OSS - GENERAL DE GAULLE AND THE FREE FRENCH MOVEMENT/REL;ATIONS BETWEEN FRENCH LABOR, THE UNDERGROUND RESISTANCE, AND DE GAULLE, 1942

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: OSS Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 119
• Document Creation Date: November 3, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 26, 2013
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: December 1, 1942
• Content Type: MISC

Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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since that time, instead of allowing the French to have
much of . say it the rule of Syria, it has been just
the reverlie, The undirstandinz was that the French
.;muld govern tho country but at the moment of actual
warfare completo control would come under the command
or the British 9th Army. However, the 8pears'itission
arld other complications caused a rather serious crisis
two- or thret months ago when De0aulle refused to leave
Syria until certain mutters were adjusted.
The Free French knew nothing about the occupation
of Madagascar and it wus purely a British operation and
t surprise 4nd disappointment to the Free French that
they were not even consulted.-
,
Th* gritish treat040t of the Yr.* *rellch, in thi,__
Middle, Fast ftrid S ria has bilet*ilythi4 but cooduoiva i:
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to 0 ilding of con/14404' L lIunderstanding.
the
brInj lck upon the rse i-,a bunch of plow .
,bicry# out for a good time wit* zt.ing o# theta* minds but
tho diteulsion of Yrstepoljt,s1, -lhopy have not been-- '
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To a large number of men unoccupied for
.7041out two years with no equipment is naturally difficult
on the morale of such troops. That is not particularly
the rzhult of the Free French. It is more a reflection
upon the BritiNh that they do not take advantage of
the willpower available, for the same is true of the v -
Griteks, Yugoslays and Poles. For it given an opportunity ,
ths Free French will do a magnificent job, iis they have
done on the few otesolons where they have had an oppor-
,
trInity. Afl they want is a chance to prove their worth, ,
Tho
uty are
Thoy are
French In the Middle East are of that t3h)46.
honest and sincere in anxious to do something
free to admit that nporhaps in London there
,
ere a few u=crupulous 4cw members of tho cabinet who
-jiAL play politicA to further their own ends," bUt all that
It just ?as distasteful to Doglaulle as it is to thh
honest
mar be
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olowtosr
e
and sincere Free French in the Middle East? There
4 few b,Ad ones at the top, but it it unfair to
rest who ere augnifieent soldiers anttiatit,,
?
chart** to be properly or ni-
is lied by PeoPli
_
.Americamit whom they cen trust. _ _ _
All et 'which Load up to the uri)forunetst
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051o* app*rikly' esists,in North Africa, /ha. r
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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that part of the North African show, so I understand,
was largely British. The other strategic spot that the
British are most anxious to get control of is Tunisia
and this operation, I have read, is nine-tenths British
and one-tenth American. The great American undertaking
in Worth Africa has been parcelled out so that the
British take what they want and we act as the flcover.n
This usually means, as in Syria and past history, that..
once the British get in a certain place it is very
difficult if not impossible, to ever get them out.
#
Naturally all this is most disturbing to DeGaulle
whose, aiLn is to ho4 the French _Empire together. It all
looks like the ***empire politics gime*. We recognize
Derlan and try'to Adetrack and discredit DeGaUlle, and
U. Issue becomes so involved and complicated that sooner
or later the. British will say that since there Is no real:
head of Frances the _French Empire no longer existi:4They:,
art thw only one.* wbo understand the whole situatldrWsOT
they lhould step In and take control. They would like to.
54, Itt even or, eanfuelng than Yugoslavia.'
But this l'Isiehftosit the British and understemtthe**-
maall wonder _
ftr
fOr hutulitsds of rtorsp 494 It is -
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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that part of the North African show, so I understand,
was largely British. The other strategic spot that the
British are most anxious to get control of is Tunisia
and this operation, I have read, is nine-tenths British
and one-tenth American. The great American undertaking
in Worth Africa has been parcelled out so that the
British take what they want and we act as the flcover.n
This usually means, as in Syria and past history, that..
once the British get in a certain place it is very
difficult if not impossible, to ever get them out.
#
Naturally all this is most disturbing to DeGaulle
whose, aiLn is to ho4 the French _Empire together. It all
looks like the ***empire politics gime*. We recognize
Derlan and try'to Adetrack and discredit DeGaUlle, and
U. Issue becomes so involved and complicated that sooner
or later the. British will say that since there Is no real:
head of Frances the _French Empire no longer existi:4They:,
art thw only one.* wbo understand the whole situatldrWsOT
they lhould step In and take control. They would like to.
