AL-QADHDHAFI ADDRESSES TERRORISM SEMINAR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP05-01559R000400430030-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: February 2, 2012
• Sequence Number: 30
• Publication Date: April 13, 1988
• Content Type: OPEN SOURCE

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FBIS-NES-88-073
15 April 1988
Routouang Yoma Golom is appointed minister of labor
and employment.
(Ider Oumar Mahamed Sale) is appointed minister of
livestock and water supplies.
Pierre Tokinon is appointed secretary of state for public
works, housing, and town planning.
(Vamou Moussayi) is appointed secretary of state for
public health.
Article 2. The present decree will be registered and
published in the Official Gazette of the Republic.
Israelis Reportedly Training Troops in Zaire
AB150947 (Clandestine) Bardai Chadian National
Radio in French 1800 GMT 14 Apr 88
[Text] According to first-hand reports, Israeli military
experts are training Chadian troops in Zaire in order to
send them to Chad. The mission assigned to these troops
is to assist the Ndjamena forces.
Libya
Al-Qadhdhafi Addresses Terrorism Seminar
LD141241 Tripoli Television Service in Arabic
1645 GMT 13 Apr 88
[Speech by Mu'ammar al-Qadhdhafi to a terrorism sem-
inar in Tripoli-live]
[Text] In the name of God. Ladies and gentlemen, I
welcome you to the Socialist People's Libyan Arab
Jamahiriyah, the permanent headquarters of this orga-
nization, the Permanent Secretariat of the Progressive
Socialists Organization, and other fighting organizations
in the world.
Let me express my gratitude for your decision to hold
this conference. As is customary on such occasions, this
conference should be, opened by the head of state.
However, as you already know, I am not a president.
Nevertheless, because this meeting is important and
because I highly appreciate it, I am opening it. In the
name of the international center, the pan-Arab com-
mand of revolutionary forces, and the 1 September
Revolution, I welcome you.
Along with you, I am attending on the basis, as I already
said, that this conference is (?a militant one). It performs
one of the international activities which we try to do in
order to guide, (?exploit), and create an international
basis for the creation of an international, popular, anti-
imperialist, antiracist and, anti-Zionist front-one
opposing all forms of persecution, injustice, and high-
handedness.
We are standing on the soil of the Jamahiriyah over
which the outlines of the international movement began
to take shape for the purpose of fighting the common
enemy of freedom and the enemy of people who aspire to
freedom. For this reason, these anti-people forces have
emerged as forces which are bent on domination, high-
handedness, and exploitation. Two years ago-on a day
like tomorrow-these forces gathered all their evil pow-
ers and carried out a tyrannical aggression on this base in
an attempt to strike at the center of the international
struggle, which is forging its way forward without having
been affected by these ferocious and failed attempts.
The air and naval aggression carried out 2 years ago
tomorrow by the Atlantic alliance, led by the United
States, was not directed against me personally because I
am so and so, or against my family because it consists of
a group of children, or against families that reside on Ibn
`Ashur Street, or in Benghazi. It is clear that the aggres-
sion was directed against all people that struggle against
this fierce enemy.
It was an attempt to abort the international action whose
labor pains began on this soil. The U.S. aggression,
which relied on the Atlantic alliance and into which
Europe and Britain channeled all their resources for its
success, was in actual fact directed against all of you;
against peace; against freedom; against every nation
struggling for independence, freedom, and liberation. If
the modern U.S. planes and the laser-guided bombs were
directed at my bedroom, or tent, or office, or Ibn `Ashur
Street and the streets of Benghazi, it is because they
believe that here there is an embodiment of the interna-
'tional struggle. By striking this base, the people and their
aspirations to freedom are hit everywhere. The proof of
this is that all the people who staged demonstrations,
who were angered by this aggression, who revolted and
embarked on the killing of U.S. and British soldiers and
attacked their bases on a number of continents since that
day, and who still pursue them, felt that that blow was
directed against them.
All the liberation movements took part in military
activities against imperialism on that day and they still
'do because they believe that that aggression was directed
at the international liberation movement. Individuals of
unknown identity-we did not know them at all-
carried out revenge operations against U.S. and British
imperialism and the NATO alliance. Throughout the last
2 years the imperialists have not escaped the vengeance
of these unknown individuals. Even though we do not
know them and we have no direct connection with them,
these unknown individuals believed that this aggression
was directed at them.
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What we conclude from this is that no matter how much
they try, our struggle continues and the mad attempts
that violate international law and that themselves repre-
sent terrorism cannot end what they hope to see end. On
the contrary, this is fuel poured on the international
revolution. that wants to put an end to despotism,
exploitation, and domination.
Even if they had been able to kill me that day; even if
they are able to kill me or others in the future, this does
not mean they have-achieved what they want. On the
contrary, this baptizes the internationalist struggle with
blood and victims. Our bodies will build a bridge for the
advancement of our historic struggle because we are
fighting for a just cause, the cause of freedom.
We are fighting so-that we can live in peace and security
in our homes and on each continent of the world, so that
values, ideals, morals, and principles may prevail instead
of madness; anarchy; terrorism; deliberate subversion by
imperialism, aides to imperialism, and the subservient
forces; Zionism; fascism; and reaction.
This meeting is one of the internationalist 'battles.
Respectable and effective activists of the Mediterranean
meet on this day to decide our fate and to struggle for
this right, the right to self-determination. We want the
Mediterranean to be a sea of peace, a sea of trade,
tourism, and safety.. They, want it to be a region of
military maneuvers, a region of pollution, and a bridge
for military force. We, the people of the Mediterranean
in particular, and all the people of the world do not want
this. We do not want ,this sea to be abridge for aggres-
sion. We do not want it to become a region of military
maneuvers. Thus, the confrontation between us and
those enemies is inevitable and we should not retreat or
be lax in tightening up the battle march to achieve this
objective.
Our struggle and our voice were not losf in the wind. We,
should have confidence in our activity.,Once our, voice,
was heard'our struggle intensified. Positive results began
to emerge after getting ourselves ready to pay the price
for this goal with our blood and'our lives.
