
Foreign vistors to the 1956 Air Show were also shown a
static display of aircraft which included two new attack aircraft,
both described as very crude in appearance. A twin-jet ground at-
tack aircraft, since designated BRAWNY, was described as similar to
but larger than the USAR B-26, with slightly swept wings and four-
inch rockets mounted under each wing. Current data needed. (S)
6. New Supersonic Fighters:
Two new families of fighters, including both sweptwing
and delta-wing aircraft were displayed in the 1956 Air Show. Since
that date none of these aircraft have been sighted by Western ob-
servers. (S)
a. Any new evidence on these aircraft? (S)
b. The smaller delta-wing with pointed wing tips was
designated Fishbed A and the clipped wing version of the same air-
craft, Fishbed B. These aircraft were characterized by extensive use
of wing fences. The sweptwing version of this fighter, designated
Faceplate, has no wing fences. Any new data? (S)
c. The larger, more advanced, delta-wing fighter,
designated Fishpot had no wing fences visible. The swept-wing ver-
sion of this aircraft, designated Fitter, has two wing fences on each
wing. Any new data? (S)
d. There is no firm information concerning which of
these aircraft the Soviets intend to mass produce. Information on
Soviet production intentions, testing, actual production of these
aircraft, and their introduction into units is needed. (S)
7. Other Fighters:
The first line Soviet fighters Fresco (MIG-17), and
Farmer (MIG-19) are being phased out of production. Accurate in-
formation on the phase out of production of these jet fighters is
needed. (S)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III? ECONOMIC (Continued)
0.18. New Transports:
(1) CAMP - A twin-turboprop assault transport, design-
ated CAMP. (AN-8), was displayed in the 1956 Air Show. Although it
has, not appeared in numbers since then, a model of an AN-8 with a....
different fuselage was on display. at the Brussel's World Fair o 'Infor.-
mation is needed which will clarify which model may be going into
production. Information also is needed on actual production and in-
troduction. into service. (2) CAMEL - the twin-jet CAMEL has been in
service on Aeroflot lines since 1956 and also now flies on interna-
tional routes> Information is needed on the number now in service
with Aeroflot and with the military. Information aisco is , needed on
production of this aircraft. (3) CAT - at least three different ver`-
scone of the CAT (AN-10) have been reported since this aircraft first
was displayed at Moscow/Vnukovo Airfield in July 1957. The AN-10A
reportedly is an 100 passenger version and the AN-16 is a 130 passen-
ger version. Information is needed on production and introduction
into service. (4) COOKER (TU-110) - this four-engine jet transport
has been 'derived from the older twin-engine jet CAMEL, Although first
displayed: to the public at Moscow/Vnukovo Airfield in July 1957, the
aircraft has not been seen in numbers. Information is needed on the
possible production and introduction into service (5) COOT (IL-18) -
this fourengine turboprop transport was displayed for the first time
at Moscow%Vnukovc Airfield in July 1957 and is believed currently to
be In series production o Information is needed on possible variants
of the aircraft, production, and introduction Into service with Aero-
flot or the military. (6) CLEAT - the existence of the CLEAT (TU-
114) first was confirmed by photos in the Soviet press on 3 November
1957, The aircraft, a very large four-engine turboprop, apparently
has been derived from the BEAR heavy bomber, Two versions, the TU-
114 and the TU-114D, have been shown since November 1957? The latter
:aircraft in appearance is very similar to the BEAR and apparently has
a small passenger capacity, The TU-114, although probably derived
from the BEAR, has a larger fuselage and can carry from 120 to 220
passengers, Information is needed on possible production of one or
more of these models and on introduction into service. (7) CLOD (AN-
14) this short haul, twin-engine piston transport completed-its
first test; flight in March 1958 and is believed to be scheduled for
series production. Information is needed on production and introduc-
tion into service. (S)
S E C R E T
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
III. ECONOMIC (Continued)
0. 9. Helicopters:
Information.is needed on the production site of the
Hook (MI-6) helicopter which was first observed in late 1957. In-
formation is also desired on the production site of the small KA-18
(HOG), which the Soviets have stated will enter mass production at
an early date. (C)
Intelligence concerning production of the Horse (YAK-
25) remains obscure. Only a few of these helicopters have been ob-
served since it was first sighted in the 1955 Air Show. Information
concerning both production and the production site of these helicop-
ters is needed. (C)
10. Aerial Refueling:
Information is needed on Soviet development of aerial
refueling techniques and equipment, including the development of new
tanker aircraft and/or the modification of known aircraft such as
xe BISON, BADGER, and the BEAR for tanker use. (S)
11. Unidentified Aircraft:
In June 1958 an unidentified aircraft of double delta
configuration was seen flying near Ramenskoye Airfield. The aircraft
was moving very rapidly and, although no engines were seen, the
sound seemed to be that of a standard jet engine. The size of the
aircraft was estimated tentatively to be slightly smaller than that
of BACKFIN. Further description of the aircraft is needed. Informa-
tion also is needed on testing,-possible production, and introduc-
tion into units. (S)
S E C R E T
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May -.August 1959
USSR (Continued)
IV. MILITARX
A. Missiles
(See also: USSR IV. Military, Section C. Army,
Tactical Missiles; USSR, III. Economic, Section I,,
Guided Missiles 15eveloPment; and USSR V. Scientific,
Section D, Guided Missiles)
1. Information is urgently needed on the produc-
tion, testing, operation use, and technical characteristics of
guided missiles in all categories: surface=to-air, air-to-surface,
surface-to=surface and air-to-air. (S)
2. Surface-to-Air Types
a. Information on the air defense missile
sites in the Moscow area including construction, training, and
operational employment, and indications of alert, (5)
b. A more flexible type of SAM system is ex-
pected to be deployed at major target cities, possibly utilizing
