AL-QADHDHAFI SPEECH

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP05-01559R000400430034-1
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 2, 2012
• Sequence Number: 34
• Publication Date: June 12, 1988
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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13 June 1988' 23
I have nothing to add, except to tell you: Let us be united
until victory. And to enter your temple as they entered it
before, and visit with destruction all that fall into their
power. [Koranic verse]
Al-Qadhdhafi Speech
LD1306014588 Tripoli Television Service in Arabic
1913' GMT 12 Jun 88
[Speech by Mu'ammar al-Qadhdhafi at the emergency
General People's Congress in Tripoli-live]
[Text] In the name of God. Allow me brothers to speak to
you for a short period. I will begin by congratulating the
masses of the free Libyan Arab people, the people's
conferences, and the people's committees and their gen-
eral meeting within the General People's Congress-the
meeting of the secretaries of the people's, and vocational
conferences, the trade unions and the associations. I
congratulate them on issuing this historic document,
which concerns not only Libyans, but will please every
man looking forward to liberation from oppression and
exploitation. Allow me also to express my profound
regret, for I have failed a second time to persuade
Libyans to abolish capital punishment. But, I pledge to
struggle for the abolition of the death penalty in the
Libyan Jamahiriyah [applause].
After having listened to this historic document I would
like to add, in my capacity as a jamahiri citizen with the
right to participate in making any additions, the follow-
ing words: I want the document to be named the Great
Green Document on .Human Rights in the Era of the
Masses Uamahir] [applause]. In actual fact, it is inevita-
ble that I should be truthful by saying that I have heard
this expression from a secretary of one of the interna-
tional or pan-Arab conferences who said it in this hall
[applause]. He mentioned this name and spoke out the
name of the Great Green Document. I second this
addition.
Reviewing this document, I believe that it needs deep
awareness at an international level. It is not easy to
understand and, perhaps, to benefit from, unless there is
deep awareness in understanding this document. Thus
we, all the free Libyan Arabs who have voiced this call,
should from,today, send emissaries to all parts of the
world to propagate and explain this document. This
document should enrich awareness of human rights and
duties.
From' today; we must send out official messages with
missionary delegations, to all parts of the world, to all
governments where oppressive and exploitive conditions
are to be found, which contradict this historic document.
We will mention them.
I want to stress to the world that this document is issued
on the 40th anniversary of the UN Declaration of
Human Rights. Forty years ago this UN Declaration of
Human Rights' was-issued and on this very anniversary
we- have decided; as a people, to promulgate this Great
Green Document in order to affirm that the Declaration
of Human Rights was a positive and important step in
the last 40 years. However, it dealt with traditional
rights, in accordance with the traditional concept of
government theory based on oppression and exploita-.
tion, where you find a government and a people, a ruler
and a ruled, a wage earner and an employer, a master and
a servant, masters and slaves.
The dynamic forces of good in the world issued the
Declaration of Human Rights in order to defend man's
natural rights in the light of government theory, and
therefore we find-the declaration extremely short on our
own concept of human rights 40 years later, when we are
on the threshold of a new era,, the era of the masses.
From today this Declaration of Human Rights will be
shelved. It will be regarded as a traditional declaration
because the masses marching toward power will, during
their march, take over all the opportunities which were
in?the hands of rulers under whom the masses called for
justice, equality, and consideration of their natural
rights. These masses do not now accept stopping with
that paper issued 40 years ago. This is the difference
between the Great Green Document on Human Rights
in the Era of the Masses and the UN Declaration of
Human Rights issued 40 years ago. Someone who has
not understood jamahiri theory and who has not had the
opportunity of acquiring jamahiri culture, misunder-
stands this document. This is the cause of the objections
and ambiguities I. heard in the speeches made by some
delegations, particularly the brother representatives
from Amnesty International who call for matters in the
UN Human Rights Declaration that have been tran-
scended by the historic document. According to tradi-
tional government theory, human rights revolved around
the right of man to elections, the right of women to
elections on the base of equality with man; the election of
whoever ruled them.
We are now in the era of the masses. The natural right is
that you govern yourself by yourself. Look at the differ-
ence between the conventional document and the mod-
ern document of the era of the masses. In the Jamahiri-
yah, we cannot now establish human rights and allow the
election of another, because now this human being can
rule himself by himself, without the need to elect another
human being. In the document, the document pronounc-
ing human rights, there existed at that time the wage
laborer, still under the shadow of governmental theory,
the wage laborer. He had the right; the laborer had the
right to strike in protest against the inadequacy of his
wage. Now, in conventional societies they consider
among the basic rights of a human being the right to
strike. In the era of the masses, in the system of the
masses, there is no employer or government for whom
this worker works and against whom he would protest by
striking. He rules himself by himself; he administers the
productive establishment by himself; or he rules himself
by himself, by virtue of his own effort or of a partnership
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with another. He does not strike by withholding his
labor. There is no-I mean-we would become a
(?laughing stock) if we decided that it is the worker's
right to strike. Strike against whom? The worker is now
presumed to be a partner in production, and he admin-
isters this establishment by way of a popular, workers'
administration. The producers administer the establish-
ments in which they work and the partners are equal
partners, and he who works for himself produces for
himself.
