SOVIET MANUALS ON THE MAZ-537 TRUCK AND ITS MODIFICATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP09-01333R000100630001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 393
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 17, 2013
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 26, 1969
• Content Type: REPORT

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aunt USSR -
Doi1969
'?
ammo Soviet Manuals on-the se, 75?,
MAZ-337 Truck and Its
Modifications
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1. The following English-language manuals on the MAZ-S37
truck and its modifications (MAZ-537A, MAZ-537G, and MAZ-537D)
have been deposited in the CIA Document and Pictorial Services
Division:
A. Automobile MAZ-537 and Its Modifications -
Description and Operating Instructions,, as of?r?
January 1966, 336 pages.
b. Supplementary t,
Operating and MaintenanceInstructions of? the ' - '
Automobile and Its Modifications, 44 pages.
C. Delivery List 537-BK (list of spare parts,
tools, and accessories), El pages.
Distribution of Attachments:
CRS/ADD ?
OSR/ST/PM: 1 set -
A0Sk//PTPSTC: set
: sets
I 1 set `
1 rmy
DIA : 3 ?
DPSD : I set
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3 rt ' r /
?
N. .
AUTOMOBILE MAS-537
AND ITS MODIFICATIONS
Description and Operating Instructions
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The present book is a Lannfacturerls manual on operation and maintenance of the
1.10-537 autemobile sad its neither:U.0ns.
The Lanmal contains description of the automobile design as well no information
yertolmIng to operation of unite and assemblies, peculiarities of operation an& pre?
ventive maintenonce.
naterials for the gsamai have been prepared by a group of designers
ed the automobile TanaSnotnring ?lost.
The Stastal has been ,complied in conionity vith the technical documeuta as at
January 1-'1956?
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'COM 2 DBES
?
Page
C Jia pter I. .CIMERAL DEUCE OP AUTOFMILE ArD SPBCIDICATIONS
7
I. Purpose and General Design of Lutomobile
7
II. Specifinatien-
7
Chapter II i,o-za FLIED
26
Engine
26
Crank tear
26
Accessory Drive
32
? Valve Tiring Gear
34
Checking and Adjusting Valve Timing on tnEins
37
Ingine Fuel System
40
- 'Purpose and lesiEn of Fuel System
40
Teel Drain Tank
49
Futi Ta->a
49
Maintenrsce of Engine fuel System
52
WaskinE of Primnrir Fuel Filter
52
VashinE of becondary Fuel Filter
52
Checking and Adjusting Fuel Injection Advance Ansle
.54
Teplacerent of Oil in MIgine Speed Governor flouting '
55
WaohinE of Fuel injection ramp
55
Adjustment of Yuel Feed Control 1.inl?,ge
56
Chocking Operation of Injectors
56
-nine Air Feed System
57
Purpose and Design of Air Feed System
57
Air Cleaners
59
Ingine Emergency Shut-Dorn Device
59
Maintenance of Engine Air Feed System
60
'Exhaust System
60
Purpose and Deritn of Exhaust System
6o
Maintenance of Exhaust System,
61
Ingine lubrieating System
61
Purpose and Design of Lubricating System
61
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Device for Automatic Shut-Dorn of Engine at Drop of
rags
Oil Pressure in rain Oil Line
69
Maintenance of Engine lmbricati-g rvstem
71
? EXIgine Cooling Syste-
72
Design of Cooling iT-.-aten
-72
_Radiators
75
Maintenance of Cooling System
Cl
Engine Troubles and,Rermdies
84
XnZlne Start4ng STSt(10
93.
Design of Air Starting System
93
Maintemenee of Air Starting System
96
Adjustment of Air Distributor
96
Probable Troubles and -Remedies of Air Starting System .
96
Engine Preheating System
97
Purpose and Design of Preheating System
97
Operation of.Tre'eater
101'
Maintenance Of Prehcatirg Syste.,
103
------------. Probable Troubles amt. I:toadies of Preheating tstem-
-103
Chapter In. ET120-120HAD1C11 SDATEMISSIOR
107
Plzpoce and !Design of Hydro-Meth:Lulea' Transmission
107
Torque Converter
107
Torque Comverter Design
107
Operation of Torque Converter
110
? Tortue Multiplication Paty
110
? fluid Coupling Duty
110
? locked-0p State Duty
111
Planetary Gearbox
111
Design of Planetary Gearbox
111
? Lubrication of Planetary Gearbox
114
? Operation of Planetary gearbox in Different Gca s
Ilh
Eydraulic System of Hydro-rechanioal Transmission
.116-
Eygraulic System DiV.En'
116
Hydro-Medbasical Transmission Cooling System
122
Hydro-nechanical Transmission Pumps
123
Eydraulic Cyclone Filter
126
.Smooth Ingo-cement Mechanism and. Air Damper
126
Operation of Smooth Engagement Mechanism
126
Adjustment of Smooth Engagerent Mechanism
126
Hydro-Mechanical. Transmission Control Unit
128
Adjiartment et 'Planetary Gearbox Control linimge
130.
Eydro-Mechamical Transmission Oil Tank
130
Maintenance of Hydro-Mechanical Transmission.
132
Troubles and Remedies of Hydro-Mechanical Transmission
136
Oiaptet MICD,MICAL TRAGSEISSICN
140
Damper Coupling
140
Overdrive bear
140
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Page
Torpoze road Design of Overdrive Gnar
140
' taint:flange of Overdrive Czar
143
Trannter Cense
143
:Design end Purpose of Transfer Case
143
Transfer Ouse Control.
145
.TransTer Gearshift Manual 'Repeating Control lAnkage
148
Contact Arrangement of Transfer Cane mot Immp
149
Operation of Transfer Care
liaintenance of Transfer Cane,
149,
149
Power Takc-Off Unit
150 .
Purpose and Design of Power Tnbc-Off Unit
1:0
Operation of Power Tale-Off Unit
153
- Transmission Propeller Shafts
153
taunting and Demounting O ansmiscion Propeller ShaSts
155
Iiemonnting of Propeller Shafts
156
uountlrz or Propeller Shafts
157
Dairteonnoe of Tr mission Propeller Shafts
159
-riving Axles '
161
Reduction Unit
161
Intervheel Differential of Front Reduotion Units
163
/ntervheel Mifferential.of Rear Reduction Unite
153
Interaxle Differential of Intermediate Reduction Units
165
Cardnn J-xle 'Shafts and Constant Velocity Unirrrsal Joints
155
Screnting and Dzmounting of Cardan Axle Shafte
ICS
Wheel-Hub Drive
liaintenanve of Drivinz Axles
166
Troubles and Benedict of Mechanical Transmission
160
C hapter T. DurNira GEAR, PIETH-VTIZELASSEUBLT, CAB
.170
Running Gear
170
SteerirZ Vechanion
raintenance of Steering; ileciannitU
170
Wheel flubs
171
Micels and Tyres
172
Automobile Suspension
178
Maintenance of Automobile Suspension
3.51
Troubles and Setcdien of Suspension
181
Prone
182 -
Automobile Pitth-Wheel Assembly
182
Coopling-and Uncoupling of Automobile and Semitrailer
164 .
Eaintenance?of Vifth-Gbeel Asscobly
185
Cab
165 y
,6oners1 Description of Cab
185
Arrangstent of Controls and instruments in Cab
185
Cab Beaters
IDS
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Fenders and hood
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Pace
19-a
C h a 'p t c r VI. BUTCZOBIIS cc=nut 193
StoeFing System 193
'BFrpore and Design of Steering System 193
llicering.Gear 193
. hydraulic Booster 195
tafetrilva 195
SteeriarSysten Hydraulic Booster Pump 195
Hydraulic HoOster'011 Tank? 196
Operation of 'Steering System .196
Adjustment of Steering System 197 -
Uaintenance of Steering System 198
Troubles and Remedies of Steering System 199
? Brakes ' ' 199
Purpose and Cosign of 'ItItkes 199,
Compressor 199 ?
? 3oise-and-0H Separator 202 .
heater Broke Cylinder . 204
? tkeel /take Cylinder 204.
Cut-flat Cook -204
Coupling head 205
- lir Bottles. 205
. . Lir Take-Olf Coe? 205
Pressure Regulate+. . 205
Safety Valve 206
Brake Valve .206
Torring-Air Valve - .208
Shea Brolus 210
Operation of Air-hydraulio DriVC of Wheel Brakes 210 '
Adjustment of Brake Air Drive 210--
Adjustment of 'Take Tall Free Travel 212 ? -
,
Adjustment of Wheel Brakes 212,
? Band Brake 213
Adjustment of Rand Brake 213
liairiteuance of Brakes 214
'Troubles and Remedies of irak 219 ?
'Ventilation System of Automobile Unita 221
Saantenance of Ventilution System of Automobile Units 222 -?
C ba p t e r 711. EIR0ThICAI warNamT 22:1
General Information d)23
Arrangement of Electrical Equipment .229
Sources of Electric Power .224 .
Starter Storage Batteries
haintenmace of_ Sterage Batteries 225
?
Troublea and Remedies of Storage Batteries 226
Geueretor ..... ... . . 'i-terawtser. 'fr&
Haintentace of Generator and Generator Regulator ?230
Troubles and Remedies of Generator and Generator Regulator ...230
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Connumers of Electric rover
Starter
Essinteuznee of 5-Sane"
Troubles end Remedies of Starter
EiOlting Zystca
? rainteraUce of lighting and
.Instramente
Troubles andEemedies.of Pressure Gaugc.
troubles and. Remedies of Temperature Gauge
Troubles; and Remedies of Speedey,ter
ICeintenence of Inatrurant^
Mires -
Functioning; of Electrical Equipment
Sisnalling.Devi
Page
23/-
231
234
235
236
237
238
239
241
.242
242'
242
,243'
Trouble Shooflies Procedure Recommended for Electrical
244
' Troubles and 'Remedies of Electrical Equipment 245.
C'h a p t e r VIII. AUTO2OBI1E DEERS:I= 248
Preparation of Automobile for Govems4nt 248
Preparation of Inine for ;Starting at Ambient Air Temperature
above flua 5?C 248
Preparation of 2):15ine for Starting at Anbient Air Temperature
'below Plus 5?C 249
Startirs ard Warming of Mncinc4 251
- Starting the Engine by Starter 251
Engine Starting by Compressed Air 251 -
. Engine Starting by Toeing 252- -
Equipment
lesc,ine after Starting-- ? 252 '
253 .
Automobile Drivins 253
Placing the Automobile in Sotion and Driving on Roads- 254
Stopping of.Autemobile 257
- ? Runming-In of Automobile 257
Driving the Automobile under Poor road Conditions 258. .
regotiation Of Different ObstaeSles on Rends 258
Towing of Automobile by Another Automobile 261
Peculiarities of Automobile Operation in Minter 263 ?
Preparation of Automobile 263
Automobile Operation 263 ,
Service Euterials .255
Preventive raintenance of Automobile 270
Rinds of Saintenence 270
Scope of Operation Carried Out during Preventive
taintentnee of Automobile 270
Lubrication Chart of Units end Assemblies and Used
Grades of Oils and lubricants 285
Much Lubrication Table 294
Ingine Stopping
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TDSO.
? Seasonal Preventive Saintenance 297
Isstructionn on Insine everhsul Oporations 298.
. Rain Ssfety Pules and rite Precautions to Be Observed ,
.durinc 0i:oration of Auto-obile. 298
.0 t minter IX. ECDIPIOATICIZS CP iltr3-537 LT:0MM= 300
Automobile nit-5372 300.
Winch 300
Operation nl. Ifindh 308
312
'Body 312
lanth 313
Sutozobile:1L22 5372 -316
/2222t21020:
1. Purpose, Stowe and Application of Automobile
Individual SP:A .9et 317
2. Bountina pt.Fitt-tut:a on Hist-Pressure flosos of
Eydraulic Tvan^r4cr1 319
3. Losdins 'mad Iastenint.hutomobile on Roilty
- flatcar and Unloodint 320
4. Preparation of Automobile for StoraGe 322 ?
5. Installation of Automobile on Supports to Prepare
? It for Storoce
Automobile LA3-537A
?
329
AS TC.M0arn& 1Lt2m537
n ern I:0111M1U=
2VM:nteciibe onneasue n mderpyrnint
to axennyaraann
(no nnrunflaron nuuno)
2/14959
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LOA
r
r
CALITI 0 111
Caly drivers rho arc well acquainted with and have passed examinations on the
design, operating and driving instructions of the automobiles Should be admitted to
operate the automobile.
Daring operation of the automobile the driver should take into conmiderstion
the 'following:
1. %Loren' and trouble-Tree operation of the automobile 'units is ensured only by
the use of fuel, oils and other service materials speeiTied in the present Manual.
2. lettere each startina of the engine it is necessary to build up the pressure
in the lubricatIrg system of the enzdna of at least 3.0 Izi/cm2, using an electric
oil priming pump.
Do not operate the electric oil palming pump for more than one minute.
3. .To prevent overfilling of the right-hand tank when draining fuel, always
start operation employing the rigbt-hand lank and only after the fuel in this tank
in lased up, change over to the left-hand tank.
I_ 4. tear in mind that the engine is equipped with a device automatically cuttg
in
off delivery of fuel when tee pressure in the engine lubricating nyctew drops below
2.5 kgf/e=2. The device is installed on the fuel injection pump and sealed. '
5. At ambient temperatures below -.5?C the engine cooling system should be fill-
ed with :antifreeze 40 or 65 according to State Standard (GOST) 159-52.
Z. Do not add liquid into the engine cooling system, with the boiler overheated,
to prevent it from damage.
? 7. At ambient temperatures below-+5?C, warm up the engine, using the prebeater.
To reduce the time required for warming up the en6ine by the prebeater, the
radiators should be dinconnected from the cooling system with the help of a thermo-
stat box shutter (the shutter rod should be pushed docaward as far as it will go).
S. Do not start the engine.alter it has been warmed up, with the preheater
switched en, to prevent d-oge of the cooling system and prebeater.
9. To prevent overheating of the engine dnring operation the radiators should be
connected to the tooling system after the engine gets warmed. The radiator cut-out
shutter located on the thermostat box should be kept open, with the abutter rod
pulled upwards am far as it will GO.
1---7stmesse ?raiew
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10. Price to starting the engine after prolonged staudstill At aabient tempera-
tures holey -a5?C, when lubricant in the Automobile unite Sc thick, it is necessary
to disconnect the transmission from the engine, using a lever located in the engine
comport:ant. To disconnect the transmission from the engine, set the lever to the
fremard position (then looll.mg forward).
After starting and warming up, stop the engine and set the lever to the rear-
',ward position to couple the transmission vith the engine. ,
11. Do rot service the engine systems and other unite in the engine compartment,
with the engine running, to prevent inluries since the cardsn shafts and belts of the
-fSna-ai4 eieXprerierArivella the engine compartheit'aXiih'foraiiaief.t4On4#vl
25; it in strictly .forbidden to use the emergency shutdown device for ordinary
,stopping ef the engine. During operation of the engine the gate valves should be
? ecepletely open.'
lie:rem-berg When er:ploying the engine emergency shut-down device the control
knob should be kept in the exteme position until the engine stalls
completely.
13. When the engine runs at cruising-speed,.the readings of the instruments
.should-be the following:
(s) cil presrure in the main oil line of the engine -.within 6.0 to 10.0 3cgf/om2
-7..(airi4-1-e--rUnnihg- at leant 2.5 174f/m=2);
(b) engine outlet oil temperature - not over +11060..:
(c) engine outlet coolant temperature - not over +1060C.
Mien the oil presture drops Cr the outlet temperature of oil or 000lant sharply,
rises, stop the engine, find out the causes and eliminate them.
14. It is forbidden to stem the engine at the temierature of coolant over *70?0
'except it the cases listed in item 23.
- 25. it in forbidden to pour boiling sater into the cooling system of the cold
entire and cola coolant into the cooling system of the Warmed-up engine.
16. When washing the automobile it is forbidden to direct a stream of tater '
.0mto Ports of the air cleaners and spark arresters as Ouring starting of the engine
Niter ray penetrate into the engine cylinders and the engine may be brought out of
order, az roll as onto the starter, generator and flywheel housing ports (it no
breathers are installed in the housing ports).
17. The-pressure of working fluid in 'the torque converter should be rithin the .
limits of7-3-4 kLf/c=2, in the planetary gearbox boosters - pi 9-13 kgf/em2 and in
-.the hydraulic tar-emission lubricating system - of 1-1.9 kgi/cm2.
-The temperature of oil at the torque converter outlet should not anew:4125?C
and in the p)atetary gearbox 4.950C.
It. When driving the automobile, shifting of gears in the planetary gearbox
from high to ler gear should he carried out in succession; from the third to the
? second, from the second to the first and then to the neutral position.' '
? It is forbidden to shift /ram the third to the first gear or to the neutral
? position.
Ihiftimg of the reverse gear should be performed only after the automobile
JJjstops. Non-chcervance of these requirements may result in breakdown; the speeds of
.antomobile =menet: in different gears must correspond to the speed ranges specified
? ,
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19. Oh= driving on hard-surface roads and dry trafficbcrand earthen roade, the
direct-drive gear should be engaged in the transfer case.
To prevent overloading of the torque converter and over-heating of oil in the
hydraulic ,tre?rmitsion then driving the automobile under heavy road conditions, the
. low gear Should be engaged in tha transfer =se.
The neutral position 113 used only when operating the winch or taking off power
-at halt.
20. Slating of gears in the transfer case should be carried out at the prep-
sure.cf air In the brake system at least 5.65 knf/cm2, with the automobile at halt
and the engine shut down. The tine during which the engineis stopped, should net
. exceed one min M
nte. c not try to place the automobile in notion with the transfer
. _
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at -the normal pressure of air in the -brake system the transfer case pilot
lamp =the instrument panel lights up, it indicates that no gear is engaged in the
transfer ease. Engage the transfer case for which purpose set the cock handle into
a required gear position.
?:If the air pressure in the brake Wystes drops below 5.65 1grien2, start the
engine, build up the rated =ensure Of air in the system, atop the engine and engage
the required gear in the transfer cote.
21. The tong-for case differential nay be interlocked for a short period and? .
only under heavy read conditions. The differential interlock -Mechanism should be
engaged only with the automobile at halt and the engine stopped.
After negotiating a section of a heavy road the differential should be unlocked,
otherwise heavy overloads eill be imposed on-the transndsnien part:. an&promattre.
wear of the tyres osfloodo
.0
22. When the pressure In the eonpress= lubricating system dropabelow 0.0 1.4km1 -
the emergency pressure?pilot lamp on the instrument panel lights up. In this case, '
stop the engine, find cut and eliminate the cause of pressure drop. ?
23. It is forbidden to start ration when the air pressure in the brake system
is less than 5.55 kgf/em2.
124. To observe the safety raaes, inflate the tyres only after all the nuts of
the pressure ring securing the .tyre on the wheel rim are reliably tightened and the
wheel is installed on the -hub and securely fastened.
The spare wheel tyre should be inflated to the pressure of 2.2 kgf/on2 eithnut
installing it on the hub, first having ohs eked the pressure ring for reliable attach-
ment (all the nuts attaching the pressure ring should be tightened until-the pres- _
'sure ring thrusts against the wheel rim).
.It is forbidden to inflate the spare wheel tyre ill.excess of 2.2 kgf/em2.'nen
handling the spare wheel, observe the safety measures, considering that it is in an
inflated state.
It is forbidden to mount end demount tyres in the inflated state.
25. It in prohibited to leave the battery switch in the OE position after epe-
ination of the nutenebile.
26. It in prohibited to cut in ;he battery switch and the starter button during
? !slave charging.
? 27. Won reception of an automobile from the Ennufnoturing Plant in summer
? niece the gasket disconnecting the preheater from the thermostat box into the po-
sition sunrinLnzTo ) as the Onnufacturing Plant delivers automobiles with the gas-
ket Smartened-in the position VINT= (EZRA) regardless of the season. =1:--
? _ ?
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? . .
