CONVENTION CONCERNING THE REGIME OF THE STRAITS.

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386
CONVENTION sur le regime des Dctroits. Signee A Montreux,*.,
20 juillet 1936.
No. 449
CONVENTION concerning the Regime of the Straits. Signed at
Montreux, July 20, 1936.
EDITOR'S NOTE. A convention on the regime of the Straits, signed at Lausanne, July 24,
1923 (No. 95, ante), was brought into force on August 6, 1924. In.1936, the Turkish Gov
ernment, acting through the Secretary General of the League of Nations, invited the parties
to the 1923 convention to consider its revision. A conference, held at Montreux June 22 to
July 20, 1936, resulted in the signature of this convention which replaces the 1923 convention.
On August 15, 1936, the Turkish Government began to apply the regime provisionally
(League of Nations Official Journal, 1936, p. 931; idem, 1937, p. 663); and on the same date
the Straits Commission created by the 1923 convention suspended its work.
RATIFICATIONS. Following the deposit. of ratifications by all of the signatories except
Japan, the proccs-verbal envisaged by Article 26 was drawn up at Paris on November 9, 1936; the ratification by Japan was deposited on April 19, 1937. Italy acceded to the convention
(with reservations) on May 2, 1938.
BIBLIOGRAPHY. The text of this convention is also published in 173 League of Nations
Treaty Series, p. 213; 34 Martens, N.R.G. (3d ser.), p. 649. See also A ctes de la Conference de
Montreux concernant le regime des Dctroits, 22 join-20 juillet x936.
J. Abrcvoya, La Conference de Montreux et le regime des Dctroits (Paris, 1937) ; G. Ambrosini,
It regime degli stretti (1936); A. Blondel, "La Conference de Montreux at le nouveau regime
des Dctroits," 35 Rev. de dr. mar. comp. (1937), PP. 46-64, 36 idern (1937), pp. 18-39; F.
Braun, "La Convention de Montreux et ses difficultes d'application," 5 Nouvelle revue de
droit international prive (1938), pp. 287-99; F. Cataluccio, La questione degli stretli (1936); C.
Colliard, "La Convention de Montreux," 18 Rev. de dr. int. (1936), pp. 121-52; G.F., "The
Straits Convention of Montreux," 18 British Year Book of International Law (1937), pp.
186-91; G. Herrmann, Die Dardanellen (1936); H. Herz, "Das Meerengenstatut von Mon-
treux," 37 Friedenswarle (1937), pp. 126-144; H. P. Kirkpatrick, The Montreux Straits
Convention (1936); Lubenoff, "Die Neuregelung der Meerengenfrage," 6 Zeitschrift far
ausldndisches offentliches Recht and Volkerrecht (1936), PP. 723-39; D. A. Routh, "The Mon-
treux Convention regarding the Regime of the Black Sea Straits," Survey of International
Affairs (1936), PP. 584-651; J. Suche,- Der Meerengenvertrag von Montreux (Munich and
Leipzig, 1936), 73 pp.; M. Toscano, La conferenca di Montreux e la nuova convenzione degli
stretli (Milano, 1938), 228 pp.; F. de Visscher, "La nouvelle convention des Dctroits," 18
Rev. de dr. int. et de leg. comp. (1937), pp: 669 18; G. D: ?Warsamy,-La.Convention des Delroits,
Montreux, 1936 (Paris, 1937), 159 PP.
INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION
No. 449
Entered into force November 9, 1936.` ___
Text and translation from-Br'. Parl. Papers, Cmd. 5249.
(Translation]
--.--.His Majesty the King of the Sa Majesty le Roi des Bulgares, le
Bulgarians, the President of the -Pr6sident de la R6publique francaise,
French Republic, His Majesty the_Sa_Majest6_le_Roide_Grande------ -
King of Great Britain,-Ireland-end-Brefagne, d'Irlande et des Territoires
the British- Dominions beyond the britanniques au dela des mers,
I Registered with the Secretariat of the League of Nations, No. 4ot5, December I1,1936.
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387
Seas, Emperor of India, His Majesty
the King of the Hellenes, His Maj-
esty the Emperor of Japan, His
Majesty the King of Roumania, the
President of the Turkish Republic,
the Central Executive Committee of
the Union of Soviet Socialist Repub-
lics, and His Majesty the King of
Yugoslavia;
Desiring to regulate transit and
navigation in the Straits of the
Dardanelles, the Sea of Marmora
and the Bosphorus comprised under
the general term "Straits" in such
manner as to safeguard, within the
framework of Turkish security and
of the security, in the Black Sea, of
the riparian States, the principle
enshrined in article 23 of the Treaty
of Peace signed at Lausanne on the
24th July, 1923;
Have resolved to replace by the
present Convention the Convention
signed at Lausanne on the 24th
July, 1923, and have appointed as
their plenipotentiaries:'
His Majesty the King of the
Bulgarians: Nicolas P. Nicolaev,
Pierre Neicov;
The President of the French
Republic: Paul-Boncour, Henri Pon-
sot;
His Majesty the King of Great
Britain, Ireland and the British
Dominions beyond the Seas, Em-
peror of India:
For Great Britain and Northern
Ireland and all parts of the British
Empire which are not Separate
\lembers of the League of Nations:
l.ond Stanley;
For the Commonwealth of Aus-
tralia: Stanley Melbourne Bruce;
His Majesty the King of the
Ilellenes: Nicolas Politis, Raoul Bib-
ica Rosetti;
His Majesty the Emperor of
span: Naotake Sato, Massa-aki
Hotta;
His Majesty the King of Rou-
mania: Nicolas Titulesco, Constan-
tin Contzesco, Vespasien Pella;
Empereur des Indes, Sa MajestC le
Roi des Hellenes, Sa MajestC 1'Em-
pereur du Japon, Sa MajestC le Roi
de Roumanie,.le Presi_dent_de_la_R6=
publique turque, le ComitC central
exCcutif de I'Union des RCpubliques
soviCtiques socialistes et Sa MajestC
le Roi de Yougoslavie;
AnimCs du dCsir de regler le pas-
sage et la navigation dans le detroit
des Dardanelles, la Mer de Marmara
et le Bosphore, compris sous la de-
nomination generale de "Detroits,"
de maniere A sauvegarder, dans le
cadre de la securitC de la Turquie et
de la securitC, dans la Mer Noire, des
Etats riverains, le principe consacr6
par 1'article 23 du Traite de Paix
signC A Lausanne, le 24 juillet 1923;
Ont resolu de substituer la pre-
sente Convention A la Convention
signee A Lausanne le 24 juillet 1923
et ont design6 pour leurs plenipo-
tentiaires, savoir:'
Sa MajestC le Roi des Bulgares:
Nicolas P. Nicolaev, Pierre Neicov;
Le President de la Republique
frangaise: Paul-Boncour, Henri Pon-
sot;
Sa MajestC le Roi de Grande-
Bretagne, d'Irlande et des Territoires
britanniques au dela des mers,
Empereur des Indes:
Pour la Grande-Bretagne et l'Ir-
lande du Nord et toutes les parties,
de 1'Empire britannique qui ne sont
pas individuellement Membres de la
Societe des Nations: Lord Stanley;
Pour le Commonwealth d'Australie:
Stanley Melbourne Bruce;
Sa MajestC le Roi des Hellenes:
Nicolas Politis, Raoul Bibica Rosetti;
Sa MajestC 1'Empereur du Japon:
Naotake Sato, Masa-aki Hotta;
Sa MajestC le Roi de Roumanie:
Nicolas Titulesco, Constantin Cont-
zesco, Vespasien Pella;
I The titles of plenipotentiaries are omitted.-ED.
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 388
No. 449
Le President de la Republique
turque: Ru?ti Aras, Suad Davas,
Numan Menemencioglu,.Asim_Giln-.
auz;NNecmeddin Sadak;
Le Comite central executif de
l'Union des Republiques sovietiques
socialistes: Maxime Litvinoff;
Sa Majeste le Roi de Yougoslavie:
Ivan Soubbotitch.
Who, after having exhibited their Lesquels,.apres avoir exhibe leurs
full powers, found in good and due pleins pouvoirs, reconnus en bonne
form, have agreed on the following e- due-forme,-soot convenus des
provisions: dispositions suivantes ---
Article i. The High Contracting Article z. Les Hautes Parties
Parties recognise and 'affirm the contractantes reconnaissent et affir-
principle of freedom of transit and ment le principe de la liberte de
navigation by sea in the Straits. __passage et -de navigation par mer
dans les Detroits.
