OSS CORRESPONDENCE REGARDING PERSONNEL ACTIONS/DISPOSITION OF GERMAN TROOPS IN FRANCE AND ITALY/OSS ASSESSMENTS ON THE FUTURE OF CHINA

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: OSS Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300004-7
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 154
• Document Creation Date: November 3, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 31, 2013
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: January 23, 1943
• Content Type: MISC

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COPY FOR COL. DONOVAN'S FILES
Mr. Frederic Dolbeare
Hugh R. Mason
"Paulv'
Jan, 23, �L943
Replying to your memorandum of January 19, I quote
herewith a memorandum left on my desk by David King:
"I spoke to B. about our friend D. last night.
Apparently everything is arrangrd. D. will proceed
to North Africa on or about the 15th of February
and report to Girauds I asked 13. to arrange It so
that D. could also keep in contact with Bill bAdy
as I have a shrewd suspicion he may be useful to
us over there. B. said he would so arrange its:1
Regarding money we should meet his necessities
generously. Try and work this out in a way satisfactory
to him.
In regard to his code you might ask him whether he
wants to risk taking this with him or whether he would
like us to transmit it to Eddy.
Please instruct him when he prenents himself to
Eddy to say that he is "Paul".
If he departs before we have time to t;et a letter
to iddy we must send a cable stating that faul has been
working for us and that a full account of his activities
will follow by mail.
When this
Paul send me a
draft- ritirrt
\ok LN,44(
�ZA\�): um Jan
in ardor
e,
URW:00
has all been morked out between you and
notice of your arranoments and I will
to Eddy for the Colonel's siGnature.
id to
t he
send our copy of the material to
can be certain that ho is playing
" 'Y1 lit IF
rtr cmr
Hueh R. ilson
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OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES
WASHINGTON. D. C.
January 6, 1943
MEMORANDUM F04 COLONEL DONOVAN:
The French General Staff in peace times contains
a section known as the Second Bureau, which is the
information section. A subdivision of that section is
known as the "Research Section," The "Research Section"
carries out all clandestine activities, in other words,
operates a secret service.
At the outbreak of war the "Research Section"
becomes the Fifth Bureau and is commanded by a Staff
Officer. It operates in war time completely separated
from the Second Bureau, the latter continuing its
functions of collection of information through attaches
and other legitimate means.
With the collapse of France in 1940 the personnel
of the Fifth Bweau severed itself from the Army and
set up a secret service of its own under the former com-
mander of the Fifth Bureau. This commander has expressed
the sentiment that as far as he and his men are concerned
the war is not over and will not be over until the last
German has left French territory.
01-64
There e in Washington a representative of this
SECRET
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bidden Fifth Bureau. He is a Fronoh professional
Army officer, a mein of character and integrity, who
will obey implicitly the orders of his former and
present oommander.
This representative was established in Washington
and, under direct inetruetiona from his chief in Frame,
established connection with the American Army, speeifi-
cally G-2, From time to time this representative fur-
nished information to Colonel Donovan's representative,
which was in turn paesed on to G-2 and officers of the
latter establiehment have often expressed their appre-
ciation of the information furnished. I append herewith
a copy of a report as an example of the type of material
furniuhod.
On the breach of reintione with Vichy the military
personnel of the French Embansy waa interned at Hershey
and the Frenchman in question accompanied his eolleagues
in this internment. It had been the intention of the
OSS eventually to bring about the release of the French-
man, to endeavor to reestablish his contact with France,
and to utilize his services either in the United Stutaa
or in North Africa to maintain this contact. Paren-
thetically, lb is believed that if this contact could be
reeetablished it would be much more unique and valuable
now than it was before the ocoupstion of the whole) of
France.
1ZI:
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How:ever, It wag disoovered at the State Department
that Ube President had interestedhlimmelt in the matter
and had ordered adversely in the ORO@ of the Frenehman
in question.
Atter talking with Colonel Donovanp Mr. Hugh Wilson
then oaIled on Admiral Leahy to explain the situation.
Admiral Leahy rogigested to know more speoifloally wheWer
gn order had been issued from the White House And in what
form. M. Wlon investigated again in the 3tote Depart-
ment And WIAA informed thgt g letter had boon written by
the Vresident to Mr. Oumnor WeLloo instruoting bhat this
Frenahmen should be returned to Viohy and Admiral LAghy
WW1 do informed,
4ubdoquently, Aamtria Leahy inrormed Mr. Cation that
he wall0'0111 emleavorink: to and out the reanon tor alio
ordor but ao fluo withogt puciONipo
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DEPLOIZONT AVIATION ALLEMAND
DROUT JUIN
Nate --fl fly i eu pour Ainol dIro pas do ehangemonts dopuis
(lotto date.
FRONT OCC.IDENTAI0
A) COMMANDO=
Le Mar. SHAME aommunde la IIIe Flotte airienne et dim
poso
do:
0e) corps aerion 4 COMPlEONE
un groupomont do ohadoo
un oommandoment deo operations on ATLANTILtUE
du aootour aud do la Mor du NORD
En outre ii oxioteralt un le oorps aorton indepondant ot groupant
touted 1ed formai:lona de ()hada() do nult.
D) DEPLOIXUNT AaINN
Lea groupeo: 3 1 26, 2/K0 56, 100 (no dont pout ;tro plum
our le front 000idental?)
Lod grouped 2/KG 77 (4. RENNE8?), VICO 77 (BEAUVAIS?) vonant
tous les doux do la Meditorrane�
Le groupo 2/1(0 40 (peuatre partl pcur Extreme Nord?)
Lo
3/K0 40 aomportant 3 osoadrilles dont deux on Vritnoo
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(la Se 41, BORDEAUX, lo 94) .1% ORLEANS..BRIGY)
Le groupe do destruotion 210 a quitt4 TOURS pour le front
Oriental.
LIEeeadre de bombardement No. 2(KG2) eat en France et
Belgique.
Le 111 group� on Belgique ou Hollande
Le 2� - yore GAND
Le 3� - en Fr4nee ou Belgique
(7 Or.de
( Bombardt
Un reaum(aur la front occidental: 11,500 appare11a(10 a 12 do
( Ohasse
(3 Chao de
Nuit
UNIT4S D1ERGAN2,1JNG
5 ()Toupee en France: 4/KG4 AVORD
300 BRETIONY
40� - ORLEANS-ERICY
55 OISON
77 - BOUROES (pout etre
LAPONI1Let NORVEGE du NORD
V Plotte: G. TUMPF
pOrti
pour Belgique
MiDITERHANEE
Lee effeetifa paraisaent devenus idort1qUo it claw( de l'hiver
dernier Boit onvirone 650 appal-calls.
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Clroupo da DootruotIon: 3/20
Group Bombt on plquo
0/2
Group do Ohommo do
Nuit 1/0
ill000cipltloo do room.,
noanooti loIntianoo 1/120
2/102
0/123
3/090.D Li
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German Battle Order..
July - August.
I Panzer Division.
The 7th should have left the middle of August and is probably
in Russia.
The 5th is at Rennes
The 10th is at Amiens and may have been divided.
II. Infantry
A.O.K, No XV
712th at Gand since the end of February.
304bhatBruges.
? at Bergues. More precise information will be given in the next
340th (at Ostende) in the process of being motorized.
106th at Boulogne.
321th Montreuil.
302nd at Dieppe.
332nd at Le Havre.
711th at Lisieux,
716th at Caen.
320th at CotentLn.
319th at Coutances.
A.O.K. No VII
709th at Lamballe.
17th at Loudeac in the process of being motorized.
325th at Brest.
333th at Auray
SECRE
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A.O.K. No 1.
327th at La Rochelle,
708th at Royan
15th at Liebonne on the point of leaving.
715th at les Landed and may have been divided.
III S.S. Divisions
"Das Reich a Le Mans.
"Adolphe Wtler" is between Le Mans and Vel.sailles.
These two divisions arrived from the Russian front about the
middle of July.
IV Miscellaneous.
The 337th Division is probably in the region of Dinan.
A division is prdbribly being formed between Nevers and Dijon.
A Parachute Divisidn is at Avranches and is one the point of
departure.
The "Goering" regiment is at Loudeac.
Middle of Alaust.
The constitution of these newly formed German divisions and
perha.os even of all the divisions o4 the Russian front,has been
changed.
These divisions now have only two Infantry regiments. The Artillery
regiments on the contrary will be increa:)ed.
The 340th Division is at Ostende.
(2 regiments of infantry
artillery ...... next word illegible)
IMOMIMMINIM
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41
61710411411..1....1164 II
July $
Numerous am* of raliablo Intermmtion indicator
le Dofoneo coustruetion is being pushod oh tho *met and
in *relit depth toward the interior of the occupiod sone.
g� Daemon organisation *wars se follow**
asi Defense organisations ATV in progresa the longth
of tho aoast from liolgium an far no Brittany to
Wind at leant all pointer having landing fooilities.
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be A sccond lino from supporting point. is bobs
eatabli41ied in book of tho first at o varying distance
of trom BO to ID kilcsateras This lino is skirted by;
144 St, Miohol. Mtge d'Arree, Domfront, Lisieux, Nsu-
tehatel...en..Bray, Polders, Gond, Torncuson.
co Other isolated oonstruotion projsots in evidense are
att Vitro, Lavil, Mowers, Ohemin dee DOW'S' They Could
outline it third position whioh, through Nix Term,
would form A dcfensivo trionglo, The points of this
titionglo would bo At* ilaubougo, Namur, tlhorlevillos
de In back or this poaition oonstruotion ie in progross
particularly on the Meginot line, Work fortifientions
facing West and also Northwest, and preparation
to destroy oonatruotion as ter as Palfort, Poaanconv
and 4.4
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July 4
V* have learned, although it has not been confirmed, that
in midemluns eonoreto sheltere five meters deep were under
eenetruction on the edge of the 444 between Boulogne and
Wimoroux.
:tin genera/a it moms to us that sumeures tor defense and
evacuation are being omposi'llly pushed in the *oasts' sone
fromarthe enholdt to the Seine while in the sone!' to the Northwest
and West the organisation of the shore defense seems still
limited to the defense of the most vulnerable points.
We sre vatting for precise intormotion and cannot confirm
the foregoing paragraph.
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May 1
NC do not know of any depot of combat gas
or stooks of gam bombs in the coastal region
from Brest to Belgium. We will inform you
soon of the positions of gasoline depots
whioh we may know of,
Paul
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April 19th. (Noted in WM)
BATTLE ORDER . boginnina of Apr13.
141h,Alla The following: divisions are grouped in 3 army oorps:
Tho 37th 0, A. at Tourcoing, the 32nd 0.A. et Rouen, the 00th at Often,
304th At Brume, 306%h near 0ourtrai,-Brumeelo, Nth At Rerguem.
340th At Ardrom, 321st At Montrenil, 302nd at Dieppe. 330th at Le
Havre, 332nd Around Rouen. Yvetot. Etretat (This division seeme
intendxd to roplaoo the 33(th), 333rd at Caen, 3;l0th (uncertain) at
Valogne, 711th at Coutances, 'Al9th utDinard. 7inth near St. ntin.
(The 227th and 20nth 4/visions havo left).
211.AAMI -
323rd near Lorient Nante, 30Nth near nt. Nazaire, 327th At Niort
al4a Roehelle. ?Onth at Bordeaux' - Pooherovt, 71nh at lee 'Andes .
(the 0th hnd the lightly armoured (legere) 2nth left at ihe and of
rebruary or the beginning of 1'C oh), A now armw,red (11* metori2ed
division arrivod reoent1;,. near Penne') and ('amp Conlquidon. It
maoma that it is not uompletely oraanived, but In in the pr000ss
of being made qp.
LILIL AM
337th at Bourget), 211th (uncertain) at Auxerre, 71st on the point
of leaving). The Vrd Armoured divictioa ie deooribed ao huvinK
loft raris towards the end of Maroh.
IYADIA:LIA -
2 diArthionn at V,rotate
At 100: tho 140th.
At Nancy - the 1A2n1.
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The government and national wish to mamma their
neutrality and conciliate England and Germany*
The ocuntry has been unpleasantly impreseed by reoent
English reverses and by the delay necessary to the United States
before action could be taken offootively in Europe.
The government also fare an allianoe with Russia end
England because of the situation of the Straits*
A good observer in Turkey maintains that if German
pressure is applied by firm military aviation measures and also
takes plain at the time of a sucoossful Gorman offensive in
the Caucaaum, the government would bow to Germany, using the
pretext of the Turkish people's desire for piton*
At present it seems that tha Turks have somewhat diminished
their seourity measures with the hope of augmenting the eastern
and southern frontiers. (This last sentence is difficult to
rend and therefore should be checked.)
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Juli 3
We have reliable information indicating that The
ooastal artillery and the DV 0. A. of the west zone of Fromm
are in the course of reorganisation* The whole (mantel defense
is to be taken or by the Navy which would have control of
the ooastal artillery and the D. 0. A.
Tho batteries of the D. 00 A., battories of 7,6 and 8,8 ciMs.,
which are stationed along the �oasts would be organised in four
groups; theca, beside their normal duty of anti.oiroraft fire,
will also Resist in the def%.nee against attacks from the sea.
Paul
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Uonevill (40 h(4ving ruached the age limit within the
potlt yvar goes into retirc,ment. At prtaqnt he will ea-
tablish himself with him rimily in the neighborhood of
Lyon.
He des ivos no publieity. flo wishes ti:: he forgotten ns
a privatcl citizen.
Tne loabt
1,1w co- pro3ant, the better.
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BEGRAT
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THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF
WASHINGTON
316
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November 16 194:.
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Colonel William J. Donovan,,
Director, Office of Strategic Services,
Washington, D. C.
Dear Colonsl Donovan:
With reference to your letter of November 10th
concerning a contact with the head of the Cinquieme Bureau
and my reply of November 11th, which was subsequently
withdrawn, the following information is furnished.
Continued contact with France is considered
desirable. however, it is not believed wise to allow any
officer of the French Embassy to send noded messages from
this country which have not been censored. The Assistant
Chief of Stall', G-2 has been directed to obtain the cipher
code mentioned and deliver it to ycu. It is desired that
this code be retained by you, and that arrangements be made
that will permit any messaL;e this officer desires to send
to be encoded by you prior to transmittal. Subject to the
above restriction, I believe that you should handle this
matter as your judgment eictates.
64eAdatii4. vtrjk
0"1"^-fri
1, II 4Les-t--
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Sincerely yours,
?or t:Ie Joint Ciliefs of Staff:
I
/J. R. DANE,
Briz,a0. er jeneral, U. S. Army,
Secretary.
SHICILNT
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November 11, 1942
Dgiodiepog94gpgl John R. Deane
The .1616i U. S. Chiefs of Staff
Public lie4thoppi4iii,ng .,- 1
13#014ingiOn 1,4)41; , . P... . ,
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My dear Oeneral Deane:
,accopdance With yottx" Olepbpne
,
requqat thia,afti.rnoon I am returrAin:g your
letter' iA0 1;;Ile of Noyimber 11, concerning the
exchange gf communicattipnA with the head of
the Cinluieme *Ireau.
Uncerely,
William,J. Donovan
Director
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mnreitomvpmcimtmr.4.� Avasrvarimmwstetemon
Brigadier General John R. Deane,
Joint U.S. Chiefs of Staff,
Public Health Building,
Washington, D, C.
My dear General Deane:
C.
A C'.� chrr (inf.) es\
.k k etc V'S r;
X as el
Ci4 Nel C.tie
November 100 1942
1144LcIfficeloks for several months carried on an exchange
of communications with the head of the Cinguieme Bureau which
operates separately in France in war-time and at other times
As called the Research Section of the Deuxieme Bureau.
1///i The officerrma member of the French Embassy in this
country--who has been working with us0 has inquired whether
it was our wish to continue this service. (It should be said
that he is a high-class man, that we do not pay him tor this
work, and that he has assumed it as his patriotic duty). As
a result of the Africau operations he has been completely cut
off from telegraphic communications, and if we desire to con-
tinue the exchange, the following steps are necessari:
1. He must regain possession of his cipher codes
which are in the Embassy Chancery, now blocked
off from all access by agents of the F.B.I.
2. Our assistance is necessary to arrange that a
telegram from him be forwarded thrown our
representative in Lisbon or in Madrid to the
French Military Attache in Lisbon or Madrid,
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Bri adior-General Deane,
020
rli
November 10 1942
who will in tura send it on to the Deuxieme Bureaus
In this telegram he will inquire whether his chief
desires and is able to colltinue the exchange of
messages, and in the event of an affirmative, whether
he desires to arrange for the exchange of telegrams
via Switzerland,
Since a reply will come via Switzerland, we will
have to advise Dulles, our man in Switzerland, that
an emissary from the Chief of the Cinquieme Bureau
will approach hirn. bringing a cipher message, and we
must oaution Dulles to take proper security measures
In transmitting the quoted message through the
Legation in Bern,
I suggest that if it is desired to proceed with this plan
it might be possible to arrange with the LILL to escort him
to the Chancery at night, quietly, so that neither the public
nor other members of his Embassy need be aware of the action
taken* It must be remembered that neit4ur the AMbassador nor
any member of hit staff has any knowledge of these activities*
And, finally, if we want to accomplish these arrangements, the
quicker the bettor, since there ia reason, of course, to believe
that the Germans will be increasingly active in the unoccupied
area of France*
If you agree with this procedure, I would sdpreoiate your
advising me so that we can acts
tUncerely,
J. Lonovan
Dimector
vel*-
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.4
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MEMORANDUU:
TO:
FROM,/ Fred
/
OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES
WASHINGTON, D. C.
November 10, 1942
te"
SJ CT; C 109,01�portommunpotiong�,*111V-:;"
ie*S�Ba-reau of F enMineralleS aff
Ga....balaulf.....a.C.G4-4 phis office has for several
mdnths carried on an exchange of communications with the
head of the Cinquieme Bureau which operates separately
in France in war-time and at other times is called the
Research Section of the Deuxieme Bureau. Tha.aoaulta.baue
b-Gen-iatauyi-satt-sfaviDevy-to, ma4e. to a
memorandure-to-you-da-ted, ab.out. October-22r relative to in-
craasIng.the-flow6-of communications by operation of a secret
4-r�a-d1zil station in this country.
The F lohmarl'in this country who has been
sorvtifIligiU4ettika14,h�-ono_hand. uad oureuelves-oa-the
othox.,...iar....s&yq4,1.cnpw,\a-member of the French Embassy.,
ila--a-poker-wi-t-h-nrer-yasterday ajilpernoorl and,. i quired whether
% 3 L �\ vk �L ( ,�11
it was our wish to continue this-exchange,. tipomm�ble.
liaolvissuLyslur--a-t-titiade-to-th-i-s-whole matter, I answered his
(4\ ) . \.%4 , a I 4, =.� ,t
Uncle,r_Arasent ao4d1 ions he hes been
1is -L
I m
� kit k
01..A L1 .
L
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,
,
Colonel Donovan
-2- November 10, 1942
completely cut off from telegraphic communications, and if
we desire to continue the exchange, the following steps are
necessary:
I'N,AX4eV""""
0
1. He must regain possession of his cipher codes
which are in the Embassy Chancery, now blocked
off from all acuess by agents of the F.B.I.
2. Our assistance is necessary to arrange that a
telegram from him be forwarded through our repre-
sentative in Lisbon or in Madrid to the French
Military Attache in Lisbon or Madrid, who will in
turn send it on to the Deuxieme Bureau. In this
telegram he will inquire whether his chief desires
and is able to continue the exchange of messages,
and in the event of an affirmative, whether he
desires to arrange for the exchange of telegrams
via Switzerland.
3. Since a reply will come via SwitzErland, we will
have to advise Dullejthat an emissary from the Chief
of the Cinquieme BUfeau will approach him, bringing
a cipher message, and we must caution Dulles to take
proper security measures in transmitting the quoted
message through the Legation in Bern.
I suggest that if it is desired to proceed with this
plan it might be possible to arrange with the F.B.I. to es-
cort him to the Chancery at night, quietly, so that neither
the public nor other members of his Embassy need be aware of
the action taken. It must be remembered that neither the
Ambassador nor any member of his staff has any knowledge of
these k%ctivities. And, finally, if we want to accomplish
these arrangements, the quicker the better, since there is
reason, of course, to believe th,t the Germans will be in-
creasingly active in the unoccupied area of France.
D.
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,
titivosittratomwo
XEMORANDUM
011
,>
October 23, 1942
is
The 4ituationt
The French General Staff in peace times contains
a section known as the Second Bureau, which is the
information section. A subdivision of that section is
known as the "Research Section." The "Research Section"
carries out all clandestine activities, in other words,
operates m secret service.
At the outbreak of war the "Uosearch Section"
becomes the Fifth Bureau and is commanded by a Staff
Officor. It operates in war time compLotely separated
from the Second Bureau, the lattor continuing its
functions of collection of information through attaches
and other let:Jtimate means.
With the collapse or l''VUHCO in 1940 the personnel
of the virth Hureau severed itself from the Army and
sot Up a st,crob rvice of Its own unaer the former com-
mnder of the Wirth Bureau. This commander has expressed
the sentiment Lila!, as far as he and his men are concerned
the war im not, over anu will not be over until the last
Oorman hub Loft French to
TLere is in Washilvton a reprosentative of this
SECRET
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lioeim,o4.44W4o144a,4a..t 11114.011010
4,1
ormagestmetialfealligaVinSatrumessowalm.mwoomsis
hidden Firth Bureau. He is a French prof000ional
Army �Moor, a man of oharaoter and intogrity, who
will obey implicitly tho ordoro of hio former and
pros ont oommandorp
A., 1,
This repr000ntative lo established in Washington
and, under direot instructions from his chief in Franco:
oatablichod connection with the American Army, opooifi-
oally 0-2. (Such connoobion waa ostablishod and carried
out undor Colonel Donovanto direction and in still in
active oporationel
The Fronchman in Washine,ton hao oxplainod that his
Chiof fools that the oxohango must be a two-way traffic,
that ho must havo ti justlfloation for the flow if it is
disoevored. Ho adds that ho would never, of couroo, ox
pact information as to stratoic piano but desiros to
obtain from Limo to time approximate information as to
production, methods or modern war, ot cetera. Thin desire
should bo mot us fur an it In pon*Iblo without jeopardizing
our clocurity.
Tho_Problom:
Unfortunatoly, for rola:Ion� w1 eh crumot be remedied,
the Clow of communication is salal I both to) and from Franco
and Nas hing ton. The communica tion is carried on in as
SECREI'
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2
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 � CIA-RDP13X00001R00010030701-0
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great A flow au tho prenont mann will permit. Technical
difficultloa plua the dangor of aecurity to tho French-
mon both in FMA00 and hero* yowler it imperative that
if the flow bo incroaned it mut bo by othor than the
proaent mann of communioation,
There are obvioun advantagon in providing the
faollition to increane the flow, Not only oould w� ob.
tain more apocific information aa to Oorman operationn
In occupied Prance, the Nothorlanda, and Liolgium$ but it
It posaible and han indeed boon ouggented by the reproonativo here that information or a muoh broader charaoter
could be worliod up by the men in Prance, Purther, we are
faced with the daily pont-ability or a rupture with %flatly,
it therefore noomn not only advantal!,eoua but urgent and
indtuportaable that a meana of oommunloation bo aot up by
whtoh thia InformatIon onn oontinua to ranoh uo even If
volattona'apo oovorod.
Tho (Mar lo Pronoo p000l:vattea Lho prooarioua naturo
of Lilo buolnooa that. ho lo ottPpyLne, on. Honoo, ho la
Mfl rtpu.Lcu t.Iut L all lumina of oommuntoraton for hi.t
ohalt be "Vrenoh," Ho wanta to bo b.Lo to orfor the do-
Vouao for Idwaolt and him, orriooro that ho tato outvloyod
Vronoh ohannola an0 Imo not; boon in oorroapondonoo with
foroli-M opvernmenta. no foola that It ta ppobablo that
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-4
00
Q1 officero in the Oonoral Starr nvnpect hie activitlen
and wit* at them but that nevorthelena nom epinode or
a0M0 prOa41.111@ may at any minute bring about the arroot
of himmelf or hin mon and he mut have hi n record elear.