54, Itt even or, eanfuelng than Yugoslavia.'
But this l'Isiehftosit the British and understemtthe**-
maall wonder _
ftr
fOr hutulitsds of rtorsp 494 It is -
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obtain fLtrthor details of his visit to LondoL. Leger knows
wr.re to reach him.
Ou inforaation from Switzerland is to the effect
that no et ion of the French Trade Uuion movement, of any
trzpartnnc,e, Is upporting Gi!noral de 9au11e's political
ealbitions. On the contrary, the Freneh Trade Union move"
eat, throu0 the underg7und, is issuing warnings *orre-nch_:
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labor Abmid to retain Its complete independence of -the
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obtain fLtrthor details of his visit to LondoL. Leger knows
wr.re to reach him.
Ou inforaation from Switzerland is to the effect
that no et ion of the French Trade Uuion movement, of any
trzpartnnc,e, Is upporting Gi!noral de 9au11e's political
ealbitions. On the contrary, the Freneh Trade Union move"
eat, throu0 the underg7und, is issuing warnings *orre-nch_:
_
labor Abmid to retain Its complete independence of -the
le 74,u1le political committee* I believe you will -find,
=%:irmatica of this in the material which just reached
4gr# York fro n Switzerland copies of which will reach us
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1 ,:f2cceilf.17-It 7it.-- work tind the informntion contained there-
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it t 1,- is ilit re,servntis)n co ce/'nine; the lrist
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0.1'-*,,14,:retAtP
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7:-.)um sincerely,
(f" .'-r.rtod) IL. I fin:I:peva.
tf-
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
5.4
414
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
L.,.
irctAara.-1,
C
44,4 Prit
f 1/4 411.10:61: ? C
-11.71?
t(?.?.e,
k,
63') Pilth Avenue
New York City
-r? ? e't
?7 (
19/2
.;?;
wail i7r,)tit interest your report on De
!Ind the French jnoorroond, It is
1 ,:f2cceilf.17-It 7it.-- work tind the informntion contained there-
1,:I- '413 li,eert z4ifted a 3 r air: in 6 :)ocition to judr,s, very care-
7
.;rrvith, 17iost of.' it, atthout;11 I would have per-
trrrihsonewlint
01/
P.1.
L r411,4, ef
:ierertrie.t
'
..;te'lli-4f;ro's' 1
't rf",' A. Free ,g enc.4 MbNremen.t that r have
??
" rri t i me.
odo I saw thnt tilt4 opoosit o
-04, only iroli LEtboi.ir. ot such 'widely
7-risC.IWON, COMii:11, rind LABARTIEN,.
tc) do with 1 uJ. Le, because they
t- t i$ pc I ttie1Tat it 1,-Yrts arid are very sus -
td.e rovri7.1 ')1.147.1i 12011 etc.
it t 1,- is ilit re,servntis)n co ce/'nine; the lrist
,r% ) I wrIlf_7: tc rei,t-.1-1:.rite ?,!:,y sincere apprecinticd on
if yo.i 1i ? crTrivey it to Your stfiff
i?Y;,1 ,1* hnrrt, aece I)oliticiftl hfriting
--pe;
- ? A E r ?
91t' V1
0.1'-*,,14,:retAtP
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'
7:-.)um sincerely,
(f" .'-r.rtod) IL. I fin:I:peva.
tf-
:
?
.
'41 -
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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1 ;
Relations between French labor, the underground movemonto and
de Goalie form a complex story, still somewhat obscure and
controversial. The main facts appear to be so follows:
to the autumn of 1941 General de Gaulle seemed contt411
f4 *saline hAs interest to military affairs. 3ince the found....,
Ins or the tgational Committee in September 1941, however, and
inereatingly daring the past mouts,* (the G*noral has been ,
maim. to, give a politIcal oharmoter to hit movement4 This?
abaso may be attributed .1.ii tsar; to growing political kmbitio,n04
and in part to A realisation that military activities ti's of
Itmited value unless he ean coordinate avd load the FrOnch .
andarcrowld aorwsent and the internal sismcnt# atres4tance'.
An Indication of the growing political Ondonor ot the -
- ft, Itte movemen4 is that its first represintativi in this
caua ry 'veto ihreques de SisIsol a former porta*. broker; Its
Iateet renrstentistive. 10 Orlon ?War, totisii1,4 one, of the
, ,
noct able an4, clercf***1.10410 or' 00 1:40 04: '1_4?0*4r
? , , ;
,,
?Moe At 0,t4Y*0 ,-_?. 1
Ttop-lailler .$ats 41404 Irt-WtollA imgear 'ot4040 14:it
,i ,
..,;
,,,,-,. 4 . . I . , .1 ?