The exercise of this freedom shall L'usage de ladite liberte est dore-
henceforth be regulated by the pro- navant regle par les dispositions de.
visions of the present Convention. la presente Convention.
INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION
The President of the Turkish Re-
public: Rii?tii Aras, Suad Davaz,
Numan Menemengio'lu, Asim Giin-
diiz, Necmeddin Sadak;._--- =
The Centrai-Executive Committee
of the Union of Soviet Socialist Re-
publics: Maxime Litvinoff;
His Majesty the King of Yugo-
slavia: Ivan Soubbotitch.
SECTION I SECTION I
MERCHANT VESSELS
Art. 2. In time of' peace, mer-
chant vessels shall enjoy complete
freedom of transit and navigation in
the Straits, by day and by night,
under any flag and with any kind of
cargo, without any formalities, ex-
cept as'provided in article 3 below.
'No taxes or charges other than
those authorised by Annex I to the
present Convention shall be levied
by the Turkish authorities on these
vessels when passing in transit with-
out calling at a port in the Straits.
In order to facilitate the collection
of these taxes or charges merchant
vessels passing through the Straits
shall communicate to the officials
at the stations referred to in article
3 their name, nationality, tonnage,
destination- and--lastt-port of call
(provenance).
NAVIRES DE COMMERCE
Art. 2. En temps de paix, les
navires de commerce jouiront de la
complete liberte de passage et de
navigation dans les Detroits, de jour
et de nuit, quels que soient le pavilion
et le chargement, sans aucune for-
malite, sous reserve des dispositions
de Particle 3 ci-aprc s. Aucune taxe
ou charge autres que celles dont la
erception est prevue par l'annexe
p
I a la presente Convention ne sera
prelevee par les autorites turques
sur ces navires lorsqu'ils passeront
en transit sans faire escale dans un
port des Detroits.
Afin de faciliter la perception de
ces taxes ou charges, les navires de
commerce qui ' franchiront les De-
troits feront connaitre aux agents du
poste vise a Particle 3 leurs nom,
nationalite, tonnage, destination et
provenance.
Pilotage and towage remain op- Le pilotage et
tional.. =----- ent-facultatifs.----_____..__ __.
Art. 3. All ships entering the Art. 3. Tout navire qui peni tre
Straits by the' , Egean Sea or by the dans les Detroits par la Mer Egee ou
Black Sea shall stop at a sanitary par la Mer Noire s'arretera a un poste
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July 20, 1936
station near the entrance to the
Straits for the purposes of the
sanitary control prescribed by Turk-
ish law within the framework of
international sanitary regulations.
This control, in the case of ships
possessing a clean bill of health or
presenting a declaration of health
testifying that they do not fall
within the scope of the provisions of
the second paragraph of the present
article, shall be carried out by day
and by night with all possible speed,
and the vessels in question shall not
be required to make any other stop
during their passage through the
Straits.
Vessels which have on board cases
of plague, cholera, yellow fever, ex-
anthematic typhus or smallpox, or
which have had such cases on board
during the previous seven days, and
vessels which have left an infected
port within less than five times
twenty-four hours shall stop at the
sanitary stations indicated in the
preceding paragraph in order to
embark such sanitary guards as the
Turkish authorities may direct. No
tax or charge shall be levied in
respect of these sanitary guards and
they shall be disembarked at a sani-
tary station on departure from the
Straits.
Art. 4. In time of war, Turkey
not being belligerent, merchant ves-
sels, under any flag or with any kind
of cargo, shall enjoy freedom of tran-
sit and navigation in the Straits
subject to the provisions of articles
2 and 3.
Pilotage and towage remain op-
tional.
Art. 5. In time of war, Turkey
being belligerent, merchant vessels
not belonging to a country at war
with Turkey shall enjoy freedom of
transit and navigation in the Straits
on condition that they do not in any
way assist the enemy.
Such vessels shall enter the Straits
by day and their transit shall be
389
sanitaire pros de 1'entrCe des De-
troits aux fins du contrSle sanitaire
Ctabli par les rCglements turcs dans
le cadre des prescriptions sanitaires
internationales. Ce contr6le, dans
le cas de navires possCdant une
patente nette de sante ou presentant
une declaration de sante attestant
qu'ils ne tombent pas sous le coup
des dispositions d'alinea 2 du present
article, s'effectuera de jour et de
nuit, avec le plus de rapidite possible,
et ces navires ne devront etre
astreints a aucun autre arret au
cours de leur passage dans les
Detroits.
Les navires qui ont a bord des cas
de peste, de cholera, de fievre jaune,
de typhus exanthematique ou de
variole, ou qui en ont eu moins de
sept jours auparavant, ainsi que les
'navires qui ont quittC un port con-
taminC depuis moins de cinq fois
vingt-quatre heures, s'arreteront au
poste sanitaire indiquC a 1'alinea
precedent pour y embarquer les
gardes sanitaires que les autorites
turques pourraient designer. 11 ne
sera a ce titre prClevC aucune taxe ou
charge et -les gardes devront etre
debarques a un poste sanitaire a la
sortie des Detroits.
Art. 4. En temps de guerre, la
Turquie n'Ctant pas belligerante, les
navires de commerce, quels que
soient le pavilion et le chargement,
jouiront de la libertC de passage et de
navigation dans les Detroits dans les
conditions prevues aux articles 2 et.3.
Le pilotage et le remorquage res-
tent facultatifs.
Art. 5. En temps de guerre, la
Turquie Ctant belligerante, les na-
vires de commerce n'appartenant
pas A. un pays en guerre avec la
Turquie jouiront de la liberte de
passage et de navigation dans les
.Detroits a condition de n'assister en,
aucune fagon 1'ennemi.
Ces navires entreront de jour dans
lea Detroits - et le passage devra
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390 INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION
effected by the route which shall in
each case be indicated by the Turk-
ish authorities.
Art. 6. Should Turkey consider
herself to be threatened with immi-
nent danger of war, the provisions of
article 2 shall nevertheless continue
to be applied except that vessels
must enter the Straits by day and
that their transit must be effected
by the route which shall, in each
case, be indicated by the Turkish
authorities.
Pilotage may, in this case, be
made obligatory, but no charge shall
be levied.
Art, 7. The term "merchant ves-
sels applies to all vessels which are
not covered by Section II of the
present Convention.
VESSELS OF WAR
Art. 8. For the purposes of the
present Convention, the definitions
of vessels of war and of their specifi-
cation together with, those relating
to the calculation of tonnage shall
be as set forth in Annex II to the
present Convention.
Art. 9. Naval auxiliary vessels
specifically designed for the carriage
of fuel, liquid or non-liquid, shall
not be subject to the provisions of
article 13 regarding notification,
nor shall they be counted for the
purpose of calculating the tonnage
which is subject to limitation under
articles 14 and 18, on condition that
they shall pass through the Straits
singly. They shall, however, con-
tinue to be on the same footing as
vessels of war for the purpose of the
remaining provisions governing tran-
sit.
The auxiliary vessels specified in
the preceding paragraph shall only
be entitled to benefit by the excep-
tional status therein contemplated if
their armament does not include:
for use against floating targets; more
than two guns of a maximum calibre
No. 449
s'effectuer par la route qui sera, Bans
chaque cas, indiqu6e par les au-
torit6s turques.
Art. 6. Au cas oil la Turquie
s'estimerait menac6e d'un danger de
guerre imminent, it continuerait
n6anmoins a etre fait application des
dispositions de Particle 2, sauf que
les navires devraient er trer de jour
Bans les D6troits et que le passage
devrait s'effectuer par la route in-
diqu6e, Bans chaque cas, par les
autorit6s turques.
Le pilotage pourrait, dans ce cas,
titre rendu obligatoire, mais sans
retribution.
Art. q. Le terme "navires de
commerce" s'applique a tous les
navires qui ne sont pas vises par la
Section II de la pr6sente Convention.
SECTION II
BATIMENTS DE GUERRE
Art. 8. Aux fins de la pr6sente
Convention, la definition applicable
aux batiments de guerre et a leurs
specifications, ainsi qu'au calcul des
tonnages est celle qui figure dans
1'annexe 11 5. la pr6sente Convention.