Shut off the cab beater cut-in cook maai drain coolant from it. --
26. Chen \transporting readily ini1?.-?1-431e materials it is f Orbidden to atrial
_
change the engine opood.
en the automobile is out of operation for.a period of up to 30
' to prevent carrots inner spasms ol theAlanetery-gc2:21r7ox, every 15 daYa
ecommendations of item 2 elf the See-
ea-avian of Automobile for Storage's (Appen,
30. It in f orbidden ."-o use- amoe oompreceed cease for starting the diesel enallaa
-except fer the adv..:
carry out the operatl
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csrza4I nimcs op Arro,:oanzA1D rIcriCATT0,78
I. IMPOSE am azazAL =situ Or. AU102Z031I3 "
The 1211-.537 autoombile =Lit= Spdi?lowtiomm 1.11.3-.537A, 7tA3-.5371' 41.0...5371 are
cress-eountry lour-axle truck traoters with all driving =lea.
Tho automobiles are designed to tow semitrailer? (trailers) on 1=rd-surface
road= .
=3-537 --fifth-Wheel-truck tractor, intended for towing a semitrailer with
a total weight of up to 6$ tempo :
MA.}.537A -ballast truck tractor with a winch, intended ter towing a trailer
With a total reigbt of up to 75 tons.
2:1353711 fifth nheel truck tractor with a slush, intended for towing,a
semitrailer with a total weight of up 66 tens. ?
xta.3337z -fifththecatruck tractor with a generator plant, intended for. -
towing a :3=1i:railer with a total weight Of Up to 65 tone.
It in permissible to drive-the loaded automobile train on improved earthen "
Soads_vhose_upgrades smd downgrade? do not exceed the State Standards adopted for
improved reads; in this case the speed of antomobile shad -rot exceed" 20-25 km/hr.
:The.road surface should .possess a high carrying ability and withstand a total weight
of the automobile train laithout noticeable dipping of its wheels into the ground.
The basic automobile model is 2:13-537 equipped with a fifth tbeel assembly. .,
The main components of the automobile are the following: power plant, peber
train, running gearg.steeriog system, brake system, cab, body and special equipment. .
H3d
31. snctricAmx=
Parameters
.6.70537 MA3-5371" EA3-537A UA3-537A
2 3 4 5
Vet weight of au-
tomobile, t
Veight of towed com-
pletely loaded sant-
-7?trailer (tailor) ,t
Weight couple-
teLy
loaded automas.
2. General Data
21.8+2.5% 22.3+2.5% 23+2.5%
80 68 65
50
22.5+2.5%
75
98
7
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SFCPET
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etiC"'
tic c ? . li`r-;;1-. ' - -17.'ilr,i71g"
. ? .,,:oriirrinn11121i;? ???? -4 ? ?,..? / 'a
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r.Frt."77".?....... -- .-Fr ".? ..-t.:-.?,-,--.4,-- .v.,--?---.---tt;.-.::::,?,,c,i,7--,.:. ',-:-...':-...-::::::::-,.; ,:',;...z,,-,Tha ft t
b,?y!..L,Ii:i01:?-).1.g.it':1:.2,,,2 ....?:.,',.-.? .?;,-,--- ? kz??? ,7,--;--,? 4.---!-Y?e---;-'4,l'icc,"-,t-';; ?.-,,...-.? d
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i.?_,..
t....; 4.; # ? .. .
.:- ,.,, ',,:- VI 7.---r) ?: - - ';'?,/ ri - lne:
81ugle-oontactp.A 28-1
?
1
, ?
Auxiliary rqainsgra
Type 8D-404
Type IS-322
Type 005
Type 11.-39 -
Type 11,46-42.
Type 12541
Type EZ-13
typo V20-12
Type SK-317
Typo ittat-45
tiro B-4511
'Type la-t
57P0 43-K
- -SECRET
Is
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StCRt 1
?
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2
3
5
Semitrailer Power
receptacle
Pneuzatic born
Pneumatic horn '
switch
rindshield v:iper
switch
Oil priming pump
switch
. -
Voltammeter
Speedometer
Tachometer
Rourmeter
Temperature gauges:
engine cooling and
lubricating systems,'
oil in gearbox
- ell in torque con-
verter
Cooling system pile
lamp sending Unit
Prennure gauges:
engine lubricating
system, torque con-
.verter, gearbox and
air system _
kYdraulic transmis-
sionlubricating systet
Engine air starting
lubricating system
pi-ensure cruse
. Compressor lubri-
Sating system pressure
sending unit - ---
Circuit breakers
Clock
Tinch
Type 1]C-300
Type C-403
Type Ba-404 -
2
KYVe BK-50
DIr-VEMenVi
Type 24-240
Electric, type 011-110 with sending unit 031-302
Type 23-3n
Type 563T7-u
Remote, electric ? -
Type T73-48T
Type T73-48
_ ?
type 3Z7
3037
Remote, electric
Type 7211-15
Typo 3211-3
Typo MT-60-
Type 743102
Termobitetal, button type for 20A 1W2-8, for 10A BP510,
and 173 for 30A
Type A1211, meciannieal.
- 13. Auxiliary Rcuionent ?
SECRET
Friction (with tro traction
rollers), consists of reduction
geer.with safety coupling, stop
brake, drum with friction ?
clutch, wire rope winding do-
with gear-type driVi-end
van voPo Par-out indicator
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AJ It L I
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2 3
5
Seduction gear drive
Working length of
wire rope, za
Maximum pull On
wire rope, t
tree of banter
used
;Mal consumption,
- 1.1t/hr .
Sated velltage In
electric circuits, ,V
Tower C onstutp--
flea,
Capacity, Col/hr
? Ventilation
(breathing) system
Propeller shaft from
power take-oft unit
100
15
Self -contained
*saline, State Standard (rocs) 2080-50
0.25
24
2500
Connection of inner spaces of Unit housings with the atmo-
sphere by means of brass and copper pipelines to maintain at-
mospheric pressure in malts
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Chapter
709E2 PUNT
The paver plant of the automobile comprises the engine and its accessory systems:
inn, air feed, lubricating, cooling, preheating, starting end. exhaust.
Parts and units of the systema. are mounted both directly on and outside the
engine.
mays 701))/IR
The automobile is powered by al112I -52 \engine, The engine is a V-shaped.
12-cylinder, scur-stroke, rater-cooled-, high-speed airless injection diesel engine.
The crankshaft rotates clockwise as viewed from the accessory drive tide.
The general view of the engine completely equipped with the accessories before
Installation on the automobile is shown in Tig.5.
The engine is installed on the automobile frame and attached at three potato,
providing normal operation of the automobile in case of posviblewarpage of the
tram.).
The front bearing paint of the engine is cylindrical surface of the front support
-body by which the engine is installed on a beam.
rash end of the beam is bolted to brackets which are provided with rubber pads
secured to the frame.
Rear supports of the engine are two brackets mounted on the flywheel casing. -
Zack bracket is bolted to brackets which are provided with rubber pads reacted to
-the frame.
Crank Gear
?
The crank gear serves to convert thermal energy of fuel into mechanical work.
It consists of a crankcase, cylinder blocks, crankshaft with a flywheel and a piston
and connecting rod assembly.
The crankcase (Pig.6) is a base for mounting all parts and units of the engine
and is composed of two halves: upper and lover. Crankoase upper half 4 serves as a
supporting one. Its partitions are provided with seven seats to receive main bearing -----
shells 22 in which the crankshaft rotates.
Bearing caps (suspensions) 10 are attached to the crankcase upper half by studs.-=:_
The split shells are made of steel (lined with lead bronze) or Meal-aluminium (ot
bimetal bend)... .
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rars
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?
L _?.
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C ? tide flew
FIC4 54 ENGINE BEF01111 INSTALLATION ON CHASSIS
1? circulation pump; 2? front engine support; 3? fuel feed rump; 4_ pipe for delivery of coolant to left-haid
cylinder block; 5 -4 penotaturi 6 ? exisaunt munifoldp 1 ? water-reeled &latest manifold; 0 ? engine crankeanet;
breather; 9 .4 union lor delitery of oil to main oil line; 10 ? cylinder head cover; II ? nernorlary fuel filter; f,
12 ? engine nurport rear bracket; 13 ? thermostat bat; 14 ? overdrive genn 15 ? oil pomp;16 ? pipe running
Irma oil pomp to oit Mini 17 ? pipe kr delivery of coolant to ripladlitud cylinder block; 10 ?oll fillet
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23
Y1?Cr
FIG. 6. ENGIN': CR ANKCASE . -
1? feel i?jectieo Temp &ice key: : ? hola.doen mod; S ? brackets for fastened?, of fuel bleeder. ace.p; 4? create
F cm arm/ half; 5 ? Ira/alai lar attaching ail fides, 6? ?, ? ring; 7 ? ll} wheel caning; B ?. ripe I.? are..., oil free
ereatelrafl parkins; 9.- traplc..t looer half; 10 ? bearing cap (atr.pcnriioe); 11 ? shed; 12 .- stud for tatacidas '
1 . ? boot sapped body; 13 ? types tertical shalt bead's ?
...... . . ?__ ? -
i
To improve working-in of the steel shells lined with lead bronze a lead layer,
0.02 nem thick, it plated on their 'working surface. ?
One of the shells (the toventh) which is installed !fret from tr:e flywheel side,
serves as n thrust one. It has shoulders which are also lined with lead bronze.
These shouliers take up axial thrust of the crankshaft and limit the crankshaft end
PUY..
Top inclined surfaces of the crankcase arranged at an angle of 600 serve for
installation of cylinder blocks which are fastened to the crankcase by fourteen hold-
down studs 2. ?
tech Inclined surface is provided with six ports to receive lower portions of
the cylinder liners projecting'out of the cylinder block.
Crankcase end faces are machined and provided with One or the end faces
Las bored holes for accommodation of the accessory drive bearings and drilled passag-
es for delivery of oil to them.
This end face of the crankcase mounts a body of the front support installed oato
the cylindrical portion of which Is the front beam serving as an engine support. fly-
wheel casing 7 is fastened to the opposite end face of the crankcase. The casing Is .
provided with two supports for attaching the engine to the frame.
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1
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Ctrr,r,-
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.? ? .
712 craasson sFPsr half sides mount,bracket 5 for attaching the oil filter '
and lugs for fastening the charging generator and starter. Besides, the top horizon-
tal machined surface carries three brackets 3 for installation of a fuel injection
pump and body 1 of its drive.
Eaohiming of the end faces in crankcase lower halt 9 as well as boring of the
? holes -long the engine crankshaft axis are accompliehed in ancembly with the crank-
ease upper halt.
The crankcase lower half carries oil, circulation (of the cooling system) and
fuel feed pumps and parts of their drives.
The flywheel casing has a port for installation of a timing pointer used to
read degrees of the crank-angle-when-adjustInc:the?talercafluid the setting of
the fuel injection pump and sir distributor:
To prevent dirt from getting inside the flywheel easing, the inspection porta
are fitted with breathers.
After the engine in timed at the Lam:Septa:lug Plant and the timing pointer is
secured on the caring, a mark is made against the pointer on a port side opposite to
the side on which the timing pointer is attached. .
All engine adjuetrents involving setting of the crankshaft in a definite posi-
tion should be performed-only-atter the timing pointer is lined up with the above
mark.
The evlirder block (loig.7) and pistons form chambers in which the heat of burned
ruel is converted into reehahloal work.
tach cylinder block consists of a cylinder Jacket, six steel liners and a
cylinder head.
'Cylinder jacket 7 has six bores to receive cylinder liners t. Coolant circulat-
e: tough' the space formed between the cylinder liners and jacket walls. Fourteen
hales made on the lower side eurfate of the cylinder jacket are need to check leakage
of the coolant and oil from wells of the hold-darn studs.
Mtulders rade on the upper per't of the cylinder liners fit into corresponding
recesses of the cylinder jacket and seal the rater space at the top of the cylinder
liners, thus preventing penetration of coolant from the jacket to the outside.
'At the bettor. the [cylinder liner is sealed by rubber rings.
Cylinder head 10 is east of aluminium alloy. Six cylindrical bores and piston
crowns form conbustion chambers--Bach combustion chamber is cOnneoted through passag-
es with intake ports on one side of the Cilindli-heed-and-with exhaust perks on its
opposite side. Steel valve scats are press-fitted and calked into the places where
the passages enter the combustion chamber. Cast iron guide bushings of the valves
are press-fitted into the toles bored coaxially with the seats. A stepped hole for
izetallation of an injector it bored against the centre of the combustion chamber.
The top surface of the cylinder head accommodating the camshafts and valve
actuating mechanism is closed by cover a.
The tachometer generator secured on the end face of the right-hand cylinder head
cower is driven by a plug with a tail piece, screwed into the intake camshaft.
gasket 9.
d!_::! that between the cylinder bead and cover - by paronite
The joint between the cylinder head and cylinder liner shoulders is sealed by
mraluminium gasket
c-
:Intake and water-coaled eihaust Banitolds-are_atiacted to the cylinder head by
ntwis. .
. . . .
- ,
The lett-hand and xig,ht-.and cylinder block assemblies are not interchangeable.
Ile cylinder heads are also not interchangeable.
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FIG 7. crusintn mixt .
I tad 3 ? tic= eutld pipes; 7 ? teoleat outlet brtuitli plc; 4 ? eot8111.8 ttul S ? adeleetinime
gasket; 6 ? eylinukr liner; 7 ?cjlttdr jacket: 8? cI.tt heed tot et; 9 paronite Fluke': 10 ? tyke.
eke Lead
-
FM. C. C114.NKS1143T
1? ?nem 2? wrier; 3 ? 'dance weiI I ? eels S tall pion
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ThP ornnletr,Tt is forged of alloy steel, and has six throws arranged at an
angle of ltn? to each other (Tic.8). The crankshaft is provided with six'orankpins
and coven rain journals joined by webs.
The crankshaft journaln arc hollow and are connected with each other through
veb drillings Inter:Sod for pas?aLe of 'oil. In the journal spaces the Oil is additio-
v-llv cleaned by separation. The journal spaces are closed by ceps which are tied cp.
by bolts.
Tress-fitted into the first wain journal is hollow tail piece 5 with splines
.fitted upon which is a bevel gear actuating the accessory drive. A smooth ground end
of the tail piece catches up with a unit supplying oil into the crankshaft and soon:- \
cd on the float a-invert body. ?
---tThe end of the last seventh main journal_carriew t3-angs_l2torwhiohath?l3whool.....
is attached. 4 ring gear intended for meshing with the starter pinion during start-
ing of the engine is press-fitted on the flywheel. .
The flywheel outer rip in provided with divisions denoting decrees, and marks
(the order of their arrangement Sc in the direction of flywheel rotation):
EZT - top dead centre in first and sixth cylinders of lett-hand cylinder
In block; corresponds to e;
Ism - end of exhaust from first or sixth cylinder of lett-hand cylinder
Ins block; -corresponds to 20?;
Ik3r..? Complete opening of air port delivering air into first Or sixth cylinder
Ins of left-Land cylinder block; corresponds to 270;
Max.- complete opening cf air port delivering air into first or sixth cylinder
-
(zip of right-hand cylinier block; corresponds to 870;
- beginning of exhaust frOn first or sixth cylinder of left-hand cylinder
_Ins block; corresponds to 132?;
1-7? - bottom dead centre in first and sixth cylinders of left-hand cylinder
Ins - block; corresponds to lee;
t cma of intake in tint .or sixth cylinder of-le?i-hand_oylinaer blOnkL
rni corresponds to 22e;
- beginning of intake in Tint or sixth cylinder or left-hand cylinder
Inn block; corresponds to 34e.
An arrow indicating the sense of crankshaft rotation is Cade on the flywheel
rip. The flywheel has threaded holes for fitting and attachment of the overdrive
gear damper coupling. The first two webs of the crankshaft are fitted with a vibration
damper of the balance type intended to decrease the torsion angle of the crankshaft
and to reduce tresses canned by torsional vibrations.
The vibration doxper emaciate of two carriers 2 fitted with interference on
4 and having three lugs each to which six balance weights 3 are attached by
pins. Tor attachment to the carrier the balance weight in provided with two blind
holes which are closed at the open vide by threaded plugs.
Connecting- .9se nma Tinton Ltsenb]v (Nr.9). The connecting rode are made of
alloy steel and provided with shanks of :-secticn. Connecting rods whose big ends
rest on crankpins of the crankshaft arc called master connecting rods while connect-
ing rods whose big ends are attached to lugs on the big ends of the master connect-
ing rods ty pins are called articulated connecting rode.
Tinton pins 5 slip in bronze bushes 7 which are press-fitted into the snail ends ,..
"of the master (8) and articulated (9) connecting rods. The caster connecting rod big
end is a split type. Its ribbed cap 23 in attached to the connecting rod by two taper ?
SO
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tic. 9. rikinv v:n rrycsEr7rys:c nnn kcsEmni,Y
I ?0-ion; 2 - 0.tot tiny 'morel.: - et piataa ring t taper-lost pistoe rim
- pit.: - rit et, 1Ni Smell reJ bukh; cam
sPri:ag t..d; 0.. orticalmeJ namettiew ra;l: le --thoitelmed toter etint rod Lilt ?pa wan
II - athrelair,i enrietriing t..I asi,cluarni pia: I.: lor.ilieg pin; Ii - m..ftr consectiap
tad M tel ..p.; j a.. 0.4i Int at IIIL j.an I1 .?? ..1 11; IR - Sale lur &Diary ef oil io
aristolaieJ cementing pm/ pia: 17 -? taper pie
? -?_ ^
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.pins 27 uladoh are driven into holes of the combs of the connecting rod big end and
its cap.
Split shells-15 lined with lead bronze or rade of steel-aluminium band are
clamped in a bore of the big end. They slip on the crankshaft crankpin. '
The articulated connecting rod is attached to the master connecting rod by
pin 22 fitted into the lugs of the raster connecting rod big end. Pin 21 it locked
by locating pin 22. Bronze bush 10 is press-fitted into the articulated connecting
rod big end. .
.
' Pistons I are drop-forged of iltriniurvalloy.
The, top face of the piston crown is shaped to ensure better preparation of a
mishare. ? . -
The piston is provided with two bosses to -receive hollow4oase-bardened piston
pin 5 which is held from axial displacement by cap 6 made of aluminium alloy. Five
piston grooves 2 are fitted with two cylindrical steel compression rings 3 plated -
with porous chromium and with three taper east iron c:1 control rings It.
Accessory Drive
?
Rotation of the crankshaft is tratemitted to the engine mechanisms and systems
from a bevel gear fitted on the splines of the crankshaft tail piece, in accordance
with the diagram given in Pig.10. The gear is meshed with:
- bevel gears of the charging generator drive inclined Ellett and upper verti-
cal shaft, thus driving the mechanisms mounted on the crankcase Upper half;
- bevel gear of the lower vertical shaft, thus driving the mechanisms mounted
. on the crankcase lower half.
The upper vertical shaft transfers rotation of the crankshaft to the two inolin-
ed thefts of the camshafts drive and also to the. air distributor and fuel inJection
pump drive. ..
The upper vertical shaft rotates in a bearing installed in the bole on the 'ho-
rizontal-Maniac? of tEZ-trankcase upper half. .
.' The lower vertical shaft is made integral with the upper bevel gear. At the
bottom the shaft has rectangular splines by means of which it is engaged with a spur
gear. The spur-gear the slot of which receive, the can Of the circulation pump
drives the pump. By its teeth the spur gear rotates idle gears of the oil and fuel
feed pumpa drive.
- The laser vertical shaft rotates in a bronze bushing press-fitted into the
crankcase lower half. .
' The bevel gear which is press-fitted into the inner hole of the fuel feed pump
drive spur sear and locked by a pin, is in mesh with the bevel gear attached to the
fuel teed pump rotor.
The oil pump drive idle gear rotates on a ball bearing secured on the axle in
the crankcase lower half. ' - .
The fuel teed pump drive idle gear rotates in a bushing .press-fitted into the
partition of the crankcase lower half.
The inclined shaft: of the camshafts drive ere not arranged in the plane of
syrnetry of the cylinder blocks but are displaced parallel to them towards the fuel
injection pump drive body. The inclined shafts rotate in aluriniun alio:: bearings
which are fitted in the holes bored in the crankcase upper half, and in bronze bush-
lugs thdoh are press-fitted into the boxes attached to the cylinder heads. The -
bearings and bushings are lubricated with oil delivered through the pipelines and
drillings in the crankoace end bearings.