Thus, there is a great difference and a dangerous trans-
formation between the era in which human rights
emerged and the era of which we are on the threshold:
That is, the era of the masses where workers have been
transformed from wage laborers into partners. What is
now requested is that the worker become a partner and
not remain a wage laborer who has the right to strike
against his employer. That is basically rejected. The
employer is rejected and is anti-freedom. A human being
should not be permitted to be a wage laborer. You may
hire a car or a typewriter, but you cannot hire a human
being. We should not approve of a man being hired and
having the right-as if he is an animal-to strike against
the person who hired him because the wage is small. This
is why I say that this document requires awareness from
the living forces, even in the Jamahiriyah, which wants
to propogate this document all over the world.
I would like to reaffirm that the backbone of this
document is man's natural rights-something which the
international Declaration of Human Rights, which was
made 40 years ago, did not absorb or envisage or defend,
because it had not yet been thought. The Declaration of
Human Rights dealt with the situation that existed then,
an oppressive and exploitive situation, but it wanted to
maintain a minimum limit of human rights under the
auspices of government theory-the theory of oppres-
sion and exploitation.
The essence of this document is the right of man to his
sweat-the abolition of wages. This document rejects the
view-as the jamahiri stipulates-that everywhere in the
world man can be hired. Why is man in jamahiri society
something that cannot be hired? Because jamahiri soci-
ety, by virtue of the popular revolution, has become free.
Its sons have become free and thus have become capable
of sitting in the open air and deciding their own rights
and declaring them. When he is free without being
controlled by a government and without being repre-
sented by a deputy; when his rights are not exercised by
proxy; when he is not exploited by an owner; and when
he is free politically and socially and has his own destiny
in his own hands-then he can declare his rights freely.
Man's natural right is to what he gets from his own toil-
his sweat and his effort. Producers should be partners in
the production and not hired. This is what we want to tell
the world and declare today: the natural, basic, and
sacred right of man is to his own toil and sweat. Now,
such effort is being plundered everywhere in the world.
The toil is being taken away. The reward from such toil
is being transformed into surplus value and more hours
of overtime and money and commodities are taken away
by the owner of the work. The rights of man, which the
International Declaration of Human Rights spoke about
are superficial, but at that time were useful. But, we are
now standing on the threshold of the era of the masses
and heading toward fundamental, firm, and natural
rights.
We cannot talk about man's right to strike and forget his
fundamental right not to be hired to an owner so that he
can have the right to strike against him. Thus I say that
this document needs awareness by the forces which stand
to benefit from it throughout the world.
The second fundamental right of man, which like his
sweat and toil, should not be conceded, is the right to
self-determination. Every man, people, and nation have
a natural right to self-determination. Any attempt to
prevent man, people, or a nation from determining their
destiny the way they want should be resisted most
ferociously, and this is the sacred struggle. We want to
open the eyes of the world to the basic rights which were
ignored by the international Declaration of Human
Rights under the auspices of a backward and traditional
era, and which in classical and theoretical government-
ruled circumstances declare that there should be ruler
and ruled, master and servant, and owner and hired
hand. But we reject the ruler, the master, the owner. All
the resources that are in the hands of the ruler, the
master, and the owner should be in the hands of the
ordinary citizen.
As the Soviet delegate said yesterday when he spoke to
you here, either revolution should present beneficial and
new values and qualities to the ordinary man, or it will
not be a revolution. This is the true definition. Here the
revolution presents new values and merits for the ordi-
nary citizen. The ordinary man did not enjoy authority,
did not have the right to self-determination, or the right
to reap the benefit of his effort and toil. The popular
jamahiri revolution here-which should spread through-
out the world and which we will work to spread so that
man can determine his own destiny and reap his own
effort, as these are the rights which we should declare to
the world and propagate as from today-acknowledges
that the natural, basic, and fixed rights of man which
should not be conceded are the right of man to benefit
from his own toil, and self-determination. Wealth should
be restored to the ordinary people, who will use and
invest it by their own effort or by way of partnership
among them wihtout the presence of an owner of the
work. All the ordinary people should sit down and decide
their own destiny at popular conferences and within
people's committees.
I believe that the backbone of this document and the
main difference between it and the traditional interna-
tional Declaration of Human Rights of 40 years ago, lies
in the emphasis on the basic natural rights of man, which
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are not his right to strike, or to express his opinion, or to
protest against and criticize authority. We fundamen-
tally reject authority. We do not demand the right to
criticize authority. Authority in the free jamahiri society
should be in our hands. We reject those who rule us. We
reject the system of electing someone to rule us. We want
to rule ourselves by ourselves, by way of the popular
conferences and the people's committees.
I want to note some points of comparison between the
traditional Declaration of Human Rights and this Great
Green Document, between the conventional era and the
era of the masses, and between the theory of rule based
on the existence of government and the jamahiri theory,
under the auspices of which both the international
Declaration of Human Rights and the Great Green
Document were issued.
As for the points which the Amensty International
representative submitted to you, we in the Jamahiriyah,
having gone beyond all these superficialities, should not
hesitate from a superficial viewpoint to ratify any of
these documents. Henceforth, any of these documents is
regarded 'as signed by the Libyan Jamahiriyah-those
documents that he mentioned by name: the optional
protocol attached to the international pact regarding
political and civil rights. He drew attention to para-
graphs 9 and 14 of that pact. This should be taken into
consideration. As regards the Jamahiriyah, any of its
representatives abroad at these international levels
should sign them without hesitation.
