"THE MYSTERIOUS DOINGS OF CIA": BY RICHARD AND GLADYS HARKNESS; IN THE SATURDAY EVENING POST, 6 NOVEMBER 1954; PP. 66 AND 68.

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP60-00321R000100090002-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 76
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 26, 2014
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: November 6, 1954
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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FROM: Albs flysterious Doings of GIA*, Ey Diehard and Dladys Harkness'
in TEX SATUEDAITMENING Pam, 6 November 1954; pp. 66 and 0.
*In Egypt the communists were making capital of the .1Asoivious
gime of King Farouk. Skilled American political operatives were
eirailehle to advise leaders of a pro?American Egyptianmilitery junta
when the time eeemed[tipe for a palace coup, and they Indicated how
:Such devious matters an best arranged. Another C1&-influenced
triumph was .the successful overthrow, in Iran..offlassadegh....
? *The soundness of this theory huts' proof not only in the
visible CommUniet setbacks in Iran, Egypt, and Guatemala...*
S.Ufb
P
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sv ssa?sliNtituN POST UUL 3 U 1953
ANTI ?rrstne TYrrrt A w
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ME I.' Ella ? ? ? By Joseph Mop
?
, To 14 aille or \of to Wattle
Egyintan President Gyulai b
Abdel Nasser's seizure Of the ?
Suez Canal Company is being
compared in knowledgeable S
circles here to the aggression
in Korea In 1930, and even to
the assination at Saralee.. in 4
1914 in 1914 which sparked II
the First World War.
Nasser's actin') may itqt
that serious But it k serums ,
enough, at British Prime Min?
Ister Sir Anthony Eden's lt. is
gent Invitation to Secretary
of State John Foster Dull? .
suggests At any rate. I.
worth und-rstandMe I ?IN t
what is at srike.
' The hulk of the nil winch
keeps the industr) of Brits,1
and Westet n Fsiropr tutivig
river passes Runnel' the Suez
Canal: $c' driec Europe's lead.-
with Asia. The speech he
Nasser In which he announced
the Canal seizure was extraor-
dinarily bitter and Irrational,
filled with an infatuated sense
of personal power. It reads in
many ways like a speech by
Adolf Hitler. with strong pro-
Communist overtones. It is
such a man, then, who will
have a grip on the econorma
jugular vein of Britain and
Europe..if Nasser is allowed to
get away with his unilateral
action.
,Ought. in hear on the Brit-
di to evacuate the -Canal
Atut It. was Secretary of.
late Dulles Wan took the
? ad In 'the AtiatIn.Aniedcan
1..init. ji svithdr4W the Of
?rs nelp finance the Aswan
)ani-.a derision which led Al
eetiv to ;Coln s act of des
i nee
Isis teen said that Dulles'
or? Supt. e AS a triumphant
Amble because Soviet For-
ts i Mit:wee tintitti Shen'.
s Lc:narked
inc. Set let Union was
rialsirserliiR' helping 10
roy ``ei! lie; r After ,economic arm-twisting has an
,
action," or could Wart, ?a`i.
Middle Eastern or avenge gen',
oral war.
In this situation there 'Sr
three alternative court' ci
action; all hideously Unsure, s
thy. One is to waffie?ttr peo
tett, '
La denounce, but to sifs
nothing. I
Another Is lo bring roam- '
Mum %economic and political ,?
pressure on Nasser. .Egypijs
sterling accounts have already.
been frozen, and other puni-
tive economic rueasurr, s can
alSO be taken, like undercut.
leg ligypt in the world col
ton Markel; linr Ibk kind of
tiii"-. are ifiln- unpleasant smell to the %%mid
and It \you'd leave Nasser no
where to Dien but to Moscow.
which is precisely what Mns-
cow wants. ?
A third alternative Is to
send the British parachute and
Royal Marini, detachments on
Cyprus to the Canal Zone.
and back 'them up with the
American *Sixth Fleet. But
the Egyptian army, such as it
Is, would almost surely re-
sist and war would result.
Much of the world would re-
gard the Western powers as
the real aggressors. And a
small war with Egypt might
lead on to ultimate,horrors.
The British probably will
not use force without Ameri-
can backing. This Is an elec-
tion year. Thus the betting
is about ten to one on a policy
of waffling, and the grumbling
acceptanre of another major
setback for the weakening
West
c".?.?int ism York
7 ritgal? In, I
a pier,. 01 property.
? in 0. u Ildraw ? the other
is set) ant to a..? Jolt: an air
'ifindilleretice The Sot iet
Onject.ve has clearly been to
make crrtain that Nasser,
hen he goes to Moscow nest
month, will arrive hat In hand
an without real bargaining
lulu Cr.
The ...hjet tivr has been
achics erl, n.1 the dange ? of
a Faniet.E7s.tnian deal which
will make the Sosiet Union
the rtuu4es of the Middle East
must he added in the dangers
inherent in N:isSer's ,eizure
of tim Canal.
ass
IT IS NO wonder that some
of the British are talking very
tough ? talkint indeed. in
terms which recall the had old
imperialist days .ef Disraeli
and _Palmerston. when the
Canal was born But it is also
well to understand the Amer
? :can stake fn the matter
American Middle Esco,rn
oil also moves tFirnugh the
? Canal, and will heneeforth do
so. if Nasser has 11,4 way. only
bs courtesy of the Egyptian
' strongman. But that is oul . i
part of the Amariean slake
The biggest part is the Bi lush
alliance. British prestige in-
1 fluence and power have been
shrinking stearliir If Egypt
successfully defies (1 re a I.
Britain on a matter absolulich
, vi?el to British interests. !f,ll.
it is no exaggeranor la ...
that Brltain Is through. o? ss
' and for all. as a g:eat jostiei
The value of the 'mato- %mei
lean alliance. woieli reinain.
the heart awl ....ii of Western
strength, will ;hien he sherpi?
and disastrously dots nip ade.i
.. ? M'hat is siore. what litis new
hannencft IN a trey direel re.
stilt of American, not Rd'I
italics- it is no !octet i hat
? Jefferson Caffrey, f o r :Par
American A ni h atssdor .r.
Cairo, had a tot :0 dii v en
Innalkng the Ni ,ser IP
' Through ratters. more.,?,....
'cry ? hast pi r cv ?r ..t .5
C114
TIIERE ARC other dangers.
Ti'. hi ar114. for example.
Count Nasser Hien most for.
mtdabl. enemy If asser now
Mut:Moot': tlretes Ine von er
.tf (1:0;-1. and tundra. the.
Iimelude that Israel is
nest in h The Israeli
in ? tal:e -preventive
s
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WASHINGTON POST A I I o
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' 41A
?
!Economic Poverty ;
Behind ,Suez Crisis
By Marquis Childs
? WHILE Secretary of State John Fos* ,
. Dulles was tali in London conferring with '
the French and the British on tin Suez
'Canal crisis, it was determined that his re-
' tune should be hailed as
? another triumph for
.1'brinlattanship" or the
: art of pulling back from
,
the brink of war.
? Dulles' argument for
restraint did have a calm-
ing effect and he success-
fully pressed his can for
a 24-nation conference on
internationalizing t Ii e
canal. Aut any sense of
Childs
One reason is sa1d4o.bani. been pressure -
from Senators inns the Smith, anxious to
prevent more world rentrpefition from
Egyptian cotton, who stipulated that thi'
Aawan Dam deal he calk:toff in return foe
their support of the foreign aid bat Eta
triumph, as reflected in whatever the moUn, thee* in which the
? the Secretary's reiteration of the force of offer was pulled, back tanned delfbirately
? "moral principle?' In his White House talk,. designed to send Nasser 'off on some new
has long since faded. -adventure. ' . ?
The threat to the canal which, In turn, Whatever any and all 0 his Shims.,
. menaces the whole Western stake in the about Nasser is Ins than the truth. But
. Middle East, including Europe's oil supply, from the viewpoint of Western politic and
has brought the painful realization that this the effort to maintain stability in the MIS
)country has, in fact, had no Egyptian or die East, to denounce Nasser is a dune-
. ,Mident policy in any constructive or post- time is irrelevant, ...,
tivi sinus of the word. It is irrelevant to the mann and tar&
a ? It is important to recall the sequence cif fying facts of present-day Egypt As the
I recent events. On Nov. 14,1934, Gams! Air Population Reference Bureau recently
itt del Nasser supplanted Gen. Mohammed Ni' ? ponder:I out, Egypt's birth Me if cal te
T. gulb, who had been aiming at military tile,' highest In the world.. At the ,same time,
A tatorship. The private boast widely &nu- ''. the death rate, thanks to modern tenth
/ lsted in Washington was that this bloodless techniques, dropped 40 per cent between
14 coup had been engineered by the Central 1945 and 1032.
.
I' Intelligente Agency and that Nasser was .
N..0 1 . ? ..
/ "our war THE SOILING viprurgo of populadon-J 4
Shortly afterward, Henry Byroad. 'went ; M million people in a errantry in which 94 ?
as American Ambassador to Cairo. Those per rent of the land Is desert?mixed %kith
who have seen his first dispatches sa? 'Jim', , ;he dynamite of nationalism, spells revolu-
hs reported not that Nasser was 'nu man tion of one kind or another.
but that he "could be our man." To the other Arab countries, and even
res to many of the neutrals, this will seem to
THERE FOLLOWED a long haggle me? he a contest not merely between Arab and:
the possible sale of American arms ?rt 1 Vestern powers, nor even between "cola
EkYnt. with negotiations reportedly breek . mai" and "imperial" nations, but between
log down over Egyptian insistence that IntS the haves and the have-nots. For this rea-
ment could be made only in British titer- son, if for no other, it has the most danger.
ling. ? 010 implications for the oil supply on which
Then came the American-British propos- ? the economy of Western Europe depends. .
