CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1960/04/18

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 03177889
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: March 17, 2020
• Document Release Date: March 26, 2020
• Publication Date: April 18, 1960

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TOP 5KLT
3.5(c)
3.3(h)(2)
18 April 1960
Copy No. C
CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
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18 APRIL 1960
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
USSR--Second vehicle launched from
TTMTR within 25 hours; neither be-
lieved to have achieved its objective.
Mikoyan, at end of visit to Iraq, says no
change envisaged in Soviet aid program
for Baghdad.
ASIA-AFRICA
South Africa's most influential African
leader reported dying as result of police
beatings.
Change or overthrow of Sudanese Govern-
ment increasingly likely.
Greek Government under increased pres-
sure to improve relations with USSR be-
cause of planned Menderes-Khrushchev
visits.
III. THE WEST
�Castro planning to use May Day rally to
demonstrate hemisphere and Sino-Soviet
support of his regime.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
18 April 1960
DAILY BRIEF
0(31 I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
*USSR: Two vehicles were launched from the Tyura
Tam Missile Test Range about 25 hours apart. The first
was launched at 1007 EST, 15 April, the second at 1108
pST, 16 April. Although there is evidence to the contrary,
the 15 April event was some type of space ven-
ture--probably with a lunar mission. Preliminary calcula-
tion reveals that the probe attained only enough velocity to
go into space about 115,000 miles. The continued lack of a
public announcement and the low velocity achieved indicate
that the vehicle failed to reach its objective.
Preliminary analysis of the 16 April event indicates that
the vehicle lifted off the launching pad but failed almost imme-
diately thereafter. The possibility exists that this was a stand-
by lunar vehicle, inasmuch� as it was launched at the next op-
timum time.
The 25-hour interval between the launchings is less than
half the previous shortest interval and suggests that at least
two launchinff pads arp availahlP nn thc Tviir Torn vorirra
ubbit-iraq: mikoyan s statements to the press on 16 April
at the end of his visit to Iraq were mostly cordial generalities.
Although he had several private talks with Qasim, no joint com-
munique was issued. The Iraqi Government's reception of
Mikoyan was correct but not enthusiastic, and the military and
the press continued their efforts to undermine the Communists.
11doscow would
oe receptive to Iraqi requests for additional economic aid. In
response to a direct question at his final press conference, how-
ever, Mikoyan said that no alteration of the existing $137,500,000
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aid program was envisaged because "we have such a good agree-
ment that there is no desire from either party to change it."
(Page 1)
II. ASIA-AFRICA
South Africa: /Albert Luthuli, the president of the African
National Congress and the most influential African nationalist in
South Africa, appears to be dying as a result of the harsh treat-
ment he received after his arrest on 30 March,
The death or permanent incapacitation of
Luthuli, who had exercised a restraining influence over African
extremists, would provide Africans throughout the country with
a rallying symbol for further action against the government. Re-
gardless of Luthuli's condition, serious disorders may occur if
Africans provoke police retaliation by heeding nationalist appeals
to begin a week-long stay-at-home campaign on 19 April.
Sudan: !Dissension within the top leadership of the Abboud
military regime is growing, as each of the several factions tries
to line up army and civilian supporters. The regime's unpopular-
ity has increased, partly as a result of strong pressures by influ-
ential political and religious leaders for a return to civilian gove
ment. Junior army officers and elements of the National Unionist
party reportedly are again planning a coup� It seems doubtful that
all five regional army commanders would sutmort the regime in
the event of a showdown. (Page 3)
Greece: jThe recent announcement that Turkish Prime Minis-
ter Menderes and Soviet Premier Khrushchev will exchange visits
this summer has created difficulties for the Greek Government,
according to Foreign Minister Averoff. Opposition groups, both
left and right, are again denouncing the "inflexible" foreign policy
which has left Greece almost alone in its opposition to the USSR's
economic and cultural offensive. Thus the government may decide I
18 Apr 60
DAILY BRIEF ii
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at must make some dramatic move toward imnrovinff relations
with the bloc,D (Page 4)
III. THE WEST
Cuba: Fidel Castro seems intent on making the May Day
rally in Havana a demonstration of strong support for his regime
not only by the Cuban masses but also by public sentiment through-
out the hemisphere. Evidently aware of the cool attitude of most
1.4 Latin American governments, he is trying to show hemisphere
fisupport by inviting numerous political figures who are out of of-
, ( flee but have widespread reputations as liberal or "anti-imperi-
alist" leaders. he Cuban Communist party is taking a leading
part in preparations for the rally, and almost 100 representatives
from Cdmmunist China and Soviet bloc countries are expected to
participate A (Page 5)
18 Apr 60
DAILY BRIEF iii
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I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
The Mikoyan Visit to Iraq
Soviet First Deputy Premier Mikoyan's eight-day visit
to Iraq did not inhibit the Iraqi government and army from
continuing strong measures to undermine the Iraqi Commu-
nists. The government's reception of Mikoyan was correct
but not particularly enthusiastic. Although he talked pri-
vately with Qasim several times, no communique was issued.