On this occasion, we should tell all the governments of
the world that unless they demolish prisons and free
those prisoners whom we think entered prison not
because of their own deviation, but because of the
deviation of the exploitative society; those who entered
prison because of need, as a result of exploitation; and
those who entered prison as a result of rebellion against
the repression practiced against them. [sentence as
heard) In'the United States there are tens of thousands of
prisoners, but they are black, why? Thus, deviation is not
among the blacks. It is the deviation of a society which
differentiates between black and white. As a result of
racial discrimination in the United States, and as a result
of poverty and need, they were compelled to commit
practices which are deemed criminal by that govern-
ment. They were put in prison and transferred to the
death chamber. Thus, today we have the right to appoint
ourselves advocate for all those in prison in the world
and to strongly defend them. Our case is strong and the
case of those governments is weak because they have
wasted thousands of those people as a result of repres-
sion and exploitation..
Most of the world's prisoners are divided into two
categories: political prisoners and ordinary criminals.
Concerning the political category-this is a sign of the
march of the masses toward power. If a country is ruled
by an individual, the other individuals have the right to
aspire to the power enjoyed by one individual. This must
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not lead a person to jail. This is a natural orientation, to
attain the jamhiri society where everybody has power. If
a party rules, other parties have the right to contest the
power held by it and to share this power with it. If
matters reach the point of a group of parties ruling in a
front or an alliance, then other fronts have the right to
struggle, march with, and share power with the other
fronts.
If only one group of people rule, then others have the
right to aspire to power and to be partners in it. These
attempts by an individual, or broad masses, to march
toward power are considered to be rebellion, conspiracy
and treason. Thus, even before establishing people's
power, we have pardoned people here. We found a
justification for it. If an individual rules, then someone
would say: Why should I not rule? If a group of officers
rule, then another group of officers say: Why should we
not rule? These are logical justifications.
But once the people take power, then plotting begins
with attempts to usurp power and wealth from the
people; to take away from every individual his natural
right to the fruits of his own efforts and his right to
self-determination. Therefore, all political prisoners in
the world express the new phenomenon, the jamahiri
phenomenon. They are vanguards in the era of the
masses. They want to have power and those after them to
have power, until everybody has power. The base must
reach the summit, and the continuous struggle which is
now underway will not stop midway. The pyramidal
shape is bound to become linear with the arrival of the
base to the summit of power. Then, it will become
circular with the establishment of people's congresses
and people's committees, like these circles now in front
of me in this hall, Freedom Hall.
We urge all the governments of the world that have
political prisoners to release them and review their cases
because they are victims of oppression-the oppression
that imposes a group of individuals in power and
deprives the rest. All political prisoners are victims of
oppression in the world because the theory now in force
is the theory of oppression and exploitation.
Another category of prisoners in the world try to attain
their right to the wealth of their country. They want the
fruits of their efforts to return to them; they want to
enjoy the fruit of their efforts. But exploitation deprives
them of this. They are considered to be thieves, robbers,
highwaymen, guilty of assault and killing, because they
want to take over wealth. This wealth is in fact their's.
The thief is the feudalist, the exploiter who took over this
wealth. All these prisoners are in fact innocent. The
crime is not their's. It is that of the society which
sanctions exploitation. They are the victims of the nat-
ural struggle, so that mankind can enjoy the fruits of his
effort. They are victims of exploitation! This is the
second category of prisoners in the world. Normal crimes
are the result of unjust relationships. A black who kills a
white in the United States is not a criminal. The society
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which sanctions racial separation is responsible. This
black is an American who considers the United States to
be his country. So how is it that he cannot enjoy his
rights on an equal footing with that other person, even if
he were white? Racism is criminal. The state which
institutionalizes this racist regime is criminal. It is the
one which should be tried and put in prison and it is the
one which should be executed. [applause]
These calls will, in the end, triumph. This Green Docu-
ment will, in the end, become an international constitu-
tion. This stems not only from self-confidence, as far as
we are concerned, but the march of history and human
civilization tells us this. They are now following the
religion of the Messiah whom they tried to kill and
whom they thought they had crucified. It was under the
shadow of the Roman state, which used to rule the
Middle and Far East-up to Europe-that the Messiah
was persecuted. It was there where they decided to kill
him because he was a pariah, an infidel, a shepherd, and
poor. They accused him of being a charlatan and of
wanting to corrupt the people. They conspired against
him, and they conscripted one of his disciples, No 13.
That is why Europe, Europe today and the entire Chris-
tian world, which conscripted No 13, in order to elimi-
nate this saint, this prophet, now consider the number 13
to be a bad omen! Why? Because Disciple No 13 was the
one who informed them of the whereabouts of the
Messiah that night. They thought that they had arrested
him and killed him. Can you imagine? The nations
which had conspired with No 13 in order to kill the
Messiah have now come to hate the number IT After
this persecuted one, this poor one, this unfortunate one,
whom they conspired against and conscripted one of his
disciples-had triumphed-is this [word indistinct], to
cross out the number 13 in Europe. We do not have that
because we did not conspire against the Messiah and,
consequently, we do not have a problem with the num-
ber 13. [Al-Qadhdhafi laughs and is applauded]
So the calls which come from the East, from these poor
countries, from the shepherds, the poor, the persecuted,
the oppressed, and those whom others want to kill and
hang, will ultimately triumph. The day will come when
there will be a generation who will adopt the Third
World theory and the Green Book and curse the impe-
rialists who did that, just as Europe now curses Disciple
No 13.
We want on this historic day-the day when the inter-
national document, the Great Green Document on
Human Rights in the Era of the Masses, has been
issued-to provide the world with astonishing facts. I
have not made these up myself, but they were presented
to me in reports from reliable sources. They show the
ugliness and heinousness being experienced by man in
the United States and Europe. I have before me infor-
mation and figures, as well as an international bulletin
from Amnesty International which contains facts, pho-
tographs, and names-proven 100 percent-which make
one shudder. These are practiced by the U.S. Adminis-
tration against its own citizens, especially the blacks.