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z 55; DS n 2241;05n 222:125n ,
212:12
12;ga
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zit On
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245:15n
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rm. to. ..0-,n7 %cc:T.:cm-111Y DIMEtr.11M.1
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In taw diJann -letter ^e"an.1 the fiGitre laJ he aerobes et tear tech; letter
sin" at..1 tbe figure &nage. ae.cranksloft-ta-4 'fa peed 'alio: 4firnetione 4 alah
Salado.ne inJicata by arrows
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Oil Slowing out of the bearings drains into the crankcase lower half.
The meshing of the bevel gears is adjusted by mans of adjusting rings having
different thickness.
-Salve Tinine Scar
?
The valve timing gear is intended to provide correlated operation of the engine
Cylinders in confornity with the firing order and the working cycle.
The engine werking cycle is graphically illustrated in the valve timing
: diagram Mhows4
0
beginning of Intake stroke (beginning of opening of intake valves) 201;1 before
the TIC on exhaust stroke;
end of intake stroke (end of eloping of intake valves) 48142 after the MEC on
comprettion stroke;
beginning of exhaust stroke (beginning of opening of exhaust valves)
before the ITC QM expansion stroke (working stroke);
end of exhaust stroke (end of closing of exhaust valves) 200? after the TEC on
Thisbe stroke.
Mu:ratio= of the intake and exhaust strokes is 248+6? of she crank angle.
The engine Siring order: 6R.H.i 5I.H., 2R.H., 31.11., 411.H.,
1R.R., 21+11, 5E.H., 4I.H., 311.H. (1.13. - left-hand cylinder block; R.H. - right-
band cylinder block).
Sequence-of operation of the fuel injection pure plungers: 2,1130,3;6042,1,
4,903,5.
The valve timing gear comprises a valve-actuating mechanism, canshafts,
injection pump drive and air distributor drive.
The -fuel injection punp andi air starter drives and also the procedure for check-
ing and adjusting their setting will be dealt with below at the description of these
=nits.
7alve-;ctest5nr nechanisn. lath cylinder is equipped with two exhaust and two.
Intake valves (Fig.12). The sans of the caznhafts act directly on the .ground top
sit-
Sate or tappet discs 1 Screwed into the valves.
edearanees between the tappet discs and cam lobes and, consequently, the
. ?
valve timing sic ad.:it:tied by screwing in or out the tappet discs. ?
Closing ef each valve is accomplished by two coaxially arranged springs 5 and 6.
The springs press the teeth of spring retainer 2 of the tappet diso which is fitted
on the Slats of the valve, against the teeth of the tappet disc, thereby preventing
it ton tuning relative to the valve and, consequently, from spontaneous disturb-
ance of the timing.
Exhaust valves 3 are nade of heat-resisting steel and have a teener dianeier
of the heed than tbe intake valves. Intake valves 4, tappet discs and spring retain-
ers arc rade of bleb-ensile steel-
The tn=?bnfts (Fig. 13) rotate in seven bearings installed on the cylinder head.
Intake camshaft 1 is located at the fuel injection pump side.
Shaft 11 is an exhaust one. The camshafts are made hollow of carbon steel. Each
--camshaft is provided with seven journals and twelve cans. The camshaft inner apace -
serves for delivery of oil to the bearings end tappet discs. Par this purpose each
journal and each cam are provided with radial holes. The boles are so arranged on ,
the cams that oil gets on the tappet disc before the cam comes in contact with it.
ft
5Ft-PFT
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th VU t11,11%r. 111 41 WI
?
II
t lire. Ile 4;40410
m. rciac (trait or lei (*iota -owl e olieration of fuel injection map
tilotiei) *truant
? c."Pren4.itti ? K114eZ c tt ? ettionni
nancmon .
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. .... -
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LOA I
12.1 tlAtc
- istr-1 2 - %print. retainer: 3 - t.hattai 4.04r:
4_ intaIe %nine; Calitt: C. - inner siviaa
P ?
Csk
Right- hone Ward
414.. 13.C/319111TC
. _
It Wake raintalt: 2- pru fth +ail pieta; 3- sdjettinn
4 - intake camshaft flatten /inn S - adjusting Inialiiing 6- mop ? '
ring 7 nil 9.- shaped lad ta: t - spring lock--10....eabangs-erealink--:.
rag: It - tglaust eashaft: - faint bearing base; 13 - plan
14.- loci tins 15.- betting tap
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Turing operation of the 'canine the intake camshafts rotate clockwise and
the exhaust camshafts -courter-cloolowise. -
All the cams are-similarin-shapc. The cans are arranged in pairs in six planes
mad in such a meaner that,when the camshaft: rotate, the cans press on the tappet
discs in accordance with the firing order of each cylidder block: 1,5,1,6,2,4.
The front end of each camshaft is provided with a thrust collar, a short cy-
lindrical section and 10 external rectangular splines. The front and rear ends of
each shaft are threaded iron the Inside. The front ends of the intake camshafts have
left-hand thread and those of the exhaust camshafts - a right-hand thread: The
rear ends of the camshafts have a right-hand thread. The thread serves for screwing
in steel plugs 13. :Then screwed in,the plugs are stopped by split spring lock rinrs
,le which Sit in special.grooves.,
iteel-Plag-2'With a :ken piece is screwed into the front end face of the right- :.
hand cylinder block intake camshaft; the plug is provided with a.drillcd hole for
passage of oil. The plug tail piece nerves for connection with the electric-tacho-
meter generator shaft and for its driving.-
Fitted on the cylindrical sectioa of the Intake camshaft front end are: adjust-
ing ring 3 used for adjusting the clearance in the pair of bevel gears, and a cluster
gear made integral of a spur and a bevel gears 4. Spur gear 10 is put on the.cy-
lindrical section of the exhaust camshaft front end. These gears are provided with
internal triangular splines. For convenience of valve timing adjustment forty-one
splines are cede on each gear.
. The gears are connected with the camshafts by means of steel adjusting budh-
ins 5 having tort-one external triangular and ten internal rectangular splines each.
The adjusting bushings are loosely attached to shaped bolts 7 and 9 by snap
rings 6.
For disconnecting the adjusting bushings fru= the bolts the adjusting bushings
are paavided with radial holes permitting the snap rings to be fitted. -
The bolts arc acre-Jedinto the.front end faces of the bamshatte_and_stopped
relative to the z:djusting bushings by spring locks 0.
The lease joint of the adjusting bushings with the bolts rakes it possible to
engage the adjusting bushings with or dleengage them from the gears and camshafts
by turning the bolts in the shalt thread.
----11ce spur gears are interreshed while the bevel gear is cagaged with the camshaft.
drive inclined shalt gear.
?
Checking nnel idiustits Valve Tiring on !lads()
Checking of-the valve timing Is carried out during maintenance after tours
of the engine operation and comes down to preliminary checking of the clearances
between the can lobes and tappet discs of the camshafts and, if necessary, to their
adjustment. The clearance should be equal to 2.34+0.1 mm.
/he valve tining shAld be checked and adjusted each time the cylinder heads
are installed or parts of the timing gear and accessory drive are replaced during
overhaul and repair of the engine. ?
To adjust the valve tlmiwg,proceed as follows:
- ace that the timing pointer on the flywheel casing is correctly set; if
neeinthaX34 align the timing pointer with the mark on the easing port;
-tt:H-- the electric tachometer generator together with its drive;
tale off the covers of the cylinder header-- ._.-
- prepare the engine for cranking by hand;
37
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-.adjust the clearances between the can lobes and tappet discs within the tpeel-,
fled limits, using the fork, pliers and a feeler gauge provided in the SPTA set;
- adjust the valve timing, starting from the first cylinder of the left-hand-
cylinder block in the following way:
(a) using the timing pointer on the flywheel casing and the graduated rim or
the flywheel, set the crankshaft to the position corresponding to 40-500 before the
TIC in the first cylinder of the left-hand cylinder block on the exhaust stroke (the
-eXhaust valves are open) by rotating it clockwise;
(b) rotate the crankshaft until the intake cams start opening the valves in the
first cylinder of the left-hand cylinder block.
Tu.h,The beginning of the valve opening is determinea,br_bitlng,pf,a plate, 0.03-,
0.04 =a thick but not over 0.05 mm thick, (foil, feeler gauge). Before opening of
the valve the plate placed between the cam and the tappet disc can be freely shifted.
The begion.rg of the valve opening can also be determined by tarring it with the
help of the, tappet disc. When closed the valve will not turn. .
Determine the beginning of-opening of the intake valves in the first Cylinder
cf the left-hXnd cylinder block by the graduated rim of the flywheel. In case the
bccimning of opening of the intake 'valves does not conform to the valve timing
.diagram (Pig.11), it is necessary to set the crankshaft to the position correspond-
ing to 20...0? before the ITC in the first cylinder of the left-hand cylinder block on
the exhaust stroke (the exhaust valves are open), remove the adjusting bushing of
the intake camchaft (the bolt attaching the hushing has a left-hand thread), bring
the came of the left-Iland cylinder block first cylinder to the beginning of opening
of the tel yea by striking them with a lead or copper hammer.
Set the adjusting bushing back home, having selected such a position at thick
the splines on the bushing :freely engage the splines on the camshaft and the
eenr.
Recheck the beginning Of opening of the intake valves.
Irle results are satisractory, tighten up the bolt and secure it with
rpring lock 13-(71g--413)1---
(c) press the tappet disc or the exhaust valve of this cylinder and Insert a 7
foil plate, not more than 0.05 ms thick, between the cam and the tappet dine.
Rotating the crankshaft clockwise and applying an effort to withdraw the plate,
determine the end of closing of the exhaust valves in the first cylinder of the
left-hana oylinder.blook.
The end of the valve closing can also be determined by turning it with the help
of the tappet disc. Mon-contormity of the end of closing of the exhaust valves with
the above diagram is eliminated in the sane manner as the non-conformity of the
4eginning of opening of the intake valves. The thread on the bolt attaching the
ndiusting Lushlng is right-hand;
(d) rotating the crankshaft clockwise, determine:the beginning of opening
f the intake valves in the sixth cylinder of the right-band cylinder block (by the.
:xaduated rim of the flywheel - 40?30) and the end of closing of the exhaust valve::
in the same cylinder (80+3?).
The non-conformity of opening and closing of the valves in the sixth cylinder .
of the right-hand cylinder block is eliminated in the are manner as in the first
cylinder of the left-hand cylinder block; -
le) during two revolutions of the crankshaft determine in suocession the begin-
ning of opening and the end of closing of the Intake and exhaust valves in the first
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cylinder of the left-hand cylinder block and in the sixth cylinder of the right-hwed
cylinder block which rust corrinpond to the following divisions on the tlynheel riot).
_..
-.. ?
First revolution of the crftnkshapt:
- beginning of opening of intake valves in first cylinder of left-h& cylinder
block 3400; (20? before tbe TTC),;
-- end Ed closing of exhaust valves in first. cylinder of left-band cylinder
block 20?:
- beginning of opening at intake valves in el-nth cylinder of right-band cylinder
blook 40?:
- end of closing of exhaust valves in sixth cylinder of right-hand,:eplineiren
end nf?AlOsing of intake valves in 'first cilinder of left-band cylinder
hlock.228?;
- end of cicalas of intake valves in sixth cylinder of right-band cylinder
block 286?.
Second reeolytion of the crankshaft:
- beginning of opening of exhaust valves in first cylinder of left-band cylinder.
block 132?:
- beginning of opening of exhaust valves in sixth cylinder of right-band cy-
linder block 192?:
(f) check the valve timing in all the engine cylinders.
Tevlations troy the valve timing allowance (It) should be corrected by adjust-
ing the clearance between the can lobes and tappet discs.
? 12 the valve tIsimg cannot be set rithin the cleanses of 2.34'10.1 mm, it is .
permitted to decrease the clearance in separate valves to 2.1 no to obtain the tim-
ing within the alio:mates
(g) put down the adjustment data into the engine Service log.
Install the cylinder tea covers and the electric tachometer generator with '
its drive.
Shen checking and adjusting the valve timing, bear in mind that:
- after overhaul or repair of the engine, before installing.the.oylinder heads,
the camnhafts should be preliminarily placed as is shown in Piga!: to prevent the
pistons from striking ngainst the open valves. Prong positions of the camshafts are
corrected as instructed in Subitems .by and soot
- shift in advance angles of the two adjacent cylinders in accordance with 'the
firing order is equal to 60? ot the crank angle:
- when adjusting the valve timing by resetting the camshaft and the adjusting
,bushing the earlier opening of the ? valve causes its earlier cloning by the same .
number of degrees. The duiation of the timed cycle will not change;
- for cranking the engine by tined Suring adjustment of the valve timing or
processing of the engine the Automobile is furnished with a special device provided
in the SPTA set.'
' The device is a conventional single-acting ratchet mechanism which-la-attached ---
to the flange of the left-hand tans drive overdrive 'gear shaft. -- ?
? ?
2) ihe allowance -f 2)9 ii omitted
SS
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left-hand cylinder block
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Ripht- hand &Adel- block
algrust Wee
Mee tvIre - Intake Wee
Exhaust rare
nr.. It min vcr.r?ty:vr rIF C V.:01117 Cv!S "rn prinN fly mg.'. citron, rit.
I.EFT-"I?NT) curcw.:9 r: Tr, re: v 4.7 tc FlIrItt
- . . _
Pox installing the device nroceed as follows:
.- loosen the bolts which attach the flanges of the overdrive gear output shaft
mmd left-land fans drive cardan shaft;
- install the dovice oh the flange of the overdrive gear outrUnillt-emi- - -
secure it by bolts which has been removed when disconnecting the fans carton shaft
flange;
dizengage the overdrive gear from the automobile power train;
- insert amounting iron (from the gra set) from above into the device hole.
It necessary, the device hole can be brought to a required position by pressing out
the ratchet Pawl;
- upon completion of the necessary operations involving the engine cranking,
remove the device, install the tans drive cardan shaft and engage the overdrive
Lear with the _automobile transmission.
? ENG= PUII =TT=
Purpose And Desist of Puel System
The fuel system is intended:
?
- to deliver fuel from the tasks to the fuel injection pump;
- to clean fuel of foreign particles:
- to uniformly distribute fuel among the cylinders and to inject it into the
cylinders at definite moments with regard to the crank Angle;
- to atomize fuel in the combustion chambers for better preparation of eon-
__ ,
bustible mixture;
- to adjust the amount of fuel delivered into the engine depending on its
operation.
The main components of the fuel system mounted on the engine are the following:
fuel feed pun; (71g.15), secondary fuel filter, fuel injection pump with drive
,eoupling and engine governor, twelve injectors, low and high pressure pipes. located
outside the engine are: fuel tanks, fuel distributing cock, manual fuel priming pump,
primary fuel filter, drain tank and fuel Seed control linkage.
Fate. Per convenience of mounting and demounting the pipelines of the fuel
system their ends are painted yellow.
Is
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...1?1111=1?0
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MMUS
es fuel nem from tattles to fsel infection pump. Irbil morel
manias awl fuel states primed by meows of I fuel
Pante geeP ?
...It Ind fist now Item diesel ...One foal Injection peep
and filter to righefumd tank. ?ith engine wining
(system far mentirenms nunst or sir)
^ sir flow al lormbIng of &tin tank and spare of diesel
eons, feel imbeciles poop housing Ammo left-hand .
feel mak
^ delivery Mini far feedlot mooing preheater
nem f feel drelairm from inferior bodies Pod fuel
Infection pomp of diesel engine to &al* tank with
diem! eaglet running
FIG. IS. MEC SYSTEM !MY
1 ? rum! Inds: 2 ? diesel engine injectown 3 ...sinning emhealer r
In4ertot;4?pipe far.baining fuel from diesel engine injector bodlees,,'
5? starting err:inter furl pump; 6 ? fuel feed pump Iiillis121?Kr
engine automatic nhutelown device which cult at delivery of feel
tn fuel injection pump in rase a thap of oil pressure In main nil lion
8 secondnry fool filter; 9 ? valve Fe automatic release of *Ir from;
pomp 111(.10 end secondary fuel filters 10? primary furl filer: 4'-
II ? mensal feel primine pump 111A-IA (wobble tyreh 12? fuel 1
diatributing cock; 13 ? feel Injection pump IIK-10; 14 ?pipe tdml
log fuel Pons housing of pimp 110.10; IS tank drain pipe; 16 ? tank
fee feel draining from Iniector bodies anti mop 1111-10; 17 se dm!. teal ,
etemill salve; 10? took dmIn Ore; 19? tank rest pipe
?
0
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cn cn
X X
sEurrT
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2bAi
Shen the engine is running, fuel from the tank which is out in, in drawn by
the ni.W-12Tt fuel feed pump of the engine via the fuel dietributing cock, manual
---fuel priming pump and pritary fuel filter, and delivered, under a pressure of
?
, 0.6-0.8 k5ficm2 , to the secondary fuel filter where it is cleaned of solid Escheat-
cal impurities'. Pro= the filter the fuel is conducted to the fuel injection pump.
-? The fuel injection pump delivers netered portions of fuel to the injectors of the
cylinders through the high pressure pipelines nacording to'the firing order. The
injectors spray and deliver fuel into the combustion chambers of the engine CY-
lindern.
. fuel leaking through untight Joints of the pump plunger pairs into the pump
thousing as well as fuel leaking through a clearance between the needle and inJeotor
4
4 spray tip drains along drain pipes into the drain tank.
During operation of the engine the 'air trapped in the system is continuously
discharged through a non-return valve mounted on the fuel injection pumnand aconr_...;
4 atector with a metering orifice :installed In-the-seeOndair-fuei-iiiter, and-togetbar
with some fuel is delivered into the right-band fuel tank,.
then the fuel system is primed with the help of the manual fuel priming pump to '
remove air or to Till the system with fuel, the fuel fro= the tank which is out in,
is drawn by the logrenual pump and conducted through the primary fuel filter and the
SHR-122t fuel feed pump to the secondary fuel filter. Pron the secondary fuel filter
the fuel with air is Serced.through the connector with the metering orifice to drain
to the fuel tank. When the engine is out of operatiOn, i.W. when no pressure is built
up in the 1ubricatin3 systcla the fuel is prevented from flowing to the fuel injec-
tion pump by the valve of the engine emergency shut-down device. Therefore, to bleed
air from the fuel injection pump during nriming,it is necessary to build up preccure
in the lubricating system with the help of the oil priming pump, thereby admitting
fuel to the fuel injection pump. While passing through the pump and non-return valve
the fuel together with the air will drain into the tank.
The ratlIrv-t-pe fuel feed pump serves for delivery of fuel at a pressure of
0.5-0.8 kff/cc2 to the fuel injection pump through the secondary fuel filter when
the engine is running. "
The pus? (Pig.15) consists of the following main parts; lay 2 with corer 1,
rotor sleeve 19, rotor 20, floating pin 21, four vanes 22, reducing valve 13 and
by-pass valve 12.
Cylindrical bole ec. is arranged in rotor sleeve eccentrically relative to the
external cylindrical surface of the sleeve. On the sides the sleeve is provided with
fuel inlet and otidet hiiii-E-5,47-1nIe-Slehvf-id-fress=lItted into body 2 with inter-,
leretee and locked by pin.10.
Rotor 23 is Installed eccentrically relative to the sleeve hole in bearings 3
and 9. The rotor is provided with four sJcts loosely fitted into which are vanes 22
resting on one side on pin 21 and on the other - on the internal surface of
sleeve 19. Removable tail piece 5 attached to the rotor transmits rotation to the
rotor fro= the engine drive.
The valve =nit comprises two valves: reducing 13 and by-pass 12. The reducing
valve acoommodates spring 14. One end of the spring rests on the valve botton and
the other - on adjusting acres 15. The valve Is pressed to the seat by the spring,
thustenors-tin& the suction and delivery chambers in the pump body. The valve disc
is provided with eight holes a. _ -
ay-pass valve.?12_Pressed to the reducing valve by spring 11 covers holes an".
