STRATEGIC MISSILE BULLETIN: SOME SPECIAL FEATURES OF PARTY POLITICAL WORK IN UNITS OF MISSILE TROOPS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP10-00105R000403660001-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 27
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 24, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: March 30, 1962
• Content Type: MEMO

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
WAItHINGITON *5. D. C
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3 G MR 1962
MEMORANDUM MR: The Director of Central Intelligence
SUB.InT
WRATEGIC Naas= BULLETIN: "Some Special
Features of Party Pblitical Work in Units
of Missile Troops"
1. Enclosed is a verbatim translation of an article which
appeared in a Soviet Ministry of Defense publication called
Information Bulletin of the Missile 'bows (Informatsiona
rPi---t-leenRaketnyith Vbysk). This publication is classified
SECRET by the Soviets and was first issued in 1961. It is
intended for generals and officers of the Missile Troops.
2. In the interests of protecting our source, this materiLl
should be handled on a need-to.4now basis within your office.
Requests for extra copies of this report or for utilization of
any part of this document in any other form should be addressed
to the originating office.
Enclosure
iSECRET
ak.A4AP'44A.""4.4
Richard Helms
Deputy Director (Plans)
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Original: The Dire-tor of Central Intellience
cc: Military Representative of the President
Special Assistant to the President for
National Security Affairs
The Director of Intelligence and Research,
Department of State
The Direotor, Defense Intelligence Agency
The Director for IAtelligence,
The Jpint Staff
The Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence,
Department of the Army
The Director of Rival Intelligence
Department of the Navy
The Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence
U. 8. Air Force
The Director, National Security Agency
Director, Division of Intelligence
Ataml.e Energy Commission
National Indications Center
Chairman, Guided Missiles and AstronaLltics
Intelligence Committee
The Deputy Director of Central Intelligence
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Deputy Director for_Intelligence
Assistant Director fox National Estimates
Assistant Director for Current Intelligence
Assistant Director for Research and Reports
Assistant Director for Scientific Intelligence
Director, National Photographic Interpretation Center
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COUNTRY
SUBJECT
USSR
STRATEGIC MISSILE BULLETIN: "Some Special
naures of-riday PoIita-6-il Work in Units
of Missile Troops"
DATE OF INFO: July 1961
APPRAISAL OF
CONTENT Documentary
SOURCE Reliable source (B).
Following is a verbatim translation of an article
titled "Some Special Features of Party Political Work
in Units of Missile Troops", which appeared in the 1961
First Issue of a TOP SECRET Soviet publication titled
Information Bulletin of the Missile Troops (Informatsionnyy
Byulleten Raketnykh Voysk) . The 1961 First rasue was serif-
y b"-T7
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Some Sp3cia1 Features of? Ptrty Political Work
in Units of Missile Troops
Our country, having entered the period of development
of the structure of a Communist society, is expi.rtencing
an unprecedented advance in economics, science and culture.
Under the leadership of the Communist Party the Soviet
people are working with inspiration and intensity to
accomplish the grandiose tasks of the Seven-Year Plan. The
Soviet people received the decisions of the January
Plenum of the Central Committee (CC) of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) with unprecedented
enthusiasm and are preparing to greet the XXII Congress
of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union fittingly.
Each day in the life of the Soviet people is a day
of successes, a day of victories which demonstrates with
new strength the unquestionable superiority of the
socialist system over capitalism, which has grown decrepit
and outlived its age.
The Soviet artificial satellites of the Earth and Sum,
ballistic missiles, lunik, spmce ships and the inter-
plsnetary station launched in the direction of Venus -
all of which were the first in the world - all this is
grandiose. The flight through space, around the earth,
of tbe Comftunist cosmonaut Yuriy Gagarin, accomplished
on 12 April 1961 in the space ship "Vostok",is an event
which has surpgssed all the achievements of mankind and
has astounded the whole world.
The triumphal flight of a Soviet man into the cosmos
will remain forever am one of the unparalleled feats of
our people, realizing a dream of mankind which is centuries
old. This event reaff1,-med with new force the superiorit7
of the socialist social spites over the capitalist. It
arouses a feeling of legitimate pride in our Communist
Party, which has reared such people as Turly Gasarin.
Silliiiimmenr. ?
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air SECRET
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The tremendous successes of the Soviet people in
building Communism and the consistent peace-loving
foreign policy of our Party and Government have raised
the prestige of the Soviet Union to an immeasurable height
throughout the world.
At the same time, we must not fail to take into
account that there are still forces in the world which
are capable of plunging the earth into the abyss of a
new world war. This war will lead inevitably to the
downfall of the entire capitalist system, but at the
same time it will bring tremendous suffering to all
peoples and will cause the destruction of material wealth
amassed over centuries by the labor of mankind.