His statements to a press conference on 16 April, the day
of his departure, were mostly cordial generalities. In a mes-
sage late in March reporting arrangements for the visit,
the Soviet Government had
indicated that it would be receptive to Iraqi requests for addi-
tional economic aid. In response to a direct question at his
final press conference, however, Mikoyan revealed that no al-
teration of the $137,500,000 economic aid program was envis-
aged. He said, "We have such a good agreement that there is
no desire from either party to change it."
Nationalist newspapers used the visit as an occasion for
new attacks on Iraqi Communists, and one paper asked directly,
"Have you, 0 Comrade, come to communize?" The Baghdad
military court began trials of a large additional group of Com-
munists, and the army used force to break up several small
strikes, apparently Communist inspired. [When Mikoyan went
to Basra on 14 April, the Iraqi army and police sealed off all
avenues approaching his routelinto the city and beat off crowds
of Communist demonstrators who attempted to break through.-1
Soviet displeasure at these tactics--and perhaps at the en-
tire tone of Mikoyan's reception in Iraq--was reflected by an
Izvestia criticism that Mikoyan was Drevented from having con-
tact with "the Iraqi people."
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II. ASIA-AFRICA
South African Native Leader �porteaDying
114..lbert Luthuli, the president of the African National Congress
and the most influential African nationalist in South Africa, ap-
pears to be dying as a result of the harsh treatment he received
from the ace ter his arrest on 30 March,
Luthuli is reportedly suffering from danger-
pressure as a result of police beatings.
ven if Luthuli should survive, he will be a "dull
and shuffling moron]
ii.iuthuli is almost the only African nationalist whose prestige
extends throughout South Africa. His program has been moderate,
emphasizing peaceful reform. He has favored the creation of an
African-dominated state, with non-African minority rights consti-
tutionally guaranteed. Although government-imposed restrictions
have hindered his activities, he has heretofore acted to restrain
African extremists. His death or permanent incapacitation would
provide Africans throughout the country with a rallying symbol for
further action against the government]
Re ardless of Luthuli's condition, serious disorders may oc-
cur if Africans provoke police retaliation by heeding nationalist
appeals to begin a weeklong stay-at-home camiain
--SEC-RE-T--
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�Alik
The Sudanese Situation
The possibility of a sudden move to change or overthrow
the Abboud military regime in the Sudan is growing. Dissen-
sion within the Supreme Military Council--the top governing
body--has become acute, as each of its several factions tries
to line up army and civilian support. Two council members,
Deputy Army Commander in Chief Hasan Bashir Nasir and
Minister of Information Talat Farid, have resorted to the use
of spies to keep track of each other's activities
lInfluential political and religious leaders have sustained
their pressures for a rapid return to civilian government, and
the Supreme Council members have been unable to agree on how
to deal with them. The minister of interior has refused to pre-
sent them with an ultimatum to desist or be jailed unless such
action is endorsed by all army leaders. The head of the Ansar
religious sect, which could probably muster several thousand
partially armed tribesmen in an emergency,has warned the gov-
ernment that action against him would force "drastic counter-
measures."]