. al to build the high Aswan Dam on the Seen from this viewpoint, It must appear
Nile. ThLe went so far that Eugene Black that the West had no alternative but to
head of the International Bank for Reran. try to work with 'Nasser to alleviate the
? struetion, discussed VIA project with Nasser ' tearful pressures of hunger and popula.
not once but twice. Black believed that lion In Wart, with its heroic struggle
with an initial grant of $70 million from to move forward economically and Indus- '
the two Western powers?S56 million from trially, there must be some realization of
the Unluid States and $14 million from the threat inherent In the Inflamed Egyp?
? areat Britain?the dam could be built to tian masc
the great Ninth of Egypt. The question now is whether this is all
But abralriy, and with almost no warning in the tragic realm of what might have been ?
to officials 41 the bank who were still die or whether it may still be possible to check'*
cussing swans of a bank loan Dulles with the swirl descent into the whirlpool.
drew th, tfoterman offer.. . - - -.--..
fi
1 .
4
?
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4" / '356
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rifts hington WiiI spurs"
American dialornete end itsteiligena I
bpprmisers bet execifti WU PO. cent
wrong on Egyae awed Meg Was.
tier. They had decidal tried :her
really bed a neacrtYn Nair &Sore
he joined up Well SOO Rot j
?
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NEW OhtLEANS ITEM-
t:rO1bCI
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'Ls' OM.. ? ?-
Frees
(Editor's Netet ?
?
Portion. with ilis.'elibtipht.
conthmes tils.ithpatehe
from the Middle Eggt..gtle ,
en will follow.)
BY MEW "FAISON
EGYPTIANt1 Rork
DER.?In the files. of the
American Embassy in Cairo Is
a speech delivered by Col. GA:
mat Abdel Nasser :whkh? the,
American public ha a never
read or heard about.
It has been cabled to the
Stale Dept. in Washington, but
has never been released, nor
%nil it be.
For it shows t h e megalo-
maniacal character of the dlr.
tator Jobe Loiter Dulles
--picked when be bet American
foreign policy in the Near
? East 'en Colonel Nasser.
? . 7--
? t
?
. ? -
HERE IS the way Colonel
ti Nasser boasted to the Eg.vP-
e' Gait people about the way NJ,
1.-1browbeat American diplomats:'
"Immediately after the arms-
' d,al was announced, Washing-
ton dent a delegate, George
Allen, to Egypt,!' declared Nes-
see, referring to the man who
we then Assistant Secretary
for t h e Near East. "Cables
from Washington said Allen
.1% carried an ultimatum to Egypt.
"Then an American official
(reported to be U. S. Ambas-
sador Henry Broade) asked to
meet_ and I agreed. Retold me
- ? *
*Ica- A
!ft
tploinats.
/*age-. ;war butts.
Pade?' ? .
". annyered: ;ilia. se 13
hetetzin p r the t-a 1. Cense-
OS 1 gnitraitie, .this.
Egypt's pfidertailLonlyle hurt'
by the letter but net in piens
"I sat& 'Listen to me. I'm
not ? professional Pr I en e
Minister. I never In my life ?
expected to become Prime
Minister. It just happened.
If your representative comes-
intiltny office and says one
word, I will tick him out.
That Is ufrictid.'
"The American official
called once again. He said he
had informed Mr. Allen of our
talk and that Mr. Allen was
perplexed. He said: 'Allen says
that if he cornea to-Inform you
of the message he will be
kicked out. 'And if he god
back to Mr. Dulles without
communicating the message,
Mr. Dulles' will dismiss him.'
"Mr. ARep came, but did not
open his mouth. He sat and
listened to the Egyptian view-
point and briefed me on the
American viewpoint."
. .
ME ABOVE tirade mains
one or both of two things:
(I) Colonel Nasser has got
into the habit of behaving like
WI t.i e r in receiving foreign
diplomats.
121 Some American diplo-
mals,.. unless ifcisser strayed
HENRY BYROADE
he was very sorry. He said
Allen carried a strongly word-
ed message from the American
government which might hurt
Egypt's pride in nittionob
? 1,
."He said: '10 this connec-
'.tioh," -assure you, you can
more all 'Is possible effects
.;afirl I advise you to accept.' ?
41 asked !dm: A.stiessage?,
huulthig Egypt's nethmal.
hm and pride? W la 4,t do ,
you Mean by hurting Egypt's
pride and nationalism.
? "He said: 'It is a message'
from Mr. Dulles. A very strong
message. We ourselves are
amazed by the way this mes-
sage is being sent. We ask you
to maintain your nerves. You
are always calm. Do accept
his message with cool nerves.
.? ? ?
? _
the Arab skated. TheyAfear
Arabian:oil may idler as a
re sul ti-Of -Afberican?private
supporrfor Israel. This groin
is led try;Undarsecretgry Ha- .1- .
? bert HonVer. Jr.,' but has po;.
tent backbit from Loy Render.' 4?1;.-
son antother pro-Arab diplo- .
mats, :-
tip 'Colonel Nasser had
tenet atinPart?of a neve. little-
known 'arm of, U. S..,foreign
policy?the Central Intelik ?
gence Agency. JelifitinTe r
heldillirrifficial bureau of
America,- foreign policy.
?,. brother Allen heads the shed-.
owy, sometimes more potent
ALLEN DULLESbnach:gagge, jiin policy the
CIA. ? .
? ?
afraid to carry out instructions Pa v., `
from Washington. TO TRUE who know 'both
. ? .- Dulles brothers, Allen Is the
THE REASONS why Dulles less pubinized but the more 4-z
and advisers made such an able. He reports on foreign
error regarding t h e untried affairs direct to the President.
38year-old Egyptian dictator The rectum en ;lit I ? i? ? aro ?
are: based on the nepcirts of a vast
On the 'surface Nair army of secret agents. lb*
ser had a good case. The identity of some, if known, 4:4111.?31:
Egyptian masses definitely would cause their death.
'needed kelp.- Thirty Egyp- Bet benne they *perste
thus own most of the wealth secretly, because they have
of the country?a situation been haratine from Camper
made for Communist props. atonal investigation, became
ganda and revolt. But No- there h no public accounts
ser n ever carried out his log of CIA funds, CIA's
Promises, spent his money ports_ary.aomethie0ii tiff
an Inns, not tor . his people.'
Ili A .pro?Arah? clique ig:F...,C114-,*?? a /tiring 't Colonel'
side stir State Dept has urged "'Nasser. irnia,-.-ven. hare
more support for Egypt and helped him- Into office
*far from the truth, have bee;
? Ais4;foske
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NasseCs Aims .
? ? ? ? ? --it ;. ? ?
-11
The Egyptian Leader Has Voiced Some Heady AnthitiO4;
The Question Is Whether He Plans to Pursue Them:H'
By WILLIAM HUSKY ClIsMtilltaN
I.
Where is Egyptian President Nasser
headed? What are his long-range goals and
.objectives?
Is there a reasonable chance that he will
nettle down to the big task of trying to
develop his own country economically and
seeking to relieve the dire poverty in which
most Egyptians live? Or is he committed
to a policy of moving from crisis to crisis,
from shock to shock, from adventure to ad-
venture?
If there were firm, sure answers to these
questions, it would be much easier to formu-
late and coordinate ? united Western policy
toward Egypt. As Secretary of State Dulles
remarked in a recent news conference, The
Suez Canal problem should be soluble if it is
regarded not as ? struggle of colonialism
against anti-colonialism, of Europe against
Asia, but as a simple technical problem of
providing a competent, efficient and Impar-
tial administration of a great international
Waterway.
The course of negotiations should soon in-
dicate whether Nasser will be satisfied with
a businesslike 'Suez settlement, giving fair
consideration 'both to Egypt's Tuitional rights
and to the interests of the big usere of the
Canal, or whether the seizure of Suez is
only a step In a program of heady personal
and national aggrandizement.
Oratorical Flights
The world has suffered so much in our
time frotrt aggretalv? dictators that some
concern may p. 1,gitimately felt over some
of the Methods and oratorical flights of
Colonel Nasser, despite the fact that he has
displayed a Capacity to blow hot and cold,
to alternate unilateral actions with profes-
sions of willingness to negotiate.
Although Egypt is not remotely com-
parable in military and economic strength
with pre.war Germany, a suspicious mind
might see two of Hitler's familiar gambits
being repeated on the Nile. One is the pram
tice of following up arbitrary acts with
pacific assurances. The other is to harp on
past grievances as an excuse for inflicting
new shocks on international confidence.
Hitler invariably followed up acts which
pointed toward war and which involved the
repudiation of treaty.ebligationn?like the re-
jection of all limitations on German arma-
ment and the remilitarization of the Rhine-
land ? with assurances that his intentions
were strictly pacific. And he, exploited the
bad conscience of the Western powers about
the injustices and inequities of the Versailles
Treaty to maneuver himself Into a position
of strength where lie was able for a Ume
to inflict on many of Germany's neighbors
far more ruthless treatment than the Ver-
sailles Treaty prescribed for Get-many.
-Colonialism- Is serving Nasser very
much as thr Treaty of Versailles nerved
Hitler, as a scapegoat for everything that
Is wrong in topt and as an excuse for pro-
ceeding and unerrem.M.otisly against
the Interests of "colonial" Owen such 55
Great Britain and France.
One can understand the resentment 01
Egyptians and other peoples who have been
under foreign rule over what they feel an
the harsh and humiliating aspects of Onto
-
Menem. But there are two points to be re-
membered before "anti-coktnialism" can be
accepted as a sufficient excuse for any and
all acts of unilateral disregard, for property
rights and interests.