A few days ago, the Soviet leader declared that in this
climate he is speeding up the withdrawal of Soviet fleets
from the Mediterranean, and asked the United States to
agree with him on the withdrawal-of its fleets as well: A A.
short while, ago, the situation was different. There was
competition to bring'.in.the largest number of naval.
vessels and to hold the largest number of military
maneuvers in the Mediterranean. But now the language
is different. A move toward the withdrawal of fleets from
the Mediterranean and toward'the restriction of military
maneuvers has begun. The' Soviet proposal' even 'spoke'
clearly about limiting maneuvers and reaching an agree-'
ment about it because there is a mad race to hold the
largest number of military maneuvers in the Mediterra-
nean.
The aggression against the Gulf of Sidra, which ended
with the shooting down of a number of U.S. aircraft on
the Line of Death in March 1986, was intended to
benefit military maneuvers with the waters and climate
of the Gulf of Sidra. This was not because the Gulf of
Sidra is Libyan or so sensitive to this country, and not
because everyone who had colonized this country had
imposed their influence on the Gulf of Sidra. This
includes the United States itself. When it used to occupy
this country with its military bases, it used to include the
Gulf of Sidra in Libyan territory and impose its influ-
ence over it, preventing others from entering. This is
what the British did after World War II and what the
Ottomans did for some 6 centuries, not to, mention the
Romans, the Byzantines, the Vandals. This was not
because the Gulf of Sidra is not a Libyan gulf and part of
Libyan soil, but because they want to annex it for
military maneuvers to prepare for war. We cannot con-
tribute part of our territory to facilitate war and training
for war, especially since the coming war is one of
annihilation of all mankind.
Our struggle for the removal of U.S. military fleets from
the Gulf of Sidra is a struggle for peace, a big contribu-
tion on behalf of Libyans to the cause of peace, because
it deprives imperialism of the benefits of the Gulf of
Sidra and its climate, and prevents it from preparing for
the coming war. All people should appreciate the Libyan
struggle for control of the Gulf of Sidra because it is in
the interest of peace. We, the sons of the Mediterranean,
are' most concerned, more than others, in asserting
Libyan sovereignty over the Gulf of Sidra because this
deprives imperialism of preparations for the third world
As for terrorism, this talk was not outside the framework
of terrorism. Rather, it.was at the core of official state
terorism. We, the sons of the Mediterranean, and all
peace-loving people declare to the world that we are
totally opposed to terrorism and resist it. We do not
glorify those who commit it; rather, we despise them.
Killing innocents, taking hostages, and attacking civilian
targets are acts of cowardice that no one, other than
those who carry them out, welcomes.
This is taken for granted and we say it in. all frankness. It
is irrevocable. We are against terrorism, all these terror-
ist acts, anywhere in the' world. But, forgive me, we
would be stupid to say these words and keep quiet.
Terrorism is a phenomenon that imposed itself. There is
no doubt about this. To loathe it, hold it in comtempt,
and condemn it alone cannot' solve the problem. It
cannot solve the problem on its own. There is a reason
for everything. Terrorism is a phenomenon; something
that exists. It is a nuisance to the whole world. Everyone
is exposed to the possibility of being a victim of a
terrorist operation, intentionally or otherwise.
If we are going to restore rationalism in the world and
confer some sort of sanity on international ethics, we
must hold meetings like this, sit quietly and resolutely,
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15 April 1988 15
and define or search for the cause of this dangerous
phenomenon that terrifies all people. Proving the exist-
ence of this phenomenon does not mean approval of it.
When we search for its justification this does not neces-
sarily mean we support terrorism. This is taken for
granted. We have said first thing that we oppose terror-
ism.
However, we must not be afraid to discuss the reasons
behind terrorism. We are against terrorism. Consequent-
ly, we should hold a session like this to discuss -the
reasons for its existence. Any analysis will show that
colonialism is the cause. When I say colonialism, I mean
old neocolonialism and colonialism in all its forms. It is
the cause. I will try to have the moral courage to discuss
issues ordinary people would not dare to mention.
For example, IRA operations. These operations in them-
selves might be terrorist acts, and all of us are against
them. He threw a bomb at a funeral in Northern Ireland.
This is an act we all loathe and condemn. This is one of
many examples of IRA actions. But what is the reason
behind a group of people carrying out this action of
which no one approves? The reason is clear. Britain
colonized Northern Ireland and it refused to leave. It
behaved in Northern Ireland like a feudal lord in his
fiefdom.
These are reasons, if we live in a rational world, which
cannot be tolerated. They are sectarian reasons. We
reject the idea of the world being divided on religious or
sectarian bases. This would cause anarchy and destruc-
tion beyond the control of all sides. Northern Ireland is
Protestant, Britain follows this church, and would colo-
nize the Irish because their church is Protestant.
This is extremely absurd. How can this justify Britain
colonizing Northern Ireland for hundreds of years? The
issue is a just- one: liberation from British colonialism.
The long and bitter struggle by the Irish is a just and
legitimate struggle. It is also in self-defense.
The British prime minister has been the target of several
assassination attempts. There was an attempt to kill my
children and me. The whole world demonstrated,
became angry, rose up, criticized, and disapproved of
this barbarous act. Consequently, we disapprove of such
operations, like the killing of a lady in her home or office.
Or of'trying to kill her.'
Now, the British prime minister lives in real fear because
death at the hands of the Irish lies in wait for her
everywhere. In Britain itself and outside Britain they
tried to kill her. But were they the ones who started it?
No. Britain was the one who went to Northern Ireland
and persecuted and colonized it. Consequently, this
justified the Irish going to Britain, to the British Isles, to
carry out the same action. This is the reason. When we
search for the reason for terrorism in Northern Ireland,
4P
for example-not because we support IRA terrorist
operations-the cause must be removed to end this
terrorism. The basis of the issue is just.
