THIRTEENTH AGENCY ORIENTATION COURSE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP57-00259A000100150001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 73
• Document Creation Date: November 16, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 19, 2000
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: February 5, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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CONFIDENTIAL
THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
THIRTEENTH AGENCY' ORIENTATION COURSE
conducted by
THE OFFICE OF TRAINING
in
The U. S. Department of Agriculture Auditorium
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
February 2, 3, 4, 5, 1954
(0900-1200 hours each day)
IMPORTANT
This booklet is classified "Confidential."
For protection please insert your initials
only and your telephone extension.
If you bring this program to the Course, re-
member that you are personally responsible
for its safety. Document. R1 M Ul,ly
n Class..
CHUGN C) DECLASSIF IlED
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DDA lie: o, 4 Apr '71
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INSTRUCTIONS FOR THOSE ATTENDING
THE CIA ORIENTATION COURSE
Transportation to and from the Auditorium
No arrangements can be made for those attending the Course to park
in the vicinity of the South Agriculture Building. Capital Transit char-
tered busses, therefore, will leave at 0830 hours each morning from:
The "loop" at the north end of "M Building to transport those persons
whose offices are located in North, Central, South, Administration, "M",
25X1 A "Q" and adjacent buildings.
Gate 11 in the rear of "K" Building to transport those persons whose
offices are located in "I", "J", "K", and "L" buildings.
Recreation and Service Building to transport those persons whose
offices are located in that general area.
Building to transport those persons whose offices are located in
25X1 A that general area.
The busses will make a return trip to these four points at noontime.
Security
This training Course, as a whole, is classified SECRET. You are cau-
tioned to guard your conversation going to and from the Auditorium.
Since passes are not shown upon entering the chartered Capital Transit
busses, anyone may be riding with you and overhearing your remarks.
You are also cautioned not to drop any classified papers on the floor of
the Auditorium. These should be taken back to your offices. Any notes
taken during the Course should be classified properly and protected with
appropriate care.
Promptness
The schedule for each day permits no leeway in time. Accordingly,
to maintain the pace commensurate with this demand, please plan to
be in your seats each morning at least five minutes before the scheduled
opening of the program. Coffee and soft drinks are not available in the
vicinity of the Auditorium. Because of this and the tightness of the
schedule, it is requested that all return to their seats prior to the end
of the break periods.
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Registration
Every Agency parson attending must complete a registration card on
each morning of the Course. These cards, properly filled out, constitute
the official record of attendance at the Course. An attendant will col-
lect the cards at 'he exit of the Auditorium at the conclusion of each
morning's prograt a.
Question Periods
All questions will be submitted in writing on cards provided for this
purpose. Since tie printed program shows names of participants and
synopses of subjects, questions may be prepared and submitted at any
time addressed to k sly speaker.
Intelligence Bibliography
to this prograrr is included a bibliography for those in the field of
intelligence. This list is fai from exhaustive and is to be considered
suggestive of the ttpe of mat!riai which should be read to increase one's
knowledge of intel:igence ant related subjects.
Lost Articles
Any calls on lose articles should be made to extension 3601.
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- Pro gram -
*
TUESDAY --FEBRUARY 2
BACKGROUND
**
WEDNESDAY -FEBRUARY 3
COORDINATION AND SUPPORT
THURSDAY --FEBRUARY 4
THE PRODUCTION FUNCTION
****
FRIDAY -FEBRUARY 5
THE IMPACT OF INTELLIGENCE
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FIRST DAY (Tuesday, February 2, 1954)
BACKGROUND
Time Topic
0900 - 0910 OPENING REMARKS BY
THE DIRECTOR OF TRAINING
Speaker
Matthew Baird
0910 - 0940 BRIEFING OF "CIA SECURITY
OFFICERS"
Each employ,* of the agency must consider
himself at all times a "security officer" of the
organization and as such must adopt an ever-
present and realistic security attitude toward
every task an l responsibility. The strength of
all we do in every component of intelligence is
only as strorg as our weakest security link.
0940 - 0950 Questior. Period
0950 - 1010 REMARKS
1010 - 1015 COURSE ANNOUNCEMENTS
1015-1030 BREAK
The Deputy Director of
Central Intelligence
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Time Topic Speaker
1030 - 1050 SPECIAL PRESENTATION Gen. Walter B. Smit
Under Secretary of
1050-1105 Question Period
1105 - 1150 CIA - OUR CHARTER AND
OUR CHALLENGE
Insulated with our two-ocean protection and
not considering "Intelligence" as a necessary
or even desirable adjunct of Government, the
United States was both shortsighted and tardy
in developing an organization to make Na-
tional Intelligence. Though World War II
convinced policy makers of the need for strate-
gic estimates to strengthen national security,
no simple organizational pattern was avai.l-
able. Hence, out of a barrage of suggestions,
criticisms, and designs came both an agency
for national intelligence and the standards and
norms to bolster and develop such an organiz a-
tion. In the world of today, the Central In-
telligence Agency of our nation is designed so
as to develop the best intelligence products as
guides for our policy leaders.
1150 -1200 Question Period
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SECOND DAY {Wednesday, February 3, 1954)
"OORDINATION AND SUPPORT
Time
Topic
Speaker
0900
- 0905
HIGHLI,)rHTS OF PREVIOUS
DAY'S PROGRAM
Chief, 0 & B Division,
OTR
0905
- 0925
CQORD)NATION
"Sherman Kent
The major statutory responsibility of CIA is to
coordinate "tire intelligence activities of the
several Government departments and agencies a~ y
in the interes: of nationa:, security,...." In ful-
filling this ta..k the DCI a:id the officers of CIA
do in fact achieve the coordination of consid-
erable blocks of intelligence substance, of in-
telligence on anization, and of intelligence
activity in the overall system. Recognizing
that the detartmental nteiligence agencies
report to the r own policy officials, coordina-
tion is attained by constant efforts of the DCI
to strengthen the end products, viz., Intelli-
gence estima&es and repeats of all kinds. As
an integral p in of this undertaking CIA pro-
vides certain services of common concern to
the entire intelligence community.
0925
- 0935
Questior Period
0935
- 1010
INFORMATION
Information is the lifebload of the Intelligenc
process. Collectors abroad send back raw In
formation in response to specific requiremen
or in fulfilim ant of general requirements. In
the United States CIA has central means of
collecting int)rmation. When received, Infor-
mation Is dLstemfnated to the original reques-
tor, to other )arts of the intelligence commu-
nity having an interest It the current value of
the information, and to CIA's central reference
facilities for !ecording, ir..dexing, and catalog-
Ing. The re: earth worker uses these refer-
ence facilitie. before preparing an intelligence
estimate or report. He examines and syn-
thesizes the informatio-A which Is already
available or his subject. and Issues specific
requirements for additional information which
is needed.
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SECOND DAY - Continued
Time Topic
1010-1025 BREAK
1025 -1055 TRAINING
... better efficiency and morale in the ran
of the public service will, in our view, depen
upon new efforts to improve training program
for those entering into the field of National
Security affairs, so as to provide not only
greater technical competence and language
area knowledge, but also a broader under-
standing of the significance of their oven
assignment."
"Jackson Committee" Report to Preside:at
Eisenhower.
1055-1105 Question Period
Speaker
ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT 'YNI. Lawrence K. White
The goal of administrative officials is to re-
lieve those persons who are ;-esponsible for
operations and the production of intelligence
of as much of the business and administrative
detail as possible. Administrative support is
not an incidental but an integral and vital
part of our operational and intelligence effo:-t.
It is essential that it be carefully considered in
all phases of our operations and activities from
the early stages of planning through exec-a-
tion.
1125-1135 Question Period
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Time Topic
1135-1150 PERSONNEL SERVICES
The mission (d the Perso met office is to pro-
vide all servi,es connected with persons em-
ployed by this Agency so that they may per-
form their duties under the best possible
conditions and in jobs suited to their talents.
This office is charged with securing people of
every type fo, the many and varied functions
which CIA must perform. Their assignment,
promotion, widfare and all matters connected
with allowances, awards and the Career Serv-
ice Program come under its jurisdiction- Every
effort is made to see that fey are suited to the
task to which they are assigned and that they
are satisfied with the work that they are
doing.
1150-1200 Questior. Period
Speaker
Harrison G. Reynolds
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THIRD DAY (Thursday, February 4, 1954)
THE PRODUCTION FUNCTION
Time Topic
0900 - 0905 HIGHLIGHTS OF PREVIOUS
DAY'S PROGRAM
Economic and geographic intelligence is based
on the analysis of information from all sources
ranging from open publications and news-
papers to the most highly classified materials.
The research in these fields results in reports
and estimates that focus on problems of na-
tional intelligence significance and that sup-
port operational planning. The functions of
economic and geographic intelligence are to
mobilize all pertinent data, to analyze these
data for meeting intelligence requirements,
and to identify the gaps that require more
effort, both in collection and research, in order
to solve remaining uncertainties. Economic
intelligence production in CIA is confined
largely to the study of the Soviet Bloc and to
the coordination of economic research on for-
eign areas performed in other agencies.
0940 -1010 CURRENT INTELLIGENCE
The Office of Current Intelligence is the "nerve
center" of CIA. It operates on a 24-hour basis
and is geared to give quick and immediate
evaluations of all intelligence which could con-
ceivably affect the national security or herald
a crisis situation. This evaluated information
is disseminated on a continuing basis to the
President, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Secre-
taries of State and Defense, and the National
Security Council. Foreign policy and national
defense plans cannot be stronger than the in-
telligence on which they are based. Facts in
themselves are not necessarily relevant for
policies and plans unless put :n their proper
context. Ideally the production of current in-
telligence yields a continuing grasp of what is
going on throughout the foreign world now to
which attention should be paid, because of its
actual or potential danger or good for us.
