CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1958/05/22

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 02985833
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 23
• Document Creation Date: January 27, 2020
• Document Release Date: January 30, 2020
• Publication Date: May 22, 1958

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�TOP�SEERET� 3.3(h)(2)
3.5(c)
22 May 1958
CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
DOCUMENT NO. te,
NO CHAV3E IN CLASo. l.
I i LY,27:2LASSIFIED
CIA30. CHANGED TO: --
NEXT REVIEW _
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REVIEWER:
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� Nor II irm. Moolair Moo
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22 MAY 1958
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0
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Points of Soviet - Egyptian disagree-
ment emerging in aftermath of Nasir's
trip to the USSR.
USSR maneuvering to gain from
French crisis whether De Gaulle
comes to power or not.
New developments on ICapustin Yar
missile range.
II. ASIA-AFRICA
Lebanon - New military threat to
government developing with TJAR
support; political impasse still
unresolved.
Iraqi and Jordanian leaders cooling
on concept of their Union.
Egyptian air strength estimate
revised upward.
Indonesia - Dissident commander
claims recapture of Gorontalo;
hints at negotiations with central
government.
Pakistan - President Mirza planning
to replace present government and
consideKing dictatorship if first
tactic fails.
Tunisian concern over possible
action by French military and
presence of Algerian rebels con-
tinues.
Algeria - Algerian rebel headquar-
ters in Cairo denounces General
Massu and Soustelle.
III. THE WEST
France - Rightists step up pressure
to force Pflimlin out.
West German defense minister
angling for domestic press support
with private claim that US forced
him to accept nuclear weapons.
Icleand has tentatively accepted
$3I 000 000 Soviet loan.
CI Finnish President expects Soviet
offers of loan and concessions on
use of Saimaa Canal.
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
22 May 1958
DAILY BRIEF
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Soviet Union - UAR: Nasir's visit to the USSR was ap-
parently not an unqualified success despite the public impres-
sion of "solidarity" on major international issues. rnidiscus-
sions with Nasir, Soviet leaders showed displeasure at recent
signs of UAR economic rapprochement with the West and
Nasir's "uncommitted" posture on non-Arab issues. Nasir
succeeded in persuading the USSR to make some reductions
in prices to be paid for Soviet economic assistance, but the
USSR refused Nasir's request for MIG-19 aircraft. The dip-
lomatic corps noted Nasir-Soviet relations 'were 7.'formal
even cold" at the end of the tour. -(Page 1)
USSR-France: Moscow is presently trying to avoid un-
dercutting French Communist efforts to unite left-wing forces
in opposition to De Gaulle, but Soviet officials have hinted in
the past that they would welcome certain tendencies of General
de Gaulle which have sometimes been interpreted as anti-
NATO.
Kapustin Yar missile range:
the 950-nautical-mile down-range area of the Kapustin
Yar ballistic missile test range has been reopened. It has been
closed since seven missiles were fired to this area in June-
August 1957. There may be a renewal of launching activity to
this area or the establishment of increased instrumentation for
monitoring launchings from Tyura Tam.
(Page 3) (Map)
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resign and make way for De Gaulle. Although Pflimlin pro-
fesses determination to continue in office, he apparently has
little information on developments in Algiers, and is in-
creasingly worried over contacts between rebellious officers
In Algeria and their opposite numbers in France and Germany.
Posters in Paris announce formation of a "National Committee
of Public Safety." (Page 10)
West Germany: In an apparent effort to justify his nu-
clear weapons policy in view of widespread public criticism
and to create a more favorable press, Defense Minister
Strauss has privately told a group of German journalists that
American officials "forced" him to accept such weapons during
his Washington visit. Strauss also complained that he is not
being properly supported by the Christian Democratic party
and that Adenauer "lacks comprehension" of defense problems
and is reluctant to make timely decisions.
(Page 12)
Iceland-USSR: The Icelandic ambassador to Moscow tenta-
tively agreed on 30 April to accept a $3,000,000, 20-year loan
from the USSR to pay for fishing vessels being built in East Ger-
many. This would be the first Soviet loan to Iceland and may
presage acceptance of further loans which the USSR has offered.
