GRC PLAN FOR OPEN MILITARY OPERATIONS AGAINST MAINLAND CHINA

• Document Type: FOIA
• Collection: FOIA Collection
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 02816189
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 8
• Document Creation Date: March 9, 2023
• Document Release Date: February 24, 2020
• Case Number: F-2018-01235
• Publication Date: May 25, 1962

TELEGRAM
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INr.aRMATION REP(�vtT
TELEGRAM
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Es
793 and 794, thft transmission or revelation of which In any manner to an unauthorized person Is prohibited by law.,
ET
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Title 18, 1.14.0ecs.
cumuncAnoN--mcwhimAnomommom
NOFORN/LIMITED/NO DISSEM ABROAD/BACIGROUND USE
COUNTRY CHINA (TAIWAN)
SUBJECT
DATE OP
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACC
APPRAISA
Bffilif4MN3Yr NO.
,GRC PLN FOR OPEN MILITARY OPERATinUiTGAN DATE DISTR. 25 I4AY 1962
AGAINST MAINLAND CHINA. _ GILDNER
_ KAYSEN PRECEDENCE ROUTINE
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REFERENCES IN
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THIS IS UNLVALUAILI) INFORMATION.SOURCEGRAWWItEDEFINITIVE.APPRAISALOFCONTENTIS TENTATIVE
A Pi* ISAL
SOURCE
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TO STATE: NO DISTRIBUTION EXCEPT TO ROGER Imam, JR.
1. COMM. ON 23 MAY 1962 THE GOMM= ar THE
REPUBLIC OF CHINA(GRC)PRESENTED FOR UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT
APPROVAL AND NECESSARY ACTION THE OUTLINE PLAN FOR THE SECOND
STAGE OF COUNTERATTACK ON THE CHINA MAINLAND.
DETAIL AI GRC PLANS FOR THE FIRST STAGE OF
MAINLAND COUNTERATTACK BUT ONLY BROADLY OUTLINED PLANS FOR THE
SECOND STAGE. THIS REPORT DETAILS THE OUTLINE OF THE SECOND
STAGE. THE GRC PLANS FOR DEPLOYMENT OF FORCES AND CHOICE OF
TARGET AREAS GIVEN IN THIS REPORT ARE BASED ON ESTIMATES OF
MILITARY, TOPOGRAPHICAL, ECONOMIC, AND SOCIOLOGICAL CONDITIONS
SE ET
CLASSIFICATION �DISSEMINATIONCONTROLS
NO/PORN/LIMITED/NO DISSEM ABROAD/BACIGROUND USE ONLY
GROUP I
Excluded from automatic
downgrading and
declasslii
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XIIIICSIVEXEMENCCXXXIIIMIPCEIRCIIXECUPCXBIRMIDEXICIEISALPEOCCXPEXIDOXIINKAXENEXPIIIMEPOMIX4
STATE HUMAN ONLY NOTE LIMITED DISSEM), AD/CI, DD/I, AD/NE
INFORMATION REPORT
TELEGRAM
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ON MAINLAND CHINA, WHICH THE GRC ALSO PROVIDED. THESE ESTIMATES
WILL BE SEPARATELY REPORTED
2. THE GRC PLAN FOR THE SECOND STAGE OF MAINLAND
COUNTERATTACK CALLED FOR PHASED OPERATIONS AGAINST CERTAIN TARGETS
IN THE CH�A0CHOU-SWATOW, AMOY, OR FOOCHOW AREAS OF SOUTH CHINA
USING THE GRC ARMY, NAVY, AND AIR FORCE. THE PRIMARY CONCEPT
OF THIS PLAN WAS THAT THE GRC WOULD COUNTERATTACK THE MAINLAND
WITH ITS OWN FORCES WHILE THE UNITED STATES AND THE GRC JOINTLY
DEFENDED TAIWAN, PENGHU AND THE OFFSHORE ISLANDS, AND THE
UNITED STATES PROVIDED LOGISTIC SUPPORT FOR ATTACKING GRC FORCES.
3. SUCCESS OF THE PLAN WAS PREDICATED ON THE DEVELOPMENT
WITHIN COMMUNIST CHINA OF A POPULAR RESISTANCE MOVEMENT THAT WAS
TO BE BROUGHT ABOUT THROUGH POLITICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE
AND BY PARAMILITARY ACTION UNDER THE FIRST STAGE OF THE PLAN.