The tension of spring 14 is adjusted by ialfiradjusting stem 17 which is con-
netted to screw_15 by a Square tall-piece. The adiustinistem Is looked by union
?nut 16.
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X
8 ? B
A
ofalk
erection &rotor rotedion
fuel flow from ton* to fret pump
elte$11141 fuel
fuel Poi . when fuel Is prrmee with mount poen:
SIN. rrni 1111. cl:En vrw.
- IrrIs to% pH 1- punt krolv; 3 owl 0 rt. ii twiny': I tool 7 tot fetonemnpr pullet eollnti roltu Inil
is nml n inItItte flog.:10 - pint II - Irpom? *alto .'r;ng I to loom valve; 11 - triltiring %alto: I -
mrrrw: 10 .. union hill: 17 t- ntlitotting girpn: ON, lity &liver? 01 furl /Corn pomp
WIN to furl filter 10 I- none nIttortm .20 _ non.: nom littot inn pint - moor ,nion - roe log .1.livoir
loo.11., pomp 1011i: 1.1 r rnanerimi - hobos on tetIneing rainy' lot luttrm or fuel tot manual riming; Ii - dellinty
rloorolom: ? mpntr rano slim% r: .1 - InTrl rinci lattlrg rnt, kwetitm
4
errriCT
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Puel Is delivered to the SITS-12TX rump through pipe 23. The pipe is attached
to the pump body by connector 24.41e1ivery of fuel from the pdap to the fuel filter
is accomplished through pipe 18. ;
The pump packing preventing fuel from leaking through clearances between tlam
parts is ensured by rubber ring 8 and frame-type rubber collar 7. The Crankcase
oil is prevented from leaking through the pump drive by rubber rings 6 and collar 4.
The rune body is provided with taper threaded plug 1 (Fig.17) sereved into
the body.
Cheek hole "a? of plug 1 is used to check the condition of the packings:
collar 7 (Pig.16) and ring 8 which prevent leakage of fuel from the pump, and of
the rankings: collar 4 and ring 6 preventing crankcase oil from leaking.
Pump rotor 20 with four vanes 22, Slanting pin 21 and SleeVe 19 forms a rotary
-mechanism with fonr working spaces (between each pair of the adjacent vanes). When
the rotor is rotating the volumes of the working spaces periodically vary: when
passing by the inlet hole they are inoreased, and when passing by the outlet hole-
decreased. Vacuum is produced in the increased volumes and fuel from the tank in
drawn through pipe 23. Prom the decreased volumes the fuel is displaced and forced
out along pipe 18 to the fuel filter.
The pump capacity exceeds the fuel consumption. As a result, excessive pressure
is built up in delivery chamber wb". To limit the excessive pressure a provision
is made for reducing valve 13. Under the action of excessive pressure the valve cosi..
presses spring 14, opens and by-passes_excesalve fuel delivered by the pump back
into pump suction chamber se'.
Then the fuel system is being filled before starting of:the engine, fuel is
delivered Into 'the system via the L1)K-12TX yump with the help of the manual fuel
priming pump. The fuel delivered into suction chamber "e" by the manual pump tills
the space above reducing valve 13 past the rotary mechanism, pastes through holes oat,
compresses spring 11 and opens by-pans valve 12, comes into delivery chamber u:b" and
flows further along pipe 18 through the fuel filter:to the fuel injection pumps
? The direction of fuel flew depending on the operating conditions of the rump is .
shown by arrows in rizas. ?
The rotor rotates anti-clockwise as viewed from the drive side.
The secordnnv fuel filter nerves for cleaning fuel of mechanical admixtures.
,The filter is introduced into the line connecting the Zild-12TE fuel Seed pump
with the fuel injection pump.
The fuel filter consists of the following main ports: easing 9 (Pig.18), filter-
ing element 15, cover 2, non-return valve 1 tot' autenatie removal of Air, clamping
bolt 12.
Fuel from the fuel feed pump is delivered to the filter through non-filtered
lnel chamber 17 and fills the space of casing 9.
Filtering element 15 installed in the caning consists of sets of cardboard or
caprone spacers 1 and 3 (176.19) and felt discs 2 assembled on the filter screen.
Under the pressure built up by the fuel feed pump fuel from the easing passes
through slots 'a? into spaces ?I:" of inle't spacers 1, penetrates through felt
discs 2 into spaces "e" of outlet spacers 3 and flows through slots "d" of these
spacers, silk bag 8 (Pig.18) and screen 7 into filtered fuel chamber 3.
Con-filtered fuel is prevented from getting into the filtered fuel chamber by
,o12 zeal 10 pressed to nut 13 and clamping bolt 12 by spring 11, and by pressure
plate 14. At the top the sealing is effected by peeking plate 16 pressed to telt
ring 21 which is fitted in a groove of filter cover 2.
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Cll.. It cir.r int': r/r :!Th."1-0.
rlua: - acre.. rtvg: a - rLcL hole
13. crr.0 rivri 111:1. IlLICIt
1 - nen-rerena salte a . For ernittnairran
rriunsal rd h' bring 1.1 II mil Mier: 2 - filter runs':
3-. mitred rod chamber: I - clamping bull rib
release plug; - 1.1teled fuel sole? passare; " Elite
metal seen.: 3 - Lae: 9- filter rosin :Li 10 - ail seal:
It - sprits?: 12 elautise Loll: 13 - au% It -rpressore -
plate: 1-1 - Wrenn f. .-Ie.iien t 14 - 'ratline plate: 17 - eau-
fatten.] fuel chamber; 18 - Psehiss uushrI1 10 - felt fraai
20- eaantetar areteetne orifice far email:mops ettorreal
of air &rug rapine ?retakes
/IC Is:41.mm nF1:11.1-elriri 11.r.hrNiT
I - inlet sparen 2 - Irk filteriag discs ,
3.. ISA( t .1141Ca; eg .?
apace.: e r-lue
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a?-?
Er gE117,,1 .1;?, Fel
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thinft El ran n nstri
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Filtered fuel from chamber 3 flows through passage 6 in the filter cover, :long
-the Pipeline to the fuel injection pump.
Air getting into the fuel filter together with feel accumulates in filtered
fuel chamber 3 where from it is continuously removed together with some fuel through
. the connector with the metering orifice and branch pipe into the right-band
fuel tank during operation ef the engine.
The hole closed by plug 5 is used to remove air from the non-filtered fuel
chamber of the secondary fuel filter after replacement of the eleMento.
The fuel injection puss (Fig.20) serves to deliver strictly metered portions of
' fuel (depending on engine load) under high pressure to the injectors according to the
firing ardor.
The pump pairs (plungers and barrels) are located in a. nom:ton-housing east of
-aluminium alloy. The ea/shaft with twelve cans causes the upward movement of the .
plungers through pushers with rollers.
- The pump camshaft is driven from the accessory drive through a coupling with a
textolite washer and is supported in two ball bearings (on the ends) and five slid- ,
Jug bearings.
The dimxward Movement of the plungers and pushers is produced by h
"dila hr
press the plungers tough the discs to the pusher bolts, and the pushers - to
'. the springs
she pomp shaft cams.
The delivery Of fuel begins after the edge or the plunger top lace covers the
pmrtn Sr the barrel on its upward stroke.
The delivery of the fuel ceases
MI; /412.1,1 as soon as the cut-off helix on the
rt plunger uncovers the barrel port
71
- 1 iLl lb _111 L-11 (rig. 21).
? ..b.iTus. .1117S The amount of delivered fuel de-
ame Endo,. Sotlam tett re
pends on the position of the plunger
Ant-- cC (ef
? 4.7re delivery centre eel/eery rfrerY relative to the barrel. Thus, this
? 2ere'ea volumetric control and, consequently
?till delivery liderineadle delivery
that of the engine power is effected
-1...a.i9einat1.:;:,:akt.,...
.:.:-.-A?
conditions.
She low freeming point (-65?e) and good viscosity-temperature characteriotion
of the fluid, gradcSTE-22,allow it to be used under severe winter conditions. .
The fluid, grade FTZ-22,is poisonous. It is forbidden to such it into the_ -
:mouth no well as to take meals until the hands contaminated with the fluid are
thoroughly cashed.
?
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Special mcanures for protection of the rtin end respiratory tracts 'hen handl-,\
Inc the fluid are not necessary.
If for any purpose the master and etheel brake cylinders Lave been removed asd
.disassembled, it is mandatery to coat the faces of hydraulic cylindora, the pistons
and the collars, in the procrss of their sszembly, uith a solid thin layer of brate.
fluid, Grade sat (E77 ITZ No.160O-47).? Grade 0:32f (Er r-L.11h226-54) preventing for-
nation of drops and eve:flocs. Chnnge the fluid, Grade ra7-22 once in 6 months
during the seasonal preventive rairtemance folloying the proneemre Given in the
-Section ^Servicisg of Eratee.
'To prevent the air system vnits from freeminn st ler temperatures and to vash
the canto:eta of electrical equipment commercial ethyl alcohol (hydrolined), Stkte
Standard (rocT) 8314-57 is used tor the air brake syntem.
'llarENTIVE IlkINTEZARCE pi? METEORS=
'Mole of Pnintennee
tith the purpose to cheek the serviceability of the automobile, to prevent ?
premature wear of_ptrts and to keep the automobile in constant technical readinesa
it it mamdatorOo carry out routine inspections and periodical preventive mainte-
nance operations.
Lai:items-nee of the automobile depending upon the terms and scope of operations
Is rubdivided as fellers:
- routine inspection before /caving the pmrt:
- routine inflection en route (at halts);
.- daily preventive maintenance (upon arrival to the park); ? E
- preventive raintronce Noil to be carried out every 1,000-1,200 km of the
Automobile run;
- preventive raittunanoZ No.2 to be carried vat every 5,000-6,000 km of the
automobile rumx).
trot'- nf Oyernticno Chrried Out erring
Pr,recrtivr n?lin'ertnce or /utosebile
The operations pertaining to the preventive maintenance of the automobile
should be carried out in conformity vith the given Table and the Lubrication Chart
ef Units and Assemblies. The more detnllcd description of operations pertaining to -;
servicing of different aseemblies and systems (methods et carrying out the Opera.. '
? tints, adjustment data, etc.) is given in the corresponding sections of the des-
criptive part of the book. _
Instructions pertainitt,
to preventive maintenance
- Rinds of preventive maintenance
Routine 'Routine
inspectioniinspection
before en route
leaving (at halts)
the park ?
Daily
preventive
mainte-
net=
Preventive
mainte-
nance No.1
1
2
3
5
Proven-
Live
mainte-
nance
No.2
6
1. Clean the Automobile
of dirt (Gust, stow), truck
? .--.7TtOrrainto tocoOot the C000llio coohitichh et the hutemo4ilt opernt on hlleew
t Short-4e-0 Operatleo of the omite at halt, choh hour of the eigine Ore-.
tailor' (then flenntve the prevontive maintenance operations) Should be opoct-
eon-a ogool. to Po hn rue.
cFrprT
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1 2
5-
aod ripe the cab sisirrar
fenders esd hood, heal-
lirhtz, ride lamps, li-
cence plates and black-
out device. Then cashisg
the automobile, do mot
dIrect the motor jet onto.
the air cleaners, gene-
.
?
.tstor regulator, starter
relay, cendint,- units
of the ,Instruments and
other eleeirical equip-
ment as vellas into to
flytheel es-sing:ports if
breathers arc mos in-,
stalled
2. Check the auto- .
mobile for cleaslines
and, ST mocctsary, re?
move dust (Sr.er); 11.?a
the wirdotiolds, Lcs5-
4
__
-
ZSGLI-t, side 2es7a atd
licence pastes
3. Inepsat the bu....
tomobilc vituD12Y Era
chez]: the sotemb:los
4
A.
:and units:o:.1.2:e. autc-
mobile an) their pipe-
lines for leakage of
oil, fuel, coolant
and brake fluid
4. Check the condi-
tion of the semi-
trailer rusnirr gear,
stowage of load on
+
+
..
-
/he semitrailer end
the reliability of
couplias with the
automobile --
.
Inds? and _Its t?sters
5. Check for pre-
4
-
..
4
4-
-soave of in the Mel
- ---
.
!tanks and drain eon-
densnte (not earlier:
than 3-bonra after-

_____
eta-rein& o' t1.41 --t-c4.-
mobile)
SECRET
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?
?
.1
2-
3
4
5
6
,
' 6. Pill the fuel taifcs.
?
?
.
.
.
Pill the fuel.tanks Sre=
fuel filling coins= or
fuel aervicirg trucks
equipped cith filter', tad
settlers
1
7. Sash the inner
apace of the fuel SuSce-
-
+
-Win pump with oil
heated to a temperature
of 110-12* according
to the recommendatiOns
of the operating in-
stuctions ,
8. Cheek tad tighten
the fastenings of fuel
tanks and brackets of
-
-
?
-
+
-the fuel tanks
9. train nil from
the drain text . .
.
a
+
.
10. ilemme and waah
the pricary fuel filter
-
..
-
-
- 11. Remove and resh
the secondary fuel
filter
-
.
-
-
-
?
' 12. Cheek cettinE
__ _ .
of the fuel injecr
-
-
-
-
+
4aVanO0 antle and COm-
pare it r:th the data
registered in the .
.
Lervice Log
13. Check Santesinz
-
-
?
-of the engine supporta
-and Condition of their
rubber shock absorbers
14. Pemore the
elements of the air
cleaner, cash then and
clean their houzings.
-
-
?
Vet the elements vith.
engine oil. In winter .
time, Co not sash the
air cleaners
15. Cheek fastening
of the air cleaners.
intake and exhaust
manifoldt and spark nr-
-
-
-resters .
272
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?
?
-?
4
1
2
3
16. grain condensate
from the ?park arresters
17. Clean the spark
saresters of carbon de?
posit and blos them vith
cosprensed air for chich
purpose, remove the
inner pipes
18. Check the 011
level in the engine Oil
tank and top up, it
necessary
19. grain 0.5 litre
of oil from the oil
tank sump (not earlier
than 5 hours niter
Mopping of the auto?
mobile)
20. Remove and vash
the screen filter of
the engine oil tank
header
21. Nash the slolted
cleaning section and
casStg of the oil fil?
ter, replace the card?
board filtering element _
22. Check the coolant
level in the conling
system end top up, if
neceseary. If the cool?
ing oyatom is tilled
with antifreeze tad
leakage in not detected,
add only cater
23. In winter time, -
-check.the composition
Of antifreeze (for pro?
cedure of determining
the composition of anti?
freeze, refer to the
Section aService gate?
rialso
?
?
+
?
_ __ .
+
?
?
?
?
+
?
+
.
?
..
?
?
+
+
?
?
+
. -
.
+
.
+
+-z)
+z)
?
+
__.
Then the engine and other units are lubricated with oil UT-14N it ehould be
rh,flged every 2,000-2,400 km of run.
SFr RET
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. 1
2
3
4
24. Cheek the condition
and, if necessary, ndJust
the tention cf the tan
drive belts (excessive
tension brings the belie
out of order)
25. Check Stmiening
of rsdiatorn, rtiittor
beams, Lraclets of ft=
and toasts:acre
26. Check the nit
presnurein the ear
bottles of the air
starting nyetem
27. Check tastetitg
of the air bottles:of
the air stating:
,
-
-
..-
-
-
-
-
+
-
4. -
.-
+
,_
. ? .
+
+
+
?
Vyttcm
28. Check fastening
of the pretetter cad It
pumping unit
29. Check for lcmdulge
fret cheek holes of the
cylinder Musk 4acketc
and bolts on the codling
system circulatldn pump
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
. 30. frart tnd yarn
the engine at-instructed
in the fection m7reps- '
ration of lutomobile for
torment% In the process
of the engie yarning,
cheek for lenkase of .
fuel, oil tnd coolent
from its tysters and
pipelines
+
-
_
-
,
+
...-.
+
31. litten to the
operation of a warned
ensiue at various speeds
and check Ste operatipte
by the instrumente
32. Cheek the ftne-
tioning of the engine
emergency shut-dorn
device.and adjutt. it
+
-
-
-
-
+
+
+
+
,necessary
274
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?
?
) 1 2
3
4
5
6
33. Elliimate all re- -
vealed troubles and fill
In the Scralce tor
.
+
4-
+
fiG. The. nircx Inn cn.row.? strict
arseaaiin
34. Check fastening
of the overdrive gear -
housing to the engine
Slyabeel easing
35. Clean the mag-
netic plug of tbc over-
drive gear and tra.nalar
case boucing ahem
changir_g 05_1
35. Unscret the con-
tainer of the 1u-drat:lie
trania2- !anion lydraullo
cyclone z.nd cite= it
of dirt
37. tasla the filter
of the hydraulic
transmission and torque
converter tank
38. licncrze end oath
the headers of the front
and rear pumps located
in the Irldraulic trans-
=lesion tr.nk
39. Remove and rash
the headern of the pla-
netary gearbox suction
puzp
???
en
ea.
a
MO
Mg.
Xx)
To be carried ous every other preventive ralutonr-aoc
en)
4.
?
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1
2
3
&
5
6
tO. C1can the tagnetic
pluEs of the hydraulic
transiticsion tank Lnd
planetary gear CbUe when
chancing\hp -
?
?
?
?
a
.
LI. Cheek
?
?
?
v.
hfesteninG
St the tranefo. ence to
\
the franc brackets
42. Check Tazthing of
the transfer case tIqe
rod .
- 43.-Cheek operation
of the transfer case .
gear?type an plunger
oil pus:pant 1,000? ..
?
? -
?
?
?
?
?
?
1,200 rep's*. of the
sagine with the direct -
gear of the hydraulic
transmission engaged
? 44. Check fastenins
?
?
C the poser take?off
unit to the trsnsfer
Case
' 45. Check tile con?
titian and fastenin5 of
the propeller ehafts
and intelaiii'fropel1er--
shafts and their uni?'
vernal joints -
46. Check fastening
of the internediate
support of the second
?
?
.
?
?
4
?
.axle propellor shaft
to the Sinai drive
housing
47. Check and tighten
the stud mats of the
?
?
?
?
&flea arranged along the
split plane of the hous* ..._
. lags
46. Meek the soadition
?
..
*
? ArAil tightmess of fitting.
of tile protective boot:
on the propeller shaft
joints . --. ---
?
49. Check fastening 9f
the axtreac housing to the
tatcreedlate one end fas?
tenths of the internedi-
? '
. ? _
?
---. ____.
?...
_._
776
SFrPFT
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1
2
3
4
5
6
_...._... _.
stc housing to the final
drive -housing in inter?.
rediatt reduction unite
rUnnlrr CPCT wld rlisly:71,71cn
?
.
.
50. Check festcning
of the wheel?hub drive
outer carrier to the shoal
Its!. .
- 51.-Chock the condition
and lasteniag of the Shock
absorbers
.-
?
?
.
52. Check fastening of?
.
?
+
the torsion bergs-
.
?
53. Check the condition
and fact cuing of the sus?
pension erns
54. Chock fastening of
the wheel trunnion to the
steering knuckle of
steerable shoe's; and to
the support of the rear
wheels sospension
?
? .
?
?
+
--
55. 'Chock nix rrca-,?
cure is the ohcel,tyres
56. :inspect fattening-
of the %heels (the spare
4
w-
...
4
+
4
.
wheel iusluded) Ltd Check -
the condition of tyrce.
. 57. Check tightening
.-
?
+
44-
4 ?
_of the wheel unto
._ 58. Check and., if neces?
?
?
?
4.-
vary, adjust the bearings of
the front and rear wheel
hubs
59. Check and, if access
..
,
sary, adjust the toe?ilia
the front steerableahoels
60. Interehrmge the
?
?
.
..
-4
tyres 'according to the rots.-
tion ail:iv-an. While doing.
so, diaavsenble all the
._
. wheels and powder the inner
apace of tyres, Slap and
the tree tube with trap
an
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1
2
3
4
5
- 6
61. Check lastaning of
the cab
62.. Check fastening of
the fifth-rheel nvaembly
to the cupport and ins-
toning of the cuppert to
.-
-
-
+
+
+
.the frame
63. Check the coati-
+
+
-Ulan al the locking device
,Trakes ,
64. Check the oil level
in the compressor crank-:
*
-
ease a=d to; up, if recce-
WIT'
65. Check the condition
and tension el the co=pres-
sor drive belts
66. Chock the available
lity and storage of sprags
67. Drain condensate .
.?
