CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1958/05/01

Document Type: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
03169490
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
U
Document Page Count: 
20
Document Creation Date: 
January 27, 2020
Document Release Date: 
January 30, 2020
Sequence Number: 
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
May 1, 1958
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULL[15772450].pdf992.74 KB
Body: 
Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 war -TOP-SECRET �to 3.3(h)(2) 3.5(c) 1 May 1958 Copy No. 140 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN DOCUMENT NO. NO CHANGE IN CLASS. I LecI CLA5J GliPsITED TO: "CS A bo NEX-1 AUTH: I GAT TOP SECRET RENEWER: I Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 AMk TOP SECRET Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 rD 1 MAY 1958 L THE COMMUNIST BLOC Soviet tactics on Arctic inspection pro- posal indicate renewed emphasis on efforts to force summit conference on Soviet terms. 0 Soviet fishing trawlers off Newfound- land probably associated with Soviet submarine operations. USSR using more of its own merchant ships and reducing Western charters in trade with free world countries. 0 II. ASIA-AFRICA Leaders of Jordan, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and Iran willing to support Lebanese President Chamoun as anti- Nasir symbol. British mount sizable military opera- tion against Yemeni-supported tribes- men in Aden-Yemen frontier area. _ Indonesia - Prime Minister Djuanda denounces foreign intervention. Labor unions likely to pursue similar theme which may result in renewed anti- American demonstrations. Tangier conference barely staved off immediate creation of Algerian rebel government-in-exile; increased support Ofor rebels expected. III. THE WEST Adenauer expresses view that USSR really wants disarmament and would negotiate seriously at summit meet- ing. Colombia - Some possibility of violence, particularly in the provinces. Vice Pres- () ident Nixon to visit Bogota 11-13 May. LATE ITEM USSR - Further information on mis- sile activity at Tyura Tam on 26-27 April; see page iv of Daily Brief. �'710-P-SteRET Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 ,14-6 .Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 1 �.."1 0.1Esl�li.C.4 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN 1 May 1958 DAILY BRIEF I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC Soviet summit tactics: The Soviet response to the American Arctic inspection proposal indicates that the USSR is making a further effort to force the convening of a summit conference on its own terms. Gromyko's warning that the USSR would "send rockets to repel the imminent threat" if American bombers violated Soviet frontiers is an attempt to increase pressure on the United States for a summit meeting by trying to create the im- pression that the danger of war has seriously increased. Sobolev reiterated Soviet opposition to giving priority to measures against surprise attacks, emphasizing that all disarmament matters should be discussed at the summit rather than in the UN Security Council where the USSR is in the minority. (Page 1) Soviet naval activity: Large, modern Soviet fishing trawlers are appearing in increasing numbers off New- foundland. Recent activities of these trawlers indicate that, in addition to fishing, they could support long-range Soviet submarines on patrol, and carry out surveys to aid future submarine operations in the area. (Page 2) (Map and Photo) Soviet merchant shipping: In support of its economic offensive, the USSR is using more of its own merchant ves- sels in trade with free world countries. By reducing its dependence on chartered Western ships, the USSR conserves TOP SECRET Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 XX N Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490' r..1 �J 1-4 Z t La I %se NINO' foreign exchange., Its action at this time also adds to the difficulties of Western shipowners who are confronted by a depressed charter market. (Page 3) (Charts) II. ASIA-AFRICA Lebanon: Pro-Western leaders in the Middle East are increasingly interested in supporting President Cha- mounts ambition to succeed himself, because they re- gard him as a symbol of hostility to "Nasirism." King Husayn of Jordan has agreed to send about 500 weapons with ammunition by truck to Beirut as soon as possible in response to a request from Chamoun. Husayn states he has also received a message from King Saud, who asked that the Jordanian Government give Chamoun all possible support to keep Lebanon out of Nasir's camp. The Shah of Iran is known to be sending arms, and the Turkish and Iraqi governments have already expressed their willingness to support Chamoun. (Page 4) Aden - Yemen: The largest British military opera- tion in the Aden Protectorate in recent years has been mounted against 600-1,000 Yemeni-supported dissident tribesmen, who are backing an anti-British claimant to an emirate in the ill-defined Aden-Yemen border area. Three companies of British infantry and a company of native troops, accompanied by small elements of armored cars and light artillery and RAF support, were sent from Aden to restore order and have relieved a British pont- 