THE FIRST PHASE OF STAGE TWO OF THE PLAN CALLED FOR AIRBORNE AND
MARITIME COMMANDO RAIDS OF VARYING SIZES AGAINST PRESELECTED
TARGETS ON THE FUKIEN AND KWANGTUNG COASTS TO PROVIDE SUPPORT TO
ANTI COMMUNISTS IN INITIATING RESISTANCE MOVEMENTS, TO OCCUPY
LIGHTLY DEFENDED CITIES AND VITAL MOUNTAINOUS REGIONS IN
PROVINCIAL BORDER AREAS. PHASE TWO OF STAGE TWO ENVISIONED
ASSAULT LANDINGS AT SEVERAL BEACHES ALONG THE FUKIEN AND
KWANGTUNG COASTS TO CARRY OUT CONVENTIONAL WARFARE OPERATIONS.
TFIE_MC WOULD ALSO HAVE TO SEIZE ONE OR TWO AIRFIELDS AND ONE
CLASSIFICATION � DISSEMINATION CONTROLS
ET NOFORN/LIETTED/NO DISSIal ABROAD/BACKGROUND USE ONLY
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SEAPORT THEN CONSTRUCT STRONG FORTIFICATIONS AROUND THEM FOR USE
AS THE INITIAL BEACHHEAD LINKING THE COMBAT AREA WITH TAIWAN AND
THE PENGHU ISLANDS. THESE WOULD PROVIDE BASES FOR THE REPULSING
OF COMMUNIST COUNTERATTACKS , THE CONTINUING OF LARGE-SCALE AIRDROP
OPERATIONS BEHIND ENEMY LINES AND THE SPREADING OF THE
RESISTANCE MOVEMENT. PHASE THREE OF STAGE TWO, WHICH WAS
PREDICATED UPON THE CONSOLIDATION OF THE GRC BEACHHEAD ON THE
MAJNLAND AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF A RESISTANCE MOVEMENT BEHIND
ENEMY LINES, CALLED FOR GRC TROOPS TO ADVANCE DEEPER INTO AREAS
OF FUKIEN AND KWANGTUNG OR TO occuncToiaa ONE OF THESE
PROVINCES. WHEN THIS HAD BEEN ACCOMPLISHED, THE GRC WOULD
APPRAISE THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SOVIETS AND COMMUNIST
CHINESE, THE COMBAT STRENGTH OF THE CHINESE COMMUNIST TROOPS,
AND THE STRENGTH OF RESISTANCE MOVEMENTS NORTH OF THE YELLOW
RIVER TO DETERMINE WHETHER TO DEVELOP A PLAN FOR THE UNIFICATION
OF ALL OF CH I NA OK TO PARTITION CHII1A, TEMPORARILY UNTIL
RESISTANCE MOVEMENTS IN NORTH CHINA HAD INCREASED AND SPREAD.
4. THE IMPLEMENTATION OF STAGE TWO CALLED FOR THE
ORGANIZATION OF A COMBINED ARMY-NAVY AMPHIBIOUS TASK FORCE AND A
COMINED ARMY-AIR TASK FORCE FOR OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS. THE NAVY
AND AIR FORCE THROUGHOUT THE COUNTEROFFENSIVE WERE TO BE PRIMARILY
CONCENTRATED IN OFFENSIVE OPERATIONS WITH THE UNITED STATES
. CLASSIFICATION � DISSEMINATION CONTROLS
NOFORNAIMITED/NO DISSEM ABROAD/BACKGROUND USE ONLY
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DEFENDING THE TAIWAN AREA. UNDER THE TERMS OF THE MUTUAL DEFENSE
TREATY THE ARMY WOULD ALLOCATE PART OF ITS FORCES FOR THE
DEFENSE OF TAIWAN, THE PENGHU AND OFFSHORE ISLANDS. THE SPECIFIC
DEPLOYMENT OF FORCES WAS TO BE AS FOLLOWS
0
A. IN PHASE ONE UNITS OF THE SPECIAL FORCES AND THE ANTI
COMMUNIST NATIONAL SALVATION CORPS WOULD BE CHARGED WITH
UNCONVENTIONAL WARFARE. THEY WOULD HAVE THE NECCESSARY SUPPORT
OF THE NAVY AND AIR FORCE.