Another example is that the Palestinians carry out acts of
revenge against Zionism and imperialism. These acts are
considered terrorist operations. They might attack civil-
ian targets or try to hit a hostile target, but its victim
might be a civilian target. If we view this action in itself
and in its bare form, it is a form of terrorism. And we
condemn it. But what made the Palestinians become
terrorists and seek revenge? Colonialism took their coun-
try. The one who colonized Palestine is the one respon-
sible for the terrorist acts of Palestinians everywhere in
the world. The one who colonized Ireland is the one
responsible for the terrorist operations by the Irish.
Filipinos today are imprisoned and on trial because they
carried out terrorist acts against Americans. They rose
up against officials in the Philippines. What made a
Filipino kill, an American? Did the Filipino go to Wash-
ington or New York? Or is it the American who came to
his village, his country, and town and set up military
bases? Who is the culprit? The culprit is the imperialist,
the colonialist, that has set up these bases on his land.
This is what turned him into a terrorist.
He is now being tried as a terrorist, but what is the cause?
What made him a?terrorist? Who turned good people
into terrorists? Who made a maiden in the age of roses-
Saha Haydali in Lebanon-kill herself with explosives in
order to slay a number of Israelis? What pushed her into
doing this and made her decide to abandon life alto-
gether and meet martyrdom? It is the Israelis who killed
her parents, who came to her home and village and
destroyed them. She saw them in U.S. tanks driving over
civilian cars containing families and children in Leba-
non.
These are quite clear examples. If we want to condemn
terroris we condemn terr orism, but this is not enough.
We must m know the cause and after identifying the cause
we must eliminate it. Therefore, we must fight colonial-
ism. If Palestine and Northern Ireland are liberated, and
the imperialist bases leave the homelands of others, then
terrorism will come to an end. If, after the liberation of
his land, a Palestinian undertakes what is now called an
act ofterrorism, then he is demented. Besides, I am
convinced that :he would not do this; that the most
formidable terrorist would become a peaceful man once
he reclaims his?rights. But, the most peaceful and good
man may now turn into a terrorist due to colonialism.
I for one carry.the banner of peace in the Mediterranean.
I want peace for. my country and I want peace for the
whole world. But sometimes it occurs to me that I should
leave this couritry and set up a secret internationalist
army, a real terrorist army, to terrorize the imperialists,
because they have killed my children on Ibn `Ashur
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Street in Benghazi, in Bab al-'Aziziyah. If I ever turn into
a terrorist, who would be at fault? The one to blame
would be this criminal aggressor.
This is the logic of peace, the logic of people, the logic of
rational forces in the world, the logic of the triumph for
which we must fight. But the logic now prevailing is that
of terrorism, arrogance, of imperialist logic that wants to
seize other people's lands and resources. Terrorism is
growing day by day because encroachment increases and
because imperialist greed grows and expands. The point
has now been reached where Zionism wants to control
heads of state; to prevent the Austrian people from
electing Waldheim. Things have reached this point. This
will breed a violent reaction called terrorism.
When they wanted him to become UN secretary general,
they did not talk about him, and files were there already.
But when they did not want him to be the president of
Austria, they objected, saying: He is a Nazi. Was Wald-
heim a Nazi before or after becoming UN secretary
general? I believe World War II, Hitler, and Nazism were
already there before Waldheim became UN secretary
general. This is an accusation. This means that we, the
United Nations, had been trusting a Nazi.
This means that all the years of the United Nations
under Walheim were ones of aggression, Nazism; and
racism. This is the Zionist logic, imperialist logic. In
Panama, U.S. imperialism wants a leader to resign. They
said: Noriega must resign. Is this reasonble? Orders: This
one must resign; this one must not be a candidate.
Panama and Austria are told this. The same thing was
desired of Libya, but they cannot tell the Libyan people
that Al-Qadhdhafi must leave or resign, leave Bab al-
'Aziziyah. No, since this is not possible, he must be
killed. He must leave Bab al-'Aziziyah in a funeral
procession. It is desired that he leave.
a catalyst that accelerated the convening of this confer-
ence, because the resolutions and ethics of this confer-
ence must be put before the International Court of
Justice so it can take them into account in a very
important case: the unreasonable and unjustified inter-
vention of the U.S. Government against the United
Nations just because the UN is on U.S. territory.
The U.S. Government has the right to close down any
embassy, including that of Palestine, when such an
embassy is accredited in Washington, the [word indis-
tinct] capital called Washington, but it has no power over
the representatives of states at the United Nations. And
since the United States has exploited the presence of the
organization on its territory, and taken this action vio-
lating international law, among other decisions, we must
work seriously for an immediate transfer of these head-
quarters from U.S. territory, since this step will be
followed by other steps. The U.S. Government now has
the right to interfere with the UN for the simple reason
that it is in its territory.
Therefore, let us withdraw this distinction and transfer
the UN Headquarters to another country, a. neutral
country; one which does not suffer from megalomania
and is not mad about power. This is something which is
required, but should be decided by the people. We decide
it. We are one of the important active parts of the
international community. It is inevitable that we should
exert pressure in this direction-the withdrawal of the
UN Headquarters, the transfer of the UN Headquarters
from the United States. Otherwise, the presence of our
representatives-we who constitute. the United
Nations-may be threatened and result in their absence
from the international organization.
Among the consequerices of such action is the demand,
year after year, that the United States be deprived of its
right to veto. So long as that power is mad and aggres-
sive, as well as a danger to security, we should not
provide it'witli this weapon. The United States itself is to
be blamed for this. Instead of using its wealth and
capabilities in the interest of mankind and participating
in the preservation of world peace, it uses its wealth and
capabilities in the interest of Zionism and racism in
southern Africa and Palestine.
But Panama, they perhaps think they can terrorize it and
just say: This one must leave; he must resign-hoping
that he would do so. They tell Austria` Do not 'elect
Waldheim, hoping that Waldheim would resign, or
might resign. But concerning, Libya, this would -be
rejected and, therefore, he must be killed. In Nicaragua,
they want Ortega to resign. The Nicaraguan people
elected him and the United States said he.must resign.