We cannot close our eyes to the dangers of the policy
of military adventure and of possible aggression which
is being conducted by the imperialist circles of the USA
and its allies both against our country and against the
countries of the socialist camp, and we must be ready to
deliver a crushing strike against the aggressor if he
forces us to this.
The Communist Party and the Soviet Government show
tireless concern for the strengthening of the Soviet
Armed Forces in every way possible, for their technical
armament and for their maintenance in constant combat
readiness.
? The creation of a new branch of the Armed Forces,
the missile troops, serves to confirm this. Tb. Central
Committee of the CPSU has determined the practical means
for turning the missile troops into a decisive firing
force and into the leading branch of the Armed Forces.
The Party and Government aro supplying the missile
troops with the best and most modern combat equipment
in the world. Ballistic missiles, capable of tremendous
speed, altitude,and range, are able to deliver nuclear
warheads of the most 'varied yields to any point on the
larth's surface in short periods of time sad wader any
meteorological coedit/ass.
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Soviet military science, guided by the instructioes
of V.I. Lenin on the skilful use of technology it ailitary
affairs, proceeds from the fact that combat equipment and
weapons coavrise cne of the basic factors influencing the
course and outcome of a modern war. However, no matter
how powerful the weapons at the disposal of an army nay
be, the decisive role in achieving victory over the enemy
belongs to human beings who possess high moral, political
atd combat qualities, who have fully mastered their combat
equipment and who use it skilfully in battle.
Faeltless knowledge of the new missile equipment by
personnel and the maximum reduction of the time required
to prepare missiles for launching from established stages
of readiness are the basis of the combat readiness Of
nissile units and subunits. In working to maintain the
constant conbat readiness of units, commanding officers,
political workers and Party organizetioes must be guided
by the veil-known instructions of V.I. Lenin that,
"Iocreesed *Jittery preparation for a serious war requires
not a gust, not a cry, not a combat slogan, but prolonged,
strenuo , persistent and disciplined work on a mass
scale.''
The
The successful fulfilment of these great and crucial
tasks depends on the ability of commanding officers,
political workers and Party organizations to organize
and conduct Party-political work correctly, in accordance
with the requirosents of the Central Connittee of the
CPSU. Here, special attention aust be given directly to
orgmnisati0n%1 work in subunits as personnel are nobilized
for consistent and high quality performance of the tasks
of combat preparation, for the development of socialist
conpetition, for an increase .in the quality of specialists,
for the interchaegeaellity of members of crews (mower
raschetov) and for the training of soldiers and non-
commissioned officers in carrying out the duties of
technicians.
1. V.I. Lenin, Collected Works, Volume 27, pug. 327.
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In training officer cadres, more attention must be
paid to raising their ideological and theoretical level,
to increasing their knowledge of special training and
to developing in them the necessary habits in political-
educational work with subordinates. It is essential for
commanding officers and political organs to organize work
to fulfil the requirements of Directive of the Commander-
in-Chief of Missile Troops No. 020 of 18 April 1961,
concerning the profound study of the missile equipment
which is available for the armament of units and subunits.
The effectiveness of Party-political work in fulfilling
the tasks of special training depends largely on the
political and military preparedness of commanding officers,
political workers and of all Party activists, on their
knowledge of the tasks assigned to units and subunits and
on the ability to use the whole variety of forms and
methods of political work under specific conditions
correctly.
An analysis of experience of the work of commanding
officers and political workers in missile units shows
that only under conditions of high military training
and technical competence can they organize and conduct
Party-political work capably.
Great authority among the soldiers is enjoyed by
those commanding officers and political workers who have
a good knowledge of the missile and of the ground equip-
ment supporting its launching and who can offer concrete
assistance in studying and operating combat equipment.
If the level of special training of commanding officers
and political workers is low, tell-tale elements appear
in Party-political work, decisions on vital questions
are avoided and a record of the special features of the
work with each category of serviceman is lacking.
Commanding officers and political workers should always
remember the instruction of V.I. Lenin that, "The
Communist who has not proved his ability to unify and
unassumingly to direct the work of specialists by going
into the essence of a subject and by studying it in detail,
such a Communist is often harmful."'
??????????????????????/,
1. V.I. Lenin, Collocted Works, Volume 32, page 121.
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In organizing and conducting Party-political vork
to fulfil the tasks of combat training and to maintain
the constant combat readiness of units and subunits,
commanding officers, political workers and leaders of
Party and Komsomol organizations must consider the
specific character of the missile troops.
Let us list the most characteristic features of
Party-political work in missile troop units.
While they are on combat duty, units and subunits of
the missile troops are performing a crucial combat task.
They must be prepared to launch a crushing strike at the
enemy at any time. Commanding officers, political workers
und Party and Komsomol organizations must therefore care-
fully prepare subunits and units to carry out combat duty.
