CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1961/03/18

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 03007382
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: August 14, 2020
• Document Release Date: August 27, 2020
• Publication Date: March 18, 1961

0
18 March 1961
CopyNo.0 76
CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
TOP SECRET
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%NOSE:UHL!
IAZ
18 March 1961
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
CONTENTS
1. Situation in Laos. (Page t) _
2. Congo: Moscow responds to Gizenga re uest 4
0,
for lanes; transit problem unsolved. .',
(Page t)
A
/
3. Communist China: Peiping seeks technicians
from Western Europe. (Page ti)
4. Afghanistan: USSR may provide aid for dam in
Helmand River valley. (Page tt)
5. Angola: Terrorist action touches off serious
disturbances; high white casualty rate reported.
(Page VI)
�
Va
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FE/
-1k1ORTH. VI ET
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IPHONG-SArY
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SAYABOURY 0 :����"'"XIENG KHOUANG\
Muon#6 Soui
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Muo g Kay .�",
/
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VIENTIANE i C
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GovenpRiTHERN LAOS
1111111�1 KONG LE - PATHET LAO
KONG LE - PATHET LAO CONCENTRATIONS
AREA OF ACTION
�ROAD
� TRAIL ? 50 100
STATUTE MILES
ROUTE NUMBER
10318 2
Vientia
KHAMMOUANE
Thakhek
411ci1vannakhet_
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La 1
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
18 March 1961
DAILY BRIEF
Laos: 11e Soviet ambassador in Bangkok used the occa-
sion of special audience with the Thai King on 11 March to
convey a warning from Moscow against Thailand's becoming
involved in the internal affairs of its neighbors. The ambas-
sador indicated that the USSR was pleased with its relation-
ship with Thailand and "hoped it would continue." The King
and top Thai officials were annoyed over this approach, which
they considered impropes3
long Le - Pathet Lao forces are continuing their pres-
sure on government forces both north of the Phou Khoun
junction and south of Xieng Khouang. In the former area,
forward elements of government forces reportedly were un-
der fire from 105-mm. artillery on 17 March, possibly sig-
naling a new enemy push there. Laotian Army troops in the
vicinity of Ban Ta Viang were withdrawipg on 17 March toward
rlIhQ Th rem-7
Congo:
he Stanleyville regime's emissary to Moscow has
claimed at "the comrades are ready to furnish us the planes
which we need." "It now remains to
settle the the problem with the African countries."
The continuing refusal of Sudan and other neighboring
territories to grant transit rights and the lack of aviation fuel
in Stanleyville will make it difficult to use aircraft in a sus-
tained nrogram of sunnort for Gizenaa.
the UAR
believes Gizenga's position is "hopeless" and expects his effort
to collapse momentarily. However, Cairo reportedly will con-
tinue to give moral support to the Stanleyville regime "to prolq
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� All-weather road
I Broad-gauge railroad
Narrow-gauge railroad
Kushka
Zahedan
30493 10318
Sta linabad.
'USSR
Termez
Put i Khumr
Qizil Qala
Baghlan
NBag ra
� KAB
andahar
haman
Quetta
Naghlu �
Gardez
Fort
Sandeman
PAKIiSTAN
CHINA
�)JAMMU
AND
e' KASHMIR
1 (Status in d,spute)
awalpindi
SELECTED FOREIGN
PROJECTS
US USSR
- Road paving
� Airfield
AL Darn
Salang Pass road
di Metal working factory
Hydroelectric project
Oil discovery
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CLIAR policy is consistent," despite a desire to reduce its
direct involvement with Gizenga. No significant new deteri-
oration in Gizenga's position has been reported by other
sources, although his situation has been precarious for some
tim9.2.1 (Backup, Page 1) (Map)
Communist China: Qhinese Communist representatives
recently asked the gational Hydrocarbons Agency (EN!) of
Italy to send petroleum chemists and "other technical assist-
ance," claiming they needed this help because of the Russian
withdrawal of technicians last August. Peiping is also appar-
ently planning to use specialists from France and Sweden in
the� installation of eauipment purchased from these countrief_.7
(Backup, Page 2)-
Afghanistan-USSR: A visit by a Soviet team in early March
to southwest Afghanistan near the Iranian border suggests that
Afghanistan is continuing negotiations on a technical level for
Soviet assistance to build a new diversion dam in the lower
Helmand River valley. These negotiations have apparently
been under way since last spring. This project, estimated
at $10,000,000, would probably be included in the Second Five-
Year Plan which begins next September. Such an undertaking
would bring Soviet construction activity into the southwest
corner of the country for the first time. It could divert some
of the personnel and resources of Afghanistan's Helmand Valley
Authority now being used to develop the more promising upper
Helmand, where American assistance has been used for some
years to construct irrigation dams and canals.