missiles of the type appearing in the Moscow 1957 parade. (5)
Existence of defensive missile sites have been reported since 1956
at Leningrad and Baku. Report any evidence of exisiting missile
defense facilities or related construction at these, or. other areas
25X1X1 likely to be defended. (S)
d. Second generation surface-to-air missiles
were observed in the 7 November 1957 Moscow parade., Report evi-
dence of deployment of this missile into the Moscow SAM system. (5)
3. Air?to-Surface Types
. The USSR is believed to be engaging in a
comprehensive development program for air=to-surface missiles in-
cluding cruise-types, Report evidence of testing, training and
a. Short-range surface-to-surface missiles.(S)
4. Surface-to-Surface Types
perational deployment of this category of missiles. (S)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
IV. MILITARY (Continued)
A. Missiles (Continued)
b. Information on longer range surface-to-
surface types is also a priority requirement. (5)
5, Air-to-Air Types
a, The USSR has a military requirement for
ir-to-'air missiles, although little is known about their state of
developnr.9nt. Information on the development, testing, training
nd operational use of such missiles is urgently needed. (S)
B. Air
(See also USSR, III. Economic,.Section 0, Aircraft
Production and Deployment)
1. Soviet S ace Research Program: (a) The Soviet
Union is known to be engaged In a well-planned, high priority
space flight program, although little is known about the locations
of the development and test facilities engaged in this program or
the experimental vehicles themselves, It is accepted that the
USSR wil.1 soon attempt the launching and recovery of a large animal-
bearing.artificial earth satellite as a progressive step in the
Soviet space research program. Any information regarding such prep-
arations or intentions is very valuables (b) Information concern-
ing the research and development, testing and configuration of any
Soviet manned high-altitude research vehicles is urgently needed.
(S)
Automation in Air Defense: It is believed
that the USSR has underway a program to :eve op an automatic air
defense system similar in concept to portions of the US SAGE sys-
tem. Any information on such operational facilities as control
point s,lines of communication, and equipment likely to be asso-
ciated with such a system, together with any ideas on Soviet doc-
trine for its employment would be of value. (S)
3, Air Defense for Key Target Areas: The USSR
has assigned a compote of conventional an a rcralt forces,
fighter :.aircraft and in the case of at least Moscow, a surface-
to-air missile complex to defend critical target areas, Con-
tinued surveillance of these areas for signs of exercising the
equipment, or alerting personnel would be of value. Any infor-
mation on how the Soviets intend to employ defensive weapons is
of extreme Importance. (S
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PRL (Guide No. 164)
May - August 1959
IV, Military (Continued)
C. Army
1, T
ctical missiles
There is a great need for any informa-
tion on missile units. What are their size, organization, sub-
ordination, equipment, and role in the parent organization? (S)
b. Are surface-to-air missile units being as-
signed to tactical units48 How are they integrated into the local
air defense plan of the parent unit? Describe their organization
and equipment. (S)
co Are medium and long range rocket and mis-
sile units attached to forward armies during the offensive? How
re these missile units grouped (by battalion, regiment, or divi-
sion)? What tactical and/or strategic missions are assigned to
this type unit? (S)
d, Have IRBM bases been established in sat-
llite areas? Have plans been made and areas surveyed for the
employment of mobile IRBM launchers in Satellite areas? (S)
2, Tables of Organization and Equipment (T/O & E's)
How do current (T/O & E's) differ from
previous tables for similar units? How many types bf divisions
re there in current T/O & E's? Do plans exist for additional
types of divisions or will some of the current types of divisions
be abolished? (S)
bd Is the tank regiment in the various divi-
ions identical? Is the motorized rifle regiment in the various
divisions identical in organization and equipment? (S)
c, What air units (both fixed and rotary
wing) are organic to the various divisions? (S)
da Has the breakthrough artillery division
been abolished or replaced by rocket and missile units? (S)
3, ,:3., Equipment
Tanks, assault guns, and tracked vehicles
(1) Has a new miniature or light tank
been developed or placed in production? (S)
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May m August 1959
USSR (Continued)
IV.! MILITARY (Continued)
C. Army (Continued)
3o ao (2) Has the T?54 tank been redesigned
with a new type turret and increased frontal armor? What modifi-
cations have been made to the original production model? How is
the T-54 tank prepared for deep-water fording? Describe the infa-
r?ed equipment provided with this tank, (5)
(3) Has a larger gun been placed on the
PT'76 tank? What other changes have been made in the basic am-
phibious tank? (S)
(4) What type assault guns are currently
.in production? Has the T?54 chassis been adapted as an assault gun
car?ri.age? Are assault guns being phased out in favor of heavy
tanks? (S)
(5) Is there a new amphibious personnel
and equipment carrier larger than the K?61? (S)
(6) To what extent have tracked prime-
movers replaced wheeled vehicles? (5)
ba Artillery
(1) Has the new large self-propelled cannon
(approx. 300 mm) been introduced into operation units? Describe
the recoil mechanism and loading apparatus of each of these
pieces. What is the range for the various types of shells for
this weapon? (S)
gun-howitzer be
(2) To what extent has the Ma1.955 203 mm
introduced into operational units? (,S)
(3)) Has an antiaircraft gun larger than the
dual 57 Inim been mounted on a tracked prime-mover? Describe the off-
car?riagee radar for the self-propelled antiaircraft weapons, (S)
(1) Is
under development to replac
hands of troops? (S)
developed? (S)
new family of small arms currently
the post-war? w
pons currently in the
(2y Are new recoiless rifles currently being
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
IV. MILITARY (Continued)
C. Army (Continued)
4. Political training
a. Has the amount of political training for
enlisted men and officers been increased in the past two years?