A repreaentative or the 0.8�06 ham ainoummod taw
toohnloal problem involved with the Frenchman hero and
a propomal Ilan boon formulated to nolve thin communica-
tion difficulty In ouch a way an to give (a) reanonablo
aomuranco of a volatIvely oontlauoua flow of trafrio ot
oommunloatlon and (b) the oloment of nemilty that seem
neeempury to the loader in Prancee
The Proxppi4
����7PJ - � �
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1. That the �acquire a mmall oonaor (aomoribea
In memorandum herewith attaohod);
ThuL Lho 0 roopult n vrenoh1fl4n In whom LL
har4 conridnnuo, Umoll() opnout(r tr II 1. tr
Hunh VVOVIMIMAri tr.) hn Lrainvd uii VW110 01101-40.01'1
Thu I. Lim Vodnohmttil In ,attihIn .ton pay rm. (Alta
jri Lt.& 1.1./1 Li t't to Lim!. 1 11 1.1'14011(.111�
4. That tht:4 otation 1noo1v05 mmiont:ioo In the
WPonohltan'n (Judo alwaya t.1 L1'() an intopmndiary to Ow
ond that the Wrnnohman opnvaLln Lilo radio Vont that
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.5.
he is serving the United States Government both in
sending messages to France and receiving messages from
an American station in Franco;
5. It is obvious that such a station could not
be carried on without raising immediate question,
especially by F.B.I.) 0.N.I., and the Signal Corps of
the Army. It Is proposed to 'rive sufficient explanation
to each one of these organLtations to reassure them as
to the purpose of the sending and receiving;
6. while the 0.S.3. has confidence in the Integrity
and purpose of the Frenchmen here and abroad, nevertheless
it would seem advisablo to make assurance doubly sure in
El matter of this importance. It is therefore proposed
that flimsies of the ciphers used on this station, both
incoming and outzoing, should be 1:urnIshed tc Army and/or
Navy eryptographemi to the end that an entioavor may be
made to cheek the nature of the moosageo.
sECRI...14
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MEMORANDUMPARED BY 0 S 6. EXPERT (:)
Suggestion contained in no. 2 seems to 'LIB preferable to
no. 3 and we believe it can be handled as to meet =V
friend's requirements.
��� ,����� -
A senond more verentile 4ortnn, 000ld Le
jail
� '10 In n I "rOXii,,q !,oly thirty days, 1 i the Imo of 0 ':.eclium-:.owered
PRI :il t: to r In one of our ov-,pn for ctr o r th ) folio! 1r4 trtion
� : on rr,,inr: on n teler.raphl.o code oorvo-sn t on. i,re of 'nr own
oonl..or .1 t on f1oers can hold t.ho oo.-)tnot r 1ly44 noo
:ro-neht.ly p� 'T' ;fl to tho on:ir) n 1 do . iit.1e t.,)9 f'", � Tho
rorio- ti .r'n ')e d(o:o i.y t.h. 6P e or 11 in Or mil, bre. e.1 ni.
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Declassified anaAppi:9,yei4orZ21)7/31 IA-R
From; Harold Jones
To: Murry Brophy
Subject; General Emmon's propoitil ror Jnonosn Le,Tion
prepared a very careful m-wu for the Colonel
on this subject. He took it u, wiLh the qenoral
('*taff' to see what had hapvened t') rimmont!1 pro-
posal. The General iltufr mlid, "We are not in
favor of Forein Legiorm."
Donovan said Lo lay off the vropoll'Ion.
ever: I had already talked to ha roil Smith,
Ed Kemp and nowarl Tho pitaLor wza Lo bo
talked over with the PreAld-nt and I imri.inn has
been directly submittal Lo him. AL; p'Jl.1
have wirod Mar. ;1 and :ihould o L in 2111,1wt.t. 1 )rr4
I I enve.Due to the CrieL thri thn ; I:(Dt
win. ul Lo monhPy witli this rritt-r rurth.q., T
INC uldn't ul 0 1 flythin._; wIthtmt Nig I tHein.: It
-1th him an 't ,Jvinl: him Lh'., Jub;!n o' this
momo.
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AncooL ith, LU414
Itorewi ththo Lionttairtia
whion you aliked Fidid to molto out, beforb ho
1 at t on 'Ripon RIO Ito hpo it t fiet$ /*or
Lite) tat ti Ice Why but no No I no re) oo rd
oon ti t. arat ha tried to itintt tho
quoi$tionnairo to whul. t,ho individualm donut-11)e]
hy you
wort, likbly Lo 'Jo abib produdv. An
he ofa,;,n, it bbVor pay� Lo ovorload 4doh people,
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qUBSTIONNAIRE FOR JAPAR
11�1011����������1001101.14 WOO
Ap.
It is believed that there is considerable
misgiving in oertain quarters in Japan about the eventual results
of the expansionist polioy, and of the Axis partnership.
Is this really so - if so, is the feeling shared by
the ordinary man in the street?
It is unlikely that there is at the moment any
organised opposition to the Government's polioy, but if suoh an
opposition were to arise at a later date, from what group or
groups would it oome? Can you make any forecast of what their
main talking points' would be?
We are always interested in estimates of the
eoonomio position in Japan - e.g., data on the general state of
business, especially internal business, the raw material position,
(oupocially In oil) and the effect of Allied restrictions on
Japanese life. Presumably the tendency in official propaganda
is to blame shortages on to Allied restrictions. Is this so and,
if sot is the arEument Kenerally aooepted? How best, in your
opinion, could suoh statements be combated?
tm.
It is not dasirod to burden you with specialist
Military questions, but you may be able to aoquira information
on the following valuable pointsa
(a)
The effect of service expansion on the mr,n-eower
situation. Do manufacturers complain of shortage of
labour - if so, in what diatriots and in what industries?
(b) Do shippers complain of lank of shipoing fanilities?
If so, by what lines, fun what routes aro affected?
An estimate of the ton-,t' all:cated for caming on
normal !Itiainesa vnluftbles
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(c) Any unusual oencentration of shipping at any point in
Japan, or elsewhere, should be reported ut onoe. It is ,
moot neceenary to give, also, an estimate of the
reliability of the report.
(d) You oannot be expeoted to identify Japanese army
formations, nor would it be desirable for you to attempt
it. If you have ever had any aoquaintanoes Among senior
Japanese officers - nay from Lifmtenant-Colonel upwards - it
would be valuable to renew oontaot with them and report
whore they are now and, if possible, what their appointment
ie. Similarly with any other officers you may happen to
meet. In all these cases the full name and rank of the
officer is necessary to oetabliah an identification - e.g.,
"Lieut.-Colonel Tanaka, Eiiohi, met at Osaka, believed to
be commanding an infantry regiment in that area, " not
"Met an officer named Tanaka in Osaka."
You will be aware that the easiest and moat
natural way of aoquiring thie information, in Japan, is
by exchange of ourdst
Aurmat 26th, 19414
el���1110....
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atTESTIONITAIRE FOR MA110111100
1. You mRy be Aware of the normal distribution of Japanese
troops in the areRs in whioh you have been workin4. Report
any marked inoreaaen or deoreasen in otrength� If there ars
Any new troops in the area, where did they oome from? When
did they arrive?
2. Report any nips of future arrivaln in the areas you oover. This
min often be estimated by demands for more aocommodation, or
preparAtions for new oumpo and barraoks.
3. You will probably not be able to identify Japanese Army
formations - And an inaoourate identification to woree than
none at all. It will be better to report the name and rank
of aaw senior Japaneee offieer you may enoounter,where he to
atationed and, if possible, what his oomrand or appointment
may be. The full name is nooeaaary in al) oasea.
4. Report any inatanoee of Rum:Ilan or Chineue aubveraive
aotivitlea - propaganda or aabotage. In what area are auch
aotivititia prevalent and what effeot do they have ono)the
dapuneae, (b) the Chinoae in Nanuhukuo?
L. Road and railway information ia alwaya valuable, eapeciolly
about new rondo and railway projeota in the dirootion of the
Ruealan border.
If poaalble, vonoontrate on ouch infomation in the
following great);
(a)
(b)
(0)
Aurtiv.t. 2t1t).�
Northern Korea
The Suifenho area
round Heih, (oprodito Mftrovb4ohenak).
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TOP SECRET
GENERAL HEADQUARTERS
SOUTHWEST PACIFIC AREA
MEMORANDUM TO: General Donovan.
yvi
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16 April 1944 /czcV,e'
1. Japanese Position
a. General. For the Pacific War Japan poseessed a
balanced uirp�naa7�and sea force. Against light opposition she
quickly advancod to INDIA, to the N.E.I., and was finally stopped
in the Solomons and New Guinea. Today, however, Japan's eir,
land, and Flea farces are no longer balanced.
b. Air. (1) From an effective striking force the
strength of tEti" enemy air arm has dwindled until it had to assume
the defensive. In this theater, even though air combat has boon
greatly restricted, the onomy has boon unable to replace aircraft
losses. In the BISMARCKS his air has practically ceased to exist.
In NEW GUINEA few aircraft are stationed oast of HUMBOLDT BAY.
(2) During the last four months estimated
1 enemy air stronFth in this theaterhaa decreased 30%. For March .�
the enemy allocated 200 aircraft replacements to the Southeast
Asiatic Theater, 135 to this Theater, 356 to the Central Pacific
Area. Those a] locutions probably are the maximum possible with-
in the month. During April, action of our Pacific Forces against
enemy air has bven dovastatinr. There 13 reason to be
therefore, tht the enemy air position in this Theater will con-
tinuo to deteric,rate. AggresJi'!e air action in preparation for
and durInu the HOLLANDIA Operation will either dostroy the enemy
Or rorce which engages us or force Its withlrawal.
(5)
Estimated Enemy AIr Strength 1.11 Anril 19411.
Now Britain 16
New Ire Laud 12
So1omons 2
Northwest, Apo;t
(komainder of 3ValA Th)aterb21
TOTA:, 1)51
c. Land. (1) In actaal cy),Ini combat tho enemy is
U1 formtdablo as ev,r. But in ',.he 2)1,0MONS alA IkIT4A1CKS and
Eastorn NEW GUINEA his troops have a high sick rate; Vey are
itntiobilized an(1 inathaviately slIp',11.)a. Their po3Iton'3
untenable and can HOW h0 hy-,Pti330d %)i!Lti 3afety.
(2) .�,.; 15 A'rIL 1),!. the 413t, 20th, and
51st Divi3t00.1, L;taiiin. 50,000 troo:, word in the wE:tAE.-ADiti.G
area; at AITAn 5,000, one-third 0.1;". wors L of C troons; In
the HOI.,LiCIDIA;ME area ()�,000 0V w:Iloh at losst 50,;; wort, L or
C; in the MANOhARI-NOEMPOOR area 10,o5 w-Ic! one-fitt,1 were
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��� ..0tallialia4403414414104.*Xiiii4041610.11P.11.1.004....�,,, � r.,�,m11,-A.V*51444,4.4040,44102914.eborrip*
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or 0) In Weatern VOQ4LKO1 5w or whiah more than half were
L of 0; in HALMAnHA 1,0,000 troop, of whiah halt wore L of 00
() At pretient the Oth# 14t1, and 3rd
Diviaions Are believed to be movine into thin theater0 ay the
Und or April tho bulk of the 36th will probably be eant ct
OVELVINK 5AY in the HUME= BAY-WAKDE area* Eiome or it may
have moved on into the forward area between WAX and MADAM
The bulk of the 14th will probably bo in W11 VOOHLKOP and the
bulk ore 3rd in HAWAHU1A0
(4) fly L July the lhth and elementa of the
3rd will probably be in the VOOELKOP0 By I. 5eptember olomenta
of the 14th Divinion and e1ement:4 (Jr ttr) 5vd w111 probaay be in
Wentern voarasKop. on 1 Novewoor elements of the 5rd Divinion and
probably the bulk or a new dtvinion will be in HALMAIMA�
(5) The pattern of enemy deranolve moanuren
in emorgin. In the past 5WPA Vorres h Ave limited advanaen to
thew) whloh aould be oovered by rtght(Jps. In WITNEA the
enemy hut' now sit op dertA%ses to moot such UT1 attack. He 0X-
pects un to strike HAMA BAY whinh i.t almust, exactly 1b0 milon
from our rorwavo air banem0 'He han dloposod his strength 00 40
boat to woot much an attaok. Hs is now nbiftio! hla weight oo
40 to leave it sacrifice outpost or 5,500 at MADANO; he ta
otrongtheoltiv, Litt-) AlTAPI.: area. HOLI,ANDTA is the base Vor those
forward Cornoa. 3upplion 'hove from HOLLANDIA by barge. No
otrong alp rorOotl LAN-) ntationed permanently forward of
H01.140110
(( ) W01. rpm' nohhAnDIA 4110 'a nu Id pro.
paving another Aofonsiv., ontity. nits rtIrWuild el-101110104i tiro
Lie Vt1t) tiPtut. Hld otv,)Iwt,h httlit. op Vrom WsKiii. to
MANOKHat, inoilolve. Tho bole for lq so HwtNara etomo:lis la
probably HAhMAHA. In other w,rds, Liii (tPlid MAOAN10mOdLeVAK in
to to tn., n,trio IMI,:sitHI) 1 A Ltd LI II 1414o u MA/0( -14A kchNtltT I. i to t..
baso 1.141011.Ra.
0. Thope Is no ovidenco aq pit Io I lil Ic i Lit 1 4l thr,
enomy expoots olp next attach at nokkaNDlh. No navonot vu t
aneti c!trciers ill this theater.
0* 3tu Ptircon. LOgitiod lii 1114,ht fluvut
MO LI to 1111 100 157-751)1111414 nti ti ott ly 11'0141 v ti.t ii rroot,'
nons of th dnomy fleet. A dt140np, WE4d in itt aingtolordi
heavy unito are movinp: Into 3oothorn Philippines.
r. 21.11�1nr. Enemy ship int): tolio0 urt roryeilivoly
increasing. nns t an one-third or th,ill -114? foplaced
by new oonotrAoLlon. Tho sinkintJ,s 11,4ve boln tit) oXtuit31v,1 ttica
la no p1,400 ic.ui tioentivo outor 11.1.1.,,t,r 11 thrl ouc,3 supply
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. _
Top SECRET
satisraetoryi Sineo shipping in baroly adoquato to moot
minimum roquiromonts at pronent, it is doubtful it tho enomy
eould move and supply largo bodion of troops.
g� Intent,' Reliable intolligonoo indieatos that
tho enemy expoeta�attackn at HANA BAY, MADAM, RANAUL, HAMM,
and possibly TIMOR. By dosporato tanatioal ground ronistoneo to
our expeotod attuoks he intondn to aohiovo maximum dolayi Ho
must gain time to build ships, oxpand industry, amass raw
matorialn amd Draw� dotemsow; Tho onomy 114B plonty of troops
and to in time ho will not hositato to naerifico them.
/IN Tho Paelfic Fleet may be available to provido
amphibious lift and escort or two divinions from thin aloator for
a alort poriod, possibly during Augusto If tho Floot aotion in
the MARIANAS ainn momentum, this help will bo availablo earlier
than August,
24 0011014alOnfil
That in ground combat the enemy remains rormidable,
Ii. That onomy air and naval moans availablo rots this
Thoator we on tho wano.
e. That tho onomy oupp1y nonitton ta prooartoua.
d. That our progroaa artor HOLLAND TA will dopond
entiroLy upon tho moana avatiablo.
.5.
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You may be interented in
the attached, togtthor with
Jr, Bradleyla oomments
thereupon�
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*must 5, 1944
Ybllowing memorandum to r one of the closest
dbeervers of the Ohinese scene. This copy of
It has been obtained outside the usual channtes
and from another enay, therefore, there ohoUld
be no distribution outside) of OSS. It is moot
portant that secrecy regarding it be carefully
obaorved. Who original document MIA dated Am 24,
ohunexing.
11. P. Allmon
1
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TM @IMAM IV =laA1filKWATIOiti
AMMO AMAII:OAN Miff
prztjaruLLML4Li 11,LIALatatu..2dagfill
AtThEll.guakji BM1 z Ls= 11.E.eii.-N1-1-1111
a.4111,41t, , i5
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Japan has had ti o ohoioo of tvo altornativoo�
11 lt oould boot Chino to tto Moos DPI vhi@ half@ roquirod largo goal@
military oporationo and 4 1444 and oontingiA4 Amp otimpations And than ifico
tho donor Vhat it might hove, &Avon tht Juomintofi4 to &PIT WI a real matilitio=
tion of tho thut moking p000iblo Oft@OtiV@ P4@ifit4W4 and porhapo rogorr-
ing tho Apollo@ took go long ftod aootly A@ it liA4 444 in North Ohiagm
0$ Or Japon @gold mAintain it onou4h pr000uro tO OMB@
strangdotions Mood OR th4 WM@ IWO Of DAMAO; t134 undorotAnding of tho
oontiuulpg otrugglo for powor within UItn iRitgomintang-gtommaniot
oonfliot)4 tho linolodeo thAt Ohtong om000to tO hAV4theWAP IttEsn tom him
outoido of Ohina by hio thio polioy had 'WI@ advantogo that at lgAR a@ the
KUomintong loodoro gow 4 (111414@@ for survival Ow would hot talc@ tho Pt@pe flOO44=
ogry to tnorgloo in offootivo WAPs Tt would thuo romovo Any Aottvo
hhilot tO 44DARI@ flank; And pormit ?IonoolAdAtion And 4rod44 oxtonolon of tho
importont tlitipon000t.thold bosoo in (WA, Pin.41:1y; it would Povmit 11ieAPeehl
oliohmont of th000 Atm@ At A. volAtivoly oosts
JApan ob000 ttio wow) 414.14ftatiwil offlovtliNa, 40Ethible tkAt ttio Kpombitay-14
wodd 4114VP oxAotip AP it hAos 11140 tilOtv 4104 Jopolioppj14i, it tlfita 64 faf
MAIM V) hAvti 1t#41 niooly oglRulAtoris &tufa ib 4 lititsOvilla Aohtti tty Mew
WARAUDAti@fig Olitt14 ap@fizi htqo 0611004tion eiAy titireqAt to JapaR, 4114 ahipa
_eivivit if thp
1i3.14P4At Pit-1441'0h 0011timica3 auorleabliftillY Platildt
TAR0100 dltiv@ to P4a4 env ofronoivo liAdom 112 ic iflat
bt htj t ni LIP 0.111:ge_.aattlyir- ikL Uth ).2.4
11B iPlilmrts
, ohltqi 4400� 0040011(3 00110P001 IMP P41.1@int tilislhLesaTpti., tit tho cli*o! cata
OVfailftriAlitita AddnioLvAtivo TI4 iO fififil of thd roltor a011660 br
UMW, tlattiokil iiRP4Pt. d**41.14110PiN to 1ootoif tbo otho,opt of o dhioo
whigh; iky unity in t1irepo of violont oggra��iff4 fonnd oowiittifi.k.sootold
sopfaitti durlot: 1410 fivot twP gaorta or tims w4P W,14 J49449 Tatec441 10,54W-166660
AP@ IJO@Or4n4 4000hWotOd 1:4-0 thew@ t� tialfing P14300 4 40WOPPOif tho pffAlisog, 6f
nnifinAbiong
to mtipkilo to Ifiw oitio4paaoultollt witItitstp060, %two 40140A faait=14 Of
44-04@l4PWas
Ps !filo disarta (lovevphiocifit wriiabb4ithE LI= Ca'Clb43 i:3"jaY filE4t4
htB WIPP pit4t30, LILA? lobfictotitzo 014 bi it' bo itrisit 1 a orii &t�
ofid 14444044 ittoftoolivo, it, Its liao,imitia rt-,1 lho i*trit t.c lAdlitilAt
oftftAdh fOttel for 110 latE0 0estiy 00 t.tv0attilvooy,
3. libt3.0)1,0111000h tit'. ini I ty d parmacts.i tt tmi
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top to bottom by corruption, unprecedented in scale and openness.
4.. The intelleotual and salaried classes, who have suffered the most heavily
from inflation, are in danger of liquidation. The academic groups suffer not
only the attrition and demoralization of economic stress, the weight of years
of political control and repression is robbing them of the intellectual vigor
and, leaaership they once had.
5. Peasant resentment of the Abuses of conscription, tax collection ana other
arbitrary impositions has been, widespread and, is growing. The danger is ever.
increasing that past sporadic outbreaks of banditry and. agrarian unrest mm,
increase in scale and find, political motivation.
6. The provincial qxoups are making ODIUM= cause with one another and with
other dissident groups, and are actively consolidating their positions. Their
continuing strength in the face of the growing weakness of the Central governm
mont is forcing new meRsures of political appeasement in their favor.
7. Mrestiwithin the 'Kuomintang armies is increasing, as Shown in one important
instance by the "Young Generals conspiracy" late in 1943. On a higher Plane
the war zone commodore are building up their own spheres of influence and are
thue creating a new warlordise.
S. The break between the Kuomintang and the Oorsmuninte not only shows no signs
of being closed, but grows more critical with the passage of time: the inevitar.
Idlity of civil war is now generally accepted.
9. The Kuomintang is losing the respect and support of the people by its
selfish policies and �Lte refusal to heed progressive criticism. It seem unable
to revivify itself with fresh blood., and. its unchanging leadership shows a
growing ossification and loan of a sense of reality. To combat the dissensions
and cliquiem withiL the Party, which grow more rather than lees acute, the
leadarehip is turning toward the reactionary and unpopular Ohen brothers clique.
10. The Generalineimo shows a similar lone of realistic flexibility and a
hardening of narrowly conservative views. His groNing meglomania and his
unfortunate attempts to be "sage" an well as leader -- shown, for instance
by "Ohinals Destite and his book on economics have forfeited the respea
of map, intellectuals, who enjoy in China a position of unique influence.
0 idol= of his dictatorship is becoming more outspoken.
These umptons of deterioration and internal stress have been increastd
by the defeat in Honan and will be farther accelerated if, as seems Moly,
the Japanene succeed in partially or wholly depriving the Central Government
of East China south of the Yangtze.
S C
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In th@ fa00 of the grave mild@ with which it in oonfrontodl the ruomingtang
to owing to bo bho unifying and progro@otvo force in Ohin000 cooletr* the
role in which it modo it grootoot contribution to modan Ohtna�
0, ;
la. ;WV
ISLALIAg
sal
taprolitatia.
Dom woruwoorinm in OhinA mud bo mooted* 1110 tho polidoo of the
Kuomintang undor tho impoot of hypor.inflation And in tho promo of' Obvious
@ign@ of internAl ond ortornallooknomo mumt bo d000ribod AM bankrupt* Thi*
trilth in omphaoimod by tho foiluro of tholkomintong to oomo to grip@ with
tho oituation during tho r000ntly oonoludod plonary,mo@mion of tho Ombra
Hkoontive Oommittoo.
lo
fl a
omft
o on ronomont7r7FROt one
Tho ftomtntong oantinnoo to ignoro tho groat politiool drivo wibhin the
oountry for domooratio eoform* Tho writing@ of tho lonorollooimo and tho Party
progto @how that they hove) no pool undorotonding of that tom* Oonotitutionoltom
romaino on empty oromi@o for whioh the only "Draporoionu lp a Wilf.hooXt@d at.
tompt to ootdblieh on unpopular and undomoorAtio gyotom of loonl @olf.govornmont
booed on oollootivo rowoonoibility and atm odium by Jopon000 11 ton in
Monoburia And other oroao undor thoir oontrols
Quootiono bin to tho future of domoorooy onoh Am tho form of tho Oonoti.
talon and tho oomno@ition And olootion of tho National Oonayo@o 11011)44,111 tho
diotation of the bomintang* There to no progroon bolt/Ara the fondnmentel condi-
tiona of freedom of ArPopflion and r000gnitton of non.Nuomintan groupo. Non
the educational and polittoal advantagea of giving power and doonorw4i0 aharao.
ter to the exiotin but iftotent Peoplaa Politinal Oouncil are iolorfolis
On tha oontrary, the trend la atill in the other direction. Th-rotwil ennh
meano aa oompulaory polittotiA trolulog rot. Kovernment poate, emphaal,i on the
politioal nature of the Amy, thalv;ht oontml, and inoreaain identirtoation
or op PArty and Government, the Tuominteng tateuetnee ite Artve reo "inn Volk,
itn Reioh, Irttn Fuhvor" ovon though auoh a policy ibu Obina le Ineyltehly doame4
to follure.
