REFERENCE FOR STRATEGIC MEDICAL SIGNIFICANCE OR LYSERGIC AND DIETHYLAMIDE (LSD-25)

• Document Type: SPECIALCOLLECTION
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 00146129
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 10
• Document Creation Date: December 17, 2024
• Document Release Date: January 15, 1983
• Publication Date: August 30, 1955

5,.s-L:4,3"-ttz
,��� ;
- ly
IPS FILE COPY,
DONO REMOY.I.
�
References For
STRATEGIC rEDIV.L SIGNIFICArCE
- OF LYSERGIC ACID DLETHYLAMIDE (LSD-25)
30 August 1955
AGE:: IC Y
Office of Scientific Intelligence
44.=�-��S.
� �
� r����� 7.��
1.
� ;11Z.:FIERT.-Z:CES.
�.
Alcred. redlcinal Chcnistry, Iu Xork, N.Y., Interscience
Fublishcrs, Inc., 701 1, 1951, p 350, u
7 . 0
� . .� � �
3. CIA �f^����":,.f�
� 4. CIA. -"` "1-�,�-�-t--, 4
! 5. Jacobs, W.A. and Craig, L.C.. "The ergot al Th
kaloids II. e de-d..
; ation of crgotininc with alkali. Lysergic acid." Journal Biol.
vol 104, 1934, p 547, U
. ./...k .
t. �
6. Stoll,.W.A. "Lysergicsaeure-diethylamid, em n Pl-f,ntastik-n w,s dr.,-
. N utterkorru e. (Lysergic acid diethylamidr., a pht,ntastic zu'-lstamee ngpp
from the ergot group)." Schl:eir: Arch. f. 3:^urol. u. -osvchi.,'
.vol GO, 1947, p 279, U I
7. Mothfls, K. and Silber, H. "Ueber die Variabiliteet des Muttr�rrns.
(Concerning the variability of ergot)," "Die Ph:.rnazie, vol 7, 192,
P 310, U
� .
8. cTA .
. �
9. Patent snn,..'r4c,,tion 579,484, United Kingdom,- Application
. 28 Apr 44.
� �
10. CIA. c�-�
11 CIA. �
...**�-��"i����. c.`
12. Condrau, G. "Klinischefahrungen uud Geisterkrank,,,, mit L::s^rgia
Acid Dizethy'id. (Clinical erperienees, testing ment,lly sick
vith.Lysergic acid diethylsmide)." Acta Pnychiat. et ::flurol., vo'
24, 1949, p 9, U
�
13. Forrer, G.R. and Goldner, R.D. "Erperimental physiological studies
with Lysergic acid dithyl=ide (1.50-25)," Arch. cf n.ni2;.01. and
rtychiatr7, vol 64, i>51, y-581, U
- . . .
14. Savage, C. "Lysergic acid iliathylamide results in schizophrcni-,
ulth depression." Lncrican Jourrill of Ps:xhiatrv, vol 103, 1952,
p 896, u � -
15. toyer-Gross, u,NcAdtlm, W. and Walker, J. "Psychological and bio-
logical effecl:s of lysergic acid diethylmide," rature, London, vol
ao, 1951, p'8271
� - 1R
� �
. .... � � .
�
I-
�
. 3.0.
16. CIAv--
�
17. D2Shon, H.J., in1, U.ar.d Solc=on, H:C. chanpa
experJ=utally produced by LSD," Psychiatric ;:oart,erly, -401 2C,
no 1, 1952, p.33, U
Katz, Sidney, "My 12 hourn as a Madmsn," .Meclean's,', Canada, vol 66,
no 19, 1 Oct 53, p 9, U
19. Krayenbubl, Prof. H. "Thepathosencnis, clinical aspects and troat-
rnnt of headache." Title, Basel, Switzerland, Sandoz, Ltd.,
vol 1, no 3, Mar 53, p U �
20. SaVv.ze, C. ."Lyzercie acid diet-atmide; a cical-psychological
ctudy." nesearch Report Project NM C01-056.C6.02. Naval Medical
Research Center, Nat. Naval Medical Center, Bethesda, Md.,
'!- 9 Sep 51, U
21.