1010-1020 Question Period
Speaker
Chief, 0 & B Division,
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Time Topic
1020 -1035 BREAK
1035-1115 SCIENT `IC. INTELLIGENCE
Scientific intelligence encompasses foreign re
pure research to that of production. Its rol
is to assess th? i effect of science and technolo:
upon the military, econorile, and political ca
pabilities and vulnerabilities of other nations.
A crucial asp let of this sole is the prediction
of the develc pment of r_.ew weapons, equip-
ment, and te-:hniques. la addition, scientific
activities may provide ind.cations of intentions
for hostilities. Adequate scientific intelligence
will have a pr ifound impact upon our strategy,
policies, and research ard development pro-
grams. Primary production responsibility for
major subjects is allocated between CIA and
the military , ervices. At the same time, 081
is responsible for providing the DCI and other
offices of the Agency with support in the en-
tire scientific intelligence field.
1115 - 1150 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
ESTIMA TES
Many of the riost important questions asked of
intelligence cannot be answered directly from
even the best accumulation of facts and data. ?t. 3 `t 'as-
Sometimes tY is is because the facts are not
available an(- cannot bc ascertained; more
often it is because the questions themselves
pose problem., of judgment rather than of fact.
The answer must be in the form of an
estimate. Nailonai Intelligence Estimates rep-
resent the coirdinated judgment, of the prin-
cipal governir ent Intelligence agencies, includ-
Ing CIA itsel', upon intelligence problems of
national impcrtance whici transcend the com-
petence of any one agency. It Is the function
of the Board of National Estimates to prepare
these estimat s and we to their coordination.
1150-1200 Questior. Period
Speaker
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FOURTH DAY (Friday, February 5, 1954)
THE IMPACT OF INTELLIGENCE
Time Topic Speaker
0900 - 0905 HIGHLIGHTS OF PREVIOUS Chief, 0 & B Division,
DAY'S PROGRAM OTR
0905 - 0940 THE SOVIET INTELLIGENCE
SYSTEM
The MVD is more than a police organization it is one of the key components of the Soviet
power machine. Its vast organization, re-
sources and authority probably exceed those
of any security organization. In history. Its
strengths, which derive from these factors, re-
fleet and typify the strengths of the Soviet
system. But the MVD suffers from certain
actual or potential weaknesses, which likewl3e
reflect the weaknesses of the Soviet system.
Chief among these is the fact that, for all of its
far-reaching facilities, it must rely upon hu-
man skills and subjective judgments in analyz-
ing and evaluating the information which it
gathers; and it is here that we must look for
its Achilles heel. For there is good reason to
believe that the Soviet official, whether he be
an intelligence officer, a diplomat, a propa-
gandist, or a theoretician, is incapable of the
hard-headed objectivity and intellectual hon-
esty which is essential to the process of draw-
ing sound conclusions from any intelligence
data. It is mainly in this field that we rela-
tive amateurs in CIA have the chance to beat
the MVD professionals at their own game.
0940 - 0950 Question Period
0950 -1035 INTELLIGENCE IN ACTION
Intelligence is not produced in a series of
watertight compartments. In the intelligence
services of a twentieth century great power
like the US this product evolvers from a series
of complex and constant interrelationships
between numerous collectors, evaluators, ana-
lysts, estimators, and disseminators in marry
a-$ it
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agencies and in many different offices In each
agency. The activities 3f all these agencies
and offices ziesh together to produce varied
types and levels of intelligence - ranging from
minute details to broad national estimates -
to meet wide and varied needs. A fictitious
case study w 1I give an e_+tample of the intelli-
gence proses; in action and demonstrate the
manner in which the intelligence facilities of
CIA and its sister agencies seek to anticipate
the needs of -,he planner and policy-maker and
to reduce t) a minimum the element of
surprise.
1035 - 1045
Questioi Period
1045-1100
BREAK
1100-1120
YOU AND THE AGENCY
Lyman B. Kirkpatrick
1120- 1130
Questio: i Period
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DCI's MESSAGE
The Director of
Central Intelligence
1150-1200
Questio: i Period
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1200
CONCLIJDING REMARKS
AND A.I)JOURNNLENT
Chief, Orientation and
Briefing Division, OTR
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GENERAL WALTER BEDELL SMITH
Walter Bedell Smith was born in Indianapolis, Indiana in 1895. He began his
military career in 1910 as a private in the Indiana National Guard. By 1917, when
he entered. the Officers Training Camp at Fort Benjamin Harrison, he had ad-
vanced through the non-commissioned ranks to the grade of first sergeant. He
was commissioned a second lieutenant in the Officers Reserve Corps in November
1917 and moved through the successive commissioned ranks to general, in the
Army of the United States in July 1951. He received his commission in the regular
Army as a first lieutenant of Infantry in September :1920. Upon graduation from
Officers Training Camp in November of 1917 he was assigned to the 39th Infantry
of the Fourth Division and served with this unit in France in 1918. Between the
World Wars, General Smith's assignments included: Assistant Chief Coordinator
and later as Executive Officer and Deputy Chief Coordinator of Budget in the
Bureau of the Budget (1925-29) ; a two year tour with the 45th Infantry Reg-
iment in the Philippines (1929-31) ; attending the Infantry School at Fort Benning,
Georgia, the Command and General Staff School at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas,
and the Army War College in Washington, D. C. (1921-39). Approximately three
of the years during the period 1931-39 were spent as a member of the staff and fac-
ulty of the Infantry School. In October 1939, General Smith was appointed to the
War Department General Staff in Washington where he served first as Assistant
Secretary and later as Secretary to the General Staff during the critical period
between October 1939 and January 1942. In February 1942, he was appointed
Secretary to the Combined Chiefs of Staff in Washington. In December 1942,
General Smith was ordered to England as Chief of Staff for General Eisenhower
who was at that time in command of all American forces in Europe. When
SHAEF (Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Forces) was organized in
January 1944, General Smith was appointed as the Chief of Staff of this Head-
quarters and remained in this capacity until the end of the war. On behalf of the
Supreme Commander, he signed the instruments effecting the surrender of Italy
and Germany. In February 1946, he was appointed Ambassador to the Soviet
Union, remaining in a military status during this assignment. His resignation as
Ambassador was accepted by the President on 25 March 1949. From April 1949 to
October 1950, he served as Commanding General of the United States First Army
with headquarters on Governors Island in New York City. In October 1950 Gen-
eral Smith was appointed by President Truman as Director of the Central Intelli-
gence Agency and took the Oath of Office on October 7, 1950. General Smith's
decorations include those awarded him by eleven foreign countries. He holds six
honorary degrees from various college,,: and universities. His latest book, "My
Three Years in Moscow" relates his experiences while serving as Ambassador to
the Soviet Union. On February 9, 1953 General Smith was sworn in as Under
Secretary of State.
ALLEN W. DULLES
Allen W. Dulles was born in 1893 in Watertown, New York. He is a graduate of
Princeton (B.A., 1914; M.A. 1916) and of George Washington University (LL.B.,
1926): He holds an LL.D. from Brown University (1947) and from Temple Univer-
sity (1952). His career has included: teaching English at Allahabad, India (1915);
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member of the Amer can Commi:salon to negotiate peace at the Paris Peace Con-
ference (1918-19) ; Fii st Secretary of the American Embassy in Berlin (1919) ; Chief
of the State Departrr.ent's Division of Near Eastern Affairs (1922-26); delegate to
two Geneva Conferer ces, to the Arms Traffic Conference (1925), and to the Pre-
paratory Disarmamert Conferenc (1926); partnership in the New York law firm of
Sullivan and Cromw'ai; legal advisor to the American delegation at the Three
Power Naval Confere ice, and aft;rward advisor to the delegations at the Geneva
Disarmament Conference of 1932 and 1933. In 1942 Mr. Dulles served as the Chief
of the Office of Strategic Services In Switzerland and later headed the OSS mission
to Germany. In 1948 be was designated by the President as chairman of a three-
man group to survey the U.S. Intelligence system. He has written several books,
his best known beinil Germany',- Underground. In January of 1951 Mr. Dulles
joined the CIA as this Deputy Director (Plans). In August of the same year, he
was appointed Deput,! Director of Central Intelligence. Mr. Dulles became Direc-
tor of Central Intel .tt pnce 28 February 1933.
UEUTENA.Irr GENERAL CHARLES FEARRE CABELL, USAF
Charles Pearre Cabel was born i.z Dallas, Texas, October 11, 1903. He was grad-
uated from the U.S. ldilitary Academy June 12, 1925, and commissioned a second
lieutenant of Field Artillery. For five years following his graduation from the
Academy, General Ca )e11 served with the 12th Field Artillery at Fort Sam Houston,
Texas. He then was assigned to the Air Corps Primary Flying School at Brooks
Field, Texas, from which he was graduated In February, 1931, when he went to
Kelly Field, Texas. :ie completed the observation course at the Air Corps Ad-
vanced Flying School in June, 193: , and remained at Kelly Field as a flying Instruc-
tor. He was transfer -ed to the Air Corps July 11, 1931. General Cabell joined the
Seventh Observation Squadron at France Field, Panama Canal Zone, as adjutant
in October, 1931. His subsequently served as commanding officer of the 44th
Observation Squadron, the 24th Pursuit Squadron, and the 74th Pursuit Squadron,
successively, at Albro )k Field, C.Z. In September, 1934, General Cabell became a
flying instructor at tl a Air Corps Primary Flying School at Randolph Field, Texas.
He later served as Pcst Adjutant. and in September, 1938, entered the Air Corps
Tactical School at Maxwell Field. Alabama, from which he graduated in June
1939. In August, 1931, he was detailed to the Command and General Staff School
at Fort Leavenworth Kansas, from which he was graduated In February, 1940.
