CHRONOLOGY OF UFA AIRCRAFT ENGINE PLANTS 26A AND 26B USSR

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• Collection: NGA Records (Formerly NIMA)
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PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION REPORT
CHRONOLOGY OF
UFA AIRCRAFT ENGINE PLANTS
26A AND 26B
USSR
MARCH 1968
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Di t Unit 106-11
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TITLE NPIC
March 1968 TS
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CHRONOLOGY OF UFA AIRCRAFT ENGINE PLANTS 26A AND 26B
USSR
INTRODUCTION
This report is a study of the chronological development
of Ufa Aircraft Engine Plants 26A and 26B
respectively). The plants are located
at 54-47-35N 056-07-28E and 54-47-58N 056-04-18E, 7.5
and 6.5 nautical miles nm respectively, northeast of the
center of the city of Ufa, USSR (Figure 1). The plants are
approximately 2 nm apart and are believed to be interrelated
in their function of jet- and rocket-engine production. 1,2/
They are served by numerous all-weather roads and rail
spurs of the Ufa-Chelyabinsk rail line and are connected by
road to Ufa Airfield South
I
18 nm south-southwest of the plants.
Photography covering Plants 26A and 26B includes 1942
and 1943 World War II photography of good inter-
pretability (Figures 2 and 3), film of fair-
to-poor interpretability obtained between 1961 and 1966,
and
Plants 26A and 26B (Figure 4) have expanded to cover
areas of 335 and 250 acres, respectively, since the first
________photography in 1942. Recent photography reveals
that Plant 26A (Figure 5) encompasses approximately 2.9
million square feet of roof cover and Plant 26B (Figure 6)
approximately 2.1 million square feet. Although Plant 26A
has only a very small engine test facility and meager
administration/engineering support, the plant includes a
large amount of industrial production floorspace and will
soon have an even greater capability when a new 840,000-
square-foot fabrication/assembly building is completed.
Plant 26B also includes a large amount of production
floorspace and, in addition, 7 large and 6 smaller engine
test cells. The test function at this plant will be increased
when a new building containing 10 new probable horizontal
engine test cells is completed, perhaps in 1968.
An activity possibly related to Plants 26A and 26B is
Ufa Static Test Facility Ufa Rocket
Engine Test Facility), located approximately 10.5 nm north
of Plants 26A and 26B. This facility contains 4 probable
horizontal rocket engine test positions and has been de-
termined to be generally similar to the Nizhnyaya Salda
Static Test and Faustovo Rocket Engine Test Facilities
N OF UFA AIRCRAFT ENGINE PLANTS 26A AND 26B.
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respectively) and the
Zelenogorsk Static Test Facility
It is also possible that the Ufa Static Test Facility is associ-
ated with rocket engine fuel and lubricants research and
development conducted at the nearby Ufa Petroleum Refinery
Novo Chernikovsk
Historically, Plants 26A and 26B have been of consid-
erable importance as major aircraft engine producers.
Plant 26A was set up by the United States at the beginning of
World War II. Plant 26B came into existence with the
evacuation of equipment from Rybinsk, USSR, in 1941 and
was expanded by the addition of machinery from the Junkers
Dessau plant in in 1946. his reported that, during
World War II, production at Plants 26A and 26B included
both radial air-cooled aircraft engines and in-line water-
cooled types. In the postwar period the plants produced
primarily turbojet engines for the MIG-series aircraft. 2/
Detailed information on structures in the plants is
provided in Tables 1 and 2 and Figures 5 and 6.
HIGHLIGHTS OF CHRONOLOGY
1942
photography of Plants 26A and 26B revealed that
they included approximately 1.3 million and 1.1 million
square feet of roof cover, respectively. Plant 26A con-
sisted primarily of 4 assembly buildings (items 18 and 24-26,
Figure 5), 4 shops (items 30E, 31, 45, and 47), and an
inspection/test building (item 16A). The test cells of the
latter building had not been completed at the time of the
photography. Plant 26B consisted primarily of 1 large and
1 smaller assembly building (items 21 and 33, Figure 6)
and a forge/foundry (item 14B). No known engine test
facilities were operational at either plant in this period;
however, only simple test stands, which are not readily
discernible, would have been required for tests of the radial
air-cooled aircraft engines which were in production at that
time.