22.
,�
CIAa'������-��4"...4. A
,
;;' !�:r
" ; - *.�����,,,:�;
�
et
Problc,my, Poland, vol 9, no 7, 1953,-U
25; CIA. .
26. Forcie,n Service Despatch, Madras, India, Disp. no 1111, 4 Er 52 U
27.
28. CIA.
29�
39.
31.
32. Yonnr;Imu, R.W., Jr. "Ercot-A 4ble5s4ns and a scourp," Econonic
Botany, vol 1, no 4, Oct-Dc.c 1947, p 372, U
z , �
� ' t" ���*".�''...f
. .�
� ' " �' �
CIA.
CIA� 4.� e
33. Stoll, W.A. "norschach Veysnebe unter Lysercsaeure-Diethyl=id
Virhung.. (Rorsehach.tests under the effect of lyserisie-aeid
diethyls.midc)," Rcwschr:ehina, Switnerland, vol 1, no 3, 1953, p
Vt,�;�7.�-�-"
ZI1
� �
011,r%
3);
. Mayer-Cross, W., VcAdam, W. nit] Wzdhar, j. "Further obcrvatic.?s
on the orients or lysergic acid dicthylanidc," Journ11 of ren1:::1
ik..5ence, vol 99, Oct 53; p 417, U.
35. S:...ndoz Index 1953-195h, Sandoz ProductsLtd., Loudon,. Eualond, U
36. Stoll, Arthur. "Recent investiGations on erect alkaloids," Chem4..cal
Review: vol 47, no 2, 1950, p 197. U
�
38-
�
37. Liddell, D.W. and Veil-Mulherbel H. "The effects of nethedrine
and of lyserzic acid diathyl=mide .cn mental proeesses eud en the
blood adrenalin level," Journal of ::enrolcry, 1:-urosurrerv. ar,d
Psychfotrv, land, vol 1'67-153, p 7, U
Fischer, R., Ceorai, F. and Weber, R. "Psychohysische Korrelztiozen-
VIII Modellveronehe Schizophrenieproblem. Lyzerasaura -diathyl-
amide und Yes%alin. (Psychophysical correlations. VIII Experi-
mntal nodel fr): schizophrenia problem.. LyserGic acid diethylallide
and Mescaline)." Sch�zeiz. Med. 1:och., vol 81, nos 34-35, 1951, .0 Err,
39.. Blichonstorfer, E. "ZuM tetiolOgischen Problem der Psychoson vom
akuten cxozeren Reaktiontypns. Lyseravaure-dieth.ylamid, ein
psychisch virksamer tcxischer Spurenstoff. (2-tio1ozieal-eroblams
of pL:yehores of tLe acute cxczenous-reaetion type)," Arch. f.
Ptvehistry .und Zeit. revrol.-,'S'.-:itzarland, vol 1a-3, 1952, p. 226, U
O. Rothlin, E. "The phar..lacolomf of the natural and dihydroa:enated
alkaloids of erzot," Bull. de l'Aead. cl'ui'!or. des S-iences Med., vol. 2,
110 4, 1946-47, p 33, u
. .
, .
41. Becker, A.M. "Zr Psychopatho)ogie der Lyser,7zas.i.ere dipethylamid
Wirkung. (Contribution to the psychopatholoy of lyseraie acid
diethylamide effectj." Wiener Zit. 4'. r,r7cnh-ind-
0renzrebiete, vol 2, no 371949, U
1.
Mayer-Cross, W. "EZperirental psychoses and nental anor=litif,n
produced by drncs," Lritish !.fedical jonrn:-..1, no 4727, 11 Auf.: 51,
:P 317, U
43. Nusch, A.K. and Johnson, W.C. "LSD 23 as an aid in psychothernny,"
Discasr,s of the rervous vol 11, no 9, 1950, U.