Thus, Amnesty International wrote that the death pen-
alty in the United States is racially motivated and unjust
and in violation of international agreements. Amnesty
International added that in the United States there are a
record number of prisoners on death row. And that there
is an island called Devil Island, which is crowded with
prisoners who have been placed in jails by the U.S.
Administration. The majority of these prisoners are
blacks.
I am reading from the Amnesty International bulletin.
This bulletin is not Libyan. This bulletin produced by an
international organization is full of ugly information and
photographs. Amnesty International says that there are
savage executions by the electric chair, gas, poison, and
hanging, of young people and those who suffer from
psychological illnesses. This is internationally banned.
This means that the U.S. Administration hangs young
people who have not reached the legal age, 18, and
executes those who are psychologically ill if they commit
a crime. It executes women, even pregnant women,
whose execution is banned and whose execution should
be postponed until they have given birth. This document
shows the victims of such executions, by the electric
chair, gas, poison, injection. It ' shows the pregnant
women and the psychologically ill who were executed.
The document gives their names and addresses. It shows
that they were either blacks or from the minorities.
Those executions were carried out as a result of racial
discrimination. The document shows the young peo-
ple-children who were 16-who were executed. It
shows all these in pictures. The document shows the
crimes which they were compelled to commit as a result
of exploitation and oppression. But, nevertheless, they
were executed. The document shows a picture of the
electric chair, the gas chamber, the killer injections.
This is a happy black family. [video shows Al-Qadhdhafi
turning page of document] The husband and wife are
laughing; the children are happy and laughing. The
husband was executed. He was sentenced to death. He
feared for his family. He was compelled to kill his family
so that they would not suffer hunger after him. That used
to be a happy family, but the matter ended in tragedy.
That was caused by life in the United States: oppression
and exploitation. A diabolical society, which has no
relationship with humanity. It has no relationship even
with the era in which the international Declaration of
Human Rights was issued some 40 years ago. This is why
Amnesty International is requesting and begging the
U.S. Administration to observe the minimum limit of
humanity and apply, at the very minimum, the interna-
tional Declaration of Human Rights.
It was inevitable that this document was translated into
several languages, but as from today we will participate
in its translation into all languages so that the United
States-this devil which practices the ugliest crimes
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against man, especially those who belong to other nation-
alities, and this devil who alleges that it speaks for
human rights while deceiving the world-can be
silenced. The United States talks about human rights
while it annihilates and executes pregnant women, chil-
dren, and those suffering from psychological illnesses. Its
executions are racially and sexually biased. All these
executions are in defense of racism. People are executed
for the simplest of crimes. The document contains a
picture of the killer injection, the electric chair, the gas
chamber, and names of the people who were executed.
This is information which is totally verified and issued
by this neutral organization. I want to tell the Amnesty
International representative here to enlist me as a sub-
scriber to the organization, in order to be one of its
members. [applause]
The other information this documents contains is very
frightening. In New York, this document says, there are
24,000 cells, all of which are filled with inmates. The
majority of these inmates are either colored or blacks.
This means that one of the United States has 24,000
cells, each housing one person. Devil's Island, which is
located north of New York, contains the largest U.S.
prison complex, which houses 10,000 prisoners. In this
state alone, every year more than 250,000 people are
arrested. Companies have been established in the United
States and Western Europe trading in prisoners; compa-
nies that undertake the imprisonment and maintenance
of inmates in return for money. This operation has
become a flourishing business in the United States.
These companies were first set up in Los Angeles,
California. These are irrefutable facts. They are very
frightening as far as the world's conscience is concerned.
There is information in this document relating to funda-
mental human rights, not to those so-called rights in
which they trade. Experiments are conducted on prison-
ers in the United States and Britain. There is also
unemployment. The report says that there are more than
100 million unemployed in the industrial countries. The
right to work is one of the fundamental human rights.
The authorities should find employment for the person
first, then acknowledge his right to strike. In their
countries, however, a person cannot find employment,
let ' alone strike. Poverty is another problem. In the
United States and other Western countries, there are 33
million people living below the poverty line, including
11 million children. In these countries, each citizen pays
70 percent of his income in taxes for the manufacture of
weapons.
Then there is the arms trade, which spreads war through-
out the world and finds flourishing markets for this
commodity produced by the exploiting companies at the
expense of mankind. People are being killed by these
weapons in return for the money obtained from export-
ing these arms. Arms sales have amounted to 15.5 billion
[currency not specified]. The report says that 60 percent
of France's weapons production is exported. In return,
France received $4 billion annually: Fifteen percent of
the arms purchases by Third World countries come from
France, and $4 billion of France's income results from
the sale of weapons. In this case, this state will continue
to manufacture the means of destruction in order to
obtain hard currency.
The report says that blacks in Britain are treated like
3d-class and sometimes 4th-class human beings. They
are allocated all the dirty jobs and jobs constituting
health hazards without having the right to refuse because
otherwise they will not find a job to keep themselves
alive. We demand from these governments-and will
send delegations and messages to all parts of the world-
the abolition of execution by the electric chair, injection,
or gas, and the abolition of hard labor and imprisonment
that degrades the human spirit, long-term imprisonment.
