CONGRESSIONAL RECORD- HOUSE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP11M01338R000400470112-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 13, 2013
• Sequence Number: 112
• Publication Date: April 21, 1983
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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H238.
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD'? HOUSE
tide of insss; insanity' and, mass murder;
too few men willing to be different:,
In Nazi Germany, there 'were not
enough uncommon. men to stop: the
Holocaust; and in. the Soviet Union
tinder Stalin; there were 'too few un-
common men to stop the programs
and purges.
"We will never understand totalitar-
ianism if we do not understand that
people rarely' have the strength to be
uncommon," said Ionesco:
? It would also be correct to saY that
we will never understand genocide if
we do not understand that, people
rarely have the strength to be differ-
ent when confronted with masa same-
ness. ?
If we were to, Study the causes of
genocide, I think we would find that
before the actual act of slaughter,
great and continous pressures were
being brought-to bear on. the people to
conform, to toe the official line,: to
support the. final solution, to solve the
Armenian question.
All individuals are pressured in some
? way to conform, to some act or, deed or
thought- Surely 'each of us who are
Members.. of -Congress feel the great
and 'continuous pressure. to support
party policy; or administration policy,
orthe. demands, of constituents,. Surely
each of us understands,. the strength it
takes to be. uncommon- ?
? It should be clear then to Members
of' this body that, we must-make a spe-
cial ? effort to be tolerant.. of difference.
We must not be iunitive toward those
who act in an =Common manner..
Had ?the Ottoman Dirks been toler-
ant, of difference, there would not
have been. an Armenian genocide_ Had
the Nazis been tolerant of others?
there would not have been a Hole-
The great strength of this country
has come from 'its individuals and the
Nation's desire to protect and respect
the feelings and opinions_ of the Ina.
vidnal, the ultimate minority.
In such an environment,. mass
slaughter is unthinkable: It only be-
comes possible in an environment of
forced commonality and coerced con',
f enmity.
? If we de nothing e/se today; let us
strive ? for greater tolerance of differ-
ence; let us' try harder 'to ? understand
those who are uncommon; let its be
perceptive enough to recognize the
dangers inherent in a large group, of
people. who march to the same' drum-
mer, let its be wise enough te smile at
the solitary marcher:sr.
FIFTH ANNUAL OLIN E. TEAGUE
AWARD PRESENTED TO? VA
NURSE
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
a previous order of the House, the gen-,
tleman from Mississippi (Mr. MONT-
GOMERY) is recognized for 5 minutes.
e Mr. MONTGOMERY. Mr. Speaker,
a Veterans' Administration clinical
specialist in rehabilitation nursing,
Ms. Mary Ann Mikulic, R.N., of Seat-
? tle, has one the Olin. E. Teague Award
for her' work in the rehabilitation of
war-injured veterans-
The' ?amitial award goes: to a VA em-
ployee or group of employees working
as a. team,,, whose achievements have
been of special benefit to veterans
with service-connected injuries; It was
named in honor of the late LT.& Con-
.gressman from Texas who served as
chairman of' the Committee' on Veter-
ans" Affairs for 20' years..
Ms; Miltullo 'was selected for this
year's award from nominations_stib-
mitted by VA facilities around the
country. She has served at the VA
Medical Center. in Seattle; Wash.,
since 19:75;? when she assumed the posi-
tion of clinical specialist' in rehabilita-
tion nursing.. .
During.. this period; Ms. ?Miktlic has
conducted studies; on patient treat-
'meat issues' that impede OT promote
rehabilitatiom and her work has been
extensively published in professional
'
journals.- She has also taught and par-
.ticipated in development of the facul-
ty for nine' VA regional medical educa-
tion center programs; in rehabilitation-
related issues: ? "
She has been ,widely recognized in
the non,--VA professional comratinity as
well. A recipient of the ,Army . Com-
mendation Medal in 1981, Ms. Mikulie
has also received the National Associ-'
ation. of Rehabilitation Nurses Certifi-
cate of Appreciation for outstanding
service..