Art. 9. Les batiments auxiliaires
de la marine militaire sp6cifiquement
concus pour le transport des com-
bustibles, liquides ou non, ne seront
pas astreints au pr6avis vise a l'ar-
ticle 13 et n'entreront pas dans le
calcul des tonnages soumis a limita-
tion en vertu des articles 14 et i8,
a condition de traverser les D6troits
isol6ment. Toutefois ils demeure-
ront assimil6s aux batiments de
guerre en ce qui concerne les autres
conditions de passage.
Les batiments auxiliaires vises au
pr6c6dent alin6a ne pourront b6n6-
ficier de la derogation envisag6e que
si leur armement ne comporte pas:
comme artillerie contre objectifs
flottants, plus de. deux pieces d'un
calibre de Io5 mm.,au maximum;
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pass through the Straits singly, es- premier de Particle 14, A la condition
corted by not more than two que ces batiments ne franchissent
destroyers. les Detroits qu'un a un, escortes au
14, on condition that these vessels superieur au tonnage prevu a l'alinea
July 20, 1936 R1.GIME OF THE STRAITS
of 105 millimetres; for use against-comme artillerie contre objectifs
aerial targets, more than two guns of aeriens, plus de deux materiels d'un
a maximum calibre of 75 milli- calibre de 75 mm. au maximum.
metres.
Art zo. In time of peace, light Art. zo. En temps de paix, lea
surface vessels, minor war vessels and batiments legers de surface, lea petits
auxiliary vessels, whether belonging navires de combat et lea navires
to Black Sea or non-Black Sea Pow--auxiliaires, qu'ils'-appartiennent- A
ers, and whatever their flag, shall des Puissances riveraines ou non de
enjoy freedom of transit through the la Mer Noire, quel que soft leur
Straits without any taxes or charges pavilion, jouiront de la liberte de
whatever, provided that such transit passage dans les Detroits sans aucune
is begun during daylight and subject taxe ou charge quelconque, pourvu
to the conditions laid down in article qu'ils y pen&rent de jour et dans lea
13 and the articles following there- conditions prevues aux articles 13
after. et suivants ci-apres.
Vessels of war other than those Les batiments de guerre autres
which fall within the categories que ceux qui entrent dans lea classes
specified in the preceding paragraph visees A l'alinea precedent-n'auron-t
shall only enjoy a right of transit le droit de` passage que dans lea
under the special conditions provided conditions speciales prevues aux
by articles I I and 12. articles I I et 12.
Art. z z. Black Sea Powers may Art. z z. Les Puissances riveraines
send through the Straits capital ships de la Mer Noire sont autorisees a
of a tonnage greater than that laid - faire passer par lea Detroits leurs
down in the first paragraph of article batiments de ligne d'un tonnage
plus de deux torpilleurs. -
Art. z2. Les Puissances riveraines
de la Mer Noire auront le droit de
faire passer par lea Detroits, en vue
de rallier leur base, leurs sous-marins
construits ou achetes en dehors de
cette mer, si un avis de mise en
chantier ou d'achat a ete donne en
temps utile A la Turquie.
Submarines belonging to the said Les sous-marins appartenant aux-
Powers shall also be entitled to pass' dites Puissances pourront egalement
through the Straits to be repaired in-traverser lea Detroits pour titre re-
dockyards outside the Black Sea on pares dans des chantiers situes hors
condition that detailed information de cette mer A la condition que des
on the matter is given to Turkey;- pfeci?ion"s a c ssujet soient dorin`ees i
Art. 112. Black Sea Powers shall
have the right to send through the
Straits, for the purpose of rejoining
their base, submarines constructed
or purchased outside the Black Sea,
provided that adequate notice of the
laying down or purchase of such sub-
marines shall have been given to
Turkey.
In either case, the said submarinesmust travel by day and on the sur- face, and must pass through the Straits singly. Art. 13. The transit of vessels of war through the Straits shall be
la Turquie.
Dans Pun et l'autre cas, lea sous-
marina devront naviguer de jour et
en surface et traverser lea Detroits
isolement.
Art. 13. Pour le passage dans lea
Detroits des b9 timents de guerre, un
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392 INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION No. 449
preceded by a notification given to preavis devra titre donne au Gou-
the Turkish Government_through v.ernemejtt turc_par la voie diploma-
the diplomatic channel. The nor- tique. La durrEe 66rmalt~~du-preavis_
mal period of notice shall be eight 'sera de huit jours; mais it est desir- tli
days; but it is desirable that in the able que, pour les Puissances non c
case of non-Black Sea Powers this riveraines de la Mer Noire, elle soit wl
period should be increased to fifteen portee a quinze jours.. II sera in-
days. The notification shall specify dique dans le preavis la destination, thi
the destination, name, type and le nom, le type et le nombre des in
number of the vessels, as also the batiments, ainsi que la date de th
date of entry for the outward passage passage pour l'aller et, s'il y a lieu, isl
and, if necessary, for the teturn pour le retour. Tout changement p-,
journey. Any change of date shall_de-date'-_devi?a-faire=l'objet"d''un
be subject to three days' notice.. 1 5 f eavis de trois jours. of
a period of five days from the date
given in the original notification.
After the expiry of this period, a new
notification shall be given under the
same conditions as for the original
notification.
When effecting transit, the com-
mander of the naval force shall,
without being under any obligation
to stop, communicate to a signal
station at the entrance to the Darda-
nelles or the Bosphorus the exact
composition of the force under his
orders.
Art. 14. The maximum aggregate Art. 14. Le tonnage global maxi-
tonnage of all foreign naval forces mum de toutes les forces navales
which may be in course of transit etrangcres pouvant se trouver en gr
through the Straits shall not exceed .cours de transit dans les Detroits ne na
15,000 tons, except in the cases pro- devra pas depasser 15,000 tonnes, ex
III to the present .Convention: - - ' - - - e t a 1'annexe III a la presente Con- J th
The forces specified in the pre- Toutefois les forces visEes a l'alinea th
ceding paragraph shall not,-however, pr6cCdent ne devront pas compren-_ th
comprise more than nine vessels. dre plus de neuf batiments. --- r .- of
Vessels, whether belonging to Ne seront pas compris dans ce ga
Black Sea or non-Black Sea Powers, tonnage les batiments appartenant tic
paying visits to a port in the Straits, a des Puissances riveraines ou non in
in accordance with the provisions riveraines de la Mer Noire qui, a of article 17, shall not be included conformement aux dispositions de pt
in this tonnage. l'article 17, rendent visite a un port in
des Detroits. pr
Neither shall vessels of war which Ne seront pas davantage compris T have suffered damage during their dans ce tonnage les batiments de Ja
passage through the Straits be in- guerre qui auraient subi une avarie ye
cluded in. this tonnage; such vessels, lors de la traversee; ces batiments se in
while undergoing repair, shall be sub- soumettront, pendant les repara- G
Entry into the Straits for the out-
ward passage shall take place within
L'entree dans les Detroits pour le vE
passage d'aller devra avoir lieu dans cc
un delai de cinq jours a partir de vi
la date indiquee dans le preavis ini- th
tial. Apres 1'expiration de ce delai, T
it devra titre donne un nouveau fo
preavis, dans les me"mes conditions sa
que pour le preavis initial: to
Lors du passage, le commandant qi
de la force navale communiquera, th
sans avoir a s'arreter, a une station IC
de signaux a 1'entree des Dardanelles
ou du Bosphore, la composition
exacte de la force se trouvant sous no
ses ordres. I m
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July 20, 1936
REGIME OF THE STRAITS 2n1
ject to any special provisions relating
to security laid down by Turkey.
Art. 15. Vessels of war in transit
through the Straits shall in no cir-
cumstances make use of any aircraft
which they may be carrying.
Art. r6. Vessels of war in transit
through the Straits shall not, except
in the event of damage or peril of
the sea, remain therein longer than
is necessary for them to effect the
passage.
Art. x,7. Nothing in the provisions
of the preceding articles shall pre-
vent a naval force of any tonnage or
composition from paying a courtesy
visit of limited duration to a port in
the Straits, at the invitation of the
Turkish Government. Any such
force must leave the Straits by the
same route as that by which it en-
tered, unless it fulfils the conditions re-
quired for passage in transit through
the Straits as laid down by articles
10, 14 and 18.