'cal officer and a platoon of native troops besieged by the ebels. Page 5) (Map) Indonesia: During their May Day celebrations, Indo- esian labor unions are likely to issue a resolution pro- esting foreign intervention in the Indonesian civil conflict. Such a development, following closely on Premier Djuanda's 1 May 58 DAILY BRIEF ii TOFL-SEGREZ Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 44* � � � _Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 moo strong denunciation of foreign aid to the dissidents, may be a prelude to renewed anti-American demonstrations. The army chief of staff has appointed one of his deputies to conduct a "purge" of the South Sumatran mil- itary commander under Lt. Col. Barlian, who has re- mained neutral during the fighting in Central and North Sumatra. (Page 6) North Africa: The most immediate effect of the con- ference of Moroccan, Tunisian, and Algerian nationalist leaders who met in Tangier from 27 through 30 April will probably be an increase in Moroccan efforts in support of the Algerian rebellion,which will also continue to receive all possible Tunisian assistance. The chief Tunisian dele- gate reports that the moderates had a tough fight in prevent- ing the adoption of an anti-Western position and in postpon- ing a decision to create immediately an Algerian nationalist government-in-exile. As the final communique suggests, the problems of a government-in-exile and of "permanent organizations" are to be resolved by consultation between the Moroccan and Tunisian governments and Aleerian Na- tional Liberation Front representatives. (Page 7) III. THE WEST West Germany - USSR: Chancellor Adenauer has told the American ambassador in Bonn he got the impression in his recent talks with Mikoyan in Bonn that the USSR can be brought to a serious discussion of disarmament. Adenaueres conviction that controlled disarmament should be the main topic of a summit conference was strengthened. He appar- ently feels that there is a possibility of capitalizing on Soviet peaceful professions as expressed by Mikoyan. Adenauer told I May 58 DAILY BRIEF 111 N\1 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 �,-; � Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 � %or VI 1 "11111," �s: Mikoyan he was opposed to the creation of a "nuclear-free zone" because it could be overshot by nuclear weapons from both sides and the zone would itself be endangered by fall- out. (Page 8) Colombia: Former dictator Rojas Pinilla, who was ousted by a military junta a year ago, may return to at- tempt a coup before the presidential election of 4 May. Such an attempt would have almost no chance of success, but it might cause some outbreaks of violence, particu- larly in the provinces. Vice President Nixon's state visit to Bogota is scheduled for 11-13 May. (Page 9) LATE ITEM Soviet missile activity of 26-27 April: Available evi- dence still does not permit positive identification of the operation noted on the Tyura Tam Guided Missile Test Range on 26-27 April. The most probable explanation is that the launching of a space vehicle, such as an attempted lunar probe or a more sophisticated satellite, was at- tempted and failed sometime after launch. There are, how- ever, some indications that this activity may have been a unique range-wide practice. (Page 10) 1 May 58 DAILY BRIEF iv TOP SECRET Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 tat,/ .1.151.41 V I /111, I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC USSR Seeking to Shift Arctic Inspection Plan To Summit Talks The USSR views the American proposal for inspection in the Arctic zone as an attempt to discuss disarmament in the United Nations rather than at a summit meeting. For- eign Minister Gromyko stated that Moscow would rebuff Western efforts to draw the USSR back into the Disarma- ment Commission. Soviet spokesmen have tried to use their charges about American bomber flights to emphasize the im- portance of summit talks and have indignantly denied that their charges indicated resistance to the summit. At the UN Security Council, Soviet delegate Sobolev has introduced a resolution urging that a summit conference be convened soon to discuss a variety of issues including sur- prise attack. Sobolev repeated the long-standing Soviet ac- cusations that the US wants aerial inspection only to gather intelligence. He claimed that an inspection system would not prevent further American bomber flights because it would not remove American bases abroad or prevent the radar errors that he said had caused such flights. The USSR has consist- ently opposed giving priority to measures against surprise attack, and has probably made counterproposals to American plans only to avoid appearing negative. At a summit meeting, the USSR might revive its proposals, referred to by Gromyko, for inspection zones in Europe, the western United States, and the eastern USSR. The USSR has always opposed the Arctic plan, which Gromyko pointed out in- cluded Soviet territory but none of the United States proper. CONFIDENTIAL 1 May 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN page 1 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Type of Soviet trawler operating in North Atlantic Areas of major.Soviet.trawier activity 1 MAY 1958 GREEN 40 1 