Ms: Miktilid: joined VA in 1952 as a
staff nurse at the agency' S 'Vanceuver,
Wash.? hospital. She has taught at the
University of Washington School of
Medicine since 1975; and: is a colonel in
_the ArrOY. Nurse Colts, U.S. Army Re-
serves; She received her nursing
degree from the -University of Port-
land in 1946 and her masters and pest-
- masters from the University of Wash-
ington. ? ?
Mn Speaker, the presentation of
this award speaks; eloquently for its
worthy recipient; for the overall excel-
Ience of' VA's- Department of Medicine
arid Surgery; and most especially, for
the achieve/tents of the man in whose
name this; award is offered-Indeed, I
cannot imagine a more fitting tribute
to the man who. ? accomplished more
for veterans, particularly the disabled
veteran, than any. single American in
our Nation's; history: Olin Teague'S
legacy of determination and forth-
rightness can only inspire those of Us
who fallow him. ?
The award will be presented to Ma.
Mikiffle by VA Administrator Harry N.
Waiters in a specie ceremony this
afternoon. I am 'delighted ,that Mrs.
Olin Teague and her son, James M.
Teague; will: be attending the cere-
mony. . '
TI 501 ;
HMEAR?.
-
EXTENSIONR7OP. ITS PROPA-
GANDA EFFORTS,
The SPEAKER pro tempere. Under
a? previous order of the House, the gen-
April 21,1983
tleman from. Florida : (Mr. Youna) is
recognized for 10; minutes. .
gr-MEa.,?Y.OLING'ofrFliirida.. Mr: Speak-
er; - member of the Permanent
Select; Committee' on Intelligence, I
have; devoted a, great -deal of time to
the investigation, of Soviet active
measures; operations- in the United
States and throughout the world.
Through these activities, the Soviets
are attempting to undermine the
credibility of' our Nation.
Our committee and the. American- in-
telligence community received tremen-
dous Insight into Soviet active meas-
ures operations last- July when Starlit-
inv. Levchenko, a former high-ranking
KGB offfter and active measures sp-e-
-cialist in Japan who defected to ? the
United States in .1979; testified before
our -committee: He was the 'first Soviet
active' measures officer ? to; make him-
self available to our intelligence orga-.,
nizations:
During his- testimony, Mt. Lev-
cherika provided detailed' accounts of
Soviet active measures operations he ?
was directly involved with in Japan.
His testimony provided valuable evi-
dence and insight into these-Soviet. -ac-
tivities, and, even: though --he was not
directly involved with the active meas-
ures campaign in our country,. we
learned from the CIA and iota. that
Soviet influence' operations such as his
In Japan are'similar to th.ose employed
by the Soviet Union in the United
States and throughout the world..
From, testimony of the CIA and de-
tailed guest-inning: of Mr: - Levchenko,
our committee determined without a
doubt that Mr:. ?Levchenko's informa-
tion, was accurate and that he was pre-
senting- it in the best interest of the
United States. The CIA researched
and investigated' Mr. ? Levchenko and
his: statements' and assured the com-
mittee that they were accurate and' of
great value in providing new informa-
tion and validating established tech-
niques for spotting Soviet active meas-
ures operations.
-According to the testimony of the.
CIA:
The information that he gave us we have
? been, able to check out through various
other means, and we are satisfied not only
that he told the truth, but also ,that the
extent of the information that he gave us
was so damaging to the Soviet cause that ft
would be inconceivable that he . might be
under Soviet KGB contr.ol..