It is necessary to develop among the personnel of
the missile troops such moral and combat qualities as
high political consciousness, steadfastness, courage,
high physical endurance and ? feeling of personal
responsibility of every soldier to the Motherland for
the work entrusted to him. We nuat strive to have ?7ery
officer, noncommissioned officer and soldier understand
the tremendous social and historical significance of his
dailyactivities thoroughly and see them as a decisive
condition for strengthening the combat might of our
country.
The most important task of commanding officers,
Political organs and Party organizations is to develop
in the personnel a feeling of love for the missile troops,
of pride in belonging to the main branch (vid) of the Armed
Forces and a feeling nf great responsibility for the
task entrusted to thea, and for the work they are allotted.
The statements of 1.8. Xhrushchev on the role and
significance of the *limas troops should be widely seed,
and the tasks contronting the missile soldiers (voin-
raketchik) shich have been foraulated in highly important
documents of the Party and of the Soviet Gowernseant and
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in the orders and statements of the Minister of Defense
of the USSR and of the Commander-in-Chief of the Missile
Troops should be assigned in a timely manner.
During the period of preparation for combat duty,
considerable work is conducted with the personnel in
exp1ain4g the most important requirements of the
Regulation on Combat Duty (Polozheniye o boyevom
dezhurstve). In many missile units, special instructions
have been worked out on the preparation of the subunits
for combat duty, on the procedure for their relief and
on the maintenance of equipment at combat readiness while
on duty.
The experience in the work of preparing personnel
and equipment for the performance of duty which was
acquired in the 'troop unit commanded by Cc.lonel G.D.
Gavrilov and in which the political deputy is Lieutenant-
Colonel A.N. Biryukov, merits attention. Here, throe
days before going on regular combat duty, the commanding
officers of batteries, together With chiefs of sections
(otdeleniye) compile a combat schedule (bovevoy raschet).
Before going on duty, a maintenance day (pmrkovyy den)
Ls conducted in launch, technical and transport batteries
for the thorough preparation of -combat equipaent.
With the aim of mobilizing the servicemen and of
raising the personal sense of responsibility of every
officer, NCO and soldier for the fulfilment of the combat
task, short meeting, are conducted in the units before
combat duty,with coabat banners brought out in ceremonial
array.
The laborious work of preparing personnel to go on
combat duty develops in every soldier a feeling of personal
responsibility for the fulfilment of the combat task and
for constant combat readiness to deliver a crushing strike
against the enemy.
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Missile weapons are collective weapons. The role
of each member of a crew in fulfilling a combat task is
higher than it is in any other branch or arm of troops.
Unskilful or incorrect actions by one soldier, NCO or
officer can result in failure to fulfil a. combat task.
Therefore, in the organization and conduct of Party-
political work, personnel must be mobilized for the
thorough study of combat equipment and for the acquisition
of the necessary practical skills.
In the composition of crews and sections of miseile
units, there is a large number of different specialists:
operators (operator), mechanics, electricians, launch
specialists (startovik), engine specialists (dvigatelist),
missile equipment specialists (bortovik), assemblers
'(montazhnik), drivers of special vehicles, etc. For
example, in the checking section (otdeleniye proverki)
of a technical battery, there are more than twenty
specialists.
Al]. this requires a different type of approach to
the training and education of servicemen. In organizing
Party-political work in missile units, one must member
that they contain no specialists of secondary importance,
and that the fulfilment of the combat task as a whole
depends on the level of instruction and training of
each soldier.
In the troop unit commanded by Colonel O.K. Mikheyev,
in which Lieutenant-Colonel I.M. Sosnovskiy is political
deputy, all categories of specialists are well prepared
to carry out their combat tasks. A chock of this unit
showed a high level of training among the personnel. Ths
majority of the offi:ers, *Os and soldier* who sere
tested received excellent or good ratings. The unit
received a good rating for special training. The
personnel of a number of the subunits of this unit showed
a heigntened skill in their mastery of missile equipment
and made an excellent shoving in all types of combat
preparation. In the subunit commanded by Member of the
Party Bureau Zngineer Captain V.V. Romantsev, all officers,
MCOe and soldiers showed an excellent knowledge of special
training in tbo tart.
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The command of Major P.V. Bogodayev (the secretary
of the primary Party organization) WAS well organized
and coordinated. The tomsonol crews ot Technical
Lieutenant A.D. Balabannikov and Technical Lioutenant
A.S. Romanov received excellent ratingi:. An exercise
which was conducted showed a high level of training in
the personnel of the unit and its constant combat
read.ixess. More than 300 officers, MCOs and soldiers
received conmendstions for an eyPelleht level of training
and for skilful operations in exercises.
About two-thirds of all officers in missile urits
are engineers and technicians. Many of these have
completed military schools very recently. This fact
should be borne in mind in organizing and conducting
political-educational work. Young officers often need
to have their ideological-political level raised and
require a deep study of missile equipment and the
acquisition of the practice* necessary for the organization
of educational work with subordinates. An officer can
only accomplish the tank of training MCOs and soldiers
to carry out their functional duties in working with combat
equipment properly if the level of his own technical
knowledge corresponds to the modern level of development
of the equipment.