How are these periods of training scheduled? Who conducts this
training and who is required to attend? (S)
b. At what levels of organization is there a
deputy commander for political affairs? What is his status rela-
tive to the commander? Are many former political deputies now com-
manding units? Are commanders attending special courses to qualify
them as political deputies? (S)
c, At what levels of organization do military
councils exist? What is their function and membership? (S)
d. Describe the party organization in units
below division. What is the relationship between the political
deputy and the party secretary? What is the relationship between
the military party organization and the local civilian party organ-
ization? (S)
4. Is the Main Political Administration
directly subordinate to the Ministry of Defense? What is its rela-
tionship to the central committee? (S)
D. Navy
1. Movement of Submarines: Large numbers of
Soviet long range submarines can operate effectively only from
bases in the Northern and Pacific Fleet areas. (S)
a. Information is needed on the deployment
of such submarines from the Black Sea or Baltic Fleets to north-
ern or Pacific waters or between the Northern and Pacific Fleets. (C)
2. Surface Operations in Open Waters: The:major
Soviet, surface fleets operate either in the restricted waters in
which they are stationed, as in the case of the Black and Baltic
Sea Fleets, or in waters adjacent to Soviet territory. (S)
a. Information is desired on exercises by
Northern and Pacific Fleets in waters at some distance from Soviet
territory. (C)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
IV, MILITARY (Continued)
D, Nam (Continued)
3, Amphibious Training: The Soviet Navy is be-
lieved to have only TC1m t apablity for amphibious opera-
tions, Such exercises have been reported infrequently., How-
ever, within the past year two new classes of amphibious ves-
sels have appeared in the Baltic Fleet area.
a. Submarine participation in these maneuvers
is of ifiterest. Include what role the submarine took in these
exercises. (S)
4. Long Range Submarines: The Soviet Navy's
long range submarines appear to have extended their operations
to areas outside of Communist-controlled waters. (S)
a. We are interested in information c3oncern-
ing Soviet submarine patrols in international waters and the
reasons for these patrols, (C)
5. Fleet Exercises: The specific themes of So-
viet tactical and :tleet exert ses are unknown. Intensive
training is usually conducted by Soviet naval units during the
summer months, ending by October. (S)
a, Information is needed on the type of exer-
cises undertaken by the Soviet Fleet, and on the proficiency
achieved in such exercises, Submarine maneuvers are of particu-
lar concern. (C)
6. Atomic Warfare Trainin : Due to the develop-
ment of nuclear weapons, would seem likely that- the Soviet
Navy would be receiving training in at least the defensive as-
pacts of atomic warfare. (S)
a. Among the indicators of this type of train-
ing would be. lectures,-issuances of pamphlets, washing down
or decontamination of vessels, installation and practice-in the
use of sprinkler system. (C)
7. Submarine Construction Developments: The 'dZw'
"W" and"Q"-class submarine construction programs have ended.
A new class, the '?F"-class, is now building in the Sudomekh
Shipyard in Leningrad. It is probable that other new submarine
construction programs are also underway in other areas of the
USSR, (3)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
IV. MILITARY (Continued)
D. Navy (Continued)
7. a, Information on new submarine construction
projects in the USSR is urgently required. This information
should include details of numbers of units building, types of
propulsion and weapons systems. (S)
8. Possible Guided Missile Gruisers: There are
indications that tfie Sverdlov cruiser program has come to an
end. Several of the last hulls built in this program have
been maintained in an unfinished state in the Leningrad area.
