CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1959/05/07

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 03153738
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 16
• Document Creation Date: February 25, 2020
• Document Release Date: February 27, 2020
• Publication Date: May 7, 1959

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7 May 1959
Copy No. C 63
CENTRAL
IYTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
DOC,IJMENT NO.
NO CHANGE IN CLASS.
PECLASSIFICI)
CIA; CI fANGED TO: T
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7 MAY 1956
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Chinese Communist rebuttal of Nehru's
remarks about Tibet hints at desire to
improve Sino-Indian relations; further
exchanges likely.
Soviet note charging Kishi with want-
ing to involve Japan in nuclear arms
race is aimed at influencing June elec-
tions for Japanese upper house.
Gromyko makes strong statement to
Iranian ambassador on Iranian-Soviet
relations.
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Iraqi Embassy in Moscow empowered
to issue visas to bloc personnel with-
nut nrior annroval from Baghdad.
Iraqi security forces with aid from
irregulars regaining control of tribal
areas near Turkish and Iranian bor-
ders.
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0 Arms en route to Algerian rebels be
to have come from Saudi Arabia.
0 West Germans to build pipeline and
terminal facilities for Iran from Aba-
dan to Persian Gulf.
III. THE WEST
British-Icelandic fishing dispute ag-
gravated by more incidents.
Nicaragua - Exile groups still plan-
ning action against Somoza regime.
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CEI�fhtliA' L INTELLIGENCE BULIIIIN
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7 May 1959
DAILY BRIEF
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Communist China - India: Peiping has issued a lengthy
rebuttal of Nehru's statements on Tibet. The People's Daily
article, which describes-Nehru as a,J'friend of China," is
probably intended to prepare the way for an improvement
in Sino-Indian relations. The Chinese call for an end to mu-
tual recriminations, but warn that any new Indian criticisms
will be answered. Although Nehru will be further irritated
by the continuing Chinese charges that India intervened ix.. the
Tibetan situation, he is also interested in easing the strain
between the two countries. (Page 1)
USSR-Japan: Moscow is attempting to influence the im-
portant Japanese upper-house elections in June by charging
that the Kishi government intends to involve Japan in a nu-
clear arms race. A Soviet note delivered in Tokyo on 4 May
claims that the Japanese Government is "encouraging" the
arming of US forces in Japan with nuclear weapons and that
it is "taking measures to arm" Japanese forces with such
weapons. Tokyo intends to reject Moscow's latest charges
in a formal note. Similar Soviet moves prior to previous elec-
tions have damaged the position of the Japanese left.
(Page 2)
USSR-Iran: Soviet Foreign Minister Gromyko,
told the Iranian am-
bassador on 30 April that an improvement in Soviet-Iranian
relations was dependent on Tehran's taking some positive steps
which would "make us confident of Iran's sincerity." Gromyko
charged Iranian officials with preparing to break relations,
and declared that Tehran must find a way "as soon as possi-
ble" to make up for the "insult we have suffered." Iranian mes-
sages still indi7
fp ripen concern over continuing Soviet prop-
aganda attacks.
(Page 3)
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Watch Committee conclusion--Berlin: No significant changes
I�o bearing on the possibility of hostilities.
t�
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Watch Committee conclusion�Middle East: Situations sus-
ceptible of direct exploitation by Sino-Soviet-bloc action which
would jeopardize US interests exist in the Middle East, particu-
larly in Iraq and Iran. The situation in the area remains pre-
carious, but a deliberate initiation of large-scale hostilities is
unlikely in the immediate future.
Iraq: The Communists are now moving to consolidate their
dominant position by seeking representation in the cabinet. Al-
though Qasim appears reluctant to permit overt political parties,
he shows no signs that he is contemplating resolute anti-Commu-
nist action.