Art. 18.-(1) The aggregate ton-
nage which non-Black Sea Powers
may have in that sea in time of peace
shall be limited as follows:
(a) Except as provided in para-
graph (b) below, the aggregate ton-
nage of the said Powers shall not,
exceed 30,000 tons;
(b) If at any time the tonnage of
the strongest fleet in the Black Sea
shall exceed by at least 10,000 tons
the tonnage of the strongest fleet in
that sea at the date of the signature
of the present Convention, the aggre-
gate tonnage of 30,000 tons men-
tioned in paragraph (a) shall be
increased by the same amount, up to
a maximum of 45,000 tons. For this
purpose, each Black Sea Power shall,
in conformity with Annex IV to the
present Convention, inform the
Turkish Government, on the 1st
January and the 1st July of :each
year, of the total tonnage of its fleet
in the Black Sea; and the Turkish
Government shall transmit this in-
tions, aux dispositions sp6ciales de
s6curit6 6dict6es par la Turquie.
Art. 115. Les batiments de guerre
en transit dans les D6troits ne pour-
ront, en aucun cas, utiliser les
a6ronefs dont ils seraient porteurs.
Art. 16. rLes batiments de guerre
en transit dans les D6troits ne de-
vront, sauf en cas d'avarie, ou de
fortune de mer, y s6journer au dela
du temps n6cessaire pour effecteur
leur passage.
Art. rq. Les dispositions des ar-
ticles pr6c6dents ne sauraient en
aucune mani6re empecher une force-
navale d'un tonnage et d'une com-
position quelconques de rendre, dans
un port des D6troits, sur l'invitation
du Gouvernement turc, une visite
de courtoisie d'une dur6e limit6e.
Cette force devra quitter les D6troits
par la meme route que pour 1'entr6e,
a moms qu'elle ne soit dans les con-
ditions voulues pour passer en transit
dans les D6troits, conform6ment aux
dispositions des articles io, 14 et 18.
Art. r8.-1. Le tonnage global
que les Puissances non riveraines de
la Mer Noire peuvent avoir dans
cette mer en temps de paix est limit6
de la facon suivante:
(a) Sauf dans le cas pr6vu au
paragraphe (b) ci-apr6s, le tonnage
global desdites Puissances n'exc6-
dera pas 30,000 tonnes;
(b) Au cas o1 , a un moment quel-
conque, le tonnage de la flotte la
plus forte de la Mer Noire viendrait
a d6passer d'au moms Io,ooo tonnes
celui de la flotte la plus forte en
cette mer a la date de la signature de
la pr6sente Convention, le tonnage
global de 30,000 tonnes mentionn6
au paragraphe (a) sera major6
d'autant, jusqu'a concurrence d'un
maximum de 45,000 tonnes. A
cette fin, chaque Puissance riveraine
fera connaftre, conform6ment a l'an-
nexe IV a la pr6sente Convention, au
Gouvernement turc, le ler janvier
et le ie* juillet de chaque ann6e, le
tonnage total .de sa flotte en Mer
Noire, et le Gouvernement turc
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INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION No. 449
formation to the other High Con-
tracting Parties and to the Secretary-
General of the League of Nations.
transmettra cette information aux
autres Hautes Parties contractantes
ainsi qu'au Secretaire general de la
Societe des Nations;
(c) The tonnage which any one (c) Le tonnage que l'une quel-
non-Black Sea Power may have in conque des Puissances non riveraines
the Black Sea shall be limited to aura la faculte d'avoir en Mer Noire
two-thirds of the aggregate tonnage sera limitC aux deux tiers du tonnage
provided for in paragraphs (a) and global vise aux paragrapher (a) et
(b) above; (b) ci-dessus;
of one (d) Toutefois au cas oil une ou
however
t
h
I
d
,
,
e even
n t
(
)
or more non-Black Sea Powers de- plusieurs Puissances non riveraines
siring to send naval forces into the de la Mer Noire desireraient y en-
Black Sea, for a humanitarian pur- voyer, dans un but humanitaire,
pose, the said forces, which shall in des forces navales, ces forces, dont
no case exceed 8,000 tons altogether, ]'ensemble ne devra, en aucune
shall be allowed to enter the Black hypothese, exceder 8,ooo tonnes,
Sea without having to give the noti- seront admises il penetrer clans la
fication provided for in article 13 of Mer Noire, sans le preavis prevu A
the present Convention, provided l'article 13 de la presente Conven-
an authorisation is obtained from the tion, moyennant une autorisation
Turkish Government in the follow- obtenue du Gouvernement tiirc dans
ing circumstances: if the figure of the les conditions suivantes: si le tonnage
aggregate tonnage specified in para.: global vise aux paragraphes (a) et
graphs (a) and (b) above has not (b) ci-dessus n'est pas atteint et ne
been reached and will not be ex- dolt pas titre depasse par les forces
ceeded by the despatch of the forces dont ]'envoi est demande, le Gou-
which it is desired to send, the vernement turc accordera ladite
Turkish Government shall grant the autorisation dans le plus bref delai
said authorisation within the short- apres la reception de la demande
est possible time after receiving-the-dont-il-aura-etCsaisi; si ledit tonnage
is
de' t I' a ou
request which has been addressed to
it; if the said figure has already been
reached or if the despatch of the
forces which it is desired to send will
cause it to be exceeded, the Turkish
Government will immediately in-
form the other Black Sea Powers of
the request for authorisation, and
if the said Powers make no objection
within twenty-four hours of having
received this information, the Turk-
ish Government shall, within forty-
eight hours at the latest, inform the
interested Powers of the reply which
it has decided to make to their
request.
Any further entry into the Black
Sea of naval forces of non-Black
Sea Powers shall only be effected
within the available limits of the
aggregate tonnage provided for in
paragraphs (a) and (b) above.
global se trouve titre j u
s'il devait titre depasse par les forces
dont ]'envoi est demande, le Gou-
vernement turc donnera immediate-
ment connaissance de la demande
d'autorisation aux autres Puissances
riveraines de la Mer Noire et si ces
Puissances, vingt-quatre heuresapres
en avoir ete informees, n'y font pas
d'objection, it fera savoir aux Puis-
sances interessees, au plus tard dans
un delai utile de quarante-huit
heures, la suite qu'il aura decide de
donner Ad leur demande.
Toute entree -ulterieure en Mer
Noire de forces navales des Puis-
sances non riveraines ne s'effectuera
que clans les limites disponibles du
tonnage global vise aux paragraphes
(a) et (b) ci-dessus.
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`
ere
pa`?
cas
of
tio',
rer
sio
asE
clu
Cc
an
co
tic
foi
lin
18
nc
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July 20, 1936
(2) Vessels of war belonging to
non-Black Sea Powers shall not re-
main in the Black Sea more than
twenty-one (lays, whatever be the
object of their presence there.
Art. ig. In time of war, Turkey
not being belligerent, warships shall
enjoy complete freedom of transit
and navigation through the Straits
under the same conditions as those
laid down in articles 1o to 18.
Vessels of war belonging to bellig-
erent Powers shall not, however,
pass through the Straits except in
cases arising out of the application
of article 25 of the present Conven-
tion, and in cases of assistance
rendered to a State victim of aggres-
sion in virtue of a treaty of mutual
assistance binding Turkey, con-
cluded within the framework of the
Covenant of the League of Nations,
and registered and published in ac-
cordance with the provisions of ar-
ticle 18 of the Covenant.
In the exceptional cases provided
for in the preceding paragraph, the
limitations laid down in articles to to
18 of the present Convention shall
not be applicable.
Notwithstanding the prohibition
of passage laid down in paragraph 2
above, vessels of war belonging to
belligerent Powers, whether they
are Black Sea Powers or not, which
have become separated from their
bases, may return thereto.
Vessels of war belonging to bellig-
erent Powers shall not make any
capture, exercise the right of visit
and search, or carry out any hostile
act in the Straits.
Art. 20. In time of war, Turkey
being belligerent, the provisions of
articles io to 18 shall not be appli-
cable; the passage of warships shall
be left entirely to the discretion of
the Turkish Government.
