INTELLIGENCE RESTRUCTURING SUGGESTIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP02T06251R000900300001-5
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 22, 2012
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 2, 1980
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/08/22 : CIA-RDP02T06251R000900300001-5
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/08/22 : CIA-RDP02T06251R000900300001-5
Declassified and Approved For Release 2012/08/22 : CIA-RDP02T06251R000900300001-5
June 2, 1980
INTELLIGENCE RESTRUCTURING SUGGESTIONS
by
Ray S. Cline
Executive Director of World Power Studies
The Center for Strategic and International Studies
Georgetown University
Former Deputy Director for Intelligence, CIA
Former Director of Intelligence and Research,
Department of State
The United States must rebuild its intelligence system,
damaged in recent years by excessive criticism and official
restraints, so as to provide national policymakers with
sufficient advance information to protect our national
security, promote our international interests, and develop
foreign policies suppotive of our friends and allies abroad.
We must have early warning of political or military shifts
in the world balance of power that might be adverse to
the United States and its international alliance system.
For these purposes prompt steps should be taken to improve
U.S. intelligence:
1) Reorganize the U.S. intelligence community, stressing
a tripartite structure of equally strong military, foreign
policy, and national (strategic) intelligence components.
2) In the reorganization eliminate the acronym "CIA"
which hostile propaganda has made a liability abroad.
3) Enlarge and strengthen the clandestine agent collec-
tion component of the intelligence system so as to establish
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a world-wide network of human sources reporting on politics,
economics, and strategic intentions as well as military
strengths.
? 4) Make the senior U.S. intelligence officer, now
called the Director of Central Intelligence (DCI), a Cabinet
level advisor to the President and an ex officio member
of the National Security Council; he should be responsible
for supervising and coordinating the budgets, the profes-
sional management, and the operational programs of the
Intelligence community's several component agencies. These
agencies would report to the President only through the
DCI; he should not be in day-to-day administrative command
of any one component; he should have authority to appoint
and replace the directors of the component intelligence
agencies, and he should be held responsible by the President
and the Congress for the overall effectiveness and the
total objectivity of all intelligence.
5) Establish under the DCI one overall national director
of research, analysis, and estimates, supervising independent
competing but coordinated centers of military, foreign
policy, and other national (strategic) research. This
whole confederal research organization should be separated
administratively from clandestine (illegal) operations.
The substantive findings of the research and analysis centers
should be made available to the entire Congress and the
public, subject to concurrence of the DCI, by the overall
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director of research, analysis, and estimates insofar as
the absolute requirement of protection of intelligence
sources and methods permits. Directors of the specialized
competing centers should have the right to forward to the
President, the National Security Council, and the Intelli-
gence Oversight Committees of the Congress independent
or dissenting conclusions but could not release their findings
to the entire Congress or to the public except with the
consent of the overall director of research, analysis,
and estimates and the concurrence of the DCI.
6) Set up separate technical and human-source intelli-
gence collection agencies as independent commands in various
government departments as most appropriate, each having
a director responsible for their operations. The directors
should report to the DCI, who should supervise and coordinate
their programs, budgets, and operational effectiveness.
When intelligence officers operate abroad, especially when
they are engaged in setting up human-source intelligence
networks, they should be provided the best official or
unofficial cover that can be devised by the DCI and negotiated
with cover' organizations and institutions.
7) The DCI should maintain a small psychological
strategy and covert action staff under the National Security
Council. The chief of this staff should be responsible
for recommending to the President through the DCI, and
with the concurrence of the director of the central human-
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source intelligence collection agency, feasible covert
programs abroad when these are in the U.S. national interest;
the chief of the psychological strategy and covert action
staff would be responsible directly to the DCI for providing
strategic guidance and monitoring the planning and carrying
out of covert actions when approved by the President; he
should not, however, be in the line of command between
the DCI and the chief of the human-source intelligence
agency, which should be tasked explicitly to carry out
covert action programs abroad under strategic guidance
approved by the DCI and the President.
8) Drop the elaborate charter developed by the Senate
Intelligence Committee, make some modest definitional and
functional changes in the National Security Act of 1947,
as amended, to allow fpr the restructuring here suggested,
and modify Executive Order 12036 accordingly.
9) Repeal the Hughes-Ryan amendment requiring multiple
reporting to Congressional committees on covert action
programs, leaving only the Senate and House Intelligence
Oversight Committees responsible for monitoring covert
action as well as other types of intelligence programs.
10) Pass legislation making it a crime to reveal the
identity of clandestine intelligence officers assigned
abroad under cover or knowingly to reveal secret intelligence
sources or secret intelligence methods.
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These ten suggestions for restructuring the intelligence
community will improve analytical and operational intelligence
capabilities if the President, the members of the National
Security Council, and the Congress support the importance
of the tasks outlined above and provide the necessary funds
for the highest quality of professional personnel and
technical equipment.
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