The following June he went to Wright Field, Ohio, where he was assigned to the
Photographic Laboratory in the Experimental Engineering Division. After a
period as an observer with the Ft A.F. in the United Kingdom, he was transferred
to Washington, D. C, in April,, :941, for duty In the Office of the Chief of Air
Corps as Chief of tre Photo Urit. In February, 1942, he was made Assistant
Executive for Technical Planning and Coordination. The following month he
became Chief of the Advisory Council to the Commanding General of the Army
Air Forces. From Ju ie to October, 1943, he attended the first course at the Army
and Navy Staff College. General Cabell was assigned to the Eighth Air Force in
the European Theater in October, 1943, and on December 1, 1943, assumed com-
mand of the 45th Combat Bombardment Wing. In April, 1944, he became Direc-
tor of Plans for the 11.S. Strategic Air Force in Europe, and three months later
was made Director of Operation,. and Intelligence for the Mediterranean Allied
Air Forces with headquarters at Caserta, Italy. In May, 1945, General Cabell was
assigned to Air Force Headquarters, where he became Chief of the Strategy and
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Policy Division in the Office of the Assistant Chief of Air Staff for Plans. In
December, 1945, he was assigned with the Military Staff Committee of the United
Nations, and after attending the London Conference, remained on duty with the
United Nations in New York, as Deputy and later as U.S. Air Force Representative
on the Military Staff Committee. General Cabell was assigned to Air Force Head-
quarters in August, 1947, as Special Assistant to the Assistant Chief of Air Staff for
Plans, and the following two months served as Acting Deputy to the Director
(Designate) of the Joint Staff. In November, 194'I, he became Chief of the Air
Intelligence Requirements Division in the Office of the Director of Intelligence.
On May 15, 1948, he was appointed Director of Intelligence of the U.S. Air Force.
On November 1, 1951, General Cabell was named Director of the Joint Staff in the
Office of the Joint Chiefs of Staff. General Cabell has been awarded the Distin-
guished Service Medal, Legion of Merit, Distinguished Flying Cross, Bronze Star
Medal, and Air Medal with one Oak Leaf Cluster. He also has been made an
Honorary Commander of the British Empire, a Chevalier in the French Legion
of Honor, a wearer of the French Croix de Guerre, and a member of the Order of
Saints Maurice and Lazarus of Italy. He is rated a technical observer, and com-
mand pilot. He was sworn in as Deputy Director of Central Intelligence on
April 23, 1953.
MATTHEW BAIRD
Matthew Baird was born in 1901 in Ardmore, Pennsylvania. He received his B.A.
from Princeton in 1924, an M.A. the following year from the same institution, and
in 1928 a B.Litt. from Oxford University (Balliol College) . The next ten years
he spent as an educator, first as Master of the Haverford School and
later as Headmaster of the Arizona Desert School. In 1938 he left the field of edu-
cation for the grazing lands of Arizona where he specialized in the raising of
Brahman cattle. He is still the owner-operator of the Ruby Star Ranch located
near Tucson, Arizona. During World War II he served for forty-four months,
mostly in the South Pacific. Mr. Baird's assignments included: Commanding
Officer of the 13th Air Depot Group and later, Commanding Officer of the 13th Air
Force Service Command. He holds the Legion of Merit, the Air Force Commenda-
tion Medal and four Battle Stars. He was separated from the Air Force with the
rank of Colonel in 1945 but was recalled to active duty in December of 1950 to fill
the new post of Director of Training for the CIA. Thirty months after being
recalled to active duty he resumed his civilian status remaining on as Director
of Training. Mr. Baird still retains his interest in civic affairs In his adopted
State of Arizona, having served recently as the Vice President of the American
Brahman Breeders Association and as Chairman of the Arizona State Aviation
Authority.
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STATOTHR
COLONEL SHEFFIELD EDWARDS (RET.)
Colonel Sheffield Edwards was born in California in 1902. In 1923 he was grad-
uated from the U.S. iilitary Academy, at which time he received a Bachelor of
Science Degree. Durirg World War II Colonel Edwards served in England, France,
Germany, and LuxemlKurg from 1942-45. He was awarded the Legion of Merit
and the Bronze Star Mpdal for meritorious service as Chief of the Air Branch, 0-3
Section, Headquarters First Unitec States Army Group and Twelfth Army Group
from 9 December 1943 to 31 July 1944. During this time he was responsible in a
large degree for planni ag the air si.pport procedures that were successfully applied
in the battles of France. He retired voluntarily from active military service after
thirty years service or November 1, 1953. Since 1946 Colonel Edwards has been
assigned to the Central Intelligence Group and its successor organization, the
Central Intelligence Agency. Since the inception of the Security Office he has
held the position of Director of Se.:urity.
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SHERMAN KENT
Sherman Kent was born in Chicago, I.linois, on 1 December 1903, and received
his Ph.D. degree in history from Yale University. :He. was instructor of history
at Yale, 1928-30, and 1933-36, assistant professor,. 1936-40, and director of general
studies, Yale graduate school, 1940-41. During the war, Professor Kent was ini-
tially Chief of the Mediterranean Section, Division of Special Information, Office
of Co-ordinator of Information, and then became Chief of the African Section,
then of the Europe-Africa Division of the Research and Analysis Branch of the
Office of Strategic Services. In that capacity he was directly responsible for the
research and intelligence of a political, economic, and geographic nature on Euro-
pean countries, Africa, and the Near East. In January 1946, after the Research and
Analysis Branch, Office of Strategic Services was transferred to the State Depart-
ment, he became Deputy, then Acting Director of the Office of. Research and
Intelligence. Professor Kent was a member, of the resident faculty of the, National
War College. from August to December 1.946. He is.the author,ofthe book "Stra-
tegic Intelligence" (Princeton Univ. Press, 1949) , which he wrote as a Guggen-
heim Fellow, January through September 1947.. He resumed his duties as professor
of 'history at Yale University in September 1947. In. January 1951 he joined the
Agency as the Deputy Assistant Director for the Office of National Estimates.
In January 1952, Mr. Kent became Assi stant Director for the Office ? of National
Estimates.
LYMAN B. KIRK PATRIC K
Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., was born in 1916 in Rochester, New York. He studied
languages briefly at the University of Geneva; graduated from Princeton Uni-
versity in 1938. Prior to World War II he was employed ,as Editor and Personnel
Manager for the U.S. News. During World. War II he served in Europe as OSS De-
tachment Commander with the First Ar)ny and Twelfth U.S. Army Group and also
served as G-2 briefing officer to General Bradley during the European campaign.
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After discharge in th; rank of Major in 1945, Mr. Kirkpatrick resumed his job as
an editor of the U.S. News and World Report. In January 1947, he joined CIA's
Office of Operations and served there as: Chief of the Planning and Coordinating
Staff, Chief of the C rntact Division, and later as the Deputy Assistant Director
for Operations. In December 1950, Mr. Kirkpatrick was appointed Executive
Assistant to the Director of Central Intelligence. In July 1951, he was named
Deputy Assistant Dir *ctor for Special Operations, and in December of that year
was appointed Assistant Director for Special Operations. He was designated as
Chief of Operations, DD/P, eflec dve 1 August 1952. (Absent from duty 20 July
1952 to March 1953.) Mr. Kirkpatrick was appointed Inspector General of CIA,
30 March 1953.
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STATOTHR
HARRISON G. REYNOLDS
Harrison G. Reynolds was born ir. 1895 In Milton, Massachusetts. He attended St.
George's School, Newport, Rhode Island and graduated with the degree of A.B.
from Harvard Coiieggs in 1917. He attended the Plattsburg Training Camp and
was commissioned a Second Lieutenant of Infantry and served overseas for one
year with the Ninth U.S. Infantry, Second Division. During this period he served
for three months as intelligence Officer of the Third Brigade. With the rank of
Captain he became it active and entered the textile machinery business and spent
four years first with the Saco-Lowell Shops, manufacturers of cotton mill machin-
ery and with Scott and Williams Inc., manufacturers of knitting machinery. He
spent three years in the investment banking business and then three years as
Purchasing Agent of the Pepperell Manufacturing Company and three years as
President of Ipswich Mill s Incorporated. In 1932 he became Vice President in
charge of the Trust Department cf the Webster and Atlas National Bank of Boston
from which he resigred in November 1940 to enter active duty as a Major in the
Office of the Underse:retary of War. He formed the Plant Protection Division in
that office which was transferred in i942 to the Office of the Provost Marshal Gen-
-eras and this unit lx came the Iiternal Security Division. He was promoted to
STATOTHR Colonel in August 19+3 and in February 1943 he became the Air Provost Marshal
and organized and directed that ifilce from its inception. He became inactive in
January 1948. Mr. Feynolds entered on duty as Chief, of CIA in
September 1947. He served for several months in 1953, on temporary duty, as
Chief of th ad on 18 January 1954 became Assistant Director
for Personne .
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COLONEL LAWRENCE K. WHITE (RET.)
Lawrence K. White was born in 1912 in union City, Tennessee. He received an ap-
pointment to the U.S. Military Academy (B.S. 1933), and upon graduation was
commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the Infantry. After various assignments
in this country and in the Philippines, he returned to the United States in 1941.
Returning to the Pacific in 1942, he saw action in the Fiji Islands, the New Hebri-
des, the Solomons and the Philippines. He was wounded in action in the Philip-
pines in April 1945 and was hospitalized until retirement in February 1947. His
decorations include the Distinguished Service Cross, Silver Star, Legion of Merit
with one Oak Leaf Cluster, Bronze Star Medal with two Oak Leaf Clusters,
Purple Heart, Presidential Unit Citation, and Navy Commendation Ribbon. He STATSPEC
joined CIA in February 1947 n
September 1947, a post which he held until December 1950, at which time he was
appointed Deputy Assistant Director for Operations. In January 1952, he was
appointed Assistant Deputy Director (Administration). On July 1, 1953, Colonel
White became Acting Deputy Director 'Administration).