In the United States they may sentence a 50-year-old
man, for example, to 100 years in prison. This is what
the court says. The judge issues his verdict by saying: We
have sentenced you to 100 years in prison. The judge
knows that the man will not live that long, but this is to
harm the person's spirit, to break and degrade it at the
very moment the verdict is announced. Look at this
method! A U.S. citizen who used to work in Libya was
regarded as having violated orders by Reagan. He is 60
years old and he was sentenced to 95 years in prison. His
name is known; all the international press wrote about
him. Why do they sentence him to 95 years in prison
when he is 60 years old, knowing that he will not live that
long? Their intention was to insult him and to harm his
spirit at the very moment sentence was passed.
A human's right is his right to work. We demand that the
United States and the Western countries take care of the
poor and unemployed, find work for man. This is his
right: to live and remain alive. His right to work means
his right to live, not his right to die. This is denied to the
human.
By this document, by setting up the international center
and forming the world's peoples front hostile to imperi-
alism and fascism, to racism and Zionism-which is
composed of all free peoples and revolutionary govern-
ments of the world, and also of the liberation movements
and revolutionary individuals-the entire Devil's Island,
which is in the United States and not the only island of
that name north of New York, will be exposed, and it will
be exposed from within. Crimes more abominable than
those committed by Hitler will be revealed. We will reval
to the world that the U.S. Administration is an evil mill
that grinds human beings, consuming the fruits of their
efforts, grinding their bones, and sucking their blood to
preserve imperialism, which threatens all peoples.
The peoples who feel this threat are forced to unite their
efforts in a single world front to contain and eliminate
this evil. Hence, the United States is exerting every effort
to check this march of the peoples, and particularly their
vanguards. It is throwing all its weight behind racist
Zionism in Palestine to eliminate the people of Palestine
and the peoples backing them, such as the Lebanese,
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Syrians, Jordanians, and Egyptians. It was able to
exclude Egypt from the support and backing of the
Palestinian people by force. At present, it is doing its
utmost, day and night, to prevent the Lebanese people
from supporting the Palestinian people. It is preparing
for the destruction of Syria so that it will finish this
adversary on the northern front.
All of this is because of U.S. policy, arms, and decisions.
It is an evil mill intending to grind all peoples who seek
liberation. For if the peoples were liberated, there would
be no plants from which this poisonous insect could feed.
If the people were liberated, how would imperialism feed
itself? Its evil and cancerous roots spread everywhere. It
wants to build bases and passages and to stretch its legs
into the Gulf of Sidra. This is an octopus, a cancer
reaching to the Gulf of Sidra and to the Indian Ocean on
Diego Garcia. It wants to reach the Philippines, the stars,
and the planets. Look at this cancer. All the peoples have
been harmed by this cancer and it is their right to strike
it anywhere.
When the Philippines fights it is not at Libya's instiga-
tion. They talk about the New People's Army and its
relations with Libya. What relations does it have with
Libya? Their cause is Libya's concern because there is a
cancer extending to the Philippines and Libya wants to
eradicate it. The Japanese Red Army; they say what has
this Army got to do with Libya? This Army-the Japa-
nese people-want to avenge themselves, Hiroshima,
and Nagasaki, the two cities the United States destroyed
with atomic bombs. This Red Army was created by that
atomic exlosiion in Hiroshima. These are the sons of the
Japanese people avenging that incident. The United
States avenged itself by attacking Japan with atomic
bombs after Japan had attacked Pearl Harbor. As a result
of that attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States sped up
the manufacture of the atomic bomb. It wanted to
punish Japan, so it hit Japan with these bombs, but the
violence the United States used in its attempt to punish
Japan gave birth to the Japanese Red Army to avenge
that atomic strike. The Japanese Red Army existed
before we came to power, before the revolution was
staged in Libya. Hiroshima was hit before the revolution
was staged in Libya and before Libya became indepen-
dent. They want to falsify the facts. All peoples, includ-
ing the U.S. people, have suffered from this hellish mill.
No U.S. official representative can boast about human
rights. All people who happen to be sitting in a hall when
such a representative begins to speak about human rights
should leave the hall or hit him with shoes, if they have
shoes, at the very moment he, the U.S. representative,
begins to talk about human rights. [applause] Who
enables racism to extend itself from South Africa against
the confrontation states and the people of Namibia? We
have here with us the representative of the Namibian
people [applause], the hero Nujoma. This man suffers
from U.S. oppression. He is fighting South Africa, but
U.S. imperialism is behind South Africa. U.S. imperial-
ism does not want to see a new people free. [applause]
His children, his people, and himself are victims of the
U.S. denial of a people's right to live freely and indepen-
dently on the land of their fathers and grandfathers. At
his side is Yasir `Arafat, who is homeless and pursued
[applause] He and his people are victims of the U.S.
imperialist policy because the United States does not
want a free people on Palestinian soil from the river to
the sea. The United States wants a foothold, a cat's claw,
a spearhead, a bridgehead in what is called Israel, which
is falsely and maliciously present on the Palestinian soil,
on the debris of the Palestinian people. When he fights
against the United States for self-defense, he is called a
terrorist. Why should he fight against the United States?
Why does the United States exterminate this people?
When Nujoma fights against the United States, he is
called a terrorist, but who is the terrorist? It is the one
who murdered his people, made them homeless, and
prevented them from enjoying independence. The sons
of Hiroshima will revenge Hiroshima. The United States
calls this terrorism.
Terrorism must be declared beginning today, and since
our argument is strong, we must convince the world of
this. There is only one terrorism, which is the official
state terrorism practiced by the United States, practiced
by Zionism in Palestine. Terrorism is the official terror-
ism carried out by a powerful state against another state
or group. Groups or individuals demanding their rights
and being oppressed by a more powerful force; this is
terrorism. Hijacking, hostage-taking, murder, etcetera;
these are loathsome, hated crimes to which we are
opposed, but they are simply crimes, like robbery,
assault, banditry, kidnapping, etcetera. These are crimes.