There is speculation that work on these ships has been suspended
until suitable guided missile installations are available.
a.- Information concerning the future of these
ships is desired. (S)
9. Naval Weapons and Ships to Non-Bloc nations:
The USSR has transferre a number of warships and naval weapons
to non-Bloc nations. (S)
a. Information on further transfers of this
nature are of interest. (S)
10. Scrapping or Mothballing of Warships: The
USSR has scrapped some ships and apparently placed some small
ships in mothballs. (S)
a. Further information on this subject is
desired. (C)
S E C R E T
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May - August 1959
U SR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC,
A. General
Although the development of Soviet science has been
progressing with astounding rapidity in the last few years, the XXI
Party Congress in January 1959 laid even more emphasis than before on
the importance of science for the material progress to be achieved under
the seven-year plan. Soviet leaders aim to overtake and surpass the most
advanced Western countries in all fields of basic and applied science.
Meanwhile, they plan to concentrate on certain priority subjects, such as:
increasing the supply of energy, particularly through controlled thermo-
nuclear reaction; advanced theoretical physics; study of outer space;
computers and automation; radio electronics; metallurgy and chemistry,
especially synthetic materials; experimental biology, biophysics, and
biochemistry. Unstated publicly, but understood, is continued attention
to all science which supports the development of weapons. The new
scientific program also calls for persistence in solving problems of
planning and coordination of scientific activities and of geographical
dispersal of institutions. (C)
1. Any recent evidence of new Russian goals, progress,
success and failure? (U)
2. Specific information as to the intensity of current
political., economic and military support to basic and applied science in
the USSR, (C)
3. What is the competence of scientific and technical
manpower and assignments, particularly in the field of specialization in
basic and applied science and for specific ministries and subordinate
institutes? (U)
4. Any new projects, planned or under study? (U)
5. Recent changes in Soviet scientific and technical
policies or plans. (U)
a..: Evidence of increased Soviet emphasis on the appli-
cation of scientific and technical assets to develop new or unique methods
of aggression, new or improved weapons and new or improved defensive
measures. (C)
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,May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
V. SctENTIFIC (Continued)
A 7? Increased Soviet efforts to raise scientific and
technical standards within the USSR to provide capabilities for continued
advances in the basic and applied sciences and thereby the potential for
scientific and technical productivity. (C)
g,, Data on increased scientific and technical spending
above level;;; previously planned. (C)
9, Any evidence of major changes or advances (break-
through) in the fields of priority scientific interest. (C)
10; Current Soviet scientific and technical aid programs
to Free World nations. (C)
11, Any details of specific scientific and technical
projects of the new Seven Year Plan (1959-1965), particularly those
assigned to the Ministry of Defense and Ministry of Medium Machine
Building (A:E, ministry). (C)
The third phase of the Soviet Civil Defense program was
scheduled to begin on 1 January 1959 and continue through 1960. Reports
indicate that the 2nd phase, which emphasized 22 hours of instruction
for every Soviet citizen above 15 years of age was scheduled to end on
31 December 1958; many rayons and oblasts, according to these reports,
had not completed these 22 hours and some had not even started as of
November 1958. (S)
1. Is there any evidence to show that Soviet Civil Defense
authorities have begun the third phase of the CD program? (C)
2. If the 3rd phase of this program has begun, what are
the details of instruction; (C)
a. Number of hours of instruction? (C)
b. Amount of time in training devoted to (1) BW defense
(2) CW defense (3) Atomic Warfare defense? (C)
program? (C)
c. Specific age :level of student participation in this
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
Bo 3. Do the Soviets propose to complete the 2nd phase of
CD training in areas which have not started it? (C)
C. Electronics
Since the end of World War II Soviet leaders have recognized
that electronics research and development is one of the principal founda-
tions of modern military and civil power, and they have placed the highest
priority on the development of militarily important electronics equipment
and electronic instrumentation for scientific investigation relating to
other important areas (nuclear techniques, guided missiles, and earth
satellites, geophysical exploration, etc.). The Soviet Union is now one
of the world leaders in electronics, having already achieved parity with
the US and other leading nations in some fields.
As a result of the high emphasis they have placed on electron-
ics (in terms of priority and allocation of personnel and resources), it
is expected that the Soviets will continue to produce results in this
field at an increasing rate. Most electronics research of military and
strategic significance is controlled by the military but other important
efforts are undertaken by the Academy of Sciences USSR, Soviet security
organizations, and the State Committees responsible for radio electronics,
defense technology, aviation technology, shipbuilding. As such, all in-
formation related directly to important Soviet electronics objectives is
subject to rigid and effective security controls. The main concentrations
of Soviet research and development facilities are located in: Moscow,
Leningrad, Khar'kov, Gor'kiy., Novosibirsk, and Tomsk. Experimental and
testing programs are often carried out in remote areas or in secure coastal
areas. (S)
1.. Information is especially desired on:
a. New electronic air defense equipment (long-range
radars, high-speed, high-capacity communications and data processing
equipment, etc.). (S1~X1DOa
b. circular antenna arrays, including accurate
description, location, information on operating organization and personnel,
and function of the array in each case. (S)
2. Specific information is desired ono
a. The organization, direction, and trends in current
computer research, development, and production; and on applications of
present Soviet computers, (S)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
C. 2, b. Projects developing"in acoustical detection devices
for submarines, aircraft and/or missiles. (S)
(S)
C. Infrared development, either scientific or military.
d. Soviet comments on the use of infrared, either by
the Soviet Bloc or by the West. (S)
D:. Guided Missiles
1. The USSR is known to possess a large and dynamic program
for the research and development of guided missiles and space satellites.