M4404e0 of ihe IAA. asedi ,Aklife*toOls- joiroWthe410,v:
, ,
nose*. liokr17 a 04 ha
,..,....?_)'4.??r . ',?!. 4.. . - -- - I- 4 ...?!, . t
....*:2':,::1,:,
1111.-,;
tv4 al-n*4k iittlol, ',..iotadoieeo_ of INel
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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2
While nxier wls in London, three alleged labor leaders claim-
to epeak for all French labor and for the underground move
-
latent "Liberation" came secretly across the channel. Tixier
lateretated that they had pledged their allegiance to de Gaulle
in return for his conceding a minimum democratic program.
? ? ?
The personality of Tirter, the nature of the three alleged
labor leaders, and finally the character of the underground
'Liberation* movement, have all been questioned by the represen-
'1,ative* of French labor in this country a group led by Pro-
fossor Paul Vignaux and Jean Botton.
Though Tixierls opinions are known tc have been defi-
nitely of the left, and though his record at Geneva is well
speketi of, he appears to be a man of nervous sensitivity so
extreme as to affect his judgment, as well as of ruthlees am-
bi it)n. R e recent attachment to de Gaulle may therefore be
AOttrAtd tlig much by a desire for personal power as by a clear
d*ctston that the interest* of Frennh labor will best be served
by arin in It into closer relation to the Free French. I% is
idered noteworthy that his complete aocord with de Gaulle
as establiiihoM at tilso when the Generalti entourage was ,
&Eng subpooted to oritielso because of its rightist tondin
41,A, syid lenen lobe OlonelrellhAiOeif vas reeorting to methods
trte iassingly
dteI.torl.34 A reolimg of distrust toward ?ix
hos, been fos *rod by the faetAlost in private Conversion
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
3
takee a far more critical attitude toward de Gaulle than in
hie Nbl
atatoments; that after intriguing in London against
Ctlenne Doegner ("ormerly provisional head of the Free French
13 the Unite4 States) he noses as his defender here; and that
questioning he has retreated from his olaim that the
London emissaries were in a poeition to spaak for the substan-
tial majority of Franoh labor *temente, That olnimp it is '
*sorted may have been the result of gullibility an much an
ott decor ion: for do Oaulle, anxious to get political recogni-
n fro* America, may !IRV. ocnvinoed bto representative of a
wInsur4 of (Aupport Won did not in fast exist,
lignaux and Grand rscoivsd information that the labor
4* *lotion of three which reache4 London to April, was coo-
frovot or two Fronon military intelligenne offitterio posing as
Iat4r Isadore, **coo-ponied by one Christian PlOaUd, described
40 an adventurer. In the Franch labor movement without any
CAthol111. trn4e anion backing and no connections with the C,G,T,
this oharactertxation as sine* been modified, and now Pinaud
d 40.1111 tat) repriteent the ?Ltberstion? wow% alone, rather
Cun :abr.
'Me *otos/Art*0 gotto04 the imPPort of Komi &WA,
tor f Labor for tits ?roe trim I4Oran to
pledged * pow$40 So
q*04 glAnzt. A)vit-Y4t ho Ateasfttlei The rt
C144 t404% ftni orig, rreir$04,
04f )t1Litt4
moo
11106-;
wtolLiserilt, 0.14V11110#0
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
4
9A100171 the form44 of *Liberations which wakes de Gaulle the
sr*prosenWitire or Trenen labor, A most importAnt element,
the oAtiors a the morshant marine, also protested violently.
Loaders; f froochlsbor now in this country are franitly
t4c*1 comolorntA4 Us whole affair,
Ovvolab*r 1941 the underfround journal jatiataz
printodthe tost at en arm)eel timed by militants of the 0,G.T,t
tn de 0441,10 w44 del*lared litho hope of those who cannot
thint *f NAtion41 Revolution apart from the liberty ot-ment
4400/erAtic tnatitutiana and the inillepondence of the retherland.1
/*to was 'CO f1rst %Ise ouch a publication had seemed to iden-
tlry Isopor and 440 G#0,1o, tbxfl expreemly statetir h01,0
coati thilt.tt t4 ACit A lAbOr ?Mint sit clopeo its eyes to
me P1144 gis4 TA the loft's.' A004 0uch labor elements Al 40
LtigAr- it neither the sociallot .041t7. nor the Catholic, wolOori
**dot to half' 4 pleee; end only the yogniger allitanil of the
C.0 I.*. Eivt to ti trodition4 t040001400 Of the
mavemesitt COA b* whit* to Wei *41600044$04 d*
11041110 .ropreeentetime,
Thot t*tther tho ehAraeter
tor of tho *kcibitotAtiWt
L".
erlixler, of
fe(Oitement
ft
co go-
o
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
;3
r th Doint of TIAN of militnry aid. to thee underground move-
atilt a* ' - le repreaented by de Gaullt,1 two factor merit con--
1u ,-rostion.