Nautical Miles ' Statute Miles Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 vie Soviet Fishing Fleet Possibly Supporting Submarine Operations In North Atlantic The increased operations of the Soviet high-seas fishing trawlers in the North Altantic off Newfoundland suggest that these ships are engaged in other than fishing activities. Re- cent surveillance of the larger and more modern Soviet trawlers operating in this area indicates that a fair portion of their time is spent stopped or cruising at very slow speed in water in areas known to be unproductive or believed too deep for fishing. Commercial fishermen of Western coun- tries have repeatedly commented that the Soviet ships con- tinue to work areas and use techniques unprofitable for cus- tomary fishing practices. The trawlers may be carrying out hydrographic and oce- anographic surveys which would aid future submarine opera- tions in the area, and could provide support to any Soviet submarines requiring assistance. There is evidence that Soviet submarine officers are temporarily assigned to non- military ships, including fishing vessels, to gain area fa- miliarization in foreign waters. The location of the Soviet fishing fleet off Newfoundland would permit electronic surveillance, including the monitor- ing of North American communications. Extensive antenna radioarray and aci `lilies have been noted on these ships. --SECRET- 1 May 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 2 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 AN% SOVIET MERCHANT FLEET CARGO SHIPS 546 506 .vOPERATING OUTSIDE BLOC WATERS JAN 1956 JAN 1957 JAN 1958 1 MAY 1958 INTERNAL USSR NEEDS COMMUNIST FAR EAST TRADE FREE WORLD TRADE JAN 1956 JAN 1957 96 JAN 1958 SMALL TANKERS DESIGNED FOR INTERNAL USE TANKERS OCEAN- 80429 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 7.rie Nor Soviet Merchant Fleet Operations The deputy minister of the Soviet merchant marine emphasized early this year the need for increasing fur- ther the volume of foreign trade cargoes carried by the Soviet fleet. He declared that domestic ship production would end dependence on Western steamship companies and save foreign exchange. Complete self-sufficiency will probably not be achieved soon, but the USSR hopes that by the end of this year all its petroleum exports will be carried by Soviet tankers. Since the closure of the Suez Canal in late 1956 and early 1957, the USSR has diverted more than 20 tankers from intrabloc and domestic trade to trade with the free world. At the present time 80 percent of Soviet ocean-going tankers are being used in petroleum trade with the free world. Soviet cargo ships are also increasingly used for trade with the free world. Soviet ships now are carrying all Soviet imports of Cuban sugar and Canadian wheat, whereas in 1956, Western ships were chartered to carry all Cuban sugar im- ports and 65 percent of the wheat purchases from Canada. This competition is also felt elsewhere. Danish shipping officials, for example, complain that the increasing propor- tion of Soviet vessels being used in Soviet-Danish trade is further reducing opportunities available to Danish shipping companies. 1 may 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 3 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 %L., �61, II. ASIA-AFRICA Pro-Western Leaders in Middle East Concerned Over Lebanese Presidential Situation The interest of pro-Western leaders in the Middle East in President Chamoun's re-election appears to be mounting. Jordan's King Husayn regards the situation in Lebanon as critical and has expressed great concern over UAR subversive activities aimed at undermining the pro-Western government and preventing Chamoun's re- election. Husayn says that King Saud has asked him to provide Chamoun with "all possible assistance," since the fall of Lebanon into Nasir's camp would have serious repercussions throughout the Middle East. In response to a request from Chamoun, Husayn has agreed to dis- patch about 500 rifles with ammunition by truck as soon as possible. The Shah of Iran, who regards Chamoun as the sole Lebanese leader strong enough to oppose NaSir, has dis- closed that he furnished Chamoun with 2,000 rifles and had sent religious leaders to Lebanon for the purpose of urging the Shia Moslems, who compose nearly half of Lebanon's Moslem population, to support Chamoun. Iran's Baghdad Pact partners, Turkey and Iraq, have already stated their willingness to support Chamoun and have expressed the hope that the US will do likewise. 1 May 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 4 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 "IS API% SAUDI ARABIA Al Hudaydah / FRENCH : SOMALI LAND .Sana Harib. YEMEN EM IRATE OF DHALA Taiz. .