But it cannot tell the revolutionary and armed people of
Nicaragua that Ortega must resign, so it became aggres-
sive: the mining of the ports of Nicaragua. It 'imposed an,
economic blockade and armed the Contras.
It cannot tell the Angolan president to resign, so it armed
UNITA. It deals by force with whomever it asks to
resign. If he refuses to do so; they kill him; This impor-
tant meeting of yours is held at a time when the Inter-
national Court of Justice is looking at the case of the
PLO office at the UN being closed by the United States.
This disgraceful and crude act by the United States was
Therefore, the terrorism we are now. facing is not only.
what the United States talks about-the hijacking of
aircraft or the detention of innocent hostages, although
,we oppose this and deplore it because it does not lead to
a decisive result and we have come to know the reasons.
The United States is detonating these smoke bombs in
order to create a screen to blind us, so that we will not see
the real terrorism, the state terrorism being practiced by
the United States and Zionism. This is the most danger-
ous type of terrorism. The terrorism carried out by an
individual may kill a group of people and at the most
may cause the explosion of an aircraft or a building, but
the United States can kill a people, a nation, and can
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cause the world, the globe, to explode. The most danger-
ous kind of terrorism is the one coming from the United
States: official terrorism. This is followed by Zionist
terrorism, particularly now that it is able, thanks to
imperialism and Western colonialism in general, to
manufacture the atomic bomb.
They introduced atomic weapons into the Middle East
for the first time. This will lead to an Arab need to
possess the atomic bomb, even if their policy is peaceful
and opposed to atomic armament. But this will be a
reaction. It will become a right as far as the Arabs are
concerned-a right recognized by Article 51 of the UN
Charter-the right to self-defense. Who is responsible for
introducing destruction into the Middle East? The Israe-
lis and those who are behind them. In order to clarify the
language which is continuously used by the U.S. Admin-
istration and the forces which it dominates and uses to
carry out imperialist policies, we can say that it is the
language of blockades, sanctions, air raids, exercises. It is
exactly the same language of Hitler and Mussolini. The
language which used to prevail during the days of Hitler
and Mussolini was the language of the preparation of
military force, the staging of military exercises, carrying
out aggressions, crossing borders, demanding lands
belonging to others, dominating others, controlling
straits, crossing seas, manufacturing tanks and aircraft-
this is how the Nazi and fascist terror began.' Now the
language is being repeated.
a
have a rapprochement with the Israelis will be hated and
fought for it. They will be criminals exactly like those
who had a rapprochement with Hitler and Mussolini.
The International Court of Justice, which is looking into
this disgraceful action that contravenes international
laws, ought to benefit from the literature of this sympo-
sium. At the end of this symposium, its literature will
have to be quickly transmitted to the International Court
of Justice and to all its judges, even if we have to hand it
over to them personally or deliver it to their homes.
[Al-Qadhdhafi pauses for about 10 seconds.]
There must be a demarcation line between fighting and
terrorism. The Palestinian people are engaged in a holy
fight. If this engenders terrorism, the Palestinians are not
responsible for it. Those who have colonized Palestine
are responsible for it.
The responsibility for every terrorist operation carried
out by the Palestinians should be placed on those who
occupy Palestine and those who are helping those who
occupy Palestine. The responsibility for every terrorist
operation carried out by the IRA should be placed on
British colonialism. The responsibility for every terrorist
operation carried out by the blacks in South Africa
should be placed on. the racist whites and Western
colonialism. We should struggle for the sake of these
issues because we all agree they are just. They should
become a cultural, educational, as well as ideological,
program for the Mediterranean, progressive socialists,
the peoples of the Mediterranean, the international pop-
ular front, and the peoples of the world. Otherwise, we
will once again take a step backward and go for limited
operations, casting aside the original aim.
The United States is Hitler and Mussolini. Zionism is
Hitler and Mussolini. Now we must recognize that things
have been turned upside down. If after World War II the
prevalent concept was that the Jews were the victims of
Nazism and that all those opposed to them were opposed
[as heard] to another cause, then the victims now are the
Palestinians and all those opposed to the Palestinians are
opposed to another cause and all those who support the
Israelis behave as if they are. supporting Hitler and
Mussolini. This is what we are going to establish as our
policy because the Palestinian cause is a just and con-
vincing cause and everyone will be convinced of it. Work
must start on this basis, on the basis that all those who
are biased toward the Israelis are behaving as if they are
biased toward Hitler and Mussolini. When you speak of
the Israelis, it will be as if you are speaking of Hitler or
Mussolini. When you speak of a Palestinian, it will be as
if you are speaking of a Jew during World War II.
Today, the Palestinians are- being buried alive by the,
Israelis and with the support of the United States. Hitler-
might have killed the Jews, but he did not bury them
alive. In my analysis, this is the beginning of the end for
the Zionist Israeli phenomenon and, unfortunately,
Judaism will also fall victim to this as a result of the
racist policy of Zionism. As of now, the countdown will
begin for the Zionist, Israeli, and Jewish phenomena. We
support Judaism as a religion, but it will fall victim to the
racist policies of Zionism. From now on, all those who
We do not have other symposiums or gatherings to
define terrorism. We condemn every terrorist opera-
tion-if it is actually a terrorist operation-but we
should know the reason behind such an, operation. We
should put an end to the reason. Our struggle now should
be directed toward the reasons, to put an end to the
reasons behind such terrorist operations, putting an end
to colonialism in Palestine so that the Palestinian terror-
ism-as they call it-will end.
The PLO in the eyes of the United States and Israelis is
a terr`ori'st organization. Why is it terrorist? Because it
causes fear among the Israelis and the Americans. Why?
Is it because they are Israelis or Americans? No. It is
because they have occupied Palestine. Therefore, the
reason is the occupation of Palestine. The world's peo-
ples have no time to waste in believing what the Amer-
icans, the Israelis, and the racists say. They should follow
up each limited operation by itself, separate from others,
and avenge such, an operation. We-should seek revenge
from the one who-caused such an operation. Our struggle
will continue in this manner and will find positive
response. We will find that there is an effective force to
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back it until the unjust and hostile forces are compelled
to stop within their limits, and this is what we ultimately
want. We want each party to stop at its own limit.