B. IN PHASE TWO THE ARMY WOULD ASSIGN UNITS TO COORDINATE
WITH THE NAVY AS A COMBINED AMPHIBIOUS TASK FORCE. THE INITIAL
LANDING FORCE WOULD COMPRISE ONE MARINE DIVISION TO BE FOLLOWED UP
BY TWO OR THREE REGULAR DIVISIONS WHICH IN TURN WOULD BE
REINFORCED BY SIX TO NINE REGULAR DIVISIONS. ONE ARMORED
DIVISION WOULD SUPPORT THESE FORCES. THE NAVY AND AIR FORCE
WOULD SUPPORT THE LANDING OPERATION. THE GRC HAD A SEA TRANSPORT
CAPABILITY OF 68 LANDING CRAFT TOTALLING 122,800 TONS THAT COULD
CARRY ONE REINFORCED LANDING DIVISION PLUS 140,000 TONS OF
MERCHANT VESSELS THAT COULD SUPPORT MILITARY OPERATIONS DURING
THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE COUNTEROFFENSIVE. THE MERCHANT VESSELS
COULD BE USED ONLY FOR ADMINISTRATIVE LOADING PURPOSES INCLUDING
THE TRANSPORTATION OF REINFORCEMENTS. DEFENSIVELY THREE ARMY
DIVISIONS WOULD REMAIN ON CHINMEN, ONE DIVISION ON MATSU WITH
Fl E INFANTRY DIVISIONS ASSIGNED TO DEFEND TAIWAN AND THE
CLASSIFICATION - DISSEMINATION CONTROLS
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PENGHU ISLANDS. THIS ARRANGEMENT, PLUS THE HELP OF UNITED STATES
MILITARY FORCES, WOULD ENABLE THEM TO DEFEND THIS AREA. THE
REMAINING NINE TO THIRTEEN INFANTRY DIVISIONS AND ONE ARMORED
DIVISION WOULD BE PUT UNDER THE CONTROL OF THE SUPREME
HEADQUARTERS AS A GENERAL RESERVE FORCE. THE MAIN BODY OF THE
FORCE WOULD REMAIN IN TAIWAN AND THE PENGHU ISLANDS WITH PART OF
IT STATIONED ON CHINMEN AS A MOBILE FORCE READY FOR THE
EXPLOITATION OF THE COUNTERATTACK.
C. THE NAVY DURING PHASE TWO WOULD BE ENGAGED PRIMARILY
IN THE COMBINED AMPHIBIOUS TASK FORCE, BUT IT WOULD HAVE TO
COORDINATE CLOSELY WITH THE UNITED STATES TO INSURE THE SECURITY
OF THE TAIWAN STRAIT AND IMPORTANT SEA AREAS NEARBY. IF THE GRC
NAVY WAS FORCED INTO DECISIVE BATTLE WITH THE COMMUNIST FLEET,
IT SHOULD DESTROY THE ENEMY VESSELS WITH THE SUPPORT OF THE GRC
AND UNITED STATES AIR FORCES IN ACCORD WITH THE TERMS OF THE
ROCHESTER PLAN.
D. THE JOINT ARMY-AIR TASK FORCE WOULD CONDUCT AIRBORNE
OPERATIONS AGAINST PRESELECTED TARGETS IN SUPPORT OF THE MAIN
LANDING FORCES IN PHASE TWO. THE AIR FORCE IN PHASE TWO WOULD BE
DEPLOYED TO INITIATE CONCENTRATED ATTACKS ON COMMUNIST FIRST
LINE AIRFIELDS AND IMPORTANT RADAR STATIONS TO FORCE THE
COMMUNIST AIR FORCE TO RETREAT TO SECOND AND THIRD LINE AIRFIELDS
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MAKING IMPOSSIBLE THE LOCATION OF COORDINATED OPERATION OF
COMMUNIST BOMBS AND FIGHTERS. FROM THIS POINT, TOP PRIORITY
FOR THE AIR FORCE WOULD BE THE MAINTENANCE OF AIR SUPREMACY OVER
THE TARGET AREA AND THE CONTINUATION OF COUNTERAIR OPERATIONS.
AFTER THE EXECUTION OF COUNTERAIR OPERATIONS, SOME AIR FORCE
STRENGTH WOULD HAVE TO BE ASSIGNED TO INTERDICTION MISSIONS
AIMED AT ISOLATING THE BATTLEFIELDS AND WEAKENING COMMUNIST
REINFORCEMENT CAPABILITIES. THE AIR FORCE WOULD ALSO HAVE TO
PROVIDE THE COMBINED AMPHIBIOUS TASK FORCE WITH PROPER
INTELLIGENCE INFORMATION DATA AND COVER TO INSURE THE SECURITY OF
TASK FORCE CONCENTRATION. AFTER THE AMPHIBIOUS OPERATIONS HAD
PROGRESSED THE AIR FORCE WOULD MOVE ITS COMBAT UNITS FORWARD INTO
THE MAINLAND COASTAL AREA TO AUGMENT THE SCOPE OF ITS OPERATIONAL
ACTIVITIES.