The majority of officers in missile units work
conscientiously and persistently to perfect their
military and technical knowledge. They increase their
knowledge not only independently, but in higher
educational institutions and plants, they participate
systematically in work on plans for combat preparation
and in technical conferences and in establishing a training-
material base (nchebno-materialnays. bans.). In addition,
officers are given individual problems with properly
organized control. In many units, work with officers
coming from other types of troops and not previously
concerned with missile equipment is well thought out
and conducted. Special groups are Sot up for then,
training plans are worked out and exercises are organized.
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A high level of knowledge of special equipment
WAS shown by officers of the troop unit commanded by
Colonel M.F. Teodarovich (sic) in which the political
deputy is Lieutenant Colonel P.A. Dmitriyev. A
check established that all officers know the equipment
well, have a high level of training and carry out their
functional duties irreproachably.
In organizing work with engineers and technicians,
it must be borne in mind that many of them are directly
responsible for the organization and status of combat
preparation, they are one-man commanders (komandir-
yedinonachalnik) who educate their subordinates. Experience
has shown that eneleer cadres, as a rule, know the
equipment well, but do not always possess command skills,
organizational qualities or ability in educating people,
and consequently they need serious assistance from Party
and Iomsomol organizations. An urgent task for higher
commanding officers, political organs and Party organiza-
tions is to assist these cadres to become able commanding
officers of one-man commands and educators of their
subordinates.
The work of battery commander Major P.A. Bogdanov
serves as an example of skilful education of young officers.
Re teaches young officers the practice of educational work,
methods of instruction and education of subordinates,
goes into all sides of the daily life of the officers,
finda a warm word for each of them, and gives helpful
advice on the mastery of equipment and the perfection of
combat skills.
Discussions are regularly held with officers, at which
questions of the organisation of educational work are
discussed. Recently, there has been discussion on such
topics as "The personal example of a commanding officer
is the basis of success in the military education of
soldiers and officers", "Individual work with soldiers
is the duty of an officer", "The personal example of a
young officer at work and in daily life", and others.
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The considerable distance which separates missile
subunits from one another in their performance of combat
tasks makes it necessary to strengthen educational work
directly in the battery, section and crew.
By studying the activities of the Party organs of
a number of batteries, it was established that commanding
officers and political workers have achieved some successes
in turning the battery into a center of political-education-
al work. In this an important role was played by the
creation of Party organizations along cell lines (na
pravakh tsekhovykh) in batteries anti combat subunits, in
accordance with the resolution of the Central Committee
of the CPSU "The Gtructure of Party Organizations of
the Soviet Army and Navy" which was adopted in August
1960.
The creation of Party organizations in combat subunits
is of great signilicance in the mirengthening of Party
influence over all aspects of the life and activities of
the personnel and in the further development of all
instructional and educational work among the troops.
Many 02 the Party organizations which have been
created in batteries have already shown themselves to be
authoritative cosbat collectives, exercising a fruitful
influence on the training and education of soldiers and
on the development of socialist competition.
Communists in batteries and combat subunits raise
the political consciousness of soldiers, inspire them
to the successful fulfilnent of plans for combat
preparation and raise their combat readiness by offering
dependable support to commanding officers in their
accomplishment of the tasks of instruction and education
of personnel and in the struggle to strengthen military
discipline.
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The Party organisation 'works well in the Ind Battery
of the troop Unit commanded by Lieutepant-Colosel P.P.
Tevseyev. There are eight members of the CPOU in the
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complement of the battery. Close cooperation between
the commanding officer of the battery and the Party
organization contributed to the execution of combat
launchings with a rating of "excellent". The fine
personal example of the Communists at study and at work
is the basis for the successful activities of the Party
organization of the battery. The Communists of the
battery devote painstaking study to the strong and weak
sides of the men, which makes it possible to educate the
personnel successfully.
The experience in political-educational work with
the personnel of the battery of which Captain M.P.
Shudro is commandingofficer, Senior Lieutenant A.R.
Katulin is secretary of the Party organization and
Junior Sergeant A.A. Trofimenko is secretary of the
Komsomol organization deserves attention. Sere,
experience from the work of the MCOe is studied and
analyzed and skills in educational work with subordinates
are imparted to then. Methods of educational work with
individual soldiers who have distinctive character traits
are discussed and questions connacted with the practical
application of one or another condition or requirement
of,the regulations are examined regularly at meetings of
MCOs. The fact that he systematically instructs Komsomol
group organizers (grupkomsorg), agitators and the editors
of combat neve letters (boyevoy listok), striving for
actuality and effectiveness in the work of each, is also
a positive factor in the work of the battery commander.