We did not attack the United States inside its own 51 [as
heard] states. But the United States wants to transform
all of us into U.S. states and we resist this. If the United
States returns to inside its own borders, we will not
pursue it. Who went to the United States and bombed it?
It is the United States itself which deployed its fleets,
aircraft, and intelligence-gathering apparatus. It commit-
ted crimes; it killed people and detonated bombs. The
basic issue is human rights. Colonialism is a direct
aggression on human rights. Imperialism crushes human
rights. Exploitation is against human rights.
Today, I was interviewed by a U.S. television station. I
expressed my strong anxiety over the fact that human
rights are threatened in the United States. The United
States stands condemned because it is threatening the
human rights of Americans; never mind the other peo-
ples who are not human beings in its eyes. They are other
creatures which should be crushed or annihilated by
small pox or mass killings, as was the case with regard to
the Indians, so that the United States could take away
their wealth and land. The rights of Americans are
trampled underfoot. The basic rights of the human
being, brothers, concern his own effort, his sweat and
toil; this is a natural right. However, exploitation in the
United States does not recognize the right of the indi-
vidual to reap the fruit of his sweat and toil.
For example, in the United States they take the earnings
of 5 hours from a worker working for 8 hours, or the
earnings of 3 hours are taken away and the worker is'
allowed to keep the earnings he gets for 5 hours. This is
a violation of a basic human right. Every individual
should reap the fruit of his sweat and toil. Every indi-
vidual who produces should reap the fruit of his produc-
tion. This is what the Green Book-which was written by
mankind as a result of experience gained from the
struggle of mankind; I only collated the known facts in
the book-acknowledges. The American is being exploit-
ed. The fruit of his sweat and toil is being plundered.
This is a basic human right, and not the claim of the U.S.
Administration that human rights are violated in this or
that country. Why does the United States not talk about
its own violations of basic rights? The other natural right
which a human being has concerns his dwelling. The
place in which he lives should be his own property.
Millions of Americans are homeless. You should search
for and provide this right for the U.S. citizen, first of all.
These days thousands of babies are born on the side-
walks in the United States. They have a right to a house,
which they should own. This is a basic right. One's effort,
work, production should belong to the person himself.
[applause] Your house should be your own property.
You should decide your own destiny. Deciding one's.
own destiny is a natural right. As an individual and as a
people you should decide your own destiny. The United
States denies mankind this right. The United States
denies the people the right to self-determination., It
denies the Panamanian people, the Angolan people, the
Afghan people, the Libyan people, the Palestinian peo-
ple, Nicaragua, and Grenada the right to self-determina-
tion. The United States uses the (?veto) against the right
of self-determination for the Latin American people. The
United States denies the peoples and the individuals the
right of self-determination.
The decision, in America now, is not made by the U.S.
people. The American people are a simple and peaceful
people. All these people want is to live, to reap the fruits
of their efforts. They want a house to live in and they
want peace. .
However, imperialism exploits this effort and takes away''
these possibilities which can provide a house and a
dignified life. Imperialism uses these possibilities toward
its imperialist policy., The United States denies citizens
the right to self-determination. Had it'been left to the
Americans to decide'their own destiny, the United States
would not have been an oppressive, aggressive, and
imperialist force, as is the case now.
Why not let the American people decide their destiny?
Ordinary Americans do not know [word indistinct] of
the world. Consequently, they will not choose the Phil-
ippines or Diego Garcia or any other location to decide
to build a military base, or choose Al-Mallahah in Tripoli
for the same purpose. These people do not know where
these places are; they do not need them. This is the
citizen's essential right: to decide one's own destiny.
However, he is denied this right.. Americans dodged
military service during the Vietnam war. These were
ordinary people, and in this instance they decided their
own destiny. However, American citizens were denied
this right and were forced to fight in Vietnam, despite the
fact that they did not know where Vietnam is.
During Al-Sadat's era, an Egyptian soldier was taken
prisoner by the Libyans. He was asked why he was
attacking Libya. He replied: Is Libya near Kuwait or
where? Here we see that this soldier did not even know
where Libya was. He had' no motive whatsoever for
attacking Libya. He even thought that Libya was near
Kuwait. This indicates that, this person did not have
chance to decide his own destiny; he was forced to carry
out this action.
On the other hand, and so that this statement will not be
exploited, if Libya undertook military aggression against
Chad, it would be considered a type of terrorism. I told
you at the beginning that we must have the necessary
moral courage to admit the truth.' As far as Libya's.
position in Chad is concerned, Libya always'supports a
legitimate government.. Goukouni is president of Chad
in accordance with an African agreement made in Lagos.
This legitimate government is called the Transitional
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Government of National Unity: National unity means it
brings together all the Chadian factions. It represents the
Chadian people. This' is a legitimate instrument backed
by Libya..
Whoever fights against it and wants to impose a party
that is not representative of Chadian national unity is the
aggressor. But even so, if Libya invaded Chad with its
military forces this would be regarded as a kind of
terrorism. Therefore, Libya-and we are here speaking
as an effective, internationalist, peaceful power belong-
ing to all the Mediterranean; we must. not be biased
toward Libya or Greece. We must say to Libya: If you
undertake a military invasion of Chad, this will be
considered official terrorism. It would that Libya had
engaged in the state terrorism, practised by.the United
States and Israel.
Effectively, Libya must not engage in a direct armed
action against Chadian territory, but it has_ the right to
support the Chadian side that represents national unity.
The United States is now protesting against the Govern-
ment of Afghanistan, saying it is an unelected govern-
ment backed by foreign forces, and that there is an
armed resistance to it. -Why does it say the 'same about
Ndjamena? [as heard] That there is there an unelected
government, backed by foreign 'forces" and"that there' is'.
armed resistance against it?'