As a -result of Mr: Levehenko's testi-
mony, which the CIA labeled as,deva;s-
tat-Mg to the Soviet Union, the Soviet
Government, following a secret trial,
sentenced him to death in absentia? ?
the most severe' penalty the ? Soviet
Government' Cari pass down to one of
its citizens. This in itself "demonstrates
the impact his, testimony has had on
the Soviet,
- Still,. the Soviet:Union, in a last gasp
attempt- to discredit Mr: Levchenko,
has turned its active measures appara-
tus against hith. Using a standard
active measures technique known as
disinformation, the official Soviet
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April 21, 1983
CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE
Government newspaper Isvestiya car-
ried in February a lengthy smear
attack on Mr. Levchenko. The attack
included false quotations attributed to
him which called into question his mo-
tivation for defecting and his mental
and physical state, it claimed he was
acting as a puppet of the U.S. Govern-
ment, and implied that the members
of the committee held a negative atti-
tude toward him.
None of Lsvestiya's statements could
be further from the truth. The mem-
bers of the committee were greatly im-
pressed by Mr. Levchenko's knowledge
and understanding of the complex
Soviet active measures operation and
were moved by his willingness to risk
his life to assist our Government. As
he said in his testimony:
? I have provided the Central Intelligence
Agency with the information I had. I hope
this information will help the cause of de-
fending the free world against the menace
of Soviet expansionism and aggression.
These are not the words of an
American puppet, they are the words
of a former higher echelon Soviet citi-
zen who became so disenchanted and
resentful of the Soviet system, that he
fled to the ;United States to gain his
long deprived freedom.
In testimony to our committee, Mr.
Levchenko detailed the expansive
Soviet active measures operation in
Japan, which included the use of con-
tacts in the Japanese media and the
Japanese Government. Needless to
say, his testimony shook Japan. The
Japanese press has been investigating
Mr. Levchenko's testimony since I first
made it public last December, and de-
spite the lies the Soviets are attempt-
ing to spread about Levchenko, even
the official newspaper of the Japanese
Communist Party, Akahata, has ac-
knowledged the accuracy of his testi-
mony. Aka.hata has accurately report-
ed his testimony to the Japanese
people and has added details of its
own which confirm Mr. Levchenko's
information. The Japanese Govern-
ment, in addition, has publicly ex-
pressed its faith in his testimony.
As the Japanese have learned, it is
imperative that people throughout the
world be aware of increasing Soviet ef-
forts to tip the balance of peace.
While the threat posed by Soviet
weaponry has received great attention,
the growing list of successful Soviet
propaganda campaigns continues to be
ignored. '
By presenting information on Soviet
active measures such as its smear cam-
paign against Mr. Levchenko, the
American people will have a better un-
derstanding of Soviet operations
aimed at discrediting the United
States. It is only through an informed
American public that We will be able
to successfully challenge this Soviet
threat to our Nation's freedom and se-
curity.?
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
a previous order of the House, the gen-
tleman from Texas (Mr. GONZALEZ) is
recognized for 30 minutes.
[Mr. GONZALEZ addressed the
House. His remarks will appear hereaf-
ter in the Extensions of Remarks.]
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
a previous order of the House, the gen-
tleman from Illinois (Mr. ANNUNZIO) is
recognized for 5 minutes.
[Mr. ANNUNZIO addressed the
House. His remarks will appear hereaf-
ter in the Extensions of Remarks.]
MORTGAGE RELIEF FOR
VETERANS
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
a previous order of the House, the gen-
tleman from Alabama (Mr. SHELBY) is
recognized for 5 minutes.
? Mr. SHELBY. Mr. Speaker, today
my Subcommittee on Housing and Me-
morial Affairs began hearings on the
VA housing program. One of the bills
being considered is H.R. 2618 which I
introduced on Tuesday.
This bill would provide- financial
relief to unemployed veteran home-
owners facing foreclosure. If a veteran,
through no fault of his own, is at least
6 months delinquent in his mortgage
payments, the VA would be authorized
to set up an escrow account in his
behalf to make him current and pro-
vide up to 6 months of additional
relief. This assistance could be ex-
tended, if necessary, but in no event
could the total monetary advance
exceed $8,400.