The plan for political-educational work is drawn-up
by the commanding officer of the battery with the
participation Of the secretaries of the Party and
Komsomol organizations. The battalion political officer
takes part in the working out of this plan and also
confirms it.
The painstaking, purposeful work of the
officer of the battery and of the Party and
organizations has permitted good results to
fulfilling plans for combat preparation and
maintenance of cons tent combat readiness in
111111.R CT
commanding
Komsomol
be achieved li
in the
the subunits.
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Success of missile units in performing combat
tasks is inconceivable without clear-cut organization
and the skilful execution of coordinated action between
the assembly brigades of the technical-repair base and
the launch batteries and launch groups. In organizing
Party political work with the personnel of a technical-
repair base, it is necessary to take into account the
special importance of the work being done by the service-
men, to mobilize the soldiers for efficient observance
of requirements of the instructions and orders which
regulate the technique of preparing nose cones, paying
special attention to the observance of precautionary
and security measures. In organizing work with the
officer personnel of a technical-repair base, it is
necessary to consider the important question of their
mastery of associated (smezhnyy) specialties and their
capacity for interchangeability (vzaimozamenyayemost)
in carrying out work.
Commanding officers, political workers and Party
organizations must educate the personnel of the launch
batteries and of the assembiy brigades of a technical-
repair base in the spirit of combat cooperation, and
must explain to them the essence and principles of
organizing coordinated action, striving for clear
understanding of the role and place of each soldier,
group and subunit in carrying out the assigned task.
Some experience in efficient coordination between assembly
brigades and launch batteries has been acquired in units.
For example, the personnel of the assembly brigade
headed by Engineer Major A.I. Novozhilov successfully
performs the tasks of preparing nose cones. Mere, the
officers have a thorough knowledge of the equipment and
sound practical skill in carrying out their work. In
an exercise conducted recently, the combat crews of the
brigade managed their tasks successfully. The personnel
coordinated their work skilfully with soldiers of
the launch battery, which permitted the combat task to
be carried out within the established time and with
a high standard of quality.
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The skilful and efficiently organized coordination
between the assembly brigade of the technical-repair
base and the launch batteries deserves attentive study,
analysis and wide) distribution.
Missile units carry out missile launchings
comparatively infrequently and the role of comprehensive
drills (kompleksnoye zanyatlye) and of practical training
(uprazhneniye) in ensuring the constant combat readiness
of missile units is therefore increased.
The mastery by subunits of such stages of eombet
work as the deployment and packing up of the complex
of ground equipment, the preparation of missiles at
technical and launch sites and the fuelling of a
missile with fuel components has paramount significance.
Here the actions of each member of a combat crew should
be made to be automatic.
The preparation and carrying out of combat launch-
ings are in essence exercisee for the record (zachetnoye
uprazhneniye) which permit the determination of the level
of special preparation of personnel and the readiness of
crews and subunits to fulfil a combat task.
It is necessary to prepare comprehensive drills
carefully, not permitting oversimplification or
indulgence. In the conduct of educational work with
personnel, one must aim at meeting the requirements of
the Commander-in-Chief of Missile Troops for the conduct
of 50 percent of comprehensive drills at night, at the
careful working out of the technology and method* of
Preparing missiles for launchings from established degrees
of readiness, at the development and practical mastery of
method of seeking out and eliminating defects in the
control system, in the propulsion assemblies and in the
combat systems and the assemblies of the ground
equipment.
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In comprehensive drills the smooth functioning of
combat subunits is achieved, and the functional duties
of specialists and interchangeability of combat crews
and sections is worked out. Just as, inaviation,
instructional and training flights are systematically
conducted in order to maintain a high state of combat
readiness, so in missile units comprehensive drills are
organized with the aim of preparing combat crews for
the final step - for combat launchings of missiles.
Politica/ work among personnel at launch and
technical sites acquires paramount significance. It
must be devised and carried out in the period of
preparation for the conduct of comprehensive drills,
during the drills, and while summing up. The period
of preparation for comprehensive drills is used to the
maximum for a thorough study of equipment. Besides
the planned work, technical conferences, and evenings
for questions and answers on equipment are arranged
during thin time, group and individual discussions on
subjects of interest to the soldiers are conducted and
lectures and reports are read. Questions of the
preparation of comprehensive drills are discussed at
bureau conferences and at the meetings of the Party and
Komsomol organizations.
Conferences on method are conducted with the officers,
at which the moist important problems of work with personnel
in the comprehensive drills are discussed.
In the period of preparation, much attention is paid
to the explanation of the specific tasks facing each
specialist in the forthcoming drill; socialist competition
Is organized among soldiers, crews and sections for the
better performance of tasks; the experience of outstand-
ing trainees and of outstanding sections and crews
which have achieved successes in previously conducted
drills is propagandized; the requirements of instructions
on observing security measures are explained. In the
period of preparation use is made of the conditior5koRf_lium
(trenazh) of personnel.