The itUomintang ohowe no Intention of relaxiiw the author/Wilful ocmtvoie
on whioh ito prevent power depando. Far from ataoardlog or reducing the para
Phornata of A fflino 4bata -- the reittplo and omnipreoent aeore t rnlioe or.
minim-Mono, tho Oondormortal aad oo forth ., It oontinaee to otronalihen them
ae ite Vet reoort for internal otionrit (Vor the reeftforeomeat of tho moot
importont or th000 aerman.inopireM and Aitapa-slike organtottiona wo mot, an.
fortanately bear 110111f4 rooponoibility.
O1000000 growlog And potential tbreat of the Oommanieto, wilo it
foams may attraot the popular aupport ita ownitatilrb mAkoo imiNooetblo, tho
TuomAnton, deeplto the pretext .. to meet roroten end Ohtn000
of 0Onfitlaing 11AKotitittOila w/th the Oolomuniate, coat tuttee to Adhere to peatotots
and oiAno oan only rentt in oivil war, In ao Inine, it allow itaelf
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woman MAINCICOMI Vrariehtlefigigetronm
SECA',
blind to the fact that its intenal political and military eituation is so
weak that suocees without outside aseintance is most problematio; that oaah
a civil war would hasten the process of disintegration and the wpm& of
�ham that it, would prevent the prosecution of any offeotive war against
Japan; and that the only parties to benefit would be Japan immediately and
Russia eventually, Preparations for thie civil mar include an alliance with
the present Chinese puppets which sugure ill for fatmre unity and democracy
in China.
tvx.pij.kx.jnr11.144x.;=alsealy_altattEst
stet a to check itaflation whiobwo4 ixijure thela.2.14.92:dx.,..121L.
It ie directly responsible for the inoreaee of official corruption which is
one of the main *stables to my rational attempt to ameliorate the finanoial
situation. It does nothing to stop large-scale Drofiteerin, hoarding end epeca.
lation .. all of which are carried on by people either powerful in the Party or
with intimate political connectione.
It fails to carry out effective mobilization of resources. Suoh meneures
of wartime control as it has promulgated have remained a deaa letter or have
intensified the problems they were eappoeelly designed to rernedy.as for. instance
111.eavieed and poorly axeclated attempts at price regulation.
It passively allows both industrial and the more important handicraft pro.
duotion to run down, 813 they of course maet when it is more Profitable for
spemaltors to hold raw materials than to have them go through the normal pro-
ductive process.
It fails to carry out rationing except in a very limited way, or to ragu.
late the manufacture and trade in luxury ecods, many of which come from areas
under Japanese control. It shows little concern thc..t these imports are largely
paid for with strategic commodities of value to the enemy.
It faile to make an effective attempt to reduce the budgetary deficit and
increase revenue by tapping suchresources as excess profits and inQomes of land-
lords and merchants. It allows its tax-collecting apparatus to hog down in cor-
ruption and inefficiency -- to the point that possibly not more than one-third
of revenues collected reach the government. It continues to sPend huge govern-
meat funds on an Me and useless Party bureaucracy.
At best, it passively watches inflation gather momentum without even attemvt-
ins; palliative measures available to it, such as the aggressive sale of gold and
foreign .7.urrency.
It refuses to attack the fundamental economic nroblems of China such as
the G;rowing concentration of land. holdings, extortionate rents end ruinous ino.
threat rates, and the impact of inflation.
3. 21.11011tilk.........t.e...9.111.119 113_91-1&zz itsel in pn_ti._
self1,8132 short-sialussaessive esImim2ent of its all es.
By perel steam in tactics of bargaining, bluff and blackmail--most inappro-
priate to its circunstances--and its contirming failure to deal openly and frankly
-
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amd to extend whole-heated co eration.-which its own interests demard.-the
Kuemint t iu lienating Minato moot i,. rtant ally, the United States, It
ban alma alionatod ite other major po. ential A14, Soviet Mania, toward
which its attitude in An irrational and short.nightod aa it in toward the Cow.
munints, Tho latest ample of this is the irrewpomible circulation of the re-
port that SovietBannia and japan have signed A secret military agreement per.
mitting Japanese troop withdrAweis from MAikehtUlAi
It in allowing thin mituation to develop At a time when its survival is de-
ptndent am never before upon foreign support. But the KUomintang is sndangoring
not only itself by itn rash foreign policy; there are indications theA it is
bus to to meat� friction between the United States and 6treat Britain and Russia.
When speedy viotory.-and Any victory at all--domends maximizing of agreements And
the minimizing of 4.iotionn, moh maneuvern amottat to sabotage of the war effort
of the United Vatiom
,gallaallyat earn
Ito moot important present contribution is to allow us..at our own and
fantastio oont..to build and lien air bases in Ohinom
It delayed, perhaps too ion, for moms, to allow forces designated for the
purpose and trained and eqlipped by un to take the off Ivo in West tumult even
though needed to support the Americnn.ChInene campaign in NorthItarma, the pur.
Popo of whiCh is to open a "life-line" into China and facilitate the mutual
landing on the China want. It noyeed to thin action only after long maths of
obstruotion,
It fails to make effective IMO of Americein equipment given to it, an it nlno
haled with earlier Bunnian aupplion. Equipment brought into Chinn ban often
not boon trannportod to the fighting frontn. In other canon it ban beta knuwn
to have boon boardod or diverted to non.military purponen. Ohtna ban dimplayod
"dog.in.the.manger" attitude in regard to equipment oonnigned to Ohina dnd
deteriorating in India for lack of trannportation. It hnii concealed and refuaed
to make available to our forcers boardo of nurplien ouch an gnnolino known to m-
int in China, even when the emergenv wan great and Ohinale oto4 internal) direct.
ly nerved.
It ban connintently refuned, to connolidate and officialy adninintor trona.
portation. In the pant thin reoulted in great lonnon of nupplien in the Jniumm
one capturo of Burma tindWont Amnon: now it in crippling Chinese internal tram.
portation on which military activity munt depend.
It ban allowed military cooporation to be tied up with irrelevant financial
demands which onn only be doncribe an a form of blackmail. It Ma been these
exconnive domande in nrito of the foot that American erpendituren in China
(againnt which there are almont no balancing Chinone rmnonte) continuany add
to the largo Ohinose ',neat egg" of foreign exhivange, which cannot be wind in
China at pm:sant and than conntituten in effect a "kitty" being hoarded for pont.
war MO.
It ban failed to ImDlemont mi'itorv roquiniti ning lnum to notKipt ua in ob-
taining =plias in OhinA and Imo left WS at the ftimmr of conariencnioen nrofitcorm.
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come of whom hAvs boon known to have ofal oonneotione. It hag permitte
the impoeition on VAI, of fantastio prime, made more oo by A wholly unmans.
tic exohange rate, for =tido in some omen origInelly sqpplied, to China
through Amerionn oredito. It seemingly hes Ignored the fact that the
more supplies
In Ito own war effort a pernioiour nna corrupt coneoription syetom which
worko to eneure the eeleotion and retention of the unfite-eince the ablest and
etrongeet ow n either evade ooneortption, buy their wey out, or deeert, It
etexvee and meltreate moot of it troop to the degree that their militery
effeotiveneee to greatly impaired and military eervioe in regarded in the
minds of the people an at oentence of death, At the eame time it ream to
follow the soggeetion that the limy ehould be reamed to the (size that could
be adequtely fed, medion14 cored for, trained and armed. It Vt000 this
refuel on mercenary politioel conadtratione-ethe conoentration on the
continuing struggle for power in China, and the ultimate meaeurament of power
in term o of armiee.
For the eame reaeon it refusee to mobilize it eoldiere end peopLe for
the only kind of wnr which China ie in a poettion to wage effectively.. A
people's guerrilla wer. Perhape our entry into the war hna amplified the
problem of the Nuomintang. Aa afrnAd of the forme within the mantry ito
own people.-ae it in of the Japanooe, it now eeeke to avoid oonfliot with the
Japeneee in order to oonoontrate oh the perpetuation a ite own power,
The condition to whloh it has permitted ito ant1100 to deteriorate ie
ehown moot reoently by the defeat in Tionan, which in due not only to Lace of
heavy firmament but ale� to poor morale and mieerable condition of the noldiera,
alumnae of eupport by the people.--who have been conniptently mietreated, look
of leaderehip, ana prevnlent corruption among the office-ire through eueh prac-
titles ae trode with the occupied areae.
If we accept the obviaun indicationo that the preeent Kuomintang lender-
ehtp does not want to fight the Japanene any more than it can help, we mut
go further end reoognize that it may even eeek to prevent China from boom.
in the battleground for large ooale onmpaigne agninot the Japaneee land
forme. Thin helps to explain the Nuomintangle continued dealiw with the
Japaneee and puppeto. Thun the Kumintang may hope to avert doterm1ne6 Japan,
ene attack, maintain itn own pooition and power, cove the Eaot Chinn homeo of
praatically all of ite officials, and preserve its old economio..industrinl
base in the manta cities.
If Olio analyeis to valid it reveals on the part of the Kuomintang leader.-
-
ehip�whiah means the Oeneralionimo--a wioal dieretArd of the added. coat
of the inimitable proloroltion of the war in American liven and resoutroea.
D. zummarskatax.2anzazt ioies f the RuorLi tar 11....4.2-2,m,katz,
In view of the above it becomes nfirtimant to ask Elk, the Kuomintang hall
loot Ito power of lecIderahip: wiz it neither wishes actively to wage war
ngninet Japan itself nor to manerato whole-heartedly with the American AM
in China; and .tal it hna waned to he oannble of unifying the country.
k
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The mower to all the oe queotione io to be found in the present =Moni-
tion and nathro of the Party, Politically, a olaeoical and definitive Mori-
OgA deourtption benomee ever more true: the Kuomintang ie a cowrie of
cenoervative political cliqueo intereotod Primarily in tho preservation of
their own power naalnet all aateiders and in jockeying for pooition Among
themeolveo, Monomically, the Kuomintang reote on the now base of the
rural gentry-landlorde, the militarieto, the higher rank of the government
blaremoracy, ond merohant-bankero having intimate oonneotiono with the govern-
meat bumuerato, Thie bane ban Actually ontraoted during the kw. The
Kuomintang no longer oommendo, en it once did, the unequivooal support of
Ohinale industrial/eta, who 04 a group Twit been mudh weakened economically,
and hence politionlly, by the Japaneoe oeizure of the oonotal oitteoe
The relation of thin deeertption of the nomintang to the queotiono pro-
pounded above ie clear.
The KUomintang bag loot ite leaderehip bewail� it hae loot WIWI with
and to not longer repreoeutative of a nation which, through the praotioal ex.
perience of the war, in becoming both more politioalbr conoalouo and WO
aware of the Partyle oelfieh ohortoomingo.
It cannot fight an effective war becalm) thio in iwpoonible without
greater roliawo upon and nupnort by the people. There muot be a roleaee of
the nationnl norgy nuch an =wed during 0119 nallq period of the war. Under
preeenteonditienn, thin aan be brought about only be reform of the Party and
greater political demoorany. What form thin democracy taken in not an import-
ant an the genuine adoption of a democratio nhilosophy And aittitado; the
threat of foreign '1 anion ie no longer enough to etimulate the Ohinece poople
and only real reform elan DOW regain their enthuolaom, "But the growth of
democracy, though baolo to Ohinale oontinning war effort, would, to the mind
of the Wumintanglo preeent loadero, torporil the foundationn of title Partyle
power becauoe it would mohn that the connervative (airmen woald have to give
up their oloeely guarded monopoly. RathL 'ion do thin, they !veer to nee
the war rowan In Ito promit o tate of pnanive inertia. They are thuo aanri.
riarkg. Ohinaln nationnl interooto to their own aolfieh ends,
ror oimilar r.moona, the Kuomintan,t,, in unwilling to give wholo,hearted
cooporation to the American Army le effort in China. Full cooperation nocen.
requiron the broad Ohinone military effort which the Kuomintang in
unable to oarry out or mite p000lble. In additton, the nominta4,42: feare
that large ecietie, wideupread and direct contact by Amerionno witli the Ohtneoe
war effort will awnoae ita own inaotivity and, by extample and noTtional con,
tnote, be a 11berni1?.1ng influence.
The Kuorai oaonot unify the country becanne it &rives ita support
from the enonomiomlly and :moth:11y backward Agrarian u031
Theee groups are ineamble of hringiup.: about Ohinala induotrWitation, al.
though they pAy this objective elaborate 11 ervtoe. They are aAeo committed
to the maintenanre of an order whloh by ite very nature fosters narticularlam
anti I.:101sta modern oentralit..atIon. Clountles,i owl be given to allow
the "1 inet..un of the t.arty with the groups that opiloee modernization and induo-
Lrialization.-such ea vonneotiona with Seeohwan wqrlords and milit.vient.
The Knomintant; sees no obj eot 1 on to mai n tat ni ng tho affiftomi t Intt ente of some
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of its oompanent groups in occupied Ohina or in preesrving trade with �coup
pied Ohina, the criterion of whioh io not the national Internet but, its prom
Mobility to the engaging grave. This explains wN7 Free Chines imports
from ooeupiod Ohba =dot largely of luxuries, Against exports of fowl ftnd
atrategio raw untorials. It is therefore not surprising that there are many
links, both politica and tioonomio, between the It'unmintang And the mpot
regime,
10, The present polioies of the ICuomintang seem cortAin of failure; if
that failure results in a ollopme of Ohina it will Iwo consequenoss
trims both to our immediate militory plans and var longterm interest@ in the
Far bet,
The foregoiAg an4yeta IVA shown that the Nuomintang under its present
leaderelft has neither the ability nor desire to undertakeiaprogram.whioh
could energize the war and ohmic the proms of internel disintapNtion,
It preoccupation with the maintenanoo and congolidation of its power must re.,
suit, to the contrary, in acooleration rather then retardation of the to
of ithia disintegration. Unleas it widens it base and ohangea it oharacter
it mat be exploded to ontinne its preaent polides. It will not of it& own
volition toke stepti to bring about this broadening and reform. The oppoalta
will be the OA401 prooisely becaus it has loot popular soport, it ia
dodbling ita effort o to maintoin and monopolize oontrol.
The proseut polioies of the Kiaomintang seam =Win to fail booanse they
run Maar to strong form within the oeuntry and Art) fOr0i4a China into
8tA00 thfte polloies aro not favorable to ufil nor of asolatanoe In the
proseoution of An effective we' by Ohina, their failure woad not of Itself
be disastrous to Amerinan interests. Por many reasons mentioned above we
might waloome tho fall of the Kuomintang if it could immediately t4 followed
by a progressive government ale to unify the oaantry and help us fight Japan.
Zut the donor le that the preeeut drifting and deterioration under the
Toomintang may end in a oollapse. The result would be the creation in China
of A VignIUITI. This would eliminate mly possibility In the near ftlture of uti.
ling China's potential military strength. Because the Japanese end their
mippoo might be able to occupy this vacuum...at munh less cost than by a
major military campaign,it ml!ht also heoome impossible tor us to arploit
OhinolLs flank position and to r.nntinue operating frow Ohineee 'Mew. The war
would thus be prolom,fed nal made more difficult.
Bach a
which would
dispensable
Ohina,
collapse wouldalso initiate a period or interne.). ciaiu InChina
defer the emergenne or atrongs rand ettable owernment an inr.
prcondi Lion for utalrU, ty and order in the Per %et,,
which miht be a minor tweet to ne now, would become major
V. 11).atta.z.19...wever eotive fvfl, oonek....iraot vq,:foroee Nag; cono
the pzev eat tresatl�.9S .the ITuoill.v.A.44.04Liet!Attehl ..rriaact a �,tivioe
avert_th.9.,t1TATtl d
ane
diatintiefted vith lover! Illit5/ I t ttli5
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Party responsible for it, inoluds:
The Tetriotic younger Army offieere,
the smell merchants,
large sections of the lower ranks of the Government burexueragy,
most of the foreignm.returned students
the intelligentsia, including:professors, students and, the pro.,
fessional Classes,
the liberal elements of the Nuomintens, who woke up e. nimble
Ininority under the leadership of such men as SUN 10,
the minor parties and, eporcps, eome of like the National
Salvationiato enjoy israti.preitigip
the Minima Communist party, and .
the inartioulate tut inoreasingly rootless rural poplation,
6
,1 The collective numbers and influence of these groups could be tromodaus,
A nonintan,s �Metal recently admitted that resentment against the present
Kuomintang government in no widespread that if there were free, universal.
election SO of the votes might be cant agninst it. :Out moot of these groups
are nebulous and unorganised,
40'
14;
feeling like the farmer(' ... perhaps only it blind dinlike of conditions am
they are. They represent different classes and varling political belief�
where they have any at ell. They are tending, however, to draw together in
the eonsciounneno of their common interest in the change of the otatuomm.
Thin awakening ana fueion is, of �aurae, oppened by the KuomintaniklaTh every
mann At itn dierpoeal.
The danger, na conditions grow worse, in that some of these groipe mAY
act independently end blindly. The effeet may be to make confusion worn�.
Such might be the once in a military ptdah a pooeibility that ennnet be
disregnrded. The result might be eom-e111�"Ing analogous to the Siam incident
of 1936. But the greater delicney rind preenrieueneme of tho pronent eituatien
would tend 1.tee1f more ennily to exploitation by tha meet reactionary elemente
of the Kneminte.e,-. the ,Ter.neeee or the eupeetn. &oft-1. ;)onnib1li!:1 in the
outbrenk, on n much lnrger scale than heretofore, of unorganized and dieruptive
ffirmorn revolts. A dititurbing phenomenon in the 911parent at now being
made by some of the minority parties to effect n untrringe of convenience with
the provinoinl warlords, nmong the most reactionary and unacrmuloue figures
in Chinese politics and hardly cranndere for a new democracy.
The hopeful eign in that all of thene groupe are agreed that the basic
problem in Chinn todey is political reform towards democreoy. Thie point re.
quire() euphoaie. It is only through political reform that the reeteration
of the will to fight, the unification of the country, the elimination of pro-
vincial wnrlordinm, the solution of the Communist problem, the institution
of economic policies whieh onn avoid collnpue, and the emergency of 4 govern-
meat actually supported by the people a= be achieved. Detworatio reform is
the arum of j.niiitalat.eco-TIonu,=TAn FrWias
It is clear hvond doubt that Chia& u hope for internal people end effec-
tive unity certainly. in OR immediateNtere,�"Atichs for the nolo _of tbo
war MUG 1)0 our rrior uonnlueintien) prof-vilely in tne long-term V W WO-LL
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lies neither with the presentItUomintankes nor with the Coreunists, but in a,
don't:vatic combination of the liberal elements within the country, incauding
thoee within the Kuomintang, and. the probably large section, of the Communists
who iced be willing, by their own. statements and peat actions, to collaborate
in the resurrection of a united front,
�divan the known interest and attitu4es of the Chinese people, we can be
ewe that measures to accomplish the solution of these problems will be =um.
taken in earnest by a broadly-based government. Such a government and only
such a government -- will. galvanize China out of its military inertia by re-
storing national morale throu4i sta.ch means as the reduotion of the evils of
conscription and stopping the maltreatment and starvation of the troops. Such
a government and. only such a government will automatically end bb,e pera-
lyzing internal dissension and political unrest. Such a government and. only
emit a government will undertake the economic meamures necessary to increase
production, establish effective price oontrols, mobilize national resouroes,
and end. corruption, hoarding, speculation and profiteering.
It is of course unrealistic to assume that such a broadly-based democra-
tic government can be established. at one stroke, or that it can immediately
achieve the accomplishment of these broad objectives. But progress will be
made as, and only ae, the government moves toward danooracor.
the 1 h
attitude toward oh
thi
na
sh aLte,..the _Amos
It to impossible to predict exactly how far the present disintegration
in China can continue without spectacular change in the internal situation
and drastic effect on the war against Japan. But we must face the question
whether we can afford 'passively to stand by and allow the process to continue
to an almost certainly disastrous collapse, or whether we wish to do what we
legitimately and practically can to arrest it. We need to formulate a
realistic policy toward China.
A. Theigurcu'econsijalym_____pous of their atRegmet.
sa....atzd Wj.1fo joiaL.seit
We must realize that when the process of disintegration gets out of hand
it will, be to us that the Kuomintang will turn for financial, political, and
military salvation. The awareness of this dependence is the obvious and �or-
red explanation of the NUomintnngle hyper-sensitivity to American opinion
and criticism. The Kuomintang .- and particularly the Generalissimo know
that we are the only disinterested, yet powerful, ally to whom Una can turn.
The appeal will be made to us on many grounds beside the obvious, wel1.
worn, but still effective one of pure sentiment. They have said in the
past and will say in the future that they could long age have made peace
with Japan .. on what aro falsely stated unuld have been favorable terms.
They have claimed and will claim again that their resistance and refUsal to
compromise with Japan saved Ruasia, Great Britain and ourselves .. tgaoring
the truth that our own refusal to compromine with 'Tanen to China's dioadvan.
tege brought on Pearl Hnrbor and our involvement before we were ready. Thqy
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have oomplained and will continua to complain that they have received les,
support in the form of materials than any other major ally forgetting that
they have done less fighting, have not used the materials given, and would
not have hal the ability to use whet they asked for, finally, they have
tried and will continue to try to ley the blame on, va for their difficulties --
distorting the effect of American Amy expenditures in China dad iporing
the fact that these expendltures are only andnor faetor in the whole sorry
picture of the mismanagement of the Chinese economy.
But however far.fetched those aapeals, our flat refusal of them might
have several entarransing effects.
1. We would probably see ,Ohina enter a period of intilrnal Chaos, Cur war
effc:t in this theater uvuld be disrupted, instability in the Par reit
prolonged, and possible Russian intervention attracted.
2. We would, be blamed bi large sections of both Chinese and Americo%
publio opinion for abouldoningn ROA after having; been responsible
for its collapse, (In a measure ms would have brought, such blame
ourselves because we have tended to allow oureelvee to become laden i.
fied not merely with Ohinatut also with the Ituomintang and its poll.
cies. Henceforth it may be the better pert of valor to avoid too
close identification with the ruomintang.)
3. By an apparent abandonment of Ohina in its hour of need, we would lose
international prestige, especially in the Far Vast.
On the other han& if we come to the rescue of the KUDmintang on its own
terms we would, be 'buttressing .. but only temporarily a decadent regime,
Which by its existing
Xt is clear, therefore, that it is to our advantage to avoid a situation min-
ing in Which we would be presented with n Hobson's choice 'between tuo ouch
unpaletable alternatives.
ThelAillallgMLIJIMAILL00.92.1.1412e innumee�
Oircumntancen are rapidly developing so thnt the Genernlissimo will have
to ask for the continuance and increase of our support. Weak as he is, he
is in no position .. end the weaker he becomes the loss he will be nble --
to turn down or render nugatory nny coordinated and positive policy we may
adapt toward China, The cards era all in or favor. Or influonce, intelli.
gently used, cnn be tremendous.
0.
2112,2maz
1. We may give up China no hopeleoe end wash our hando of it nitegether.
2. We muy continue to give =Tort to the Generelienimo, wNin and as
he mks for it.
3, we mny fornallatA a coordinate aad pooitive policy toward China and
take the mammary steps for its impkementation.
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The United. States if it so desired and if it bad a coherent policy,
could play an isportant and perhips decisive Me in
1. Stimu3.ating China to an active part in the war in the Air East,
this hastening the defeat a Jekpoxx.