This measure is specifically geared
to those needy veterans who are suf-
fering from the effects of unemploy-
ment, underemployment or serious ill-
ness. Recent statistics indicate that
800,000 Vietnam and disabled veterans
are unemployed.
Mr. Speaker, I feel this is important
legislation for us to consider_ The
economy appears to be on the upswing
but there are many veterans who con-
tinue to be unemployed. The chances
are good, however, that they will be
able to get back on their feet shortly.
Meanwhile, foreclosures are at an
alltime high. We must do something
to help our veterans during this inter-
im period of economic adversity. As
you know, the House Banking, Fi-
nance and Urban Affairs Committee
has reported legislation which would
establish a new revolving fund to
assist homeowners facing foreclosure
on home mortgage loans not insured
by the Federal Housing Administra-
tion or the Farmers Home Administra-
tion. Although this measure would
help some veterans, we believe our bill
provides an alternative remedy.
It should be noted that our bill re-
quires no new money from taxpayers
to provide this assistance. This pro-
gram would be funded out of existing
revolving funds currently used to pay
claims. It is possible that this bill
could even prove cost effective by sub-
stituting this mortgate payment ad-
vance for the high expenses currently
incurred by the Veterans' Administra-
H 2309
tion in paying claims of lenders, insti-
tuting foreclosure procedures and re-
selling acquired properties.
I am pleased to say that my bill is
cosponsored by the chairman of the
full committee, the gentleman from
Mississippi, Mr. SONNY MONTGOMERY;
the ranking minbrity member of the
subcommittee, Mr. CHRISTOPHER
SMITH Of New Jersey; Mr. BOB EDGAR
of. Pennsylvania, the distinguished
chairman of our Subcommittee on
Hospitals and Health Care and a gen-
tleman who is known for championing
the cause of all veterans; Mr. LANE
EVANS of Illinois, a Vietnam veteran
and outstanding member; and Mr.
BILL RICHARDSON of New Mexico, a dis-
tinguished member of the subcommit-
tee who is vitally interested in assist-
ing veterans in need, especially those
who served in Vietnam.
Mr. Speaker, it is my intention to
mark up this vital piece of legislation
in the near future.*
NELSON AND WINNIE MANDELA:
HONORARY U.S. CITIZENS
The SPEAKER pro temliore. Under
a previous order of the House, the gen-
tleman from Michigan (Mr. CROCKETT)
is recognized for 5 minutes.
? Mr. CROCKETT. Mr. Speaker,
Nelson Mandela, black nationalist and
leader of the antiapartheid movement
in South Africa, has said: "To over-
throw oppression has been sanctioned
by humanity and it is the highest aspi-
ration of every free man."
As we in the 98tli Congress continue
to discuss the issues before us, the
author of those words, Nelson Man-
dela, is serving the 21st year of his life
sentence for advocating the abolition
of racial apartheid in South Africa.
His wife, Winnie Mandela, is beginning
the 21st year of her banning in South
Africa for her own part in founding
the now-banned Black Parents Associ-
ation in South Africa.
Mr. Speaker, those Members who
have taken the initiative to learn
about South Africa know of the con-
tinuing oppression of blacks by the
South African GovernMent, and the
continuing repression of dissent in any
form by that racist government.
While he has been cut off from vir-
tually all outside contact during his
_ imprisonment, Nelson Mandela re-
mains, nonetheless, a focal point of op-
position in South Africa. Today, he is
? recognized as the leader of the strug-
gle for the liberation of South Africa
by virtually every independent black
political figure inside South Africa, as
well as by a growing number of whites.
Winnie Mandela, whose banishment
from her family and friends to the
small town of Brandfort, South Africa,
has brought her great hardship, has
been "free" only 11 months since 1962.