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The final stage of the preparatory period is the
controlled warming-up exercises (rozygrysh) which
determine the degree of preparedness of the personnel
avd their capability for participation in the conduct
of comprehensive drills.
Positive experience in Party-political work in
the preparation and conduct of comprehensive drills
has been amassed in a number of missile units. The
personnel of Captain V.I. Kadochnikov's battery achieved
excellent results in combat preparation. The command
element of the unit and large unit graded the battery
as excellent. It successfully carried out more than
15 comprehensive drills and its personnel retrained two
launch batteries.
The transition to comprehensive drills in a
battery is preceded by sound theoretical training of
the personnel. The conduct of the comprehensive drills
is efficiently planned. On the eve of the comprehensive
drills, a specific warming-up exercise is conducted: in
classrooms members of crews repeat operations on
diagrams and individual assemblies, explain which phystcal
processes occur in the performance of particular functions
during the preparation of a missile for launching, etc.
The personnel repeat the basic provisions of the Firing
Manual (Nastavleniye po oguevoy sluzhbe), their knowledge
of which is tested by commanding officers and chiefs of
crews and sections. In the warming-up exercises serious
attention is paid to the acquaintance of the personnel
with associated and secondary specialties. On the eve
of the drills equipment is carefully prepared in order
not to permit its failure and the disruption of the
drill,.
Successful preparation for the conduct of comprehensive
dells is facilitated by well-conceived political-educational
work with the personnel. A plan of the measures for the
commanding officer, Party group organisers and the Komsomol
bureau is drawn up for each comprehensive drill, taking
into consideration the period of preparation and the
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course of previous drills and summarizing them.
Experience has shown that unified plans of work in a
battery for each comprehensive drill are vital and meet
the neceesary demands. They permit the commanding
officer, the chiefs of sections, the Party group
organizers, the lomsosol bureau, the agitators and the
editors of combat news letters to work purposefully.
During the period of preparation for the compre-
hensive drills, officers, NCOe and soldiers are given
specific tasks, measures for the dissemination of
positive experience of work in past comprehensive drills
are organized and carried out, the study of instructions
and regulations is organized, a map depicting tactical
aspects of the comprehensive drill is prepared, discussions
on the carrying out of security measures in work on
equipment are held, etc.
During the course of comprehensive drills the
attention of personnel is drawn to the careful inspection
of combat egutpment, to the timely dete,..tion and rapid
repair of faults and to the high-quality horizontal
and vertical testing of the missile. Wide distribution
is given to express news letters (listok-molnin), in
which the successes of the best soldiers are publicized
and well-orgunized coordination among crew members and.
between sections is noted.
Commanding officers, political workers and Party
organizations must pay particular attention to the
problems of preparing and conducting qualified critiques
of comprehensive drills. The main tasks of a critique
are to review the course of the drills carefully to show
up the errors and blunders of individual crew members, to
establish and make an evaluation of each soldier,to single
out those who distinguished themselves and to relate
their experiences. To make the critique more instructive,
it must be carefully prepared: a technological schedule
must be drawn and diagrams and other visual aids
selected.
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Political workers and leaders ol the Party and
Komsomol organizations should take an active part in
the preparation and conduct of critiques. In the
critiques, Party-political work in preparing for and
conducting comprehensive drills is simmsrized, its
content, forms and methcds are analyzed, the most
effective measures are noted, leading experience in
the work of the troops is summarized and the tasks of
disseminating and instilling it are assigned. Critiques
must be especially carefully prepared for exercises
during which transitions from readiness No. 4 to
readiness No. 3 and from readiness No. 3 to readiness
No. 2 and No. I are carried out.
Methodological classrooms must be prepared and
methodology councils established in regiments which are
to occupy themselves with the summary of incoming
material, to work out correct methodological practices
in the use of equipment and to analyze mistakes which
were allowed.
The most important task of commanding officers,
political workers and Party organizations is the
analysis, sumaury and dissemination of the leading
experience of outstanding performers in combat and
political preparation, of outstanding crews, sections
and batteries, and the maintenance in every way possible
of the initiative of the personnel. In carrying out this
work, one should be guided by the instructions of the
Communist Party on the necessity for close study of,
and scientific familiarization with, theexperience of
the masses, the genuine creators of all that is new
and progressive.
However, in a number of unit's, comprehensive drills
are conducted without proper control, under inadmissible
conditions and with indvlgence. The requirements for
documentation on technical performance and measures for
technical secdrity axa often flagrantly violated. The
problems of coordinating the operations of launch batteries
and combat support subunits are inadequately worked out.
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The drills are often conducted without a tactical
character (ton). In such situations, the Party
organizations must go deeply into the substance of
these problems and must help the commanding officer
to eliminate shortcomings.