Art. 21. Should Turkey consider
herself to be threatened with immi-
nent danger of war she shall. have
2. Quel que soft l'objet de leur
presence en Mer Noire, les bati-
ments de guerre des Puissances non
riveraines ne pourront pas y rester
plus de vingt et un jours.
Art. ig. En temps de guerre, la
Turquie n'etant pas belligerante, les
b5timents d'e guerre jouiront d'une
complete liberte de passage' et de
navigation dans les Detroits dans
des conditions identiques .1 celles
qui sont stipulees aux articles 10 A 18.
Toutefois it sera interdit aux bati-
tnents de guerre de toute Puissance
belligerante de passer A travers les
Detroits, sauf dans les cas rentrant
dans l'application de I'article 25 de la
presente Convention, ainsi que dans
le cas d'assistance pretee A un Etat
victime d'une agression en vertu d'un
traite d'assistance mutuelle enga-
geant la Turquie, conclu dans le cadre
du Pacte de la Societe des Nations,
enregistre et public conformement
aux dispositions de 1'article 18 dudit
Pacte.
Dans les cas exceptionnels vises a
1'alinea precedent, ne seront pas
applicables les limitations indiquees
dans les articles 10 a 18.
Malgre l'interdiction de passage
edictee dans l'alinea 2 ci-dessus, les
b3timents de guerre des Puissances
belligerantes riveraines ou non de la
Mer Noire, separes de leurs ports
d'attache, sont autorises A rallier
ces ports.
II est interdit aux b5timents de
guerre belligerants de proceder a
toute capture, d'exercer le droit de
visite et de se livrer A un acte hostile
quelconque dans les Detroits.
Art. 20. En temps de guerre, la
Turquie etant belligerante, les dis-
positions des articles 10 A 18 ne seront
pas applicables; le passage des bati-
ments de guerre sera entierement
laisse A'la discretion du Gouverne-
ment turc.
Art. 21. Au cas od la Turquie
s'estimerait menacee d'un danger de
guerre imminent, elle aurait le droit
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 Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/09/13: CIA-RDP08CO1297R000500030013-2
the right to apply the provisions of
article 20 of the present Convention.
Vessels which have passed through
the Straits before Turkey has made
use of the powers conferred upon
her by the preceding paragraph, and
which thus find themselves separated
from their bases, may return thereto.
It is, however, understood that Tur-
key may deny this right to vessels of
war belonging to the State whose
attitude has given rise to the appli-
cation of the present article.
. Should the Turkish Government
make use of the powers conferred
by the first paragraph of the present
article, a notification to that effect
shall be addressed to the High Con-
ti-acting Parties and to the Secretary-
General of the League of Nations.
If the Council of the League of
Nations decide by a majority of
two-thirds that the measures thus
taken by Turkey are not justified, and
if such should also be the opinion of
.the majority of the High Contracting
Parties signatories to the present
Convention, the Turkish Government
undertakes to discontinue the meas-
ures in question as also any measures
which may have been taken under
article 6 of the present Convention.
Art. 22. Vessels of war which
have on board cases of plague,
cholera,' yellow fever, exanthematic
typhus or smallpox or which have
had such cases on board within the
last seven days and vessels of war
which have left an infected port
within less than five times twenty-
four hours must pass through the
Straits in quarantine and apply by
the means on board such prophy-
lactic measures as are necessary in
order to prevent any possibility of
the Straits being infected.
Art. 23.1 in order to assure the
passage of civil aircraft between the
No. 449
d'appliquer les dispositions de ('ar-
ticle 20 de la presente Convention.
Les batiments de guerre qui, apres
avoir passe par les Detroits ante-
rieurement a l'usage par la Turquie
de la faculte que lui confere l'alinea
precedent, se trouveraient ainsi se-
pares de leurs ports d'attache, pour-
ront rallie'r ces ports. II est cepen-
dant entendu que la Turquie pourra
ne pas faire beneficier de ce droit les
batiments de l'Etat dont ('attitude
aurait motive l'application du pre-
sent article.
Si le Gouvernement turc fait usage
de Ia faculte que lui confere l'alinea
premier ci-dessus, it addressera une
notification a cet effet aux Hautes
Parties contractantes ainsi qu'au
Secretaire general de la Societe des
Nations.
Si le Conseil de la Societe des
Nations, par une majorite des deux
tiers, decide que les mesures ai:nsi
prises par la Turquie ne sont pas
ju?tifiees et si tel est egalement 1'avis
de la majorite des Hautes Parties
contractantes signataires de la pre-
sente Convention, le Gouvernement
turc s'engage a rapporter les mesures
en question ainsi que celles qui
auraient ete prises en vertu de ('ar-
ticle 6 de la presente Convention.
Art. 22. Les batiments de guerre
qui ont a. bord des cas de peste, de
cholera, de ficvre jaune, de typhus
exanthematique ou de variole, ou
qui en ont eu moms de sept jours
auparavant, ainsi que les batiments
qui ont quitte un port contamine de-
puis moi.ns de cinq fois vingt-quatre
heures devront passer les Detroits en
quarantaine et appliquer par les
moyens du bord les mesures prophy-
lactiques necessaires pour eviter'
toute possibilite de contamination
des Detroits.
SECTION III
AfRONEFS
Art. 1 23. En vue d'assurer le
passage des aeronefs. civils entre' la
J0
Me
the
cat,
put
whi
Str
rou
Tu:
cas
thr
reg
tioi
OW
ren
fur
the
aul
in l
ish
Asi
foil
cra
isa
to
J
Int
un,
thf
Jul
the
tal
ni;
pli
of
of
Cc
of
of
St
Ti
th
th
co
na
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July 20, 1936
Mediterranean and the Black Sea,
the Turkish Government will indi-
cate the air routes available for this
purpose, outside the forbidden zones
which may be established in the
Straits. Civil aircraft may use these
routes provided that they give the
Turkish Government, as regards oc-
casional flights, a notification of
three days, and as regards flights on
regular services, a general notifica-
tion of the dates of passage.
The Turkish Government more-
over undertake, notwithstanding any
remilitarisation of the Straits, to
furnish the necessary facilities for
the safe passage of civil aircraft
authorised under the air regulations
in force in Turkey to fly across Turk-
ish territory between Europe and
Asia. The route which is to be
followed in the Straits zone by air-
craft which have obtained an author-
isation shall be indicated .from time
to time.
Art. 24. The functions of the
International Commission set up
under the Convention relating to
Mediterranee et la Mer Noire, le
Gouvernement turc indiquera, en
dehors des zones interdites des
Detroits, les routes aeriennes des-
tinees a ce passage; les aeronefs civils
pourron:t utiliser ces routes en don-
nant au Gouvernement 'turc, pour
les survols occasionnels, un preavis
de trois jours et; pour les survols de
services reguliers, un preavis general
des dates de passage.
D'autre part, nonobstant la re-
militarisation des Detroits, le Gou-
vernement turc fournira les facilites
necessaires pour le passage en toute
securite des aeronefs civils autorises
d'apr~s la reglernentation aerienne
en vigueur en Turquie bL survoler le
territoire turc entre 1'Europe et
1'Asie. Pour les cas on une autorisa-
tion de survol aurait ete accordee, la
route a suivre dans la zone des
Detroits sera periodiquement in-
diquee.
SECTION IV
DISPOSITIONS GANk-RALES
Art. 24. 'Les attributions -de --la
Commission internationale consti-
tuee en vertu de la Convention con-
the regime of the Straits of the 24th cernant le regime des Detroits en
July, 1923, are hereby transferred to date du 24 juillet 1923 sont -traps=
the Turkish Government. ferees au_Gouvernement turc.
The Turkish Government under Le Gouvernement turc s'engage A
take to collect statistics. and to fur- reunir les statistiques et A fournir les
nish information concerning the ap- renseignements relatifs A 1'applica-
plication of articles I1, 12, 14 and 18 tion des articles I1, 12, 14 et 18. _
of the present Convention. -__--_
They will supervise the execution--- "11 doit veiller A 1'execution de toute
of all the provisions of the present disposition de la presente Conven-
Convention relating to the passage tion ayant trait au passage des
of vessels of war through the Straits. batiments de guerre dans les De-
troits.
