CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1959/03/30

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 03003305
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: February 25, 2020
• Document Release Date: February 27, 2020
• Publication Date: March 30, 1959

Approved for Release: 2020/02/21 C03003305
30 March 1959
Copy No. C
CENTRAL
IYTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
DOCUMENT NO.
NO CHANGE IN CLASS.
I DECLASSIFIED
CLASS, CHANGED TO:
NEXT REVIEW DATE: .
DAAUTIEV. 4..f.4 REVIEWER:
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30 MARCH 1959
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Soviet reaction to US high-altitude
flight in Berlin air corridor.
Peiping imposes martial law to con-
trol Tibet; India to offer Dalai Lama
political asylum.
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Iraq - Qasim predicts another "rev-
olution" in April; may involve polit-
ical and economic changes, including
oil industry. Britain will withdraw
troops from Habbaniya.
Tunisians and Moroccans discussing
link between US military bases in
North Africa and Algerian issues.
Ethiopia - Hailie Selassie will visit
Moscow shortly.
III. THE WEST
0 Portugal - Defense minister says he
may be forced to take over govern-
ment from Salazar.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
30 March 1959
DAILY BRIEF
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
*Berlin air corridor: The USSR used MIG fighter aircraft
to "harass" a high-altitude flight on 27 March by a US turbo--
prop aircraft (C-130) on flights to and from Berlin. The Soviet
chief controller at Karlshorst refused to guarantee the safety
of either flight. He protested through the Soviet representative
at the Berlin Air Safety Center (BASC), noting that the practice
of reserving altitudes below 10,000 feet for Western aircraft
and those above for the bloc had continued for 14 years; he main-
tained any change in this procedure would have to be worked out
in advance. US Ambassador Bruce in Bonn has protested to the
Soviet representative on BASC concerning the "dangerous maneu-
vers" and "formation flying" of the MIG aircraft which occurred
during both the corridor flights and continued even after the C-130
had entered the traffic pattern at Templehof in Berlin. The crew
of the 'C-130 reported that except for the approach to within ten
feet by one MIG flying in formation, th7 Soviet fighters had not
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the Tibetan rebellion indicates that Communist China will use
whatever force is necessary to control the Tibetans. Premier
Chou En-lai's 28 March order enjoins the Chinese armed forces
in Tibet to "thoroughly stamp out" the rebellion and in effect
places Tibet under martial law. The Chinese puppet--the Pan-
chen Lama--has been named acting chairman of the Preparatory
Committee for the Tibet Autonomous Region,and the local Tibetan
government has been abolished. lorime Minister Nehru has agreed
Vo extend political asylum to the Dalai Lama, who fled Lhasa on
17 March.
640 The Chinese Communists have "welcomed" Nehru's recent state-
ment on nonintervention in Chinese affairs, but have indicated
that they will consider future discussions of Tibet in India's Par-
liament "improper." (Page 1)
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IL ASIA-AFRICA
Iraq: Prime Minister Qasim has predicted another "new
big revolution" for Iraq in April. His forecasts of "revolu-
tions" in March turned out to be the Soviet-Iraqi economic ac-
cord and Iraq's withdrawal from the Baghdad Pact. The next
"revolution" could involve a major change in the economic de-
velopment program or in constitutional arrangements. It
might also include some form of nationalization of the oil ii
dustry. ayIeanwhile, London has decided to withdraw all its k
forces--some 350 men--from Habanniva airfield in Iraa.1
VP
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ficiais to Rabat may be an effort to align Moroccan and Tunisian
views on the next step regarding Algeria and military base ques-
tions. A prominent Algerian nationalist predicts that the Tuni-
sians, with the tacit agreement of the Algerian rebel government,
try to incorporate a North African base settlement in a
package offer which would associate an independent North Afri-
an federation with the French Community, g_hould the three
parties agree to such a package deal, the United States would b
subject to increasing pressure to become directly involved in
the Algerian problexa.1
(Page 3)
*Ethiopia_ USSR: EmperOr Haile Selassie will visit the USSR
"shortly" in response to an invitation extended and accepted two
years ago. The move is an expression of Ethiopia's overt pos-
ture of nonalignment. The Ethiopian foreign minister has ex-
plained privately that the Emperor feels he cannot indefinitely
avoid the trip, for which Moscow has repeatedly asked him to
set a date.
III. THE WEST
Portugal: aefense Minister Moniz has told the American
naval attache that he may have to advise Premier Salazar to re-
tire. Moniz said he would take over the government. AlthouDi
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Lthe defense minister said that he realized such conversation could
be considered treasonable, he was confident of the full backing of
the military high command. Monie ambitions could be thwarted
by the activities of the former defense minister, Colonel Santos
Costa, who is a candidate to succeed Salazar and who retains
considerable backing among the *unior officers.
(Page 4)
30 Mar 59
DAILY BRIEF iii
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I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
The Situation in Tibet
Peiping's recent statements indicate that the Chinese
Communist regime has abandoned its cautious policy in Tibet
in favor of force to control the Tibetans. Although the re-
gime has dealt sternly with outbreaks of unrest in the pasts
it has never attempted all-out suppression. Premier Chou
En-lai's 28 March order enjoins the Chinese armedforces in
Tibet to "thoroughly stamp out" the rebellion and in effect
places Tibet under martial law. The decree dissolves the lo-
cal government and replaces it with the Communist-sponsored
Preparatory Committee for the Tibet Autonomous Region which
was set up in April 1956 but never accepted by the Tibetans.
Peiping's policy since 1951 has been to go slow in Tibet,
delaying reforms and working as much as possible through lo-
cal institutions while attempting to undermine their authority
and gradually replace them with Chinese Communist organiza-
tions.