Backup, Page 3) (Map)
*Ang.ola: Rortuguese officials in Lisbon estimate that thou-
sands of natives were involved in the disturbances which began ,d__A_Lt-re-
in Angola on 15 March; they believe the number of white casualli
ties to be extremely high. The attackers are reported to hav_e3
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@lit some road communications, forcing the Portuguese to
a rlift special troops to critical areas in the north. The
attacks were launched from the Congo, apparently directed
by the non-Communist Angolan People's Union (UPA). Ac-
cording to earlier reports, the UPA had planned to open a
series of terrorist raids against white=owned plantations in
mid-March. Lisbon recently reinforced its military and
security forces in Angola to a strength of about 10,000. The
all-Portuguese units, totaling approximately 900 troops,
have been concentrated along the Congo border and in the ex-
clave of Cabine (Backup, Page 4)
18 Mar 61
DAILY BRIEF iii
,A
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Banana
Matadi
Kitona
INDIA
500
SUDAN
390
TUNISIA
3,200
MALAYA
210
INDONESIA
1,150
MOB UTU
Leopoldvi
ysville
public of the Congo
MALAYA
150
Gemena
Scattered
MOB UTU
800
EOUAT EU
*Coquilhatville
� Boende
GHANA
1,900
Approximate area controlled by:
IT Kasavubu�Mobutu
[Z] Gizenga
Kalonp
Tshombe
Atlantic
United Nations Forces
Ocean Selected road
�I-0� Selected railroad
Selected airfield
X Cut railroad
STATUTE MILES
Luanda
83
uluabourg
Bak
MOROCCO
Aket1
MALAYA
400
LIBERIA
RcNAL
ETHIOP
Kamina
Usumbura
NIGERIA
Kongolo
Albertville
NIGERIA
SWEDEN
680
TSHOMBE
4,000
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1Nwie .5LCI(L
Situation in the Congo
a Malian ambassador to Gizenga's regime had ar-
rived in the UAR and would soon proceed to Stanleyville.
Cairo, as part of an apparent effort to
disengage itself from Gizenga, is discouraging its neutralist
associepresentatives to Stanley-
ville, contacts with Gizenga be
carried out through Stanleyville's Cairo mission--a course
which may also be followed by the Malian emissary.
Factionalism apparently is continuing among Gizenga's
lieutenants. Bernardin Plaka, a Stanley-
ville official who is represening Gizenga in Kivu Province
against the wishes of the local authorities, reports that the
radio in Bukavu is broadcasting propaganda in the name of
Anicet Ka,shamura, a Communist sympathizer. Kashamura
was the principal figure in the Kivu government until he was
larnuahLback_ta_Staniewille and placed under house arrest.
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Communist China Seeking Western Technicians
LA recent report that four Chinese petroleum engineers
are Currently studying pipeline methods at the ENI plant in
Milan indicates that ENI is already extending some technical
assistance to the Chinese. Earlier contacts between EN! and
Peiping have been largely unproductive. Mattel, president of
EN!, went to China in December 1958 but was unable to inter-
est the Chinese in offers to sell equipment or to supply techni-
cal aid. A Chinese mission inspected ENI installations in Italy
in April 1959 and purchased some steel pipe but apparently re-
fused to consider the possibility of ENI technical assistance. In
view of ENI's previous interest in this field, it seems unlikely
that Mattei would refuse a Chinese request for technical aid now.]
Peiping has also agreed to have Swedish engineers con-
struct a long-distance communications network in China under
a recently signed contract with a Stockholm firm. China has
relied previously on Hungary and East Germany for both equip-
ment and technical aid in the advanced communications field:.7
In addition, at least four French engineers are now in China
advising on the operation and maintenance of electric locomotives
which the Chinese purchased from a French firm. The French
technicians are reportedly instructing large classes of trainees
In Paochi, where some of the locomotives are already in service
on the Paochi-Chengtu line.