�9ja .i/gS.TERN1ADEN PROTECTORATE LSI% � SULTANATE OF ,L_ji.dri,c4 LAHEJ BEN COLONY (UK) Baidha. � r JLOW E UK) GULF OF EASTERN ADEN PROTECTORATE Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 11-ILJ Aden-Yemen Frontier Trouble The British have launched the largest military opera- tion in the Aden Protectorate in recent years to put down a new outbreak of subversion in the Emirate of Dhala, about 70 miles north of Aden Colony on the disputed Yemen frontier. The rebellion is led by a Yemeni-backed anti-British claimant to the rule of Dhala, supported by 600-1,000 Yemeni-armed dissident tribesmen. About 600 men, including three com- panies of British infantry and a company of British-led na- tive troops, accompanied by small elements of armored cars and light artillery, moved to Dhala from Aden on 29 April in preparation for a drive to disperse the rebels, and have relieved a British political officer and a platoon of native troops besieged 18 miles to the northwest. The campaign has been supported by the British jet fighter squadron and by four-engined Shackleton bombers in Aden Colony. Dhala is the second protectorate state entered by British troops in as many weeks in a campaign to head off Yemeni- inspired subversion, which seeks by intimidation and bribery to encourage local rulers to renounce association with Brit- ain. Last week British troops from Aden Colony entered the Sultanate of Lahej to arrest anti-British nationalists accused of conspiring with the Sultan to break with Britain and affiliate with the Yemen-UAR federation. The Sultan has flown to London to protest, while British troops remain in Lahej. In another state, Lower Yafa, the ruler's son has taken most of the state's funds and troops and fled to an inaccessible area where he claims allegiance of many tribes and is attempting to organize a rebel force. Some other protectorate rulers, fearing Yemen's designs on the protectorate, are re-examining an earlier British pro- p sal for federation of the protectorate states. 1 May 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 5 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 A Nose Situation in Indonesia Apparently with the encouragement of President Sukarno, Indo- nesian labor unions in May Day celebrations may publicly protest foreign intervention in Indonesian affairs. Prime Minister Djuanda made a strong public statement on the subject on 30 April, specifi- cally charging that recent dissident bombings in Borneo and East Indonesia were carried out with foreign assistance and that the dis- sidents had employed pilots of American and Taiwanese nationalities. Foreign Minister Subandrio asked the American ambassador in Djakarta to request US mediation with the Republic of China to stop the supply of arms to the rebels. This trend in official thinking, combined with possible Communist exploitation, could easily lead to renewed anti-American demonstrations and incidents directed against Chinese Nationalists in Indonesia. Chief of Staff General Nasution hopes to make a deal with North Celebes dissidents and thereby avoid an invasion. If arrangements cannot be made, however, the government attack will be carried out as planned, North Celebes forces would offer little resistance. In any event, the area to be under Djakarta's control by the end of May. General Nasution has sent a deputy chief of staff to South Sumatra, an area which remained neutral during the Central Sumatran revolt, with full authority to investigate and suspend officers found to have been disloyal to the central government. The deputy area commander, Major Nawawi, who had already been suspended, is reported to have fled into the jungle with a number of his troops. A late report sug- gests that Lt. Col. Barlian, the local commander, may be in trouble for not having taken "firm measures" against disloyal members of his staff. As a result of bombings by a dissident aircraft in Borneo, BPM, a Shell subsidiary, has ordered a temporary closure of its Borneo installations. Djakarta will now be dependent on two foreign refiner- ies in South Sumatra for refined petroleum products. Apparently to ensure continued access to them, air force personnel have taken con- trol of the South Sumatran refineries. 1 May 58 SECRET CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 6 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 SECRET Tangier Conference of North African Political Leaders An increase in Moroccan support for the Algerian rebellion will probably, be the most immediate effect of the conference of Moroccan Istiqlal, Tunisian Neo-Destour, and Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN) leaders, who met in Tangier from 27 through 30 April. The Moroc- can King is to have promised increased aid to the FLN delegates. The Tunisians, who have fur- nished substantially more assistance than the Moroccans, presumably will continue their support. The conference probably is the first significant step toward creating a Maghrebian (North African) federation. Its final communiqu�ecommended the formation of an in- dependent Algerian government after FLN consultation with the Moroccan and Tunisian governments and the creation of a North African consultative assembly. The conference es- tablished a permanent North African secretariat with head- quarters both in Tunis and Rabat. The conferees also de- manded that French troops be evacuated from Tunisia and Morocco, that France cease aggression against Algeria, and that NATO and other powers cease "political and ma- terial aid" prolonging the colonial war. The chief Tunisian delegate said that his delegation and the Moroccans had persuaded the FLN delegates, who came to Tangier with "governmental lists" in their pockets, to postpone establishing a government. He claimed that Ferhat Abbas, well-known