20 Staving off economic collapse in Mina and bringing about basic
politica, and economic reforms, thus enabling China to carry on the war
and enhancing the chancel, of its orderly post war recovery.
3. Ihnbling China to emerge from the war am a major and stabilizing
factor in poet-war at Asia.
4. Winning a, permanent and valuable ally in a, progresoive, independent
and democratic China.
E'
. . h Mo hi4ti (1-=-2.-921taggeliallp2.9111,21
02._AV" � o a ear om an examinat on of the-baCkrg o the present
iit54fion in China dtd the prow objectives of our policy there.
The first alternative munt be rejected on immediate military grounds ..
but alao for obviouo long-range conaiderationo. It would deprive um of value..
able air bases and pouition on Japanle flaak. Its adoption would prolong
the war. We cannot afford to wash our hands of China.
The results of the oecond alternative .. which, inoofar as we have a
Mina Policy, has been the one we have been and are pursuing .. opeak for
thrmeelves. The adbotnntial financial nesistance we have given China has
been frittered away with negligible if any effect in slowing inflation and
retarding economic collapse. The military help we have given has certainly
not been used to thematic) China's war effort against Japan. Our political
support has been used for the Kuomintnnglo own selfish ritxrponoo nu-id to bolster
The third, therefore, is the only real niternative left to us. Granted
the 'Wootton of the first alternative, there is no longer a question of help.
ing and edvioing China. China itself must request this help and nal/ice. The
pnlx, question is whether we give this help within a framework which makes
pence, or whether we continue to give it in our present disjointed and absent.
minded manner. In the past it has sometimes seemed that our right hand did
not know what the loft was doing. To continue without a coherent and. coot'-.
dinated policy will be dissipating our effort without either China or ourselves
deriving any nnnrociable benefit. It can only continue to create new nroblemo,
in addition to those already troubling us, without any compensating advan,
tamp beyond those of indolent short-term expediency. But moot important !is
the possibility that this haphazerd giving, this servine of short-term tit;tedi.
am, may not be enowt to save the situation: oven with it, China umy con,
tinua toward collepoe.
F. This positive poli y should be political.
The problem confronting us is whether we are to continue ns in the -mat
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to ipore political coneideratione of direct militory oignificance or whether
we are to take aloe: oat of the Jepaneee boOk and invoke even stronger am
inting political forces in China to achieve our militory long-term poll-
tical object/vest.
WI mut seek to contribute toward the reversal of the present movemeat
toward collopee and to the roueing of China from ite militory inactivity.
Tao can be brought about only by an acoelerated movement tuword democratie
political reform within �him Our part must be that of a catalytio agent iA
thio process of Minnie democratization. It ca A be oarried out by the careful
exertion of our influence, whioh hos eo for not been conseiously ox4 syetemee.
timely Use44
III. The " at i n 210.4.9.12.19.e
on. ig,c,,sarro*1JL-rac#4151 and on be -c Jed. a t = diffi
I
1. �
Ate 2agom4ic fineeoe will be re red in the execution of this poligr
in ouch a way ArEIT770575aFT e rong (=rent of genuine nationalism (ma
diatinguiehed from the Oheuvinism of the ftomintang) which Charecterim al-
moet oll oectiono of the Ohineee people. There met be a sensitivity to the
oltuation in China tind the politica chongeo there ao that there can 'be an,
apprepriate and immediate etiffening or ooftening of the meaeurce which Iwo
undertake. Thia tact and eeneitivity will be required not only of the top
polipy directing agency but of all other agonies actuelly implementing that
polipy and concerned in direct relatione with Chinn.
B. There rnut be effect e coordinat on of te ao,.t iip a actions se.
jimerlean.jar,miarat,�wpagicase.o.p.mastiaLIL.,,estiej,=.94,,
The preeent lack of effective cooperation between the varioue Government
agencies .... State, War and eome of the newer nutonomoue organizations .... de.
tracts from the efficient functitoning of each, and weakens American iarluence
when it le moet needed.
It muet be recognized.--nnd It 0.11 be even more the OftLie under the policy
proposed,,that call our iie!din:.,q Oft 01 our activitioa tn C lnii11=
Bali:1,0a to ileation. enordiwati,in IB Absolutely essential for the achieve-
mT�fliftyof767cy and synchroni7.ntion of notion, 'Ets at will
require intelligent nnd forceful direction both in Washington end in Ohiuwicing.
The logical pernon to 000rdinlita activities in CharOting In obviously,
beoause of the broad teepee involved, the Ambassador, imilarly the corrae..
ponding person in Washington might be the Cvdef of the Chinn Section of the
State Department, who would watch the whole field for the President or a ro.
sponsiible Cabinet meMber, Positive nction, of course, Ivortld deDeind on can,
stant end clone consultation, both in Washinelon and in the finld, betwoon
the representatives of the Stnte, Wer, Navy And Treasury Demartments ani the
other fmencies operating in Chinn.
0. Sir" nilVearmr" 9ma.la.:41,...9119111d not 1.11-42.22ied
61thrieo.......ail!.L.
there should be careful selection and
Some measures will be simple and immediately useful, Others should
be deferral until primery e t ei s have been taken, Still others 011 he more
"
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formed or direct 3nd their me will depend on tho RUcmintangis recalcitrance
to Chang� its ways* 4 riost Avoid avoruiplaying or underplaying our hand'
Ds
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a612,44221,111.111.212.241==,20�aragiii
lsjle tivet
ca, op oar present �mollycoddline of Ohinabyt rostroitiog Tend.
Lotto, cutting: down training of Chinese military �Mete, discontinuing
trmining of bhe Ohineme Army, 'bilking a firmer stand in the finanoiel neva.
tiationss or stopping the shipment of gold. Any or All of these r(etrictive
mammas can be reversed an the Generalissimo ond tho nomintang become more
000perative in =trying on military operations, using equipment And training
mooned, being roaspnable on financial questions, or allowing um Ireedom in
much military roquiremontm as omtablishing contact with tho Oommnist areas,
(b) stop building up the Generalissimo's and the KUomintangis prestige
internationally and In the United States, %loll 'Taos" nerves only to bolster
tho mime internally and to harden it in its prasent polioies,
pion of Ohina am ono of the liBig Four" served A umoful purpose in the may
ntage of the wAr rind, as a counter to JoDanase raoiAl propasconda but has now
it Ito junbifiontions.
WO mike foolm of mani ourmelves_hy ootiono am tho attention given to
the ngless utternnoes of OUJ lieruellmfen ma u apokosmnn of Chinese labor
and the prominance Awarded to �him In the Xnternationa.4 LaLor �Moe Oone.
forma*, Our tondency toward ovorlocvish praise is rsgArtted by tho Mines�
AO a mign of either mtupidity or we@knsoss
Abandonment of 6Lib genoralitios for hard.hended reallom in or tti.
We toward Ohina will be quiokly mtderstood.without the reoentmeint that
would probably be felt againot the TOthiohs Wo on make it clew thnt pram,
will be elven when praioe to due.
(o) otqrmaking unnonditional And gr andl000 promioep or holp along ouch
lineo in rNtUtA,post.war eoonomio sAds nna politioal pport. Wo emn meiko
it clear without havinkt to be very explioit that wo otanl ready tc help China
when Ohino ohowo itgoif deoervinR. This ties int:it Lilo more vooitive phame
of publioity and propaganda to the of roots for inotanoes that Amor loan Not.
war cloommio nid will not be extended to build up monopoliotio enterprise or
comport tho I jfl,or .pntry olnmo but in the interooto or a demomatie PoePltt4
(d) Dioeontinum our prosent notivo oollnborntion with Ohineos, oedrot
polio() orehni?Attono, whioh ountiort thrs foroeo of reaction and otond for the
opposite of our Amerionn dmmoormtio nirmo and idoalos Thio collaborations
which reoalto in thm efrootive otrongthening of n Gostan4.111ce orptnisations
io booming inaronoingly Wnown in Minn. It confuses and disillmeons Wow*
liberalo, who look to uo as oleir hoptis and It weakono our pooitLon with the
ICttotantnite, bddro in proottim for dounoratto Wormy
13 ItiltAVOI
A Tignovornmont offlolnlo in oonveroutiono with Ohinmftet londarn in
WM.ohInton anl In China oan mnico known oar intoreot in UnglartitV And unity
in Mina and our diooetiteantion with prmoont Knomintnne, finftneinl
tind other .polloins. 3nob outvvotiono will bamr Armut wolght It ory eemio
irom n0 Peslaent tua ndvont vm Nut ho tnkmn of nnt,ortqatioe eturh mo trio
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4,4
visite of Vice President Wallace to China, and (LH. King to the United Statee.
A. wogresetve stage can be questions or statemente by members of Congrees re-
garding affair� in China.
(b) We ehould take up the repeatedr.but usually inaincere-requeets of the
Kuomintang for advice. lf advisors are asked for, we should see that they
are provided, that good mon ars selected, and thnt they gpt all posstble aid
and support from Va. While the nuomintang will be reluctant to accept the
advice we may give, its more reiteration will have some effect,
(o) We should seek to extend our influence on Chinese opinion by every
practical. =inns available.
The Office of War /formation shoul& go beyond it present function of
reporting Anarican war news to pointing up the value� of democracy as a per-
manent political vett= and as an aid in the waging of war against totalitari-
aniem. We should attempt to increase the dissemination in China, by radio
or other more direct mama, of constructive American criticiem. This sbould
inolude recognition and implied encouragement to liberal and propxeeeive
forcee within Minn. Onre ehould be taken to keep *la criticism on a sqelpful,
conetructtve and objecti.ve plane and to avoid derogatory attacks which may
injure Chinon� nationalistic eoneitivitiee. To do thio work, there may have
to be some expamion of the OAI. in China and of our propaganda directed
toward thie country,
A eecend lino is tile active expansion of our cultural relations program.
The present diversion..bynemintang wish -to technical subjeoto should be
rectified end reater emphasis laid on eonial (mimeos, cultural, and prao.
tical political subjects such as American government ndministration. We
should increase our aid and sup.port to iAtellectuale in Chinn by the many
means alrendy explored, nue) an aid to resenrch in China, translation of
articles, nnd opportunities for study or lecturing in the Dhitod States..
Other, more indirect lines, are the expansion of our American Foreign
Service representation in China to now localities (since eaoh office is in
some measure a center of American influence anti contnot with Chinese liberals
and returned students from the United S Mos) and the careful indootrination
of the American Army peroonnel in China to create, by example and their ntti.
tude toward Chinese, favorable impressione of Merlon nM the things that
Amerina atanen for. Where contact botwenn.Amerinnn and Ohi_notio military per.
Donnel hao been clone, au in Mullin, t1v- retnilt, 111i0 ''r' ti lotle.
cratizine: influence.
(d) hte ediould assist the education of public) opinion in 00 United Stntes
toward a reallstic but constructively sympathetic attidude townrd Chinn.
Tho most obvious menir.i would be making bytekrround information available, in
unoffiolal way, to responsible politio41 commentntors, ,,ritern and research
workers. Without action on our pnrt, their, writings win beclmo knows, to
Chinese Governmont circles and from them to other nelitically minded groups.
We should, =stover, coordinate this .4th the' activity desoribed in the section
above to promote dissemination in Chinn.
(0) We ohnuld, maintain friendly mil Mono teitl thr 1tbcrI Memento in
the Tuomintang, the minor parties. anti Via Conumtniet,o. This clan,-8,1 shollid
for its maximum effect...1m done in an open abovo-bemrd manner. The rePogni.
tion whioh it implies will be soinviv umierst,od hy the Chinotio.
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FUrther eteps in this direction could be publioity to liberole, suoh as
distinguished intelleotuale. When possible they may be included in considers.
tion for Madge honor or awarde, given recognition by being asked to par.
tioipato in, international commiasione or other bodiee, 4nd invited to travel
or leoture in the United, Stntes, livery effective action of this toe would
be in an invitation to Warne Sun Tat.sen from the White Now�.
We should eeleot men of Unown liberal viewe to repreeent r5 in OWI,
oultural relations, and other lines of work in Mina,
(f) We ehould continue to fallow aa interest in the Ohinese Oommuniste,
Thie includes contaot with the Oommuniet representatives in OhnnOing, pit).
lioity on the blockade and the eitaation between the two parties, and con.
timed preesure for the digpetch of observere to North China. At tbol
time we elaculd streee the importance of North China militarily..for intent.
once regarding:Japanese tattle order, Japaneee air etrength, whether report.
ing boMbiAg data and damage meet:lament, and nir crew evasion and rescue work.
We &load oonoider the eventual advance of active operations against the
japanese to worth China and the question of assistance to or cooperation
with Oommanist and guerrilla forces. If our reasonable requests bases on
urgent military grounds do not receive a favorable response, we shruld send
our military observers anyway,
(g) We should consider the training and &piping of Provincial or other
armies in China in oases where we can be Battened that they udll fight the
Japaneee,
(h) We should continue to press�end if necessary insist...on getting
American observers to the actual fighting fronts. We should urge, and when
possible assist, the improvement of the condition of the Chinese soldier, es-
pecially his treatment, clothing, feeding, awl medical care.
(i) We should publicize titatements responsible government officials
indicating our interest in Chinese unity tmd our attillude toward sueh
ques�
tions as the use of American annalos by tha Kuomintang 'in a civil
war. It is interestieg, for instance, that UtAlor-Seorotary Welles' letter to
Browder regarding American interest in Chinese uility was considered so in.
portant 'by the Wuomintang that, ylublication in China was nrohibi,ted.
This program, is, of course, far from complete. Other measures will
occur to the policy agency (did will suei!ast themselves as the situB.tion in
China develcne.
11. aapt of those IlletAtillrOrs r/s,14.1.o ravlieo p.roeressivelz.
This in true, for instrince, o' tho various negative actions Buggesterd,
and of the conversations, etatemant,s, nna other linos of ensionvor to tn.
fluence public cninion in Chinn. A, nlnnned &,etivit
.y of oncoaragoM6nt and
attention to liberals. Minor Party leaders, ond the Communist can advance.
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- 17 .
7, Alilleeztant jaLt34,Amt Laa.jadtadjuLbael
4126.3aimaitna. jaL,9aly.zztjaaz.sfjifayaaaprr.,
What in needed ohiefly is an integration, oyetematio motivation and
planned expansion of acttvities in which we are already, perhgps in moms
oaten unconeciouely, engaged. We do, for instance try to maintain contact
with a liberal arms; we have uprooted the desire to send observers' to the
Communist area: we have. anac cultural relations program; And the OW/ spas
made (some attempts irilcopagandize American democratic ideals,
in Chime aftdm,
/t muot be admitted that some of the measuren proponsd woad involve
taking more than normal interest in the affair� of another noveraica ngttion,
But they do not go no far as to infringe on Chinese eoveraignity. If we choose
to make lend.lenne conditional on a 'bating war effort by Ohba, it is also
China's freedom to refuse to accept it on these conditions. We do not go noar.
ly as far as imperialiotio countries have often done in the past, We *viola,-
ly do not, for instance, suggest active aseintance or nasidizing of rival
parties to the 'Kuomintang .. as the Russianu did in the case of the Oomnunists.
FUrthermore, tha Chinese Government would find it difficult to object.
The Obineoe have abuoed their freedom to wopagandize in the 7.1nited States by
the statements and writings of audh men as Lin Yoritang. They have also, and
through Lin Tu.tang, who carries an official passport as a, representative of
the Minato() Government, engaged in "cultural relations" work. They have free.
ly criticized American policies and American leaders. And they have attempted
to dabble in American polities .. through Madame Ohlkang, Luoe, Wilkie, and
Republican congreosmen. They have had end will continue to have freedom to
try to influence ptblic opinion in the United Statem in the came way that we
1411 try to do it in Ohina.
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TO' Judge No F. Allman
moms Hugh W. Bradley
OUBJWOTs Commente on Memorandum on China
A. akteaultjaLatimapjaz
013
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.4aPA'60011iito*AM
Auguat 9, 2.944
Writer raile to mention that the &Let being what it ie, home of
compromise, the Japanese expected, prior to outbreak of Paoitic lar,
that flame form of compromine agreement between.Ohunaltift, Naticirts and Japan
woull finally be reached. Definite @tope in thin direotion hnd been taken,
comprining formation of a lau Ohineee party. Ae long ago au ppring of
1941 I wan approached in MACAO by a former oftioial of the Salt Gabello
who informed me in above twee and mid that varioue high offleials not
then definitely committed to either Chungking or Nanking were abut to
"come out" - from temporary private life. Thee() ()Malan were to
announoe puoh a third party, invite higher pereonageo of the rival regime
to atop amide, and maks eatable oriental provieion for high honorable
poete for both Chiang gai Mich and %fang Ohing Wei. The object of the
viait to myeelf wao to eound me out ae to my willingneee to accept appoint-
ment from nuoh third party ae I.O. of Cuotome for south Central, South
and Ipouth Xaet China. In other worth!, aouthern rather than northern Chineee
influence wile Andloated,
b. Oanorally concur. Writer, however, oeuminE.ly overlooke, or ikt una.-
ware, that the writ of Central Ouvernment - and of General Chiong Kai Dhek -
hae alweye boon weak in pouthern ureae. Yor example, a Nil:KIWI, proclama-
tion uf Oaneral chiung, enjoininE compliance with Central Covernment Cuctome
rube on importe wao valueloae taller-Jo oupportea by ft correeponding proclama.-
tion of the leett1 general.
can 014)0,411y oupport mtetomonLe roairding ueneralioalmo'e leaninge
toward Chen brahore, termed "roPetienary Lind unpopular." it le to be
remembered, however, that Generalioeimo 'e knowledge of tnglieh io prac-
tically "nil" and hie uoquaintance with foreign countrieea mirao quantity.
The etIMO holds true In 04o00 of muny of hie poreonal friende of long etand-
ing. Alpo, many Chine ee of both older ana younger uchoole ore dEifinitely
Oppeeod to different manifeoLatione of "modern" (4uropean-Amorican) 111*o,
e.g. eemi-14uropoan dreee, mixed 1:artiec involving drirkin, eccentric
danceo, otos. I have been poroondally told by a private eecretury of a
Provincial governor (the aeoretary wao a returnad utudent from America)
that, after the war, a pound knowledge of Cbine06 and etWerul tulo of Chin000
ointhee woad be much more valuable in official life than a eeoming veneer
of weetern edueation.
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Throughout China, and in all Oovernment oohoole, oommunie,ic
literature ie widely read. I hAve hoard Mince� off:Were - At partiee whore
wino wig a motivating force P, denounce the Kung predominance and hint at
draetio'remedial meanureo ao 000n au tho war wao over.
Conooription lawn in China are largely a farce. It io etill the
poor farmer or coolie who io caught in the drag-net.
Fs Concurs
It io pertinent to point out that China hail definitely become a
U. 8. "baby", The Britioh have never been entirely carried away by Chinon.
propaganda and are generally oceptioal of Chincee ability:to maintain in-
ternel unity after the war. They have been irked by the flood of advice
ae to how to deal with India in particular and Aoiatico in genoral. They
will not throw oand In any machinery we may gee fit to employ to oolve
the China problem ao a whole. Neither will they be quick to moknowl.dge
that ouch maohinery le effeotive. Thoirpolley will be "wait and nee."
Meanwhile they will devote attention to what, for them, are more urgent
mattere.
The Rueelano are under no Chineoe illusione whatsoever' Their
Asintio experience cover more than a thousand years and many �Rueniana in
high poeition aro Aaiatio or seml-Asiatio' They are well acquainted with
the Eastern law that applioe from coolies up to Governmental "beat or be
beaten." Temporarily, they may be In a frame of mind to allow words mid
theoriee to have a brioC inning. But if China does fall into oonfuoion it
i.e very likely that Ruoeia hfte it own plane of direct qction to meet thftt
aituation.
ki
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AMERICAN PROPAOANDA AND POLICY ..1N UNOCOUPIA) efl1NA
Judging Prom evidence in the puhli n sources of 1.,n 'for-
mation in provincial Chino--the bnnin of jndcamont for most of
the interested Chinese in unoccupied territory--American atti-
tude and policy towards Chinn remoin an follows: our attitude
in one of grant ancva04t141Ing admiration Lecnune of the seven
yenra or reninance, nnd our polit,y in nummad up in the promise
thnt because of pant performance Amorioa is gain!, to give China
fiverythinf, she needs, not only to drive out the Japnnese but to
build }lemma!' Into a mojor pon�;wor power.
Wl.th the attitude and policy J hove no quarrel. The
seven years' resistance is indeed ndmirnble nnd the strengthen-
ing of China must be a basic point in any practical and docent
American plan for an early Japanese defeat and a successful peace
In the Orient.
I woull like to auhmitt however, that the way in which
our attitude anu policy ore now 1,e1w, presented to the ,Thinose
puhlie is not only unhelpful to our ai-n, hut In cl,twJ ).y de-
trimental, ho Lb to ournolvon aLd to ',.;hinn.
Th(1 pronent Chinese at to the war a plixtu..e of
pnsnive�spoctatorts�intorent in the lAar outside nina, plus
p.rent lor-)dom with�and Inuirferoheo to�the war Inn 1(40 :$41-41.
Thin ottithde was evident oven ',afore the Pueirie war, more
and more attention ii rid onor,.v orninin!, away from tlie i.11 ...Anted
local war, turtitnr back toward private and npeeial intorints.
After tho Incific lur ho 'tin, the assullption arose that tpv:anne
of the yeal�n oC nut .lo-hanwau war, 'hIha couid now nit Hack anu
pnes'vely wait. Coy victor:. anc.; Its :ch(Jrits; interosts oner-
, ion turnec farther awn% rom hina 9 wn Vflr. 'ocelntly, since
thfl nows ':,he Allies han and %HI !r-
ermine of Aworican ritenrth It, $ !,01
conridolice in a uic%rr.: rot; (II. Li �fl � 1 ti pr fiti0P1 I rair,
Ides in v.ar-orinion,
rhtit, ii rt 1116 0 i i1 I I an 11,!,
choice )OCv', fl spooLnLcr ra
that the clInIC.1"; rust, almost crts I. I: �� nr, La I ti�e.f/LI
a sorious harc,icap to her Alnul. ! o
Ar:-:� I In sci ol rot-R. y had V I ttl pr.! c ; I a I I r �r Ls !,( t-
tempi; to oxpl oil ank.: so or L to .;.!
strens-th aryl a 1'o''f' 4.831,e, Ur I.
attitude is allowr. tc contiru-.
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Present American propaganda polioies of unqualifiod praino
and unqualified promisee for Ohina hot only allow, but have been
an important raotor in building up, Chinoso complaoence with its
attendant disadvantages. ny overemphasis on our own otrongth
and goodwill, we are working directly counter to What must be
our primary aim, In Ohing--the devolopment ot� the country into a
useful pertner againat Japan and a responsible ally after the war.
Not only aro wo cutting down the amount of' praotical coop
-
oration we can got for the war, but; we are harming China by oon-
tributing to tlw Impression that China need not trouble too much
over her military, economio and political wooknesoes, boeause her
difficlaties will all be solved by what she gots from uo after
the war. Wo aro also fostering 4 typo of ehauvinistio nmtional
conceit; linda confident expoetaUlon or unearned postwar' benefits,
whioh can make Chinn a diftioult noighbor in the postwar period.
1 do not know wh, we adopted such a policy but suppose
It was in the holier that China needed great oncouragement if
she Woo to continue the war, nlao aaaungement bocause at previ-
ous. Amorican mid to Japan. It Is not nocossary to continue it
for either reason. The Chinese are thoroughly eonvinced that
the Allies will win and only a major Japanese offennive in China
or economIc collapse could force them off the handwaron--both
thoao oventunlition are pretty well out or propayandOn lold of
romody. Our main problem now ia how tio 1 e1p mako tho most of-
rootivo Iwo of Chinn Car t; be Common aim oe our two countries.
To that end, I would liko to suiroTint throe) wnyn in which
our proparAndm bo modiried or atiVronod, or jut3t macie to I ick
elosor to the racts.