1.,
$tith a??.lail will tend to guitar de Gaulle a powerful
t4r Oen rrt)/ Ling that triterna,1 devolopeent or Franco. Plans.
tArt 5a1,41 c:o :mvho bean [055de for distributing old by parachute
._'.) elprtain riteleting Lort.lupa and it Is suggested that de Gaulle
port those wch fallknottledgeli ids leaderehip. Thee,
.,,
..:
&re given eubstance by the political tentlatol.es of ,
%.-ill ?46,,a-weiserit *ad b7 the feet Owl In a .'ant oontlio* as to
I-t
','F,'ithl51414 coiitrol oontacitio wirrn the onolerground organizations,
thi,t j1z4..L.-. , la Au kiltuc_ : tagalong? hesdet, by a forso:!ir aegoulard,
POn '-:tiot' Glristr the isla lazza? #iiillid by Henry Hauck.
,
Okmorirort point mit that stlitary aid elven to oLlbera-
41. "
.41L.n-* lut.11 bit la th.}-iuls, of men whor Puive shown, themselves - --
trot pruttenno.which im.,!!-:. uneleremuntl ziptivity re-
T4* a4V.mtnt 1# oold to bs oharmotorialk 'rather- by-a
.'?:-j:,
3.4',4!,4 44-sdi vtrilt of iltsurrsotion than by 0 titrn feoreoy and
44sfotit-ttuft, 0-4rits mh 9 itbserwe'rro* ?ranee one of its direo-.
-1
icort 411in 34rnordi nmo tntrustsd MO 11#4#rlibip to a yoLing
,c..-
-
,:,--
, ,....
-04*-4754411sz, * awkA ulthOut balano, Of.
...,4
A . UP e l'Un 0 0. V ' . - :, p :: .: ' I ..?
07144#!"L* knaw4 to have ImparilielLOripiia Important' _T'',.
:, ttlia trtitxp kr .stayAng; ?at their- hOuses ,-vernignt In
4.-tAv
*4-4 1114, -X
1-1167) ti**,ciii
act
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-
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'thy intent that the organi,VAtiCrIl
tah *to 14%11 known, ta
lit-vory out r44 tiPts sox
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/09/26: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100360008-7
c.7 i
a:. 1
u
1
1
0
1
?sq. +.0.1101.014,
41-42
C pie
at 141-1.1 yr-
\ the un rr,r o land mov enen , nTld
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1,1 aomewhat Woticure 1111.(1
$
?
;- t.h izt!.r7u),,
tS anneal' to be as follows:
1!:41 (',#.-irn1 do aaale seemoj content
,-onft;,q, 14.2; int5ire3t to
,airs4 !',;itice the foluul-
;n enbt-71 I ",11 , itowaver, and.
roriths, Lan been.
1. 11
1? 1'41 ft tit I (3. 1_71 I nr-rtote-iit 1.??1 1; I CT' 0 If 111 e n 4 TI-1
'Ar
.14
be att.T.
rilRfit to growinc ant:it:ions,
1? ;1
r 14.tion that mill tar,- activities are of
, 71.013e 14;1e711 rPn floordinato an4 Tpad the French
rti
catorna1 e1ammt8 of rcalstanoe.
aftt
To of I tlf; tei (-.)n(10-:noy of the
rirnt roprostiritative in thi
- Mgt, 17. f;
? '
? r;)Illifir p?.111.1:00 brOker; itS
f
Ii J I -
Tixiete, oPmerly onn of the
f the IatrnatIonal Labor -
,
Flu ,
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tu7
Ia'ti;',??1' ;I;
,v171p4t, eil
ogttfit;,nn
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of 1040 w th -
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AVW10114a '0 LoAdad - _
ra-cp orrt
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t.
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o1'o33
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/Inc t-1 to 10 RI 1 1, et
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ate 131-$ .
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naLuliT, () t tho Ii1re allmod
f71101, the ahara.ator of the Indor7round
}.4V0 6.11 1.)om glaentioned hy the r