In the past three years, the Soviets have displayed their proficiency in
these fields with the successful firing of ICBM missiles to ranges of at
least 3,50() miles, the launching of three artificial satellites and the
showing of four types of guided missiles in the November 1957 Parade in
Moscow. In addition, the USSR has announced that it fired a number of
meteorological rockets in the Arctic, in the Antarctic and in central
Russia, where a high altitude record for a single stage rocket was at-
tained. German scientists recently returned from the USSR have also
indicated that the USSR has a very advanced missile program which is
capable of developing the most modern type of missiles and which holds
a position of the highest priority. (S)
a. Current data is desired regarding the Soviet guided
missile program, including: organizations, facilities, policy and plans
in the research and development of guided missiles, earth satellites and
space travel. (S)
2. Recently a number of leading Soviet scientists were
elected to membership or corresponding membership in the Department of
Technical Sciences; thirteen of these have been identified or associated
with the Soviet guided missile program. These persons are: V. P. Barmin
(Launching and Handling Equipment), V. N. Chelomey (Guidance and Control),
V. P. Gluhk,o (Liquid Rocket Engines), G. V. Kisaun'ko (Guidance and Con-
trol), S. P. Korolav (Ballistic Missiles), V. I. Kuznetsov (Guidance and
Control), S. A. Lavochkin (Surface-to-Air and Air-to-Air Missiles), A. L.
Mints (Guidance and Control), V. P. Mishin (Ballistic Missiles), V. V.
Novozhilov, G. I. Petrov (Earth Satellites), N. A. Pilyugin (Guidance and
Control), A. A. Raspletin (Guidance and Control), M. S. Ryazanskiy (Bal-
listic Missiles), V. V. Struminskiy, A. S. Zaymovskiy. (S)
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USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
D. 2. a, What scientific advances by these individuals war-
ranted their being elected to the Academy of Sciences? (S)
b. In what type of work have they been engaged for the
past five years? (S)
C. With what institutes or establishments are these
persons affiliated? (S)
3. The following installations are among those believed to
be engaged in the research of guided missiles or guided missile components:
Institute of Mechanics, AS, Institute of Automatics and Telemechanics, AS,
Moscow Higher Technical School, im, Bauman, Academy of Artillery"Sciences,
Institute of Machine Studies, AS, Institute of Mineral Fuels, AS. (C)
ao What have been the missile'-associated activities of
these establishments in the past five years. (S)
(S)
b, Who are the leading scientists at these establishments?
, What publications have these establishments published
in the past five years, (S)
d. In what current projects are they engaged? (S)
eo With what other organization and installation are
they associated? (S)
fe What facilities (laboratories, design bureaus) do
these establishments maintain or control? (C)
4. In 1955, the Soviets announced the formation of an Inter-
agency Commission for Interplanetary Communications whose object was the
establishment of a manned space station around the earth and space flight,
Numerous persons associated with this Commission have evidenced consider-
able knowledge of the Soviet guided missile program and have made state-
ments regarding possible Soviet attempts at flight into space, such as
trips to the moon. (C)
a. What is the exact function of this Commission in re-
search and development of earth satellites, space stations and space
travel? (C)
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USSR (Cont j:nued )
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
D. 4. b. Who are the members of the Commission? (C)
c. What is the internal organization of the Commission?
(C)
Commission? (C)
Commission? (C)
d. What establishments are engaged in projects for the
e. What current projects are being worked on by this
f. Is the Commission associated with any military
organization which is involved in the development or procurement of guided
missiles? If so, identify. (C)
5. The Soviets have made numerous statements regarding their
capability, to utilize guided missiles in the event of hostilities. (C)
a. What is the policy of the USSR in they location and
disposition of missile launch areas? (S)
b, What is the military thinking regarding the future
of short range ballistic missiles in military stockpiles? (S)
c, What is the current Soviet military thinking in terms
of defensive surface-to-air missiles against low-flying aircraft? (S)
missiles? (S)
d. What are the Soviet requirements for air-to-surface
6. Observation of a modified surface-to-air missile was
reported during September-October 1958. (S)
a, Report any evidence of deployment concept of the
missile in the USSR. (S)
equipment? (S)
b. What are its technical characteristics and associated
c. Report evidence of missile testing or production, (S)
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USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC: (Continued)
D. 7. Evidence has been obtained indicating that Plant 292 in
Saratov was engaged in the Soviet SAM ancilliary equipment production and
research. (S)
a. Has this Plant continued in the missile support equip-
ment.program? (S)
b. If so, what is their present contribution: who are
the associated suppliers and consumers? (S)
E. Organization of Science
1. It is believed that the CPSU Central Committee apparatus
includes a Scientific Department. (U)
a. Who is the present head of this Department? (U)
b. To what extent and in what ways do Soviet scientists
influence the decisions of the top party and government leaders? (U)
2. On 20 January 1959 Meditsinskiy Rabotnik reported that
the Council of Ministers, USSR, issued a decree changing the function and
structure of the Ministry of Health. It is claimed that this was done to
expand the rights and increase the responsibilities of the union republics
for directing public health and to improve the structure and curtail the
number of subordinate units of the Ministry of Health USSR. (U)