5. GRC TARGETS FOR LANDINGS ON THE MAINLAND WERE LIMITED TO
THOSE WITHIN THE OPERATIONAL RADIUS OF THE GRC AIR FORCE AND
THOSE THAT COULD BE LINKED TO TAIWAN AND THE PENGHU ISLANDS IN
THE ABSENCE OF DIRECT UNITED STATES PARTICIPATION IN THE
COUNTERATTACK. THUS THE GRC WAS PRESENTING FOOCHOW, CH'AOCHOU-
SWATOW, AND AMOY FOR CONSIDERATION. FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF
CHINESE COMMUNIST DEFENSE CAPABILITIES AND THE FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
OF THE COUNTERATTACK, CH�A0CHOU SWATOW APPEARED THE BEST LANDING
AREA. FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF GRC COMBAT CAPABILITY AND THE
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CONSOLIDATION F A GRC BASE ON THE MAINLAND, HOWEVER, THE AMOY
AREA WAS PREFERABLE.
6. TO PERMIT THE SUCCESSFUL COMPLETION OF AN OPERATION
AGAINST ONE OF THESE TARGETS THE GRCYREQUESTED THAT THE UNITED
STATES ADHERE TO THE TERMS OF THE MUTUAL DEFENSE TREATY, AUGMENT
THE STRENGTH OF ITS FORCES IN THE TAIWAN AREA, SUPPLY CERTAIN
PRESENTLY NEEDED EQUIPMENT FOR THE GRC AND REPLACE EQUIRqUIT
LOST BY THE GRC DURING ITS COUNTEROFFENSIVE OPERATION. THE
QUANTITY Of EQUIPMENT NEEDED REPRESENTED GRC HOPES FOR UNITED
STATES AFD AND DID NOT REPRESENT ANY �'''CONDITION#10 PLACED UPON THE
UNITED STATES BY THE GRC. COMMENT. THE OFFICIALS DID
NOT AMPLIFY THIS STATEMENT FURTHER) THE GRC REQUESTED THAT
WITHIN THE TERMS OF THE MUTUAL DEFENSE TREATY THE UNITED STATES
MAINTAIN EFFECTIVE CONTROL OVER THE TAIWAN STRAIT, UNDERTAKE THE
BULK OF THE AIR DEFENSE RESPONSIBILITY FOR TAIWAN AND THE PENGHU
ISLANDS, CONDUCT RECONNAISSANCE AND PATROL MISSIONS OVER THE
STRAIT pARTICULARI- STRENGTHENING COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST CHIE
COMMUNIST SUBMARINES, AND ATTACK ANY COMMUNIST MILITARY UNITS
ATTEMPTING TO CROSS THE STRAIT. ESSENTIAL EQUIPMENT URGENTLY
NEEDED FROM THE UNITED STATES INCLUDED 16 B-57 BOMBERS FOR
ATTACKING SECOND LINE CHINESE COMMUNIST BASES PLUS THE FOLLOWING
NAVAL VESSELS AMOUNTING TO A TOTAL TONNAGE OF 100,000'. 1 LSD,
2n 1U 10 1W, 10 ICU, 50 LrM, 4 MSC AND 20 Mcl. THE GRC HAD
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THE NECESSARY MEN TRAINED AND READY TO MAN THESE VESSELS. THE
GRC ALSO HOPED THE UNITED STATES WOULD PROVIDE FOR FOLLOWING
AID FOR THE ARMY; FULL EQUIPMENT FOR THE 15 FORWARD LOOK
DIVISIONS, M-41 TANKS FOR THE TWO ARMORED DIVISIONS, FULL
EQUIPMENT FOR NINE RESERVE INFANTRY DIVISION SO THAT THESE COULD
BE REORGANIZED INTO LIGHT INFANTRY DIVISION, PERSONNEL PARACHUTES
AND CARGO PARACHUTES PLUS OTHER EQUIPMENT FOR AIRBORNE UNITS AND
BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION RIVER CROSSING EQUIPMENT. THE GRC REQUESTED
THAT THE UNITED STATES REPLENISH ALL WEAPONS AND EQUIPMENT SUCH
AS AIRCRAFT NAVAL VESSELS AND ARTILLERY PIECES, AND ALL KINDS OF
SUPPLIES LOST IN ACTION OR THROUGH ATTRITION AS SOON AS THE LOSS
OCCURRED. THE GRC ALSO NEEDED ALL KINDS OF EQUIPMENT, MATERIAL
AND UTILITIES NECESSARY FOR THE REOPENING OF SEAPORTS ALONG THE
MAINLAND COAST DURING THE INITIAL STAGE OF THE COUNTEROFFENSIVE
OPERATION. THESE WOULD INCLUDE PONTOONS, CAUSEWAYS AND FLOATING
WHARVES AND VARIOUS KINDS OF LIGHTERS AND BARGES.
7.
DISSEM: STATE(tHARGE ONLY)
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