44. Uhlc, P.C. and jacos, W.A. "The .erot alkaloids.- XX Tht.1 tois
of dihydro-dl-lyueraic acid. A new synthesis cf 3-substitv(tes
quinolincs," Journal of Or7anic Chemistry, vol 101'no 1, 1945,
� p 76,u
�
AV � *001 .,��4���� ""�7" r ,'�!�. �
eki ���.....1"'..TV4Kr,
- 53.
/
/(
15. P.C., Jzukina, C.L. G.E. "InOol derivni!..�%:a
relAted to lyar:rtc of 1:1;,, f:-2r5.cau
Assoc.,.Sciimtifie Edition, vol 40; no li, i5J1, p U
for-
.46. Yatefi, L. und Lyanrgsecure diethyl=id-Raucch.
0;2:lei-din:. and lyacrgic ncid diethylidc.intezication)," Confinia
vol 26, no 3, .1952, p 146, U
'
47. Einhel, g., Laghon, N.J., Eydo, R.W. nnd Salczen, N.C. "Encri=entril
schizophrenia-like sy=ptons," Psychir.tric rcrly, vol 26, no 2,
1952, p 572, U
� 48. Noah, P.N., Cattoll, J.P. and Pen, U.N. "Effects of rescaline
and lyser;ic acid (d-LSD-25)." A=erican Journnl of
vo 26, no 2, 1952, p 535, U
-h9. Hoch, P.N., Cattail, J.P. ard Petres, U.N. "Effects of drugs-
theoretic:11 conziCerations fro= a psychological viewpoint," it=rican
Journal of Psyer'-,try, vol 26, uo 2, 1952, p 535, U
50. Fredcrking, U. "Uebcr die Verweedung von Rauschdrogen (geskalin Und
Lyscrgsancre-disethylanid) in der Paychotharapic. (Use of intoNi-
cants-nescalire and lysergic acid diathyl=ida in psychothera-Jy),"
Psych. 7/24t. f. U. ;:i...n...7c:h^nku-dc in For.- U. �
yra):is, vol o, no o, 193, p 32-1, U
51. Yaycr-Gross, W., MeAdam. W. and VaII:cr, J. "Dicthyla=ide of lyaergie
acid and carbohydrate retaboliall," ::ervanrzt, vol 23, no 1, 1952,
p 30, U �
: �
52. Bovet, D. "Nicerche sui sirpalitico e sugli ozitoci Ci sintesi nolla
eerie dell' ergatznina. (St-ies on syrthetic sy=pathicolytics and
-ozytocics.in ergof.la=ine sic)," Rendicanti Istits.rta S=er4are Di
Sanita. Italy, vol 15, no 10, 1952, p 723, U
Witt, P.N. Mfe, vol 36, no 12, 22 gar 54, p 79, U.
54- Weyl, Drig:itte. "Versuch ciner psychaathologischan An?.lyse der
LSD-Wirt::. (An attc=pt to a payenc7.atho1ogiaal analysis of the
LSD effect)," D.:,ctor's Di:rtation, University of Freil;urg, vest
Germany, 1951, U
55. MUxley, hiclous. The Doors of Pe'rcentior Eel, York, N.Y., Eurger
_
arid Brothers, 1954, U �-
- -
or -0 I tor � ���..4..14.1;
� � �
CIA Inlcroul 1Dic On3y
� �
56. BencicAti, G. "Dzispiel'elnur striAti.,:;malyLisch:,n urn)
phari7accly=1::ch�In Ungrouc!tun.n.n Ci%C2 Yall von AlkoholhailnziLc....e,
Chararn%nroce UDU pzychorw�htiver fialluninnsa. (1:=7:?lc a
strt.icture am:aysi..; and pl.a=coelyn-:..mic ii!vestigation or a case of
alcohol hallu:;cination, char:.ctr nurosis and psychoreactive
hallucination)," it. f. Pr-fohother:,:.)ie u. Yed. Pnychol., vol 1,
1951, p 177,
57. Vitt, N. "d-Lysergzauere-dicthyla=id (15D-25) Spinnentest. '
.(d-lysergic acid dicthylanide in the spinning test)," LcFarien-.;i:11
Switzerland, vol 7, 1951, p 310, U
56. Rothlin, D. and Cerletti, A. "Uber cinige pharnacologische
UUterCUChlr.3'7.1D an Manson nit ccncenitalcr Drehsucht. (Sone
pharnacological investigations ou nice vith consenital Ivaltzitg'
anoraly)," Phvnici. Acta., vol 10, 1952, p 319, U
. 59. Stoll, A. and Hort:atm, A. "Die cmtisch Lktiven Hydrazide der
�Irlergsacure und der Isolycergaaeure. (The optically active
bydrazidcs of lyric acid and isolysergic acid)," Hely. Chin:.