Iraq-USSR: The Iraqi Embassy in Moscow has been empow-
ered to issue visas to citizens of the Soviet Union and other bloc
enuntries without first obtaining approval from Baghdad,
This proce ure con ras s
whihihe Iraqi Government has placed on the issuance of visas
to citizens of Western countries, and is probably designed to
speed up the entry of Soviet if1ranineonnectiofl
wth recent aid agreements.,
Iraq: Iraqi security forces, supplemented by Popular Re-
sistaria�groups and volunteers, are gradually regaining control
AO of villages and police posts which had been occupied by dissident
Kurdish tribes near the Turkish and Iranian borders, according
to intercepted Iraqi messages. (Page 4)
Algeria: An Arab ship, believed to be carrying 250 tons
0 of unmarked arms and some military vehicles from Jidda to the
\A. Algerian rebels, is scheduled to arrive in Bengasi on about 7 May,
7 May 59
DAILY BRIEF
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Saudi Arabia, which purchases arms for the rebels in West
Germany, is becoming, along with Iraq, a major supplier of aid
to the Algerian rebels.
Iran-tin:7 me tionn(governmenrmas agreea to unaerwrite
private West German construction of Iran's high priority
$125,000,000 pipeline project, including terminal facilities,
from the Abadan refinery to the Persian Gulf. The entire out-
put of Iran's 415,000 barrel-per-day Abadan refinery is cur-
rently dependent on the Iraqi-controlled Shatt-al-Arab River
for exit to world shipping routes. Tehran has long feared that
Iraq might close the Shatt-al-Arab to ships carrying Iranian
oil. Tehran also claims that the $8,0002000 it pays yearly in
river dues is excessive. (Page 5) (Map)
I I I. THE WEST
Britain-Iceland: ¢ incidents, involving warning shots,
have aggravated tile eight-month-old dispute over Iceland's uni-
lateral extension of its fishing limits. An Icelandic court has
fined a British trawler captain heavily. Both sides may now
act more aggressively, and relations between the two NATO al-
lies may deteriorate further?
(Page 6)
Nicaragua: groups continue planning revolutionary
j action against the Somoza regime. An opposition leader inside
r11' Nicaragua claims to have been informed that an exile group in
If Costa Rica plans a probing action across the border in the near
future (Page 7)
7 May 59
DAILY BRIEF iii
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I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Sino -Indian Relations
Peiping has issued a point-by-point rebuttal of Nehru's re-
cent statements on Tibet, particularly that of 27 April which
attempted to set the record straight on Judo-Tibetan relations.
While the People's Daily editorial states that criticism of Com-
munist actlaFiiril. 1 not go unanswered, its moderate tone con-
trasts with the recent bitter denunciation of "Indian expansion-
ists" and represents an effort to pave the way for improvement
in Sino-Indian relations.
Describing Nehru as a "friend of China," People's Daily agrees
that India has no "political ambitions" in Tibet, but renTraFthe
Indian prime minister that his remarks on Peiping's failure to
honor its assurances of Tibetan autonomy are construed as "in-
terference." Nehruts avowed sympathy for the Tibetan rebels is
in "error," the article states, repeating Peiping's claim that the
revolt was inspired by "feudal reactionaries." It suggests Nehru
curb Indian criticism by adoptinga "clear-cut, hands-off policy"
and calls for an end to the exchange of recriminations with New
Delhi.
The editorial claims the rebellion has been quelled "in the
main" and states that traditional Tibetan political and social pat-
terns are to be radically altered by "peaceful" revolution. The
Communists have already introduced mutual aid teams--an ele-
mentary form of collectivization�to work land confiscated from
rebel leaders and now are hinting about land distribution.
Peiping's continuing refutation of Indian statements will fur-
ther �irritate New Delhi, although Nehru probably will also try to
ease the strain between the two countries.
7 May 59
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USSR Renews Charges of Nuclear Weapons in Japan
The USSR delivered a note in Tokyo on 4 May charging
that the Kishi government intends to involve Japan in a nu-
clear arms race in the Far East. Moscow claims Tokyo is
"encouraging" the arming of US forces in Japan with nuclear
weapons and that it is "taking measures to arm" Japanese forc-
es with such weapons. Unlike three previous Soviet notes on the
same subject within the past year, this one specifically includes
Japanese forces in its charges, The note apparently is intended
to influence the vote in the upper-house elections on 2 June. Simi-
lar Soviet efforts in the past, however, have boomeranged and
damaged the position of Japanese leftists.
The new note reiterates Soviet Premier Khrushchev's previ-
ous vague proposals for a conference of various Far Eastern
powers, including the United States, to "guarantee" Japan's neu-
trality, and to set up a denuclearized zone in the Pacific region.