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 CONFIDENTIAL
Y3
THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
1954
Number 2
conducted by
in
The U. S. Department of Agriculture Auditorium
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
May 4, 5, 6, 7, 1954
(0900-1200 hours each (lay)
IMPORTANT
This booklet is classified "Cor..fidential."
only and your telephone extension.
Extension : ...............................
If you bring this program to the Course, re-
for its safety.
^ D-,CLASSJ.F1ED
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INSTRUCTIONS 1O1t THOSE ATTENDING
THE CIA ORIENTATION COURSE
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Transportation to and from the Auditorium
No, arrangements can be made for those attending the Course to park
in the vicinity of the South Agriculture Building. Capital Transit char-
tered busses, therefore, will leave at 0830 hours each morning from:
The "loop" at the north end of "M" Building to transport those persons
whose offices are located in North, Central, South, Administration, "M",
and adjacent buildings.
Gate 11 in the rear of "K" Building to transport those persons whose
offices .are located in 411", "J", "It", and "L" buildings.
Recreation and Service Building to transport those persons whose
offices are located in that general area.
to transport those persons whose offices are located in
that, genera area.
The busses will make a return trip to these four points at noontime.
Security
This training Course, as a whole, is classified. SECRET. You are cau-
tioned to guard your conversation going to and from the Auditorium.
Since passes are not shown upon entering the chartered. Capital Transit
busses, anyone may be riding with you and overhearing your remarks.
You are also cautioned not to drop any classified papers on the floor of
the Auditorium. These should be taken back,to your offices. Any notes
taken during the Course should be classified properly and protected with
appropriate care.
Promptness
.The schedule for each day permits no leeway in time. Accordingly,
to maintain the pace commensurate with this demand, please plan to
be in your seats each morning at least five minutes before the scheduled
opening of the program. Coffee and soft drinks are not available in the
vicinity of the Auditorium. Because of this and the tightness of the
schedule, it is requested that all return to their seats prior to the end
of the break periods.
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Registration
Every Agency pisson attending must complete a registration card on
each morning of the Course. These cards, properly filled out, constitute
the official record Df attendance at the Course. Attendants will collect
the cards at the exits of the Auditorium at the conclusion of each
morning's prograr i.
Question Periods
All questions will be submitted in writing on cards provided for this
purpose. Since tr.e printed program shows names of participants and
synopses of subjects, questions may be prepared and submitted at any
time addressed to ? ny speaker.
Intelligence Bibliography
In this prograrr is included a bibliography for those in the field of
intelligence. This list is far from exhaustive and is to be considered
suggestive of the t rpe of mat3rial which should be read to increase one's
knowledge of intelligence ant- related subjects.
Lost Articles
Any calls on los' articles should be made to extension 3 01.
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- Pro gram -
*
TUESDAY -MAY 4
BACKGROUND
**
WEDNESDAY - MAY 5
SUPPORT AND COORDINATION
***
THURSDAY - MAY S
THE PRODUCTION FUNCTION
****
FRIDAY-MAY 7
THE IMPACT OF INTELLIGENCE
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FIRST DAY (Tuesday, May 4, 1954)
Time Topic Speaker
0900 - 0910 OPENING REMARKS BY Matthew Baird
THE DI:IECTOR OF TRAINING
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9930 - 1000 THE EINEMY WE FACE
The Soviet ti seat results from a. combination
of two factor,.: First, the magnitude of Soviet
capabilities, and second, tie irreconcilable hos-
tility of the Soviet leaders toward the free
world. Not caly is the Soviet orbit a formid-
able enemy; it is also a formidable intelligence
target, shielctd under ;otalitarlan security.
However, it a ]so has certain intelligence vul-
nerabilities. In a totalitarian system every
aspect of life is geared to serve the purposes
of the rulers. Therefore as we learn how to
observe and analyze Soviet activities which are
not, and canr of be, fully concealed we are able
to piece together reliable indications of Soviet
capabilities.
1000 -1010 Questioi i Period
1010 -1015 COURSH ANNOUNCEMENTS Chief, Orientation and
Briefing Division, OTR
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FIRST DAY -- Continued
Time Topic
1030 -1100 THE OPERATIONS COORDINATING
BOARD
Executive Order No. 10483, September 3, 1953,
established the OCB to increase the effective-
ness of decisions reached in the National
Security Council. Members of OCB are the
Under Secretary of State, Chairman; the Dep-
uty Director of Defense, the Deputy Director of
Foreign Operations Administration and a rep-
resentative of the President. When necessary
other agencies participate as members. The
OCB is directed by the President to coordinate
the implementation of national security policy
decisions; to clarify responsibilities, opera-
tional plans and to time their execution; and
to initiate new action proposals when situa-
tions demand. The Board has the full assist-
ance of a full time professional staff and
makes extensive use of inter-agency working
committees.
1100 -1110 Question Period
1110 - 1150 CIA - OUR CHALLENGE AND
OUR CHARTER
Insulated with our two-ocean protection and
not considering "Intelligence" as a necessary
or even desirable adjunct of Government, the
J United States was both shortsighted and tardy
in developing an organization to make Na-
tional Intelligence. Though World War II
convinced policy makers of the ;.seed for strate-
gic estimates to strengthen national security,
no simple organizational pattern was avail-
able. Hence, out of a barrage of suggestions,
criticisms, and designs came both an agency
for national intelligence and the standards and
norms to bolster and develop such an organiza-
tion. In the world of today, the Central In-
telligence Agency of our nation: is designed so
as to develop the best intelligence products as
guides for our policy leaders.
1150 -1200 Question Period
Speaker
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SECOND DAY (Wednesday, May 5, 1954)
SUPPORT AND COORDINATION
Time
Topic
Speaker
0900
- 0905
H9GHLJ GHTS OF PREVIOUS
AY'S :?ROGRAM
Chief, 0 & B Division,
0905
0930
ADMIN STRATN.E SUPPORT
Col. Lawrence K. White
of as much of the busine-is and administrative
detail as po, sable. Adm nistrative support is
not an incid tntal but an Integral and vital
part of our o;)erational avid intelligence effort.
It Is essential that It be carefully considered in
all phases of ur operations and activities from
the early stares of planning through execu-
tion.
0930 - 0940 Question Period
0940 -1020 INFORMATION
The goal of administrative offfcials Is to re-
lieve those iersons whr are rernnnsihtn #-
Information is the iifeblo3d of the intelligence
process. Collectors abroad send back raw In-
formation in response to specific requirements
or in fulflllm rk of genera! requirements. In M
the United Sates CIA has central means of 22,743
collecting Information. When received, Infor-
mation is dis: emanated tc the original reques-
tor, to other carts of the Intelligence commu-
nity having a interest in the current value of
the informati.an, and to C_:A's central reference
facilities for ecording, indexing, and catalog-
ing. The research work* !r uses these refer-
ence facilities before preparing an intelligence
estimate or :,effort. He examines and syn-
thesizes the informatiorL which is already
available on his subject, and issues specific
requirements for additional Information which
is needed.
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SECOND DAY - Continued
Time Topic
1035 -1105 CLANDESTINE SERVICES
< it s all be the duty of the Agency, under
the dir tion of the National Security Council.-
Speaker
tional services of common concern as the
National Security Council determines can
be more efficiently accomplished central:iy;
"to perform such other functions and
duties related to intelligence affecting the
national security as the National Security
Council may from time to time direct."
-National Security Act of 194"
existing intelligence agencies, such addi-
. to perform, for the benefit of the
1105 -1115 Question Period
1150 -1200 Question Period
The Honorable
Walter H. Judd
Congressman from
Minnesota
wit/ 1, d 1 this
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THIRD DAY (Thursday, May 6, 1954)
THE PRODUCTION FUNCTION
Time Topic
0900 - 0905 HIGHLIGHTS OF PREVIOUS
DAY'S FROGRAM
0905 - 0940 ECON. AND GEOO. INTELLIGENCE
on the analysis of Information from all source
ranging from open publications and news-
papers to the most highly classified materials.
The research In these fields results in reports
and estimates that focus on problems of na-
tional intelligmce significance and that sup-
port operational planning. The functions of
economic and geographic Intelligence are to
mobilize all pertinent data, to analyze these
data for met Ling intelli;ence requirements,
and to identity the gap: that require more
effort, both In collection and research, in order
to solve remaining uncertainties. Economic
intelligence I roduction in CIA Is confined
largely to the study of the Soviet Bloc and to
the coordination of econc is research on for-
eign areas pei formed in other agencies.
The Office of current Intelligence is the "nerve
center" of CIS. It operates on a 24-hour basis
and is gearec _ to give quick and immediate
evaluations of all intelligence which could con-
ceivably affec-- the national security or herald
a crisis situation. This evaluated information
is disseminated on a continuing basis to the
President, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the Secre-
taries of State and Defence, and the National
Security Coun:il. Forelgr. policy and national
defense plans cannot be stronger than the In-
telligence on which they are based. Facts in
themselves we not necessarily relevant for
policies and rians unless put in their proper
context. Ideally the production of current in-
telligence ylelIs a continuing grasp of what is
going on throughout the Foreign world now to
which attentit ai should be paid, because of its
actual or pote ztiai danger or good for us.
1010 - 1020 Question Period
Speaker
Chief, 0 & B Division.
QTR
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THIRD DAY -Continued
Time Topic
1020 -1035 BREAK,
1035-1115 SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE
Speaker
Scientific intelligence encompasses foreign re-
search and development from the point of
.pure research to that of production. Its rol.e
is to assess the effect of science and technology
upon the military, economic, and political ca.-
pabilities and vulnerabilities of other nations.
A crucial aspect of this role is the prediction
of the development of new weapons, equip-
ment, and techniques. In addition, scientific
activities may provide indications of intentions
for hostilities. Adequate scientific intelligence
will have a profound impact upon our strategy,
policies, and research and development pro-
grams. Primary production responsibility for
major subjects is allocated between CIA ar..d
the military services. At the same time, OSI
is responsible for providing the DCI and other
offices of the Agency with support in the en-
tire scientific intelligence field.