Terrorism, however, means the stronger terrorizing the
weaker. These weak people who currently are fighting;
one cannot call their actions terrorism. Terrorism comes
from someone strong imposing himself on someone
weak, terrorizing him psychologically or physically, by
military or economic force, by psychological warfare.
What is being practiced by the United States and the
Zionist entity is terrorism. We should not have any other
definition of terrorism apart form this. We will convince
the world of this.
Hitler used to think that he would achieve victory.. He
was an oppressor and his force was the most powerful on
Earth, but the peoples allied against him and he came to
an end. The United States now is as tyrannical as Hitler.
It believes it is the strongest, but power of this sort is
weakness in itself. It will come to an end; this is inevi-
table. Let the United States say what it likes. Let it say
that this is terrorism. [applause]
Have I been too fast for the interpreter? He has not asked
me to slow down a little. I want to conclude because the
people are tired. I am pleased with the abolishment of
hard labor and very pleased with the fact that the Libyan
people have abolished this hated punishment. [applause]
I am pleased to see that the Libyan people have nar-
rowed imprisonment toa minimum, as in this historic
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document the Libyan people have stated that imprison-
ment will be imposed on the person whose freedom may
constitute a danger or corruption to others. That is all.
Any person whose freedom does not constitute a danger
or corruption to others will not be imprisoned. This is
the minimum for the application of prison punishment.
This is a great victory for freedom. This is because in the
past-including prisons in Libya and until the issuance
of this document-prisons used to have a wide margin.
They were not confined to those whose freedom consti-
tuted a danger or corruption to others. Prisons through-
out the world, and in Libya as well, used to enjoy such a
margin, a margin that should remain no longer.
Also, despite the fact that I am very sorry to see that the
Libyan people did not approve the abolition of capital
punishment as a whole, I would like to express my
happiness that today in Libya the death sentence, follow-
ing the issuance of this document, is not what it used to
be. Now the death sentence, despite the fact that it has
not been abolished totally, has become very narrow in its
framework and has been nearly abolished. I will struggle,
God willing, to see the remainder abolished, too.
[applause] The death penalty now will be imposed on a
person whose life constitutes a danger or corruption to
society. Previously, even in Libya, a person used to be
hanged if his liberty constituted a danger, but if only his
liberty constitutes a danger, then he can be imprisoned.
Now a person whose life constitutes a danger or corrup-
tion to the society will be executed. This is the minimum.
It will be very rare. I am also pleased that the Libyan
people have been able to reaffirm very important issues
in this document: the banning of secret activities because
such activities are conspiratorial and cannot be justified
in a society in which all members exercise authority, are
partners in the wealth, and receive training in arms.
What meaning does underground work have in a society
in which the people's conferences are held in the open air
and decides collectively, what its individuals want? In
this document, the Libyan people also have banned
conspiracies with foreigners, which is hated, dirty behav-
ior. Those who have done this have fallen to the bottom
of ignominy by conspiring against their country with a
hostile foreign power. Any man who colludes with a
foreign power is a base, dirty man, who brings shame on
his family, tribe, people, and nation. He satisfies the
enemies. Furthermore, he degrades himself before those
enemies with whom he has collaborated.
The Libyan people also have banned the use of force.
[Al-Qadhdhafi pauses in his speech, as video shows a
number of young girls entering the hall.] We will wait a
bit until these buds take their places. [The girls are shown
sitting down on the floor in the middle of the hall, to
applause. They are instructed to sit still because there are
dignitaries behind them, like their Uncles `Arafat and
Nujoma; more applause] The human being in jamahiri
society should be free to practice his political, religious,
or any other beliefs everywhere. If he wishes to convince
others, he must do so in a democratic way. To resort to
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the use of force or threats if you fail to convince them,
because your idea was wrong or was rejected, is a
forbidden act. It is destructive and endangers democ-
racy, and should be crushed for the benefit of the
people's democracy and freedom. Everyone expresses
what he wants and brings up whatever he wants in the
people's congress, and he enjoys all his convictions. To
resort to the secretive work because you cannot proclaim
something because it is hated and rejected, thus surpris-
ing unaware people, and to seek power with which to
impose your ideas, all of this is oppression, colonization,
and injustice. It is imperative to eliminate the initiator
because he wants to kill freedom.
I am pleased that the Libyan people have managed to
recognize and confirm these facts. Another significant
issue is that the Libyan people have banned the exploi-
tation of religion. This is a very sensitive question.
Religion is a metaphysical and spiritual issue related to
faith in the oneness of God, metaphysics, and social
behavior-namely, ethics. If we involved religion in
politics, economics, power, and authority, we would be
exploiting a sensitive spiritual, metaphysical, and ethical
issue, and involving it in areas that are not of its nature.
This a question that touches all of us. We do not allow
anyone to play with our beliefs, exploit them, or form a
party for them. If you want to call upon the people to
adhere to religion, you can do so openly, but if you want
to change the religion and become a god, you must be
killed because God must remain one. If there are other
gods, they must be killed. One who comes and says that
fasting must go on for 40 days and not 30 must be killed
because this means he is claiming to be a god and is
imposing a new religion on us. As there is but one God,
how could we accept him as another god alongside ours?
If someone says you must pray 10 times, or carry your
weights and walk for 20 km every 40 days, this is heresy.