As soon as they have been notified Dees qu'il aura,ete avise du pro-
of the intended passage through the chain passage dans les Detroits
Straits of a foreign naval force-the -dune-force-navale 6trang6re, le
Turkish Government shall inform Gouvernement turc fera coon &
the representatives at Angora of aux representants a Ankara des
the High Contracting Parties of the Hautes Parties contractantes la com-
composition of that force, its ton- position de cette force, son tonnage,
nage, the date fixed for its entry into la date.prevue pour,son entree daps
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398 INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION
the Straits, and, if necessary, the les Detroits et, s'il y a lieu, la date
probable date of its return. probable de son retour.
The Turkish Government shall Le Gouvernement turc adressera
address to the Secretary-General of au Secretaire general de la Societe
the League of Nations and to the des Nations ainsi qu'aux Hautes
High Contracting Parties an annual Parties contractantes un rapport
report giving details regarding the annuel indiquant les mouvements
movements of foreign vessels of war des batiments de guerre strangers
through the Straits and furnishing all dans les Detroits et fournissant tous
information which may be of service renseignements utiles pour le com-
to commerce and navigation, both by merce et la navigation maritime et
sea and by air, for which provision `aerienne envisagee dans la presente
is made in the present Convention.
Art. 25. Nothing in the present'
Convention shall prejudice the rights
and obligations of Turkey, or of any
of the other High Contracting Par-
ties members of the League -of Na.:
tions, arising out of the Covenant
of the League of Nations.
SECTION V. - - ..
Art. 25. ttucune __``
la presente Convention ne porte
atteinte aux droits et obligations
decoulant du Pacte de la Societe des.
Nations pour la Turquie ou pour
toute autre Haute Partie contrac-
tante, Membre de la Societe des
Nations.
FINAL PROVISIONS
Art. 26. The present Convention Art. 26. La presente Convention
shall be ratified as soon as possible. sera ratifiee dans le plus court delai
possible.
The ratifications shall be deposited Les ratifications seront deposees
in the archives of the Government aux archives du Gouvernement de
of the French-Republic in Paris. - -1a Republique francaise .1 Paris.
The Japanese Government shall Le Gouvernement japonais aura
be entitled to inform the Govern- la faculte de se borner 5. faire con-
h naitre au Gouvernement de la Re-
h
roug
ment of the French Republic t
their diplomatic representative in publique francaise, par son repre-
Paris that the ratification has been sentant diplomatique 5. Paris, que
given, and in that case..they shall la ratification a ete donnee et, dans
transmit the instrument of ratifica- ce cas, it devra transmettre l'instru-
tion as soon as possible. ment aussit6t que faire se pourra.
A procbs-verbal of the deposit of Un proces-verbal de depot sera
ratifications shall be drawn up as dresse des que six instruments de
soon as six instruments of ratifica--ratification;-.y_.compris--celui-
tion, including that of Turkey, shall-Turquie, auront ete deposes. A
have been deposited. For this pur- cette fin, la notification prevue A
pose the notification provided for in l'alinea precedent equivaudra an
the preceding paragraph shall be depot de l'instrument de ratification.
taken as the equivalent of the de-
posit of an instrument of ratification.
The present Convention shall La presente Convention entrera
come into force on the date of the en vigueur a la date de ce proces-
said proces-verbal. verbal. The French Government will Le Gouvernement francais remet-
transmit to all the High Contracting tra a toutes les Hautes Parties con-
- I
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398
the Straits, and, if necessary, the
probable date of its return.
The Turkish Government shall
address to the Secretary-General of
the League of Nations and to the
High Contracting Parties an annual
report giving details regarding the
movements of foreign vessels of war
through the Straits and furnishing all
be of service
h
hi
may
c
information w
to commerce and navigation, both by merce et la navigation maritime et
sea and by air, for which provision aerienne envisagse dans la presente
is made in the present Convention. Convention.
Art. 25. Nothing in the present" Art. 25. Aucune disposition de-- -;`
C nvention ne norte
o
t
e
de
of the other High Contracting Par- cou --
ties members of the League-of-Na= `-Nations pour la Turquie ou pour
tions, arising out-of the Covenant toute autre Haute Partie contrac-
of the-League of Nations. tante, Membre de la Societe des
Nations.
s
sen
Convention shall prejudice the rights la pr
and obligations of Turkey, or of any atteinte aux droits et obligations--- -
1 t d., -Pacts de la Societe des.
SECTION.V `~ECTION
FINAL PROVISIONS DISPOSITIONS FINALES
Art. 26. The present Convention Art. 26. La presente Convention
lus court dslai
l
B
e p
ans
shall be ratified as soon as possible. sera ratifiee
possible.
The ratifications shall be deposited Les ratifications seront deposes
in the archives of the Government aux archives du Gouvernement de
of the French-Republic in Paris. ----la-Republique francaise a Paris.
The Japanese Government shall Le Gouvernement japonais aura
be entitled to inform the Govern- la faculte de se borner a faire con-
ment of the French Republic through naitre au Gouvernement de la Re-
their diplomatic representative in publique frangaise, par son repre-
Paris that the ratification has been sentant diplomatique a Paris, que
given, and in that case they shall "- -la ratification a Cte donnee et, dans
transmit the instrument of ratifica- ce cas, it devra transmettre 1'instru-
tion as soon as possible. ment aussit8t que faire se pourra.
A prods-verbal of the deposit of Un prods-verbal de depot sera
as dressC des que six instruments de
n u
d
ll b
p
raw
e
ratifications sha
ratifica--;f;,compris-celui-de la
f
t
.
s o
soon as six instrumen
tion, including that of Turkey, shall-Turquie, auront ete deposes. A
have been deposited. For this pur- cette fin, la notification prevue a
pose the notification provided for in l'alinea precedent equivaudra au
the preceding paragraph shall be depot de l'instrument de ratification.
taken as the equivalent of the de-
posit of an instrument of ratification.
The present Convention shall La presente Convention entrera
come into force on the date of the en vigueur a la date de ce proces-
said prods-verbal. verbal. - ----
The French Government will Le Gouvernement francais remet-
transmit to all the High Contracting tra a toutes les Hautes Parties con-
les DCtroits et, s'il y a lieu, la date
probable de son retour.
Le Gouvernement turc adressera
au SecrCtaire general de la Societe
des Nations ainsi qu'aux Hautes
Parties contractantes un rapport
annuel indiquant les mouvements
des batiments de guerre strangers
dans les DCtroits et fournissant tous
renseignements utiles pour le coin-
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July 20, 1936
Parties an authentic copy of the
proces-verbal provided for in the pre-
ceding paragraph and of the proces-
verbaux of the deposit of any subse-
quent ratifications.
Art. 27. The present Convention
shall, as from the date of its entry
into force, be open to accession by
any Power signatory to the Treaty
of Peace at Lausanne signed on the
24th July, 1923.
.tractantes une copie authentique
du proc6s-verbal vis6 a l'alin6a
pr6c6dent et des proc6s-verbaux de
d6p6t des ratifications ult6rieures.
Art. 27. A partir de son entr6e
en vigueur, la pr6sente Convention
sera ouverte a l'adh6sion de toute
Puissance signataire du Trait6 de
Paix de Lausanne du 24 juillet 1923.
Each accession shall be notified, Toute adhesion sera signifi6e par
through the diplomatic channel, to la voie -diplomatique au Gouverne-
the Government of the French Re- ment de la R6publique frangaise et,
'public, and by the latter to all the par celui-ci, a toutes les Hautes
High Contracting Parties. Parties eontractantes.
Accessions shall come into force Elie portera effet a dater du jour
.as from the date of notification. to-de la signification au Gouvernement
the French Government. francais.
Art. 28. The present Convention Art. 28. La pr6sente Convention
shall remain in force for twenty years -aura-une-dtrr~e d`e vingt aris date = .
from the date of its entry into force.
The principle of freedom of transit
and navigation affirmed in article
i of the present Convention shall
however continue without limit of
time.
If, two years prior to the expiry
of the said period of twenty years,
no High Contracting Party shall
have given notice of denunciation
to the French Government the pres-
ent Convention shall continue in
force until two years after such
notice shall have been given. Any
such notice shall be communicated
by the French Government to the
High Contracting Parties.
In the event of the present Con-
vention being denounced in accord-
ance with the provisions of the pres-
ent article, the High Contracting
Parties agree to be represented at a
conference for the purpose of con-
cluding a new Convention.