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FIGURE 2. UFA AIRCRAFT ENGINE PLANT 26A,I KREPRODUCED FROM ANNOTATED
WORLD WAR II PHOTOGRAPHY WHICH HAS BEEN RETOUCHED).
1962-1963
In the 20 years since the previous coverage, Plant 26A
was expanded by only a few significant structures, but Plant
26B was expanded considerably.
The 4-cell engine test facility (item 16B, Figure 5)
at Plant 26A was completed, a major shop was expanded
(items 30A and 30B), and a new assembly building (item 4)
and numerous small utility/support and administration build-
ings were completed. Plant 26B was provided with a new
building containing 7 large U-type jet-engine test stands
(item 15A, Figure 6) with diffusers of varying heights and 6
small U-type engine test cells (item 15B) with unique silenc-
FIGURE 3. UFA AIRCRAFT ENGINE PLANT 26B,
WORLD WAR II PHOTOGRAPHY WHICH HAS BEEN RETOUCHED),
ers /deflectors. In addition, a large new assembly-type build-
ing (item 22) was constructed, the shop space of the plant
was more than doubled, and its utility and administration
support facilities were enlarged.
1964-1965
Only very minor improvements were made at Plants
26A and 26B during this period. At Plant 26A a new small
shop (item 3, Figure 5) and a small warehouse (item 10)
were built; at Plant 26B only 1 medium-sized new shop/
assembly building (item 18, Figure 6) was completed.
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1966-1967
REPRODUCED FROM ANNOTATED
In this period, at Plant 26A, 1 new medium-sized
assembly building (item 22, Figure 5) was added, a major
shop was expanded (items 30C and 30D), and, most im-
portantly, a very large new fabrication/assembly building
(item 1) was observed under construction. The roof cover
of this building will be approximately 840,000 square feet.
At Plant 26B no significant modifications or completion of
new structures occurred during 1966-1967, but early work on
a new probable 9- or 10-cell engine test building (item 6,
Figure 6) was noted.
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Table 2. Data on Ufa Aircraft Engine Plant d6B (Item numbers are keyed to Figure 6)
-.--f- Railroad
Road
Items first observed and completed in
-w- Wall
Items considered complete between
Items considered complete between
0 Stack
? Tank
Items u/ c in 1967 500
500
FEET APP RO XIMATE)
FIGURE 6. LAYOUT OF PLANT 26B.
Item
No
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14A
14B
15A
16
17
18
19
20
21
Function
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Boilerhouse
Utility bldg
Prob engine test bldg
Pump bldg
Transshipment bldg
Transshipment bldg
Transshipment bldg
Warehouse
Warehouse
Warehouse
Shop
Forge/foundry
Engine test bldg
Engine test bldg
Admin bldg
Utility bldg
Shop/assembly bldg
3-cell water cooling
tower
Diesel powerplant
Final assembly bldg
Assembly-type bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Utility bldg
Switching bldg
Warehouse
Assembly bldg
Utility bldg
Pump bldg
Dimensions (ft)*
L W H
Roof
Cover
(sq ft)
o%. which
*All measurements are accurate to ?5' or ever is grea ~f.
**Items were complete when first observed unless otherwise noted.
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Date
First
Observed* *
Comments
Bldg aprx 20% complete. Will
prob house 10 horizontal test
cells. Pipe sections in area
are aprx Pipe_ sections
diam
Bldg contains 7 large U-type
engine test cells. Shorter
diffusers are aprxl_Ihigh
Contains 6 small U-type engine
test cells. The date of com-
pletion of their silencers/ de-
flectors cannot be established
with certainty, but is prob 1963
Completed by
D
Bldg prob completed in 1942, but
this cannot be estab ' due
to interpretability o
photography
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REFERENCES
MAPS OR CHARTS
SAC series, scale 1:200,000
DOCUMENTS
0060-2
1. NSA. Possible Association Between the Dnepropetrovsk Missile Development and Production Center and Ofa, 11 Jul 62
(TOP SECRET
2. GCHQ. 3/ARU-E/C3112, Further References to Aero-Engine Factory No. 26, Ufa, to Co-located Telegraphic Address "Disk" and Particulars
of Telegraph Office 30, issued J25E/A/17/1/1961 (TOP SECRET
REQUIREMENT
CIA. C-D15-82,973
NPIC PROJECT
11212E K/66
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