CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN - 1960/10/11

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: Current/Central Intelligence Bulletin Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 02977789
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: March 17, 2020
• Document Release Date: March 26, 2020
• Publication Date: October 11, 1960

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11 October 1960
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CENTRAL
INTELLIGENCE
BULLETIN
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11 OCTOBER 1960
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
II. ASIA-AFRICA
South Korea--Government faces new
demonstrations; security forces alerted,
but their effectiveness reduced by purg-
es.
0
Laos--Province in northeast Laos switch-
es to Photuni; probably will strengthen
his resolve.
Pakistan strengthening control over tribes
near Afghan frontier; regular Pakistani
forces not involved in continuing tribal
border clashes.
Turkey--Anti-regime sentiment voiced
as trial of Menderes regime nears.
Lumumba still attempting to strengthen
his position; anti-Tshombe guerrilla ac-
tivity stepped up in Katanga.
LATE ITEM
Launching from Tyura Tam on 10 Oc-
tober apparently ended in failure shortly
after launch: nature of Soviet test not
�yet clear.
� � -- �
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE BULLETIN
11 October 1960
DAILY BRIEF
I. THE COMMUNIST BLOC
II. ASIA-AFRICA
South Korea: According to the press, demonstrations
have taken place in Seoul, Taegu, and Masan�centers of
the revolt that toppled former President Rhee from power
last April. Demonstrators charge the government with
failure to uphold the spirit of the revolution and protest the
"light" punishment given former high officials of the old re-
gime. South Korean military and police forces are reported
to have been alerted to maintain order in the event of a pop-
ular uprising demanding the ouster of the Chang Myon gov-
ernment. Press reports thus far, however, have given no
indication of the size or scope of these new demonstrations.
Should disturbances erupt on a large scale, the effective-
ness with which the military and police would act to maintain
order may be reduced by the recent purges of personnel in
these services. (Page 1)
Laos: The provincial government and the military com-
mand of Xieng Khouang Province, in northeastern Laos, have
switched their allegiance back to General Phoumi's Savanna-
khet Revolutionary�Committee, apparently as the result of
pressure from Meo trikm-hen, who constitute a major ethnic
group in the province. f_General Amkha, Vientiane garrison
commander, who was sent out by Vientiane to act in a liaison
capacity for the short time the province was loyal to the Souvanna
Phouma government, has been arrested and flown to Savannakhet.
This apparent bolstering of Phoumi's position may increase his
resistance to any further effort by Souvanna Phouma to persuade
him to end his opposition to the government':
9.
(Page 2)
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I.
Pakistan-Afghanistan: The Pakistani Government all,
parently intends to exploit the current border friction to
increase its presence in tribal areas on the Pakistani side
of the frontier which have been traditionally autonomous.
The recent arrest of the rulers of two tribal regions for
"double-dealing" probably is motivated by Rawalpindi's de-
sire to install more amenable leaders and to deploy border
security forces in this sector closer to the Durand line.
This action may encounter serious resistance among the
local tribes, and probably will be seized on by Kabul as ev-
idence of Pakistan's "repression" of the Pushtoon people.
order clashes apparently are continuing on a smaller scale
than in September. While elements of the quasi-military
border security forces have been involved, none of the reg-
ular military forces being moved to the vicinity of the tribal
areas have been committed (Page 3)
Turkey: Expression of anti-regime sentiment is re-
ported to be increasing in Turkey, especially in Ankara and
Istanbul, as the 14 October date approaches for the begin-
ning of the trial of the leaders of the ousted Bayar-Menderes
regime. t.The military junta ruling Turkey has reportedly in-
creased its own security staff for self-protection in the event
of trouble as an outgrowth of the trials.
(Page 5)
Republic of the Congo: Recent activity by deposed Pre-
mier Lumumb a--including his "cabinet" reshuffle and a day
of campaigning in the native district of Leopoldville--
represents an effort to strengthen his position and counter
recent defections among his followers.
imminent
"reversals" for Luniumba unless he received strong inter-
national support.