moderate member of the FLII's nine member directorate and delegate to the Tangier conference, had been included on these lists as president of the proposed Algerian government. -SECRET-- 1 May 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 7 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Nog, Nide III. THE WEST Adenauer Comments on Mikoyan Visit Soviet First Deputy Premier Mikoyan's recent visit to Bonn has strengthened Chancellor Adenauer's view-- expressed earlier in London to Prime Minister Macmillan-- that the USSR may be prepared to accept some degree of dis- armament. In five-hour-long personal talks, which the chancellor characterized as "lively but not disagreeable," Adenauer stressed his conviction that, with the present bal- ance between the armed forces of the East and West, now is the best time to negotiate controlled disarmament, both nu- clear and conventional. He apparently feels there is a pos- sibility of capitalizing on Soviet peaceful professions as ex- pressed by Mikoyan. He also reiterated his suggestion that a summit conference be extended at the expert level over a period of years if necessary. West German Foreign Ministry officials have explained apologetically that Adenauer's de-emphasis on German re- unification as a summit agenda item is occasioned largely by domestic political considerations. The chancellor is wor- ried over the effect on the five state elections this year of the Bundestag's decision to accept modern weapons for the German Army. Adenauer rejected Mikoyan's offer not to use Soviet nuclear weapons against West Germany if the Federal Republic is kept free of such weapons on the ground that such guarptees are worthless in a global war. SECRET 1 May 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 8 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 L.FL,w Former Dictator May Try Coup in Colombia Gustavo Rojas Pint11a, who was ousted as Colombian dictator a year ago, is said to be returning from exile to try a coup before the presidential election scheduled for 4 May. He has almost no chance of succeeding, however, because the governing military junta has been alerted. Rojista forces, who are Conservative, believe that the governing junta has "betrayed the country" because a Liberal is the virtually certain victor in next Sunday's election. Extreme Conservatives fear to lose their gov- ernment jobs, both on the civilian level and in the police. The junta appears to control the majority of the armed forces and is itself unlikely to defect to Rojas because of strong opposition to him from the country's well-organized civilian pressure groups. Rojas apparently will try to rally friends in the remote interior provinces, where ex- treme Conservatives are strongest and the military are friendly. Sporadic violence, which has recently caused about 50 deaths per month in each affected province, would be increased by any attempt at a coup. SECRET 1 May 58 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 9 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C031169490 � �,..� � N-71-0.01XJ-i -.N4011 LATE ITEM Statement of Guided Missile Intelligence Committee of 30 April 1958 On 26-27 April 1958, the Soviets conducted an eight-hour countdown on the Tyura Tam Guided Missile Test Range, reaching zero time about 0300 EDT. Available evidence does not permit positive identification of the op- eration, although there are some indications that this was a unique range- wide practice. There are stronger indications* that an object was ac- tually launched, but its purpose and the degree of success are not known, and it may have been a failure. The event did not appear to involve a test ICBM or an ESV operation similar to Sputniks I and II utilizing 20 and 40 megacycles. The most probable explanation is the attempted launching of a space vehicle, such as an attempted lunar probe, or a more sophis- ticated satellite, such as an attempted recoverable one. If a successful lunar probe, there should be some official Soviet statement forthcoming very soon. (The time of flight to the moon being between one and one half and about four days.) It is possible that elec- tronic emissions from the satellite have been concealed or purposefully kept quiet to date in order that some particular psychological effect may be achieved by the Soviets through timing the announcement of the event today, on May Day. An attempted recovery of a satellite, or portion thereof, should have involved considerable tracking activity, which has not been de- tected. Another likely explanation is that one of the above events was at- tempted and failed sometime after launching, in which case we are unlikely to acquire further data. We have definitely expected not only more satellite launchings by now for the announced IGY program, but would especially expect some- thing spectacular for the celebration of May Day. Since the Tyura Tam range is generally active for about ten hours before a firing, and the range is now quiet, we do not believe any firing will be scheduled for this celebration. Review of this information in connection with the /sk tchy available this operation was a failure some- after launch. 1 May 58 -----TCENZ�SEGRET-L INTELLIGENct Page 10 Approved for Release: 2019/08/20 C03169490