-
?
-
+
+
*
+
+
*
+
+
?
Iron air bottles of the air
brake system
68. ;main condensate fro=
the moisture-and-oil separa-
tor
69. Drain condensate from
.
. -
-,
*
,+
-
.
*
*
*
+
- de
the Laster brake cylinders
lin winter time)
70. Check the compressor
resteming
71. Check the air syntem
for tightness and function-
ing of the air pressure row
gulator and adjust the lat-
ter, if necessary
? 72. Check the brake fluid
level in the vaster broke
cylinders and, it necessary,
top up and bleed the system-
-
?..
+
+
? 73. Check the condition
and functioning of the safety
valve and, if necessary, ad-
lust it according to the
recormendations given in
the operating instructions
-
-
*
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1
2?
3
4
74. Check the service-
ability of the safety valve -
by releasing air (Tor this
purpose, pull the valve
stem)
75. Check the clenrance
between the shoes and Crum
of the foot brakee on all
the wheels and adjust, Si'
necesear9
76. Check the clearance
between the brake bend and
drum of the band broke
and adjust, if necessary
77. Remove the conpresnor
cylinder head and cheek the
condition of valves, valve
springs amd unloading dia-
phragm. Clean the corpcessor
parts of Gun deposit
7E. Remove the moisture-
and-oil separator, rash it
without disonaembly, with
butyl alcohol until oil ?
and dirt are corpletely ,-e-
toyed; this dome, reinstall '
the compressor
79. Check fastening of
the brake valve, master
brake cylinders, air
bottles, coupling bead -
and cut-out cook
80. Check the pressure
of air delivered tb the .
semitrailer
81. Check the condi-
lion of the brake mrumu
and foot brake shoes
82. Trash the air
cleaners in the ventila- ?
tion mYetem of assemblies
keering_pear- .
83. Check Taatening of
the steering linkage arum
84. Check the tilting
of the 'Acerb% mheol
-
-
?
-
-
-
-
-
-
..
-
?
-
-
42x)
- ?
4-
...
.
?
-
?
4
---
-
.
_a
-
-
-
-
7
? '
-
-
-
?.---
?
-
-
err)

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1
2
3
4
5
6
85. Check the condition
and tightness of protectime
boat on the joints ol the
steering rods end hydraulic
boost=
88. Cheek and, if tease-
vary, tighten the fastening
elements of the steering.
gear ease and ,pitran arm
.-
?
-
-
-
*
-
?
+
?
+
D7. Cheek fastening of
the steering system tyd- -
raulic boonier tank ,
- 813. Check Letting of
thrust bolts lirltdmg the
'
-
-
-
+
+
+
Yarning al-wheels' '
69. fleck the position
of bolts cm the steering
+

+
Er attmehing.hracket which
Unit the extreme position
at the pitr.sa SSA. The bolts
should be set so that a
simultaneous or slightly
earlier thrust of the pit=
arm against the limiting
boltm is chtained nt extre-
.,
-re positions telative to
the thrust of the mbeel,
trunnion against the liult-
ins bolts provided on the
steering 1=ekle
.Ilectrical ler.232=t
.
90. Check charging of
ihe storage batteries by the
voltr-meter for which pur-
peep, depress the button ar-
ranged on the voltammeter. If
at starting of the engine by
the etnrter the voltage drops
below 17 A', recharge the
storage batteries - '
+
-
._. _
....- -
_______
It in peralseible to
charge the atorage batteries
from a charging plant directly
en the automobile. /or this
"purpose, connect the tires
having the ceetionsi area
not than /0 rm , which
.ices
TIM fres the charging plant,
2*5
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to the automobile terminals
arranged under the engine
compartment hood at the
upper part of the cab remr
wall
.
-
4
+
+
Daring slave charging
ct the storage batteries -
the battery switch should
-le out out
91.Ch2ck the heaelighte,
side lampc,tail light,horns,
rindshicld wiper and toot
dimmer switch for proper
functioning - '
...
No.
+
,
92. Check the electrolyte
level in the storage het-.
terien
93. Check the TZD-6014X
contactor Sor reliable
-
..
evert
10-15 days
-
+
+
+
Sestenirg .
94. Chock the wires for
-
+
+
-cleanliness and reliable
C
_fastening to the term:male
OS the storage -batteries
and generator regulator
95. 'Check the 3nt7a 11-
luminating the instrumemts
amd the -cab dome lamp for
proper Sunctirsimg
?
-
a

96. Cheek the condition-
and fastening of electric
vireo
97. Check the condition
and functioning of the in-
stn.-arts .
92. Check the starter,
generator and its drive for
reliable fastening
-
-
-
-
-
4
-
-
4-
+
.0.
rx)
99. Remove the generator
and check the condition of .
the commutator and brushes
100. Remove the eterter
-
-
-
-
every
+
from the automobile, check
the conditicn of the con-
3
menthe
_
mutate?, brushes and starter
drive.nechanicz
101. Remove the contactor
cover and inspect the con-
tacts. In ease of excessive
burning, clean the contacts
-
-
..
-
_
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_
2
3
4
5
6
102. Check the comdition
and correct ad:Wet-rental'
headlights
103. Check the specific -
crirrity of electrolyte,
clean the vent holes in
storage battery plugs
104. nib the automobile
in notion 'check the opera-
tion of the.planctary scar-?
bon, transfer case, driving
ales, steering scar,
brakes and speedommter
105. Immediately after
stopping the automobile,'
check the degree of heating
ct the then]. hubs, trahe
dry= sad axle housings
106. Chock-the complete-
-
4
-
i
-
-
-
+
-
-
every
30 days
-
+
?
*
4
-
4-
?
+
I-
4-
IMES, serviceability asd
stcrase of the driver's
teas, fettosins of the
co:flatten, or:trench-Inc
tools :and :Arc extinguishcre
.
107. lliLinate the
detetted_trembles .._
4-
.-
?
+
-
+
_4
4-
10S. Imbmicato the
automobile :unite end as-
semblies cocording to tbs.
. Lubrication Chmrt
._
Ad.di.ions .2:v4...to be -
Csrried Cot shts_emeratizs
in Aretic schleps
1. 1111 the Lomprcvsor
._ .
delivery 'pipeline title
-
??
?
__.
.
:h
100 Er anornercial ethyl
(tydrolimed) aleettl to
prevent tree:tog of con-
densate in the cutomobile -.
.
-air system units nal apply
tie brakes tor 2-3 times
2. then the automobile
-
.-
+
.
-
. As parted or more than
24 hairs cover the'antom0.-
- bile-mith a test .
---3- Chest the fastenimg
nmd tomcat/on ot the Utz-ming
?
4.
*
252
crrocr
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1
Additica-t1 Wort tc be -
Corrieg Out When Opt-Eating
:on?gandy rindDeecrt Terrain
1. I= case of centinucum
shut down periods in opcsn-
titan of the antenobils,
+
? - ? -
-
.-
-
?cbeck the electrolyte level
la the rtorage butteries
2. It a tewperature of ,
ambient air above .30?C,
.-
+ -
a
-
..
?check additionally the con-
dition end tanaion of belts
of the Sens and et:prom:or
3. Cheek the availability
and condition of gaskets in
the taps or real tarts
. 4. Cheek the radiator cop
for tight Sitting
5. Chuck the serviceability
-
???
-
ei
-
-
+
r
r
r
+
e
+
.
+
Of the nun visor r44 wind-
shield vipers
- 5. .Check the specifie
gravity of electrolyte and
-
.-
r
-
-
.cican the vent boles in ?
iterate battery piers
__7..._Ctaczk2the. condition
-
-
End tightness of fitting of
protective boots on propel-
ler that jolate
8. MI:en the autonobile
is parked ?CZ; tore tr.-le
..-
-

-
24 hours or nt night, cover
the'untmobil. with a tent
D. remove and rash the
hreather of the engine
crankcese
10. Check the condition
of brake dm= cud brake . .
shoe linings of the toot ,
brakes
,
-
-
-
?
s-
r
?
+
Additional Murk to be
.Carried Out then Deeratin:
on Countain Terrain
.
- 1.1n case of continuoun
shutdown periods in opern-
tion of the autonobilc, ?
check the electrolyte level
+
?, .
-
-
4
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2 .1 3
6
2. Cheek tho condition
and tension of the COMITVD.-
mar belt?
3. Check the conditicen
and fastening of nechnmisma
and parts of the steering
gear
h. Check the ratiator
es, tor tight fitting
5. Check the serviceabi?
lity of the con visor nod
rindshie/d vipers
6. Check the electrolyte
level lu storage batteries
7. In conneetidnrith
char, fluctuations of the
athient zir tennerztero,
drain tater Iron the cool?
ing net= in case of con?
tinuous parhirz of the nu?
tonohile
11. Check had, if neoes?
sary, ndjact ths too?in of
front =terabit vhecic
S. Cheek the condition
of brake trans and brake
oho+ linings of the Soot
. brakes
254
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???
???
every
3 days
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The tanks should Le filled rith fuel frmm a fucl-fillin3. col= through a dis-
pensing gun provided it a silk (coprene) filter. It' is not recommended to fill
fuel from buckets. The amount of fuel Sr the tants is measured 'with a dipstick.
The lubricating myrten should be filled only with ace= on passed throca a
screen filter.
Tor instructions pertaining to the oil to be used in the lubricating system
refer to the Section "Service katerials". To top up the oil tank of new automobile
or to cb rge oil in the lubricating eyetem, proceed as foliose:
- clean the cap cad filler neck of the tank of duct and dirt;
- unscrew the tank filler meek cap and lnmert a funnel with a screen Int
Si/lerhole; - -
. - fill the tank with oil up the mark-"n" (Pull) on the Oil diputiek;
- start the engine and mn it for 3 min at a speed of 800-1,000 r.p.m. to till
the-channels and pipelinec of the engine with oil;
- stop the engine and let the foam settle doss'
- check the oil level in the tank;
- add oil into the tank up to-the mark "n" (Full) on the oil dipstick and carer
DL the cap.
The total amount of oil filled into the lubricating system comprises 90 litres.
The minimum rermiceible ambunt rt oil in the tank is 30 litres, if the amount
-of oil is less than 30 litres It Is forbidden to vturt the engine.
After filling or topping up the cooling system, fuel mysten and lubricating
system, proceed as follows:
- make sure the-gearshift lever of the plumetary gearbox 5s in the neutral
position and the torque converter it unlocketi.
- net the hamdIn of the fuel distributing cock into the position at rhich the
sight-hand fuel tank lo cut is (zith Lath tanks filled up); '
- bleed air from the fuel eystem (after filling the empty s}stem, in case of
dmlemkaEe of air through untight car-motions, during tashisg of fuel filters or
replacement of the fuel Injection pump),_formhich puree-se-depress-the-button-0f--
the air bleed valve and building up a pressure of at least 3.5 kgf/c52 by means of
the oil priming Pump, pump fuel by the hand-operated pump during 1-2 min;
- cut in the battery twitch;
- cut in the electric oil priming pump:
Men the pressure in the lubricating system reaches not less than 3.0 kgf/cm2,
without cutting out the pump, crank the engine through 3-4 turns with the fuel
delivery cut oft.
LiAnNINSI Do not keep the electric oil priming pumpert in in excess
?ol one minute.
TICEPARLTION OF ZZ:rmr. FOR START= AT ISIBIENT Ana
TIZTEZATUPS nmLow pins $?c
Preparation of the engine for starting at we ambient air temperature below --
Plugs 5?0 includes the same operations on filling and checking of the engine cyntems
as in the Cane or preparing the ezci:le for starting at a temperature above plus
5?C, but is distinguished by some peculiarities.
-For a winter period of cperation the preheater boiler should. be connected into
the cooling system for rhich purposef install the gasket with the side baying the
hole between the flanges of the branch pipe of the pipeline rusaing.trom the pre-
heater boiler to the thermostat boy.
rts
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Pill the cooling system with antifreeee and the fuel cytten with Meter Grade
? fuel. Additional instructions pertaining to filling the coolant and fuel, see in
the Beet-ion vgervice taterialev.
The total amount of cold antifreeze to be filled into the cooling system com-
vprites 95 litres. In this cane, the level of antifreeze in the radiator should be.
10-15 mm above the radiator core tubes with the filler necks of both radiators open. -
Prior to starting, warm up the ensine by the preheater.
The lost of antifreeze caused by evaporation (in case there is no leakage) -
should be replenished by tater. Turing preventive maintenance operations, cheek the
content and freezing point of the antifreeze.
The c' m oolant le drained from the coolins system timultaneonslithrongh the drain
? cocks arrant:ea or, the circulation pump, on cooled exhaust manifolds, on the delivery
pipeline of the cab heater and on the preheater boiler, from the plug provided on
the heated pipe fl tbe =in oil line, in thin ease the tiller neck caps of the
radiators should be removed. ?
The cob heater drain cock is located under the cab on the right-hand side of
the autonebiles
. The drain cocks of cooled exhaust manifolds are opened by turning them clock-
wise when looking on the side of the flange into which the cook is'screred in.
To open the drain cock located on the preheater boiler, disconnect the mud
guard plate iron the bumper and lever it torn.
To renove the remaining coolant from the circulation Pump, crank the engine
? slightly by the starter without delivery of fuel.
? " Alter filling the cooling system with antifreeze, fuel system with tinter-
grade fuel and dub:Jetting tystem with ell, do the following; -
- nmke sure the gearshift lever Cf the planetary gearbox is in the neutral
position and the torque cenverter is unlocked;
- set- the handle of the fuel distributing cook into the position at.rhich the ,
right-hand fuel tauk it out in (with both tanks filled up); .
--a-disconnect the rndintore having slipped down the shutter arranged-in
thertontat box branch pipe; ?
- disconnect the fans for which purpose, set the switches of the fan electro-
? magnetic couplings cm the instrunent panel into the OPT position;
- bleed air from the fuel system by pumping Suel.with the band-operated fuel
2n=P;
? - tut in the battery twitch;
,
- cut in the preheater electric rotor for 10-15 sec by setting the electric
motor change-over switch into the OPERATION (PAPOZO position. The electromagnetic
valve stitch should be in the SCAVENGE (BPOSYB) position;
- cut in the preheater glow plug and keep it cut in during 30-40 see, as a ref:
the reference coil should glow bright-red;
- shift the elvetrtmagnetic valve switch from the TCAVENGB (RPOEYB) position
into the OPIEATION (PLIOTA)eocition and the electric motor selector switch Into "
theflAt2CEJON)position;
- in ease of a stable operation of the preheater (indicated by peculiar noise
what the ignition of fuel takes place without the glow plus, release the glow
plug control lever and shift the electric motor selector switch into the OPERATION
4PAIOTI) Position;
- during warning the engine by the preheater when the coolant is warmed up
tt periodically but not in excess of 20 see switch on the electric oil -,
prininS pump;
Tie
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- when the coolant is heated to 465?C and the oil priming pump ensures
pumping of. oil, switch on the preheater;
- cut in the electric ail priming pump.
then pressure in the lubricating syttc= redebes at least 3.0 kc?/e2, crank thm
engine by the starter without cutting out the pump through 3 tunas 17ith the fuel ?
%delivery cut on!.
STLITIMG AND rflatum OP 12TaMRI ?
Ile engine-can be started by the starter or ecmpressed air. Math starting
oysters operate independently from casLt other. The main starting method is by the
starter. The air starting system is an auxiliary (stand-by) seams used in case of-
the starter Sailnrc.
Then using any of the virtens the engine should be prepared for starting. At
the temperature of ambient air below -15?C then the oil in the hydraulic
?trnnamisvion becomes thick, disconnect the hydraulic transmiscion from the engine
before starting the engine by' the lever lscated on the overdrive gear.
Startin^:the Mnlint by Stryter
then nterting the engine by the starter:.
- make sure that the fuel feed control handle is in the position at which the
fuel feed in cut off;
- make a yarning signal;
- depress the accelerator pedal 1/3 of its full travel; build up a prescore of
-at least 3 kgfica2 by the oil prim-11'S PyrRi
- depress the starter button (the pried rf beeping the button depressed is
5 nee).
If the eagine starts, release the button. . .
If at the first attempt the engine fails to start Cr rims irregularly, repeat
the starting mot carlier_than_afTer_25.mcc,If after three-four attempts the engine.
Sails to start or runs irregularly,. stop starting -ind-fiturthe cause of
failure. After elimination of troubles, repaat starting the engine.
rn-ine Starting by Cont-reared Air
To start the engine by comp:sr-nee air, opan the shut-off valve on one of the
bottles. The shut-off valve is located in the engine cospartment on the cab rear
rail. 'Using the oil prising pump, build up a pressure of pt least 3 kg?/ca2, and
then open the air starting reducing valve arranged on the cab rear rail having
turned the valve handle counter-clockwise. Right after starting, close the reducing
valve and the shut-off valve on the bottle.
The pressure of air delivered into the air distributor should be at least
GO bgT/cm2 in maser and 75 Egl/cm2 in sinter (by the pressure gauge). If at
starting the pressure gauge registers the pressure not less than G0. kgf/cm2 and '
Ahe engine fails to be started, ipmediately close the reducing valve and then the
shut-off valve on the bottle, and find the cause of the engine failure. After
elimination of troubles, repeat starting of the engine.
Rote' In case of entre= necessity to start the engine rith the storage
batteries of the automobile discharged and with laok of compressed air
in the air starting systnm it is permissible to start the engine from %.
external storage2batteries. Par this purpose, using a wire with the
section of 70 cm , connect the positive terminal of external storage
batteries, interconnected in the sane tay us the storage batteries on
cPCRFT
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the artorobile, to the contactor terminal connected to phich in the uire
running trom the automobile storage bateeriec, tnd the negative terminal
to the tutomobile grevmds
?
Itrine Stsrtinr by Tortes
Starting tha engine by tering it permitted only in Emergency eases rhen the
electric starter in out of order OT it is imponsible to use compressed air Tor
starting the ttgime.
To start the engine by toying, proceed a-afollows:
- cppple the autemobilc to be tered with the towing automobile .by means of a
to bar;
- at am ambient air tcmperature below +5?C, vs= the coolant and 011 107
the preheater;
- start to tor the automobile vith its planetary gearbox set at neutral and
increase the npeed of touitg to at least 10-20 kn/hr;
- ter the antemnbile until oil pressure in the planetary gearbox boosters
reaches 5.t-11.0 kgf/ori2 and in the engine lubricating cyst= at least 3.0 bgf/em2
cr rtich.pnrpose periodically nritch on the electric oil priming pump;
- make sure that the direct gear in engaged in the trannfer case, then shift
in the second gear in the pinnetari gearbox, lock up the torque convertor and de-
press the accelerator pedal through 1/5 of its full travel;
- after the engine is started, unlock the torque converter, stop the automobile
tnd set the gearshift lever of the planetary geurbox into the neutral position and
set the minimum ttable tpeed et the engine (500-000 r.p.m.);
- remove the to bar.
In entter ET extreme neceteity it it perminsible to couple the torcd automobile
(vrtheut temitrai)er) pith the torino automobile by s flexible towing vire rope if
the towing air valve is areilable. After coupling of the automobiles, make prepara- .
tic= for tering tn instructed in the Section "Automobile Towing".
Towing the automoMle rith the pm-pone to start its engine is parmitted only
It the forrard directica and on a straight road haying no turns, tince the ttcoring
gear booster does net function with the engine shut down that makes the automobile '
steering dltfirult.
Phe hrake system of the tored automobile should be"in toad order'.
InOine 7orm1ng after Stnrtine ?
lubt after the engine starting, pet the minimum stable idling speed (50D-
b00 r.p.r.t.) by manna of the manual fool feed control handle. After Martins the
engine thich has been previously warmed, cut in the radiators having ratted the
chatter az soon an the temperature Of coolant reaches +7000.