First, colonialism is dead in Egypt and
in most other countries where it existed be-
fore the war. The last British troops have
withdrawn from the Suez Canal area. And
no one in his right mind believes that It
would be possible to revive and reimpose the
19th Century "white man's burden" type of
domination where it has been destroyed.
Colonial Benefits
Second, with all its faults ind limitations, \I
the colonial era brought Egypt considerable 1'4\ ?
benefits in the way of public improvements, ??,
health and orderly finances. The,Sues Canal
would never have come into existence by the 7
unaided efforts of Egypt. French; British -
and other foreign capital and technical aid ?cid!
were nepded.
This Is why there is ? strong moral case
for giving Great Britain. France and other
maritime nations, whose shipping created the
prosperity of the Canal, an effective voice in
its use, so as to avoid the possibility of disre-
garding for political reasons the provisions
of the convention of 1888, which decrees that
the Canal shall be open to the shipping of -01
powers in peace and war. Egypt itself has
been in flagrant contempt of this convention
for some years by, closing the Canal to Is-
raeli shipping.
Colonel Nasser is the author of a book of
reflections on Egypt's national revolution
which has caused some disquiet in Western
capitals in this book he envisages an Arab
empire from the Persian Gulf to the Atlan-
tic, the complete exclusion of Western influ-
ence from this area, the downfall of the
slate of Israel and other objectives -which
could hardly be realized by peaceful means.
Political Bombshells
Of course political leaders do not always I
carry out what they write or.say. But Nasser !
has already tossed a couple of political
bombshells into the international arena, first
by making a big barter deal for arms with
the Communist bloc and more- recently by
nationalizing the Suez Canal with the enthu-
siastic blessing of Moscow.
Past experience with similar situations
would seem to indicate that if the Western
statesmen, who have already gone far to
meet F.gyptian national susceptibilities and
interests in the plan worked out In London,
should give In ton easily and yield too much
in nem-air-mg with Nasser; the result would
be imher than fewer shocks from
4 ?? (..? in the future.
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STAT NVASHINGTON POSI: St. 1-' 1 7 1956
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?
The Washington fifer6.-Go-Itound
' s??.:
,
1;Err(i'r'. b; Dulles , I;
ithe summer f 1943. Moscow
Isis begs
the Arabs, orth Africa.
.: before,
war's?end finfiltratio
1 i officially asked Washington fort
'. '
? , the right to -send a Russian"-
ostensibly
: Held. Disastrous ,sr ttoobeNreoprthresenAfterriain
the Allied occupation of Alge-
ria, Morocco and Tunis. Presto
By Drew Pearson . . dent Roosevelt said no.t ...Ye
After the war, Russian
; NAI1ARIA, Galilee.? When!' Truman was ad v i s e d by agents fanned out all through.
!Gen. George C. Marshall. asiWinston Churchill and Dean North Africa, Syria.
iUnited States Ambassador tolAcheson that Russia's greatestBlocked at the Bosphorus by i.
China, recommended that 'ambition, both under the czars the Truman d oc t r I n e the .
Chiang Kali
-.1 penetrate through the Black.few hundred miles south to the
."1 I
Al land under the Kremlin. was to Kremlin shifted its attack a
?shck bring two
;Communists ln- Sea, through the Dardanelles, most important waterway In
to the Nation.
,alist cabinet In ithrough the Aegean to that an-the world.
dent highway of European Dulles la Wooed and Won
;order to head icommerce, the Mediterranean.,
'off China's From there communism could In 1953, during his first Year .
;swing toward fan out toward the restless as Eisenhower's Secretary of -
C o mm unism. Arabs of North Africa, the State, John Foster Dulles Jour-
Ihe was later volatile Greeks of the Pelo-..neyed to Cairo. There he at
I
;pilloried on the ponncsus, and spread up the with Egypt's persuasive, charm-
'floor of the Silk ;Adriatic to Italy and Yugo-ling. Canal Abdel Nasser,
;United States Pearson 'slid* ;heard him talk of Egypt's
'Senate by Sen- y
ators McCarthy and Jenner The Mediterranean lifeline downtrodden masses, about his
es Ideas
rot the British Empire, Truman for ending starvation,
was warned, might
;the tool of communism and a ., revitalizing his nation. It was
eventually,
traitor to his country.
. When John Carter nncent, become a Communist lake,La moving appeal: ,
United a from Gibraltar to the Suez, This This was after one such die-
and expert on Far Eastern af-
unless the Kremlin's penetra? tator had already seized Aus- -
!firs. concurred with General.Hon of Greece and Turkey wastria, the Ruhr, the Rhineland
and the Sudetenland a few' ,.
he wise stopped.' Marshall that it would months before his attack on Po- .?:
So a rather unskilled Pies!-
' / to form a coalition Nationalist- land was to plunge the. worlds;
Communist cabinet, he had 0t dent, a CAS 1 ftgar .g for-
mint? war. ?
eign affairs, took the unprece-s
I undergo several years of loyal- Dulles, listening to Nasser,
ty board investigation, after dented step ol e x I c n d i n al
`;
which John Foster Dulles fired iAmerican influence all the made another disastrous de4;
I int, not for loyalty, but for waY to the Bosphorus. Seinelmica He decided to bet%
bad Judgment. 'three to four billion American policy in the Nearlt
John Davies, also a member dollars of i
iAmerican aid was 0 ginner! talEast on backing Nasser and.
A
" of General Marshall's staff In
i
;Greece and Turkey merican- rebuilding Egypt.
adebers .? ed their To this end, he pulled wiresk
China who concurred In thismilltarl ax i
decision, also was fired by armies. They b.o , with the British, all but de-
Dulles not for loyalty, hut fur' the united states ilossia wa. mended that they get out of
? bad judgment. Davies since,stopped. The 'frontal'Suez. He appointed Henry doctrine'
has not even been able to col.;for that area sun SUCCO5s1W. !Byroad?. a West Point colonel,
"ho spoke the same language,'
lect the money he paid into -wn .!
en Ferdinand De 1..e$sepslos Colonel Nasser, as U. 54
the State Department toward
a future pension. /digger of the Suez Canal wasiAmhassador? to Cairo. And he;
This is how harsh Dulles has' awarded the honor of admit,. Immediately poured $30,000.000' Ns,
been toward career diplomats sion to the French Academy, of U. S. economic aid Into
who guessed wrong ? CACTI President Henan said; Egypt?aid which Nasser only
though such noncareer Repub.! "You hate set your seal on one year later was berating to .
Bean diplomats as Patrick J.
it, ne of the great battlegrounds the Egyptian people as thel
Ituricy, also once Ambassadot .
of the future.' importation of diseased Amyl-,
to China, concurred with theni Ile referred to the fact that can chickens,
at the time. 'the canal, connecting the "Egypt today stands in every,.
. I TiOrld .3 two most thickly popu. :.espect with the West," Colonell? ?
Russia Is Stopped lated continents. Asia and Eu. Nasser told Byroade- shortly '. ,
When President Tr u man We, wa certain to become after word that the U. S. was .
startled the world, and cape- the world's most coveted bringing dollars to his defense. v ,i .
dally the American public. with "lerwaY if an enemy of Eng. That was the disastrous error / I%
the Truman doctrine for1 land or the United States made by the Secretary of State
Greece and Turkey, it had one thould control it Raw ma- v.ho fired two career diplomats
all-important objective ? n !trials of the Orient, the life. for their errors of Judgment in
block Russian influence iron Jive of England with Aus- ivgard to China.
;teething-down through the Bo+ t 'alla New Zealand stadia, More regarding this error;,. : ,
ri.orus into the Merliterranean..kvould be cut off mud ,eriously why a was made and Its con- .
anipered Ream" prophecy oetmences will follow in an k\ r?
1 .k anted. Counwitht. 1554 Bell Emil:cote. 1st. \
/ 'ns more accurate ih:in he varly column.
. . _ .
I
i
SST
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CARISliAlt #$c17147C-E.-7
AU{3 6-U 19b1:1
ir? The Appeal of Neutralism
mo
?
Hope in Egyyt7:111
,
gt Robert R Bruen
re
4 Alexakdrla. Egypt ?
I Outside the bleak Officers' Club in
fAlexandria a crowd chanted ?Nassef
Nasser . . Nasser." More often than not
Col. Carnal Alxicl Nasser lives with this
rear. it faded, and he leaned back in Ms
chair, "We are full of complexes."
1 He was talking to visiting reporters
about' Egynt's foreign policy, something
4.that is very much a mystery to the West
these days. Yet perhaps the clamor out-
alcie;?and what be bad Just said, were the
key to it all.
One solid adilevement bringing pop-
, lar, support to the revolutionary council
l.of officers which rules with Colonel Nits-
' ser as Its. head Is the coming departure
,
? I 4
?"`
,
key-Iraq pact brought such a scorching
Egyptian response because it touched in
a convoluted way on the shaky Israel-
Egypt truce:
There are American air bases in Libya
to the west. The Sudan to the south may
well drift out from under Egyptian in-
fluence. Israel blocks Egypt from the east
and its natural allies. All this spells iso-
lation. Then came the Iraqi "defection."
Could it be that the Egyptians saw this
as a western move to isolate Egypt fur-
ther, and eventually force acceptance of
unwelcome terms with Israel? More tor-.
tuous reasoning is possible, and, as Colo-
nel Nasser said, "We are full of com-
plexes." Whatever the reason, the Iraqi
? [?
4,r
?
;gat-the %Dish from-the Suez Canal -'zone.
? ? The "Nasser ... Nasser". gained some of
its ardor from this fact. This is no age
, in which to-Occupy other countries.
Colonel Nasser's dark face can be ex-
traordinarily intense. When he said, "We
are full of complexes," he spoke out of
Egypt's -history, both recent and remote.