Therefore, for us it is not a matter of logic and right. It is
a matter of colonialism and imperialism. -In fact,`-it-is
true to say this, and it is a waste of time to'debate U.S.
policy because it is an unreasonable policy that can be
confronted only by struggle, and the struggle -must be a
collective one.
First, we begin with the people of'the Mediterranean.
They must struggle to make the Mediterranean a' sea free
from foreign fleets, free from nuclear arms, free from
military maneuvers.-The islands of the. Mediterranean-
like Libya and Malta-must be evacuated- by- foreign
bases. Crete, Sicily?Cyprus, and ;,the Spanish, islands
Palma de Majorca,and so, on-Lampidoza, must-be.
immediately freed from foreign bases, because peace in
Europe,.the Mediterranean, and Africa is a single issue,
-hat cannot be
a single bridge, three Minks in. a chain:t
separated.
This is not because we are friends of the Soviet Union.
We are a free, independent, nonaligned state that would
have wished to have the ' same. relations' with the United
States as'with the Soviet Union. The United States was
the one that lost this type of relationship due to its
imperialist policy. I tell you this is not because we are
friends of the Soviet Union.' We would like to be the,
friends of all. The world; and we .in the Mediterranean,
must benefit from the Gorbachev phenomenon and'the
existence of the new Soviet leadership'. The emergence of.
this leadership is important because it did not appear in'
a country of small importance. It appeared in one of the
superpowers, and is ruling one'of them. Therefore, one
must benefit from the reasonable and peaceful policies
that are moving quickly toward the achievement of
unexpected tasks We must exploit this.
We in. the Mediterranean are very much interested in
this, more than others, because this sea is full of fleets,
U.S. and Soviet fleets. Since the. Soviet Union is now
seriously and quickly moving toward real peace, nuclear
disarmament, and the withdrawal of fleets, we must
exploit this trend in the era of the Gorbachev phenom-
enon. We must put pressure with all our forces on the
United States so that it responds to the Soviet proposal.
With consideration.to logic and love for peace we are
obliged to back the Soviet proposal because it is one that
can attain our goal of peace. The Soviet Union wants a
withdrawal of the. Mediterranean fleets, but it cannot
leave the Mediterranean to the United States alone; it
too, must leave. ?
Because this is the gist of the subject of this meeting, this
conference, and' the struggle of the progressive socialist
organization, the struggle- against terrorism, and because
we are now meeting on terrorism, we see that fleets in the
Mediterranean constitute great terrorism, direct terror-
ism.
Here we live under the threat of U.S. fleets, in this very
place. U.S. aircraft flew over this room and shelled Bab
al-'Aziziyah [words indistinct]. The states of emergency
some governments impose on their people represent a
serious kind of terrorism. There is a nation in this region
which ,has lived under a -state of emergency for 7 years,
and in the, past .2 weeks this state of emergency was
extended for another 3 years. These people have been
living under. a state of emergency for 10 years. This is an
ugly,, kind of terrorism. Do you know what a state of
emergency means?.It means. the suspension of rights and
liberties..It means, violation of these rights at any time
through emergency, apparatuses, suitabilities, and rules.
This is' because-the -United States has an interest in
terrorizing these people by way of the state of emergency.
Because the United States uses it as an area of interest, it
does not talk about the situation. If such a situation was
to develop-in Libya or Ethiopia, or Angola, Nicaragua, or
Afghanistan, the United States would have been vio-
lently agitated by--this, and would have said that this was
a violation of human rights. The United States would
have -labeled any such person as a dictator, and any such
regime as an oppressive regime. It has imposed a state of
emergency for 7 years on its people, extended by another
3, and added another 9 years [as heard].
This is terrorism.I am not'saying this in order to criticize
anyone,' but I mention it so that this point will be
included in'the file of terrorism. The state of emergency
rule is a serious kind of terrorism.
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As for what is taking place on the soil on which you now
are, it has been accepted to be so, because this land hosts
the international forum. It is a place of gathering for all
world movements of liberation, and plays host to the
leaders of pan-Arab revolutionary forces and to this
organization. Consequently, this land, on which human
rights are firmly established, should be free. The house
belongs to the tenant; production is consumed by the
producer; representation is veneration; authority,
wealth, and arms are in the hands of the people. The
people of this country are free; can go to any area in the
world and come back whenever they wish; there is no
black list. The last list I destroyed was one on censorship,
on the liberty and rights of any individual of our people.
All emergency matters have been cancelled. This proved
that people's authority has been established and con-
firmed in the Jamahiriyah.
Anyone who has an opinion has the right to come to the
People's Congress and air this opinion. There is no one
who would harrass or prevent him from doing so. This
person should convince the people of his opinion. Secret
actions, detection, and surveillance have been abolished.
When secret action is publicly forbidden, one takes up
secret action. Even secret action has its justification.
However, now you can express your views, however
serious, on television and radio, and you should per-
suade the people of your view. Let us assume that you
want to impose the veil on women in this country and
deny them the right to education and work; let us just
assume. This was not available in the past and would
have been seen as contradictory to freedom and human
rights. Then one resorted to secret action in order to
convince the people that women should wear the veil
because God said so. Now, you may come to public
meetings, the People's Congress, television, and radio
and try to convince the people of your point. ,If the
people are convinced they can decide; it is their right.
This is a human right.
This land has been freed. The position of this land suits
its international ranking. This land paid a high price for
its international position. It has sacrificed its. dearest
sons and has firmly established its international leader-
ship by blood. My house, Bab al-'Aziziyah, the tent, Ibn
`Ashur Street, Benghazi, were attacked by 170 aircraft.
Yes, this is a price. Who paid this price in the world?
Who was attacked publicly by the United States in, this
way?' The Vietnamese people paid the price for their
freedom through bloodshed. The Vietnamese people
have a right to live as a free people because they were not
given their freedom. On the contrary, they won it.
Vietnam's unity was achieved with blood. The Vietnam-
ese people paid their price against the mightiest of the
world's imperialist forces. Who says that Vietnam must
not unite or become free? Of course it should be free and
raise its head high, because it paid the price. This soil is
the base and the headquarters of internationalist strug-
gle, that is, half the world, and of the pan-Arab struggle,
that is, half of all Arabs. It earned it by paying the price.