It thould be born in Lind that the temperature of coolant in the cooling
system will drop due to mixing of coolant in the entire cooling system. To raise
the teaperature of eoclant, run 'Me engine at tn idling speed of 600-600 -
mad gradually increnting the engine speed to 1,000-1,100 r.p.n., bring the teetpera-
tare of coolant to *45?C. The engine it coanidered to be earned and ready for norma:
service under all operating condition:3 when the oil and coolant outlet temperatures
are not below +55?0.
After warming the engine at an ambient air temperature be-fire-=15?C, stop the '
engine and eonneet the hydraulic tranemiesion to the engine. Start the eCgine once
again and keep warming it until the temperature of oil in the torque converter and
.gearbox risen up to +20?Cy
as?
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Continuous operation of the engine at n halt at a creed less than 1,400 r.p.u.
and particularly at low terTeratarcs of amblont air is LO: r,!commended.
,Continuous crea-ati on of the cncinc at a low speed as re/1 an under low loads
causes DJ: intensive discharge of nan?ba.rnt nixtcre Iron IL? engine cylinders into
the exhaust duct.
This leads to gumming of the pittent, piston rings, valves and their bushings
which brings the engine out of order. Besides, durizg discharge of the non?burnt
mixture it accumulates in the exhaust 'duct and at chnngins over to higher speeds
and loads causes overheating, warpage and puncture of the exhaust duct packing -
acnkets. ?
. . Puncture of-the pecking gut:bets in fire?hatardous as the nen?burnt mixture in
ditcharged into the engine compartment.
2n all cases, rhan rntight 7lsces are detected in the exhaust duct, urgently
tube features to climinste the deficiencies by tightening the nuts and bolts of
the exhaust duct, relacIng damaged packing gaskets, and by rdditionally winding
taught places rith asbestos rsehing; while doing so, wash all contaminated surfaces
of the parts.
To ensure normal operation ci the ensine, do not rum-the engine continuously'
at a low speed mni under low leads.
In cone the automobile engine is cr.:played at alo, speed and under low loads,
to the folloving:
? before and after eTcration of the engine cleat and blow through the spark
arrester without fail according to the attetobile operating instructions;
? during operation, periodicLlly load the engine to clean the exhaust duet of
accumulated condensate;
? regularly tighten the nuts attaching the manifolds and check the condition
of asbestos patkitCS at the joints of the automobile exhaust pipes. .
Men it it rec.-aired to hr.?, the Luton:bile rtaey for iL.acdiate operation at
ley temperatures of afthient air, follow the instructions given in the Section rPe?
. -
culinrities of Automobile ()iteration in Vintext.
'NO= STOPPING
. -
Prior to slop:ring the encine, grseunlly reduce ite'speed to 1,200-1,300 r.p.m.
and run thc engine at tdlinE until the tenperature Cf coolant and oil drops to ,
.70?C.,
It it forbidden to stop the engine when the temperature of coolant and oil
is higher than .70?C since it ta7 cause an inadmissible rise of the engine tempe?
rature.
To step the engine, slowly shift -Clic nanual fuel feed control handle Into the
position of fuel feed cut?off and release the accelerator pedal.
POT energeney stopping ?S .the engine in ease of the engine racing or when it,
iS impossible to cut cii the fuel delivery due to jamming of the fuel injection'
piss; control rock, quickly pull cut the engine emergency stopping handle located
to the right of the driver on the cab rear wall, and keep it pulled out until the
engine rtors completely.
After stopping of the engine, do not fail to cut out the battery switch.
AUTMOBILE DRIVING
Cnly the drivers 1,ho have studied and passed the examinations on the design,
operating instructions and driving flies of the given automobile may be sdnitted
to driving.
cernF
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l'Iactne the Autem:ibfle in retien ax.5 rrivinm, on Boade
On Level nand
It should be taken into account that placing the automobilein motion always
requires a greater effort than that required during the automobile motion In the
se= gear.
.ThereSore, the automobile should always be placed it motion in the tint
gear.
To place the automobile in action, proceed as follows:
- start and warm the engine as instructed in the Section "Preparation of Auto-
mobile fel. Driving";
- chick readinta of the hydraulic transmission instruments; the oil pressure
an the torque converter should be 3.0-4.0 1gf/cm2, the oil pressure in the planetary
gearhox boosters should be 9.0-13.0 kgf/cm2, the oil pressure in the hydraulic ,
transmission lubricating -system nbeuld be 1-0-1-5 liST/er2i
- check the air pressure in the brake system and in the tyres: the air pressure
in the brake system should be at least 5.65 keffem2 while the air pressure in the
tyres should be 4.5+0.2 kgf/cm2;
- reduce the engine speed to 600-800 r.p.n.;
- make sure that the nigh or /or gear is engaged in the trancfer c e;
- shift in the firet Gear in the planetary gearbox;
- release the hand brake lever and sound. the horn;
- smoothly depressing the accelerator pedal place the automobile in notion;
_ - at first metres of .driving, sharply depress the brake pedal to make cure
the brake system operates reliably.
In winter the following should be taken into account:
- it is permissible to place the automobile in motion when the temperature
of oil in the torque converter and planetary Gearbox is not levs than
- for warming thick lubricant in the automobile units at an ambient air tem..
peratere belcs -15?C, place the automobile in notion amoothly and at tint 1-2 hp
drive the att.-mobile at a .cpeed not exceeding 20-30 km/hr. .
Accelerate the automobile sfter'pincing it in motion in the-first gear, them
charge ever to the cecond gear and to the third gear without looking up the torque ,
converter. In this ease, the mmrimum torque on the driving wheels required for
placing the vehicle iz motion and smooth acceleration of the automobile are ensured.
For better utilization of the engine power, do not change over to a higher
gear during, acceleration until the engine r.p.m. and the automobile speed cease
- to increase at full fuel feed. In ease of stable driving on a good road in the
third tear, leak up the torque converter. The behind-up of the torque converter
excludes the acre of peter In the torque converter and intensive heating of oil
in the hydraulic transmission.
If the automobile is loaded so that it is required to drive it in the second
gear or a good road (for example, when toeing a heavy-weight semitrailer), lock
up the torque converter is the second tear. The torque converter is not locked up
in the first gear.
TO provide Ter economic operation of the automobile and to ensure tronble-
free operation of the torque converter it is recommended to use the following speed
reagent
? in the tint fORT 6151=Vlir;
in the second gear:
'with the torque converter unlocked - 10-25 Lahr;
with the torque converter locked up - 25-35 tufts;
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in the third roar:
with the torque converter unlocked - km/hri _T
vith the torque converter locked up - 45-G0_1:m/tr.
The above speed ranges of drivite, ehould be uped vith the engine cperating at
full fuel feed and rith the direct beer engaged in the transfer. onto.
It is not recomeendet to drive,at eTocds below G km/hr in the first gear, ?
10 km/hr in the vecond gear and beloy 20 lo/hr in the third gear since the torque
converter will operate at 1o7 gear ratios causing Ceterloration of the cconory
characteristics of the automobile and n sharp increase of the oil tenperature in
the torque converter.
Then driving the nutombile in the low gear of the transfer case (at full fuel
Seed) the recommended speed ranges in all gears of the planetary gearbox pill be
approximately two times lover.
When reducing the automobile npeed for negotiation or obetacleo (ditch, rut,
railroad crossing, etc.), unlock the ternee converter for vhich purpoce, depress
thee-umlockine button on the instrument panel and change over to the second and
then teethe first gear dependieg upon the road conditions and while debts so, ad-
:Just the feel feed.
? To slow down the automebile when negotiating the obstacles shich do not re-
nuire shifting of the gears, it le :sufficient to release the accelerator pedal and
apply the foot brake, if necessary. nen the automobile is coasting en roads rith
lard surface, it in forbidden to disengage the gear in the planetary gearbox.
Then driving on terns, redeee the eueemobile speed and take measures ensuring
safe driving.
On_Degeede
As a rule, continucus Terkiee of the braked automobile on an upgrade is.not
recommended.
In cane of an emergency ttopping of the automobile en the upgradee, brake the
autorobile-bY the handand foot breece, and place sprees (furnished with-the .
automobile) under the 2-22:7 axle wheels; this done, release the foot brake.
The procedure of placing the automobile in notion on an upgrade depends upon
the upgrade steepness as well as upon the nature cad condition of the road..
Mean placing the automobile in notion on the upgrade,..do the
- carry out the first five operatione given in the Section "Placing the
Automobile in rotten on Level Peed"; , _
- shift in the first gear in the planetary gearbox; .
- sound the horn, gradually Tr:levee the hand brake lever and_sinultaneouely
increasing the engine speed by depressing the accelerator pedal, start novingT
- drive to a level section of the road and et-op the automobile;
- Tut the sprees to their proper place and go on Loving.
in tinter, it is of particular importance to take into account the condition
' of snow cover on the upgrade on which the automobile has been stopped and depend-
ing upon the snow cover condition', take the required measures (adding of sand,
digging dean, etc.) to ensure reliable placing the autoeobile in notion and nego-
tiation of the upgrade._
_ .
As a rule, an upgrade should be negotiated straightway._ Oblique _movement ulth
heeling sharply reduces the maximum traction power, entices clipping of the mite-
mobile-and impairs-the-conditions for negotiating
Due to the same reasons, avoid the etraiehtway movement on a hilleido.
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Before negotiating an urgrode the driver should engage that gear In the plane.:
_tory gearbox (if necessary, he rhould engage the low gear in the transfer case) in
which negotiation cf the upgrade by to automobile is ensured without rethliting
the gears.
On particularly heavy upgrades, lock up the transfer case differential.
For locking up the transfer case differential, set the valve handle located to
the left on the steering col= into position 711 +WM
On an trate, drive the automobilewithout steps and turns. ?
? _ If due to any rcosona-tne upgrade cermet be negotiated, take precautionary
measures and slowly move down having shifted in the reverse gear and set the minimum
stable speed cf the engine. .
Love down gradually preventing acceleration of tin automobile.
then trivinr in sylvan the nutonobiles should negotiate the 'upgrade: in turn.
Sirsiltancour driving of two automobiles on the upgrade is forbidden.
Om Tarmsra.?e ?
At norule, Continuous parking of the automobile on u downgrade is not neon..
mended. .
In ease of emergency stopping of the automobile on the downgrade, brake the
automobile by the Lend and foot brakes and place the sprats under both wheels of
the front axle; this done, release the foot brake.
. The precede:a for placing the astootbile in motion on a downgrade, depends upon
the downgrade steepness no well as upon the nature and condition of the road.
? It all cases, descending In the low gear is core safe.
Om a nhort downgrtde with a good road it is permissible to doceend in a higher
icar.than Cu a continuous downgrade with a tad road.
To start the cutorebile braked on the downgrade, proceed as follows:
- carry out the first five operations given in the Section "fleeing the
_LutOnChiln_l:otionnwiitrel_foad's
- shift in the reVerse gear in the planetarf gearbox;
- round the horn, gradually rclexce the hand brake lever and simultanconely
increasing the engine speed, tack out the automobile for 1-2 M and disengage the
reverse gear; ?
- brake the automobile by the foot and hand brakes end hold it in such a
...position until one of the crew tethers YCMOVes the cprags from Under the wheels;
- shift in the required gear in the planetary gearbox ensuring safe driving
-on the downgrade, release the Land brake lever, sound the horn and re/easing the
foot brake pedal start to descend by coasting without cutting in the fuel feed.
1U0=1::: Coasting o: the automobile on a slippery downgrade is forbidden. ,
The speed of coasting automobile on a downgrade should be maintained within
the limits depending upon the condition of a road and visibility.
wAnr=c1 In winter it is forbidden to drive the automobile by Coasting on
snot-covered or ice-glazed downgrade. Always place the automobile -
. In motion Cu the degrade with the second tear engaged in the
Planetary gearbox and with the torque converter locked up to use the
engine for additional braking of the automobile.
Then negotiating a oteep downgrade, take all the precautiomary measures provid-
' ing for a safe descent.
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. Storolre of /wtoesbilo
TO stop the automobile, proceed i.e followst
- release the accelerator pudal;
? unlock the torque converter (11. it has herb locked up) and set the Goarchift
lever of the.planetary gearbox in the ruutral position;
? if necessary, slightly brake ttc nutomobile with the foot brake;
? after the autonobile is stopped, apply the hand brake.
Pox energeacy (immodiatc) =topping, do the following:
? quickly release tin accelerator pedal and timultateously unlock the torque
converter if it has been 'licked up;
' depress the net brake pedal;
? after the automobile is stopped, disengage the gear-by setting the gest-thin
lever in the-neutral position;
? apply the hand brake.
After stopping the automobile on an upgrade, place the tprags under both wheels
of the rear axle, on a ilornCradc, place then under both wheels of the front axle.
then rucking the tutotobiie. en level sections of the road and in case or
emergency stopping of the automobile on uPgrades and downgrades in winter it
should be taken into acdcent that freezing of the hand brake band and wheel brake
shoes to the drums is porsible that to penetration of water or snow. To prevent
fretting or the brakes, release all the brakes after having taken the precautionary
nca=urer (placing the sprags under the wheels, etc.) excluding any possibility of
spontaneous movement of the automobile. .
?
Punainc?in of Attompbfle
The running?in of a nee zutonobile with the purpone to ensure complete eenring
in of its parts- and meehanirms nhould be carried out during the first 2,000 kn of
ran.
The-complete =cope of the running?in procedure includes the running?in tests
rerformed at the tatuncturina 'Plant during a GOO?km run.
After the running?in tests pernrned at the Lanufacturing Plant the. automobile
is completely ready for service without any restrictions referring to the operntirg
conditions.
/ben running in the autermbile, observe the follocinz basic' requirgnents re?
/erring to the preventive raintenanee:
? run in the automobile only on the recommended Grades of fuel and on;
7 when in Untion, constantly observe the readings of instruments and in due
'time take the measures to correct abnormal operation of the automobile units and
nrmeablies;
?et halts, check the unite and assemblies for heating; in ease of excessive
heating, reveal the causes and elininate the trouble-c.
When running in the automobile, unscrew the plug on the rasher an:telling the
steering system hydraulic booster; utter the running?in procedure is conpleted,
-screw in the plug. ?
After the first 1,000 km of run? including the running?in tests performed at
the Eanufacturing Plant, carry cut the refastening operations prescribed in pre?
ventive maintenance No.1, check And top up the capacities of all the vasemblies,
lubricate the bearingo of the propeller shaft centre crosses, constant?velocity
universal Joints and bearings of the king pins.
SFC RET
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After :he rtinning-fn of antenebilec, i.e. after 2,000 1= of run, carry out
nreventive anintensmee re.1 An the full Poop; once anain, and additionally;
- chants en in the engine;
- =zero Lad ranb the oil filter houninn,. slotted cicaninn section and replace
tne triter:: filtering element; ?
- change oil in the hydraulic transmission;
- utterer the container ef the cyclone filter of the hydraulio trinsmictien and
clean it of dirt; it case, a great amount of metal duct or metal particles ic de-.
tested, find cut the ;lace of dronse;
- rein:* and ,:ash the filter el' the hydraulic transoistion tank;
- restive rind rani; the filter of the terrine converter;
- remove and each the headers of the front and rear pumps located in the hyd-
raulic trannmiceion tank; ? -
- reneye. and Etth the headers of the plenetary nearbox suction pump;
- check the intermediate and final reguctien units of the driving axles for
yrepas fattening to the frame; ?
- check and, if neceseary, adjust the bearings of the rheel hubs;
- &act:, ttd argnetic plugs of the overdrive gear boucing, hydraulic transmission
71:c,etecy gearbox and traanfer ease;
- camnrc cil tn the comnreteor crankcase, fame drive, reduction gear houtingt*
gear henting, transfer case housing* poser take-off housing, houcinge of
rzfretion units" wbee3-bub drive casings and it the steerimg goer etre.
Ii ter tha antatiebild hat been run in during a 2 , 000-1:ci ran and the [bete
epa-
? hnve bean carried cut the automobile in coraii dared to be reedy for normal
r AUltifORIIR UNDER POOR ROAD commum
iEretfstica- cf Different Cbstecles on Roads
nictadies which are encountered on roade and cause a sharp fa:create of load
? tket.1 theall be negatlated with the '4:crest converter unlocked and rith low
eirri enraged in the planetary getrbtr and transfer case, in separate cases, the
:eekfng-np of the transfer case differential chould be Used. ?
Funpn and obntacles .(ttan3s, stones, etc.) not exceeding in height the auto-.
? grcand tie:ern:ice should be patted betreen the wheels if there it no pop-
LAI:Sty to pats then by. Obstacles enceeding in height the ground clearance
?ra.xide passed by. ?
If 1-4,e catraohile Stilt to negotiate an obstacle End bogs down, stop the at-
to er:o7iate the obstacle an tor it by another automobile. -
Pordina
Prier to fording, do the following:
- invcalgete the ford depth (it should not exceed 1.3 n), condition of the
i*tt= ground tali select the approach rand departure places with nipping bask:;
- mark witi: stakes the ford ridth and most deep places.
The engine speed should to constant and not less than 1,700 r.p.m. When cross-
_an tire Seri, prevent the engine from shutting down; drive-the automobile in
prnvIding for al:tending the far bank.
tken :ratting a ford exceeding one metre in depth mechanical admixtures.
,leati, etc.) may rtnetrtte into the housings of the circulation and fuel feed
throdgh the check hales together with water and cause rear of the circuit- -
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-tion pump tertollte packing vnihcrs, wear of the'fuel feed pump picking collars as
well as aid to leakage of oil, coolant and fuel from these pumps.
To prevent this trouble, fill the check holes in the housings of the circula-
tion and fuel reed pnalps before crossing the ford with consistent lubricsnt
Igthigli!-201/Y73IA/. State Standard (PaST) 6267-59 or JIB (1-13), State Standard
(rocT) 1631-61.
After the ford has been crossed, remove the lubricant frem the cheek holes
completely.
Fordo having the depth lens than 1 m soy he crested with the cheek holes
open.
IX at crossing of the ford the automobile engine has stalled and there is a
danger that rater will penetrate into the cylinders, immediately stop the engine
and recover the automobile iron the ford with the help of a towline; this-done,
drain oil with water fren'the lubricating system and remove water from the cylin-
ders by rotating the engine crankshrfl casually in the direction of normal rota-
tion with the injectors removied. In this case, fill the engine with hot fresh Oil.
Start the engine zwia run it at halt at a service speed for 30 min with the on
temperature of at least 7000 to remove the remaining rater from the engine. At- '
tentliely emarine and listen to the engine during its operation. If no defects are
detected it is permissible to go on with driving the automobile.
In winter, right after fording the brakes should be dried for which purpose,
drive the automobile for a certain distance with the brakes slightly applied.
Drivisg. on_Ice
. . . .
Crossing a river on ice thomld be attempted only after a thorough investiga-
tion of the ice thick-2o:7-s and condition, place. of approach onto the ice and place
of departure at the far bask aa well as the depth of snow cover on the ice and.
hanks.
_at ice thicaness permissible for safe crossing is given in the Table:.
rerminrItle Thickness of-Ice in Case of Croaring rivers
Automobile load
Thickness of ice cm
single automebi:c
group of automo-
biles
1. Automobile.vithout load
35
42
2. Automobile with semitrailer:
without load
46
56
with lull load
71
84
If the ice strength is not sufficient it can be reinforced by a matting nade
of logs (girders) or planks. The matting should be nailed together by cramps,
? spikes or bound with wire, flooded with water and freezed up.
The automobile should be driven on the ice and rotting at a low speed without
jerks, turns and stepping. The distance between the automobiles at crossing ahould
be not lens than 3D m. 'afore driving on-the lee-Ell-the porconael-emeePt-Zor the
automebilo driver ahould slight, the cab doors and the hatch in the cab root
choule be epenad. .
_ .
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PrIv no on !rid cc nnd Tnilront Crooning'.
If the capacity and reliability of a bridge are net Item, halt the automobile,
inspect and if neeessary reinfo'rec the b-4dge; "--0-ang all 'he precautionary nensUreot
cross the bridge in the first gear. L11 the personnel except for the automobile
driver should alight. If the bridge cannot provide for a reliable crossing. look for
a by-pass.