1115 -1150 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
Many of the most important questions asked of
intelligence cannot be answered directly from
even the best accumulation of facts and data.
Sometimes this is because the facts are not
available and cannot be ascertained; more
often it is because the questions themselves
pose problems of judgment rather than of fact.
The answer must be in the form of an
estimate. National Intelligence Estimates rep-
resent the coordinated judgment of the prin-
cipal government intelligence agencies, includ-
ing CIA itself, upon intelligence problems of
national importance which transcend the coin-
petence of any one agency. It is the function
of the Board of National Estimates to prepare
these estimates and see to their coordination.
3 `-f0 S
1150 -1200 Question Period
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FOURTH DAY (Friday, May 7, 1954)
7XE IMPACT OF INTELLIGENCE
Time
Topic
0900
- 0905
HIGHLIGHTS OF PREVIOUS
DAY'S PROGRAM
0905
- 0935
INTELLIGENCE IN ACTION
of complex aid constant interrelationships
between numerous collectors, evaluators, ana-
lysts, estimat)rs, and dI seminators in many
agencies and In many different offices in each
agency. The activities cf all these agencies
and offices nosh together to produce varied
types and levels of intelligence - ranging from
minute details to broad national estimates -
to meet wide and varied needs. A fictitious
case study wi l give an example of the Intelli-
gence process In action f.nd demonstrate the
manner in which the intelligence facilities of
CIA and its sister ageneias seek to anticipate
the needs of tie planner and policy-maker and
to reduce tc a minimum the element of
surprise.
e the US tits product evolves from a series
watertight compartments. In the inteiligenc
rvices of a twentieth entury great powe
Intelligence s not produced in a series
0935
- 0945
Questior Period
0945
- 1005
INTELL GENCE AND POLICY
I&C therein. Integration of National Intelli-
gence into the me iia4ban formulating Na-
tional Policy. How bindhig should agreed in-
telligence be 3n the policy makers and their
staffs? How ;losely shou_d Intelligence be re-
lated to contemplated U.B. courses of action?
How can we test combine estimates of enemy
capabilities w th our own strengths and plans
in order to pre educe "net" ,:apability estimates?
1005-1015 Question Period
National Secu Kty Council organization - place
of Director o' Central Intelligence, CIA and
Speaker
Chief, 0 & B Division,
Robert Am
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FOURTH DAY - Continued
Time Topic Speaker
Col. Sheffield Edwards
1015 -1Q35 SECURITY
Each employee of the agency must consider
himself at all times a "security officer" of t'he
organization and as such must adopt an ever-
present and realistic security attitude toward
every task and responsibility. The strength of
all we do in every component of intelligence is
only as strong as our weakest security link.
1035 -1045 Question Period
1045 -1100 BREAK
1100 -1120 TRAINING
". . . better efficiency and morale in the ranks
of the public service will, in our view, depend
upon new efforts to improve training programs
for those entering into the field of National
Security affairs, so as to provide not only
greater technical competence and language
area knowledge, but also a broader under-
standing of the significance of their own
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"Jackson Committee" Report to President
Eisenhower.
1120-1130
Question Period
r
1130 -1150
YOU AND THE AGENCY -
H:- kpatrie
1150 -1200
Question Period i`'t? C. 1
Xb~ t7-
25X1A
1200
CONCLUDING REMARKS
AND ADJOURNMENT
Chief, Orientation and
Briefing Division, OTR
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The Honorable WALTER HENRY JUDD
Walter Henry Judd was born in Rising City, Nebraska, on September 25, 1898.
During World War I he enlisted in the Army as a private and was discharged
as a second lieutenant in the Field Artillery. Working to pay his tuition, Mr.
Judd earned his B.A. degree and Ph': Beta Kappa key at the University of
Nebraska in 1920. The same institution awarded him his M.D. degree in 1923.
Arriving in Nanking, China, in 1925, Dr. Judd realized his early ambition to
be a medical missionary under the Congregational Board of Foreign Missions.
He journeyed and remained in Fukien Province for five years (1926-31). After
forty-six serious malarial attacks he was finally forced to return to the United
States in 1931. Three years later he returned to head a hospital in Fenchow, in
a malaria-free area in Shansi Province. Under his jurisdiction this hospital
became a haven for thousands of Chinese fleeing before the advancing Japanese.
Even after the capture of Fenchow in February 192.8, Dr. Judd remained in the
Japanese-held city for almost six months administering to the needs of the
hospital. In the latter part of 1938 he returned to the United States to embark
on an extended and demanding lecture tour which carried him to 46 states.
He made more than fourteen hundred speeches on American foreign policy
and United States interests in the Pacific. In January 1941 Dr. Judd entered
private medical practice in Minneapolis, Minnesota, while continuing his efforts
to awaken Americans to the full implications of Japanese militarism.
In 1942 he was elected to his first term in the Seventy-eighth Congress to which
he has been returned in all subsequent elections. Since his election to the United
States Congress, Dr. Judd has been active in the drafting and introduction of
legislation to strengthen the United States' interests in the Far East. "Of all
Americans occupying elective office, the man who knows most about the Far East
is almost certainly Congressman Judd," wrote Time Magazine.
Congressman Judd is a key member of two important Congressional Committees,
viz., the House Foreign Affairs Committee and the Government Operations Com-
mittee. He is Chairman of the Far East and Pacific Subcommittee of the House
Foreign Affairs Committee and is a member of two important Subcommittees-
the International Operations Subcommittee and the Subcommittee on State
Department Organization and Personnel. Of signifi,3ant interest is the fact that
Congressman Judd was a member of the House Committee on Government Opera-
tions when it considered and passed the National Security Act of 1947 which
created the Central Intelligence Agency under the National Security Council.
He is a member of the American Medical Association, the Minnesota Medical
Association, Phi Beta Kappa, Alpha Omega Alpha and Phi Rho Sigma.
ALLEN W. DULLES
Allen W. Dulles was born in 1893 In Watertown, New York. He is a graduate of
Princeton (B.A., 1914; M.A. 1916) and of George Washington University (LL.B.,
1926). He holds an LL.D. from Brown University (1917) and from Temple Univer-
sity (1952). His career has included: teaching English at Allahabad, India (1915);
member of the American Commission to negotiate peace at the Paris Peace Con-
ference (1918-19) ; First Secretary of the American Embassy in Berlin (1919) ; Chief
of the State Department's Division of Near Eastern Affairs (1922-26) ; delegate to
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two Geneva Conferences, to the Airms Traffic Conference (1925), and to the Pre-
paratory Disarmamer t Conference (1926); partnership in the New York law firm of
Sullivan and Cromw dl; legal advisor to the American delegation at the Three
Power Naval Confere ice, and afterward advisor to the delegations at the Geneva
Disarmament Conference of 1932 and 1933. In 1942 Mr. Dulles served as the Chief
of the Office of Strategic Services In Switzerland and later headed the OSS mission
to Germany. In 1942 he was designated by the President as chairman of a three-
man group to survey the U.S. Intelligence system. He has written several books,
his best known being( Germany's Underground. In January of 1951 Mr. Dulles
joined the CIA as th+i Deputy Director (Plans). In August of the same year, he
was appointed Depot:' Director of Central Intelligence. Mr. Dulles became Direc-
tor of Central Intelligence 26 February 1953.
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ROt ERT AMORY, JR.
Robert Amory, Jr. wa; born In Boston in 1915 and was educated at Harvard Uni-
versity, graduating from the Harvard Law School in 1938. He practiced law in
New York City from 1;38 to 1940. He saw military service from 1941 to 1946, rising
from the rank of priiate to that of colonel in the Corps of Engineers of the U.S.
Army. He commande I the Engineer Boat Battalion and Boat and Shore Regiment
in New Britain, New Guinea, Luzon, and the Southern Philippine campaigns.
From 1946 until his current assignment, he was Professor of Law at Harvard Uni-
versity. Mr. Amory Entered CIA in March, 1952.
MA T"1 E BATED
Matthew Baird was b )m in 1001 In Ardmore, Pennsylvania. He received his B.A.
from Princeton in 1021. an MA. the following year from the same institution, and
in 1928 a B.Litt. from Oxford University (Balifol College). The next ten years
he spent as an ecucator, fIrst as Master of the Haverford School and
later as Headmaster o ` the Arizona Desert School. In 1938 he left the field of edu-
cation for the grazing lands of Arizona where he specialized In the raising of
Brahman cattle. He is still the owner-operator of the Ruby Star Ranch located
near Tucson, Arizona. During World War II he served for forty-four months,
mostly in the South Pacific. Mr. Baird's assignments Included: Commanding
Officer of the 13th Al; Depot Grotp and later, Commanding Officer of the 13th Air
Force Service Comma: id. He holca the Legion of Merit, the Air Force Commenda-
tion Medal and four I lattle Stars. He was separated from the Air Force with the
rank of Colonel in 1948 but was rvealleed to active duty in December of 1950 to All
a new post in CIA. T o and a half years later he resumed his civilian status
remaining In his posit on In this Agency.
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 STATOTHR
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STATOT
HR
CO IONEL SHEFFIELD EDWARDS (RET.)
Colonel Sheffield Edwards was born in California in 1902. In 1923 he was grad-
uated from the U.S. Military Academy, at which time he received a Bachelor of
Science Degree. During World War 11 Colonel Edwards served In England, France,
Germany, and Luxeir Bourg from 1942-45. He was awarded the Legion of Merit
and the Bronze Star Z (edal-for meritorious service as Chief of the Air Branch, G-3
Section, Headquarter, First United States Army Group and Twelfth Army Group
from 9 December 1941 to 31 July 1944. During this time he was responsible in a
STATOTHR large degree for planning the air support procedures that were successfully applied
in the battles of Fran se. He retired voluntarily from active military service after
thirty years service of November 1, 1953. In 1946 Colonel Edwards was assigned
to the Central Inteilig nce Group.