a. In what specific respects have the rights of the
union republics been expanded? (C)
b. What responsibilities of the union republics have
been increased over what they have always been? (C)
c. Specifically, what previously subordinate units have
now been curtailed as a result of the reorganization? (C)
d. What organizational changes other than in item c have
occurred in the Ministry of Health USSR as a result of the reportes
structure change? (C)
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
V. (Continued)
E. Geophysical, Astrophysical, and Space Sciences
1. During the International Geophysical Year (IGY) and
since the successful launching of "Sputnik I," the USSR has demonstrated
spectacular interest in advancing Russian knowledge in geophysics, astro-
physics, andL space science. All are fields of science that provide basic
knowledge having military applications. (C) Current data is desired on:
a. Developments in Soviet weather control, numerical'
weather prediction using computers, or long-period weather forecasting. (U)
b. New Soviet electronics, optical, photographic, or
radioastronbmical equipment suitable for rocket and satellite tracking. (U)
c. Soviet plans for space research including information
on vehicles, scientific instrumentation, personalities, organizations, and
ground facilities. (U)
d. Developments in Soviet astronomical research related
to space investigations including celestral mechanics as applied in cal-
culating trajectories to the moon and planets. (U)
e, Soviet advances in the development of seaborne and
airborne gravimeters. (U)
f. Indications that Soviets are using particular seismic
stations for detection of 'Western nuclear tests. (U)
g. Developments in Soviet geomagnetic instrumentation,
particularly magnetometers of all types as utilized in space exploration.
(U)
h. Soviet efforts to drill deep holes (25-50 thousand
ft. depth);through the earth crust. (U)
i. Soviet oceanographic surveying including specific
areas involved and types of observations being conducted. (U)
J. Current operations of the Soviet research submarine
"Severyauka.(U)
activity. (,U)
k. Current Soviet Arctic and Antarctic expeditionary
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May - August 1959
USSR (Continued)
V. 'SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
F. 1. 1. Current aspects of Soviet research in geological
mineral exploration and mapping including specific areas and types of
deposits discovered. (U)
M. New Soviet geochemical prospecting techniques and
areas being prospected using these techniques. (U)
n. Indications of Soviets having transportation and
construction problems in permafrost areas of USSR and developments in
Soviet research on permafrost. (U)
o. Soviet participation in International Geophysical
Cooperation (IGG) - 1959. (U)
G. Nuclear Power and Nuclear Research
1. At Geneva the Soviets repeatedly mentioned an experi-
mental reactor test center located somewhere on the Volga or Kuybyshev Sea
in Ul1yanovsk Oblast. (S)
a. What is the exact location of this test center? (S)
struction? (S)
b, How many reactors are now in operation or under con-
c. What were/will be the dates of operation of each of
the reactors? (S)
d. Are there chemical processing plants for nuclear
fuel in this center? (S)
e. Is there an experimental area which is isolated from
the other areas? (S)
the center? (S)
f. What are the details and salient features concerning
2. One of the outstanding areas of Soviet metallurgical in-
terest as shown at Geneva in 1958 was in the development and testing of
plutonium and plutonium alloys. Although it is claimed by the Soviets
that such research is performed in the Moscow area, there is ample reason
to believe that development involving any significant quantity of plutonium
is carried on elsewhere. (S)
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USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
G. 2. a. Current information on research centers and personnel
concerned with metallurgy of plutonium is very much needed. (S)
3. At Geneva Emelyanov spoke of a Beloyarsk nuclear power
plant, implying that Beloyarsk was in the Urals, Details of a coal-burning
thermal power plant at Beloyarsk 50 Km East of Sverdlovsk have appeared in
the Soviet press. (S)
a. Is the nuclear power station to be attached to,-or
part of the thermal power plant at Beloyarsk or is it a separate entity?
(S)
Scientific and Technical Assistance Program
1. The Russian nuclear electric power program. has been widely
advertised by the Soviets at home and to Bloc and non-Bloc countries through
the Soviet technical assistance program. Some Satellites, as well as Yugo-
slavia, Egypt, and India, have accepted technical assistance, materials and
suppliers for nuclear electric power plants under the Soviet program. (C)
a. The technical details of present and future Soviet
developed nuclear electric power facilities at home and abroad are desired
as well as plans for technical improvements. (U)
2. In March 1956, eleven Sino-Soviet Bloc nations (USSR,
Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, East Germany, Communist China, North Korea,
Mongolia, Poland, Rumania and Czechoslovakia) signed an agreement to
unite their efforts for nuclear research and organized the Joint Institute
for Nuclear Research in Dubna. North Vietnam became a member in September
1956, and it is probable that other Bloc and neutral countries will be
invited to participate in the Institute. For example, Egypt and Yugo-
slavia, with which the USSR already has nuclear cooperation agreements,
may be asked to join. Invitations to India, Burma, Afghanistan, the Arab
Countries and the Scandinavian countries are also considered likely. (C)
institute? (C)
a. What new member countries have been received in the
b. Is there any evidence that the agreements are not
being fulfilled? (C)
c. What research projects are under study? (C)
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USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
H. 2. d. What projects are being planned, and what is the
degree of success or failure? (C)
e. Are any defense or classified projects being studied?