� Acta, vol 26, 1943, p 922, U
.60. Kucssncr, V. "Die Allmloide des Muttcrkorns. (Mc alkaloids of
ercot)," D. rerrf,:'s Ans%:al .7.eport, Darr.stadt, Vest 0criasny, vol 65,
1951, p 14, U
�
61. Gastaut, H., Ferrer, S. and Castclls, C. "Action de la diethyl=f.de
de l'acide d-lysergigne (LSD-25) sur les fonetions psychicr.:cs et
l'electroencephalora=a. (Action of the diethyl=ido of d-ly!lergie
acid (LSD-25) on the ?nychic functions and on the electro-
encepheloi..-ram)," Confinia ::curo1oca, Basel, Switzerland, vol 13,
no 2, .1952, p 102, U
. ,r,;�
- .
63.
64.
t,���=.,:14:0 ���� ��A
� r
:77';
65. CIA. .L
vq.
�
� �
66. CIA, MIS, USSR and DE, 6.Nov 52, It
67. Korafold, E.C., Fornefeld, D.J., Kline, G.B., Mr.nn; M.J., Jchf?s,
and VE;odleard, R.B. "The total.synthesis of lyscrgic acid and
ergonovine," Journal of the Americ:.n Chan:icalssolciaticn, vol 76,
uo 20, 19544 p 52o.
. �
�
�
511 4..."4 �
�
�
�
������
�
63.
CIA.
70. CIA. FDD/U-54(01 4 Feb 54, For Of:icial Usa. Only
. 71.
CIA.
��
..... 104
72. CIA.
�
.73.
74� CIA �
75. CIA�.
76. CIA. ItZ;77'' ' - �
77. +.�,^�"�';
78. Cult �"!' " "'� �
� � 77.
�
79 � c:r.A.�
Co.
�.� 4.441
81.
82.. Ehe IL and Ya=atodani S. "Isolation o' further two -watar---solublo
ergot aThaloids" J. A:7. Chet: Soa. of Japan,- vol 28, no 6) june
1954, p 501: U
811.
"Sasalab, V.A. �Yethods of Cultivating Ergot ror !!.adiclnal Pnrposes,
Moscov, Medgiz, 1941, p .
85. CIA. .- � ,
7.�
- 86. CIA. ,..,-, -71t
. ....-.............,....� ,,,:-.4-.,-, - %-....,,..-,-.7.,:,....., 7-:.��11
frri � ..... .. , -- -......
z'a;:- � ..:-..f ...�..-44...en.,,,,42,4;.?:,�.....{it:,:s.
..4.:
�
89. Silbor, A. and Dischoff, U. "Din Konstanz et:5 Alkaloid cchaltes bai
veraohi:Idenen flassen von Eutterkorn. - (Constancy cf-alhaloidal contant:
in different straits of erGot)," Die Pharr.ania, vol.9, 1954, p 44p U
_
-611-
�
�C2.
90.
����� ''.?
�
� ..,
(-.IA. .....