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STATOTHR
STATOTHR-
LYMAN K. IK:IRKPATRIC K
Lyman B. Kirkpatrick, Jr., was born in 1916 in Rochester, New York. He studied
languages briefly at the University of Geneva; graduated from Princeton Uni-
versity in 1938. Prior to World War II he was employed as Editor and Personnel
Manager for the U.S. News. During World War II he served in Europe as OSS De-
tachment Commander with the First Army and Twelfth U.S. Army Group and also
STATOTHR served as G-2 briefing officer to Generai Bradley during the European campaign.
After discharge in the rank of Major in 1945, Mr. Kirkpatrick resumed his job as
an editor of the U.S. News and World. Report. In 'ranuary 1947, he joined CIA.
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STATOTHR
COLONEL IJ,,WR.ENCE K. WHITE (RET.)
Lawrence H. White was born in 1912 in Union City, Tennessee. He received an ap-
pointment to the U.B. Military Academy (B.S. 1933), and upon graduation was
commissioned as a S(eond Lieutenant in the Infantry. After various assignments
in this country and n the Philippines, he returned to the United States in 1941.
Returning to the Pacific in 1942, lie saw action In the Fiji Islands, the New Hebri-
des, the Solomons and the Philippines. He was wounded in action In the Philip-
pines in April 1945 and was hospitalized until retirement in February 1947. His
decorations Include the Distinguished Service Cross, Silver Star, Legion of Merit
with one Oak Leaf Cluster, Bronze Star Medal with two Oak Leaf Clusters,
Purple Heart, Presid sntial Unit Citation, and Navy Commendation Ribbon. He
joined CIA In Februay 1947.
STATOTHR
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
(For those in the field of intelligence)
The following books range from the elementary to the advanced.
Intelligence personnel should select according to their background and
needs. The inclusion of any book in this list is not to be construed as
Agency endorsement of any or all of the material contained therein.
These books are available in the CIA Library or may be obtained
through the facilities of the CIA Library. Both title and author should
be used to expedite the withdrawal of any of these volumes.
INTELLIGENCE - METHODS AND TECHNIQUES
Author
Sub Rosa; the OSS and American Espionage (1946)
The Secret Services of Europe (1940)
Master Spy (English Edition: Chief of Intelligence)
(1951)
Secrets of the British Secret Service (1947)
Germany's Underground (1947)
Handbook for Spies (1949)
Iron Curtain (1948)
Soviet Spies (1947)
Strategic Intelligence (1949)
Germany's Military Intelligence (1954)
I Was An American Spy (1953)
The Traitors (1952)
Operation Cicero (1950)
Epics of Espionage (1950)
Soviet Atomic Spies (1952)
The German Secret Service (1924)
The Future of American Intelligence (1946)
The Atom Spies (1952)
Crime Without Punishment (1952)
Combat Intelligence (1936)
Smersh (1950)
The Meaning of Treason (1947)
The Soviet Spy System (1948)
Interlocking Subversion in Government Departments
(1953)
Secret Missions (1946)
ALSOP AND BRADEN
BOUCARD
COLVIN
COOKRIDGE
DULLES
FOOTE
GOUZENKO
HIRSCH
KENT
LEVERKUEHN
MASHBIR
MOOREHEAD
MoYZISCH
NEWMAN
NEWMAN
NICOLAI
PETTEE
PILAT
REINHARDT
SCH W IEN
SINEVERSKY
WEST
WHITE
U.S. CONGRESS. SENATE.
THEORY AND PRACTICE OF COMMUNISM
Author
European Communism (1953)
Struggle for the World (1947)
BORKENAU
BURNHAM
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Blueprint for World conquest (1946)
Witness (1952)
The Enemy Within: i.n Eyewftne.is Account of the
Communist Conque tt of China (1952)
Communism in West,rn Europe '1951)
Bolshevism (1952)
The Theory and Practice of Communism (1951)
The Communist Cons ofraey (1953)
Report of the Canadian Royal Commission (19461
A Study of Bolshevism (1953)
Marx Against the Pcr:sant (1951)
Sociology and Psychobgy of Communism (1953)
The Land of the Russian People (1953)
1984 (1949)
A Century of Conflict (1953)
A Communist Party in Action (1349)
The Rise of Modern C )mmunism x1952)
Chinese Communism Ind the Rise of Mao (1951)
Anatomy of Commun sm. (1952)
The Organizational Weapon; a Study of Bolshevik
Strategy and Tactic a (1952)
From Lenin to Malerkov (1953)
Communism and the Conscience of the West (1951)
Lenin (1948)
Strategy and Tactics of World Communism (1948)
Asia Aflame; Communism in the .oast (1953)
Techniques of Soviet imperialism (1954)
Total Empire (1951)
Total Power (1948)
Three Who Made a Revolution (1948)
Soviet Economic tiro nth (1953)
The Russians in Focts (1953)
Soviet Foreign Relations; Documents and Readings
(1952)
The Bolshevik Revoivtion, 1917-1923 (1950)
The Russian Revolut on (1935)
Forced Labor in the ,loviet Unior, (1947)
Soviet Russia's Forei in Policy (1942)
Soviet Russia and this Far East (t948)
The New Soviet Empire (195L
The Real Soviet Russia (1947)
CHAMBERLAIN
CHAMBERS
DE JAEGHER AND KUHN
EINAUDI
OURIAN
HUNT
KING-HALL
KING'S PRINTER
Larru
MITRANY
MONNEROT
NAZARO?F
ORWELL
POSSONY
Rossi
SALVADORI
SCH W ARTZ
Scorn
SELZNICK
8rroN-WATSON
SHEEN
SHUN
U.S. CONGRESS. HoUSZ.
VAN DER FLUGT
VASSILIEFF
WALSH
WALSH
WoLFE
AMERICAN FEDERATION
or LABOR
BALZAK, VASYUTIN
AND FEIGIN
BERGSON
BSRMAN
BISHOP
CARR
CHAMBERLIN
DALLIN
DALLIN
DALLIN
DALLIN
DALLIN
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The Rise of Russia in Asia (1949)
Russia: What Next? (1953)
Malenkov (1953)
How Russia is Ruled (1953)
Soviet Opposition to Stalin (1952)
Russia; a History and an Interpretation (1953)
Readings in Russian Foreign Policy (1953)
Soviet Imperialism (1953)
Russia, a History (1953)
I Chose Justice (1950)
A Study of Bolshevism (1953)
Our Secret Allies, the Peoples of Russia (1953)
Russia by the Back Door (1954)
Russia, Past and Present (1951)
Soviet Politics - The Dilemma of Power (1950)
The Dynamics of Soviet Society (1953)
My Three Years in Moscow (1950)
In the Workshop of the Revolution (1953)
Russian Assignment (1953)
Political Power in the USSR, 1917-1947 (1948)
A History of Russia (1951)
Soviet Economic Institutions (1952)
DALLIN
DEUTSCHER
EBON
FAINSOD
FISCHER
FLORINSKY
GOLD W IN
GURIAN
HARCAVE
KRAVCHENKO
LEITES
LYONS
MAKS
MAZOUR
MOORE
ROSTOW
SMITH
STEINBERG
STEVENS
TOWSTER
VERNADSKY
VUCINICH
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS AND CRITICAL AREAS
Author
The Ultimate Weapon (1953)
The Mind of East Asia (1952)
The Temper of Western Europe (1953)
Beyond Containment (1953)
War or Peace (1950)
The Struggle for Indochina (1954)
The United States and Spain (1951)
Asian Nationalism and the West (1953)
American Diplomacy 1900-1950 (1951)
Seven Fallen Pillars; the Middle East, 1945-1952
(1953)
The American Record in the Far East, 1945-1951
(1952)
How Foreign Policy is Made (1950)
The Great Powers and Eastern Europe (1953)
World Power in the Balance (1953)
The State of Asia (1953)
East European Revolution (1952)
International Relations (1950)
Southeast Asia in the Coming World (1953)
The United States and Turkey and Iran (1951)
Germany--Key to Peace (1953)
The Allies and the Russian Revolution (1954)
Fire in the Ashes (1953)
ANIsIMOv
ABEGG
BRINTON
CHAMBERLIN
DULLES
HAMMER
HAYES
HOLLAND
KENNAN
KIMCHE
LONDON
LUKACS
MENDE
ROSINGER
SETON-WATSON
STRAUZ-HUPE AND POSSONY
THAYER
THOMAS AND FRYE
WARBURG
WARTH
WHITE
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 THE CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
1954
AGENCY ORIENTATION COURSE
Number 3
conducted by
THE OFFICE OF TRAINING
in
The U. S. Department of Agriculture Auditorium
Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday
October 5, 6, 7, 8, 19154
(0900-1200 hours each day)
IMPORTANT
This booklet is classified "Confidential."
For protection please insert your initials
only and your telephone extension.
Extension : ...............................
If you bring this program to the Course, re-
member that you are personally responsible
for its safety.
fj (3
Z?_tr.....al-E
CONFID
Li " mar '
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Registration
Every Agency person attending must complete a registration card on
each morning of the Course. These cards, properly filled out, constitute
the official record of attendance at the Course. Attendants will collect
the cards at the exits of the Auditorium at the conclusion of each
morning's program.
Questions
Questions will be submitted i.n writing on cards provided for this
purpose. Since the printed program shows names of participants and
synopses of subjects, questions may be prepared and submitted at any
time addressed to any speaker. Accordingly, questions may be for-
warded to the Orientation arid Briefing Division, Office of Training,
Room 117 Central Building, even. before the Course begins, or they may
be given to the attendants in the auditorium on any one of the four
mornings.