Art. 29. At the expiry of each pe-
riod.of five years from the date of the
entry into force of the present Con-
vention each of the High Contracting
Parties shall be entitled to initiate a
proposal for amending one or more
of the provisions of the present'
Convention. .
de son entr6e en vigueur.
Toutefois le principe de la libert6
de passage et de navigation affirm6
a l'article or de la pr6sente Conven-
tion aura une dur6e illimit6e.
Si, deux ans avant 1'expiration de
ladite p6riode de vingt ans, aucune
Haute Partie contractante n'a donn6
un pr6avis de d6nonciation au Gou-
vernement francais, la pr6sente Con-
vention demeurera en vigueur jusqu'i3
ce que deux ann6es se soient 6coul6es
apr& 1'envoi d'un pr6avis de d6non-
ciation. Ce pr6avis sera notifi6 par
le Gouvernement francais aux Hautes
Parties contractantes.
Si la pr6sente Convention venait a
etre d6nonc6e conform6ment aux
dispositions du pr6sent article, les
Hautes Parties contractantes con-
viennent de se faire repr6senter $
une conference en vue d'arreter les
termes d'une nouvelle convention.
Art. 29. A 1'expiration de chaque
p6riode quinquennale A compter de
la mise en vigueur de la pr6sente
Convention, chacune des Hautes
Parties contractantes pourra prendre
l'initiative de proposer des amende-
ments A une ou plusieurs dispositions
de la pr6sente Convention.
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High Contracting Parties must be Hautes Parties contractantes doit
supported, in the ca se of mo-di c'fi a -titre appuyee; s'il-s'agit de modifica-
Sion formulated by one of the de revision formul6e par une des
To be valid any request for revi- Pour titre recevable, la demande
400 INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION No. 449
nel, the High Contracting Parties-
agree to be represented at a confer-
ence to be summoned for this
purpose.
Such a conference may only take
decisions by a unanimous vote, ex-
cept as regards cases of revision
involving articles 14 and 18, for
which a, majority of three-quarters
of the High Contracting Parties
shall be sufficient.
The said majority shall include
three-quarters of the High Contract-
ing Parties which are Black Sea
Powers, including Turkey.
High Contracting Party, and, in the
case of modifications to any other
article, by two other High Contract-
ing Parties.
Any request for revision thus sup-
ported must be notified to all the
High Contracting Parties three months
prior to the expiry of the 'current
period of five years. This notifica-
tion shall contain details of the pro-
posed amendments and the reasons
which have given rise to them.
Should it be found impossible to
reach an agreement on these pro-
posals through the diplomatic chan-
tions to articles 14 or 18, by one other
lions de.la pr6sente Convention ne modifient en rien la position du Japon comme Etat
par une autre Haute Partie con-
tractante et, s'il s'agit de modifica-
tions A tout autre article, par deux
La demande de revision ainsi
appuy6e devra titre notifi6e A toutes
les Hautes Parties contractantes trois
mois avant 1'expiration de la p6riode
quinquennale en cours. Ce pr6avis
contiendra l'indication et les motifs
des amendements propos6s.
S'il est impossible d'aboutir sur
ces propositions par la vole diplo-
matique, les Hautes Parties con-
tractantes se feront repr6senter A
une conf6rence convoqu6e A cet effet.
Cette conf6rence ne pourra statuer
qu'A 1'unanimit6, A. 1'exception des
cas de revision relatifs A 1'article 14
et A 1'article 18, pour lesquels it
suffira d'une majorit6 des trois
quarts des Hautes Parties contrac-
tantes.
Cette majorit6 sera calcul6e en y
comprenant les trois quarts des
Hautes Parties contractantes rive-
raines de la Mer Noire, y compris la
Turquie.
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the above- EN FOI DE QUOI, les P16nipoten-
mentioned Plenipotentiaries have tiaires susnomm6s ont sign6 la
signed the present Convention. pr6sente Convention. ,
Done at Montreux the 20th July, Fait A Montreux, le vingt juillet
1936, in eleven copies, of. which the----mil--neuf-cent-trente-six, en onze
first copy, to which the seals of the exemplaires, dont le premier, revetu
Plenipotentiaries have been affixed, des sceaux des P16nipotentiarres, sera
will be deposited in the archives of d6pose dans les archives du Gou-
the Government of the French Re- vernement de la Republique fran-
public, and of which the remaining raise et dont les autres ont W. remis
copies have been transmitted to the Aux Puissances signataires.
signatory Powers.
[Signed:] N. P. NICOLAEV, PIERRE NEIcov, J. PAUL-BONCOUR, H. PONSOT,
STANLEY, S. M. BRUCE, N. POLITIS, RAOUL BIBICA ROSETTI;-Les soussignes,
P16nipotentiaires du Japon, d6clarent, au nom de leur Gouvernement, que les disposi-
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July 20, 1936 REGIME OF THE STRAITS 401
non membre de la Societe des Nations, tant a I'egard du Pacte de la Societe des Na-
tions qu'a 1'egard des traites d'assistance mutuelle conclus dans le cadre dudit Pacte,
et que le Japon conserve notamment, pour ce qui concerne ce Pacte et ces traites dans
les dispositions des articles 19 et 25, une pleine liberty d'appreciation. N. SATO,
MASSA-AKI HOTTA;-N. TITULESCO, CONS. CONTZESCO, V. V. PELLA,
DR. R. ARAs, SUAD DAVAZ, N. MENEMENCIOGLU, ASIM GUNDUZ, N. SADAK,
MAXIME LITVINOFF, DR. I. V. SOUBBOTITCH.
ANNEX I
The taxes and charges which may be
levied in accordance with article 2 of the
present Convention shall be those set
forth in the following table. Any reduc-
tions in these taxes or charges which the
Turkish Government may grant shall be
applied without any distinction based on
the flag of the vessel :
Amount of tax or
charge to be levied
on each ton of
net register tonnage.
Francs gold 1
(a) Sanitary Control Stations.... ........................
b) Lighthouses, Light and Channel Buoys-
Up to 8oo tons .....................................
'Above 80o tons..
(c) Life Saving Services, including Lifeboats, Rocket Stations, Fog
Sirens, Direction-finding Stations, and any Light Buoys not
comprised in. (b) above, or other similar installations....... 0.10
Montant de la taxe ou de la
charge a percevoir sur chaque
tonne de jauge nette
(net register tonnage)
(a) ContrBle sanitaire ............. ... ...............
(b) Phares, bouees lumineuses et bouees de chenaux ou autres:
Jusqu'a 800 tonnes ...............................
Au-dessus de 800 tonnes.. ..... .........
(c) Service de sauvetage, y compris les canots de sauvetage, les
postes de fusses porte-amarres, les sirtnes de brume, les
radio hares, ainsi que les bouees lumineuses non comprises
sous (b) ou autres installations du mc'me genre......... .
ANNEXE I
1. Les taxes et charges qui peuvent etre
pralevCes conformCment a ('article 2 de
la prEsente Convention seront celles qui
sont indiqut-es dans le tableau ci-aares.
Les reductions eventtielles de ces taxes
et charges que le Gouvernement turc
admettrait seront appliquees sans distinc-
tion de pavilion.
2. The taxes and charges set forth in
the table attached to paragraph I of the
present annex shall apply in respect of a
return voyage through the Straits (that
is to say, a voyage from the A gean Sea
to the Black Sea and return back to the
iEgean Sea or else a voyage through the
Straits from the Black Sea to the Egean
Sea followed by a return voyage into the
Black Sea) ; if, however, a merchant vessel
Francs or 1
0.075
2. Les taxes et charges definies. au
tableau annexe au paragraphe premier de
la presente annexe s'appliqueront a une
double traversee des Detroits (c'est-a-dire
a un passage de la Mer Egee a la Mer
Noire et au voyage de retour vers la Mer
Egee ou bien a une traversee des Detroits
de la Mer Noire a la Mer Egee suivie du
retour en Mer Noire); toutefois, si un
navire de commerce franchit a nouveau
1 roo piastres at present equals a.s francs gold (approx.)
1 Actuellement too piastres Equivalent A environ 2 francs 5o centimes or.
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INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION No. 449
re-enters the Straits with the object of
returning,into the lEgean Sea or to the
Black Sea, as the case may be, more than
six months after the date of entry into the
Straits for the outward voyage, such ves-
sel may be called upon to pay these taxes
and charges a second time, provided no
distinction. is made based on the flag of
the vessel.