In recognition of Nelson and Winnie
Mandela's contributions to the strug-
gle for civil and human rights in the
world, I have introduced legislation to
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CONGRESSIONAL RECORD ? HOUSE
make them honorary citizens of the
United States, and to urge our Gov-
ernment and the Government of
South Africa to free the Mandelas
from their imprisonment as political
prisoners. I invite those Members who
have not yet indicated their interest in
cosponsoring these resolutions to con-
tact my office.
Mr. Speaker, the apartheid system
in South Africa is the last bastion of
colonialism and systematized racism,
where the entire government and
social structure is built on 'violence,
economic exploitation and deprivation
of basic human rights and civil rights.
The Government of the United States,
the Security Council and General As-
sembly of the United Nations, and vir-
tually every country in the world con-
demns the Government of South
Africa for its practice of apartheid.
Nelson and Winnie Mandela are in
the vanguard of the struggle to over-
turn the apartheid system in South
Africa. In 1944 Nelson Mandela joined
the African National Congress, which
is committed to eradicating the South
African Government's official policy
of racial apartheid and in its place
erecting a society in which the rights
of all South African citizens are the
same, regardless -of race, color or sex.
He became one of the more effective
and charismatic leaders of South Afri-
ca's 20 million blacks', and was instru-
mental in raising the membership of
the African National Congress from
'7,000 to 100,000.
On August 5, 1962, the South Afri-
can Government arrested Nelson Man-
dela, and charged him with leaving the
country without a valid passport and
inciting the country's workers to
strike. He Was acquitted of those.
charges, but was again arrested and
charged with sabotage. He was con-
victed and sentenced on June 12, 1964,
at the "Rivonia Trial," of life impris-
onment without hope of parole. ? Fol-
lowing his imprisonment, there was an
international outcry at the actions of
the South African Government, and
the United Nations on several occa-
sions demanded the release of Nelson
Mandela and other political prisoners
in South Africa. There have been
?
countless requests for his release from
individuals and organizations, both
, within and outside South Africa.
Now 64, Nelson Mandela has spent
the last 20 years of his life in a maxi-
mum security prison on Robben Island
and at Pollsmoor, South Africa. Yet,
despite the fact that he has been cut
off from the liberation movement for
20 years, Nelson Mandela remains the
leading symbol of resistance to oppres-
sion in South Africa, and the most
widely recognized leader of that coun-
try's black population.
Meanwhile, the South African Gov-
ernment has intensified its legally
sanctioned oppression of the majority
black population through inhumane
detentions, bannings, banishments,
the revocation of citizenship and other
means. It has continued its harass-
ment of Nelson Mandela's wife
Winnie, by a series of arrests, impri-
sonments, and bannings that have
spanned 19 of the last 20 years. She
has repeatedly been held under South
African "terrorism" statutes, allowing
indefinite imprisonment without
charge. She is now "banished" to
Brandfort, approximately 250 miles
from her home in Johannesburg. She
is permitted to see only one person at
a time and is restricted to her home at
night and on weekends.
The lives of Nelson and Winnie Man-
dela are a testament to the inhuman
brutality of the South African apart-
heid system, and a symbol of hope to
those who seek justice and human
rights.
I urge my colleagues to join me in
extending to these two courageous
people the title of honorary citizen of
the United States, and in seeking their
release from prison in South Africa..
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
a previous order of the House, the gen-
tleman from New Jersey (Mr. Ronmo)
is recognized for 5 minutes.
(Mr. RODINO addressed the House.
His remarks will appear hereafter in
the Extensions of Remarks.]
ADOPTION OF AMENDMENT
CALLING FOR FURTHER
STUDY OF MUTUAL GUARAN-
TEED BUILD-DOWN
The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under
a previous order of the House, the gen-
tleman from Georgia (Mr. LEvrrAs) is
recognized for 5 minutes.