When a question is used during the Course, the name of the person
submitting the question will not be made known. Questions which are
signed will receive priority of attention during the Course, and if time
does not permit the use of a signed question, we guarantee to give the
person an answer after the Course has finished.
Intelligence Bibliography
In this program is included. a bibliography for those in the field of
intelligence. This list is far from exhaustive and is to be considered
suggestive of the type of material which should be read to increase one's
knowledge of intelligence and related subjects.
Lost Articles
Any calls on lost articles should be made to extension 3601.
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INSTRUCTIONS FOR THOSE ATTENDING
THE CIA ORIENTATION COURSE
Transportation to a,,ui from ttse Auditorium
No arrangements can be made for those attending the Course to park
in the vicinity of the South Agr.culture Building. Capital Transit char-
tered busses, therefor e, will lease at 0830 hours each morning from:
The "loop" at the north end o.: "M" Building to transport those persons
whose offices are WE ted in North, Central, South, Administration, "M",
25X1 A "Q", and adjacent buildings.
Gate 11 in the rea; - of "K" Building to transport those persons whose
offices are located in "I", "J" "7C", and "L" buildings.
Recreation and Sc rvice Bui.L,3ing to transport those persons whose
offices are located in that general area.
25X1 A to transport those persons whose offices are located in
ar(
ea.
The busses will ms ke a return trip to these four points at noontime.
Security
This training Course, as a whole, is classified SECRET. You are cau-
tioned to guard vows conversation going to and from the Auditorium.
Since passes are not ; .hown upo:i entering the chartered Capital Transit
busses, anyone may )e riding with you and overhearing your remarks.
You are also cautioned not to drop any classified papers on the floor of
the Auditorium. Thine should ire taken back to your offices. Any notes
taken during the Course should be classified properly and protected with
appropriate care.
Promptness
The schedule for each day permits no leeway in time. Accordingly,
to maintain the pace commensurate with this demand, please plan to
be in your seats each morning at least five minutes before the scheduled
opening of the progrs m. Coffee and soft drinks are not available in the
vicinity of the Audit )rium. Because of this and the tightness of the
schedule, it is requested that a::l return to their seats prior to the end
of the break periods.
CONFIDENTIAL 1
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- Program -
*
TUESDAY -- OCTOBER 5
BACKGROUND
**
WEDNESDAY - OCTOBER 6
SUPPORT AND COORDINATION
THURSDAY- OCTOBER 7
THE PRODUCTION FUNCTION
****
FRIDAY -OCTOBER 8
THE IMPACT OF INTELLIGENCE
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FIRST DAY (Tuesday, October 5, 1954)
Time Topic Speaker
0900 - 0910 OPENIN 3 REMARKS BY Matthew Baird
THE DI_ VECTOR OF TRAINING
0910 - 0930 DDCI's MESSAGE The Deputy Director of
Central Intelligence
1000 -1010 Questloi. Period
1010 - 1015 COURSE ANNOUNCEMENTS
1015-1030 BREAK
The Hon. Robert Cutler
Special Assistant to the
President
for
National Security Affairs
Chief, Orientation and
Briefing Division, OTR
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Time Topic
1030-1100 SECURITY, EVERYONE'S
RESPO14SIBILITY
The very life of an intelligence organization
depends upon the effectiveness of its security
program. Inadequate or ineffective security
measures invariably spell tragedy through loss
of physical resources or even human lives. In
an agency of this size, the security mission
can not be isolated to a group of security
specialists, but must be shared by every em-
ployee in CIA. Regardless of position, each
person in CIA must view security, not as a
peripheral aspect of the job, but rather as an
element of unparalleled and constant im-
portance.
Speaker
25X1A
1100 -1115 Question Period Col. Sheffield Edwards
1115 -1145 INTELLIGENCE COMES OF AGE
Though World War II focused attention on
the need for intelligence to achieve victory,
emphasis was placed on operational or combat
intelligence. The United States came out of
World War II with the realization that a
national intelligence organization was needed,
but we possessed a very immature and im-
perfect understanding of the product known
as "national intelligence" or the system needed
to produce it. Within the past eight years we
have accelerated our efforts to give the nation
what it should have had before, namely,
a strong central intelligence system. Even
though much work remains to be done to
strengthen our present function and in the
realm of human events we will always need
such efforts, we have arrived today at the
point where the Central Intelligence Agency
is a mature, recognized and essential adjunct
of governmental organization with a task to
perform that demands the constant applica-
tion of trained and dedicated individuals.
1145 -1200 Question Period
25X1A
25X1A
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SECO? D DAY (Wednesday, October 6, 1954)
SUPPORT .AND COORDINATION
Topic
HIGHLIGHTS OF PREVIOUS
Speaker
Chief, 0 & B Division,
0905 - 0930 ADMINI; 3TRATIVE SUPPORT
The primary :unction of administrative sup-
port is to er sure that persons with either
operational (r intelligence production re-
sponsibilities ;;et whatever they need, when it
is needed, w were it is to be used. As a
corollary to tl ds, sound advanced administra-
tive planning must be provided for the con-
sumers of a iministrative support. Finally,
the administi ative officials must act for the
Director of Central Inteligence in executing
many of the special powers granted him by
the Congress and for which he is personally
accountable.
Col. Lawrence K. White
0930
- 0940
Questior. Period
0940
- 1005
IMPACT OF CURRENT
PERSOt NEL POLICIES
Harrison G. Reynolds
The integratii of of the Ca leer Service Program
into the Ofii,,e of Perscnnel took place on
1 July 1954. The principles of Career Service
are based on !ob security and job satisfaction,
and the misssl )n of the Office of Personnel will
be made mor + ineanin?;ful by these basic con-
cepts. The formal functions of personnel
management, will continue to be carried out
as heretofore with recruitment, assignment,
promotion, w lfare, and *11 matters connected
with allowar ces and av ards coming within
the purview -if the Office of Personnel.
1005-1015 Question Period
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Time Topic
1030 1100 CLANDESTINE SUPPORT
". . . it shall be the duty of the Agency, uncle
the direction of the National Security Council.-
"... to perform, for the benefit of the
existing intelligence agencies, such addi-
tional services of common concern as the
National Security Council determines can
be more efficiently accomplished centrally;
"to perform such other functions and
duties related to intelligen-.e affecting the
national security as the National Security
Council may from time to time direct."
-National Security Act of 194'
1100 -1110 Question Period
Information is the ore from which intelligence
reports and estimates are refined. The c,31-
lector is responsible for producing pertinent,
comprehensive and timely information in an-
swer to the expressed needs of the substant'.ve
consumers. He must exploit all available
sources of information and continuously study
them in order to assess their credibility.
While the pertinence and completeness of in-
formation is contingent on the professional
excellence of the collector, these requisites are
also dependent upon his rece;.ving the guid-
ance of the intelligence analysts. In order
that reported information can be readily
available it must be carefully indexed and
catalogued. CIA provides central facilities for
this purpose as well as for the maintenar.ce
of extensive reference materials in all fields.
25X1A
Speaker
25X1A
CONFIDENTIAL 7
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TIT I) DAY (Thursday., October 7, 1954)
[CIE PRODUCTION FUNCTION
Time
Topic
Speaker
0900
- 0905
HIGHLIGHTS OF PREVIOUS
DAY'S f ROGRAM
Chief, 0 & B Division,
OTR
0905
- 0930
CURREt T INTELLIGENCE
The production of current intelligence is a
natural and essential function of any intelli-
gence organiz ition which is near the locus of
plans, policier, and operations. This is true
both in a departmental and in a national
sense. To be valuable, current intelligence
must be tirr ely. Speed in its production,
therefore, is ssential, and a watch is main-
tained aroun( the clock. Accuracy, however,
cannot be sac -ificed to attain speed. The at-
mosphere in which current intelligence Is pro-
duced is, as i result, rather tense. Ideally,
current Intel igence provides a continuing
analysis and interpretation of significant
events in vari )us parts of the world to which
attention should be paid because of the actual
or potential influence on American policy.
When a gove nment is taken by surprise in
its relations c r operations. with foreign states
there has beon a failure in current intelli-
gence, either' n its production or in its appre-
ciation and u +e.
0930
- 0940
Question Period
0940
- 1020
ECONOMIC AND GEOGRAPHIC
INTELL GENCE
The Office of Research and Reports of CIA
produces econ smic and ge 3graphic intelligence
based on the inalysts of information from all
sources and focuses on Iroblems of national
intelligence significance and in support of
operational i lanning. This Office, through
the Economic Intelligenec Committee, coordi-
nates econom kc research relating to national
security on oreign arees and also assures
coordination of the NatIonai Intelligence Sur-
veys Progran. in the broad field of basic
intelligence. Economic intelligence produc-
tion in CIA i s confined largely to the study
of developmeits within the Soviet Bloc and to
intelligence s upport for the U.B. economic
defense progr tin.
25X1A
25X1A
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THIRD DAY - Continued
Time Topic
1020 -1035 BREAK
1035 -1105 SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE
Scientific intelligence encompasses foreign re-
search and development from the point of
pure research to that of production. Its role
is to assess the effect of science and technology
upon the military, economic, and political ca-
pabilities and vulnerabilities o other nations.
A crucial aspect of this role is the prediction
of the development of new weapons, equip-
ment, and techniques. In addition, scientific
activities may provide indications of intentions
for hostilities. Adequate scientific intelligence
will have a profound impact upon our strategy,
policies, and research and development pro-
grams. Primary production responsibility for
major subjects is allocated between CIA and
the military services. At the game time, GSI
is responsible for providing the DCI and other
offices of the Agency with support in the en-
tire scientific intelligence field.
1105 -1115 Question Period
1115 - 1150 NATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
The intelligence mission is to collect, analyze,
and assess information so as to reach concau-
sions about the importance, capabilities, moti-
vations, and probable actions of foreigners.
