THE EFFECTS OF THE ECONOMIC REORGANIZATION ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES IN THE UKRAINIAN SSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP61S00527A000200120022-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 10, 1998
• Sequence Number: 22
• Publication Date: May 15, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

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CSM No. 579 Copy No.-
15 May 1958
CURRENT SUPPORT MEMORANDUM
THE EFFECTS OF THE ECONOMIC REORGANIZATION ON
TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES IN THE UKRAINIAN SSR
OFFICE OF RESEARCH AND REPORTS
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This report represents the immediate views of the
originating intelligence components of the Office
of Research and Reports. Comments are solicited.
This document contains information affecting the national defense of
the United States, within- the meaning of the espionage laws, Title 18
USG, Sections 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which
in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
73
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-B~err~t
THE EFFECTS OF THE ECONOMIC REORGANIZATION-ON
TELECOM A'II g~ ACILITIES IN- THE UKRAINIAN SSR
One of the objectives of the economic reorganization of Soviet
industry in 1957 was to enhance and strengthen the role of the repub-
lic governments in day-to-day economic decision making. Thus, the
republic governments were to provide more leadership and more control
over planning, financing, and managing their subordinate sovnarkhozes
(economic regionnl.4councils) and enterprises. In carrying out this
change, new telecommunications patterns are evolving. Substantial
evidence from the Ukrainian SSR indicates that at least in the Ukraine
extensive construction and rearrangement of telecommunications facili-
ties is being undertaken:. 1/ It would follow that similar work is
going on in the rest: of the country.
As a result of work on telecommunications facilities, the capital
of the Ukraine has been placed in a better position to give closer
guidance and direction to the sovnarkhozes and a closer working relation-
ship between the sovnarkhozes has been esthiished'. The telecommuni-
cations requirements that have evolved from the economic reorganization
are apparently being met as rapidly as possible but serious obstacles
are being encountered in providing adequate interurban telephone service
and in obtaining the necessary investment funds.
Following the organization of sovnarkhozes in the Ukrainian SSR,
business meetings were held between oblast communications admini-
strations and sovnarkhoz directors to aid the Ukrainian Ministry of
Communications in determining the new requirements for telecommuni-
cations facilities and services.
The first step taken within sovnarkhozes was to establish a
number of new iriterurbafi telephone circuits and to reroute other in-
terurban telephone circuits.--..,,sovnarkhozes encompassing several oblasts
received additional channels for-use with their Oblast centers. In
addition, by 1 August 1957, 46 intraoblast circuits have been put into
operation and 54 more circuits were to be added by the end of 1957.
To expedite the flow of telecommunications traffic between sov-
narkhozes, new direct circuits were installed and existing circuits
expanded between several sovnarkhoz centers. At the same time, ap-
paratus was being installed on existing interurban wirelines between
Kiev and the other sovnarkhozes in the republic to multiply circuit
capacity. Consequently, between Kiev and seven of the other ten re-
public sovnarkhozes, there were established additional interurban
channels (up to four with each sovnarkhoz). Additional channels,
to be obtained by using the same multiplying technique, are to become
available between Kiev and the three remaining Ukrainian sovnarkhozes
in the near future.
The first in a series of subscriber telegraph exchanges, a com-
paratively new telecommunications service in the USSR, was being in-
stalled in Stanislav in 1957. In the near future all sovnarkhoz
centers in the Ukraine are to have subscriber telegraph service with
outlets to the all-union subscriber telegraph network. At some later
date it is planned to expand this service to subordinate enterprises
of the sovnarkhozes.
Although total telecommunications investment expenditures for the
benefit of the economic reorganization in the Ukraine are not known,
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an important part of the investment funds for that purpose in 1957
probably come from sovnarkhozes, industrial enterprises, construction
organizations, and local governments. It was reported that in 1957
more than 52. million rubles for that year's outlays were to come from
these sources for investment in sovnarkhoz telecommunications facilities.
Of this sum, forty million rubles were to. be spent for the construction
of 12 radio-broadcasting and television "structures" and associated
radio relay lines--presumably microwave radio relay lines which can be
used for telephone and telegraph traffic as well as the relay of radio
and television programs. The remaining 12 million rubles were to be
spent to install new automatic and manual telephone exchanges, inter-
urban telephone switchboards, teletype machines, multiplexing equip-
ment, and long distance wireline.
In spite of the progress that was made in 1957, the Ukrainian
Ministry of Communications reports that existing interurban telephone
facilities are still far from sufficient to satisfy the needs of the
sovnarkhozes and the republic state planning committee. Many existing
interurban telephone circuits are inadequate and long delays occur in
making connections. In attempting to overcome the inadequacy of the
telephone system, the 1958 telecommunications plan in the Ukraine
stresses the need for expanding the urban telephone network and inter-
urban telephone circuits. 2/ One major project scheduled to begin in
1958 is the construction of a microwave radio relay line between Kiev
and Kherson. This line reportedly will connect sovnarkhozes, oblasts,
and industrial enterprises with Kiev. 3/
To execute the 1958 plan for telecommunications, the monetary and
material resources of sovnarkhozes, industrial enterprises, construction
organizations, and local governments are to be used. The Ukrainian
Ministry of Communications states, however, that the USSR Ministry of
Communications must give financial aid to the republic ministry in
order to expand telecommunications circuits between sovnarkhozes. 4/
It is evident, however, that the USSR Ministry of Communications pre-
fers that most of. the funds be obtained from within the republic.
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TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN THE UKRAINE
Odessa
Sovnarkhoz boundaries.
Interurban wireline facilities mentioned as being constructed,
improved, or rearranged in connection with the economic
reorganization in the Ukrainian SSR.
-'- Planned microwave radio relay line.
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'EV
Nikola
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Analysts:
Sources:
25X1A9a
1.
CIA. CIA/RR CSM 558, Effects of USSR Economic Reorganization
on Telecommunications, 28 Feb 58,
2.
CIA. FDD Summary no 2, 25 Mar 58, Transportation,
Communi-
cations and Electric Power in the USSR, p. 60-61,
3.
Ibid., p. 65, U
4.
Ibid., p. 60-61, U
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