Moscow, which "expects" the Japanese Government to make the
"necessary,explanationsAis apparently seeking to provoke Tokyo
Into a formal rejection of its proposals. As an additional means
of pressure, Soviet officials continue to obstruct settlement of
the fishery negotiations although the fishing ,season has already
begun.
Japanese Foreign Minister Fujiyama, who indicated on 6 May
that Tokyo would answer the note soon, emphasized that Japan's
policies will be decided by the government alone, and that Japan has
no intention of arming itself with nuclear weapons. Both Prime
Minister Kishi and Foreign Minister Fujiyama have publicly re-
iterated that a security arrangement between Japan and the US
will continue to be necessary.
CONFII 1AL
7 May 59
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Moscow Rejects Iran's Efforts to Halt Soviet Propaganda
Attack
Soviet Foreign Minister Gromvko,
told Iranian Ambas-
sador Masud-Ansari that an improvement in So-
viet-Iranian relations depended on Tehran's taking "some
positive action" which would "make us confident of Iran's
sincerity." Gromyko,
charged Iranian offi-
cials with preparing to break relations, and declared that the
Iranian Government must find a way "as soon as possible" to
make up for the "insult we have suffered"--an apparent refer-
ence to Iran's conduct during the talks on a nonaggression pact
which were broken off on 10 February.
Soviet officials did not specify the nature of the "positive
action" by Iran necessary to assure an improvement. Grcanyko,
referring to Soviet propaganda broadcasts attacking the Shah,
had asked Ansari on 12 April, "If these statements are stopped,
are you willing to come to an agreement with us?"
Gromyko's statements on 30 April were a verbal reply to a
strongly worded Iranian note, delivered by Masud-Ansari, which
proposed that Moscow halt its "indecent" and "repulsive" attacks
in order to preserve friendly relations. Masud-Ansari had been
making friendly approaches to Gromyko since 12 April, but appar-
e,ntly without success.
Radio Moscow has continued its strong attacks on the Shah
and his regime. On 4 May, Radio Moscow told Iranian listeners
that "the personal life of the Shah... can in no way provide an
instructive example for his subjects." "The National Voice of
Iran," a clandestine station apparently in the USSR, began broad-
casting about 27 April. In comparison with overt Soviet broadcasts,
this station tends to be even more specific and personal in attacks
on the Shah, and attempts more openly to incite social minorities
and tribes to revolt.
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Iwo" Now'
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Iraqi Army Units Pressing Attack Against Dissident Kurdish
Tribes
The reinforced Third Brigade of the Iraqi Army's Second
Division is gradually regaining control of villages and police
posts occupied by dissident Kurdish tribes near the Turkish
and Iranian borders. Brigadier Janabi, commander of the
Second Division, is receiving support from the Iraqi Air Force
and is also using Popular Resistance groups and volunteers to
supplement his forces.
On 2 and 3 May, when the rebellious tribesmen were proving
difficult to dislodge, Janabi was considering arming the nearby
Barzani tribesmen, who are loyal to the Qasim government, and
using them against the dissidents. It is not yet clear whether he
actually did so; such action would risk further antagonizing a num-
ber of other Kurdish tribal chieftains who, though still quiescent,
are already bitter about the special favors the government has
granted :to the.�Barzanis, led by the pro-Soviet Mulla Mustapha.
Iraqi military allege the
involvement of Turkish, Iranian, and American military person-
nel in the frontier areas. The Iraqi military command's edginess
about border infringements was indicated on 6 May when Iraqi
planes forced down a commercial Italian airliner. On the same
day Radio Baghdad broadcast a proclamation from the military
governor reinstituting an earlier prohibition on the use of Iraqi
airports at night.
7 May 59
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KUW IT --- Proposed oil
pipeline
Oil pipeline
UNCLASSIFIED
MILES SO
Khor Musa
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West Germany to Build New Iranian Pipelines
West Germany has agreed to underwrite private German
construction of Iran's high-priority $125,000,000 pipeline proj-
ect from the Abadan refinery to Khor Musa, 36 miles away on
the Persian Gulf. Apparently the project calls for a number of
relatively small pipelines--each carrying a range of refined
products--rather than the single large pipeline generally used
for crude oil. In addition, storage for about 6,000,000 barrels
of petroleum products, offshore leading lines, and other port
facilities will have to be provided.