Within this field the estimator's function is
to identify the critical issues that will shape
the course of events and to indicate the lik.-ly
direction and outline of that course. To pro-
duce judgments on these matters that will be
fully considered from many points of view,
national intelligence is produced on the basis
of participation by all the intelligence agen-
cies of government, including the full re-
sources of CIA Itself.
1150 -1200 Question Period
Speaker
25X1A
25X1A
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FO[ RTII DAY (Friday, October 8, 1954)
'I HE IMPA+'"1` OF INTELLIGENCE
Time Topic Speaker
0900 - 0905 HIGHLI 37HTS OF PREVIOUS Chief, 0 & B Division,
DAY'S PROGRAM OTR
0905 - 0930 INTELL YGENCE 11 ACTION
Intelligence :s not prod iced In a series of
watertight co npartments In the Intelligence
services of a twentieth century great power
like the U.B. t his product evolves from a series
of complex snd constant interrelationships
between nun )roux collectors, evaluators, ana-
lysts, estimat rrs, and disseminators in many
agencies and in many dif'erent offices in each
agency. The activities of all these agencies
and offices IT esh together to produce varied
types and levc is of Intelligence - ranging from
minute details to broad national estimates -
to meet wide and varied needs. A fictitious
case study wi I give an example of the intelli-
gence process in action End demonstrate the
manner in which the Intelligence facilities of
CIA and its s sster agencies seek to anticipate
the needs of tie planner and policy-maker and
to reduce tc a minima m the element of
surprise.
0930 - 0940 Questior Period
0940 - 1010 INTELL :GENCE AND POLICY Robert Amory,
National Becu ?ity Council organization - place
of Director o' Central Intelligence, CIA and
IAC therein. Integration of National Intelli-
gence into the mechani;an formulating Na-
tional Policy. How binding should agreed in-
telligence be on the policy makers and their
staffs? How losely should intelligence be re-
lated to contt molated U.3. courses of action?
How can we lest combine estimates of enemy
capabilities w.th our own strengths and plans
in order to pr )duce "net" ,apability estimates?
'010 - 1020 Questior Period
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Time Topic
1020 -1030 BREAK
1030 -1100 TRAINING
.. better efficiency and, morale in the ranks
of the public service will, in our view, depend
upon new efforts to improve training programs
for those entering into the field of National
Security affairs, so as to provide not only
greater technical competence and language
area knowledge, but also a broader under-
standing of the significance of their own
assignment."
"Jackson Committee" Report to President
Eisenhower.
1100 -1110 Question Period
Speaker
1110 -1130 CIA IN BROAD PERSPECTIVE Lyman B. Kirkpatrick
The Inspector General looks at the Agency in
its broadest perspective. Not only are the
contributions of individual omponents ex-
amined, but the relationship to the intelli-
gence community is weighed. This office acts
as a check and a balance. I t also serves as
an appeal point for personnel grievances.
1130-1140 Question Period
1140 -1200 DCI's MESSAGE The Director of
Central Intelligence
1200 CONCLUDING REMARKS Chief, Orientation and
AND ADJOURNMENT Briefing Division, OTR
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The Honorable ROBERT CUTLER
Gen. Robert Cutler was born in Brookline, Massachusetts on June 12, 1895. He
received his A.B. cum laude from Harvard University in 1916 and his L.L.B. cum
laude from the same institution in 1922. He received honorary doctorate degrees
from Trinity College, 1943; Norwich, U48; Northeastern University, 1949; Colby,
1951; and Boston University, 1952. Gen. Cutler began his work as English instruc-
tor at Harvard in 1916 where he became editor of the Harvard Law Review and
chairman of the Board of Advisors, Harvard Law School in 1919. In 1922 he was
admitted to the Massachusetts bar and practiced law in Boston from 1922 to 1942.
From 1940 to 1942 he was corporation counsel, City of Boston. He has served as
board member and director of many industrial and financial organizations.
He served as Second and First Lieutenant, Infantry, in the American Expedi-
tionary Forces, U.S. Army, 1917-1919. In 1918 he was in the AEF in France and
spent the next year with the Third Army Military :Police in Germany.
Gen. Cutler was commissioned a Colonel in the U.S. Army in 1942, when he was
made Assistant Deputy Director, Army Specialist Corps. His next military assign-
ment was Chief, Procurement Division, Officer Procurement Service, where he
remained until 1943 when he was assigned to the General Staff Corps, Office of
the Secretary of War. In 1945 he was made Brigadier General while coordinator
for Soldier Voting for the Army and Executive Officer of the U.S. War Ballot
Commission. Gen. Cutler was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal and Legion
of Merit. Among his many positions as an outstanding citizen, Gen. Cutler was
general chairman, Greater Boston 1937 Community Fund Campaign. From 1940
to 1942 he was Chairman of the Advisory Board of the Public Welfare Department
of Massachusetts. Since 1947 he has been president of the Peter Bent Brigham
Hospital and has been overseer of Harvard University since 1949.
In 1952 he was appointed Administrative Assistant to the President of the
United States and at present is the Special Assistant to the President for National
Security Affairs.
ALLEN IT. DULLES
Allen W. Dulles was born in 1893 in Watertown, New York. He is a graduate of
Princeton (B.A., 1914; M.A. 1916) and of George Washington University (LL.B.,
1926). He holds an LL.D. from Brown University (1947) and from Temple Univer-
sity (1952). His career has included: teaching English at Allahabad, India (1915);
member of the American Commission to negotiate peace at the Paris Peace Con-
ference (1918-19) ; First Secretary of the American Embassy in Berlin (1919) ; Chief
of the State Department's Division of Near Eastern Affairs (1922-26) ; delegate to
two Geneva Conferences, to the Arms Traffic Conference (1925), and to the Pre-
paratory Disarmament Conference (1926); partnership in the New York law firm of
Sullivan and Cromwell; legal advisor to the American delegation at the Three
Power Naval Conference, and afterward advisor to the delegations at the Geneva
Disarmament Conference of 1932 and 1933. In 1942 Mr. Dulles served as the Chief
of the Office of Strategic Services in Switzerland and later headed the OSS mission
to Germany. In 1948 he was designated by the President as chairman of a three-
man group to survey the U.S. Intelligence system. He has written several books,
his best known being Germany's Underground. In January of 1951 Mr. Dulles
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joined the CIA as th ; Deputy DI -ector (Plans). In August of the same year, he
was appointed Deput r Director o? Central Intelligence. Mr. Dulles became Direc-
tor of Central Intellb'ence 26 February 1953,
LIEUTENANT GENERAL CHARLES PEARRE CABELL, USAF
Charles Pearre Cabel was born in Dallas. Texas, October 11, 1903. He was grad-
uated from the U.S. Military Academy June 12. 1925, and commissioned a second
lieutenant of Field 1 rtillery. For five years following his graduation from the
Academy, General Ca sell served with the 12th Field Artillery at Fort Sam Houston,
Texas. He then was assigned to the Air Corps Primary Flying School at Brooks
Field, Texas, from w rich he was graduated In February, 1931, when he went to
Kelly Field, Texas. 3e completed the observation course at the Air Corps Ad-
vanced Flying School in June, 193, and remained at Kelly Field as a flying instruc-
tor. He was transfer'nd to the A r Corps July 11, 1931. General Cabell joined the
Seventh Observation Squadron at France Field, Panama Canal Zone, as adjutant
in October, 1931. 11i subsequently served as commanding officer of the 44th
Observation Squadroi , the 24th Pursuit Squadron, and the 74th Pursuit Squadron,
successively, at Aibro tk Field, C.i;. In September, 1934, General Cabell became a
flying instructor at tt e Air Corns Primary Flying School at Randolph Field, Texas.
He later served as P(st Adjutant, and in September, 1938, -entered the Air Corps
Tactical School at iv nxwell Field, Alabama, from which he graduated in June
1939. In August, 1931. he was detailed to the Command and General Staff School
at Fort Leavenworth Kansas, fr3m which he was graduated in February, 1940.
The following June he went to Wright Field, Ohio, where he was assigned to the
Photographic Laboratory In the Experimental Engineering Division. After a
period as an observer with the R.A.F. in the United Kingdom, he was transferred
to Washington, D. C , in April, 1941, for duty in the Office of the Chief of Air
Corps as Chief of ti e Photo Ur-It. In February, 1942, he was made Assistant
Executive for Technical Planning and Coordination. The following month he
became Chief of the Advisory Council to the Commanding General of the Army
Air Forces. From Ju to to October, 1943, he attended the first course at the Army
and Navy Staff Colic', 4c. General Cabell was assigned to the Eighth Air Force in
the European Theate - in October, 1943, and on December 1. 1943, assumed com-
mand of the 45th Combat Bombardment Wing. In April, 1944, he became Direc-
tor of Plans for the J.S. Strategic Air Force in Europe, and three months later
was made Director 43' Operations and Intelligence for the Mediterranean Allied
Air Forces with headquarters at Caserta, Italy. In May, 1945, General Cabell was
assigned to Air Force Headquarters, where he became Chief of the Strategy and
Policy Division in th i Office of the Assistant Chief of Air Staff for Plans. In
December, 1945, he % as assigned to the Military Staff Committee of the United
Nations, and after at ending the London Conference, remained on duty with the
United Nations in Ne' r York, as Deputy and later as U.S. Air Force Representative
on the Military Staff ',onunittee. General Cabell was assigned to Air Force Head-
quarters in August, 1917, as Specie1 Assistant to the Assistant Chief of Air Staff for
Plans, and the follo,.Ring two months served as Acting Deputy to the Director
(Designate) of the Joint Staff. In November, 1947, he became Chief of the Air
Intelligence Requiren.tints Division in the Office of the Director of Intelligence.
On May 15, 1948, he was appointed Director of Intelligence of the U.S. Air Force.
On November 1, 1951, General Cabell was named Director of the Joint Staff in the
Office of the Joint Cl iefs of Stafi-. General Cabell has been awarded the Distin-
guished Service Med