? . Its people have been more' used than
? governed and the complexes have mul-
tiplied In resentment of Pharaonic bru-
'tality, kingly cupidity, political corruption
and colonialism.
Why does not Egypt ally itself to the
? 'West with other Arab nations in a mid-
east chain linked to the Atlantic com-
munity? ,The answer in essence is Egypt
4 icannot,yet forget the exploitation of un-
derdeveloped areas by Western nations in
.the left 100 years. Its response to pact
talk is -almost purely emotional. Egypt is
rapidly becoming a second India, anti-
Communist and pro-Western In any show-
down certainly, but preferring to stand
between the two colossi and avoid en-
tanglement. s '
From tds corner of the African conti-
nent the East-West hydrogen bomb
iin-
passe, for example, does not seem to
Colonel Nasser something to be grateful
for; nor does he thank the United States
r for building a bomb to checkmate the
?Russians. His stance is simple. He looks
? irrosc?korea:
isaisfexp,
action brought United States-Es:natio 're-'
lations to a postwar nadir.
Yet having said all this about neutral-.
ism, isolation, and unknit relations an es-
cape' hatch is necessary: Egyptian policy
may be building a bargaining position for
a day when alliance with the West- will
?
come.
All of this pales for Egypt before the
lurking Israeli situation. Colonel Nasser
took a poised and admirable stand re-
cently toward the killing of Egyptian sol-
diers in the Gaza Strip by taking it to '.
the United Nations. If it should happen
again could Egypt avoid retallatiOn?
As you watCh tough, hawk-faced Egyp- ?
hen paratroopers in purple tams jog ' ?
smoothly past, rank after rank" atin.neng/ :?
colored tanks clank by In godless. inn- ?
ttotony, ? you realize the EDWitt AYmy 4
is reinvigorated and instilled tactile Ant A.
time with a reason fdr.fightIng.--Z1 Grim- ;
houria, the new regime, and its tletvothan ,*;?, .!
to the people. A new War with Inset
could utterly jeopardize one of the-Miost ,
promising reform moventents id the
world, and yet with the reform there has ?
come a new national arida that is tierce
and may not stop in put filet thins, first
it up this 'Wes Or pililIC,14 of
n the mat power nutcracker? Will it be
Iran, or Egypt, where a power VACUUM
will attract pressures and detonate?"
That is the way he would talk. So Pandit
-Nehru's "peace blric"?standlng aside?
fascinates hint et? ?
? ',Colonel" Nasseiaal' recent -.talks with
Nehru must have deepened this feeling.
4And his triumph at the neutralist Ban-
.), dung conference helped along the way.
:4 Now he is going to' Moscow, and Peking
. is buying some of his embarrassing cotton
surplus.
More, the Turkey-Iraq pact, bringing ar
? ? Arab nation into the Western alliance fm
.the first time, seems to have driven Egypt
further into neutralism. Colonel MUCCI'
? 4:has often claimed 'this pact needlotrily
-split the Arab League front. However, in-
. jured Egyptian pride may be involved tor
Egypt .was accustomed to leadinrr 1),?
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CIA-R D P60-00321 R000100090002-0
TAB B
? .L.5...;?) 0.2
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.5-1577EW YORK TIMES AUG 1 5 1955
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4
I.
II Foreigh Affairs
The Nile, the Sphinx anti
r, Galante' Nasser .
....,______, ,.
? ,Scliooledlil-Conipirley
' By C L. SIILZBEI7CEB
Colonel NiUsser hi an upright.
CAIRO, Aug. 14?Egypt win the k .
middle of a revolution under way ,earnest man. Only 37 years old, he
since Ring Farouk was deposed by.ls the son of a poor postmaster who
an officers. coup teat throe years .me Ms way through Egypt's
ago. But no one can yet define its limited educational and muter op-
ideology or predict an ulUmate, portunItles by will power and ability.
course. Like the river Nile it flows 'Tall, powerfully built and vigorous,
; through. a great political desert,' he is in the prime of life and coal-
Whether it eventually arrives at ? dence. Yet his very conspiratorial
nourishing delta`of success remains background and resentment against
still to ke leen. 1 colonial Injustices of Egypt's past
At this juncture 'Egypt is cop. ; encourage In him an inhereat sus-
cited by uneasy military dictator- P16311'
Nasser says: "We began our Mo.
ship. The.clique of youthful officers
lution .with principles, not a pro'
that engineered the revolt has
formed itself into a kind
gram. We find that sometimes we
. of pont-
have to change our methods. I have
F buro alperImposed above the nor.
I
mai Cabinet. Already there have read much about socialism, commu-
ji been' disagreements 'within the :thin, democracy and fascism. Our
group. Their front Man, General revolution. will not be labeled by
i
ff.
y otfhethnose snamdesreq. uWe mseeenkts tnofi hNoluselba.rrewsast. oTushetedeeleanterd is unidert Ing2leet
?
State is filled temporarily by the our own people and we are not try's'
Ink
/ 'energetic revolutionary leader Pre-
) to copy anybody else's ideology.;
mier Giunal Abdel Nester. .
! Natter is rnore akin to such Eighteen We are a country of 23,000,000.
) '
Eighteen million are poor fanners. internal subversion. He thinks corn-
Aidan revolutionists as Nehru and-
.1
They have been deprived of permmunism is trying to infiltrate the
II Nu than to ideological insurgents ?sonal liberty for 5,000 years. They. Army, which he regards as his?most
,3
of European tradition. He has no have been tinder the domination of solid support. Therefore he wants
the landlords. Only when they are more equipment for his troops?to
liberated from this will Egypt be keep the off:leers happy and un-
Neutralism Denied
Nasser denies he believes in neu-
tralism. He stresses that Egypt's.
obligations to let British troops re-
turn to Sues in case of aggression
against Turkey or the Arab states
automatically negates neutrality -in
Conflict. But, he adds: "You muse
remember we have a coMplex oj
&Sieben with big powers. We
that alliance is just another to
Of domination- We Must feel tree
Nasser considers Egypt faces tw
threats ?external aggression and
personal ideology. His aspirations
4 are pragmatic, not dogmatic. He
hopes to liberate his backward coun-
truly free." subverted. For he unabashedly ad-
pre-feudal conditions ef health. But juntas cannot rule too long without
But what will be the eventual Mite there is still danger that Com-
/
o government 7 Military munists or the extremist Moslem
brotherhood may inflame popular
.4 try from the fetters of an antiquated
economy, burdensome Illiteracy and form f
passions against him. And he says:
"My battle is to defeat these ele-
mental"
The seat of Egyptian power is an
uneasy seat. Despite Nasser's en-
ergetic efforts the masses remain
ignorant. Impoverished and subject
to sudden inflammatory winds of
again:ire. Hatreds and fears en-
gendered by the Palestine war:
deep - seated mistrust nourished by ?
past injustice, all tend to hamper
efforts at reform. The revolution
in Egypt proceeds sluggishly like
the great muddy Nile that. runs
slowly down 4his massive country's
middle. Only the ancient Sphinx'
4inows how and where It .aill de-
beech. 0 ;
- ' I
he is not yet sure just bow or
? 'Whither he should direct his political
,7 course.
risking intellectual sterility. Politi-
cal parties?save for Nasser's own
Liberation Rally?have been banned.
He considers himself -amidst the I The Premier says, "We have feedsyndicates of Intellectuals,
?organ-
'whirlwind of the revolution" and
white-collar workers, professors and
"those who are at the depths of the.
laborers. The farmers have started
'whirlwind are hardly conscious of
:whatever is away from it" But his; with cooperatives. Front these
syndicates and cooperatives the
only mature experience Is military.
He says, 'throughout my life I people can choose representatives
i
have had faith in militarism." ei
..e same day to participate In govern-
relies upon the Army for political .ment. But we have no program yet?
I This, of course, sounds familiarly
support. He 1,1 by experience ? con'
? spinner who recalls when his life
was "like an exciting detective
story; we hid In the darkness and
arranged our pistols and bombs side
by side."
like Mussolini's concept of the tor.
porate state. The Premier denies
such resemblance. But he is frankly
vague about.blueprIntIng a political
future.
' ht
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STAT ?
L4EWSWEIAC:, ?'
A Fla -43 C tau
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AFGHANISTAN: INTERNATIONAL
Burghare in, the bons: ?
%Aid, EtaLtmowi of last winter
t: the, ewe, Intoglung unobtrusively m the
..dusty &nut and confusion of Kabul's
bazaars aild Weds. By last week, the
clarkfsnika strangers were ra familiar
sight -in the ancient capital uf Afghani-
shin, squatting to GAL With workers, pray-
? ing kyVeskinkroostnies, and :conversing
in congas Pentair accents. They were, it
hemline Hear, Russians un a mission.
While the West looked the other way,
SorietiRtissia had slipped quietly. almost
unnotiash ilitO ii, remote }Art nonetheless
strategic 'erevide between Asia and the
Middle East, It %sat wooing 12 million
urtitnul-inini led Afghans with a Sin mil-
lion Soviet 'Point Pour program: Nen
roads. a 60-mile oil pipel ii te,. gm naries.
lamies. and hundreds of technicians
Some reports said 300; others. 2,000
Few doubted that more' wbuld be
?
(Confirmed imminace 48)
, coming South once spring thawed the
.mountain SIOWS.
Russian gasoline,. cloth, medicine,
matches?even . Soviet-style bread?all .
were common commodities in Kabul;
Even more alarming were reports that
Russia has offered armed aid to the
Afghans In ?their bitter seven-year-old
dispute. with Pakistan over control of the
, wild and turbulent "North-West From
tier region. The quarrel flared recent!,
into sporadic fighting and Afghan
-
Pakistani relations are tense.