(Page 13)
Finland-USSR: President Kekkonen apparently expects
the USSR to offer a loan and to offer concessions concerning
the use of the Saimaa Canal during his state visit to Moscow
beginning on 22 May. He is inclined to accept a loan on his
own terms, but to reject an offer on the canal issue as jeop-
ardizing future claims to territory Finland lost after World
War II. (Page 14) (Map)
22 May 58
DAILY BRIEF iv
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I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
Nash-"s Visit to USSR
Nasir % 18-day visit to the USSR, studded with affirma-
tions of Soviet-UAR friendship and "solidarity" on major in-
ternational issues, may have been something less than an
unqualified success despite Khrushchev's claim that complete
agreement existed on all questions touching upon "mutual
interests." The red-carpet treatment given Nasir and the
spate of friendship speeches reinforced the public impres-
sion of firm Soviet endorsement of Nasirts bid for leadership
of the Arab world. Information so far, however, suggests
that Nasir remains suspicious of the USSR, as he is of the
West. He probably does not take Soviet promises of gen-
eral support seriously, although he uses reports of them
to try to alarm the West.
Nasir was partially successful in his efforts to reduce
the UAR's debt burden. Moscow agreed to a 15-percent
cut in the cost of economic assistance to be rendered both
regions of the UAR, and to a substantial reduction in in-
stallment payments on Syrian arms.
Nasirts request for M1c7-19 aircraft was
turned down on the grounds that Egypt already was "over-
equipped" despite Nasirts assertion that MIG-19% were
needed to match latest model Western jets now in Israeli
hands. The USSR agreed to sell the UAR several TU-104
jet passenger air transports, but refused to cut the asking
price of approximately $3,000000, ,well above what the UAR
is offering.
The joint communique issued at the conclusion of the
visit reaffirmed the identity of Soviet-UAR views on a
wide range of subjects and stated that Ithrushchev and
VorosJiilov had accepted Nasir's invitation to visit the UAR
at unspecified date.
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Aim auk
950-NAUTICAL-MILE DOWN-RANGE AREA - KAPUSTIN YAR MISSILE RANGE
Engel
Kapostin Yar
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DZHANA MIKA
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KYZYL-DZHAR
Balkhash
Aralsk Lake Etaikash
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0 950-NM down-range area
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Stalinallado
Tomsk
Semipalatinsk
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MI Incoming troop transit points
Logistic railheads
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'Roe
New Developments at Kapustin Yar
a military
base is being established in the 950-nautical-mile impact
area of the Kapustin Yar ballistic missile test range. Ac-
tivities observed include the receipt of quantities of equip-
ment, the installation of new communications and instru-
mentation gear, reoccupation of a military post by an in-
coming command, and construction and use of an airfield.
The purpose of this renewed activity is not known.
It may be either in preparation for additional test firing
of ballistic missiles in the very near future or establish-
ment of additional instrumentation in support of ICBM/
ESV launching operations from Tyura Tam. During the
period June through August 1957, seven missiles were
launched to the 950-mile impact area. Subsequently
facilities in the area were noted engaging in the track-
ing of Sputnik I. The reactivated base lies directly astride
a line from Tyura Tam to Klyuchi.
22 May 58
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WI-
IL ASIA-AFRICA
Lebanese Situation
Tribesmen who are rallying at Lebanese border villages where
the Syrian Army has delivered weapons pose an increasing threat
to the government's position in northeastern Lebanon. Infiltrators
from Syria are reported crossing the border to operate antiaircraft
guns and mortars being supplied to the insurgents. These groups
may be the forces described in other reports as moving toward
Tripoli, where the government has re-established precarious au-
thority. Former Syrian Chief of Staff Shuqayr, a Druze, is claimed
by some sources to be taking part in the operations of Kamal
Jumblatt, one of the principal insurgent leaders.
Efforts to force President Chamoun to compromise are mount-
ing, but moderate "third force" leaders so far have failed to persuade
General Shihab to step into the post of prime minister while Chamoun
serves out his term as -President, ending in September. Despite
this rebuff, the Edde brothers are pushing their efforts to mediate
between Chamoun and opposition leaders Rashid Karamah and Saib
Salam. The opposition still insists Chamoun must resign.