1.) Prank dorinition or Amorionla aim In the war In the
��� ��� 4.� w� ���.��.���������� cer������-� ���� 41�MMICMIOVAPON�A�pamo-vm.��aok.
until we have some spoolrio statemeW. alout
pont-war alma to 011-w1ry ruture Intentions, we shoul.., make
IL !lath that we aro rIghtino. out here, not primarily to
"heap inn", hut to defout jnpan. fLis is the rirst step
111 jino-Amorl-nn rciatio:in on a r0011Stic 114013
O. mutuld anIf-interent, the :irst stop in clonrinl. the
air or vague talk about IntnrraltIonul admiration tart future
amity and In ,ottinv down to speclrio discussion al,out
present-day cooporation.
Jac-a nun
Our prosent monimcuthadness thin nub-
t"-'.and lu--unad a):ainst us 1.y iltn onamy since
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it is obvious that if we were willing to no to war to
"help China", we would have been fighting years before
Pearl harbor. There is very litle the enemy propagandists
can do with the flat statement that we are fighting to
defeat Japan, particularly an the physical evidence of
our intentton accumulates. Admittedly this makes a nega-
tive political line for us, but I do nok see how the
present unexpressed state of our post-war intentions
allows us any other accurate one.
2.) Vrankor and fuller treatment of AmerLaa.20.1ala
viaatajkLmar in the Orient)particulajay_aLpplAa.
affectinr China
base this auggestion on the assumption that
American policy must veer away Cram that of pampering
(Mina, or special groups in China, as soon as increased
rican military activity in this country makes increased
practical cooperation ,more ur7ent.
The recent agreement whereby the American Army
was allowed to stop payina ilor its purehases in 'old at
the ofilicial exchange rate seems to have boon a step in
this direction, and the complete sllenco in rio -hinese-
len .uncre press rancerniH It in on oxamplo or the kin of
news treatment it would 'o ,:rinira:)1,1 to nvoid. I know
nothiwr or the data or back -round or this t -,reement hut
cannot i -ine how a well-planned coverer() of the news
that the American Army In -hina had finally eon put oa
a lore sensible Cinancial noir! co1i1(; ')(1 anythin :ut
ood news Cor ) oth 1/4411na Ond America. ;t woulC oertaii-
ly have provided a rood mann of inuicatin- to tha ,;hinose
public that there will a more to winnin�r this Ivor Olen
actual combat, that l. ii ..00peration oypocted of ,11.1111
will take many Corms.
prom what 1 have learned of the opiniors of
Ameri,san civil and military officials In Mina, a ood
deal of consideration is now both!): rive, at least in
official circles, to the handicaps the militar';, economic
and political altuationa In -bine offer to offset her
peorTaphic advanta-e as tho v!ost conveniont route for
the attack on Japan. In .'ontrast., our propaank.la -ives
no inklinir that nrythi.! In rontomplateu exPetst a inrd-
ino. in China, to "help :hi-n", 11,)ki (Irlve Le ninnor!e
all out of the -ountr. 1. 1 r I 0 r " t I. r- I 3 A.
inrS would have a salutnr: Lho onrro.,t o-pla-
(Once. 1 think n LvIt Is
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joot for Ohinao Tho only nowo AvAllAble Aro tho
oommuniquon whioh Aro inaamplobop delayed and poorly-
propontod, And oaaAolonAl otorloo Vrom tho foroign awn
mpondontop writton for tho homo Audionoo, Oomo of tho
AmoriaAn nowo in Ohlnn And a good doAl or it from L.-A-1mA
lo put out no "Alllod nativity" by UonbrAl Now, Wig
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to our boot intoroot Alnoo lb tondo to iMOINIARO rAbhor
tlAn modify oompinoonae About Ohinolo proopooto durint: aid
After the wire
A full oovernAo of Ameriofin nativity in thin
bhontree pr000ntinFA Tho 1401WVIMAn1 AA W011 nO tho high-
Ughta, tho diffioultleo no well op the Auhlovomontop
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to) tit Lihinomo puhlio i ldArriv p1 Lure or wt Uinci
A WArUhlo in, what it w113 LgUti to win it. And what
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APPO fI\1114 NI PUBL. I $HCD $O THAT W I THDRAW AL SUPPORT OW I OUSL Y NOT
ON PER3ON/1 GilOUNDS, t REQUEST YOU INFORM tiCKERMAN UWCTING H I M
AUTUORZ MLFOAE AUGUST 19 TO ANNOUNCE NDEF IN ITE ION'
SCHOOL ON ROUNDS WAS 'S END1 AND INEV I T ABLE SHIFTS OOVIUINMENT AND
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ESSE NT I AL. WE HAVE WORD BY 19TH, NEW SUIWEOT RI Q I LBEIRT lig tASELre
IN I L $ON tril tiLL 14IF:MEM1.3ER G I LEIF. FIT SPOKE TO HIM ABOUT HIS WIFE: AND
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AT A CONFERENCE TODAY GENERAL OLMSTEAD SMO THAT IT ?AS
THE THEATER'S HOPE AND DES IRE THAT VIE DO NOT CONT INUE VI :.114 THE
JOURN ts, PROJECT NOR RETURN TO THE CHINA THEATER THE 3
NROOTE TO THE STATES,
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
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HEIVNER TO KNOLLENBERG. INFORMATION: WHITTAKER.
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VERY CAREFUL CONSIDERATION ''rtS BEEN GIVEN YOUR 07359
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PROMISED US VACATIONS, GILBERT IS LEFT ALONE AND HE WILL BE ABSENT
MORE OFTEN THAN NOT. TO USE STEVENS TO ASSIST WOULD PROBABLY RESULT
IN BLOWING COVER.
IT MAY BE THAT THE THING TO DO IS APPROACH TONG, FRAINKO
REQUESTING THAT HE SENO REPORTERS INTO THE FIELD FOR PURPOSES VOU
DESIRE. HE MAY OBJECT BECAUSE HE FEARS CROSSING UP TAI LI OR BECAUSE
THESE STUDENTS ARE SECRETLY TRAINED AND EARMARKED FOR KUOMINTANG
PROPAGANDA AFTER AMERICAN LANDINGS.
IF YOU AGREE, I THINK BEST THING WOULD BE TO AWAIT
IMMINENT ARRIVAL OF 109 WHO COULD DISCUSS MATTE A WITH TONG PERSONALLY.
TOR: 1010 28 JUNE 45
IT IS PORDIDDEN
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GENERA L DONOVAN
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WOR
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#13759. TO MAWOI, CHUNGKING* (OUT15047,
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KNOLLENBEAG TO WHITAKER AND HCPPNER ONLY
WE WISH TO INCREASE INTELLIGENCE FLOW FROM COWIN, BELIEVE
THIS COULD BC DONE BY USING CHUNGKING REPORTER AS COVER* STUDENT
OR GRADUATE REPORTERS SHOULD OE tWOURAGED TO TURN IN STORIES
AND DOCUMENTS. AS WITH ANY PAPER, MUCH MORE RECEIVED THAN
PUBLISHED,' RESIDUE SHOULD PROVIDE MUCH VALUADLE INTELLIGENCE*
2 MAIN SOURCES WOULD BE FROM INTERVIEWS IN CHUNGKING OF PERSONS
COMING mate AND FROM REPORTERS IN FIELD. IN ADDITION TO
PATRIOTIC URGE, SUGOEST SMALL SCHOLARSHIPS TO INDUCE STUDENTS
TO GO INTO FIELD* UUDOCT FOR 1945-46 PROVIDES ;moo Fon
SCHOLARSHIPS TONG EXPECTED TO USE THIS TO SEND STUDENTS TO
STATES BUT UNDERSTAND GENERALISSIMO FROZEN SUCH, EIEFORE*HE
CHANGES MS MIND AND AS ALTERNATIVE TO SAVE TONG'S FACE,
SUGGEST THIS MONEY BE USED FOR FIELD SCHOLARSHIPS. Emil
STUDENTS =Am ANO WORK IN CHINA.
ACKERMAN WILLING TO MAKE THE $5,000 AVAILABLE THROUGH US
TO BAKER OR OTHER APPROPRIATE CHANNEL PROVIDED MONEY USED FOR
FIELD 80HOLAIISHIPS0 WILL ALSO PAY TONG 050000 IN JUNE INSTEAD
OF JULY 0'48 OR PROMISED, FOR FIRST INSTALLMENT SCHOOL
EXPENSES. ACKERMAN HAS ACTUALLY DEPOSITED 0100000 WITH US WHICH
WILL in FORWARDED TO YOU WHEN REQUESTED.
ACKERMAN FEELS GILBERT ONLY MAN IN CHINA AULE FULLY TO
IMPLEMKNT ABOVE DESCRIBED INTELLIGENCE FLOW. FEELS THAT 'GILBERT
HAS SUCH CONFIDENCE IN YOU THAT YOU WOULD OE ABLE TO INDUCE HIM
TO DO JOD. BELIEVE THIS Wm WILL NOT INTERFERE WITH GILBERT'S
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ADVISEQ
FROM WILSONS ABOVE APPROVED DY 109 WHO PROD BLY TROUGHT
IT HAD UEEN SENT OEFORE HE CABLED IN ANSWER YOUR 7257*. 1
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INTERESTED PARTIES* 109 ADVISED MC THAT HE HAD MADE FULL OlSw
i1120SURE TO WEDEMEYER OF SCHOOL AND ITS CONNECTION WITH OSS.
60#000 FOR NEXT 501100L YEAR*ALREADY PAID AND WILL NOT COME
UT YOUR NEW BUDGET; HOWEVER, THIS CONTEMPLATES ARMY TRANS
PORTAT ION FOR' MEN. COULOWT THEY COME TO STATES BY AIR AND
RETURN BY SEA STARTING IN TCME'TO OE IN CHINA FOR FALL lum?
IF SO, ORDCR3 SHOULD SO PROVIDE.
4KUNM1NG WASHINGTON #13(387 (01.16594)
TOOW57 24 JUNE 45 TQ
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81JE3tROT IR ORADUATII SCHOOL OF JOUANALISNI ONUNOKIN30
OONERAL WEDEMEYER HAS $TATED HE WILL AUTHORIZE AIR TRANSPORT
TO US FOR !) MCN OomeERNED ouV DuC TO unnWAVY ComMITMENTS GAINNoT
kJ� WU NOT AUTHORIZE: A ROUND TRIP DY Aini WITNOLU MEANINO TO
INK PREOUMPTIOUS, I WOULD LIKE TO SHOOEOT THAT THIS PURNISNEn A
SPLENDID OUT Fon TiI; wHOLE PROJECT WHIM rROM my OWN OCSERVATIONS
AND OHOERVAIIONS OF OTHERS INTERESTED HMI PRODUCE() NOMIN0 TANOI
ME FOR 093 OA 111C IA WAR Marro WHETHER IT HAS, IIA0 ANY INTAMI-
MX Cer-cT$ ON $14O-AWRIOAN RELATIONS I AM NOT IN A posirtoN To
OTAM AP IN WITHCUT MEANINO TO 01: PrauMPTcOu$ I LIHOUtO LIK TO
AY THAI I AM VERY 00NanNED OvEn TM CHINA THCATO RONEY ropl
COMINO YEAR AND NAVE BEEN EXPERICNOINO SOME OLCFPLESS NIOHTS
WORRYINO ABOUT WHETHER WC To CARRY OUT THE provinAm WHICH HAS OECN
on
81T F tal Fon COMINO YEAR NONE or FORCOOINO APPLIES TO RODNCY
OIMIT WHO iS DOING A PLC IU MO 400 ON DAMAO PAOJeDT* WHEN'
YOU RCA� THE REPORT OF rrs RCSULTS I KNOW YOO WILL OE OIELIOHTIOI,
FINALLY. IN RETURNINO THESE 3 MEN WC 0= 0 WITH OIMOULTY HAVE
THEM TRANOPOnTED FREE AS ACIONOTS OF AM PnOvIDIN0 WE mAKrA
FuLLcn DISCLOSURE ANO JUSTIIPIOATION TO:110AM KADQUARICRS4 DO
YOU THINK THIS DESIRAOLE oll WOULD YOU qATNEA PAY THE COST OF
THEIR TIIANSPORT TAKINO INTO ACCOUNT YHE EvilowNOT OF OUR Moo
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ONO; MAWDI; CHUNGKING (OUT 14444)
fI66670 CHAFX, KUNMING (0yT 440)
SECRET
SECRET
10 TO HEPPNER ONLY
WILL YOU PLEASE DELIVER THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE FROM ME TO
WEDEMEYER PERSONALLY: WHEN I VIAS IN CHUNGKING I TALKED MTH RICHARD
BAKER, ANTHONY DRALLE AND FLOYD Do ROGERS WHO ARE LOCATED AT
THE CHUNGKING PRESS SCHOOL. I BELIEVE THAT THE WORK THEY ARE'DOING
IS SIGNIFICANT AND A DISTINCT CONTRIBUTION TO THE WAR EFFORT. I
BELIEVE THAT AS IT PROCEEDS IT WILL OECOME EVEN monE IwPoRNT AN
m D
I AM STRONGLY CONVINCED THAT IT CAN BE mo PRECISELY DIRECT
TOWARD THE COMMON GOOD. WHEN I TALKED WITO,TNESE MEN WE EXCHANGED
THE HOPE THAT THEY COULD RETURN HERE AT THE END or THE TERM JUNE
0 AND THEN RETURN TO THE THEATER ON SEPTEMBER 15, I WOULD Or
COURSE ADVISE YOU OF THE PROGRESS OF DISCUSSIONS WITH THEM HERE.
YOU WILL RECALL THAT I DISCUSSED THIS PROoECT wiTH YOU ON MY LAST
VISIT OuT IT IS TOO MUCH TO HOPE THAT YOU CHARGED YOUR MEMORY WITH
MY STATEMENT THAT I HAD TOLD THESE MEN THEY COULD COME HOME FOR A
REST IN THE UNITED STATES. FOR THAT REASON I WANT YOU TO KNOW THAT
I RELAIZE HOW DIFFICULT TRANSPORTATION IS BUT I THINK THIS STEP
WOULD BE WELL WORTH TAKING AND WOULD JUSTIFY THE SPACE GIVEN,
SINCE IT WOULD NOT ONLY ENABLE THESE MEN TO RECOPERATE BUT WOULD
COMPLETELY REVITALIZE THE EFFORTS OF THE SCHOOL.
TOO; 1405 03 JUNE 1945
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NIXORODUld
TO s General Donovan
FROM s Coseender H. W. Ant4iU1 PPB
SUBJEOTs Mrs* Mar4orie Coleman Baker
e'������tr
7 ohms 1945
to, C317� A
rjes
4.-4 44.1 4-0
1, Mrs. Baker's appointment has been processed
up to the point of requesting her to report for duty. This
appointment was in tares of a secretarial position in Chung-
king in which she was interested. In view of the current
from on the sending of in to China, she was inforaed on
6 Alm that her case would he referred to your *Mos for
advice* It was suggested to her that she night enter on
duty in Washington to 'nit further developments. This some*
inadvisable sinoe she has a good position in Now York CUT.
Her husband is expected to leave China for the United States
late in jun. and is expected to return to China in the autumn.
211 Please advise.
B. Ir, Antall
Lieut. Commanders USWR
Pereonnel. Procurement Branch
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AFTER CONFERENCE WITH OILDERTA t WISH TO SUBMIT FOLLOWINO RECOM-
MENDATIONS* WOULD APPRECIATE YOUR ADVICE AND CONFIRMATION, BEFORE I
LEAVE APRIL 100 SO I CAN MAKE COMMENTS HERE AND AT COLUMOIA UNIVERSITYq
REGRET oluoTts WITHDRAWAL. OUT AM 0 ATIFIED MC WILL REMAIN
AS UNSALARIED OCAN-COUNSFLOR*0 OUR PRO1ESSORS4* WILLING REMAIN 3R0 YEAR
AND COLUMBIA DESIRES CONTINUE ITS REsPONSIBILITY AND suptnyinioN UNTIL
JUNE 30 NrxT YLAR0 SUBJECT TO ANOTHER RCNkWAL IF YOU OSH.
FOR NEW YEAR WE WILL ReQuInE 1:160$000 PAYABLE TREASURER, COLuMBIA*
OF THIS SUM 025 000 WILL OE FOR sAIARIES FOR 4 PROF SORE;. RECOLLIENO
TONG RE.CEIVE 4000 PAYABLE AS F N K
OILOWS! 00000 DEPOSID IN NEW YOR
FOR SOMOLARSM P Frn GRADUATES OF CMuNoKING 8011001. AND e;:!0.000 IN CURRENCY
PAYAULE TO OILIART IN 4 INSTALL:EN1S AuGUST 1ST,. NOVEMUER IIT0 FEBRUARY
1ST AND ApnIL 1ST. OALANCE WILL COVER.NEW'YO1K ADMINISTQATIvE EXPENSES
OF $60000 AND CHUNKING EXPENSCS ?Jf. t4A0000
I WILL 14ECOMIEND TO FRESIDENT OUTLER OE APPOINTED (Sic)
ASSISTANT'DEAN ANO ACADEMIC PROMMIONS TO ASSOCIATE PROFESSONSHIPn
FOR DAKERA DRAILLE. ROOERSo OMER V.' ILL HECOM ABHINISTRATIVF HIADA
I UNDERSTAND YOU WILL PROVIDE AIR IRANSPORTATION AT YOUR f prunr rRom
HERE TO New YORK AND la,TURN FOR BAKER, BRAILLCv noarna ULOINNINGAF,OUT
JULY IST AND ENDINO ABOU7 SEPTEMnER ITho
IF VW APPROVE, PLCASE ADVISC YOUR SUBORDINATF3 'THAT COLUMBIA
WILL nE PROTECiED IN OUR COMOITrJENTS,
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AFTER CONFERENCE WITH OILDERTA t WISH TO SUBMIT FOLLOWINO RECOM-
MENDATIONS* WOULD APPRECIATE YOUR ADVICE AND CONFIRMATION, BEFORE I
LEAVE APRIL 100 SO I CAN MAKE COMMENTS HERE AND AT COLUMOIA UNIVERSITYq
REGRET oluoTts WITHDRAWAL. OUT AM 0 ATIFIED MC WILL REMAIN
AS UNSALARIED OCAN-COUNSFLOR*0 OUR PRO1ESSORS4* WILLING REMAIN 3R0 YEAR
AND COLUMBIA DESIRES CONTINUE ITS REsPONSIBILITY AND suptnyinioN UNTIL
JUNE 30 NrxT YLAR0 SUBJECT TO ANOTHER RCNkWAL IF YOU OSH.
FOR NEW YEAR WE WILL ReQuInE 1:160$000 PAYABLE TREASURER, COLuMBIA*
OF THIS SUM 025 000 WILL OE FOR sAIARIES FOR 4 PROF SORE;. RECOLLIENO
TONG RE.CEIVE 4000 PAYABLE AS F N K
OILOWS! 00000 DEPOSID IN NEW YOR
FOR SOMOLARSM P Frn GRADUATES OF CMuNoKING 8011001. AND e;:!0.000 IN CURRENCY
PAYAULE TO OILIART IN 4 INSTALL:EN1S AuGUST 1ST,. NOVEMUER IIT0 FEBRUARY
1ST AND ApnIL 1ST. OALANCE WILL COVER.NEW'YO1K ADMINISTQATIvE EXPENSES
OF $60000 AND CHUNKING EXPENSCS ?Jf. t4A0000
I WILL 14ECOMIEND TO FRESIDENT OUTLER OE APPOINTED (Sic)
ASSISTANT'DEAN ANO ACADEMIC PROMMIONS TO ASSOCIATE PROFESSONSHIPn
FOR DAKERA DRAILLE. ROOERSo OMER V.' ILL HECOM ABHINISTRATIVF HIADA
I UNDERSTAND YOU WILL PROVIDE AIR IRANSPORTATION AT YOUR f prunr rRom
HERE TO New YORK AND la,TURN FOR BAKER, BRAILLCv noarna ULOINNINGAF,OUT
JULY IST AND ENDINO ABOU7 SEPTEMnER ITho
IF VW APPROVE, PLCASE ADVISC YOUR SUBORDINATF3 'THAT COLUMBIA
WILL nE PROTECiED IN OUR COMOITrJENTS,
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AePeOe 879
17 Hargh 4,
TO u Tho Director, Officio of Strategio'esrvicoo,
Waohington, DeOe
le I Rend you herewith R lettor datod Maroh 11th from
Hee Rodnoy Oilbort discussing tho prosont situation with rew
farina@ to tho Ochool of Journalism, And tho progreso that is
being mgdo on tho Bamboo plan - now known as the Denvor plane
ailbort is anxiouo that you boo kept ourrently advioed of tho
oircumstoncoo ourrounding both operationee
2, Moo onolosed is a lottor to Mrs, Riohard Balm
whioh io to bo mgilod to hore In it 8aker refers to the staff
mooting with you and more portioularly to tilt matter of a fur-
lough homo thio oummor And your aosurancoo that if Hrs. Ookor
wno Vound quolifiod And pasaod our 000vrity, apptitudo, and
ovaluation tooto, wo oould (and would) uso hor in the Far Woot
- prolimifioriLy in Kandy or Northorn India And oventually horo.
. It Appogro from Oakorlo lottor that ho urdorotood
our pormonno 1 pooplo would got in touoh with box'j but nothine
ho hopponod so that hs is now aug400ting ohs approach 01415,
end I have r000mmondod that on hor arrival in Washington oho
got in twuoh with Hiss Haight who rknow will oxpodite mettoro.
4. Ono more point - Mrs, Oskar may wish to reply to htlo
huohard% lottor via our pouoh . Dokor ha oautioned her not
to diaousa tho %flatten) disouhaed heroin in her ordinary latter*
via A0.0, I Ammo that arrangemento �An be made And His,
21/
Baker Advised how Any reply ohs may wish to maks in this inotanoe
nay be made through us.
For Oolonel HICITNICAls
iltt.6010,L1A4;===..
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,0,e1A11,
011113107 tnsolitArcal 1,14:U145
Major O11') 1.. Wil tQiM ILLOaolianpUBAR
DIrootor,
Offtae of Stratonto Se'r.vtcoo,
wsklhington, D.C.