Heresy is straying from the path and the one who
commits it is destined to the fire. God will send 'him to
the fire, not us.
I, in actual fact, in the name of the popular masses-
members of the popular conferences and people's com-
mittees, who made this document with total freedom
and without mandate or trusteeship, in the open air, and
in the name of the movement of revolutionary commit-
tees-in the era which motivates these masses and
instigates the masses to exercise their authority and to
resist oppression and exploitation-would like to thank,
in your name, all the international delegations that
shared with us this noteworthy day, which has come to
crown our victory over U.S. imperialism and the demo-
lition of its five bases in our country-yesterday's anni-
versary. [applause] We are, in fact, very pleased and
happy because we are celebrating the anniversary of our
victory over U.S. imperialism and the demolition of its
bases, which U.S. imperialism thought would remain
forever on Libyan land. These are the same calculations
U.S. imperialist policy is making today, calculations that
are always wrong, as U.S. imperialist policy does not
make allowances for the unknown and unseen, or the
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effectiveness of the people. U.S. imperialistic policy
always thought it would stay on this land, but now we are
celebrating the demolition of its bases in 1970. The
United States is now very angry and wants to return to
these bases. It provokes us in the Gulf of Sidra and wants
to conduct exercises there because the Gulf of Sidra used
to be under its control when it was semi-occupying
Libya. When we became masters in Libya it denied us
our right to extend our sovereignty over the Gulf of
Sidra. When it used to be the master over Libya before
the revolution, it used to extend its sovereignty over the
Gulf of Sidra. When we demolished its bases on Libyan
soil and it was forced to move them to Europe it wanted
to take from us the Gulf of Sidra to cut off part of the
homeland that used to be under its sovereignty.
This was exposed at the Algiers summit. In closed
sessions the Arab rulers were candid with each other in
an unprecedented and uncustomary way. [applause]
Despite the fact that I fear for them lest harm befall them
at U.S. hands, we stand by them and they should
shoulder their responsibilities. It was proven to me,
brothers, that there is no Arab ruler who loves the United
States! [applause] Kings, presidents, princes, and sul-
tans-some of whom were regarded as being pro-U.S.-
in closed meetings were utterly critical of the U.S.
[laughter and applause] It became apparent that the
United States is hated even by the people whom we used
to think as friends who loved it.
A speech written by King Husayn, which he personally
read page by page at a secret closed session, exposed the
United States. It undressed the United States, taking off
even the fig leaf. [applause] King Husayn told the
summit that my country is situated in the heart of the
turmoil and the axis of U.S. conspiracies and moves. He
added that the U.S. has no role to play in the Middle East
except helping the Zionist entity, and that Arabs should
not look for anything good from the United States
because its only role is to support and consolidate the
Zionist entity. He said the United States does not put
forward peace plans or initiatives, or makes moves,
unless there is danger threatening the Zionist entity, and
now the U.S. secretary of state is taking action because
the uprising in the occupied territories is threatening the
Zionist entity. [applause and anti-U.S. cheers]
A third fact [as heard] is that the United States gives to
the Zionist entity with generosity and without limit.
Consequently, Arab assistance is requested for Jordan
and the confrontation states which is equal to this
unlimited and generous support, as he described it, of
the United States for the Zionist entity.
In fact, I was surprised when I saw in the closed sessions
how many Arab rulers hate the United States, how many
complain about it, and the extent to which it constitutes
a nightmare for them. That they look forward to being
rid of this is something that bodes well. If this is the way
with the rulers, then what of the sentiments of the
youths, the generation of anger, and the working masses
with regard to the United States?
A number of them came to me and told me: What you
say openly in your official speeches is similar to what we
say in our closed meetings, and here you have seen in this
closed session we have agreed with you. [laughter]
Indeed, there are new and young personalities who
represent new blood and a fresh impetus for the collec-
tive Arab action and who have added new vitality to the
summit, such as Zine El Abidine [Ben Ali, president of
Tunisia], I mean the new Tunisia [applause] and the
Yemens-North and South. Actually, they were a kind
of youth who gave the summit a great push. [applause]
I would like to express gratitude and deep thanks,
through Dr Miftah and the Permanent Secretariat of the
General People's Congress, and through the general
people's congresses and people's committees, for this
medal, which is an honor to me and to my colleagues.
[applause] I do not consider it a personal achievement,
but a symbol of this great act, the triumph of freedom,
and a confirmation of this historic day, more than a
personal matter. However, I ask your permission to
allow me to award medals to the brave and honest men,
officers, soldiers, and revolutionaries [applause] who
created the revolution with me, and who later fought
with me in defense of this revolution until the establish-
ment of the people's authority. We have reached the day
whereby the Libyans, men and women, sit in the open air
to decide their destiny and issue statements and docu-
ments of great influence for the future of all humanity.
This is a great glory for the Libyan Arab people from all
peoples. This stage, which was not expected by us or by
the outside world, was arrived at by this great people as
a result of the historic deed, the Great Al-Fatih. I did not
undertake this on my own, but as the head of a move-
ment of brave officers and valiant soldiers, and later
convoys of revolutionaries and those thirsty for freedom
and the defense of it who kept joining us, and those who,
had they been in the Army or at the age of work at the
time, would have joined the movement of the free
unionist officers. [applause]
Allow me to grant medals and awards to all the men. By
men, I mean everyone who walks on two feet, male or
female. A guard is anyone who guards, whether male or
female. If I say men, I mean both sexes, and if I say
guard, I mean the same thing for the jamahiri society.