� � .�
S.� � '"11$
� �.
91. CIA.
92.
93.
9.
95:
96.
97.
93.
99�
. �
�
CIA.
CIA.
CIA.
CIA.
CIA.
��-%?!�.�-�����,"�� '
' - . � '
,�� � [
',I.:JIM". � ""41.11"."��4Nr.:
� '
!,��� �:* � '
����'����
�
1-�
�
'
. �-�
co- � "4, r� � ���,"�� � s.;
�
. � ������,...10-4e.*:-m-s."...-----,%��"*".":"...,,
CIA� �
RochaIrnyor, E. "Die biologische Synthene von 1:utterkornanaloiden
und ihre Ty::denturg fuer die gale-nit:eh?. rhc=azie. (The bioloical
unthesis of er;:ot alkaloids and their ni.nificano. for cclanical
phar=acy),". Dnatoc!.1::
2cituncr. No 1, Jan i9j4, p 1, U
:103, Katzenelbo:ren, S. end ran,7, A.D.. flrarcosynthesis effect:. of sodiu=
.awytal;.methedrinc IFL-25," Diaeascb of the-. Nermls .
Ear 1953, p.83, U
. .
Eradley, P.D., Ellzs, C. and Mks, J. "LSD on hunan vcluntecrs,"
Journal of rhyoiolo7r, London, vol 121, no 2, An 53,.p 50, U
102. Vialard, Chaduc. ro=tic.= of 1:7�.-A AlkalolOs in Vitro, Ulivarsity
of Strasbourz, Alzace-Lorraiae, lihesis no 612, 1952-1953, U
103.. Mosqucral G.V. "Fluorescent, spectra of lycerzie acid and of the
alkaloids of crEot," Ales de la Peal Acadn:li:t de rar=cir,, Sit,
vol 15, no 2, 1949, p 261., U .
�
. 104. tut:coin�, 7.M. "Poichiatrio Srinenta1e. (Effperitental 'Psychiatry),"
Gazzotta Itnly, no 11, 1949, p 417, U
105. 1):: Giacomo, U.711.,e?tu. "Cott%tonic toxique oxperinentale. (rparInzntal
toxic catatony),'; Acta Eevrolc:!ico.� Italy, vol 6, no 1, 1951, p 5,U
�
711
� �
� � �
o,
�
��� �
10G. 1).7lay, J., Iller.itte, P., Y;..1..th!aux, 0. and V.erd:lu%, J. "ErAlifi-
cations de'l'clectro::ortir:!.=e du 1::n1n par la dlathylamidz de
1tacidc D-,lyazraicine (LCD-25). (rodifications of the clottr6:-
cortico,7,1= of the rabbit by ).yscrcic acid diethyla:Ad.e (LSD-25)),"
Revve Lzurolc-ir:ne, vol C6, 1952, p 81, U .
��,r, � ;)
107. Fisch:rr, R. ani AT:rew, N. "Coapetiti7c inhEbition of d:y:I-produced
c:Terizental p.iyor.csis,': Aract of P:nrs, AnF:rican Chentral
Soall1E, 12th cti, 6.* 54, p0-.c, U � �
. - . .
105. Sol, H. "Lyserssaure-ethyle=id (LAE); cin neues,. 'stark scdativ
wirkendes�Psychoticum auzde= (LyserGic Acid
ethyla:zide (LAE), a new psychotic, stronaly zedetive,-froas ergot),"
Schwviz. EF:d. Woch., vol 83, no 15, 1953, p 3561. U
'� � � �� ����
109. Ptunea, H.U. "Clinical reactions of schizophrenics to sodium
pervitin hydrochloride, r4escaline sulfate and D-lyserzic acid
dictbylanide (LSD-25)," The Journ?.1 cr 1:ervous and r:�ntal
1954, P 95: U
�,
110. Y.:Dyer-Cross, W., EcAdam, W. and Walher, � "Further observations
of the effects of iyaeraic acid diethylaaide," Abstracts of l!cA-1.d
Medicine, vol 15, no 4, Apr 54, U
.. 1. ����; : �. � - �� � ���;.� � � �
111.:::Sendison",* 1U:A., Spencer,- A.M.'aud Whitelaw, J.D.A. "The therapeutic
� Stvalue of lyzerale acid diettylarLide in =ntal illLass," T'ne
Jourral of r:.:ntal Sciunee,�London, vo1,1C01 no 419, Apr 54, p 491, U
.". � � . .