Fears of Moslem-UAR supremacy over Lebanon and of Chris-
tian-Moslem strife are n-Lo unting among the Christians. Extent
of concern in some Maronite Christian quarters is illustrated by
a request from the Phalange, a Maronite paramilitary zealot group,
to the French ambassador for arms, demolition experts, and an
Israeli diversionary raid against Syria.
In answer to a Lebanese Army request, Britain is providing
four Vampire jet fighters which should reach Lebanon from Cyprus
o,(22 May.
(QUO).
22 May 58
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Inauspicious Outl_ok for Iraqi-Jordanian Union
The nature of the appointments to the newly formed
Arab Union cabinet and the attitude of Iraqi and Jordanian
leaders toward their respective roles constitute an in-
auspicious beginning for an organization which was con-
ceived essentially as an answer to Nasir's United Arab
Republic.
The American Embassy in Amman reports that
King Husayn and Samir Rifai, head of the new Jordanian
government, apparently intend to treat their respective
roles as if nothing had actually changed as a consequence
of the union with Iraq. The Jordanian disenchantment is
attributed to the unwillingness of Iraq's Nun i Said, first
Arab Union prime minister, to move rapidly to establish
a strong federal government. Nun i is said to have been
most reluctant to assume the financial burden of provid-
ing essential military and economic support to Jordan,
and apparently will seek to evade such obligations if they
prove too burdensome. Rifai's decision to remain in Am-
man also probably reflects realization that his proposed
role as Arab Union deputy prime minister under Nuni
would not have given him the authority he desired.
The embassy reports that King Husayn apparently
feels that his position is weakening, and in keeping Rifai in
Amman feels that the chances of the monarchy's survival
are enhanced. Earlier, Rifai's retention in Amman had been
attributed to fear that the crisis in Lebanon would set off
new UAR-sponsored unrest in Jordan. Jordanian security
officials are braced for UAR-inspired demonstrations and
a possible attempt to assassinate Husayn on 25 May, Jor-
danian Army Day.
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Situation in Indonesia
President Sukarno's speech celebrating "National Re=
awakening Day" on 20 May was more favorable to the US
than any he has delivered since the rebellion began, accord-
ing to Ambassador Jones in Djakarta. Emphasizing that
Indonesia has found its own identity, Sukarno quoted Abraham
Lincoln as stating that "no nation is good enough to govern
another," and said that this applied to the Dutch, the USSR,
and the US in relation to Indonesia. Sukarno touched only
lightly on the revolts in Sumatra and Celebes and on foreign
intervention. Jones observed that the Soviet ambassador
was visibly angered by the speech.
India's chief UN delegate Lall stated on 20 May in New
York that Indonesia could be expected shortly to address a
formal letter to the president of the Security Council protest-
ing new American arms found in the hands of the dissidents.
Djakarta has for some time been considering referring the
question of "foreign intervention" to the UN but, in view of
the recent improvement of its military position in relation
to the North Celebes dissidents, it now may feel less urgency
about the matter.
Col. Sumual, the dissident commander in North
Celebes, has announced that the revolutionary government
is prepared to negotiate for a "reasonable" settlement with
the central government. The announcement was reportedly
timed to coincide with the dissidents' claim to have recap-
tured Gorontalo, in North Celebes, on 20 May. Gorontalo
had been taken by central government forces the day before.
According to a reliable source, Sumual had sent reinforce-
ments to retake Gorontalo in an attempt to show that his offer
to negotiate did not stem from weakness.
The commander of the naval base at Surabaya com-
plained to Djakarta on 16 May that Soviet jeep tires were of
inferior quality, wearing through in four months compared
with the "nsnal"nnALvear life of American tires
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Mirza Intends to Replace Present Pakistani Government
President Mirza has indicated he plans to seize the
opportunity presented by Prime Minister Noon's involve-
ment in a defamation-of-character case to replace the pres-
ent government shortly with a new coalition which he hopes
to control, thus assuring Mirza's own continuance in office.
Mirza informed the American ambassador on 19 May that if
this effort fails he intends to take over as dictator. The
ambassador reports that army commander Ayub told him
'on 19 May that he will support Mirza.
Mirza's primary motivation in dismissing Noon's gov-
ernment,as it was when he installed a similar short-lived
coalition late in 1957, is to eliminate the influence of former
Prime Minister Suhrawardy, who is the chief support of the
present government. The coalition Mirza envisages will
,be difficult to-form because of the diverse elements in-
volved. Should he fail to force formation of such a coali-
tion, any move to assume dictatorial powers would be taken
in the face of opposition from most Pakistani politicians.