The 28 March order names Peiping's puppet, the Panchen
Lama, acting chairman of the preparatory committee in place
of the Dalai Lama "during the time" the latter is held under
"duress" by the rebels. The Chinese have been grooming the
Panchen Lama for just such a role in the event the Dalai Lama
refused to cooperate with them. The Communists, apparently
anxious to keep the door open for future use of the Dalai Lama
as a puppet� are claiming that his attitude continues to favor
Peiping against Tibetan "reactionaries." On 29 March, Peiping
Radio broadcast the text of letters allegedly exchanged between
the Dalai Lama and the political commissar of Chinese armed
forces in Tibet supporting this theme and attempting to document
Chinese restraint in the face of rebel "provocations." It seems
likely that the Communists will continue to use the Panchen Lama
for the time being but will increase their efforts to destroy Lama-
ism in Tibet.
the seriousness of the fighting in Lhasa between 20 and 22 Marcl.S,
30 Mar 59
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are
a number of buildings in Lhasa were
damaged, including monasteries and the Dalai Lama's palace
and summer homeJ Peiping
claims that 4,000 rebels were taken prisoner during the fight-
ing and that rebel forces in all number "only about 20,0001 in-
cluding the Khamba tribesmen. The rebels also had built
"battle positions" along a key highway and placed "large num-
bers of machine guns there," according to the political com-
missar of Chinese armed forces in Tibet.
ahe Dalai Lama, who fled southward from Lhasa on 17 March,
was expected to leave on 28 March for a Tibetan town about 20
miles from the Indian border. Prime Minister Nehru has agreed
to extend political asylum to himp
arrangements are being made
to meet the Dalai Lama at the frontier
If the Dalai Lama makes good his escape to India, Peiping
is likely to press New Delhi for his return. This would sharpen
Nehru's dilemma, which results from his desire to maintain
good relations with Peiping in the face of growing Indian senti-
ment supporting a more sympathetic policy toward the Tibetans.
The Chinese Communists have "welcomed" Nehru's recent state-
ment on nonintervention in China's affairs, but have indicated that
they will consider future discussions of Tibet in India's Parliament
"improper."
Peiping's claim that Kalimpong in West Bengal was the "com-
mand center" of the Tibetan rebels was rejected as "entirely in-
correct" by an Indian Foreign Ministry spokesman on 29 March.
He said the Indian Government six months ago made it clear to
Tibetans in Kalimpong that they "should not indulge in any prop-
aganda activities against a friendly government on Indian soil";
since then, he stated, Tibetans in the city "have remained quiet."
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN Page 2
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Nue
IL ASIA-AFRICA
Meeting of Tunisian and Moroccan Officials
Several top Tunisian leaders, including the foreign minis-
ter and the influential director of the political bureautof the Neo-
Destour party, are visiting the Moroccan capital ostensibly to
sign a series of bilateral conventions negotiated since last June.
The American ambassador in Tunis, however, believes that the
Tunisians will use the occasion to try to align the views of the
two states on the next steps regarding both the Algerian and the
foreign base questions with an eye to any meeting this spring
between President de Gaulle and King Mohamed V of Morocco
Ep_i" Tunisia's President Bourguib.2] Bourguiba has already pub-
licly linked thelfuture of the French base at Bizerte with settle
ment of the Algerian problem by mid-June, and he reportedly is
disappointed that Rabat has not done the same with the American,
French, and Spanish bases in Morocco.
The "minister of information" of the Algerian provisional
government predicts that the Tunisians, apparently with the
tacit blessing of the Algerians, will try to present a package
offer to France. This would incorporate a North African base
settlement, aai agreement for the protection of the French minor-
ity3and the association of an independent North African fed-
eation�including an independent Algeria--with the French Com-
munity.
CThe ambassador feels that if Morocco agrees to this strategy,
there would probably be increased pressure on the United States
regarding base rights. In addition, the United States would becom
more directly involved in the settlement of the Algerian problem2j
CONFIDENTIAL
30 Mar 59
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III. THE WEST
Portuguese Defense Minister Feels He May Soon Have
To Take Over Government
Gortugal's defense ministei, General Botelho Moniz, on
26 March told the American naval attach�e felt he would be
obliged "within the next 12 months or probably sooner" to advise
Premier Salazar to retire. Moniz said he had the power to
name Salazar's successor and that there was no one except him-
self strong enough to hold the country together. The defense
minister claimed to have complete support from the military
high command for such action. He added, however, that the
move might not be necessary at all, since Salazar's poor health
may cause his death or voluntary retirement soo29
Woniz regards former Defense Minister Colonel Santos
Costa as the only obstacle in his way. He has removed from im
portant posts over 200 key military officers loyal to the colonel
but has not succeeded in persuading Salazar to denounce Santos
Costa's intrigues for a comeback. Moniz is prepared to advance
the date of his own take-over if he thinks an increasing number
of junior officers are transferring their loyalty to Santos Costa
in the belief he is the stronger mall
PortuguesE consider the in-
terna situation grave and believe the government is "nowhere
near the bottom of the situation" that gave rise to the abortive
coup attempt of 12 March. 4.re convinced the mil-
itary were the prime force in this, despite repeated assertions
of the army minister that the army is loyal to the reginD
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,kap, No*
THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
Scientific Adviser to the President
Director of the Budget
Office of Defense and Civilian Mobilization
Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination
Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State for Economic Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary for Administration
The Counselor
Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
The Director, The Joint Staff
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations
Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of the Army
Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of the Navy
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Department of the Interior
The Secretary of the Interior
The Department of Commerce
The Secretary of Commerce
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
National Security Agency
The Director
National Indications Center
The Director
United States Information Agency
The Director
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