M7 Dear Goneral j
1 am sure that I do not need to -emi_nd .q'ell of the atX4-
CUSClOAS wo bad here tn C1ttn,5kinri of our little School or Jouro.aaltam and its
prosrects for a third ymarIt is not to rerrash your t11,,m0147 of those flismosi
that 1 AM Writing thorefore4;Sinco yoll wore here I have had lmttors from DOAM
Carl Ao%erilian of Oolumtia Univcirsity which have raised 2 queetin in my mind
about hts attitude towards tlw SchnolAs you probably knowshe Is due her
the e
towards end of this montluT am trollid I
e to Mlink that may have to wire
you abo-at the ruture financine of the School,aftew I have talkold witla
am writtn5 tlaerofore to zive you some tdea In alliance of i*i i5.,(3131.4.m which 'I
beitevo mAY nriu"
1 remember telltnc you thatobeforo your arrival here, T
'NO had sovoeal 'otters from Ackerman 1.11 which he (mid that it huA hoen go
diffiatat to frqt pledceo of support for a thtra yoar from your nubordinatex
'hat he was vorj doubtful about the, future of th,, school after Juno of this
yisarI underatoiod from you that he had not 140011 IOU personally this past win..
terjbut 1 thil* it is possibly true that your subwdinstes,with Whom ho deat
were not or.couragins Oortain17 the taquiry tirlat William Christian had about
the worth of the School was couched in audit terms that it *teemed to be pr*-
Jadged and condevinoC,More recent lettere from Ackermar. tlive M.4 reason to be
lteve phowevevosthat he made no pariA(t11.1Ar effort to uee you personallystand
did not try very hard to 9 sqiun 1.1-,et shoni. sal; OSS *:141kAi1 ila %tr. r as, "o r the ri 'ANA
oea son 1;hat he Is t tred of 1410"le�,111.;.. .....,-s L;) in 1 ilel 0:11,1.1-1 '-. )1.' H.t3 s)ikre 1, ilto
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f.h ii t he ha. HI 1:0 ,, Iva to elovItesporiii-O,Ce) al,. ), it, 1,1'1 I ei 3 Oh 0 cl. a rid I I, a KO c PIA till ; Tlif$
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;Let pleoenDeal .., ,);:p 00.1-1 $a. I. 1r11 ri "or ',' i .3 "Ii4'� )01 CrieVit A reittotkn't ti)
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have made ',e ,)tat, Iva aro.ailLf. -1..ts .o ' 'le t.n�,,,,ro, Ion 0 il,i.o.., 9; ' , ve.�
rft(aty mimbers Nor All. )1,'1#'1 r A7 -,' ) 1.11413 a, s7t- nr et /IS \?1"347t 4- 1 e)rtii$4.11,.' 4 1141
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40Partmcit" matvaml to74.1PAs tn '10 411 old and intimato friend. af *
lolevs_,all about�the 4oheo1 and-its opevationsX1$ representatives hero
Paxtonilo:416o in 01040 tpuOh. and frlovily wtth Rli oe
of-ofintrol from OCLUMbl* 'both� State Npartment would notsi eforo
lberitput
ttle waroo or atranorl�I iAyi.t'hnowimill,Whiae I shall not be part or thi-
301'001 ore.nizatton, next 70141/it will bo Unelor my on and I kuow thAt-,Holl
ton Ton,s will aontinue Warm mo as taterMedlarY with the raon1ty4Y44
Lheretore i.t.aderatand ws,t'hA* happened Wore olf 1 wire you towards t1e-en4-
this month or early in'April that Oarl Aolterman is getting out from under't
it is Inoumbent upon yaa to have the "sponsor" ohannel his support throu'
agenoy ether than Oolumbla Universit4 presumatly WU:vs peoufs ()vice in
SF/at� Dopartment;#
00,e. other matter; You will remember that Riohard T;Bakor,Who was rezp51..'
oible far the organ IKation or the Sohool,who really oun m itoand would oonti*
to run it & third year, spohe to you abolit cettirz hts wire out to Tuta (Rh'
possibly to China later) AO RA OSS omp10700;You stAla that you would have 70,,13,-
peraonnel Aepaotment cot in touch with her tn New Yorlt;Balcor ham heard nothln
rron his wtfe about wuob an Rpprocoh And hAs mo far written hor hothina About.,
gottlAsit teiti.011, With the) 088�110 ta KOW writi. hoz' throush yowl, ereoatzsitt,
'howeVerp(11 oolArtemy of Major Harley Stemma her4to toll her of tho 1;ontatiV1
Rrranaement4 made; Now it itmy persona opinion that arringqmpnts hAd bettor 1
kept la tentative form lAntil we kw what Carl Ackerman !=4-Vto 4Wor the
follmwinx roasansOar idea when we talked wtth you WAS that Mrm�,Baker should 114.;
stnt to U41.0, rot ty thortiy to woric 1501,0 roll 033 and that BoLicar woltid spend
hip aummer vaoatloa it In$la (July &Ad Auaust),If It happens that the Sahool
tQ be burned over to tbe State Depl4rtmontshoweverolt woletei seom to mo that BOO'
ought 110 retail%
to tho US at Mae ond of Juno to r..)t to know Willys reoR And hi!
ataff 0,110 tkat44WermiciviaraW400040 he and' Mrs ;Baker hhon have thoir vaoatlon
toile t atai i tho USA &d t :Le th I, m 01, t t 1;11 rrrk 1.1- a 1-31��,0 '1)0 r or 0 him itrtitrirmei*
departure for InOla;It would do no hArm meautAltle to mol:o prealminamy arrance.4,
monts;It la hhavorovso my sauemtimA thot Mre..00ce'r n110,11d zo to Wnohl.natoA40k11
vo\rw poligionuel 0111,0r Awe'otr posmtbibromo ynn rilr A f4W MOMert$;I CM A 8roAt
bolAcover in Imosic L I llon4;ands alL11(1:,;,Lh MrslBsker lm an oxotpi
tQnally
LV L'- vvomansl aril Who calif, !hat 1 I 'otiut mtth your justi
ronownvi obarm wtl.i,')olp 11,,P malo ttp Iqta AL3qt ;'h In Fmr nastorn aAvont.
upe;she) (1,)41(1t1,fl lacpharn ho �'ho ":)-.)cosAttle of reltoh
up01(1, ond bo P,,tegy sCI me.fo An .1r.11:1;rom I 1011aLr)4:0
PlnUllOY: MY OWn PlUntt 110�0 r'n. r1�AttAC :".11,Lij:'4V11:'1. 10%0 0".'.'" ("11YLO, W*1)
MmIOVIAeorn,- 1WP11r14 2, ',1%,e0..o and
Awl 01 na.v)L ut.o.11,) i t. 10 ti hi veJ !,tvfoi,tYh1 plivt t-,11 Iv Co ..�ntal. Approval itn;:'I ritolti
ttot T hall 150, ocilappod with eAroclonttalm;:t 1104 ory *A1.1.m v"zatt
CO.01101 tlitlo 11r.wo f'it!W homo anA, I an &ohLtn., zor.0 mitArIal
plarod. -1,0111.1k3aos a-,,amomonha aro shtll Alovl ble.a;:u0 '1.1," Ali !-!iclis or
10�1'1441 (11-)"'"U 141 /Lit "10 WUj 1-)e'oro I start. aottvo ude,rott)A2 Atte 'A,:alitit
my (1111,11No ',111,1!sn will be emploJod until th9 -3(Inthokilo
A 1,v.,11.1111 V �u ga ,3)1.(1 ,r)r t:Eoh rimatt;h%iold up ()),),,,zat tonsiy(
1.1,101.3aa Lo a ot mit o:tro -tmowt 11 rd. l� fi Out oftel of "Jo vuoilth,T'y no....ul',0111 c.
ct 'ety lAthos cfhAW11& .171af,arCA mutovIR1 Odwn V4).1-t, .-mm
IcItas zitul ollooklii;� �11 1)40Ir ?.0,)/; Inn At nolAts
1.0$ 11,4t, to 'tc'ro t hL'1 trona iltA/bly. I ve Ar-t1 Anzry ay I j 'ti � ,xr, 1) irm."
01,1 ,.;),141z 10 Volot tIn apin wolad be a t-0-.40)!I4olis Io aL'm,
r0!)Got trA pnt prist5nVt1.y 11 mastt 11Aora P-1.13 .ts:k at ill I le- -el t'eop?
outpAv14 ti,:ttaid4L ft.c.m 1-1,1tv ,TsTaA,440
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prolliolisrili An Itaisitio. $orj Xaft4 and ovontq.44h0.40
4 . *p#0411,0 bon 404044,tottor that 1s. undor.t.od
our personnol people would got In tomOk with hero but
ha. hstpromod .. that h* As sow inAggenbig oho soptowis 0�04V40
iim$ hemp rocommeodet SW .0: hot *trivia An Valkingtonaho
get In %ow* within's *light vhe X know will ..podAt. motto..
40 0ni mar. point 01' 1110.* Raker 00,Y what t* rogy t* hor
husband% letter via our immth 0 hss soutionsod nor not
t. discos ths matters disomolsoi h*rsitt In' hoe omnory Lout,
la* AtP�0,1 X mow. arrisnossmonts ..n b. sida, .04 *16
11010044' "ditood how op roply oho may wish to mak. Aft thi. imams*.
nor bo mod. through u.0
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4)0/41.111r.NTIAIi
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0001411 aohooli et Journeliem.
TO Tho Disootora Ottioo litratogiv Sorvioss.
Woshisstent D*04
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if X soot you herewith a IOUs 4044 MOO lith from
M c4My 4ilhor4 disavowing the promo% nituation with row
toms* 40 the 40441 St Josranlisoh ai thoroes Vont
aft$ io
b 444* on 4),oUnto. plan mow known los lee Demos plan*
outior4 at outoull thal you he MO ourrontl sivisis4 or the
oirsUpsolinfoos surrounding lioth eporotions.
11, Asa anolose4 is * letter to Mimi NOWA esker
whioh is to be notio4 to Mir. X* it Ulcer rotors to the *Asti
sooting with you ane mars partiouiarly to the mottos 0 a tut.
loutO how this Immo and pa so V$$00 that it Mrs. West
was fowl qualitio4 sn4 weed our esourity, apptitm4o0 ms4
evaluation tostsp we so44 (sm4 wnuX4) moo Mr in tho For Snol.
proliatinerily in Handy or Posthorn 1n4is and eventually hoot
,* 3 *pivots tram Bekoes lotvor that he un4oretoo4
ouv ?or/panel pooplo wou14 got in touok with her, but nothing
hole 1appon0 so that hs is now suggooting she swoosh 041.41,
and 2 halm v* a4 that om hor arriv*1 in Washington she
dot In touch bath Mists Height who I know will **Mite natter*.
4. Ono moral polmt Mr*, Wm may wish to roply to Nor
huobend4 Iebtor via our pooh � Oskar he* onotiosod her not
to aiaammt tha amUtars disousaad Wain in hor ordinary lattowo
01�131,1% X norms thot orrangonente men be neolo one Hrs. .,
Oskar 0401'4 how any roply ship nay wish to ask. in this intitiants
Kay be node through uo.
For colonel WHOM
WM 04 �TIVON
14s3er. AUS
VON 11 11 IFIN;
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QOAVIIP41111Ttuat
OILADWAVISO
OM= OF ammo 412WIORS
OEM, TeMilign
674)
:1,/ illarah 4,
SUBJECT s 00401 of Journalise*.
T4) s This Direst's. Otass of Otrotegio enslaves,
ifikshinOon. 0,0.
1. Z ses4 you herewith * lsttor data, NslekIlth fres
Mr* fl.4iqr 0i094 dissussiOg 141,400 10404** *Oh ro*
tirosse'to-the'ddloal'etiieitossiftirsolidthoPr4004**W1*
being mode oaths atembso plop 041lik110140 00 4110-00N,Ot ploy
Otlaott is stacious that rat4 loft ourreintlysdelsod aths
eirsuastsneoe surrounding both operstleao�
2. Also enclosed is s letter to Mble4 Aighsri Nikor
Wilk is to be mailed ts hers Zs it lisloor Were to the stet
mating with you and *ors parkisularly to this estUr of * fur*
lough hops this summer sod yam sesursaese thal it Mrs, SOW
was found qualified end psseed our sosurity, spptituis, smd
ovalustion tests, we sould (mod would) use her in the For Salt
preliminarily in Doty or Northern India end sventually
It appears troe Ukeris Letter that he undorstood
our porsonnel pimple would get in touik with hero but nothift
hes hsppsned so that be is now suggesting shel oPP0464114,
and I have reooamendod that om her arrival in Wmhingtonshe
get in tmuch with Mom Haight who I know will expedite matters.
4. Ono moro poliwt Mrs 3e3ver mow wish to reply to her
husbandb letter via our pouch . Oskar has soulions4 her A4S
1'0 discuss the, mattortditeummed borain in her ordinary. letters'
ammo Ost arroingenante can to mode sn4 Are, -
sok' w any rsply ohs may wish 4o asks to this intim**
11*7 bes ugh us.
OLL144�1
ror Oolonol 1614111111,
war? rip ;
040411***6�400
HARila 0. SUVA
Majors AN
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en�%17�77.0.11.47.7.1t
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4.7
Febru
lialORANDUM Lt� Robert Thru4
FRU 2nd 141 Thome� 7� Davis, Zr,
BUSTECT : Journalists at Chungking
Waring the course of' our travels several Seaters
oaie 1.11) which require actim in Washington,* liost of the..
I was not able to write down tit the' times e,nd althOuiei I
mentioned them t o you, I haricily would expect even v,irour re-
tentive mind to bo able to hold on to au of then. I aa
therefore Going to si ve you brief notes for your couvenienceri,
IlttAlatariatuLgmagatkla
In talking with the peopitir at the School of
aournaliam Ohungking, General Donovan stated several
times that (1) the, school would be continued :Least
another yea and (2) he would urge the 6tate pnt
to adopt the School*
I am ignorant of the details of present spawn
sorsb.ip (outensible) though I know, of �curse, by whom
it is actually supported* (i believe it is under the
aegis of eolumbia Univ/reity School of journalism)*
Ono point raised by t he teachers lyat not presented
so that General Donovan peared to advert to its is
that the State Department Culturai Relations Division
is somewhat moribund (as the teachers in School of
Iournaliam see the recta), and control by that Avision
might have bad results. P,robably special status for
the school should be guaranteed by State*
lagialop4t.iatlaSilatj1421a2tAkiat
General DO4OVIlat Baid thict he would tr
3 teachers to have leave iu the U.S. They WWI) been cut
here over a year, expected origintill,y to co baid: to the
U.S. after one year, are willir4 to stay on another year
if they get this love, which should begin in AU* (apprcer)
alid continue through to October--to be coterminous with
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the school vacation periods The three involved are
Riohard Ts Biker, Anthony Fs Ts Drell.. FlOyd D.
Rodgers; Jr. I discovered just before I lett that
there ii a 4th tnstruatorimdwhy he is not to reoetve
similar treatment I did not have time to ascertains 'This
shoilld be looked into tor two reasons (1) fair plw,
(2) tha 4th t, I think the son of the dean 'of the 00Ainsbia
Sdhool of Iournalism.
L0.1,41aMatabflisagiattessUrtriailvall
One of the teachers (Baker) adked whether 109
ouuld ar ;so for his wife to have a job in India.
Apparently s4e has had an excellent background in
soolology, OBK at Cornell and sooial work in New Your,,
and would Wa real asset to us, 4.09 said he would
endeavor to plaoe her in our India or Ceylon Detachments.
Her neme and address are listed in the notes I gave you
of our oonference withthe journalists. These ndise are
on 3 pages tom from my pocket notebookt, P.6. Her address
is Mrs. Richard Ts Baker, 421 West 21st St., N. Y.
bhe hae been in India once.
IattatialigaagnililitiALSLU,bajligiga
At 109's suggestion, I lunched with Rodgers and
Baker and ran trirou,ch some of their unpolished notes from
their utudent reporters. Joito of the material was of
interest to us plr ne--thouch nothing otartling--.and a
aood deml of it indicatod thht the students could un-
willin(ay dig up stuff of rnal vulun to us if properly
und oubtly directed. There are real difficulties in
workina out a procedure titioh would keep bhe students
and others from learning of our connection, but probeilAy
tAvisould be worked out.
1 turnnd the material over to Naliwell and
briefod him on the necessity for proceodius with umlaut
eaution and security. 1 will die* with hi when I re
turn. In the meantimt, you ORR use the notes gay, you
(attached) if you need evidenoo to support 109's olaiLa
that the project hop intmllionco poteatialitile
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Younc
ow:flaws
Point
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kat eport iA favor 0f
PeoPPRIPIWSPAP.11.019
a) RAlkI lone abatements to osnaorships
b) Papa oonaiaered by SHOOS as best pepar
in 0 inc refrad, avidly by Marion Unsay'
o) istrOlkilitof journaliom in Obunecing4
Pantie
aend 10 tudenta to 1.1,64, promiced by
' Hollineon 140
Point,*
�hook into unprinted material,
,�
he for oumusr va ation
0th Aulko t t, lot or Oot. lat�
II
olrend awns 129221,2 is toward pro-Allied feeling
and toward liberalism. May be differeat in high
KUOMINTANG circles.
People basically demooratio. Classes are not
fixed so far as any individual is ooacerned. People
pretty well idormed. capable.
-Uoimaunisto here hre Arian reformers.
Audents are loft or KUOMINTANG atld right of kkuuktaists
-Paws published all over Chinu, Langjoe for
iustance, "Tea-house gossips", professional story
tellors. Litudeuts traviitig buck to home town.
nave tit') teacitors put oa paper their political
cud sociologicul couoluelionsi,
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"Pointe*
Radio bros,4001i:'t:by 1110 Vrtighti bo from
TOMEI war ,oe 10- (1hi4ese
hit area, listeu-ta-iiit stcttcrn* oarry ji
School has radio
�oaet4teeele**3/41**Vgail
� t
80 Route Ar Grasp Amor) moved int. ! .
&man province. Cho0;04 1104: TOPMentativo
Communist Goverment war Chat**, who odd trim,'
running sll over &wan. Bands within few miles of
aukow.
Pointve
Physical conditions badmmehousing, rood, mediosl
eareesoioan we help? Litudents welfara is in .hands of
Ministry of Rduoation. Universities at (1) Chsngtu,
t2) Muth Plug WI, Nat. vnivevait7 pi ilso
Pekin Mtn, (3) Chungking Univorsity) (4) at Kuamtng
is merited 8reatme4 big old universities tuoluding
Pelow University (the Harvard of China).
Courses include: teohnical emphasis, dis
arts, chemistry, aerodynamics, but Chinese like lit.
and eon. Encourage toohnioal students to so abroad.
In sohoel of journalism several radio engineers,
3 or 4 soldiers who fonGht tho Japs(one expert on
asap torture methods) 4 wolon studeuto (twitter thou
tho men) theory is tliat wale chill lu China is spoiled,
whereas WO= hut) learned to det along. Timid but go
more stronuouslyeinto government �Mos for intarew
views than male atudeatki. Jio uhaufl 044 iatO working
harder.
otudents belong to upper olaus, 114atiotooracy of
Education."
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norm At All thAt it hno no ?nal %forth Am A part mr 414M
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orraniwatAon� 5,ho mont Amonhltitinmo nnrt hits boon thAt
ttio mfttorinl Romonblod by tt�eme youni! journonetti wna not
riuWi iwookliroblno Thin nondition bam hyon romteiliki Atld
Arraormmontm hnvo boon mita for thim to b(4 mont to 1inq
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to knoT) thIn in nffent l'or ilovion or 11 monthm And plAnm
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vadAtIono Xit11000r64400 11.th him wicthoin, arrftngelimnto nro
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440 OUR CONTACT NEW WAX AT, HAS MN TOLD OF MP litettigatall
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OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERV E
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OPMENTS, 4AYE OCCURRED!
1. CORNET HAS VottirrEN SAY I NG THAT PROJECT HAS NOT AND 13ANNOT
P088,BLY MAKE ANY CONTR I WTI ON 10 WAR EFFORT AND NE 8 THEREFORE
METERM I NED TO QUI To
R. AT OUR REQUEST CHR I 871 AN HAS I NVESTI GATED AND REPORTED
H AEE8 WI TN CORNET*
� U* 80 EMBASSY CHUNGK I NO REPORTS GREAT I MPORTANCE OF
ENTERPR I SE FOR U.S. PRESTI GE GOOD WI LL AND HAS ASKED CORNET TO
URGE SPONSOR TO CONTINUE
4* OUR CONTACT NEW YORK CI TY HAS MEN TOLD OF YOUR WI LIL I NGNE
TO CONTI NUE FOR ADDI T I ONAL YEAR BUT THAT YOU INTEND MAKE YOUR OV4A4
DV -SCREET t NVE ST I OATS ON ON THE MT WO CONSULT CORNET*
!P$_4j tPITJL8:ThMC1 e %MY) VB _
IT IS FORSIODENvr EMP�o OR REPF4OOLICt. ViiSCAEILIE
WITHOUT AUTHORIZATION FRON THE SECRETARIAT.
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OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES
OFFICIAL. DISPATCH
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PATE De iCiMbOr3O944
FROM Jen I omit..
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DIRECT)R, BITITTARUT, MORLDER
RECEIVED IN CODE OR CIPHER s T,; c ii rac in
OFD 30X61. Signed Wodomoyor. From Oxford to UI to for
Tumor Maaino9OS 8
With renroqoo to your lettnr of D000mbor 11th oonoorniTig tho
Cornot minaiono X am of tho opinlon that tt: poosossns no lon'aine
worth oithor arw or lator aa a Job :role u War f'tflY I olnexr
in Cornet c fooling that 11; :Lsu9uffli 1.e17 em cultural
u taild point Dar rinfr, any ttaf or el owl ti 'tome It 9 ( t r:()
baolt to tho 7111ted Statiqi hoYoro tho oltooptiqn o a
roloort to tho antn JNipartront roprolleatntiwn hrralI aitrlot
looato arty nommnietiouo to othor ngoaniria bororfi Corlw. arrive(.
ACT IOU: 0:1;
(1.7.1w.2941V, 2iill Doo. 30, 1944
T oas 1/1/4( 10:31i AM
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OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES
�����111N�Numwmisonin~
INTEROFFICE MEMO
f4,9
TO Brigadier General William 3. DonoviaiTE' October 21, 1944
FROM: C. J. Lennihan, Jr.
SUBJECT:
SECRErr
Ori'a"
I recently told you that Mr.N1C � t would need
135,000, beyond the $125,000 advanced him to date, to carry
his operation through Juno 30, 1945. The details of
expenditure of this $35,000, seemed reasonable to me and
I took it that you agreed. This morning Mr. 00164.141,1,-,
asked MA for 00,000 instead of this $35,000. lie wants
the additional 015,000 for remittance to Civ�K�inai as the
expenses out there have been heavier than anticipated, due
to the difficult exchange situation, and our Nuiese. friends
are having trouble, as the money appropriated by them for
their share of this operation, is proving insufficient.
I have given Mr.1?)61444h his $50,000 today, feeling you would
approve - and I will add that the $35,000 of the $500000,
will be spread over the same contemplated expenditures -
administrative and operational - as shown on the memorandum
calling for $35,000.
I should advise you that last year Mr.atVeN4sh sent
$25,000 to ourCbt'ht friends which, from such records as
have reached me from Olvv114,�5has been used for general
expenses of o or 427,Qta - but I am assured that
the money wil bo spent on American personnel only. The
original authorization which you approved, did not contemplate
any of our money being used for operation of the hostel but
I think you will agree with my feeling that we can and should
properly bear some of this expense in view of the fact that
the appropriation seOt up by ourN:'..e)( friends for their
share of the enterprise, has proven quite insufficient, due
to circumstances beyond their control and which could not
have been foreseen by them or by Mr.11011e*I1k - chiefly
variations of exchange.
As you know, I am presently preparing a report on
this operation for your consideration - and I hope approval.
This will cover three main points (1) Any expenditures which
were not specifically authorized by you originally, will be
detailed and will be accompanied by my recommendations for
your approval. I feel sure you will approve because they
make sense but I think it better to have a clear record of
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General Donovan
SECRET
October 21, 1944
any such departures and to record your approval, retroactively.
(2) Judge Allman has already completed for me a review of
results obtained in the Field to date, together with his
prediction as to what should be produced in the Field
through the year June 30, 1945 - July 1, 1946, if you,
subsequently decide to finance this operation through that
period, 'r am also having Mr .,(161�01�1% prepare a specific
budget for the 1945-6 period but have cautioned him that
YOU cannot give definite consideration at this time for
this future period. I am satisfied we will cause Mr.
no embarrassment it your decision on the 45-6 period is
IMived at by shall we say April-May at which time I will
bring the matter to your attention. 00, Mr. Tripp, who
is Mr. Miller's Lieutenant, shoukkhave for me toward the
end of next week his audit of Mr.1101A00 financial records
and reports, from the beginning of this operation up to
a recent date, I will then see to it that these records
Lit the pattern which has been established in my office -
and of course I do not anticipate finding any irregularities,
though there will probably be need for amplification or
better descriptions of some of Mr,TTOliviwa) expenditures,
have discussed all the foregoing with Rnsign Donovan,
feeling our program will be bettor proteoted)as he and I are
working increasingly together on thfait matter5- and in-
cidentally, that; young man's head is screwed on straight.
am going to the hospital Monday and I am assured
by tiv% doctors that I can go right on my job oommonotrig
the end of next week so there should be no delay In bringing
this item and others toward promptly and I shall keep
you posted by memo.
C.J.L.