Afghanistan demands a plebiscite
among the 7 million Pushtoon tribesmen
the disputed area, confident an Inde-
pendent Puslitoonistan would become a
close ally. Pakistan claims the region
and has ailiintlheed annexation
Paslitimm Fakirs iln.sia's motives
were clear. By backing Afghanistan
against the ''Ii 'entice of au armed and
pro-Western Pakistan. the Soviets cur-
ried favor in /salmi and kept the spark
of trouble HIM'. There ,sere reports, two
Russian agents had been in secret' con-
tact with the n-d-bearded Fakir of Int
a veteran agitator?0 Ins cave headquar-
ters in the Prishtoon mountains.
Again.: this hackgmund of danger.
even the United States' substantial aid
to Afghanistan seemed ssoefully inade-
quate: A $40 million Export-Import Bank
development loan ;nal 81.6 million in
technical assistance in the current year.
An American contracting firm, Morrison-
Knudsen bf Boise. Idaho, has three
contracts totaling $74.2 million for con-
stniction of roads', bridges, irrigation
facilities, 2111.1 dal os. But thesh projects
date back to 1946, before the Soviet
?
?????? . M.o.( k
Afghan Wan : The ?? mt napped
Union began casting cosehmo; eyes south,
Last week. Washington :amen] Woe,
of awakened concern. A fgloffistmt was
a topic of earnest discussilm hy the
Joint Chiefs of Staff. The State I-impart-
ment considered new grants for inhuma-
tion and cultural activities there.
? There was no question the stakes wore
high. Soviet conquest of Afghanistan.
'politically or othermue, would drive a
Red wedge deep into the \Vest's solid
northern tier of defense and split Asia
from the Middle East. The Khyber Pass
to India would be open to Soviet armies.
Obviously the West had some fence-
mending to do?and last
Faring. 50 Evora Agar A0, fhb. j, 0 WIMP an the 'Elwin's%
deportment of Russia's 1111QeSi testily mill al ilarnatit Sibrria. The
.:01 iv( Isiah on ,u.e..mitsinying photo says is? nisi, Mr biggest
f? I ill. tor in nil of Siberia. Pr-04060n Invon ans hi jimU/i.
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STAT
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? _
Mideast We Lose the luitiatite,
Amid all the pleasant talk about
a thaw In the cold' war between
Mosellw and the West, iVestern
41Pluntets have tended to neglect
theI:critical oil-rich Middle East.
Not su the Reds. Communist re-
anile., anti agitators have been
steicifiy.Sing their influence.
At the , e, Israeli-Arab strife
hatrisiched alarming Levels; U.S..
Egyptian relations are at a new low.
!tarry F. !Kern, Nirwswer.e's
r Senior, Ediree jimernatiwat .dfx,;.;
furs, Fla AO Cared the aNa:Thil
IolI44vii%ij M! kport on ita prob.
lems and. possible solutions. ?
Tail lies in Saudi Arabia on a rocky,
witty plateau 4,000 feet high and some
150 miles from the steaming Red Sea
port of Jidda. The distant outline of the
jagged. bare mountains gives a rigged
beauty to the desolate shone. The hat
King 1bn Saud fevered Tail, dry a nd
comparatively cog!. as a summer reheat
Here his successor, Kffig Saud, iikenise
escapei the Arabian suppler.
But the King escapes none of the
burdens of state at Tail. In his big air-
conditioned audience chamber, a visitor
is escorted past a score of tough retainers
in Arab dress, armed with silks, pistols,
swords, and daggers. The King sits in the
middle of a row of heavy gilt chaise at
the far end of-the chamber. Ile explains
his mounting Concern over the Middle
East and world developments vitally af-
fecting a kingdom that rally a few dee.
adC ? ag.) !in inipapte the indside world.
First, there da" the Egyptian-Witte'
border, clashes at Casa. if' these
Into war, Sandi Arabia must antornatt,
orally enter the mallet on Egypt's side.
Then there is 1:eintratnist 'infiltration In
Saudi Arabia 'Elie King is well, prim
that his count, y seith its immenseValth
In oil,is a 't.uget for the fitalf, and react7
nizeslanYnnetisin^ai a Moral Weal?. tie,
makes no bones of the fact that Saudi
Arabia would be 100 per cent ;on the
skid of the United States in any conflict
with ti., ? So' it Union.
fled Ileitids King Satitrs concern 11
echoed throughopt the Middle East in
strante contrast to the atmosphere of
r, lilt and ,..xpecteley produced in Eu-
rope by Russia s otaneiliatery moves. Sel-
dein has Communism in the Middle East
bcet, Inure aggressive?or more subtle.'
The hand u Ituysia is rarely Illown. Tito
Unties are those of subversion, infiltra-
tion, aw.1 csirlottation of time differtatet.s
twin cen And, states and the West,
tiliforeinately this Red drive comes at
a um; Mien midi .1rat, no as existed
has 4..ittried the Iraqi-Turkish ,
defense. 0.1(.1 Nian) 01))Intris feel that
this pact is di ?igum.,1 to inert a war that
will nisei clime-an useiland attack by
Russia against Ole Middle East -.Ind that.;
it is useless against the Comutunistia2tics
now being unpanyed to utider,rome
region whole ad resources Imre.; hetume y
vital to the European eceimmy. Worst ,
of all, the Communists hive' taken the
Min:dive at a time when ,Western
vane "-
Egyptian jeep on Gaza border: Israeli attacks spark .distrust of U.S.
s
Pre?
Saud: Com i. the eateiny
dipluinaey?nnil especialls Amtnieurk di?
plontacy-seern,s statie or tit retreat. ,
From Iran crane wenns of mew m?
tionalist agitation that mat hamper' the
fdnetioning of the death 'bought oil
aireement. Little Kriwaii athp
tbsj, single richest rase, ve of oil in the
world, stirs in the 100-degrersplus sum-
user Is' 'at as atzitators by In rouse the
populace against tht? ruling family and
the oil company The piffir-ro irr-reposileth
throng' a Illt the Persian (.1111 reeitni. Ed ti-
cation and technical progress, based on
all revenues, have created new classy'. ?
and 'the. Communists /de rpoy-mg ,
to fill the VLIC111111) in the,' Ulu Log,.
Lolling Ground: TI le mod stilling b"
example of underhing traahle occurs In
Egypt. The Nasser regita. is the best. ?
apd unly brines( gm/etMUNI! the country
bas ever had. Premier Camel Abdel
Nasser, ploys the highest usleein,,bOth
with fOrtigneo and Egyptians. Few feel
there isaanyieltenettlylo except Commu.
,Wail, eijrrimi ion, and chaos. Nonetheless,
the regime has lust Wetted.
Recent incidents with the. lIEacIis et
thepCata strip have ileeply stirred both
the country and the government.. The
offip:re %sir run Egypt lcel that. with a
nest itralegy based rim "Sittee lied maneu-
ver. thes out hurt Israel snoni than Israel
etua hurt them. But theyeknovrIthe Israeli.
Oak iboy can defeat Egypt .1g11111. This
time, tIrEgyptians say the object would
beefy topple Matsu/add estrange Egypt
from the West. *
A few weeks :go, Cairo felt genuMe
;
conceit that Israeli .preparations and
atop cOneentrations around Beersheba
indicated ,Innnthent attack. The danger
sea
tn have passed for the moment,
bs incident has Revived the old
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release. @ 50-Yr 2014/03/26 : CIA-RDP60-00321R000100090002-0
? mistrust for thed.initentateiltralup
porter of Israel. Prartimore, the Eg51.):
tians say the U.S. assorrii,thern months
ago of Israel's?Peacektintentions. They
therefore eut,dsok Abair. anus; program.
which bow must he strived mp again.
TheaEgyptiarit also have nur into an
impasse concerning the most important
project for the country's future?the !Ugh
Dam across the Nile above Aswan. Thu
.
immense. %immure would take yean to
build but would greatly increase irriga-
tion and triple Eso prs power supply.
DhsItlaslena The Nasser regime hoped
the World Bank would finance the. proP.,
ect, and bank .officeals ?have' exprcssed ?
enthusiasm. But, say the Egypthills. '
whenever it comes to pnwidinz....noney.
the hank flnds some excuse for delay?
first, the dispute with the British over
Suez, then the need for a Nile Valle,
survey, and now , the lack of a water
agreement' With: la 'Sudan'. American
officials. deny any such obstructive mien-
born, ebutitho Egyptians are disillusioned
and ate tiesilitring financing elsewhere.
Thesi 'exiieriences luivE conic On top,
of the Iraqi-Turkish pact which seemed -?
(
A
?
to the Egyptians ? maneuvre lip-bander
the kadersirfp rot yttrbtwArkt mar
Cat) to BaltiO ? I 'Eat:
rpaillh vital pert nn'
AmhassadM intik*. Then toy,
Henry A. Byroade, arrived to find Name)
deeply distrustful of the 1.1.S...apil rela-
tions at the leareStrig*larrs. Alight
imprnvement pelhapi is mow discall?dble,
hut it nih tak. time and considerable evi-
dence of Americium good faith lo.tepsiir4l4
tlw damage.". 1.1 7 2r1 ?
To those able to establish pirbonal
ornimit, Nasser remains Courageous. de-- . .
cvm. and likeable, ? the ary.gfficer '
tmcornforthjjle in ,istill..:
somewhat appalled bc., the -p ems he ,
laces. Perhaps ithe most si ficant
...lopmeht inhire, hi g?occurred dur-
tnp to -the g conference.
Thirahowed. Asses that Settiltural satin;
whit+ sepented.tgr and the Middle
Post. (rem the Far EtwasfiksAmer
than the differences between arw
state and the West. Similarly,tkElko
under Nasser still looks to the West 4or
the help it hOPels-e0,11:ky-,14T,in-t9)
?