112. Amderaon, E.W. and Rawnslcy, K. "Clinicnl.studics of lyserrie
. acid dicthylaiee," 1:sobr. Psychiat. Yenrcl., :vol 123, 1954,..p 3,8,1.1
*J.:. ........., .. . .. . � .. .. . . . . .
113.. A:brar.ion,-H.A..-, Javrik; M.E., Kaufman, M.R . , Kortts;I:.y:1 47'
�LevIne, A. and Waaner, U. "Lyseraic acid diethylamide (LSD-25): � .1..-1
I. Physioloaical and. nerceptral responses," ain J�c4.1,..-nai of .....:.....:
rs:i-chClogy, -701 39, 1955, .p 3, IP: ' % -.-.' - �
.� -- � .1:z..:11
114. Simpson,.C.F. and West,.P....:-:"Eraot no/cc:nit-1s in cattle," Univsitv
%of norida A7ricu1tn77*:1 1!=erinznt Statics, Cf.-.-cular S-h3,-Za- 7-2, Un ..-..:.. � � -- -
115. Arnold, 0.E. and Eoff, H. 14intor:suchurzen uter die W-h-kunssvcise .
. � .. � .�� � - ..... .,�.���...����.
von'Iserataurzeliathylavid. (Invest/cation of the :-.2echanizzi.of
action of lyscr;ic acid diethyl=ide),"'Vica..2it. f. 4.-
,..
*P-1.�rity;141*�7iT.,:.� -vi:;-:.-01r;",�;::!_el;f4:2---.5.j"95-;!.-..-.....4.��:.7"."
'--
Nervenheilknnee td d:!ron G-e-,-:-c1-4e-10 "r`l '0 � '" � -) - .-:. . .� .,....
�
.Z01.
i�s1v7at:ITA7xo .0JIaesiU oomooLIZ)
,1 C. z.J.14 n so slx0
���"
����. � � ,��lt
". �
n. � ./.77.
ri!--.�� �
:����.11:�� :fa ;Cr.3
1)6. Mot':, D. and lv.iustl..U.W.L. "PoycholcT,ical invesli::.ations in
cxperi:=ntal psychoses; results. of ,Lhc
acid dietlkyle to 1,:ychilitric 7hc Jo7.1 of
Seir:ucc, 2nzland, vol 100, no 418, 1954, p 10, U
.117. Poch:), "Die U=nctzung von Lysarc,sacnre nit p-di=thyl=ino
:beoza1.d2hyd. (Reaction of lyzerzic.acid with p-diucthyla=ino
benzajdohydc)," Arch. Fharn., 1953, P 509, U
118. D2a1y, J.. Pichnt. P., L-Lion, D. and Perse, J. "Los modifications
�de-la ocrsonalite'uroduitas par la dietylanide de l'ociric .
1yscr55oue (LSD-25). (Personality chines ?reduced by lyserc;ic '
acid diethylamide)," Ann. d. Psychol., Paris, vol 112, no 21,
1954, p 1, U
119. redfcl, J. "gdtterhornzuechtung cut tetraoloidemnor:zen." (Erzot
cultivation u?on tetraploid rye), Arch. &r Pharnaziel col. 27,
�3�95h, P 3291 U
120. Yabinc, Howard D. "row Blocking Agent aFeinst the develooment of
LSD-25 psychosis," Science, vol 121, 1955, p 203, U
�
.�
. � �
-9B-
�
���
� � t � � �
I