The transition to comprehensive drills frequently
begins without sufficient theoretical preparation of
the personnel, which has a negative effect on the
quality of these drills, especially during launchings
at the firing range (poligon). Because of the absence
of firm theoretical knowledge, the "cramaing" of
personnel is sometimes engaged in during comprehensive
drills. Hence, crew members carry out operations
aechanically and are not able to vnderstand the physical
processes while they prepare an article (izdeliye)for
a launch. All this leads to a lowering of the quality
of the comprehensive drills. Thus, for example,
coaprehensive drills are very poorly prepared for and
conducted in the troop unit commanded by Colonel I.T.
Saluitskiy. In this unit, most of the comprehensive
drills were rated "fair" and "poor".
In practice, there are cases where individual
commanding officers, engineers and political workers
take no part in the preparation and conduct of coapre-
hensive drills for a long time and organize Party-
political work poorly during this period, so that
batteries reach the firing range unprepared for practical
launchings. Preparation of batteries for combat launchings
was irresponsibly treated in the troop unit commanded by
Lieuten_lut-Colonel V.T. ihilinakiy. The 8th Battery
of this unit received a poor rating for combat launching
for the period during which it was at the firing range.
The command element and the Party organization of the
unit drew no conclusions from this. This caused
another battery of this same unit to receive a poor
rating for combat launching somewhat later.
Instances occur in which launch batteries receive
poor ratings in tests on the firing range and are not
allowed to carry out the independent launching of missiles'.
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It iollows, from what has been said, that the move
of launfA batteries to tae firing range to carry out
combat launchings must be preceded by well organized,
high quality theoretical preparation, the final stage
of which is the comprehensive drill.
In order to accomplish this task successfully, it
is necessary to organize and conduct Party-political
work skilfully, both in the period of preparation and
during the drill. In order to achieve positive results
in Party-political work, it is very important for the
commanding officer, the political workers and the active
Party and Komsomol members themselves to know how to
perform the tasks being worked on in drills. They must
make use of the most effective forms and methods of
political-educational work, taking into account the
specific nature and particular features of the situation
which has arisen. The main attention should be
concentrated on work in sections and crews and on
individual work with all categories of servicemen who are
participating directly in the comprehensive drills.
The maintenance of combat readiness in missile units
is directly dependent on the skilful use and conserva-
tion of missile equipment. Particular attention must be
paid in missile units to the storage of combat supplies
(boyezapas) and also to the timely and high quality
performance of the work laid down in regulations
(reglamentnaya rabota). The use and storage of missiles
and ground equipment, and an analysis of the shortnelmings
discovered in carrying out comprehensive drills,
especially during practical launchings, must be at the
center of the attention of commanding officers, political
workers and Party organizations. Me guarantee of our
success lies in care for combat equipsent and In its
competent use.
In missile units, some experience has been acquired
in the skilful use and conservation of missile equipment
and in it& careful maintenance. At the same time, there
are serious shortcomings in the use and conservation
of combat equipment. Cases in which personnel are guilty
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of putting combat equipment cut of action have still
not been eliminated. This occurs, as a rule, because
of ignorance of the equipment and of the relevant
instructionn and also because of the negligent attitude
of responsible persons toward the performance of their
officifll duties. For example, in one troop unit, two
expensive missiles were put out of operation during
unloading.
Cases in which equipment is incompetently used
and in which it is put of operation prematurely occur
in other units also. Unfortunately, in some units,
consideration and analysis of the reasons for failurse
and for the breakage of equipment are poorly organized.
Maintenance days are of great importance in the
preservation of equipment and in its uninterrupted
operation. On these days, technical resources should
be stockpiled at the assemblies of the ground equipment
and of the training (uchebnyy) missiles for subsequent
use. Political workers, Party commi*tees and Party
organizations must give effective help to commanding
officers and engineers in the organization and conduct
of maintenance days. The following advance preparation
for a maintenance day must be made: a clear-cut work
schedule must be compiled, and each crew member, soldier,
NCO and officer must be given a specific task. Measures
for Party-political work aust'be carefully devised in
the periods of preparing for and conducting a maintenance
day. At the end of a maintenance day, it is necessary
to sum up the work, to point out defects, to note
positive features, to name outstanding soldiers and to
propagandize their experience widely.
The commanding officers, political workers and
Party organizations of missile units must direct the
efforts of servicemen to the development and substantiation
of various methods of maintaining the combat readiness
of missiles during length; storage under the most varied
conditions (storage outdoors, in low temperatures, under
various climatic conditions, etc.).
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Great demands are made on the personnel of missile
units in observing the rules of equipment security,
especially when setting a missile up on the launch
mount and when filling it with fuel components. Crew
members who do not know the rules of equipment security
are not allowed to take part in the 'perk.