Fhen troszing the railroad (at railroad crossings), drive the automobile in the
nt or second gear vitt the torque converter unlocked and taking all the precau-
nary tacesures.
. ? DrivinL of Automobile-171th Semitrailerr)
The aut,cmobile should be driven to the semitrailer foi coupling carefully at
a low speed ef.the engine.
_
Only DEB ItM mast supervise the coupling (uncoupling). The man who supervises
the cotpling,(emecapling) should be positioned so that he can simultaneously observe
:the automobile driter and the nom performing the coupling. The driver must attenti-
vely watch the signals rnde by the smn 1.10 supervises the coupling (uncoupling),
through the cab door etadon.
Atter the eZapling is over, check that the lock of the fifth-wheel ancembly
grips is reliably closed, connect the hese at the semitrailer air brake system using
for this purpose the coupling heads, open the cut-out cock setting the cock handle
in the direction of the automobile driving and take cure that the coupling is cor-
rect und reliable. Connect the autozobile aoi semitrailer electric systems by means
?of the connecting electric Rite.
tale sure that the adjusting ring on the cover of the brake valve leder cylin-
der is set in the position "P" viten toning heavily leaded semitrailers or in the
position "fl" mhen tering empty omit-callers. Tafore driving outrrun a certain dis-
tance to check spy:at:on of brakes ind reliability et coupling with the cemitrailer.
Start_from the halttLaccelerate and brake the automobile mitt the semitrailer
smoothly. Change over to the next higher gear only after the automobile train-has? ----
gained the eufficient acceleration. '
Thea tering a senitrailer, take into account that mneuverability and passe-
bility of the autozobile train is deterrihed by the passability cf a beavyreight
semitrailer but not by that of the autemolile.
Terform the turns of the automobile train at speeds ensuring ocure driving.
To uncouple the semitrailer from the automobile, carry out the operations pre-
.
scribed for coupling in the revorre order.
As a rule, the coupling (uncoupling) of the semitrailer should be performed on -
a level ground. In emergency eases the coupling (uncoupiing) in permissible with ----- _.,
misalignment ef the automobile and teatiroiler axes up to an angle of 90? in the
hOrisontal and up to 10? in the vertical planes on the condition that the con:A:gat-
ins surfaces of the fifth-nteel assembly end acmitrailer bedplate can be aligned am:.
the precautionary rr-sures are taken. .
Ifter the coupling (uncoupling) is over, inspect -the fifth-wheel assembly and -
eliminate detected deificiencies.
, ? As a rule, it is forbidden to halt the automobile train on an upgrade or down.-
. grade. In case et emergency stopping of iAo automobile train, take all the required -;
-
? ?? . ? -- ? . .
m)For peculiarities in operation of scmitrailern, see the intruotiens.en?tor---;:_
_ ? ??
a responding nenitrailors.
260
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reatures (brake the autmobile and semitrailer by t1.6 parking brakes having panted
the sprats under the rear rbecas of the astemobJle sad seritrailer, etc.) preventing
_ the antsmebile train from spontaneous nevem:at. .
Descending of the autecobile train ea a domagmedn requires particular attention
of the driver-
Mefore cretsing a ford by the automobile train it is recommended to uncruple the
?senitmailcr and to cross the ferd by the autozobile to determine the potsibilitY of
? crooning the ford by the automobile train.
VAD=Igi IT is forbidden to drive :Ste automobile train with the brake eyotem
of the automobile or semitrailer out of order. '
UOTECItnt of the automobile train In deep cud, sand or snow depends impon'the -
',notability of the semitrailer.
Sectine cf Automobile by Another Automobile
Per towing an automobile whose engine it LP the serviceable condition the use
is nada of a flexible toting line (wire rope) the quality of which should meet the ?
requirements of the safety =lea: an cases, then it is necessary to tow an nutoso- .
bile those engine is 4n the serviceable condition but the power train is out of
ordek the latter should be disengaged ire: the engine by the lcre'r
located on the overdrive gear. In the process of toting the er.Gine of the toned
automobile should be op-rating for delivery of corpressed air into the automobile
brake system and for driving the pump of the zteering system hydraulic booster.
Place the automobiles in notion only after the 217 pressure in the air systems
has reached at least I.E.!) ).f/c=2. Start cerement smoothly in the first Gear having
previconly checked the functioning of the brake system at halt, then shift is a
higher Gear it the pm:icess of driving. Shift in the Gears avoiding n charp drop
of the driving speed for which mpose, conplettly accelerate the automobile and
then quickly shift in the gear. Chamge over to a lower gear slightly reducing the
fuel feed.
In the process of toting, pre4ent :liars variation:: of the driving speed since
St any _L.nat-im slackening-of the-tire-rape and its-breakage:at A jtfk:?.9-Xe cr.aer
of the tmring automobile should watch the wise rope aal keep it olrayz tightened..
tudden stops lenevitably lead to collie= of the automobiles.
If required, the towing by a tombar with the engine of a tomedautemobile Out
of repair is permitted. In this case, it is necessary to remember that ah effort -
to be applied to the steering thee] of a toned automobile will be Greater since the
steering gear hydraulic booster does not function. ??
Atter coupling the automobiles, take a tyre inflating hose from the SITA cot
and screw off the head with the nipple. Paso the hose through the ports in brackets
of pods of the tering automobile third and fourth axles and secure it on the tosbar
at 'three points by fastening belts. then fastening the hose to the towbar, rake
the hose slacken so that its length is 1.2-1.5 tine greater than the length of the
towbar. Coil the superfluous?portien of the bete and attach it vith a belt near
the coupling head of the towing automobile (Pig.145).
? Connect one end oS the host to the air take-off cock of the towing automobile
and the other end to the toting par valve of the toyed automobile. Batas thoroughly'.
checked the hose-connection, deliver compreszed air having opened for this purpose
the valve of the air take-off cock. -
? . .
Dor towing, select a route with slight grades and nithent sharp turns. Keep,
the driving speed within the limits ensuring safe driving but not exceeding
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Tlr.. VI eV rnritrcr; rot VA-MG klicnnrsitt nt ANornt:n trrrninoux
1- scwiag vatemakit. 2? -47 I,' e...ff e.cl: 3 ? Pavia ban ? (+earning
ta towed aooliokale; 7 v- loving air valve ?
15 7.:1-1Or. Cake particulor az:a and be nore attentive rhen driving on a turn. Stop
the nutomobtle csly an a horizontal sectioz oC 'the road gradually slowing down the
vehicle. .
Yea
-- ?hac_At&abL1s2PSY2t,knalri-2tIca
luring the autemotile morecent the readings of the instruments should be as
- engine speed:
nazi:rum
ninirsz
- ter-pc:at-4re or coolpat in eylinier blocks:
recomicnLed
- engine oil cutlet'terperstire:
raconalareed
rzsianz
-- Trennare CIZIne illtricatinit system vain
_oil line
- ail yressurc in planetary gearbox t000ters
til pressure in torque converter
- tfl pressure in hpirar/ic trtmsaission.lubricat-
2,100 r.p.n.
1,400 r.p.u.
80-90?C
1050C
80-90?C
nee
6-10
6-13 4:f/cm2
3-4 kjilom2
lng system
- oil in torque converter: .
reeezzetCed
1.04.5 kEr/0=2
70-115cC
bit
40-1250C
- ail tez;erz.ture in planetary genrLox-
20-95?C
- air ;a-east:re brake system
5.65-7.35 .t/e=2
- zir pressure in tyros
4.5+0.2 kcf/em2
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TECPIIAMITIMS 0? AUT=SIIE (=ATI= X1 RIV=R
Proton:titre et' Automobile
Reliable, safe and durable operation of the automobile greatly dependc upon
the qualitative and timely preparation for winter operation.
Depending Upon the renien of the automobile service all the operations per-
taining to the preparation of the automobile for winter operation should be started
and completed before the outbreak of cold weather and the ccesonal preventive
maintenance should be carried cut as well.
When operating the automobile in winter it is neoessaty to take a number of
.mennumas ensuring the required temperature conditions of fuel, coolant and lubricat-
ing materials.
------------- -
Per recommendationc pertaining to Tilling winter grades of fuels coolant end
winter grades cf lubricants, refer to the Suction "Service Enterials".
To facilitate the filling and eterting of the engine at an air temperature
below +5?C it So recommended :to fill the engine oil tank and compressor oil pan
with oil heated to a temperature of 80-90?C.
It is necessary to cheek and obtain an appropriate specific gravity of elec-
trolyte in the rtorage batteries.
The electrolyte specific gravity in the northern tones with a tints.= ambient
air temperature of down to -40?C siOuid-be-1:29 griejobile-in-soneswrith severe
continental climate and anbient air temperature below -40?C it should be 1.31 gr/cd.
In nonce of Extreme forth and at ambient air temperatures below -350C the
warning cover should be put on thn hoods of the engine compartment end the radiator
and fuel teaks compartment.
Prier to yrrtting on hood casting cover 5 (rig.146), nese over rope 4 along
the cab top hnving previously run it through hand rails 1 and tie it to lover
hooks 2 arranged on the cab side panels.
At the front the worming cover is attached to the rope and at the remaining
pinees it A4 secured to the clomps by straps provided on the verming cover.
Automobile Oaerntion
Start and warm the engine according lo the instructions given in the Section
"Preparation of Automobile for neve:tent".
To facilitate the engine _starting each time after the operation is aver,
disengage the hydro-mechanical traa-enisilon fr6E7t-he engine by the lever located
on the overdrive gear.
If in winter the difficulty in starting the warned engine is due to the feet
that fuel is not fed into all the cylinders, fill the pump space vith 3-3.5 litres
of oil which has been previously heated to a temperature of [phone]. As a
iresult the entire pump will be turned up and the shifting of the fuel injection
,pump -control rack will be cased when the rod connected to the governor lever is
moved.
Drain oil through the drain pipeline.
If with the automobile in motion the temperature of oil in the torque corer-
ter drops below .40?C and in the planetary gearbox below +20?C it is not reconmend-
ed to lock up the torque converter with the purpose of raising the temperature
?of oil In the hydraulic
. . _
are.t n
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?
v1M)s...nenarUdiltSantrIMFIkLAcnns
Laza ran; 2 - - swporti4GLoo:.E4 - 5 - ,.sruibp tont
The temperatures of the engine coolant and oil chould be oithin the limits
specified in tle Subsection 'Checking Automobile Operation in Totion".
Vetch the condition of ntorage batteries rith particular care not allowing the
voltage to drop below 20 V by the voltammeter vith the clectric_ttarter switched
Then it is necessary to keep the parked automobile ready for immediate opera-
tion at los temperatures of eabieat sir, proceed as follows:
- park the automobile in war m premises;
- if the worm premises is not available, cover the automobile rithon tent and
earn it with hot uir supplied from a periodically or constantly operating sir
beating plant Er-27 vith the purpone to prevent the temperature in the cooling and
lubricatiog systems of the engine no well as in the hydro-mechanical transmission
and tranzicr case from dropping below +5?C.
-Train condensate from the air bottles and the roisture-and-oil separator
through the cock and from the nester brake cyliadern.through_tro_drain_plogs._The
condensate should be drained Stem the above mentioned unite if the air pressure
.
is available in the systems after arrival of the automobile to the park.
Then the automobile is parked few a continuous period of tine cutdooro,.pro-.
teed as follows:
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- pay out the vire rope =Set
tech it to the taxing rear o: stuck
autotobile 2 having braked the auto-
mobile by the parking brake (EPo
Of the foot brake is perniosible);
- engage the winch for wind-
ing and start the recovery; if the
recovery automoblle-skids, place
apprize under its wheels.residca, it
is percIsmible-to attach dthe auto-
mobile by teasof a tow line to
another braked automobile or to
another stationary ob6ect without
using the spracm in this ease.
It, when pulling the load, the
safety coupling operates.? do not
allow it to slip in excess of 2-3 sec
and immediately stop the pulling.
In this ease, pull.the load with
------- thelelp of-JP-pulley block (rigs 169,
170) forniehed with the automobile
Sc
[
tir..162.1m114,1rnnscis4wcnvcnycircnmEArrnmnrax
1?srucleutomobile:2?cromber;3...otAkirmaryobjed
11C. kis. DIA Ps k1I Mil IIECOVERY OF AUTOMOBILE BY ANOTITEll
AUTOMOBILE
1 ? recovery etutomobilej ? recovered evromobilc: 3.. spree
SPTA set, or by winches o. two automobiles.
Do not allow more than two slips of the safety coupling during one pulling
operation.
Par procedure of handling the pulley block, refer to "Operating =d Fainte-
nonce Inc:ructions o: W.3-6247i,r Semitrailors".
then -operating the winch,
observe the following ;retention
measures:
- carefully watch the pulled
load;
- do not leave the cab when
the winch is operating;
- to not allow lerke when
---pulling-the-leadi--11-Pharp increase'
of load nay cause breakage of the
wire rope;
- it is forbidden to pull the
load with the automobile In notion
as the dynamic loads which are
inevitable in this case will ?MSc
breakage of the wire rope;
- during operation of the
winch, do apt Stand near the
tightened wire rope;
- when winding the wire rope, tee that the thimble does not thrust against the
block-ot-auide-rollers as it may cause breakage of the wire rope and dealte to the
winch; _ .
- do not allow the paying-out of the wire rope after the portion of the vire
rope painted red has appeared fro= the winch or after the horn has pounded and the
pilot lamp has gone on;
? f
? 4
115. ISO. IrOli SELF-RECOVERY OF ArITIMOICI.E BY
MF.CNS ne PULLEY OLOCK AND ST kleIONk/lY onyx?.
nor/ Automobile; 2? p block; S ? wire tete; 4 AratIrmary
object
nc 120. DI 4GR1'1 FOR RCCOVElli OF 41.7TOMORILE DY MEANS
OF PFLLEY BLACK
1 ? newer!. Automobile: 2 ? policy bloelt veir)1 small mile sermon&
3 ? wire rope; 4 ? terovend ratoroobile
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a. CD tot allow fornstien of loops then unvinding or vitding the tire rope.
Irevontive_noletetence of Timzh
Moutine inspection before operation of the winch:
- check fastening of the ritch to the cab:rate and automobile tram.
Doily preventive naintenapee (to be carried cut in cose of the winch opert-
ton):
- cheek the condition ot the winch;
e- clean the winch vire rope of dirt and wash the wire rope cleaner. .
The lubricant in the winch units ahou)d be changed nccording to the winch
Imbrication Thamt depetding upon the number ot pullinn operations performed but not
leas than ?nee a Year.
Adjustnant of ninth Lenbencns_
Aeactrent of Safety covp2.145.,
In the process of the rinch operetion the eatety coupling sprits gets Teats.--
ed due to which the winch tail& to develop the required pulling effort (15 t). To
restore the rated pulling effort the winch safety coupling ehould be subjected to
adjuettent for which purpeae,proceed as followut_
- reliably stop the automobile (place the sprage under the wheelo or attach
the automobile with the help of a tor line to an anchor or nny other stationary
object);
-pay eut the wire rope.for a length of 5-6 m and hook it to any object
thatraz,t dynamometer;
- remove the safety wire end turn out locking parer 8 (Fig.181) of ndjusting
rat '7;
- gradually rotating :adjusting tut 7, obtain-thezee:aired pulling effort on
the wire rope registered by the dytzmoneter. The nulling effort on the wire rope
is chucked by the dytemometer rith the winch cogeged for pulling.
nen performing the nboye oporationo, be careful elden selecting an object for'
attaching the vire rope as rell as then adjusting the eatety coapling.
Adjustment of the safety coupling should be performed with the cinch put out ...
od cperation and with the wire rope elschened.
tett: noittion of the edjuatite tot elocktine increases end counter-den:k-
id:le reduces the effort Cn the wire rope (to be viewed on the tide of
the safety conpling). Liter adjustment essemble the couplitg in the
reverse order end make sure the adjusting nut pin enters the shaft
groove.
40,urtm"'t of Wire noic.11114 . inyllmVvY122.
70 Obtain the correct laying of the wire rope on the winch drum it is neces-
sary to adjust the wire rope level winding device for which purpooe,proceed an
Valor-
- unwind wire rope 7 (Fig.158) from winch drum 11;
- remove wire rope pay-out limit electric indicator 10;
- remove the idle gear ot the tire rope level winding device drive;
- rotatine the serer of wire rope level winding device 12, set the fork ot
the wire rope 'level winding device in the extreme right-hand position. In this ease,
the wire rope Sitting ;lace in drum 11 should be at the extreme top point;
310 ?
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--reinstall the idle gear with drum 11 held in the above position. it is
permissible to tarn the gear in either ride to provide for leeching of the gears;
- rind the vire rope ea vinch drum 11;
- adjust vire rope pay-out limit electric indicator 10 as instructed below.
Adjustment?ot ro.--cut Limit Electris Indivator
To AdJunt the r'-out limit electric indicator (rig.165), proceed as follows:
- rotating adjusting screw 4 by plit\2 clockwise, set nut 1 into the extreme
position; -
- rotating rdjustitg scree 4 by pip 2 coneter-elockelve, obtain the cutting-in
of 'button switch 9 (a click is heard). notating sCrev 4 further, obtain (niter
2.75-0.5 of a turn) the cutting-in of second button switch 7 (a click is also heard).
If button switch 7 is cut in not atter 1.75-0.5 of a turn of screw 4,earry
out the nail:rt....ants ice which purpone, proceed as follows: '-
- remove the-cover of the pay-out limit electric indicator;
- hmving Inosened screws 6, carry out the adjustment by shifting switch 9 or 7;
- reinstall the cover.
To instnll the pay-out limit electric indicator on the winch, proceed as
Zellers:
- pay out the vire rope Prom the winch drum so that 4-4 tarns of the vire rope
are left on the drum;
- cat put 1 6 es to obtain the cutting-in of button evitch 9. install the pay-
out limit electric indicator in such a position on the bracket of the vire rope
level winding device so that pin 2 enters tLe CTODVOS on the level tinting devioe
screw end secure it.
Connect the tires. .
Vote. Letter v2.1_stending for-E0-.01-1s-ear3,el ;WKr the lend of button snitch
letter 1121, standing for rIIOT 1.412 la marked' near the lead of
button nvd.tch 7.
- wind 10-15 turns of the wire rope on the drum and pay it out. 'Chen the
born sounds (stitch '9 is cut in) there should by 4-7 turns of the -vire rope left on
the drum; when the pilot lamp lights op (snitch 7 is cut in) there should be 2.5-4
turn? of the vire rope left of the drain.
Atter adjustment of the pay-out limit electric indicator, wind the vire rope
completely.
Storer ot Vinch.
The pinch nheuld be put in storage when performing operations pertaining to
preparation of the automobile for a long-term storage., ?
To put the Pinch in storage, check the level of oil in the cinch reduction
scars tad top up, if necessary. . . -
Unwind the vire rope from the cinch drum. Clean the tiro rope level eluding
device of dust end dirt, lubricate the winch parts phich have no protective coat-
Lubricate the gears and grooves of the traction-r011ers with oSl,grade
Sags with universal =edit:xi-melting lubricant.
?
Clean the vire rope of dirt and lubricate with the engine vastri5TrUbert?Crinding?li
on the tun.. .
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zmublee sad Loretto? cf rirlh
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Trouble
Cause
Remedy
1
2
3
ttncla fails to develop
Esfety coupling spring
AdJust estcty ompllog and
sated pulling effort
yeakensd .
look nuts. tffort on the wire
rope should be 15+0.5 t (to be
ohmked by dynamometer)
Fire rope fails to be
1. tire pay-out port
1. Clem port
paid out without load
clogged
.
2. Insufficient
2. Tighten pressure roller
pressure of pressure
spring to a size not lees than
'
rollersa
cm
Then portion of vire) ?
lay-out llalt indica-
Adjust pay-cut limit
rste painted red appeara
h;ar. and red pilot lamp
tor is out of adjustment
indlcator .
Sall to operate
then Elam is engaged
1. Ratchet paml spring
1. Replace opting
for paying out, vire
broken
rope collecting drum
2. Insufficient tor-
. 2. Increase friction
rotatcs spontaneously
que of friction clutch
clutch torque by means of
and wire rope has no
adjusting nuts having pre-
tension betsem drum
vioutly removed the cover
and traction rollers
?