? Mr. LEVITAS. Mr. Speaker, yester-
day, the House accepted an amend-
ment I offered to House Joint Resolu-
tion 13, which proposes that the
House Foreign Affairs Committee and
the Senate Foreign Relations Commit-
tee study reductions in nuclear weap-
ons and complementary and concur-
rent arms control proposals with par-
ticular focus on proposals "aimed at
progressive reductions in the number
of destabilizing weapons through a
mutual build-down or other verifiable
processes."
The concept of a mutual guaranteed
build-down was thoroughly discussed
during the debate on another amend-
ment, which I offered, which would
have incorporated this proposal into
House Joint Resolution 13. Some
Members expressed concern over con-
sidering this proposal in the context of
the freeze resolution; nonetheless,
many recognized the merits of the
build-down proposal and feel it de-
serves further, serious consideration.
The amendment accepted yesterday
will assure further consideration of
the mutual guaranteed build-down
and the means it provides for moving
toward reductions of destabilizing
weapons. The build-down can move us
toward a safer, more stable world, and
it should be considered and imple-
mented in the very new future.
April 21, 1,988
An editorial in the New York Times
of' April 19, 1983, took note of this
imaginative initiative, and also the
proposals put forward for deMIRV'ing
and moving toward the ideas' ex-
pressed in the Scowcroft Commission
report for reducing multiple warhead
missiles. I would like to put this article
into the RECORD, and I am glad we
have adopted my amendment calling
for further study of these ideas.
"Sxop NUKES"; THEN WHAT?
The nuclear freeze resolution that comes
up before the House of Representatives to-
-Morrow is a primal scream against man-
kind's atomic predicament. O.K., agreed:
The- overhanging nuclear nightmare justi-
fies screaming. But then what? To exclaim
"Stop nukes now" displays passion, but no
practicality. What's the next sentence?
Where is the credible arms control policy
that freeze advocates have failed so far to
advance?
To its credit, the movement has aroused
widespread public support, undoubtedly
tempering the belligerency of the Reagan
Administration's statements and helping to
induce the reasonable new proposal for the
Euromissile negotiations in Geneva. The
freeze movement has also stirred Congres-
sional interest in arms control?probably in-
fluencing the Scowcroft commission's far-
sighted proposal to replace destabilizing
multi-warhead missiles with small, single-
warhead "Midgetman."
Yet the proposals of the freeze movement
itself have barely evolved past the original,
'simplistic formula of "stop, now."
The House resolution still calls for an "im-
mediate" freeze through negotiations with
Moscow. Yet such negotiations would have
to take several years. The resolution still
calls for a "verifiable" halt in producing nu-
clear arms. Nice, but infeasible.
A freeze would ban weapons moderniza-
tion?thus halting improvements in weap-
ons that would stabilize the balance of
terror. The resolution calls for but fails to
give useful "special attention" to destabiliz-
ing first-strike weapons. It would freeze
America in a potentially vulnerable Minute-
man land-missile deployment while doing
nothing about the Soviet Union's potential
first-strike force. The remedy, the ingenious
Scowcroft proposal to create "Midgetman,"
would be barred.
Is there some way to harness all this polit-
ical energy to constructive arms control
ends? There is talk of a conference commit-
tee compromise between House and -Senate
resolutions, but the best that could produce
is a least-common-denominator compromise.
What's needed is a new approach to the
arms control dilemma along the lines sug-
gested by the Scowcroft report.
Two imaginative precursors of this pro-
posal are already before Congress: the
"build-down" proposal sponsored by Sena-
tors Nunn and Cohen would require disman-
tling of two older nuclear weapons for every
new one deployed. Representative Gore's
comprehensive plan would also move the su-
perpowers toward the Scowcroft goal of re-
ducing multiplewaxhead missiles. .Both
would build on the SALT treaties, but em-
phasize ceilings on warheads rather than
launchers and missiles.
A dozen or more pro-freeze senators have
endorsed the build-down idea. Unfortunate-
ly, instead of welcoming such innovations,
many freeze enthusiasts attack them. And
the House Democratic leadership continues
to press for the freeze resolution: stop, now.
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