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NEWSWEEK :JUL; 2 5 1955
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inmost pat h te ii la 14..? 1,,,,
InIi.tM4 knitter ? IR Ir fit 'lett II, ;Ii.
ell acitept and doh reinto iI sosilts-s
In. Sosiet leatlits lit attending t1t1 'lily I nail%
,a the ( 5. Eatillass),in Nloseitss
COLU ifIn 1. OHIO 7?*Tist? illf
4'.111.111 'T01111.111 "tt pill }s.??
,
it',1111t: to ttot back III p011iteC !leg 't CAT
1 11/1 fill. Senate against the C.011s lormuhible
getter, Sen. Gricrge Bendel
Where .tre They Now?
(IT) ? %lona Ilnirstcdt 11.11101v
eight-time winner or the National Singles tennis
111111 du only American 01.9
11'11111.1:t. S11/.31111e I.e11.41.1i, II I.1111111
:111:111111(111 here and vorks as asilusnc.in iii
ill 1?1111? nit],
:ovum. shire Ili, m.d, I,
01th 1111t?:.
? h inn liwonaJn,,Auffering troth' ct e -
&tanned ?s tele trailing at. the sedtpiEtritiCtk
\ \t4ilctr lund rsin her ragged. her
,,,to .30S and a widow; stray flt4 Mts.
dropped tennis and took up golf tot M.N.
?
s it .V\4( LAKE. %j.? Lairy De)
popular New York Omar 'second lasezfliui 5it 4'4.?????
\sus the LeggUe.:s batting ehainp in 1915. cf ' .?
lives at 4 home for invalids here. Doyle pitted
the Ciants itt 1907 when manager John ((Craw
paid. S4,500. the biggest price till then. for the
istopkie fonil Illinois. lie promptly cost the team
his first game with a bonehead play. fie was
stricken )) it Ii Tli in 1912. and given hall a year to
live. Still trail, lie coaches.voungsters in the local
Christy Mathewson I ragne (named for his old
Clam roommate).
?
? Periscoping the World
Int PentIllimilla SOfindirig it ii
4 GEN/ Par ? Sources 'aut. to the Su et 1, III II
111E111 111011? NUSpititalt, 01 111(' 111.111111 dlele1.111.0!
1111111 other, The litissiatis ate sald to rel
111101 111V U.S. and Fraiaiii are corning with
the geniiiiiit intention of talking. Ite.let? 1 1.1?\
SIISperl 111111 "110111 they thee t bk. 41
IS coining merely to pa) cull Itt. election ;11(11111,f
to talk to the Russians.
V.N/TED iN 47 110.5..s ? .111 ambassador 1 rom
a lied satellite count!) ter-0;th dna narked .1
sit-Il-known Scandinavian diplomat who w go
ing to Nloscow. lie wanted to know ir tin. diplo-
mat would sotind the Russians init on just v hat
they now had in mind for his satellite. its ow ii
;tin eminent hadn't been able to lemn.
JOINT i.TLl.LlCEXct CII01?11, ? Anal\
here have come tip with an manatal new es
firm for Vloseose's sudden easing of the messine
on the 'satellite countries. The) believe tin. I.
slant have finally come to realve that the iilla tat.
who have moved to the top in the puppet ie-
gimes actually are a putt ) second-rate hunch
Bs easing up and permitting just enotiels ii tilictural-
isni. they hope to encourage sonic ablei le.1,10N
to einerge,-to Moscow's long?rito gain.
Inside Foreign Ildriees
?The gilt to the Freneli of eight U.S
Indiropters.to use against North African nation
:dist. has failed to ease Frei
m teui
liolltt WWII! U.S. official) complain the
"Ifr, In living up to their promise 1., !!.?
v hat kink! ol 'polies the copiers will enforce. the
Fremli art- askinir for still more equipment.
7 Ell ? Th,q Shah 4atitdran's- planned
ii,tt to \ tosviin not fall could seriously threaten
the nes hetwee? this strategic country and the
West. lit the past, the Russians have always used
sledgehammer tactics in trying to take over Iran.
Now the Shalits shaky regitne will hard put to
iesist ewer:red Bed offers of military. technical,
and economic aid.
World Whispers
Soviet party boss khruslichcv has
pist 'maim) lied Chinese officials the %cord that
insiders here have been long expecting: Russia
won't lime grain to ship to China, for another
tI ree sears, despite the firm promises made last
veal to send big shipments in 1955.
rw.vc titot?r.Pcking is facing trouble
with disgruntled army veterans, according to
word reaching here. lit recruiting men for the
Red Chinese Army, officials apparently made
some large and impossible promises about giving
them land when they got out.?
C ORO ? A Russian infortnation center has
quietly opened here and 'a Soviet trade mission
is mil vial)* operating, with Egyptian blessing, in?
the Smalan lied underground headquarters in
Cairo are in the Czech legation.
For Periscoping TV-Radio, page 59; Science. page
Books, page 57.
? ?
12 Neum.eck, July 25, 1955
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STATWINK
V/. I As ??? IJUJ ?
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The Reds Are Trying to Brew a 'Holy
Soviet Russia. Nrwswerr Mideast cor-
respondent Sam Sooki learned last week
hiss. masa sted to the Arab States that.
further Israeli 'aggression" should be
.met with a great jihad (holy war) in
the Moslem world.
Russian agents also dropped the word
that seventl thousand Russian and Red
Chinese Moslems mould join such a
. cause, mob in the manner of the Chi-
nese "coin:items" in Korea; that this.ia
would intbrvene, if asked, in the event
'1 aggrescion against all Arab state from
any source. Playing on Syria's deep mis-
trust of the aims of the pro-Westent
Turko.lraqi pact. Moscow assured Syria
that such intervention would apply to
aggression by Iraq as we/Pas Israel.
Significance
RIISSia'S ardent wooing of Egypt and
its allies appears aimed at starring a
Red honeymoon before U.S. Vice Presi-
dent Richard M. Nixon arrives on the
scene in iii I' s:uk ember to precs the
long?delas id V.'rstern suit.
1 his high ?oltage troublemaking ? bb
the Russians Is nil an, as yet, unofficial
basis. tha the St cst doesn't discount its
pot enc p.pular appeal.
Asenriated Prim
For Allah: A jihad in Islam?
?
War' on Israel
Moscow seems determined to counter
Western-backed Middle Easters, pacts
with offers of defense alliances to Arab
states which are willing to spurn NATO-
sponsored agreements.
'These new moves are part of a pattern
which Includes Russia's recent offers of
arms to Egypt. Syria, and Saudi Arabia.
Arab fenders, as suspicious of Russia's
intentions as they are of the West's, have
neither accepted nor declined fled
offers. But Russia is banking on the pres-
sure of Middle Eastern public opinion, '
growing increasingly hostile to the West,
to carry her point.
M'estem and United States diplomacy
is on a tough spot. There's little hope
that Nixon can offer dramatic proposals
to match the emotional appeal of those
made. by the Russians. And there may
be more unpleasant surprises for the
West when the Shah of Iran, Egypt's
Premier Carnal Abdel Nasser, and, pos-
sibly, the .King of Saudi. Arabia visit
Moscow in the near future.
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SDTeAcTlass?ifie?cri? n
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t ?
01;litANTINE BROWN
West Drops' Ball in Midlid.
PSI L? eap at Chance to Arm Egyptians,
, ? . ?
U. 5 finds Itself a Johnny-Come-Lately
?
,;*e stern *diploma has The State Department
Muffed. the 'ball in the )IM' learned about the Communist.
die teat and in the Orate- Egyptian transaction and Sec-
gear Important Iliediterran- retary Dulles gave the news
an basin. ? And the ? Romani to the public earlier this
have quickly picked it up. month. It became obvious in
The Egyptian government London and Washington that
has amgrined acceptance of by our holding down. the
a Commlinist offer of Military modernization of the armies of
MU:cent, through Csechoaltst Egypt and her Arab allies we
had not actually helped Israel.
Heretofore, In order to But we had managed to fur-
angina* an illusory. balance titer estrange the Arab coda-
of pawn and prevent the trin which would be of the
Arab forties from getting utmost importance to us in the
More War material than the event of another great conflict.
Israelis. the Western nations
did not sell heavy armament
? ? to rant or the other Arab,
? nations. Washington and
London hoped thus to reduce
the pressure on Israel. The
Israeli technical superiority
was believed to be a deterrent
to the Egyptians and other
? ? ' Arabs who had come off sec-
ond best in even encounter.
tr.
. Recently the Communists
have been putting on ? drive
?6 to get the Egyptians on their
4 side A Chinese Communist
4 / 4 Minion visited Cairo and was
?,, it re-rjred with great bona
It invited the head of the
jr Eaptian state to visit Peiping
r A and concluded a trade tote-
4,4. went whkin will reline Egypt
el
? of a large part of its cotton
surplus. ;
, / The Russians, too, visited
I Cairo and invited Prime Min-
' / later Nasser to come to Mos-
! cow. At the same time they/ arranged to EMMY Egypt with
/ all the modern military equip-
ment it neede?tanks, planes.
)heavy artilleries; etc. The size
, of the order aist -how it will be
financed hair o?ie. been die-
ttilskosed.
1 S.
?
lilt
Belatedly it was announced
here this week that Egypt
could purchase MO million
worth of military equipment.
But in the meantime the
USSR and its satellites and
Chinese ally had gotten the
Jump on us. The United States
Is now looked on as a Johnny-
Come-Lately In the Middle
East and our move is inter-
preted as having been forced
by Russia's friendly action.
The Western allies, particu-
larly Britain and the United
States have played their cards
poorly in the Cyprus issue. The
subsequent serious break be,
tween Greece and Turkey has
irreparably named the alli-
ance between those two coun-
tries.