*The Mobutu government has once again demanded that
the UN permit the arrest of Lumumba, and UN representative
Dayal in Leopoldville has asked for new instructions.
In Katanga, guerrilla activity by anti-Tshombe Baluba
tribesmen has been stepped up. President Tshombe's strong
11 Oct 60
DAILY BRIEF ii
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criticism of Brussels' failure to grant Katanga diplomatic
recognition is designed in part to counter domestic crit-
icism of his "pro-Belgian" policies, as well as to bring
pressure to bear for recognition.
(Page 6)
LATE ITEM
*USSR: A test vehicle of as yet undetermined nature
apparently was launched from Tyura Tam yesterday at
1428 GMT (1028 EDST) and failed shortly after being launched.'
The launching followed a full-scale countdown in which the
Tyura Tam and Klyuchi facilities as well as the four Sibir
vessels in the Pacific participated.
Shortly after the apparent launch time.
there was evidence that the Soviets
were attempting to track some object. In-flight failure is
Indicated
by the termination, about 26 minutes
after the apparent launch time, of operations on the Tyura
Tam range complex.
There are no firm indications as to the type or character-
istics of vehicle involved in yesterday's operations. Possibilities
would include a man- or animal-carrying satellite or test vehicle
intended for recovery in the vicinity of one of the Sibirs in the
Pacific.
11 Oct 60
DAILY BRIEF iii
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Nam, NO'
Demonstrators Demand Ouster of South Korean Government
Demonstrations demanding Prime Minister Chang Myon's
resignation and dissolution of South Korea's parliament have
taken place in Seoul, Taegu, and Masan--centers of the revolt
that toppled former President Ith.ee from power last April.
Press reports have given no indication of the size or scope of
the demonstrations, but state that the demonstrators have
charged the government with failure to uphold the spirit of
the April revolution and have protested the "light" punishment
given former high officials of the old regime. Military and
police forces are reported to have been alerted to maintain or-
der.
Hampered by political factionalism, the Chang administra-
tion has failed to display the dynamic leadership expected by
the people after the April revolution. Growing unrest and dis-
satisfaction has been suggested by continued student demonstra-
tions, agitation among lower ranking military officers, and
strong press criticism of the administration. According to po-
lice figures, there have been over 1,500 demonstrations since
April.
In the event of new large-scale disturbances the effectiveness
with which the military and police would act to maintain order and
support the Chang government may be reduced by the recent purges
of personnel. Military discipline probably has been weakened by
recent command changes and agitation among lower ranking offi-
cers for the removal of senior commanders identified with the
former government. The police, discredited for their actions un-
der the Rhee regime and subsequently subjected to repeated purges,
s et dis la ed little capability for maintaining order.
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�SteRET--
The Situation �YelLaos
The northeastern province of Xieng Khouang, after an in-
terlude of about twelve days during which it supported the Sou-
vanna Phouma government, has again swung its allegiance to
General Phoumi's Savannakhet Revolutionary Committee. The
circumstances leading to the switch are somewhat obscure,
but tribal unrest among the Meos�a major ethnic �group in
the province--may have played an important role.c_General
Amkna, the Vientiane garrison commander who was sent to
represent the Souvanna government following the province's
switch of support to Souvanna, has reportedly been arrested
and flown to Savannakhet. Phoumi should have little difficulty
effecting Amkha's defection if he should so choose; Amkha has
shown a tendency to vacillate ever since the Kong Le coup.
tIn Vientiane, armed forces commander General Ouane claims
to have warned Captain Kong Le on 7 October of the dangers
posed by the growing strength of the Pathet Lao in the capital.
He noted, however, that Kong Le was "so volatile" that he could
not be relied on to pursue any agreed-upon course of action to
its conclusion. The armed forces commander added that the
real problem in Kong Le's Second Parachute Battalion was a
deputy, Lt. Deuane, who he says was responsible for organiz-
ing a leftist youth rally in Vientiane on 4 October against the
wishes of the government.