The entire output of the 415,000-barrel-per-day Abadan
refinery, which is operated by a Western consortium, now
reaches world shipping routes via the Iraqi-controlled Shatt-
al-Arab River. Tehran has long feared that the river might be
closed to Flaps carrying Iranian oil. Iraq harassed river ship-
ping after the 14 July revolution; during the Suez crisis it planned
to block the .river mouth; and it recently discharged British na-
tionals responsible for keeping the constantly shifting sand bars
from blocking the river mouth. Tehran has accused Baghdad
of charging excessive river dues, pointing out that the $82000,000
paid Baghdad each year approximately equals Iran's share of the
refinery profits. Oil exported from Iraq's southern fields does
not use the river but is transported by pipeline to the oil termi-
nal. at Fao.
CONFIDAHL
7 May 59
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III. THE WEST
Icelandic-British Fishing Dispute
series of recent violations of Iceland's fishing limits by
British trawlers has aroused Icelandic opinion, Both sides ap-
pear to be becoming increasingly aggressive and less disposed
toward compromise. There is increasing concern over the pos-
sibility of casualties in the eight-month-old dispute, which on
three separate occasions has involved warning shots-.]
10p, e incident occurred on 29 April when an Icelandic patrol
vessel attempted to arrest a British trawler within the four-
mile limit, but was prevented by a British destroyer from taking
the vessel in tow. Earlier a British trawler had submitted to
arrest and was fined heavily. The Icelandic Government has re-
fused to assure British trawler owners that it will not bring
charges against trawlers submitting to arrest within the four-
mile belt for also violating Iceland's unilaterally extended 12-
mile fishing limit. The owners evidently now will order the! traw-
lers to avoid arregq,
(With parliamentary elections likely in June, the Icelandic
Government appears neither willing nor able to pursue a mod-
erate course in the dispute. Although the Communists are no
longer in the cabinet or control the Ministry of Fisheries, the
minority Social Democratic government remains a captive of the
policies of its predecessor--in which the Communists had a �"$
strong influence�and is forced by public opinion to hold out for
recognition of the 12-mile limit. All parties have united to sup-
port a parliamentary resolution protesting British infringements3
A serious incident within the four-mile limit could result
in pressure on London to extend its naval protection into that
belt which would further inflame the Ice1anders-7
CONFII 1TIAL
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Nicaraguan Revolutionaries Continue Plotting
tapponents of Nicaraguan President Luis Somoza, both in
exile and inside the country, continue to plan revolutionary ac-
tion against him.]
[Lin opposition leader in Nicaragua claims to have been in-
formed that an armed and well-trained exile group in Costa
Rica plans a foray into Nicaragua on 10 May. The invaders
plan either to disperse and remain within Nicaragua or to draw back
across the border, depending on the degree of resistance they
encounter. Internal opposition leaders feel this group plans to
act prior to completing preparations for a "full-scale invasion"
because of fear that a Cuban-led exile group might act first.
Anti-Somoza leaders inside the country tend to disagree on
whether to create diversionary action in the capital during the
border foray;]'
(Meanwhile, the Nicaraguan National Guard has received
unevaluated information that another group of exiles, this one
across the northern border in Honduras, plans an invasion of
the Pacific coast, also on 10 May. Another report.
alleges that a group of 35 armed Cubans planned to leave
Cuba on 6 May by sea for Mexico, where it is to prepare for a
later invasion of Nicaragua:i
Anti-Somoza groups are divided into competing factions,
some of which are subject to varying degrees of Communist
Influence, None of them is believed prepared at this time for
a major revolutionary effort, but one or more small groups may
attempt to establish guerrilla operations inside Nicar gua :.rnd
all of diem are benefiting from the mounting "7.'ar of nerves"
that makes Nicaraguan officials increasingly uneasy and may
weaken public confidence in the regim5
Srgfel
7 May 59
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THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
Scientific Adviser to the President
Director of the Budget
Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization
Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination
Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary for Administration
The Counselor
Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
The Director, The Joint Staff
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations
Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of the Army
Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of the Navy
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Department of the Interior
The Secretary of the Interior
The Department of Commerce
The Secretary of Commerce
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
National Security Agency
The Director
National Indications Center
The Director
United States Information Agency
The Director
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