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GRADUATE SCHOOL OF JOURNALISM
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ORADUATt �01004, OP JOIJRNALrifiM
Offlgt CIF Tlig ORAN
Ootcibor 2) 1943
To Whom It May Oonoorns
WO 114NO r000ivod tho following two radio HPON800 from
Dr, Hollington K. To from Ohnpsking, Ohina:
(1) Datod OhungkIng, Boptoftfbor Z5p 194's
II r000lvod word ynntordoy fromMr. 0. 114 Low))
dirootor of ovr WAWA offloo, thAL a (gm of four 0o3mibia
proroanorm arrivad in India on SoptoMbor PP from tho Unit Mato,
Thoy arol: O. II, L. �roma,Mr. ritohArd T. DAhor, Mt. Floyd 0, Rodgoro, Jr,
and WA Anlhony Drnllo. Arran montm ay.) boints mndo by Mr. Lowe to
holio throo or thorn fly to Ohunalcinti moon. Drallo in down with
donguo fovor nwil will join hin oollonatton Intor. Mr. Lowe advitlem MP
that tho now arrivnlm hAvo bvonaht with thorn n. lora@ nimilbor of booRnk
eAmplo nownpAoro mnd Otho' roadint4 mftttor whioh will be of intoroot
And vAluo to ritudontn of jou.rnallem.
"Throoah antranoo oxAminfttionn hold in Q1 1n, Ohongtu,
1.turu8t"8 Di"ln, !=.1.1111.1hialLAWIOIAILIVILL]=1.10411.1)
1.110 jOur1tillt X tx QiQI 1 of wniqh Dr, Oroan afllt hto oollorigtioq
wrirrirer7allirgo )ont tweJ hardrnd Appllonnto tint for Lho
ria.,m1"*ImerrEsesevoluncer;+evrwa
oxamination.
....orromewreaste"mo***,
(ohoo, in nohoftiod to txt Ohunalaria
bit 00.1.12L.:4th:--6W-bla to rfttlAr rF,71,75o on I: am oonfillant that
'116 olomon miollanto will not dinnwaint thoir montoro. jUelatila from
acme) or the, t toportiI hilvo peiemp I01101.134 not 1,0 Intrpritgid
r �Omeir t1.0 btivionto 1100011t1 promthont journal:iota 'Uttar on.
Ahothor raot, worth nottw, IJI that (1, 'row et:1040411i lover,��LjLt1SA.W
lviorttt ty4i,z.T 1,(41211477101.
(P) nc1ht,O QTh1IOhunglanko
"Orono Dftkor Arrivod nafti woll, Unthuolftmtio plann
find proe,rotin, 801001 opontha Ocitao- loth, Addrotm propri nowtol.
Rodgora Drallo in Onloutta nwoitina pinno."
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@RAMIE 5C11)01. OF JOUR MAL15 M
�MGR OF TFIg DEAN
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCION:
September 20, 1943
We received today the following letter from the
Department of Sham
uThe Dopartment hue received 4 telegram dated
Soptember_16, 1943, reporting the mare arrival at
Colombo, Ceylon, of Croon, Dralle, Roder, and Baker.
They were leaving by rall for Calcutta on route to
Chungking."
Faithfully yourn,
4-/�6 ,
CIM AR
Dean
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ORMWATg gCH01. OP JOUR NW M
OFPIQR GP' THE OAN
September 411 1943
TO WHOM IT MAY CONOARN:
While we Are awaiting the Arrival of our staff in
China, we have received the following message from Pr,, HoUington K
Tong, dated Chungking, September 11_ 1943:
"I have put up two buildings to serve as classrooms
for studente or journalism. Up to this writing I have not
heard directly from the Columbia professore regarding their
whereabouts.
"An entrance examination was given in Chungking
yesterday to some eighty-five applicante who aspire to receive
advanced training in journalis1 mong the candidates are 4
row who now hold remune/-attve pwits in banks and other private
business concerns."
CWA:1117
)? Fa Ithtul1y ours.
iy
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OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERMIC
WASHINGTON, b 11-40A,
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February 17, 1943
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Dear Colonel Donovan:
The attached telegram refers to an
air mail letter which waa approved by Mr. Tong
and which haa been, sent to Chungking for the
approval of General Chiang Kai-Shek. The
phraae "to my own chief" refers to Dr. Nicholas
Murray Butler, President of Columbia. The
signaturolVarlham" ia the name of the school
in Indiana which Carl Aokerman and I attended,,
and aignifies Aokerman. Also attached is a
copy of Mr. Ackerman's letter to Mr. Tong.
Enclosures (r)
4.k Zr)o-vt.,
Respectfully yours,
vier
Brigadier General
U. S. Army
C) LAP- Ak.,0 4111-i0..0 .
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AIR MAIL LETTER WAO APPROVED BY MN TO WHOM ADDRE80EDiNOW trif/110 ,
.r
TO GENERAL ABROAD IF APPROVED BY HIM I WILI1END, TTI TO MY
. NT; ABSOLUTELY NO ONE,KNOW8 IDENTITY OF DONOR WILLiADVIOE tOU,
or_ tigycoPmENTs
OARLHAM
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ilOMPANY WILL * o*vj uu WPQN�Arttokt irre 14ATIAWiti OQNONJNQ ITO 1iall1VIO1
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,
���14.12641014.191,120,
NO, Uollington Xong To
Vice linniater or Xnformation
Republic of Oink
Poole WW1
MO Sixth Avenue
NoW rOrkp Nov York
Fcbruery 16p 1943
Dear NO0 Tomos
Ti* text of the letter PiA prepared to send to Prooldent
Nloholas MUrrey Dutlor of Colimibla University roads no followns
"W. 14)11241ton Xonk; Tonap 113J, Yloe Naniater of information
or the Ohlnene Mopublie, hats invited our 000�1 to sponsor the
entabliahment or nGraduate Whool or Journalisem n Ohungking, Ohina.
Thin would 'Itottooparato oduaat tonal unit undone our vatronokao ao
indlostod horowith
"A rriondo %/Ito inn tato opon anommitsy, dolma It tt num or
00000, annuall,y vl.th tho Troaooror r Oaluatil) Untvoro ttly far Mid
duration of ti o war and p000lbly thoroartor . To thto outtk# tho Ropulato
or ()him 411 oontributo mixtemanotop tritvtat Cakirtkiallt ratg it UM,
*Allah will 0041 or (mood tho (loot ot our 000pomtioul so that the now
mohool will be adequately fitignood. Me Oft le oontiniont %von My
pornoma molootion of tottolwrs rrom mmona our druduatee
"Mr. 11/01.41, illatingutahod journaItot and rauxantio, 10 now
in New Ytale Ott�y and hito oat aratod tii th tn tho proparat ton or th�
plan horoin poop000d (And roo pot) Lrol. 1,y oubmittod rar ant- �owl Mora .
� AIWA
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Xollineon Kong Toro
rebruary 1,6t'11.94
"Zile rams shall be the Graduate School of Journalism of
the Pepublio of China. The ourriculum, the requirements for amissiono
graduation and the degree or di Xama to be awarded shell rest with the
Faculty of Journalism of the now school in order that there may be
complete antonosV end respect for the Laws and edueationel tradition*
of China.
"In oonjunction with this project a group of Chinese student's
nor in the United States will be assigned to the Graduate School of
journallem at Colulibla University by the China /netitute, or the
hanistry of Informetion to prepare themselves as teachers of journaliem
so that after the war the Graduate School of Journalism in Chine may be
a colt-perpetuating, autonomous educational institution. A beginning
in this direotion has already been made, as there aro at present three
Chinese studente now registered in our 8ohool preparing themselves for
the teaching and preetioo of their profession in their own oountry.
"Mr. T advises that there will be a minumum of fifty
students in the sohool at the beainning and that tho number may be
increased to one hundred. All /students will be graduatoo of Chinese
oollegen ant, universities and will be able to read sae write the
Inglish lemuago, so thet all instruction will be in /nglieh,
"Tor the present the teeehing 'staff will be ae followst
"Dtrootor and Professor of Journalism end timelier of the
history, philosophy end prinelples of journalism,
"Assistant Professors or dburnallems
"a. To teach news writing, editing, interviewing, and
newspaper and napalm feature writing
"b. To toaoh radio writing and broadcast/JIB
�111
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
w 1114a )k4Uzton Maio Tow
.ftswirptaroliiiirmr-acirkillitS01.6
lebruary 16, 194, ,0
"oi To teach novo photon, photography, and ressar.h methods
"di Assistant to the Director
VERVOIVAREZ
"Director of Nihon, twelve months' salary 11 WOO
"Assistant Professwrs - 0,000 'soh 1%1000
"Assistant to the DIrootor 4p0oo
Wministrative expenses, such as traveling of
on to be interviewed, serrompondonoe,
emergency fund, secretarial and office expenses
in Now 'York
ToTAL 3S0, 000
"All living awl traveling oxpen000 from !NW York OitY to
(Mina and in Ohba will bo id b the Republic or China. The oontract
of employment shall be mlihjoot to tho approval of W. Tong And
Profomnor Harold Li Prose, it mambor or tho Now York Dnr nnd of the
raoolty of sIburnelimmi
"AppoIntmonto will bo mado jointly by W, Tong rind by mo0
ealarloo will be paid by tho Tronsorwr of Oolonbin Univeraity out of
the spacial fund whioh will bo dopooitod for thie purpooe.
lho now mohool of jouromlgam, mo aoon 1110 the fnoulty cantle
transported, will beilin to inntruot Ohinoso journalioto to prevare
them during the war period for elorvioes to the government in Ohineee
osibassies end logatloon throughout tho world, to the ministors of *tato,
the of:emending monorele In the field, nnd slso prow� mon to ostabLish,
vublish and odit daily nowspapers In tho provin000. As rapidly as the
oonoored areas aro freed from tho invodor, nownpapors will be estnblimhdd
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
6 -
,
-;,41dimp
tvid Mr. Tong advisee us that it will be the polls,' of the government to
permit the'estsiblishment of newspaper' pie independent enterprieee es
they are in the Wilted States.
"As Mr@ Tong and I are eager to go forward with thie plan,
we seek your oounsel, the cooperation and assistance of the Universitr
404 the onartunity of being of service to our respeotive countrIes
during the var and to the profession of Journalism now and in the
future."
Thie concludee the text of the proposed letter to
President Sutler. If this meets with your approval, please draft an
appropriate letter to accompany this communioation to the President
of Columbia Thaivereity.
Oordislty, your friend.,
SWIM
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
'INFORMATION
nOuTztie EiMORT
SuWoot Confidential R 11-* on Chinoee
WaverxtgametitoomionoriotisiX
CONFIDEN I
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VOW TOCIWW.1 MIE=.1111,1a P111.004.130.-JRIesnint
Mr. Scribner 2108 Q
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
�
Keno oiroulate
this! to Oolm Buxton and the
Deputy Direotore�
Diroctorio Offia@
(5500)
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
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.7,444:40,d
4$ 41445 6'
TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN
-
menial 44.Vei_ t7i4;
1:41,4914�,� tot4 7, (1
1 4,
�7h .44�14141440
(t�1uinbi iisitir9Itpv
into ditpotlietiTork
GAADUATZ SCHOOL Or JOUR NA LI M
OPEICk OR THE DEAN
_______
N TirN SE SOHO
October 7, 1943
Dr, Hollington K. Tong Bent tho following radio letter
Octobor 21 1943 to his New lork office:
"Profoosor H. L. Cross, Mr. Richard Baker and Mr. Floyd
Rodger�, Jr., of the Columbia Groduate School of Journalism, have
arrivod in Chungking. The fourth one, Mr. Anthony Drab, ie ill in
India and will not arrivo until the latter part of next weak.
"The School of Journalism is schoduled to commonco on
October 10th. Thirty two atudents out of more than 200 applicants have
boon ehoeen. Tho entranco oxaminatione wore rigid and a aerioua attempt
WAO mado Le pick tho beet student, in Chungking, Chengtu, Kunming and
Kweilin. In the opinion of Prof0000r Croon, to whom r have shown tho
examination papore, the admitted student� Boom all well versed in Ehglish.
Ho io now buoily engagod in drawing up a curriculum for the studente e,ni
also planning their nxtraourricular activities.
"Utilizing tho time available Professor Croso and his colleagues
aro calling on the American Embassy, mooting the local American community
and in short ,qaking a study of tho local situAt ton. In a conversation with
me yratordo.y Professor Cross oaid that ho and his colloagues arc not only
going to toach but also to colloct matorial and do writing. Ho referred
to a hot of things our Overeoau Offjoc flooded and added that he and. the
������,..
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
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"Mr
2 Declassified and Approved For Release,2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
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other teaoherm would conatantly boar the �MINA@ TIMIti in mind when
they attempt turning out an7thing4 Mrs Baker; who W44 altio pro,4ent at
the convoreation; maid that he would begin right away while hia
pretimiona wore Ptill Tremhe
�AP to the PilllatandOUA IMAM@ of an announcement in the
United Otatem and ()him concerning the achool; have informed Prefemmor
Oroma that a little delay in necommaryo 14414 Ohen Tien Fang, Vice
Chafloalor of the Central Politilal Inetitutel and mymelf have met and
decided to petition the Oeneraltemtmo, concurrently Chancellor of the
Tnntitute, recommending that the School be made 4 poatgrad44t0 divimion
or the Inaltutes The joint announcement may Do made when the recomm.
mendatton in formally approved. Vice Chancellor Chen and mymelf have
aready agreed that Profemanr OrooO be made tho Oaan or the Pontgmduate
Cohool or Journalimm, IWAO recently eiced by tho flooerallagamo to he4d
that tiohool but T deolined Lho offer owing to tho faot. that. I ()bad not
be Awl from my orace oovoral diva ln the week. The burden or dlreottna
thb Pootaradnate tiohool will nal upon tht ahooldora of 11,011E1400r Crotib
AP Dean* I hope LW. Oils 0. h, Hata will oommunloate the rovog,ing
tnrormation to Doan Carl Aokerman an that he will untieratanA the, reAlian
of pootponing the annonnoement&"
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 :
Att-e 4vi (4' Jte.-v�&.-"t
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4P
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11
i
r. 11, E. Sprackling,
ice President,
aoonda Wire & Cable Company,
� Broadway,
w York, New York.
Dear Mr. Sprackling:
General Donovan is not in Washington
at the present time and is therefore not available e
consider your letter of 5 April 1944 relating to .\
Mr. Harry M. Jones.
(
i .
We have reviewed the file and f na
that Mr. Jones was evidently interviewed by Comm der
Vanderbilt of
iofc Iill March 4301t ere
1:gattiraofositioa violg70= abilities could be used. We should like to suggest
that if Mr. Jones is still interested that he sed
directly to the Personnel Procurement Bram:1h of this
ffico a statement of his education and business
xperienee and full consideration will be given to it
...
t \ We are certain that General Donovan
, truld regret not being able persmally to reply to yo
Sincerely yours,
C. A. Bane,
Lieut. (jg) USNR.
Asst. Chief, Secretariat.
Bane: rle
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
�
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April 5 .1944
Early ihnl, yehrI wrote you in behalf 1
of my good friend Harry M. Jo nou who is interest�
ed in becoming connectod wiLh the 0.8.8.
lotter iu probhbly in your rile, Lhereforo,My
will not roiterht3 whht,I then wrote.
My purpomo in writing you now iv to
hdvine thht Mr. Jonen in atl.1.1 extrumoiy intorontud
hnd inhomuch nu ho will bo in Wanhington before
long, ho han hnked no to intcrcodo in hi8 behhlf
toward tho on thht he might hhvo hn intorvIt-w
with you, rehl.Ue how very bumy you hre but
hnything you could do for Atv, Jonom will bo h big
fnvor to me.
41th kitidntit por:.onell rcard hm
:;inot.:Toly�
�
lirj,Uonerhl W.J. Donvu
ovhn
Offico of Pitrhtocic :4-rvico
6hohincton, D. C.
if -
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eswititala
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ANAc oN DA, \i 11 (Iii1I Cohi Rory
TMT: NEM' Un 0 ADWAY
OPPJ cm or VItIll i4100411)401' Nit:W.)11MR
1
March 2. 1943
Colonel William I. Donovan.
�Moo of Co-ordinator of TnformatIon.
25th mudIL1/Amite. N. R..
Waohinabon. D. C.
My deem Oolonelt-
balm thhan th liberhy of giving Mr. Harry M.
:onegi of PibtablArdill Ph* h 1.1ittor or inhroduouon to you.
Mr. Ton aa W415 h OlhN4M4b0 or mina to 001410 and
to totevaated in rtoltog OW, tr ho Ohn ho or tiny harviao to 114h
eountry In Lha %Nora whion 00100 under' ytInil mope-mil/1ton. I would
opproottabeI Li rbtfli t t r yon tronilii 1 vaI tin n
TO
WiLit RInclotit, odrimonhl voativIld, I hilt,
oinodraty yottrml
k
plyLA101
W. L. Op oa 4
Vii*, rout doh 14.
nartAcifiRd and Approved For Release 2013/07/31: CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
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4 4optomber 1043
Mr, J. hobort Rubin,
MiStro-Uoldwyn-Msyer Piotuross
Culvor City, Ualitorn14.
Dear bob:
hallo your lottor of 27 Au st 1943 tolling
Qt Lt. Robert 02 Johnson, MN, and of your hidh opinion
of him.
Lt Johnson is boing oonsidsrod for sorvloo
with ono or our branohos. I have not as yet boon
ablo to moo him personally but hops to do so soon. At
blio promont tima our allotmsnt of Naval ()Moors is
full no that I cannot request his transfor to this
organization. However, an Additional allotment Is under
oonsidoration aud 1 am hopeful that ravoruble action
will be rorthooming shortll.
Thank you for sendinA me your opinion or
Lt. Johnson. As you know, I am *lways interested in
IleaPing of good men.
8inoore1y,
william J, Donovan
Dirootor.
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
-03
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
k 41. 4
A.lot a - �
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Oeneral William J. Donovan
Office of 4trategic oervices
Waohington, D. C.
Auguat 27) 1943
My dear
I underatand that Lieutenant Itobert U. Johnson
has filed an application for aervice with your unit. lie
has asked me to communicate with you concerning him) which
I gladly do.
Firat, I would like to recall him to your mind.
During '41 when we were atItending football gamea, he occupied
the box next to us at the profeaaional gameas I think you
will remember him and hie wife who waa formerly ara. .inowdena
Immediately after the attack on Pearl Harbors
Lieutenant Johnaon joined the air force of the Navy) and
after preliminary training waa dlapatohed to Alaska where he
remained for some time. He has now returned eaat and la at
the Hotel Jtatler in Washihodon, awaiting new ordera,
1.4ieutenlint Johnson la an etArnest, nard-work.ing man)
with a variety of experiencea in exeoutLve work) and i.e Keenly
deeiroua of engaging in the activItiee which your orianization
id doing. Can you eend for him at the flotel 6taLler and talk
with him? You could then determine Cur youreelil whether or
not he would fit into your organization.
Any courteolea that you can allow I.,ieutenant Johnaon
will be greatly appreciated.
With kindeet persomil regards, am,
lura, .
//1/1.11
,
Via Air Mall.
J. hobert itubin
PM A t MPtl i tin tIttlith Ong I lit tett Itit t.Piltbb Ili %is 1 1.1.3 ANt. ',Ott I tit API Pt Ill
.4L!
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STANO.Afill FORM IfP, 114
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Office Memorandum UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
TOI noral Vit111.4m Dongvan
PROM Wootpn Howlatk
PUNRCTI
D4%TR;213 AprIl 1944
The attaohed lottfir Crom rank Orgetl ih afar-explanatory
an in the lotter *Joh he oailn to my att6ntion, I believe
you will enjoy rending it.
IL �i 1. 4 '441
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Declassed and APPrOVeCIMISielT0,. 3X40,0001R000100300001-0
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NIAP oht@rs
OFFICE OF STRATEGIC SERVICES I
OA FIFTH AVENIM
NPN YORK (CO) N,Y,
Aorli 044
AlowQm or otwortia Llano wc$ dtoouri4od tOkAll;hti w411 tiom0 0400
4go, thomW, WOUld @Noy tt oldood 104441" from 4 opphow
a mine, Ogiorgo 0. Johnoon. Jr.. to hto 1440,
Wag boy W44 4n oxp4r4 on Vi4it)fl ii 04n rly avory i,y110 1.3V NtAno
from 4 MUM to 4 OUPEP-VOTPM00. 114 h4A 4 nompleLo odontaion
La 4oron4otto41 onginfoortng 4nd Cm, thlo re4mln woo 44414norl Ln 1,h4
job or toottng now @hip� nn0 Lrotntnt4p1 lrit
no 140 Wr.i t,afl Lo h1 P4Lbar 44yIng 15b4t. for romoolio of hi A fiV44. 110
WAA tromprorang to 00 flomhbr Onmmond, WOO h1 ffitspfl hotliatly
nomotiw Ovwm4ny, UI tt f4thov wilt' no Lhon01, or witng too mon if)
4 "hh1k�JHA100f" jOb. wrnie Li) him aue,eatiu 14,1 ht* rbm4in h0 an
Inntroninv, point,ing alU I. Lbet. by rearion or hid OWD 1, ri it I u he voonid
be move valn4hle for Wo 4rmod WAP OrrhVi.. Tho bille reply anbworen
all qnont1000 4nd eraomenCo.
1 think it i A 0140010 hhh 0001.1 hes hmod mA h pisp,1011( r�le bny'Ui It
ih the avon,*1 norvi00.
Mr. Werithn Howi4nd
ol4; omonIngion.
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Dour Dad:
Horeb 14, 1944.
g.11
5,
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f:Ir.:0441;
What I have done hue upoot you - I expectod you to be unxioun but not
fte much on you apparently um HOWWW1 I don't thtnk it wine for me
to attempt bo allay your approhennton - it in well founced.
Why did I do it? Lot mo tell you about Brownlee I met him when I
firot arrivod here. He NW A very likable chap en we otruck up 4 @gild
friendahipe In the eveningn, uPtor nuppore weld nit in front, or the
Vivehlano in the lounge and over a drink would talk about flying, our
oragy college dem &lin and other trivial Then Brownie invariably
talkod about hie wire ono beby girl. Only 000ugonally would ho talk about
tho raido hold boon on.
One doy ho wont out on 4 minion over Uormnny Prom whinh he didn't oomo
book.
It 04ifie 411 4 Aho0k, hut I eat up ond took notioo of what WAN 1401Ag on.
I oow A lot or Drowniam around mo.
They aLL advlood mo AN you dtdi ilbtay whom, you aro". "Don't Ito orglAy", "You're
welI orr 4na don't know it. Thim from hoym I dr4nIt with, gamblod with 4nd
tit-unbolt-$(1 with. From boyo who wont Wont. on Lilo 0414 bonad trip. A lot or
Chom worg mgrriod gnd hod �hildron.
It woon't rah. - not by 4 domnod olghti I w44 ohogling thom - I hill no
right tO 4 00111 job. 1' v' boil IL otimy 411 my tiro U004040 yott simile it Ulla
%Illy. And whi In dgoont men with !Ivo romponmibilitigm 41.0 dying 411 over
the world, 1, with 04roI044 yg4r4 bohind mg, 4M ulvon 4 non-vomhatont
amotgnmontli
em your mon tand you Iovo mg 4g only 4 re them 0411 but yoLi otAn't dotty
the 1,Puth or it.
Therein too much moonintt in LIN end Veath for mo to continuo a aolfloh
oouroo. Lot the blooding hgerto end pnatioittnol ritrikerA boil the
riag wavorn toll ua what we're riOting for. You oan road nolrimhnomm
in livery word. noi look At A rOMPAtiOA or Fortroamom en they return
rroM A Miciolorts where pinnen nhoni4 bee there in emptingmoi thot omptIno44
gponlim oloquoutly or whet, woorg righting ror 4n0 ror the grontoot
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
� 4JA
C Agl-trrIt1,101
Marob 14th, 1944
oaorifina a man tun multo for hio country, And, if Clod will� that I
makp that otioriflop, ao bill it I will hava juotifiad my axiotanop.
BUT - do you thInk I'm worriad about what MIGHT happan? t'd bp a
narvoum wrook if I did. Ard ao you will bp if you do. Yon warp a
ooldlor in,guirorm in 1917 - bp 4 poldior in mufti in 1944.
Hpad gp ohin in - �hoot out.