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The Situation in Tunisia
The Tunisian secretaries of defense and foreign affairs
pressed Ambassador Jones on 19 May for an early favorable
response to President Bourguiba's 16 May request for "defen-
sive" arms. They specified that Tunisia's most urgent need
was for ammunition, and added that Tunisia feared not only
French military operations, but also possible subversive
activities on the part of the Algerian National Liberation
Front (FLN) whose forces in Tunisia, they claim, are "four
times larger and infinitely better armed" than Tunisian
forces. While the Algerians probably have larger supplies
of arms, other sources recently estimated FLN strength
in Tunisia at some 3,000 armed men. Tunisian security
forces now number 6,600.
Meanwhile, the possibility of clashes between French
and Tunisian military units has increased. Tunisian au-
thorities are demanding that French troops, which early
on 18 May surrounded a Tunisian roadblock 25 miles north
of their base at Remada in remote southern Tunisia, re-
turn to their base. Press sources on 21 May claim that
a Tunisian Army unit assisted by armed civilian auxiliaries
had dug in on a hastily drawn battle line near the Remada
base, and the Tunisian press demands the immediate de-
parture of the French commandant at Remada "if not
energetic sanctions." Tunisian authorities also claim
that French positions are being reinforced by helicopter,
and Bourguiba publicly warned that an "explosive situation"
had been created by the arrival of four French jet aircraft
on 20 May at Gafsa in south central Tunisia. The Tunisian
foreign secretary also warned the French charge on 18 May
that if the Remada forces were not regulated, the provision-
ing)of French troops might cease.
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Nor
Moslem Attitude in Algeria
The continuing demonstrations of support for the "new
Algeria" by considerable numbers of Algerian Moslems ap-
Oar to be largely artificial, staged by psychological warfare
units of the French ariiiy and in some cases by local em-
ployers. In any event, they are in no way indicative of any
weakening in the Algerian National Liberation Front's (FLN)
determination to continue its fight for an independent, Moslem-
controlled Algeria.
some
10,000 Moslems who participated in a demonstration on 19 May
as "simple peasant types herded about like sheep" by army per-
sonnel with portable electric megaphones. The consul general
reported that over-organization was obvious. According to an
an earlier much-publicized demon-
stration in tne Moslem quarter of Algiers resulted from not-
so-subtle prodding on the part of the military, and did not re-
flect any new or general "rallying" to the French by Moslems.
that many Moslems are deliberately
trying to create such an illusion in the hope of avoiding reprisals
if, as they fear, the European extremists now in control should
follow their current gestures of friendliness toward the Moslems--
which have contributed to a noticeable relaxation of interracial
tension�with a new and more vigorous "get tough" policy.
An FLN spokesman broadcasting over Cairo radio has ex-
coriated the "Massu-Soustelle criminal gang" and a top FLN
military leader stated in Tunis on 18 May that the rebels have
no intention of putting down their arms until the French agree
to the principle of independence. Recent claims by French
military leaders in Algiers that the Moslem rebels have virtual-
ly ceased fighting were apparently made with little regard for
reality in order to satisfy the current propaganda line They
have been officially contradicted by the Ministry of Information
in Paris, which published statistics on 19 May indicating that
rebel activity had continued a high level since the 13 May
co/4.
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THE WEST
French Crisis
Rightist elements are intensifying their activities in
an effort to convince the Pflimlin government that the only
Way to avoid bloodshed and possibly civil war is to resign
and make way for De Gaulle. In an apparently concerted
series of reports, rightist military and political leaders
are spreading the warning that unless Pflimlin resigns there
will be direct action by the army from within Ftance or
from Algiers.
Posters appeared in Paris on 20 11:17,7 announcing the
formation of a "National Committee of .'ublic Safety." A
communique signed by retired Army neral Cherrieres,
a former commander of the Algiers military region, and
Air Force General Chassin, reported in the press as lead-
ing an underground movement, stated that the committee
is led by a "very high military person" with five civilian
and three other military members. Further pressure came
in the form of an offer to the government by Antoine Pinay,
leader of the right wing of the Independent party, to act as
a go-between to negotiate De Gaulle% acceptance of the -
premiership. This announcement underscores Pinay's.
persistent refusal to join the Pflimlin government and
ends any hope that the government might receive help
from this quarter.