/Junior army officers are again plotting a coup; elements of
the National Unionist party are reportedly in contact with some
of them for the purpose of joint planning to seize control of the
government. A week ago, a considerable quantity of arms and
ammunition was allegedly stolen from Khartoum military stores;
almost immediately army units in the Khartoum area were put
on standby alert.]
Lit seems doubtful that the regime can count on support of all
five regional army commanders in the event of a full-scale show-
down.]
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Greek Government Faces Increasing4I�ressure to ImprOve
Relations With USSR
(The announcement on 12 April that Turkish Prime Minister
Menderes and Soviet Premier Khrushchev will exchange visits
has caused the Greek Government more domestic difficulties
than it had anticipated, according to Greek Foreign Minister
Averoff. The opposition press, both the far left and the anti-
Communist center, is again attacking the government's "inflex-
ible" foreign policy. Several non-Communist political leaders
have denounced the government for permitting Greece to become
isolated in its opposition to the Soviet bloc's economic and cul-
tural offensive. Liberal party leader Venizelos has seized the
opportunity to announce that he has accepted a month old Soviet
invitation to visit the USSR. Venizelos, although a non-Commu-
nist, is sufficiently vain and ambitious to be used by the USSR
for propaganda to undermine Greek Prime Minister Karamanlis:]
he USSR has alternately used the "carrot and the stick" in
attempting to "normalize" its relations with Greece, and late
last year the Soviet ambassador in Athens vainly attempted to
arrange an exchange of visits between Karamanlis and Khrushchefl
athens is "resentful and unhappy" over Ankara's precipitate
announcement of the visits and its omission of the fact that Men-
deres will visit Athens before going to Moscow,_]
EAveroff has told the American ambassador that Athens must
soon decide if it will "fall in line" and abandon its resistance to a
detente. Thus Athens may decide to make some dramatic move
to improve its relations with the blneD
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III. THE WEST
Plans for Cuban May Day Rally
Fidel Castro seems determined to make the May Day
rally in Havana a demonstration of strong support for his re-
gime not only by the Cuban masses but also by public senti-
ment throughout the hemisphere and by the Sino-Soviet bloc.
A parade by the armed forces and militia units is planned
to show Cuba's capacity to repel the foreign invasion Castro of-
ficials insist is being plotted by "imperialism!' (-Previous plans
for a march of a million workers are rumored to have been
abandoned because of a bitter fight within the Cuban Labor Con-
federation (CTC) over the government's endorsement of efforts
to purge non-Communist leaders. The Cuban Communist party
has taken advantage of this situation to usurp CTC responsibility
for organizing the May Day celebration, hoping thus to strengthen
its influence with Castro and within the CTC.I
Delegations invited from other Latin American countries in-
clude liberal leaders--many of them widely respected--who re-
cently signed a "statement of solidarity with the Cuban Revolu-
tion." Their presence would be used to demonstrate support by
nonofficial hemisphere groups and to offset the coolness of most
Latin American governments toward Castro and their concern
over his rejection of the Rio de Janeiro Inter-American Treaty
of Reciprocal Assistance.
iCastro will also probably attempt to attract to Havana a large
number of the prominent liberals and leftists from all Latin Amer-
ican countries and the United States who have been invited to
Maracay, Venezuela, from 21 to 26 April to attend the schedr.
uled conference of the Inter-American Association for the Defense
of Democracy and Freedom--a meeting which is supported by Vene-
zuelan President Betancourt's regime. Those invited to the Maracay
conference include eight former chiefs of state and other inf1uent1a17
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Gpolitical leaders and government officials, several of whom have
long been considered unfriendly toward the USJ
The Cuban Government reportedly is paying transportation
and lodging costs for 18 Chinese Communists who will participate
in the May Day rally. Along with 73 Soviet visitors and other bloc
delegations, the Chinese will probably be given a prominent place
in the demonstration.
The American Embassy in Havana is convinced the rally will
have a strong anti-US and Communist-line flavor.
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I S. I 11.1-1
THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
Scientific Adviser to the President
Director of the Budget
Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination
Chairman, Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration
The Counselor
Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
The Director, The Joint Staff
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations
Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of Army
Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of Navy
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Department of Commerce
The Secretary of Commerce
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
National Security Agency
The Director
National Indications Center
The Director
CONFIDENTIAL
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