The intense nationalism
which exists in the Mediter-
ranean basin has been fanned
=tants for i
union 'cage% have been oon?
trolled by the Athens govern-
ment so as not to disturb tlir
? coellUen set tiP to *enter the.
Kremlin's aggreiria ? plan a
. The Its has became !imme-
diate" beanie no Wag were
Mined to the ocealauntat "nee
? weaklier Mbiktgande which
on the eurfaceshas nothing to,
, do with Red intrkniat in ilia:
Balkans. ? ; ? ?
CoMninnisti kat their
military battled in Grine be- ?
cause of the bravery of the.,
, Greek army and the Wier
support of pus United States:
But they have caused a break
In the NATO by turning the
attention of the Cheek people.
? to an ittunediae -solution of v '
the Cyprus question for which
they- could have waited until t
internationalsidas had cleared.
The inexplicable violent rev
action of the Turks-hi tbst-4
Athens claims for an island t.
which at one time was theirs
was caused, according to f,
Ankara official reports. by ?
handful of Miaow agents who
ha've ? successfully played on -
the Turkish nationalist feel-
Ings. All these moves, to atialsi;
must be added the unman' MS ,
Morocco and Algeria. are
:the): of Cornmunist orlrinC?
Yet' neither Washttigton. arr. .
Linden has *OM anything
constructive to obviate theig:s
? effect on the strategic pod- ;
tient of the West in all those' )1
areas.
by Kremlin agents for several And it is an indisputable ?
veers. We heyee never et_ fact that our strategic ale
tempted to counter these, bases irons Morocco to Saudi.
moves seriously and never Arabia are of vital importance
attempted to nip In the bud to our defense system in the '
the natural Greek chauvinism event 'the men in Moscow de."
concerning Cyprus. cide, to change they. gratis
There was a time when ,the beck te.seen .? ??
..
(let': ?
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41.???
a4011 a %eta IAS
STAT .'as
STAT' OCT 3 1 1955
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Red Firms Undercutting VSt
In War to - 4'n Arab arkets.
By ISSA El. KORASHI
THE WSI
calm Vet. 30.?Commuulst trade agenta, tO tike a los to gaitiikoilhisar-
r ROITIC of them are thinking of moving out.
The Riede war is part of ? I 1
general Communist plan to, woo also includes .temptingi offers of
the Arabs with,military summit' economie aid. The Soviets have
and a heavydose of propaganda, atoned la finance Egyptian darn-
kets, ate unilereuttIntAineridanfrand other Western businessmen hems? s brit
k_.
?
even have ,propeeed to, pay for .
Arab-Israeli development of the 1
Jordan Illyer?a project binned t.
Mat commercial success came ? ?..,
A typicalexample of Commu- roma: on the. upper Nile and and advocated by the U. . _At:
? ? - ----r? a 4 ti. e r..- - ' - '
3 when the Egyptian Health Minis-
I t
I ty wanted to buy DDT. The Ion- ,
est American bid was 10c a ,
1., pound. while Fest Germany o(-'
feted it at 7c.
, IBM Also Mit
. I
"Certainly We are not In ? posi-
tion to compete with East Ger-
man materials that are dumped
on the market." tho Otto Gerdau /
Co., of 82 Wall St., New York. r.
wrote its Cake represehtative. 1...
International Businbas Machines p.'h
also says it is facing toogh corn- 1:1
petition, with East finrman?firois \
undercutting its prices by 20'7.
Art English company lost a big kt IC, ?
ket
lailwoe frieght ear contract when t'
Poland offered to provide the I
talS for 27% less. than the
' ? English erica.
?
Egyptian import's from the
Soviet bloc are up to ;16 million
to far this year. .while its. ex-
ports to the Red. are $60 million.'
? Both figures are increasing.
. By contrast, Egyptian imporis
[non the U.S. dropped from g1t2
million in 1951 to $30 million in
io54 and are still dropping:
Cotton a Factor
? The cionnitinists. aside front
eh( au lal et and their indifferent...
1 pa oft,. have another advantage
ii their willingness to take
Egyptian cotton instead of eselt
I 4 payment. In fait; they even
int v more than the world rates
fel the cotton.' Egypt's main
el op.
I. ranee recently offered the
lowest hid for 11 contract to. pro-
vide I liemel hydraulic engines. but
the pile went to Ibingary hecause
it took cotton 'for ?ayment.
Red China has signed a deal to
fake ;26,800,00p smolt of Egyp-
tian cotton during the coming
,year in exchange r for $6350.tato
worth nf Meth with the rest pay-
able in sterling. '
ltuaia has agreed to take cot-
ton in exchange for 100.000 ton.
of 14E0ACTIC
? The Itrumian economic tbilot ?
? ?
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A
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STAT AW x ues 'LIMES
13CT:3 1 1555
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Egypt Said to Give Soviet Pledge
To Bar Suez to British in a Wart
Ily nitinv MIDDLETON , ,
torn No. York Tare.
GENEVA. Ott. 20 ?Israel hallinertia were npprn nh..! by ren-
:
hest. inforrited by a Soviet t rocniativer, of a Si.v.et stte'tPt.
Gtiternmelit Hit t In Tho latter eur.vemi niltuirrilq-
the event of (sir Egypt Wotikkakable wrinling.
rot honor her obligation to re-' Israel, they
admit _Britain to the Suet Canal ortwco to piolest via ni inh mot'
k'oneeienut Britain might not
reoccupy the base in that event.
but PreMler Ntaser's abandon.
moat of Article IV would reduce.
the Oreotiverseer of British ef-'
t nee . ? the rale t?f Arms to EC yst I.. e forts to belt ? an Israeli-Arab
This information was conveyerliown ros,:ton ID tkn lic El.,t League conflict.
to theitynited States and British:in deb.:nuance it yits Iasi( i? thseusalon ot Stich aIn-
variably described as 'preven-!
GovernMents by 1Srael, It wastaied, prom' the C?m.nrim live" by Isreet. sources, has de-,
: tamed nutlinritatively, A Police ordnitts I. of ("tn.' Me 4 vapidly In the last week.
States spokesman here said I hati that ..hrn the at ins t'??!! ? ? rzyptia reported intention to
rem:tent Article IV 4 the Suez
such a report had been heard -I:fleece:it in!. Plerito: ?:ahs1 API!
some of our people." A BillientNessi ^ tog the Buret n . Fos: l 0
toi .: bis-s me Iron:ill iii:it the mitt
rlitir;sriits eSt\hfarietrttliclInssraellii
informant. said he had no per-lead e?t int. is nyi ,,ery nin le I yoi;'1e
-
ram, knowledge of the report. (?htiatitien imt,? I th. pi It ., . I i" :v.:, '11l
, ^ :int Foreign Minister. ti'e lt.'eit tr.nnot prevent this
The sources consulted felt surei Egypt' ii ( :I.:, t y. 1 %icor ter. !Sect in my cf , Mate Dulles and reinfaz cement In material, he
that the Communist informants treat, tivititto eater,' to ?....t, ri vitt Foteign Minister Vynche- attic 'slam Litters military r,,,-
Were telling ;he truth and Wereldraw hon.. the Son Can :l :tit.' lac M Molotov isition should be strengthened as
not relaying a bluff, for the a ti trio the area over r, ot,,,,, itosults of l'iretings Listed far as ssible."
an se to ? ipanores Kent on to:e, fit:1 ss.t-vi ti'- 'i ontrsdd?inny, r . in leports en these meet-
artier( that sinless Israel re-I', . r
..,e non. 'In, . *I .? e Emerged the follow-
:
The Premier called for "a sr-
curity guarantee" deterring new
("nm,,! ft out choosing sides in. Toe passin:..... it -?,,,,, .?.,1 ing Posm? . ViSereNS1011 Itgailloi lora& aimed
rime Lea,. 44 ?,..1,.(1 7tr., molo.. at her -territorial tategnty and
the don:mob- conflict ansingiospurt Premier N 'e'er : , a i.
front tt,e Soviet 1 nion s Int IR ra -lanitore that Ankle 1?,* re 14 finnr......:1:,ti...,? swaylicit, Umnaitlicilli 21 rtictdt
?..MrYr.jitiSrvhn?re'aitc said he did not
lion td the Middle F.axt shott
ow 14 a deed letter o :co 'lie ;n-1 Ir?V' ? 'I I., '1 and rityp is3 think the United States had yet
mig'it ImS herself friendless andatrit?ei .i. . ' ' - t .
? . I troops leave f`,.:vie ;.?,.... , so .-,..,? r h" ...?1, slits of arms de:AM on measures to dent with
?inprotectod in the event of war. time cany in nat. In Frytlan. . the situation. But Washington .
Foteign Socrehry Harold
"can now make up Its mind in .
liro ?l?
Article Is.' of th. I: ...I: v to
Mai:v.1Sn took the bair line full cognizance of what Israel
. n
tweets f:yipt and lint ?n. ???. lir.: it, a %%aril c.: to :iitr. Nit-dray thinks of the danger threatening ? . )
Oct. 19 19a4 u. Ci..ro i t ars: vesteeona her and of the line of action She '
believes should be followed." he
declared.
If Mr. Rharetts special is not .
met he will return to Israel
Tuesday empty-handed. .
IlenlOurion to Make Appeal
Much. perhaps even the grav-
est issues, will then rest, it Is
;3( 1950? or on Tut /cry, I" LW ?NI arms to Egypt and She mid. on the West's repon.se to
shall offer VI the l'r lin Kim ?I le, oro both arms and a secunty an appeal Tueday that David
oin such facilo les so la i.i ?ict. 'rat tee. Ben?Gution. who resumes the of-
netts/Airy in older to pit . to erre,. United States does not (ice of Premier that day, mil
' ?