If so, give details. (C)
f. What Soviet scientific and technical aid is being
granted to the Soviet Bloc,countries? (U)
g, What are the actual numbers of Soviet scientific and
technical personnel involved? (U)
h. What actual assistance has been given, as distinct
from broad commitments expressed in aid agreements? (U)
i. Any indication of Soviet intentions to extend
scientific and operational assistance in the nuclear energy field to
non-Communist states, particularly Asia and Latin America. (U)
j. Any suggestions that the USSR is seeking to establish
scientific and technical relations or training programs with additional
countries in the underdeveloped areas. (U)
k. All Soviet approaches to scientific and technical
personnel, including proposals for contracts and invitations to visit
and study in the USSR. (U)
3. There is considerable exchange of delegations and
d Far East and other underdevelop-
a
Middl
f th
e
n
e
specialists of countries o
ed areas in Africa and South America with those of the USSR. (U)
a.
visited New Delhi,
industry of India.
On
India
(U)
15 October 1958 a group of medical specialists
to help develop the drug and pharmaceutical
(1)
What were their recommendations? (C)
(2)
How many plants will be established? (C)
duced?
(C)
(3)
What drugs and pharmaceuticals will be pro-
cians?
(C)
(4)
Will the plants be manned by Soviet techni-
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USSR (Continued)
V. SCIEN'IFI,C
(Continued)
H. 3. a. (5) Are East Indians being trained in the USSR to
operate the plants? (C)
(6) What quantities of production are planned? (C)
(7) How is construction of plants to be financed? (C)
(8) In what ways is Soviet medical aid to India being
publicized? Is there much publicity about this aid within the USSR? (C)
(9) What is the organizational structure of the
governmental which sets the policy, establishes priority, and implements
the aid program? (C)
b. A Russian team, invited by the Government of India,
arrived in New Delhi to establish a model pediatric hospital. Soviet
experts, to be present for 2-3 years were to provide specialized training
in all branches of pediatrics. (U)
(1) Have any current references been made in the
Soviet press to the operation of this hospital? (C)
c. A seminar for foreign medical specialists and public
health experts which lasted over a month was held in the USSR in October
1958. The seminar was designed to acquaint visitors with all facets of
medical and: public health activities in the USSR. (U)
months? (C)
(1) Have similar seminars been held in recent
d. A trade agreement was signed between Iraq and the
USSR on 11 October 1958. The USSR is to supply among other things,
pharmaceuticals to Iraq. (S)
(1) Have pharmaceutical consignments been shipped?
If so, what kinds of pharmaceuticals and in what quantity? (S)
e. On 10 February 1959, the USSR donated medical equip-
ment for an eye hospital in Damascus. (C)
donated? (?')
(1) What quantity and type of equipment were
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USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
H. 3. f. A 97-bed, Soviet-operated hospital was in operation
in December 1958 in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, (C)
(1) What types of services are offered? (C)
(2) Has the Soviet press carried any references to
services of hospital? (C)
g. The Ethiopian Government has accepted a Soviet offer
to establish a school for hospital technicians in Addis Ababa. (S)
(1) Has the school been established? (S)
(2) Are Soviet instructors used? (S)
(3) Are Ethiopian students being trained in the
USSR? (S)
h. A Soviet delegation arrived in Libya in February
1959 to examine the Libyan aspects of the Soviet proposal to construct
two 50-bed hospitals to be located in Tripolitania and Cyrenaica. (S)
(1) Have any references been made in the Soviet
press to the construction of these hospitals? (C)
i. The Soviets began construction of a hospital located
in Taunggyi, Burma, in 1958 and expect completion to be in 1961. Burmese
personnel are to be trained in the USSR in preparation for staffing the
hospital. (C)
(1) Are any Burmese being trained in the USSR? (C)
(2) Have any references been made in the Soviet
press to the construction of their hospitals? (C)
j. The Soviets began construction of a hospital in Phnom
Penh, Cambodia in 1958 and completion is expected to be in 1960. (C)
(1) Have any references been made in the Soviet
press to the construction of their hospitals? (C)
k. Nepal has under consideration a 50-bed Soviet gift
hospital project offered to the King during his visit in June 1958 to
the USSR. (C)
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USSR (Continued)
V. SCIENTIFIC (Continued)
H. 3. k. (1) Has offer been accepted? If so, have proposals
for construction been made? (C)
(2) Have any references been made in the Soviet
press to the offer to build the hospital? (C)
1, In the latter part of 1958, 15 Nepalese students ac-
cepted medical scholarships for study in the USSR, (U)
in the USSR? (C)
(1) Are any Nepalese medical students being trained
(2) Have references been made in the Soviet press
to the training of Nepalese medical students? (C)
I. Social Science
The reports of the 21st Congress CPSU and of the preparatory
sessions preceeding it indicated a serious desire on the part of the
Soviet leaders to develop a "new Soviet man" and to utilize social science