Missile units receive the most highly perfected
combat equipment. It can be successfully operated and
used only by persons who are technically competent
and disciplined, who have an excellent knowledge of
these formidable weapons and who fulfil the requirementd
of the instructions and the regulations for operating
combat equipment and for observing security measures
strictly. Unfortunate occurrences with grave consequences
can take place not only in work with a nose cone and while
filling a missile with fuel components, but also during
the conduct of other operations for the preparation and
launching of missiles, if the established security rules
and measures are not observed. Hence, the most important
responsibility of every serviceman in a missile unit
who works with the equipment,and even more if he
participates in the preparations for launching and in
tie launching of missiles, irrespective of his rank and
official duties, is the strict fulfilment of the established
rules governing the use of equipment and the observance
of security measures.
An important place in the work of commanding officers,
political workers and Party and Komsomol organizations
of missile units must be occupied by the problems of
mobilizing personnel to increase revolutionary vigilance,
to safeguard military and state secrets and to obey
the established secrecy procodure absolutely both
inside and outside the unit. In the organization and
conduct of this work, it is necessary to explain
thoroughly the requirements of the Communist Party for
the ncrease of revolutionary vigilance under modern
conditiens, and U. implant a burning hatred of American
imperialism in the missile soldiers by all forms and
methods of political-siducstional work, cultivating in them
a high sense of responsibility for the fulfilment of their
military duty and for the 'maintenance of constant combat
readiness in subunits and units.
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In Order No. 0085 of 1960, the Commander-in-Chief
of Missile Troops demands the adoption of urgent and
pressing measures for increasing vigilance. It must be
remembered that the primary objectives of enemy intelligence
are our missile troops. The problems of increasing vigi-
lance and of the strict observance of n11 procedural
requirements for the storage of secret literature and
other documents have thus acquired especially great
significance today.
However, serious defects in meeting these require-
ments occur LA a number of units. In particular, there
are many cases of breaches of the Regulations for
Garrison and Guard Duty (Ustav garnizonnoy i karaulnoy
sluzhb). In one troop unit, soldiers, together with
the commander of the guard, left a combat missile
unguarded. Instances occur of soldiers wilfully leaving
subunits which are on combat duty. Also, loose talkers
who give away military secrets have not been done away with.
Thus, Private Sadehikov divulged secret informat'.on in a
letter to his parents. There are cases of losing personal
and service documents, which are a valuable windfall to
enemy intelligence. In some units and subunits, questions
of increasing vigilance are not always given proper
attention: they are seldom discussed in Party and Komsomol
bureaus and meetings and at meetings of servicemen.
Lectures, rcpczts, and discussions on questions of vigilance
are conducted for the soldiers, but cases of carelessness,
thoughtlessness and complacency are not always met with
the proper condemnation.
Those soldiers who perform guard duty vigilantly,
who display irreprouchable discipline and who keep combat
and state secrets strictly should be publicized more iv
the work of ed.2atn. for vigilance. In political-
education work with the soldiers, more attention should be
given to questions of unmasking the ideology of imperialism
and of telling the soldiers about the ways and methons
of the espionage and diversionary work of American and
other enemy intelligence services. The words of 11.8.
Ihrushchev must always be remembered: "le must be
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vigilant every day and every hour ... It is necessary for
the eoidiers of peace, the warriors for justice, to be
always ready to repel theaggressor..."1
The successful performance of the tasks of,cosbat
preparation and the maintenance of constant combat
readiness are inconceivable without strict silitary
discipline, procedure according to regulations and good
organization in units and subunits. The efforts of
the commanding officer and Party and Komsomol organize-
tions must be directed toward the maintenance of a firs
procedure, according to regulations, for the strict
fulfilment of the requirements of the Central Committee
of the CPSU, of the Main Military Council, of the Minister
of Defense of the USSR and of the Commander-in-Chief of
Missile Troops for a radical improvement in military
discipline.
It is necessary to strengthen work in the mobiliza-
tion of servicemen for the thorough study and undeviating
observance of the Regulation on Ieternel Service
(Utav vnutrenney sluzhby) and the Disciplinary Regulation
(Disteiplinarnyy uitav), which were confirmed by the
Decree of the Presidium of the Suprese Soviet of the USSR
of 23 August 1960.
In order to strengthen eilitary discipline the force
of the community spirit of the &my should be more
actively used and it should bo directed to cosbat
negligence toward military service, drunkenness and other
misdemeanors which disgrace the name of a Soviet soldier.
These are some of the special features of Party
political work in missile units for the fulfilment of
the tasks of combat preparation and for the maintenance
of constant combat readiness.
Thus, it is apparent iron all that has been said, that
only the harmonious sutual work of commanding officers,
Political workers, engineers and Party and Komsomol crganiza-
tions will ensure a high standard of combat preparation and
the constant combat readiness of subunits and units of
the sissile troops.
1. M.S. Ihrushchev, Concluding wonisat the session of the
*uprose Soviet of the USSR on 7 May MO.
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