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1
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 :plA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
N.;
year 21122:
71/0mAs
420 WN JOHNSON
W,' 10111 STRNRT
NNW YORK CITY
I
22, 2944
I am nrx,1 ting a eyndloate per:les,
550 newepapeza, about Generals who 'raze
oominissioned stralpht frQm tiivil 1.1.fe for
thle TVELZ � Th.i 8 0X0itta08 any who we.re inelabezu
of the Ozganized Reao.rves, Quazci, eta.
I hope it inoaudelo you and lf lt- eo tdoes will
Jr .Zet me .knqvr and r'12 g_Ladly eay so.
I thlnk I knot, the story we22 enough hat
on yo
OL needn't txouble with detal2e.
i
My eonmratulations ux
I
Geoond staxi
Sinoere2y,
/.� / , ,
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
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Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
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Ago W...�1 116M !MONT
N�IN YORK CITY
//
WATeh 1A, 1045
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Istv040080,441.
Xtll aunt hap thip findn you
in WanhinKtoni I'm vattIng a nhort pl000 foT
ROVIATIP Diront about my lant dinner of Wolld
Wox % tn Buwauoy with headquaTteTn MOno of
tho 42ud Div1.010111 It NW rather dTeglat1o,
Md alao I'm maictnp: it (% hope) beaT
monnagel never ;3? ii Gormun.
Now, WOTO you there? mo
tn who wfte# Ilve aheokad wtth good lawny*
Huvheo, Rumbaugh, Wolf, meany, and othere,
and only riftmon Tivnly011, vv ft.t3wt th me rdonal
waythtnp;0 If you were there, perhatla youill
tell me you Mtn Tooftli of the noeue, tha
drmmatto lernontim arA tha dtmloRue.
anythtnv you ofttde And oftn you atlEreet ftnyona
who may hoxe boon there? I'll 1)e Krateful for
mdictomnoe but donitg trouble tt you are buoy.
Enoloead appaftrad in Tho sun Eater
had our: aoted they do domethlop; on thd
aematcen6Oth Won.
Oinoorely,
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Mr. John F. Royal,
National Broadcasting Co., Inc.,
RCA Building,
New York City.
/tear Johni
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Aigta..4t4FIFI441
September 1943
I have your letter of August 31st. I am taking
it up with the British and will let you know what they
say.
I am leaving within a few days. It might well be
that I would be back in London around the time you say..
I would like to see you both.
Sincerely,
William J. Donovan
Director
.1�Ir ���
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4
41
Declassified and Approved For Release 2013/07/31 : CIA-RDP13X00001R000100300001-0
Mr. William Stephenson
General Donovan
Here's a copy of a letter from John Royal. I
give it to you just as it was sent to me. What do you
think?
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Brigadier General William J Donovan
Office of Strategic Services
Washington D C
My dear Friend:
August 31 1943
Now that things are shaping up ao well in Italy, we have been anxious to
send Max Jordan there as our representative. If there is any one place
in the world he could be valuable - not only to ourselves, but to the
cause, it would be in Italy. I have reason to believe that if we sent
him over, we might still have difficulty in getting him through Trinidad
or Bermuda, because of the attitude of the British, which we have discussed
in the past. I know you are well acquainted with this situation, and
would like your advice on the procedure. It was intimated to us that
the British would not take such a firm stand unless it was sympathetically
received by our people, and when Jordan requested hie parsport through the
State Department, there was no hesitancy in giving it to him. We did
not mention the previous "incident" to the State Department officials.
In the past Jordan, perhaps, was a little gullible, but his intentions
were right, and he had been very helpful in other ways at that time, to
which our American representatives can testify. He speaks Italian like
a native, ari has close contacts in the Vatican.
We did not wish to make an issue of it in the past, and do not wish to
do so now, but the matter might get out of our hands, because several
newspaper men have asked us when Jordan returns to Europe.
Would appreciate any help you can give us in this matter.
Niles Trammell and I are figuring on going to London around the first
week in October. Are you, by chance, going to be there?
With cordial good wishes, I aracs
Very
00,
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January 20, 1942
Mr. Joseph V. McKee
Attorney andAounselor at Law
14 Wall Street
New York City
Dear Joe:
took up with Edger Hoover the
matter of Edward F. Johnson, Jr.
Here is a copy of Mr. Hoover s
letter to me. I hope the boy mnkes out
all ri6t in his re-oviminntions
J. Dolovnn
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.10114 EGA' HOOVER
DIRECTOR
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United etotto Drourtineut of ituitirt
Illastlingtou, EL T.
January 16, 1942
Colonel William J. Donovan
Coordinator of Information
23rd and E Streets, N. W.
Washington, D. C.
Dear Bill:
By reference from Mr. E. A. Tamm of this Bureau,
I have your letter with which you transmitted a letter from
Honorable Joseph V. McKee in behalf of Mr. Edward F. Johnson,
who is an applicant for appointment to the position of
Special Agent in the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
I regret to advise that Mr. Johnson failed to attain
satisfactory ratings in the tests afforded him in October,
1940. However, in view of your interest and the interest of
Mr. McKee in this young man, arrangements are being made for
him to be afforded a reexanination in the near future. You
may be assured his case will be given careful consideration
in the event it is possible to utilize his services at some
future date.
Mr. McKee's letter is being returned herewith for
your files.
With kind regards,
Enclosure
Sincerely yours,
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Dear Bill:
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December 20) 1941
Can you hell4 mu in tho following mattor?
Through J. nerbert Todd or Todd Shipyards)
4M dooply IntorQsLvd in Mr. 41ward F. Johnson, Jr.
Who im tho mon of M. N. Ja Johnoonl Managor or the
Prineo Lino Dopartmont of Purnoan) Withy & Company)
Ltd. Thu young man is twenty-sevon yoarm old) a grad-
uato or John Marmhall College and John Mar:lhall College
of Law. Ho wam admlttud to practice In tho t;tato of
Now Jorsoy In 1W40.
Mr, Johnson is anxious to got a as
an invest1;:ator with tho Fed oral tiuronu of Invoatign-
tion and.t am wondoring ir you on oonmimtontLy holp
place him with that liuronu.
to no L8 or oxomtattry oharactor and Compotnt
do a job voquiring tacit, inauntry and ablitty.
1 sho.L1 bo dooply approolatty0 or any
a:4aistanoo you may possIbly Ivo obit; to rondov in
tho wator.
M:h
With boat porsonal wl:.hos, 1 am
V,ry truly yours,
fronorablo WILliam J. Doll...wan,
W MA tor t C.
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December 30, 1941
Dear Joe:
have your letter and I will
be glad to do all I can with the FBI.
Of course, the main fact to be stressed
is that the boy is endorsed by you.
With best wishes.
binCerely,
!Ir. Joseph V. .:oKee
Attorney and Counselor Rt Law
14 Wall Street
New York City
cc - Mr. Tarim,
FBI
Murphy:F(v
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Mr. Bdwnrd A. Tom
Federal Bureau of Invevtigation
Washington, D. C.
in sendiv the onolesed
letter from n former Nyor of Ifew York,
Joseph V. MoKoe, together with h oopy of
nky reply.
T, Pons)van
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SECRET
MEMORANDUM FOR COLONEL DONOVAN:
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February 2, 1942
return her your memorandum and the
letter from Mr. L. E. H. Smith. Mr. Jarowscheviez
sounds like very bad news indeed. He and his
group are reliably reported to be conducting anti..
Roman Catholic propaganda among the Poles and
anti-Orthodox among the Russians. I can't imagine
a better way to antagonize tile Poles at this mo-
ment than to give him any encouregement at all.
As for his convictions on the subject of
religious freedom in Russia and his proposed activ-
ities in distributing Bibles there, a comment seems
superfluous. My hunch is that Mr. Smith is too
enthusiastic a joiner of movements.
, ���S.�-�
v(r-./
All'hn C. Wiley.
�����!�Mirl
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COORDINATOR OF INFORMATION
WASHINGTON, D. C.
janutiry 31, 19414
Hem is u letter from L. E. a. Smith in bariulo,
who bus been identifiud wilJi u good ninny movumunts.
I do not kw w whothur or ii'. t1 jut.0 nu: tiny murit.
Viould you t!lito h look it it /ma Le'. mi. Know your
reuction.
4�Y N".*
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Affilidted with T1s d 1110111101111111 Society of Citristiott EtitiedVOY
&FAIT HEADQUAlttlitlfig POWDIINTIAL BUILDING, Dumfna
January 29, 1942
Colonol William J. Donovan
CordInator or InCormation for tho Proaidont
Otato Dopartmont
WauhInGton, D. Q.
Doar Dill,
Thoro la a nut Lor which hew oomo to my attontion which 1 think
haaNtromondous possibillUos. Mr. K. ,(4. J!ympoh*Iviot, who la tho
proeidont or the Union of Ghurohou or Uhrist in Poland, le in thin
country duato porsocution which ho rootpivOd at Uka hands of tlu) Uormn.nri
In tho porformanoo of his dutios. ho la an motional typo and Mn n
vory harrowint, talc to Loll, but ho hal intoroaLf?d nom vory woalthy
and Influontlal po10 in hia �atm.
Ho nirondy hn hnd novon minuto audience with tho
hnt probnbly wnn not ni0o to proporly proaont nimnoir in such n Limn.
r,.y purpose in 1,vritinc to you Is that in public uttorancoa, whi�h
nlv.nyn to In rt audionoen ID vnrloun nectionn or country, ho is
innintent thnt tho Prouldcnt WOO oorroot In sayint, Walt Lhoro lu ml ;1
froodom In Russia. To n innehoon of roaponalblo pooplo In PittnhurGh InGt
wook, ho propodod thmL ho be !stein ono of n conmInnion or ihroo 140 Lc) to
Runnin and proouro nlatomvnin /Ind InformutI,n rrom tho Evnnr,olIonl cLurchou
or Uunnin, which ntotomentn would nuhnLantint0 rronident. Ho wou10.
,� � �qn. to his ilottra,
114) NMI Aillr,riettll 011)10 :,;c6C in Ly !inn
to ho ;mod in dintrIbutint, hiblon In Ruu,In� A p-rti,n ,r tLin money could
Lo tOwrked thin miasion. SOno wenithy pooplo hnvo iii no adiloo to
11indzI. Thoro nm 0 pOLoilti411L0h In thlti preipect 0,1(10 from his
1,4J odinte objoctivo.
:/�1.1
ha hrtn nj ()Mao in Now York City oopunittoos In vnrloul otnrr
I think this would ha worth y. w wb ii o to ,irri tho In TI] I rot
do 1 hollovo In thin that 1 woLld hnvo 1,0 hositincy in boinc, q:.6cinteAci
Jnrownehovicz, if you oaro to InNionti,nte him furthor, It
to do, if you loow IL ndvinable, i will .o-to to '0%.0c.tli ton rks.! orinfor
vi I I I
ovor thin 11Th I.
Lvory nrticio about You In Ihr r' r' *Tin
to Old Llmvnii
LLaasuma
your Cr
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L. E. h. '
110
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To Allen W. Dulles
From George K. Bowden
Re: Jewish Trade Council Dinner
April' 38, 1942�
Adolph Held, President of the Amalgamated Bank,
New York City, and Chairman of the Jewish Labor Committee,
gave a dinner at the Brevcort Hotel April 15, 1942, for
the benefit of this office. Bowden and MoDonough
attended. The dinner lasted from 8100 o'clook P.M. to
10:a0 ololook P.M. Most of the time wam taken up with
speeches made by guests. Hold politely excused the
representatives of the Coordinator's office from speaking.
All the guest* offered to cooperate fully with
the Coordinator as a source of information on a voluntary
beide. The guests included the following (Bibliography
furnished by Held)s
Alb rto Oianoa. Former editor of "XI MondoN in
ome; is o 'the leaders of the 0Justioia a
Liberte m democratic, and entimftscist organize.
tion in Paris and now in the U.S�
Jean Rollin. Well known French journalist, worked
1Wborms until the fell of France. Resigned from
his position because of the now politics of this
agency after retain came to power. Now working
for Reuter' s News Agency.. Associated hero with
"France Opelika."
Raphael Abramovitchi Member of the executive of
e s liiiiinational. Editor in chief of
the Russian Socialist magazine 0Socialist Courter".
Chairman of the delegation of the Russian Social.
Democratic Party.
Jules Deutsoh. Former WarmUlnister in Austria,
WarEigiiiriastrian socialist labor leader. Genm
oral of the International Brigade in the Spanish
Civil War.
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Em.*nu Novo ro4atz0 General Monitory ef the
ew o a Polity in Poland (Build) and repro.
sentative of the Jewish sooialist underground
movement in Poland.
Friedrioh Ste for. For many years the editor.in*
coo eoen roil organ of the German Sooial.
Demooratic Party In Berlin, NForwore. One of
the famous leader* of the soolal.demooratio party
of Germany,
Nicolai Avxentieff* Former minister of Russia in
IVE77�tiilii'most important leaders of the
Russian social-revolutionary party.
Joiaph Batton* One of the leaders of the Catholic
ra4�iion movement in France. Zaoaped to England
atter the fall of France. 04Mat to the Unitod States
to the conference of the International Labor Office
with Mr. Henry Hauok, labor minister of the Free
French Government in London. Now amsooiated with
France Speaks."
Vanni Montana. Secretary of the Italian Socialist
isTRY�Drgii�York. Assistant editor of IlJustioiallo
Publicity direotor of the Xtelion.American Labor
Council; educational director of Local SO, LL,G.W.U.
Vladslaw Malinowski* One of the leaders of the
raTilifrairiir6vement in Warsaw; representative
of the Central Committee of the Polish socialist
party and the underground movement in Poland.
Nathan ChAnin. Member of the Executive of the Jewish
LIEFF1Wirirffe0.
Isiah Minkoffs Member of the Executive of the Jewleh
NIFFTEiTriefie
Jaoob Pat. Member of the Exeoutive of the Jewish
Eirirriaimittee�
Benjamin Tabachinsk Member of the Executive of
e ew a or ommitteee
2.
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It will be noted that the guests were seleated
with the view to obtaining representatives from the
various parts of Europe.
The dinner was given under the auspiees of the
Jewish Labor Committee. Most of the epeakere were not
Jewish. The speakers were, however; for the most part
trade unionists.
The subject matter of the speeohes comes within
the field of the 1'4,0. rather than our diviaion.
Generally there.werecriticimms of the Coordinator's
shortwave brcadoasting. The speakers and a summary of
their remarks follow:
Vladslaw Malinowski. He is a young intelleotual,
lirriTrgoivuirr."Irasy--pe.' He spoke clearly, in English.
Poland has a mass of underground movements. Many
of these are organized looally. There is liaison
between the groups. The groups publish local
newepapers. The speaker produced a copy Which
he said was typical of the get.up. The specimen
was of hand bill size containing 10 or 12 pages of
printed matter. The underground movement needs
financial support. The support of the United
States government would be appreciated.
Most of the Polish underground movements are
con4uoted by laborers. The organization of thee
movevents was based in large part upon the remnants
of the old trade labor groups in Poland.
Short wave broadcasting from America could be
helpful in encouraging and strengthening the
underground movements. Broadcasts should be made
at no regular schedule. If made at regular times
the Germans could more easily detect the listeners.
These labor groups engaged in underground move�
ments have radio sets. The broadcasts are a source
of information to these Pole. Recipients
of the broadcasts circulate the news by WWI
of newspapers and orally. The broadcasts should
be in Polish. The listeners would in large part
be laboring men. The subject matter of the broad
casts should be made attractive to laborers,
r ved For
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Preferably, broadcasts should be made by Poles
identified with the labor movement. The broadm
oasts should not be for cultural entertainment.
They should supply news useful to ntrengthsn
the labor movement and its opposition to Nati
control.
Emanuel Novo reAtAkz. General Secretary of the .
Tewij Jooii.t7Party in Poland.
He speaks in fluent English. He described the
horrible condition of the Poles in Rusiia. To
Poles food is the problem. Starvation is their
fear. Broadcasts to Polish Jews should be in
Yiddish and hold out to them hopes of food.
Abramovitoh. Mditor.inwohief of the
WiliadiriBainiriagamine NOocialist 0our1.ero.
He in aged. He looks and speaks as though he
hum carried the weight of the world on his shoulders
for a long time. Hie English is impel:A*11y
clear, He spoke extemporaneously. Mr. Held's
intention had been that the Russian situation be
covered by Nioollai Avxentier, former Kerensky
Minister, but he had to leave before his time
for gpeaking arrived to address another meeting.
Abramovitch stated that the Russian Socialist
Democratic Party had declared an armistice with
Stalin for the duration of the war because Hitler,
not Stalin, Was the real menace. The Russian
Socialist Democrats were supporting the Soviets
in their war.
Abramovitch argued for 000peration between all
Leftists in the fight against Hitler.
The Russian army, just prior to the wer, nuabered
four million, The percentage of the followers
of Stalin in the army wasperhaps 80%. With the
army enlarged the percentage fell rapidly end now
perhaps less than 50% of the soldiers are by
political creed followers of Stalin. Russia is a
long way from presenting a united front in its
fight against Hitler. Nor has internal political
4
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disoord *eased. There are today in Greater
Ruud,* fifteen million people in coneentration
�amps. Reoently two prominent Socialists who
last year were released from prison by the
Russisas have again been imprieonede
The Soviets favored a peace with Germany last
November� The generals, however, beaus, it
pride opposed the peaoe and were in favor of
claming on the war to the end, however bitter
that might be. Eltolin supported his generals
instead, of his politioal Isadore. Abramovitoh
thought that now there would be no separate
and premature peace. Abramovitoh oomplained
of the English propaganda in respeot of Soviet
Russia, He termed this an apology for Russien
Totalitarianism", He thought we should still
oontinue our opposition to such form of govern.
ment* This criticism Russia should, however
be oonotruotive and shot...,6 not interfere with t
effeotive proseoution of the war.
Al flt011pli, Auctrian Sooialist and former
or efilitririn Austria. Deutsoh speaks English
with oaution but with olarity* His enunciation
is distinctly foreign* His opeeoh was by far the
most thought provoking of any delivered during
the evening. He endorsed the short wave broaa..
wilts from America as avary effective meana of
warfare* In Austria there are many listeners to
American broadoaets*
The subjeot of the broadcasts *hcald be determined
by who are the listeners* There are two classes
of listeners: trade unionists and soldiers. The
broadoasile should be designed to be of interest
to labor and the military* Droadoosting is an
effective meane of (strengthening the trade union
movement* This movement is the aouroo of strength
aoinst the Natio*
Radio speakers should preferably be native* of
the country to whom the broudoast is addressed*
Deutooh favored speaker. with political knowledmo
and experience in preference to scholars.
Osre should be used in selecting politioal props.
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Ronda. He oritioixed Any broadcAsting from
America favoring the return of the Harieburge.
Thie le very undemirable to Austrian labor
lnd would do muoh to weaken the movement amongst
laborer@ for the overthrow of the NW. Millie.
Austrian broadoAsts should not preach pan.
Germania* Doutodh Oppeeed A mot schedule for
Amerioan broAdoamtm become* thim would impicrtl
listeners And reduoe the volume of listeners.
riedcioh St m fes. Xditor.in.chief of the
*moan 155a mApmooratio Party's publioation
sfOrwardo. He, too, le old And shows the weer
and tier phymioAlly of hi* opposition to Semis.
He *poke tn German. Hold tranolAted.
When Hitler took over there were six million
Soolal.DemoerAto in Germany. Driven from Germany,
the party established headquarters in Prague.
When the war broke out the headquarters were
ohanged to London whore they now remain,
Otamptor lapt year Attended party counotla in
London*
Stanger praised the tnolish handling of French
broadoaota0 Theo* broadomoto were by Irrenolmen
to Frenohment, He conaidored oolorleoe the British
broadoeets to Germany. Thew, wore mainly by
British to Germane. They were composeciA tnglieh
and tranolatod into Germane They were artifioial
and Innoououo. He recommended that 0.0.I� broad.
�apt In German to Germano by Germano. He rectos".
mended that Gorman labor Isadore now in exile in
thin oountry be Limed for thia ptiPpOgo, He etkted
that there were available hero twenty Gorman
political refugees, former memboro of the Gorman
National Ameombly, Ho was sure, thees mon would
000perato in thone broadoastis,
Joon Rollin. He lo a yoUng6 vigoroue Journalist
war/Wofirf of ilVranoe Opeake" and a oorroopondont
ti.
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The aeoonsion of Laval would strengthen in France
the opposition to the NAZig, NOW there is a muoh
better chance of bringing About 000poration bem
tween the various groups opposing the Germano And
Italians', This country should immediately address
Its broadcasts to Trench sailors, The Germans have
done effective work in mating amongst these sailors
anti...British fooling. The Gorman propaganda has
not been effeativo an to the United Staten. Mono.,
Americen propagenda will be more effective than
British Amongst the sailors.
Rollin critiolsed the absence of political bread's.
oasts by the 0.0.1, He strongly urged that scholars
and sooiAlitem be taken off the air and that
French refugees formerly oonnooted with the trade
movement in France be permitted to broadcast in
French to French masses,
Vanqi Montana, He is personable. He is a vigorous
anirnaTrspeaker.
Montana oritiolAsd the Italian broadoaets under the
auspioes of the 0.0$I. He was disappointed that
the 0.0.1. did not employ Blaney Yrafelt. Tomkins
employment wee a bad mistake. He oriticiEed the
Short Wave Ageno) and its staff. He said that
Italian broadcasts were being composed in English
and translated into Italian. These broadcasts
should be oomposed in Italian. It neoemearyo they
oould be translated into English* Advmnturers and
pro.raeolets were being employed by 040,34 rather
than anti.rasoists. No labor ropresentAtion had
been given. Hs urged the use ot the radio as an
effective means of propaganda in Italy, provided
Italians with labor baokgrounde be permitted to
brdadoast soript composed tn Italian and desIgned
to interest Italian labor. He adiked that the 0.0.1.*
cooperate with and ma4:4, use of talent facilities
of the Italian Labor 0ouno11. the Mossini flooistyp
the Italian Socialist Party. Montana rotate&
that Mussolini WAS never popular in Italy. In
the last real elootion In Italy Mumma/n.1 obtained
only thirty five out of the five hundred seats in
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the National Assembly and of those thirty-five,
twenty.five were gained only through political
trades.
Antonini. Vice-Presidont of the Italian Labor
Touncil in New York, prominent Italian leader.
(He appeared in the absence of Alberto Cianca
who, because of another engagement, was unable
to attend the dinner). Antonini is quite
Americanized. He is a vigorous, forceful speaker.
He recommended an active broadcasting oampaign
from the United States. To Italians America is
a great country. There is a warmth of feeling,
particularly in southern Italy and Sicily for
the United States. Many Italians' lives have been
enriched by their annual Christmas checks from
relatives residing in the United States, Christmas
this last year was the first that the checks did
not come. This has had a profound effect upon
Italians benefiting from American support.
He accused the 0.0./. of appointing pro.Pascist
speakers on their radio broadcasts. He recommended
the use of Italian labor leaders to broadcast to
members of the trade unions in Italy.
In propaganda to Italy the C.O.I. ahould appro. �
elate that Italy is an occupied country and that
tho feeling against the Germans is bitter, parti.
oularly in southern Italy. He stated that the
feeling is so bitter in Sicily that it was necessary
to move to the northern part of Italy thousands
of Sicilians to permit German operations with
safety in Sicily.
Summary: Laborers in Axis dominated Edropean
cities have access to short wave reception sets. Soldiers
have access to these sets. Both classes listen to broad-
casts. Information obtained in broadcasts is printed
in newspapers by trade unions and circulated by hand
amongst the members. Broadcasts from America should
be designed to appeal to labor AM to strengthen the
trade union movements. Natives of the countries to whom
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the broadcasts are addressed ihould be used as ra4i0 .
apes:kers, Cultural programs should be omitted' Sooialitee
and soholars should not be enoouragood. Natives with labor
baokgrouadw should be used for speaking.
The above were the r000mmendations of eaoh weaker
at the dinner*
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