Allow me to grant these men medals and awards as an
extension of this medal you gave me. I have the right to
give classes of it to convoys of revolutionaries who
sacrificed, worked hard day and night, and stood
bravely.
Brothers, always from the East comes the sun of free-
dom. The East is the land of inspiration, of prophets, and
the birthplace of great civilizations. The poor, shepherds,
desert inhabitants, and those who were evicted and
tortured are the ones who afterward changed history
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ARAB AFRICA
through their ideas and theories. As the father of history,
Herodotus said: From Libya comes the new. This is
something new from Libya. Forward! The struggle con-
tinues!
Al-Qadhdhafi Returns From Arab Summit in Algiers
LD1006224188 Tripoli Voice of Greater Arab
Homeland in Arabic 2015 GMT 10 Jun 88
[Excerpt] Mu'ammar al-Qadhdhafi, brother leader and
revolutionary, the custodian of Arab nationalism,
arrived at Baninah International Airport this evening
after taking part in the emergency Arab summit confer-
ence in Algiers.
The brother leader was accorded a great jamahiri wel-
come, during which the crowd chanted: Long live the
Great Al-Fatih Revolution and its leader, expressing
great pride and honor in the brother leader's ever grow-
ing and effective role on the road to Arab national unity,
and in his triumph for freedom all over the world.
The brother leader was welcomed at Baninah Interna-
tional Airport by Colonel [rank as heard] Mustafa al-
Kharrubi, inspector general of the Libyan Arab Armed
Forces; the secretary and members of the General Peo-
ple's Committee; the secretary of the Banghazi Popular
Congress; the secretaries of the popular congresses and
popular committees of Banghazi; and a number of offic-
ers of the Libyan Arab Armed Forces. [passage omitted]
Anti-Israeli Egyptian Official Fired For Remarks
NC1006 1 74 788 Tripoli Voice of Greater Arab
Homeland in Arabic 1715 GMT 10 Jun 88
[Text] The Egyptian Foreign Ministry has dismissed
Ambassador Taha al-Farnawani, director of the Pales-
tine Department, in view of what the ministry termed his
hostile statements against the Zionist enemy in occupied
Palestine.
The Egyptian newspaper AL-WAFD has reported that
the Zionists have sent a memorandum to the Egyptian
Foreign Ministry protesting statements Al-Farnawani
has made to the Egyptian and Arab press condemning
the Zionist enemy.
The Egyptian Foreign Ministry noted that Al-Farna-
wani's statements express his own views and decided to
dismiss him from his post as director of the Palestine
Department, a post he has held for 7 years.
Sudan
Authorities Take Measures After Bombings
JN1206125988 Khartoum SUNA in Arabic 1012 GMT
12 Jun 88
Citing the security forces, the newspaper said that orders
had been issued to those people to leave the country
immediately. Sudanese embassies abroad received
orders to take certain measures in granting entry visas to
Sudan. Strict measures were also taken at ports and
airports to prevent the entry of any suspicious elements.
It appears that these intensified security measures were
taken as a result of the Acropole Hotel and the Sudanese-
British club incidents in which five people, including
some foreigners, were killed.
Omdurman Says 380 Rebels Killed in Akobo Relief
EA 1206164188 Omdurman Domestic Service in Arabic
1400 GMT 12 Jun 88
[From Press Review]
[Text] The General Command of the People's Armed
Forces has said that the Armed Forces scored a new
victory yesterday over the rebel movement when the
vanguards of Badr forces broke the siege which the rebels
had attempted to impose on Akobo and entered the
town. The statement said that our Armed Forces entered
the town at 1500 the day before yesterday (10 June) after
crushing the rebel groups which were concentrated in the
(Kayboy) area. There was fierce fighting on 9 June which
lasted for 8 hours.
The Armed Forces statement added: Our forces inflicted
losses on the rebels amounting to 380 killed, including
two officers with the ranks of lieutenant colonel and
lieutenant. Our forces also captured 60 Kalashnikov
rifles and one 82mm mortar, as well as a large quantity of
ammunition yet to be counted. The command said 10 of
our forces were martyred and 30 wounded.
Four Mosad Agents Reportedly Arrested
JN1006142688 Dubayy AL-BA YAN in Arabic
8 Jun 88 pp 1, 14
[Text] Amman-AL-BAYAN has learned that the Tuni-
sian security authorities have recently arrested four
Israeli Mosad agents who were gathering information
about PLO leaders in Tunisia.
Reliable Palestinian sources told AL-BAYAN that two of
them admitted entering the houses of Fatah Central
Committee member Hayil `Abd al-Hamid, Alias Abu
Hawl, and Palestinian Samid establishment President
Ahmad Quray', Alias Abu `Ala`.
[Text] Khartoum, 12 Jun (SUNA).-The independant
newspaper AL-AYYAM said that the security services
have recently deported 20 foreigners of Arab origin
whom they considered suspicious.
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ARAB AFRICA
The sources said that one member of the Mosad group was Doctor Advises President Ben Ali To Rest
using a transparent plastic mask on the face and a wig on LD1306122888 Tunis Domestic Service in Arabic
his head, which completely changed his complexion. 1200 GMT 13 Jun 88
The sources said that the Tunisian and Palestinian [Text] The presidency has issued the following state-
security authorities kept the news of the arrest of the four ment: Following the intensive activity carried out by the
agents secret in the hope that more of their colleagues president of the Republic recently and owing to exhaus-
could captured, but the Mosad discovered the arrest and tion, his personal doctor has advised him to rest for a few
refrained from sending other agents for the time being. days.
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