The government, professing its determination to re-
main in office, announced on 21 May that the new French
chief of staff, General Lorillot, will go to Algiers in an
attempt to reestablish Paris' control. Pflimlin is prob-
ably not too hopeful this can be done, and Lorillotts mis-
sion may be primarily fact-finding, since the government
admittedly has practically no firm information on develop-
ments in Algiers.
On 20 May the American consul general in Algiers
expressed the view that local influences were increasingly
weakening whatever ties General Salan still maintained
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with the FrenchGovernment. This view seems borne out
by Salan's remark to a cheering crowd on 21 May that "we
shall march together up the Champs-Elysees."
The Pflimlin government is especially worried over
reports that rebellious field-grade officers in Algeria are
in communication with their opposite numbers in France
and Germany, particularly among armored and air units
thyie.
A
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West German Defense Minister Favors European Atomic
Weapons Production
West German Defense Minister Strauss recently told
several German journalists that he was "forced" by US
officials to accept American nuclear weapons when he
preferred that Europe should produce its own,
He also
said provision of Europe's weapons by the United States
was merely another way of deploying existing American
weapons without actually adding to the total European mil-
itary potential. Strauss was apparently attempting to
justify his policies and create a more favorable press for
himself.
Strauss was bitterly resentful of having to bear the
onus of Germany's unpopular nuclear rearmament pro-
gram. He also criticized Chancellor Adenauer for "lack
of comprehension" of defense problems and reluctance
to make the necessary timely decisions. The journalists
present were reported to have been impressed with
Straus& growing "megalomania" and preoccupation with
personal and national power.
Strauss has frequently xpressed his opinion that
Bonn must have the most modern weapons and nuclear
warheads so that Germany will be strong enough to
threaten, as a lever to ensure Western backing, to turn
a local conflict into a general war. During the French-
Italian-German arms negotiations last November, Strauss
is reported to have stated that Europe must acquire its
own uclear capability by 1961, because by that time the
U will have an ICBM and will lose interest in overseas
ses.
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Iceland Negotiates $3,000,000 Loan From the USSR
The Icelandic ambassador to Moscow has negotiated
a 50,000,000-krona (approximately $3,000,000),20-year,
2.5-percent loan with the USSR to pay for fishing vessels
under construction in East Germany for Iceland. If final-
ly accepted, this would be the first Soviet loan to Iceland.
Iceland gave assurances last November in accepting
a $5,000,000 American loan under NATO auspices that it
would not accept any Soviet loans and would adopt economic
reforms necessary to bring its distorted economy into
balance. The Icelanders may argue that since the con-
tracts for the vessels were concluded last July, the assur-
ances do not apply.
The Icelandic Government is also under strong pres-
sure from the local Communists to accept further Soviet
economic assistance. In June 1957 the USSR offered to
make id available up to approximately $25,000,000, in
addi �on to financing the construction of the fishing vessels
in Iuestion.
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Finnish President Kekkonen's State Visit to the Soviet Union
Finnish President Kekkonen apparently expects offers of
a Soviet loan and some concessions concerning use of the So-
viet-controlled section of the Saimaa Canal during his state
visit to the USSR beginning on 22 May. He has reportedly de-
cided it would be "too perilous" to accept such a canal offer
even if the USSR also permits use of a narrow adjacent cor-
ridor of land, presumably because such action would jeop-
ardize future Finnish claims to more extensive territorial
revisions. The inclusion of the port city of Vyborg (Viipuri)
in this territory, however, would make it difficult for the
Finns to reject the offer. In any case, Kekkonen would be
under heavy pressure from refugee and nationalist groups
in Finland to accept, particularly if there were no objection-
able strings attached and future Finnish claims to the Karelian
territory lost after World War II were not forfeited.
The Finns will accept a Soviet loan under certain condi-
tions, including satisfactory settlement of the USSR's current
trade deficit. Finland wishes to industrialize the northern-
most provinces and is seeking loans to develop the transporta-
tion network and to tap the mineral resources of the area.
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