research in liberating the oppressed of Africa and in achieving a World
Communist State. (C)
reforms? (C)
2. How much influence is exerted upon Soviet political
]Leaders by social scientists in the USSR? (C)
3. What, if any, ties exist between the research of the
Africanists in the Academy of Sciences, USSR and the recent uprisings
in Africa. (S)
4. Do the opinions of social psychologists p]..ay a role in
programming ithe missile and space programs in the USSR? (5)
5. What is the degree of influence of the Academy of
Social Sciences on the national and international policies of the USSR? (S)
1. What role did science play in formulating the education
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PERIODIC REQUIREMEN?S LIST
(1 May - 31 August 1959)
I. POLITICAL
A. Soviet-Satellite Relationship
Soviet efforts since the fall of 1956 to reassert
the"_-USSR's unquestioned leadership of the Communist Bloc and
to reinforce Bloc unity have by now attained a large measure
of success. The stability of the individual regimes has been
shored-up and strengthened to the point that a sequence of
events such as occurred in Poland and Hungary in 1956 is not
likely to develop at the moment. Although Tito has long been
read out of the Communist Bloc and the Yugoslavs have been at
least ostensibly isolated ideologically, Moscow has also made
efforts not to incur the unfavorable propaganda effects which
resulted when the campaign was carried to much greater lengths
during the 1948-53 period. With the application of political
and limited economic pressure on the Yugoslavs, however, the
Bloc's campaign has necessarily spilled over into the state
sphere, and certain Bloc members (i.e., China, Albania, Bul-
garia and Czechoslovakia) continue to take the lead in bitter
polemics with Belgrade. Relations have been "frozen" with
China and Albania, but neither the Bloc countries nor. Yugo-
slavia appear to desire to initiate a complete break in rela-
tions. Moreover, most of the Bloc countries continue, to main-
tain at least trade ties with Belgrade. Within the
Bloc,
the
most glaring divergency continues to be Polish Party
Secretary Gomulka's determination, reaffirmed at the
First
March
1959
Polish Party Congress, to maintain a degree of independence,
especially in dealing with Polish internal policies. (C)
Despite the improved stability of the Bloc regimes,
there are two recent developments which are likely to exacer-
bate political tensions within many of these countries. The
theses for the Soviet Seven Year Plan and Khrushchev's speech
to the 21st Soviet Party Congress both reveal a new surge for-
ward, based on the premise that the Soviet Union has reached a
new stage of Communist development--that of P4all-out building
of a Communist society." The impetus of this surge has already
been reflected in the Satellites, especially in Bulgaria and
Czechoslovakia, but more recently in Hungary, where Kadar's
previous rather moderate approach to internal economic problems
has been all but scrapped. This new surge is likely to be re-
flected increasingly in the Satellites and cause exacerbation
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May - August 1959
SOVX EST BLOC (Continued)
.I:? POLITICAL (Continued)
A. Soviet-Satellite Relationship (Continued)
of pr.3pular hostility to the regimes. Furthermore, the fact
that Poland is demonstrably not playing its part in this
campaign may result in renewed friction in, its relations
with Moscow. (C)
1. Evidence of increased pressure by the Bloc
on Poland to greater conformity, (U)
2. Evidence of renewed internal difficulties
caused by a step-up in the pace of "building socialism." (U)
3, Evidence that the USSR continues to permit
one or another of the Satellites some autonomy in internal
policies. Is there any evidence that the continued tension
over Berlin is having any effect on the degree of autonomy
permitted various Satellites? (U)
4. Evidence of Soviet plans to reduce further
its troop strength in the Satellites, or conversely that the
USSR has no plans .along this line whatsoever. (U)
5. Evidence that the number of Soviet officials
in a given Satellite is increasing or decreasing, and why.
(U)
6. Evidence that the Satellite regimes are re-
verting in any way to the traditional hostilities that have
long; a,ff licted the area.
7. Concerning such organizations as CEMA and the
Warsaw Pact, what role is played by the Satellite representa-
tives in these organizations? Are they rubber stamps, or are
they: in fact permitted to take an active part in the orga,niza--
tion.'s activities, particularly in the discussion and formula
tion of policies? (U)
8. What is the organizational structure of the
new theoretical journal? What degree of influence do the var-
ious Satellite countries exercise on editorial policy and how?(U)
B. Communist Party Stability
1. Factionalism within the Satellite parties--
brought into the open with the 20th congress of the CPSU and
the de-Stalinization campaign--remains a serious problem for
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May,. - August 1959
SOVIET BLOC (Continued)
1. POLITICAL (Continued)
B. Communist Party Stability (Continued)
the Satel.lite.leader It may be exacerbated further by the
new "sur e" forward in the Bloc. We need evidence of growth,
or continuation, of this factionalism within Satellite parties
or between parties. (U)
a.. Report evidence of