I Premier Souvanna meanwhile has told Ambassador Brown
in Vientiane that he will insist in the forthcoming peace talks that
the Pathet Lao cease attacks throughout the country and return
Sam Neua Province to government administration. If the Pathet
Lao refuse these demands, Souvanna claims he will break off
negotiations.
The minister of public works in the Souvanna regime has in-
formed an American Embassy officer that Burma has agreed to
sell foodstuffs and other merchandise to Laos. The goods would
be delivered at the Laos-Burma border and brought by river craft
to Luang Prabang and Vientiane via the Mekong River. The offi-
cial stated the plan would be implemented as an alternative source
of supply should the Thai blockade of Vientiane continue. Motor
fuel has already been flown from Burma to Vientiane, however.
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Nor
Afghan-Pakistani Border Situation
The Pakistani Government apparently intends to use the
current border trouble with Afghanistan as a pretext to in-
crease its presence in frontier tribal areas which, although
located within Pakistan, have enjoyed considerable autonomy.
Foreign Minister Qadir announced on 8 October that the
Nawab of Dir, ruler of a tribal state bordering Afghanistan
north of the Khyber Pass, had been arrested along with his
son, who rules a small tribal region just to the south. Qadir
said the Pushtoon leaders were arrested following "many ac-
cusations of double-dealing." The Nawab reportedly had ap-
pealed to Kabul in September for help against rival tribal ele-
ments who were seeking to overthrow his regime, possibly
with the support of Pakistani authorities.
Relations between the central government and Dir long
have been strained, and Rawalpindi probably views the present
Afghan-Pakistani border friction as a good excuse to intervene
and install a more amenable ruler. Reports in Rawalpindi
indicate that another son of the Nawab will be named as his
successor. Pakistani authorities probably also feel their in-
tervention now will make it possible for border security forces
to be positioned directly on the Durand line, thereby affording
a means of controlling contact between tribal elements on either
side of the frontier.
The arrest of the Nawab of Dir may, however, arouse con-
siderable resentment among the local tribes and cause them to
resist forcibly attempts by Rawalpindi to extend its control
over the region. Kabul is likely to seize on the arrests to
step up its propaganda campaign denouncing Pakistani "repres-
sion" of the Pushtoon people.
CdS1' cirmishing is continuing along the Afghan-Pakistani fron-
tier, although on a smaller scale than in September. Despite
reports from Kabul that Pakistani "troops" have been involved,
--SEeRET--
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_there is still no evidence that Rawalpindi has committed reg-
ular army forces. Units of the quasi-military border securi-
ty forces, however, have been sent to the troubled Bajour
area--placing them on this sector of the frontier apparently
for the first time--and reportedly have been involved in some
of the fighting.
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Upsurge of Anti-Regime Propaganda in Turkey
The announcement that the long-awaited trials of the lead-
ers of the ousted Bayar-Menderes government will begin on
14 October has apparently sparked increased expressions of
opposition to the military junta that overthrew the regime. Slo-
gans opposing the Committee of National Union (CNU) have ap-
peared on outdoor display cases and posters,,_and it is alleged
that code passwords, reminiscent of the pre-coup demonstra-
tions, are being circulated orally.
those who criticize the military regime are being arrest
there has been no significant expression of opposition.
Nonetheless, the military junta, by its recent propa-
ganda tour of the provinces and its extension of the term of mar-
tial law, has indicated a continuing uneasiness. A senior mem-
ber of the CNU is reported to have stated recently that the com-
mittee would be willing to eliminate half of the four million sup-
porters of the former Democrat party if necessary to protect the
revolution,
rmy units throughout Turkey reportedly have been alerted
to be prepared for possible rioting as an outgrowth of the trials.
The-CNU is also reported to be taking security precautions for
- itself, the cabinet, and members of the court that will try the
members of the deposed regime.