[applause] '
20
ARAB AFRICA
What took place here, we are pleased to say, was not
limited; it had international echoes. Yesterday,' even
South Korea decided to allow its citizens to travel
abroad. This was inspired by the revolutionary explosion
which took place in Libya. [applause] As a result of 7
November in Tunisia, and through organic, time, place,
and spiritual interactions between what has been taking
place here and on Tunisian soil, there has been an
extension of the same thing. Thousands of prisoners of
the era prior to 7 November tasted freedom under the
new era.'Thousands who had been under restrictions also
regained their freedom. All political prisoners in Burkina
Faso have been freed. [applause]
We hope there will be a tidal wave beginning here and
traveling to many areas of the world for the benefit of
human rights'and'against terrorism, against imperialism.
The aggression against us 2 years ago tomorrow was a
failure. However, its positive aspect was that it gave us
an example of terrorism for which we were searching-
official terrorism, terrorism of the state, an example of
which is clearly before us now. What is official terror-
ism? Had there been no aggression against us, there
might not be examples before us that give the meaning of
official terrorism, state terrorism. This aggression took
place with fleets outside the borders of the transgressing
state,. and from bases situated in territories of others, in
? the Mediterranean in particular. We are affected in the
shadow of this painful anniversary, which at the same
time frustrated the hopes of the imperialists, because
they failed. We in the Mediterranean are affected by the
need to struggle against and speed up the closure of U.S.
bases in the Mediterranean by applying pressure on
European governments to close their bases to the U.S.
fleets.
Not all those 170 aircraft took off from the United
States. There were a number of strategic aircraft-whose
job it was to jam [as heard]-which actually took off
from the United States, from their U.S. bases to here.
But the rest took off from Spain, Italy, Britain, Germany,
occupied Palestine. The U.S. 6th Fleet sailed from bases
in Spain and Italy, so pressure must be applied to Italy
and Spain to get rid of the U.S. fleets.
Has the aggression' been confined only to Libya? We
would have borne it so that you could live in peace, but
all of you, your countries, your sons, are targets of this
aggression by the very same instruments to which we
were subjected. All your sons are 'subject to becoming
victims like our sons. Your homes might be destroyed in
the same way as our homes were destroyed. Aggression
might take place against your countries by imperialism,
like the aggression against us. Consequently, the one who
has not been attacked is more affected. He is more afraid
because he expects his turn will be next.
There' is a 'psychological 'element affecting all these
nations. It drives them into collective struggle and into
applying pressure on European governments to expel the
U.S. fleets and to work so as to turn the Mediterranean
into a zone of peace. '
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I rely on this seminar because it is not an ordinary
seminar. It is urgent for us to have an influence on the
International Court of Justice, which is investigating
U.S. violations of international law, UN laws, and the
UN Charter. We must do this for the benefit ' of a
persecuted and homeless people-the Palestinian peo-
ple. Our words will be like bullets against Zionism and
imperialism because they will inflict on them a political
defeat.
I wish you success. Our struggle continues. [applause]
Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda Arrives 13 Apr
LD131804 Rabat Domestic Service in Arabic
1600 GMT 13 Apr 88
[Excerpts] Mr Kenneth Kaunda, president of the Repub-
lic of Zambia, began a 24-hour working visit to our
country today. [passage omitted]
The official cortege headed toward the residence of the
Zambian president, who was received by His Majesty
King Hassan II, may God grant him victory, who was
accompanied by His Royal Highness Crown Prince Sidi
Mohamed. The guest then introduced the members of
the delegation to his majesty the king.
Al-Mahdi Government Submits Resignation
JN141307 Khartoum SUNA in English 1024 GMT,
14 Apr 88
[Text] Khartoum, Apr. 14, (SUNA)-Prime Minister
Al-Sadiq al-Mahdi has submitted resignation of his gov-
ernment to the Supreme Council of State which is
expected to meet today so as to discuss the resignation,
the daily AL-AYYAM today reported.
The Constituent Assembly "parliament" will today hold
sitting during which Al-Mahdi is to expose the resigna-
tion of his government.
Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party Muhammad
'Uthman 'Ali Mirghani and leader of the Al-Ummah
Party last week reviewed the current political situation.
On the other hand the committees assigned to prepare
the charter and the administration stuctures are still
resuming work and they will soon submit recommenda-
tions to enable Premier al-Mahdi expose the charter and
form the government.
State Council Supports Reconciliation Plan
JN141314 Khartoum SUNA in Arabic 1040 GMT
14Apr88
[Text] Khartoum, 14 Apr (SUNA)-In a statement pub-
lished today in AL-USBU', State Council Chairman
Ahmad al-Mirghani declared that the State Council will
support and back the national reconciliation program
approved by the Constituent Assembly the day before
yesterday. Al-Mirghani paid tribute to the patriotic role
of the political figures. He said that what has been
achieved is a historic agreement that underscores the
nation's determination to have peace.
Al-Mirghani said that the reconciliation is a good step
toward a peaceful solution to the problem of southern
Sudan but one which does not undermine the home-
land's sovereignty or imply complacency with outlaws.
Al-Sadiq al-Mahdi had briefed the State Council yester-
day on the measures and arrangements for drawing up
and implementing the national reconciliation charter in
light of the developments that occurred at the Constitu-
ent Assembly yesterday. These developments have cul-
minated in the approval of the national reconciliation
bill by an overwhelming majority.
Al-Mahdi To Meet Ethiopia's Mengistu in May
JN131809 Khartoum SUNA in Arabic 1740 GMT
13 Apr 88
[Text] Khartoum, 13 Apr'(SUNA)-Prime Minister Al-
Sadiq al-Mahid will ' meet with Ethiopian President
Mengistu Haile Mariam at the beginning of May to
continue bilateral contacts.