Whatever the outcome of current Sino-Soviet talks on future
economic relations, the willingness of the Chinese to use West-
ern technicians, together with observed shifts in their trading
pattern, suggests that Peiping is trying to ease the impact of the
withdrawal of Soviet technicians and is probably not eager to re-
turn to heavy dependence on Soviet equipment and technical aid.
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Afghans Seeking Soviet Aid for Dam Project
Afghanistan first accepted economic assistance from the
USSR in 1953, when the latter built the much-publicized grain
elevator and bakery in Kabul and began paving the streets of
the Afghan capital. In 1955 the Afghans accepted a $100,000,000
line of Soviet credit under which a number of transportation
and power projects are being built. Afghanistan has also re-
ceived about $100,000,000 worth of Soviet arms. Total Soviet
economic and military assistance extended to Kabul now amounts
to over $250,000,000. During 1960 an estimated 1,600 Soviet
technicians and advisory personnel worked on economic devel-
opment projects in Afghanistan.
Although Soviet economic assistance activity in Afghanistan
continued to expand in 1960 as more projects passed from the
planning to the construction stage, no new major projects have
been authorized since last spring. Afghan-Soviet agreements
on new projects apparently await the completion of the draft of
the Afghan Second Five-Year Plan. Kabul apparently expects
Moscow to provide several hundred million dollars worth of
assistance under the plan.
The new diversion dam would be used for irrigation and
flood control. Since it would increase Afghanistan's ability to
hold back and utilize water whenthe Helmand River is low, Iran's
concern over lack of an agreement with Afghanistan on division
of the Helmand waters will increase when construction work be-
gins. Tehran probably would regard the new project as aimed
at forcing it to accept what it regards as an unsatisfactory dis-
tribution of the waters.
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0.9
Cabinda
�
10318 4
1Matadi
Leopoldville
REPUBLIC
OF THE
Buel la �
� Moquela do Zombo CONGO
Sao Salvador
CONGO
Nova Csipemba�
Carman.] (Uige)
Ambriz Nlombuangongo ./ � N. /
�
Quitexe It.....�
LUANDA
Luanda r j
. 1 \
: CUANZA NORTE ( i
I LUNDA
\ Malange
� �N � 'N
'1------ \
------. m ALANGE
! ).
N. i
(
) .\\
CUANZA SUL i ..-.
i
Lobito
�
Benguela �
BENGUELA
NORTHWESTERN ANGOLA
UNCLASSIFIED
0
190 2,90
STATUTE MILES
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comoi 3LLAIL I Noe
� Terrorist Attacks in Angola
Africans in Angola, who outnumber the whites there 4,300,-
000 to 200,000, have been increasingly excited by the progress
being made by other, African territories toward independence.
They have formed two emigre nationalist organizations�the
UPA with headquarters in Leopoldville and the pro-Communist
African Revolutionary Front for the Independence of Portuguese
Colonies (FRAIN), which is based in Conakry, Guinea.. FRAIN,
which has devoted much of its attention to Portuguese Guinea,
has received active support from Guinea's President Sekou
Tour; but Portuguese Guinea appeared quiet as of 14 March.
Led by Roberto Holden�an exiled Angolan also known as
Jose Gilmore--UPA reportedly planned its attacks to coincide
with the UN Security Council debate on Angola in an attempt to
focus world attention on the rising public discontent in Portu-
guese Africa. the dis-
sidents received some weapons--including 25 machine guns
and 150 grenades--from Tunisians in the Congo, who may also
have provided some tra1ning3
Portuguese authorities can be expected to move ruthlessly
against these infiltrations. Recent army reinforcements from
Portugal include two companies of commando-type troops,
which arrived in Luanda in February. Following last year's
mutiny of Congolese troops against their Belgian officers, the
Portuguese began with steps to increase the ratio of white troops
to Africans. They have also sought to exploit the traditional
hostility between northern and southern Angolans by assigning
troops from the south to northern units and vice versa.
Although born in Angola, Holden has spent most of his
life in the Congo. His last visit to Angola--in 1956--was cut
short when he learned of Portuguese plans to arrest him.
Holden claims to be a moderate and to have advised UPA
against resorting to terrorist tactics. He claims that while
he was a delegate to the January 1960 meeting of the All-
African Peoples' Conference in Tunis, he spurned an offer by
officials of FRAIN to combine forces with UPA. As a result,
TOP SECRET
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