3. If, on the outward voyage, a mer-
chant vessel declares an intention of not
returning, it shall only be obliged as re-
gards the taxes and charges provided for
in paragraphs (b) and (c) of the first para-
graph of the present annex, to pay half
the tariff indicated.
4. The taxes and charges set forth in
the table attached to the first paragraph
of the present annex, which are not to be
greater than is necessary to cover the cost
of maintaining the services concerned and
of allowing for the creation of a reasonable
reserve fund or working balance, shall not
be increased or added to except in accord-
ance with the provisions of article 29 of
the present Convention. They shall be
payable in gold francs or in Turkish cur-
rency at the rate of exchange prevailing
on the date of payment.
5. Merchant vessels may be required
to pay taxes and charges for optional
services, such as pilotage and towage,
when any such service shall have been
duly rendered by the Turkish authorities
at the request of the agent or master of
any such vessel. The Turkish Govern-
ment will publish from time to time the
tariff of the taxes and charges to be levied
for such optional services.
6. These tariffs shall not be increased
in cases in the event of the said services
being made obligatory by reason of the
application of article 5.
les D6troits en vue de retourner en Mer
Eg6e ou en Mer Noire, selon le cas, plus de
six mois apr6s la date d'entr6e dans les
D6troits pour le voyage d'aller, le navire
pourra etre appel6, sans distinction de
pavilion, a acquitter une seconde fois ces
taxes et charges.
3. Si, A la travers6e Waller, un navire
de commerce declare ne pas devoir revenir,
it n'aura 6 acquitter, quant aux taxes et
charges vis6es aux alin6as (b) et (c) du
paragraphs I?' de la pr6sente annexe,
que la moiti6 du tarif.
4. Les taxes et charges d6finies au ..
tableau annex6 au paragraphe I-, de la
pr6sente annexe et qui ne seront pas plus
6lev6es qu'il nest indispensable pour
couvrir les frais occasionn6s par les
services en question at pour conserver un
fonds de reserve ou un fonds de roule-
ment raisonnable ne seront augment6es
ou compl6t6es que par application des
dispositions de Particle 29 de la pr6sente
Convention. Elles seront acquitt6es en
francs or ou en monnaie turque d'apr6s
le cours des changes pratiqu6 d la date du
paiement.
5. Les navires de commerce pourront
etre tenus d'acquitter des taxes et des
charges pour les services facultatifs tels
que le pilotage et le remorquage lorsqu'un
tel service aura et6 dlment rendu par les
autorit6s turques I la demande de ('agent
ou du capitaine du navire en question.
Le Gouvernement turc publiera, de temps
i; autre, le tarif des taxes et charges.qui
seront pergues au titre de ces services
facultatifs.
6. Ces tarifs ne seront pas augment6s
dans les cas oil lesdits services seront
rendus obligatoires par ('application de
('article 5.
ANNEX II
(This annex contains the provisions of Article 1, A-C, of the London Naval Treaty of March
25, 1936, No. 438, ante.(
ANNEX III ANNEXE .III
It is agreed that, of the three over-age 11 est convenu que, parmi les trois
training shi s, as indicated below, belong- navires-6coles hors d'age ci-dessous d6-
ing to the Japanese Fleet, two units may signf.s de la marine japonaise, deux unites
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July 20, 1936 R1%GIME OF THE STRAITS
be allowed to visit ports in the Straits at
the same time.
The aggregate tonnage of these two ves-
sels shall in this case be considered as
being equivalent to i ,ooo tons.
seront admises a visiter les ports des
Detroits ensemble.
Le tonnage global de ces deux navires
sera, dans ce cas, consid6r6 comme 6qui-
valentA 15,000 tonnes. '
Date de to
l'entrie
Deplace-
meat type
Armement
mise en chantier
en service
(tonnes)
dard
St
[Date when
[Date of
entry into
an
[
displace-
ment
laid down]
service]
(tons)]- [Armaments]
Asama ..
............ 20-X-1896
t8-III-1899
9,240
IV X 200 min.
XII X 150 mm.
Yakumo ............... t-IX-1898
Iwate ................. II-XI-1898
20-VI-1900
t8-III-1901
9,010
9,180
IV X 200 mm.
XII X 150 mm.
IV X 200 mm. p
XIV X 150 mm.
The categories and ? sub-categories ? of 1. Les classes et sous-classes de ba-
vessels to be included in the calculation timents a comprendre dans le calcul du
of the total tonnage of the Black Sea tonnage total des flottes des P issances
Powers provided for in Article 18 of the riveraines de la MeclVotre; vrs'd-1 article
present Convention are the following-i8 de la presente Convention, ?sont les
tes?
n
ANNEX IV
Capital Ships: ?
sub-category (a).
sub-category (b).
Aircraft Carriers:
sub-category (a).
sub-category (b).
Light Surface Vessels:
sub-category (a).
sub-category (b).
sub-category (c).
Submarines:
as defined in Annex I I to the present Con-
vention.
The displacement which is to be taken
into consideration in the calculation of the
total tonnage is the standard displace-
ment as defined in Annex II. Only those
vessels shall be taken into consideration
which are not over-age according to the
definition contained in the said Annex.
2. The notification provided for in
article 18, paragraph (b) shall also include
the total tonnage of vessels belonging
to the categories and sub-categories men-
tioned in paragraph I of the present An-_
nex.
sutva
Bdtiments de ligne:
sous-classe (a).
sous-classe (b).
Bgtiments porte-aeronefs:
sous-classe (a).
sous-classe M.
-Bdtiments l@gers-de-surface:
sous-classe (a).
sous-classe (b).
sous-classe (c).
Sous-marins
suivant les definitions de 1'annexe II A la --
presente Convention.
Le deplacement dont it doit 8tre tenu
compte dans le calcul du tonnage total
est le deplacement type, tel qu'il est defini
a l'annexe II. Ne seront pris en conside-
ration que les bstiments qui ne sontpas
d age, . tel?:-qu-1ls sont-d~firiis -~
"hors
ladite annexe.
2. La communication prevue h l'article
18, alinea (b), doit comprendre en outre
le tonnage total des bfitiments des classes ? -
et sous-classes mentionnees au paragraphe
premier de la presente annexe.
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INTERNATIONAL LEGISLATION No. 450
No. 449a
Protocol of Signature of the Convention concerning the Regime of the
Straits. Signed at Montreux, July 20, 1930.
Protocole de signature de la Convention sur le regime des Detroits.
Signe A Montreux, 20 juillet 1936.
Entered into force July 20, 1936.1
Text and translation from Br. Parl. Papers, Cmd. 5249, PP. 38, 39.
No. 450
PROTOCOL concerning the Immunities of the Bank for International
Settlements. Opened for signature at Brussels, July 30, 1936.
PROTOCOLE concernant les immunies de la Banque des Regle-
ments internationaux. Ouvert a la signature A Bruxelles, 30
juillet 1936.
EDITORS NOTE. The agreement concerning the complete and final settlement of the
question of German reparations, signed at The Hague on January 20, 1930 (No. 238, ante)
1 Registered with the Secretariat of the League of Nations under No. 4015, December 11,
1936.
At the moment of signing the Con-
vention bearing this day's date, the
undersigned Plenipotentiaries de-
clare for their respective Govern-
ments that they accept the follow-
ing provisions:
(I) Turkey may immediately re-
militarise the zone of the Straits as
defined in the Preamble to the said
Convention.
(2) As from the r5th August, 1936,
date.
Done at Montreux, the loth July,
1936.
the Turkish Government shall pro-
visionally apply the r6gime specified
in the said Convention.
(3) The present Protocol shall
enter into force as from this day's
visoirement le r6gime sp6cifi6 dans
ladite Convention.
3. Le pr6sent Protocole.prendra
effet A dater de ce jour.
FAIT A Montreux, le vingt juillet
mil neuf cent trente-six.
[Here follow the same signatures as those affixed to the convention; the plenipotentiaries
of Japan signed ad referendum.]
Au moment de signer la Conven-
tion portant la date de ce jour, les
pl6nipotentiaires soussign6s,engageant
leurs gouvernements respectifs, d6-
clarent accepter les dispositions
ci-apr6s :
I. La Turquie pourra remilitariser
imm6diatement ]a zone des D6troits
telle qu'elle est d6finie dans le pr6-
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