According to the Turkish press, 38 of the nearly 500 persons
imprisoned on the island of Yassiada are under indictments car-
rying the death penalty. These include ex-President Bayar, ex-
Premier Menderes, and most members of the deposed cabinet.
LThere are reports, however, of considerable pressure both within
and outside the government to minimize the use of the death penal-
ty. Whatever the outcome of the trials, it appears that the pres-
ent regime will face its greatest test of stability during the next
few weeks until all major figures are tried and sentenced. There
apparently is no appeal of decisions rendered by the Supreme
Court of Justiceovhich has been named specifically for these tri-
als.
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The Situation M the Congo
Recent activity by deposed Premier Lurnumba--includ-
ing a reshuffle of his "cabinet" and a day of speechmaking in
the native quarter of Leopoldville�represents an effort to
strengthen his position and counter recent defections among
his followers. Although Lumumba's harangues hinted at a
countercoup, his return to "house arrest" in the premier's
residence, after several popular demonstrations on his be-
half, suggests that he is at a loss as to his next move.
Lumumba's conduct also suggests that he is following
Cairo's advice that he "emphasize that he is prime minister. . .
by making a large number of declarations, statements, and
press conferences and other similar acts within his power."
Imminent "reversals" for Lumumba
unless he received strong international support. In the wake of
Mobutu's exposure of the UAR's pro-Lumumba activities, Cairo
instructed its ambassador on 8 October "to carry out the UN's
instructions" even if it involved the transfer of UAR forces
away from Leopoldville.
In Katanga, ant1-Tshomb6 Baluba tribesmen have stepped
up guerrilla activity. The most recent disorders began on 4 Oc-
tober, when Baluba bands attacked trains and other railroad in-
stallations near Albertville. A UN official in Elisabethville has
observed that anti-Tshombe tribesmen continue to dominate cen-
tral Katanga, and that he sees no sign of improvement in the
present situation. Tshombe', however, has criticized the UN
for failing to give his troops a free hand to put down the disor-
ders.
Elsewhere, Tshornb� has strongly attacked Belgium for
failing to grant diplomatic recognition to Katanga. klis 9 Octo-
ber statement appears designed to bring pressure to bear for
diplomatic support, while at the same time avoiding any sug-
gestion of subservience to Brussels. kle may be under pressure
from within the Conakat party to modify his hitherto pro-Belgian
posture.
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%IVA I AA AAAA
1.40"
THE PRESIDENT
The Vice President
Executive Offices of the White House
Special Assistant for National Security Affairs
Scientific Adviser to the President
Director of the Budget
Director, Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization
Director, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Special Assistant for Security Operations Coordination
Chairman, Board of Consultants on Foreign Intelligence Activities
Special Assistant for Foreign Economic Policy
Executive Secretary, National Security Council
The Treasury Department
The Secretary of the Treasury
The Department of State
The Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State
The Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs
The Deputy Under Secretary of State for Administration
The Counselor
Director, International Cooperation Administration
The Director of Intelligence and Research
The Department of Defense
The Secretary of Defense
The Deputy Secretary of Defense
Assistant Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs
The Secretary of the Army
The Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Air Force
The Chairman, The Joint Chiefs of Staff
The Director, The Joint Staff
Chief of Staff, United States Army
Chief of Naval Operations, United States Navy
Chief of Staff, United States Air Force
Commandant, United States Marine Corps
Assistant to Secretary of Defense for Special Operations
Director for Intelligence, The Joint Staff
Assistant Chief of Staff for Intelligence, Department of Army
Director of Naval Intelligence, Department of Navy
Assistant Chief of Staff, Intelligence, Department of the Air Force
Supreme Allied Commander, Europe
Commander in Chief, Pacific
The Department of Commerce
The Secretary of Commerce
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The Director
Atomic Energy Commission
The Chairman
National Security Agency
The Director
National Indications Center
The Director
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