Q.:salmi? the possibility of selling make in the Knesset (Perlis:
t1sertnin amount of ? arms to ment),
Mr. Ben-Carlon Is COCOA to
asseit him Government's desire
to negoUate a peace settlement
with Egypt and the other Arab '
states. It Is expected that in '
this announcement he will assert
that although Israel wants such .
a settlement she is not prepared
to make anytcommitroents prior i
to the start of negotiations. ..
The seriousness ef the sittin: .
tion from. the Larsen standpoint ?
was reflected in a remark of one
authoritative source. He said
elle Eat*, In relatunt :?1 s i It ?? ?inn there ars no Policy Oar"- enough sentiment in Israel at
war involving the F iel I ss, t,"ree nn 01her s.
, ide t present is Against a preventive
wyuld Corinne drnst '"'Y still:sit talks to Dillies I war he did not know what would
Sul ? Easenilal to lin. MI Sharett discussed the Mid-i happen in a week or ten days if
The Emilia; tate it, t1,1 ..., ,..7 diii-c. Fast situation with . tr. Dui-
Canal lone III n'clli,11 ? I v hat' .as this a ttcritoyn. Tile /noel
the Unitet Ito' e-. an . l:iit tai . I Premier s thl the ? Secretary of
essential to tlo dec.- . e of :: ? i onic had Itoen left 'in no dribt
an il. I ' Se Cf * ;a: *. ...a., .*, . ? lc*" tut,rein? cot OR as to toe post.
war :...'itt- il. : ? et? i ,i+?? 1 .. i lit, ef 1?1:-iel in the present arms
infOn on.? ' ra I ? ::. : r . 4 . . ?c. ?
the MIcla.1( E:' ? ? . ? int v. t. lito? I 'twin:0N her vety ex-
into the iren? " a i. .- ?, ..? ' l'!".? e" in bo ttena.ted by "this
betweei in.i.? A no t t k? ? iiia`? ce irrrrace of strength"
..it /..opt Mr. Sharon sa.d. If
Into An already difficult situ.
Mien the charge. wan introduced
that Egypt Intended to block
? British re-entry Into the Sues In the cvent of an ni ntta.,If 0 I nnel s'reiuest to the United
base, by any radsid., pOWer nn any St ,It's for defeninv? U7eaPorir
Ten days ago, It was report- which itt the ?me ???.:,? Jrcraft and nnti.tank guns,
country
n'ysul mart?le vessels and fight-
ed, 'then anxiety over the sale signature of the present ni tot- unti Le announced- in detail
Of Czechoslovak inns to Eg't.,1entii. It party to too :lean ? .1 'hin week.
was nearing its peak. Israeli dip- joint 4e1 one. bet-tem. !I Mr. Shama told Mr. Dulles
': it "very existence" was
League states signed on Ar,
base on a war foottng a?.1
operate it efficiently. Ms:, f:
IN tie] hut. It will not engage In
:Hitler shall include the cc e: support an arms race. between
Egyptian ports within lbo :rolls Israel and Lgypt. 'the I atter
of what Is strictly indi/...n.eai In bar ked by the Soviet Union.
for the, aboveunentic s p.1 Ai the moment the United
pones." 'states policy rests bn the 1050
The members of Arab 1.014en terlaration by the United States;
are Egypt, Saudi Arob.t, lir:tali* and TrIlllee pledging the
Iraq, Syria.,14sbnneit, 1.0.?? a- I I:,,limonance of the present tron-
Jordan. it.srs in the 'Middle East And of
Were FON to or. 1: 'or li.vele that would make_ fig-
clause a dad leflei. as It '..rrisson imposstbie by either Is-
torments tellfidei ; ??? re the Arab League states,
the atrategte p sitar 'I rs fte . B411 in the present evolving situ-
the Nest failed to provide some
support for Mr. Sharett and Mr.
Ben-Genoa.
Such statements encourage a
belief among observers here that
the efforts of Mr. Sharett stud ?
Ben-Gunon s speech rePre?
sent the last chance for the mod-
erate in Israel to prevail other
extremists, who are denianding:
preventivo action.
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DEC 1 8 1955 ? 1 44-
?Cum? inT(17?1 13(104
1
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?
?:?
1956'a Year of Deeilion
Askabs Turn to Russia
. By 'Robert Hewett .
. .
_ lactated Prim
, . ? .
r BEIRUT, Lebanon?A stone skimmed
close over the heads of the visiting Amer.
! inns. A. ragged 10.year-old boy, bare-
foot ill the cold winter mud, peered
around the corner of a stone hut and
shouted In Arable: *When are you Amer-
icans going to let us go back to Pales-
? tine,"
. This Mlle incident in an Arab refugee
asap?one if stores hotting 900,800
Arab ref ogees ? from Israel?illustrates
the feeling In the Arab world toward
America these days.
An embittered Western-educated Arab
leader saw it coming. Six years ago.
after the new state of Israel had fought
'the ill-organised armies of six Arab na-
tions to a standstill, he told this corre-
spondent:
"It's too bad there Isn't an Arab vote
in the Untied States. American politi-
cians who support Israel to win Jewish
votes are going to turn the Arabs against
the West Why does the United States
oppose 45 million Arabs who want to he
friends and support less than two mil-
lion Jews who have taken our land by
force?"
Today American diplomats and bud-
nessmen in this area agree that the
Arabs are indeed turning against the
West?and they are turning to (Russia.
A 1 MANY AMERICANS and Britons In
day-to-day contact with the Arabs see
1958 as the "year of decision" for the
Middle East and for America's future
' in the area. They are convinced that
there is very real danger of largesesle
Soviet penetration of this strategic land
'bridge between Asia and Africa. And
the desert sands and rugged hills cover
? i more than half the world's oil which
now goes to the West.
Many American newcomers are as-
tounded at the depth of anti-American
4; feeling among the Arabs and worried
? r? by the gains already made by the Iron
, t Curtain countries, The Arab answer is,
? "Israel." Rightly or wrongly, most Arabs
? rib fear the Israelis more than they do Corn-
.,?i f t Arabs oneleek their own disunity and
;if, munism.
I ? , f- blare the United States--end Britain le
R./ 4 if , a lesser extent?for the Ion of their
1rbinds to DraeL They claim that Israel
. i
? 1 .I. arm would have ben earved out of
, / Palestine la 1948 without the support of
7',the West.
y They point to Israeli bond drives rais-
o e
. riff ing millions of dollars in the United
?
^ ? , ? States as proof that Americans support
?' ? ' ' (ArabsthIsrael today against the Arabs. Many
?( suspicious Abs see e proposed Amer-
i
' ? kan-linaneed Jordan Valley irrigation
? /scheme and refugee resettlement plans
/ as "tricks" for the ultimate benefit of
if Israel.
if Moslem Arabs are traditionally anti-
Communist, But Communism is no longer
1 a nasty word since the Czechs began
I selling arms to Egypt and since Russia
offered to build an oil refinery in Syria
, and to all in Egypt's tie Nile River darn
I project.
1 .
American and, British diplomats are
warning their governments that a ant.
promise solution must be fend seen.
They fear a new Oaten ef big-scale
fighting?which would pellet nay thei
Communists, no matter who MS ?If
peace efforts fall.
But In public statements, at least, each
side insists that the other do the cont.
promising. These are the main stunt.
bling blocks.
1. Territory, The Arabs want Israel's
boundary to be that prescribed in the
1947 United Nations partition plan. This
would cost Israel considerable territory
which she took during the 1948 iiar. . L
2. Refugees, The Arabs want the 900.-
000 Arab refugees repatriated to Israel.
Some Arabs have said they would ac-
cept compensation for loss of their
homes. Israel has said It has no roam
now to repatriate the refugees and the
issue of compensation has never reached
the discussion stage.
3. Economic boycott of Israel. Egypt.
has refused to let Israel-bound ships use
the international Suez Canal or pass
through the Gulf of Aqaba to the Israeli
port of Elath. Most foreign firms which
do business with Israel are boycotted in
the Arab states and there is no trade
between Israel and her neighbors.
"Trying to make a peace on the pres-
ent basis simply hasn't worked," one ?
American diplomat told this correspond-
ent. ''We are.aoing to have to make az
new approach unless we want to hand,
the Arab world over to the Communists.
And if Soviet communism takes over the
Middle East because of our Arab-Israeli,
policy, there will be more violent reac-
tions in American politics than were
caused by the loss of Chins, the Yalta
agreements or the conduct of the Korean.
war." ? ?
WESTERN DIPLOMATS who have
dealt with both Arabs and Israeli* an
it will be tougher to get concessions
from the Israelis than from the Arabs.
Their view I. that most -Arab leaden
are basically antiCommunIst and ant
turning to the Red bloc for support'
only because they haven't received sup..
port from the West. They believe that
the Arab leaders would modify their!
demands for territory because they pre?'
fer the West as the lesser of two evils. ot
Certain American -and British dlpir
mats are hoping that Israeli leaden will I
modify their stand under pressure of ,
American arguments that the Israelis
may be blamed for Middle East Demme. k,
Mem if no settlement is reached. Bet
on the basis of recent Israeli statements:\
they are not too optimistic!. '
'1'he time has, come when We Mini N
decide whether our Policy is to support
Israel on present boundary 'lines and 1,
refugees even at the risk of damaging i
American interests in the Arab states," i 1 ? I
detlared an American diplomat who de-
dined to be nuotei by name. 'You can ,t4
call it Arab blackmail If you wish. but ' '
some just solution should and must be
founr! I think Israelis and reivonsible
Jess c In America will come to realise
II.. present danger,"
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2014/03/26 : CIA-RDP60-00321R000100090002-0
URAIDO / 'Ern n 31
AND TIMES H ?
? .
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release ? 50-Yr 2014/03/26 : CIA-RDP60-00321R000100090002-0
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