This was announced by Prime Minister Al-Sadiq al-
Mahdi here today following his meeting with the State
Council chairman. He added he also apprised the State
Council of the latest developments in the peace march
and Sudanese- Ethiopian relations. He said conspicuous
developments have recently been witnessed. Al-Sadiq
al-Mahdi voiced Sudan's welcoming of the agreement
and understanding reached by Somalia and Ethiopia and
added this agreement is a positive step on the road to
establishing peace in the region.
He said Sudan has always called on the region's leaders
to hold dialogue and reach an understanding among
their' countries. He added that the Somali minister who
is?'currently visiting the country is here to brief the
Sudanese leadership on the details of this agreement.
Somalia To Mediate in Ethiopian Relations
JN141402 Khartoum SUNA in English 1026 GMT
14 Apr 88
[Text] Khartoum, Apr. 14, (SUNA)-The daily AL-
USBU' newspaper today said that there is a Somali
mediation to improve the Sudanese-Ethiopian relations
and to find a peaceful solution to the southern Sudan
problem.
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Member of the Council of State Mirghani al-Nasiri said
that the visit of the Somali minister of state at the
Foreign Affairs Ministry to Sudan has come to expose
what had been agreed upon between Somalia and Ethi-
opia and to. seek normalization of Sudanese-Ethiopian
relations.
Tunisian Prime Minister, Arrives 14 Apr.
JN141504 Khartoum SUNA in Arabic 1430 GMT
14 Apr 88
[Text] Khartoum, 14 Apr (SUNA)-Tunisian Prime
Minister Hedi Baccouche arrived here at 1400 today for
a 3-day official visit to the country. In a press statement,
Baccouche said there is room for further deepening the
close Sudanese-Tunisian relations in various domains.
He said he was bringing a letter from Tunisian President
Zine El Abidine Ben Ali to Sudan's State Council chair-
man. Baccouche hailed Sudan's democratic process as a
unique Arab and African experience.
Given Sudan's distinguished standing in the Arab and
African arenas, it can potentially play a major role on
both fronts, the Tunisian prime minister said. Pooling
the country's national efforts should help it overcome
economic challenges and remove lingering vestiges of the
dictatorship, he added.
SPLA Says 44 Government Troops Killed
EA 120911 (Clandestine) Radio of the Sudanese
People's Liberation Army in Lutuka 1100 GMT 11 Apr 88
[Excerpts] SPLA forces of Mazlum [Oppressed] and
Zalzal [Earthquake], under the direct command of Cap-
tain John (Kuten Ngok) and the overall command of
Commander Lam Akol Ajawin, ambushed Army and
militia forces who tried to venture away from Galhak
[Upper Nile] on 26 March. A correspondent says that 12
enemy soldiers were killed and others were seriously
injured. Two G3 rifles were seized by the SPLA forces.
[passage omitted]
The second and third units of Mut Battalion, under the
direct command of (Elijah Wantop) and the operational
command of Commander Kuol Ajak Deng and the
overall command of Riak Marchar Teng, on 2 April
clashed with Army and militia troops at a swamp near
Bentiu town [western Upper Nile]. Thirty-two enemy
troops were killed and the rest fled toward Kaljak.
[passage omitted]
Denies 600 Rebels Killed
EA 120504 (Clandestine) Radio of the Sudanese
People's Liberation Army in English 1300 GMT 11 Apr 88
[Excerpts] Member of SPLM/SPLA political-military
high command and chief of staff, Commander William
Nyuan Bany, in a statement to Radio SPLA, has refuted
the allegations made by the chief of staff of Al-Sadiq
al-Mahdi's Army that, their forces killed over 600 SPLA
troops in Nasir. The following is the full text of the
statement: ,
In an address to soldiers in Juba town on 27th of March
1988, Lieutenant-General `Abd al-'Azim al-Siddiq, chief
of staff of Al-Sadiq al-Mahdi's Army, claimed that their
forces killed over 600 SPLA soldiers in Nasir during
their fruitless attempt to relieve their besieged garrison
town of Nasir. This statement, which contradicts the
earlier one made by Major-General Al-Amin Abu
Shawq, the commander of the enemy forces in Upper
Nile administrative area, on 23d of March 1988 that
their forces have killed 516 of our soldiers, is not
surprising because they have lied to the Sudanese people
and the world about their imaginary war victory many
times before.
In the battles between our forces and the enemy on 13th,
14th, and 19th of March 1988 near Nasir, the facts are
clear enough and (?I) challenge Colonel Muhammad
Ahmad al-Rifi, the commander of the reinforcement
code-named national defense, and Colonel Arnold
Mamur, the commander of Nasir garrison, to deny that
60 men of their forces have been killed against only 13
heroes on our side. The two colonels will also never deny
that 95 of their soldiers, including Major Muhammad
Adam, were also wounded in that battle, against only 31
heroes on our side. [passage omitted]
The Khartoum military leaders claim to have killed over
600 of our men, but have failed to capture the arms of
the of the SPLA soldiers supposedly killed.
How can Col Muhammad Ahmad al-Rifi know the
number of SPLA soldiers they claim to have killed when
he ran away from the battlefield leaving his dead col-
leagues unburied? If the forces of Col al-Rifi have killed
any people of that number, they must have been inno-
cent citizens on the way from Nasir to Malakal and
within Malakal itself.
I would like to tell my friend and former colleague, Lt
Gen `Abd al-Azim al-Siddiq, who used to be one of the
honest officers in the Sudan Army, that I am sorry to
learn that you have sold your honor to the gangsterous
mobs which have killed and heartlessly robbed our
people for decades and decades. I am more than aston-
ished that a man like you who prevents exploitation of
the Sudanese people can allow himself to repeat like a
parrot the lies concocted to perpetuate the group of
thieves' hold on power.
I would like to inform you that the notorious Abu
Gurun, Abu Shawq, and other rough ones to whom you
have now added your voice, have subjected our people in
the south to unheard of tortures and murders. These
thugs supply you with lies on the war in an attempt to
conceal their own cowardice, incompetence, and crimi-
nality. This is a blot on your uniform and you are
shamelessly condoning it.
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