.
tire rept laying -
1. tire rope level ?
? 1. Adjust tire rope level
-M711rm-divtarbed- ?
Eli:ding device is cut
rindirg device
of adjusttent- :-----
2. tiro rope level
2. Dicassemble tire rape
?
winding device in out
level rinding device Mel .
o: repair
eliminate the trouble
then rimh is mgeged
Insufficient torque
Adjust drur friction
ter pulling,collecting
of drun friction . .
clutch --
drum.fails to rotate
clutch
Mile:traction rollern
revolve
? AU2SillR RA3-537A
The 1213-537A automobile differs :roc the basic model 1tA3-53?
fifthp-mheel assembly End in availability of the body and ?inch.
?
in lack of the'
rag.7.
The all-natal welded body has a hinged tail gate. The body floor is provided
with Latches for /access to the transmission and winch assemblies. At the rear the
body floor has a depressicn (bay). The body is attached to the frame by =ems of
bracket?, bolts, nuts and springs. The springs are installed on.the front bolts.
332
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e
'Mesh
TuLpose and general Design of timo:i
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The winch is designed for use in the following canes::
- recovery of stock automobiles, tractors and trailers;
- hauling in of trailers on a steep upgrade then the automobile train tails to
negotiate an upgrade;
- conveying n trailer over the bridge if the bridge capasitr does not allow
sinultaneous passing of the automobile train;
- hauling the trailer then a ford cannot be negotiated by the automobile train.
The with is equipped with a wire rope having the working par-out length of
200 11.
2UmdUmus pulling effort is 15 t. ?
. The vinch (Dig.171) is arranged under the body at the rear part of the automo-
bile cad is mounted on the rocker axle and special cross comber.
The winch is driven from the poter take off unit through cardsa shaft 3.
The winch (Fig.172) consists of trona 4, reduction gear 5, traction rollers I
and 3, witah drum 9$ mire rope level windimg device 7, pay-out limit electric indica-
tor 8-and block of guide rollers 5 (21g.171). The winch welded frame serves for
-connection of all the winch assemblies.
The 'cinch reduction pear is designed to rease the torque trancnitted from
the porer take-off unfit to the traction rollers, to automatically brake the ,ire
rope sad to limit the winch pulling effort.
The ruin units of the winch reduction gear (Dig:173) are re follows: safety
coapling, autosatic brake, planetarr gear and oil pump.
The nalcty coupling autosatically disengages the winch then the effort on the
wire rope exceeds the permissible value thus protecting the rinch parts from over-
_
The safety couiding-ir-txtembled in a'separate casing anttattaebed to the .
reduction gear. The safety coupling consists of the following aaih parts; easing 18,
.drivingtalf-coupling 3 and driven half-coupling 4, spring 2, case with ballo 18,
driving gear 5 and adjusting nut 1.
then the wire rope is under an effort exceeding the permissible value the
driving half-coupling starts to slip relative to the driven half-coupling due to
which the winch will be disennaged from the drive. Disengagement of the safety
. coupling in accospanied by peculiar clicks Nhich imuni the driver that the effort
on the vire rope exceeds the perrissible value.,
Then the effort on the wire rope is reduced to normal this coupling rill cut
into operation automatically.
The coupling is adjusted with the help of nut 1 by changing the degree of the
spring compression.
The cutematic brake is used/or stopping the load when the kinematic circuit
from the engine to the reduction gear is disconnected as tell as for br-ing the
load when it Is lowered on a grade. The brake operates automatically without
participation of the driver.
The planetary gear consists of sun gear 13, carrier 7, three planet pinions ,
6 and epics-clic gear 9 and is designed for increasing the torque transmitted from
the engine to the traction rollers.
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810. 171. VINCII INSTALLATION
1 -suirehobit.aartais; 2 -automobile body; 3_- winch carte shaft; 4- sloth; 5-. Mock of pii4e rollers
9
- - 314
?
ft
10
I
"r"
nc. 172. WINCH
1. 3 - traction ni.lerr; 2 - ask raf traction rollers; 4 - with frame; 5- reduction gear; 6 pay-out limit electric
indicator; 7 - wire N..? I winding deice; 8 - dram friction clutch; 9- %inch dram: 10 - drum drive gear;
1.2 - driving rat of traction rollers
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c crmr?
fl-
rf,..;77/.7.1.
-raa,
; e 4-???
e,
LI}
,HcILA,"
' ? i;4;?(/
CPC-RFT
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Ctra 12 of the nil pump drive is installed Cu the can gear splines. The toreue
is tratsritted to the traction rollers through shaft 8 coupled pith the terrier by .
splines. The ell pump serves for delivery of oil to the automatic brake And safety
totplitg.
traction rifler,: a end 3 (T1g.172). hs to the purpose end design they are
idetticul with traction rollers of the 111.3.5371? automobile A:inch wad are deesorib-
ed above.
titch dram. The purpose and design of the drum are identical with l':'.hose of the
rime:. drum used on the mo-537r automobile. The difference consists in tht feet
that the drum Is arranged behind the traction rollers and is driven by these oilers
thrOngh gear 10 (rig. 172).
itch vire rare. the compotent parts of tho sire rope are completely similar N,
to those of the mire rope used on the. Ra3-5378 nutotobile. The difference consistsN.,
In the fact that the :nimble of the mA3-557a automobile wire rope is attached
on the right side of the automobile rear cross meMber.
. vire rote level rindinr device, pr.-out unit electric indicator end block
or guide rollers. the purpose, design &nig description of the above assemblies are
above it appro-viate subsections.
Operation, preventive rcittenance and adjustrent of the vineb mechanisms.
- tperatiot, preventive maihtenance ad adjustment of the winch rechdrisms are
!" _cal with those of the winch used on the RA3-5378 automobile and are deser1b-.
ad Above.
r ?
Zubricmtier. of_rXtch Units_
Tor lutrIvvrisi prints, grades of used lubricants, terms and procedure of per-.
ft:emit& the lubricating operations, refer to the lubrication Chart having excluded
the ltems pertainimg to lubrication of -the winch drive reduction gear end toothed
scullitg. ------------
fterare,_troobles tnd Renedies_o? Pikch
lnstructicts.co storage, list of possible troubles, their causes and remedies
Are descriled "above in eppropriate subsections. ?
?
StITC=OBILZ R&3-5378
:he him:a-5372 automobile differs 5foa the basic model PA3-597 in availability
of a generator platt with a:rating at& regulating equipment itotalled behind the
engine compartment.
The generator plant consists nt AIR: 81-4 synchronous, three-phase, A.C.
generator with an exciter, starting an regulating equipment mounted in II separate
electric cabinet, drive reduction gen , platform and a shroud. The generator is
driven from the gover take-off =It b Meats of a cardan shmft.
A detailed descriptien of desib and operating rules of the generator is
- presented in the istimietence and ope ating instruations of nc 93-4 synchronous three-
phase generator.
SIG
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(
CcrI,C7
pi-flair 1
ITEMS, STCSTAGE LSD APPIICATIC2
OF AUTOnTILE IrliviDuLL SPTA nzm
lath Automobile is furnished vith an individual net of spare parte, driver's
tools and accessories (SPT). set) whiCh is necessary for eervieing the automobile
in operation and for performing all basic addustnents. on reel's-miens end units of
the automobile. .
The STU set La intended for use en route and in a garage (at parking) to
perform the preventive meirtemince operations and minor repairs of the automobile.
As to the spare parts included in the irdivIduel ETTA set, it should be mentioned
that they are intended for use during the guaranteed service period of the auto-
tablle; expenditure of the spare paste should be registered it 4 specisl document.
Totes: 1. In a fifth-vhael automobile tractor a part of the carried-on SPTA
set nay be stored rea the temitrailer. In this case, the delivery
sheet is ?ttinithed mith a diegram shoring the areneement of this
part of the SPTA net.
2. Some ports of the en-vehecle :ZIA set upon expenditure are replenish-
ed from the son-carried SII:A set.
Places for stotage and fastening of parts from the on-vehicle SPTA set aro
specified In the SPTA net delivery list under the headline "Ca-Vehicle Set of Tools
and Spare Parts" in the column "Storage Place".
Then the automobile is shipped to the Customer the on-vehicle SPA set is pace,
vith the purpose to ensure its safety, into a wooden box of the on-vehicle
ST= set.
Upon acceptance the Cuctomer store the ca-vehicle ETTA sat on the automobile
according to instructions given in the de:ivery list.
SOME parts from the SPTA set as, for exmzple, apregs, ter line, spare wheel,
pulley bleak, Etc. having considerable dimentioos ere-inet-pefred-intd-d-Tox but i're7-7 _
shipped tit/lout package together tith the automobile according to special instrue-
?
tient. ?
The non-carried 'OTT/, set is appended to each automobile end in considered to
be its inseparable outfit. This set is stored in a garage (et parking) and serves
as a supplement to the on-vehicle STTA set during provettiVe malatenaMee and
minor repairs of the automobile.
2t is forbidden to disintegrate the non-carried UPTL set and to use it for
other purposes. .
The method of packing of some parts from the SP= set is specified in the
delivery list under the headline ":en-Carried Set of Tools and Spare Parts* in
column "Stowage Place'. All parts of the non-carried SPTA set are stored by the
Customer at his mill.
Chen the automobile is shipped to the Customer the non-carried SPTA cot is
packed in a sooden box of the non-carried SPTA net.
Tote: The STTA set of the engine eawutacterine Plant in its part pertaining .
to the non-carried set is delivered in a package of the engine laanufac-
taring Plant.
Wooden boxes of the ion-carried eneon-vehiele SPTA sets are provided only
%for their transportation but not for the stowage of seta.
Upon acceptance of-the.SPTA !at the Customer trill.chech the availability
?f ill its Parts against the delivery list appended to the nutonobilc.
Each part--
of the ST2A set is marked according to the instructions given incolumns 4 and 5.
Then, the condition of the SloTA set is checked and, if necessary, the ret is
repacked or renlushed (for non-carried tpTA Act).
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cn
X
CO
rn
?4
Imbriration (hnrt of Units mad Asseubliec nal Used
GrsAes nt Oils and Lubricants
Need grade of oil
(lubricant)
Application
Number
During
preventive
maintenence
No.1
During
preventive
maintenance
No.2
Ingtructions on
lubrication
rig, to.
Deacription of
lubricating point
of
ltbri?
eating
points
en
auto-
mobile
1
2
1
4
5
6
,7
I. on MT-16n
140a
tngine ell tank
I
Check level
Change
The leVel ghould be up to the
Stnte Standard .
. _
nark fl on the ell dipstick
[roci) 6350-53 or
rti nn 27-62 and
149b
Compreccor crank?
1
.Snme
Same
The level should be up to the
STY 449-55
'
,C1M3V
.upper nark en the dil dipatick
.
(with the plug unacreved)
Oil UT-14nx)
Stnte'Standard
1490
Overdrive gear
'houoing
1
Same .
Change")
The level ;should be up to the
mark an the oil dipstick
(ram.) 6360-58 is
used In Arctic
rogionu rad at nm?
bIent air toepsra?
turc Dolce ?25 C
-
?
/netted of oill;T-16n
149.3
149e
Transfer. case
rower take?off
helloing
1
1
Sane
Same
Chengexx)
Chancel x)
The level gbould be up to the
lower edge of the level hole
The level should be up to the
lower edge of the level hole
149f
1Ieueingmof axle
4
Demo
Changc/a)
The level should be;
?
i
intermediate and
final reduction
unit,
(a) In final reduction unite ?
up to the lover edge of the filler
hole;
(b) in intermediate reduction
unite ... up to the lower edge of
the level hole
N.) N.)
01 01
CD
QT)
(.777
(777
=P7
co
LL./6O/CLOZ a
0
esc
2
3
4
5
6
7
149g
Wheel-hub drive bussing
i
8
Cheek le'vel
.
Chmegen.,
The level.. sheuld be up to the
hole tower edge with the outer
carrier eover removed
149h
noosing of front re-
Sere
Change")
, . The level should be up to the
'
duetion gear of ran,
drive
'
the loser edge of the level hale
:4:11
Mousing of rear re-
duetion gcnr of fano
drive .
2
Sane
Change")
The level should be Up to the
loner edge of the level hole
1.49j
Pear euopension rocker
name
Cheek level
The level should be up to the
.lower edge of the level hole
149k
Cody of pump variable-
opeed governor
1
Soma
gorse
.
The level chould be up to the
loner edge of the level hole.
II. Mixture, eon-
150s
nydraulie transmits-
1
Cheek level
Change; .
The level nhould be up to the
taining:
-lox of ppindle oil AT,
State Standard (rocT)
1642-32;
-30 of oil Mt-16n
nion tank
1-2 min
niter flop-
ping of
engine
when ohang-
ing, drnin
oil from
planetary
gearbox,
torque con-
verter and
tenk
lower edge of the upper level boli
.
'
.
150b
Steering gear wise
1
Cheek level
Change
The level should be up to the
lower edge of the filler'hole
' /II. Spindle oil 47,151
Tank of steering
I
Cheek level
Changexx )
The level should be up to tho
nate Standard (rOCT)
1642-52. At z tem-
eystem hydroulio
booster
upper nark on-the oil dipatisk
:erature of am-
dent sir below
'35?C oll (Stil),
tmte Standard (roar)
1
005-51 ds used in-
tend o: settillo
to'
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Lourainin I ? (nag Ante from ttellCii,D gen
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speed govertor: I cheek hole closed with
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411
2
3
4 5
6
7
IV. Automobile
transminsion cil.
State Stnndard (roc?)
3701-53 (oubstitute
automotive tranemie-
sion oil, Bummer,
and winter grndcs,
State Standard (root)
542-50
V. Automobile
lubricant AM (for pro-
peller shafts),
State Standard (rOGT)
5730-51
VI. lubricant TT3
(1-13). State Stan-
dard (rocT)
1631-61 (substitute
of lubricant .
In lubricant (k-130),
152a
/52b
153a
153b
183
154b
Universal joint of
propeller shafts of
drive to hydraulic
transmission, trans-
fer cane and inter- ?
mediate rind final
reduction units of
driving axles
Universal joint of
wheel-hub drive pro-
peller shaft and
fans drive cardan
shaft
Constant-velocity
universal joint
Bearings of steer-
ing knuckle, king
pins
Fan hub t
1.
Fan belt temelonor
11
24
4
2
Porte until fresh lubricant
nppeare fron the eafctyvelvo
Same
'Fill the lubricant hosted to
liquid state up to the lower Tdge
of the filler check hole
Force until fresh lubricant t
appears from the safety valve: in
steering assemblies not provided
with safety valve, force until fetch
lubricant appears?from?clearancos
between oil Seal and atcering
knuckle pin
Force until fresh lubricant
appears from the check bolo
Forcer with a hand-operated grease
gun until reeietance to felt
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/09/17 :
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OIL AY eLNI1 ri VCR C.F.N1 16,ra
? - hydraulic veciteroestr? tool; I - oterrint gear toot: I - level hole closed with Plot,
2- dtaii tole fleeted with Flea
gl
b
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? - vend-ail-Inuit-of prooellerebef? It - %It:el-W.4"in nitcruel-
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-
? .
Fir.. 133 ?
?- ..... Dew velocity tiziewtwel joist; h oteeriaoItisctle Link pio bessints
SECRET
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/09/17
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ft
5
6
7
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8TY (548). In Arctic
regions lubricant
154o
Compressor belt ter?
stoner ;
A
4
+
Force until freoh lubricant an?
pears from the check hole
IIILII8-201
State Standard (mi)
154d
Toothed connectien
of second axle drive
1
4
Same .
?
.
6267-59 In used in-
'
propeller shaft
.
stand of lie:etc:int
154c
Intermediatc support
1
+
+
Force until fresh lubricant
YTS (1-15)
;
of second serle drive-
propeller shaft
appears from the hole for cafety
valve (during lubrication the
'
safety valve Should be uneercnod)
154f
Inner bearing of
sheet hub
S
?
4.ZS
Lubricate with the nut of the
wheal hub bcnringo tightened.
Force. until fresh lubricant ap?
pears from the chock hole '
VI/. Lubricant YC,
State t:indeed (FOCT)
103e-51 (oubetitute -
lubricant 7Co
155a
Tlenring of shaft of
steering linkage
levers
2
I
+
+
Unaoros the plug and fares
until fresh lubricant appears
from the ping hole; this dons .
cores in the plug
State Standard (FOOT)
4366-56). In Arctic
155b
near/ego of pendu?
jun arm shaft
2
+
Force until frcoh lubricant
appears fron the clear:macs
region:: lubricant
IICAFCM-201,
State Standard
(rocr) 6267-59 IS
used instead of
lubriernt YC ?
1550
2554
Joints of steering
tic rods
Joints of otocring
drag links and rod of
the oteering uyotem.
hydraulic booster
12
5
+
+
+
+
' Same
Same
.
155e
moll pin of the pit-
man arm alcove
1
+
+
Somc.
.
155f
Slip yoke of the in?
ternediato mud final .
+
4
Force until fresh lubricant
appears from the olcarcnoes
reduction units drive'
propeller chart ?
N3
01 01
,;
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/09/17: CIA-RDP09-01333R000100630001-4 25X1
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oak Anse reptile, al aft; e ? lute-mediate aupport ol "stood salt Ann propeller shalt; I ?.date!
tub inter leariag;
SECRET .
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/09/17: CIA-RDP09-01333R000100630001-4
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CD
co
co
co
1
_ 2
1
4
5
6.
7-
?
15?
Slip.yoko of wheel
drive propeller shaft
0
+
+
. Force until froth lubrionot
appears from tho clear:roes
155h
Molting of tuopension
32
r
+
;isms .
arms bracket located
at frame
1551
Pushing of otering
16
+
+
Dome? ?
knuckle support Ritmo
1551
Dsohing of rent sus-
pnnsion cupport arms
.
16
Snthe
.
?
. 155k
thsohing of rocker pad
4
+
Dame .
box noir
?
1551
fuohing of chock nb-
2
+
+
-
lorber axle
155m
fluching of hand brake
lever pin
+
,Snme ?
155n
Duching of tonnd brake
control (litaxatse in-
1
+
+
. Same
tormedittte lever pin
1550
Dushingiof pin of
1
+
? +
Soma
hand brake control
linkngoilotormedinte
lever and planetary
1 ?
goarboxi ?
?
155p
Bushing of hand broke
2
+
Game
control( linkage reor
/ever ;tin
?
255r
Duckling of planettrY
genrbo! control
links; vertieal
I
, Some
chnft ioonted on .
steering column
?
MN)
cn cn
>< ><
o
CD
0
-e
co
a
5'
lo
W
alp. I
0 I
13
CDa
co
CD
CD
0
co
0
co
0
0
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0
co
e
J
(63
c73
0.
0
0
0
co
0
0
0
1
P
3
5
6
7
?
.155n
Docking of elnne-?
tory gearbox control
t
+
4' .
? Force until fresh lubricant
appetite from the clear/moos
?
?
155t
linkoge intercediato
lever pin
Vrrtien1 shaft of
planetary gearbox
control linkage .
I
a
+
,
Came .
r
155u
Shaft of power take-
off unit intornedinte:
3.
*
+?

linkoge
?
155v
numbing of power tako-
off unit control rear
bracket ohnft
1
+
Snme
.?
. 155w
Cushing of poser tnke-
off control bracket
ohnft
1
+
+
Came .
155x
Splined oonnectiono of
+
Force until fresh lubricant
?
internale pronclier
abaft? and propeller
obaft of rem-Li-mice ?
drive
neecnre from the holes in plugs
?
156
Support of fifth-wheel
axle ?
2
Some
: 156
.
Support of lifth-whcol
2
p
+
Same
rocker axle
.
156
Pin of fifth-wheel '
=comely grip
Same. . .
appears from tho holes- in plugs
156
Bearing ourfone of .
?
fifth-rheeltercel
+
With the semitrailer ooupled,
until frcsh lobricont .
sencoro from tho clean:con
taL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/09/17: CIA-RDP09-01333R0010100630001-4
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