TERRORISM REVIEW

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• Document Creation Date: June 24, 2015
• Document Release Date: August 1, 2011
• Case Number: F-2008-00992
• Publication Date: June 1, 1995

(b)(1)
(b)(3)
Director of Central Intelligence
APPROVED FOR RELEASE
DATE: 07-25-2011 ` . ~' _
Sec'~ret
DI TR 95-006
June 1995
Copy
 National Security Unauthorized Disclosure
Information Subject to Criminal Sanctions
Dissemination Control NOFORN (rrF) Not releasable to foreign nationals
Abbreviations PROPIN (Pa) Caution-proprietary information involved
ORCON (oc) Dissemination and extraction of information
controlled by originator
 Terrorism Review
Articles Libya: Reinvigorating Support for
Libyan leader Mu'ammer al-Qadhafi has been rebuilding Libya's
links to0during the last two years, negating the cosmetic
gestures he had made in the wake of LT1V sanctions in April 1992.
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 Highlight
The Terrorism Diary for July and August) 17
Chronology of International Terrorism' 19
Summary of Indigenous Terrorism-May 1995
This review is published monthly by the DCI Counterterrorist
Center. Comments and queries are welcome and may be directed to
the Executive Editor
Information available as of I S June 1995 was used in this Review
 Libya: Reinvigorating Support
for
Libyan leader Mu'ammar al-Qadhafi has begun
during the last two years to rebuild Libya's links to
negating the cosmetic gestures he had
made in the wake of UN sanctions in Apri11992.
Libya has increased its financial and logistic sup-
portfor Palestinian rejectionist and terrorist
groups, such as the PFLP-GC, and Qadhafi's intel-
ligence apparatus continues to target Libyan dissi-
dents, as evidenced by the December 1993
abduction of a prominent Libyan oppositionist in
Cairo. Nonetheless, Tripoli has refrained from
sponsoring anti-Western terrorist attacks since
sanctions were imposed to stave off harsher mea-
sures, such as a potentially regime-threatening UN
oil embargo. There is no evidence Libya is cur-
rently planning to attack Western targets, and
reporting suggests that Qadhafi would be unlikely
to do so unless he believed his current policy of
restraint was no longer furthering his objectives.
A Few Cosmetic Measures
Following the indictments of two Libyan intelligence
officers in November 1991. and the UN imposition of
sanctions for its downing of Pan Am 103 over Scotland
and a French airliner (UTA 772) in Africa, Libya
embarked on a campaign to reduce its terrorist profile to
avoid additional UN sanctions or a US military strike:'
? In December 1991, Qadhafi stated that the Abu
Nidal organization was not present in Tripoli.
? Also that month, Qadhafi named Yusif al-Dibri to
head the External Security Organization (ESO),
Libya's foreign intelligence service.
Dibri was" chosen because
he was "clean," and his primary task was to improve
Libya's image with the West.
? In June 1992, Qadhafi publicly promised to close the
Islamic Call Society and the World Anti-Imperial-
ism Center, Libyan-sponsored organizations that
the United States Government publicly identified
as being cover organizations for Libyan terrorist
activities.
? By Aug h d razed or partially dis-
mantled terrorist training camps,
Reinvigorating Terrorist Links
Over the past two years Qadhafi has reversed some of
these measures and failed to follow through with oth-
ers. Despite Qadhafi's assurances regarding Abu
Nidal, for example
I,Abu Nidal maintains his headquarters and
his residence in Tripoli.
September 1994, Qadha rep ace c can c ie
Debri with Musa Kusa, a Qadhafi loyalist and long-
timeintelligence officer who is wanted by French
authorities for questioning about his involvement in
the UTA 772 bombing. While less active than before,
the Islamic Call Society continues to support insur-
gent groups, and the Anti-Imperialism
remained open as of May 1995
Qadhafi also has resumed more active involvement in
terrorist-related activities. Qadhafi may have con-
cluded that he has little to fear from current UN sanc-
tions; the UN measures have had a minimal impact on
Libya's economy because they have not seriously
eroded oil revenues, which account for more than
95 percent of Libya's export earnings.
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 S~~ret
Trying To Sabotage the Peace Process. Since the
signing of the Gaza-Jericho accord in September
1993, Qadhafi has publicly condemned the peace
process and has stepped up support for groups that
violently oppose peace with Israel. This support,
however, is less than what Qadhafi provided to such
groups in the 1980s, when Libyan financial support
for terrorists worldwide was at its zenith:
Qadhafi
had resumed funding by 1994 for the Popular Front
for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command,
most of which Tripoli had cut in 1989, and had
become the PFLP-GC's rimar forei n financial
sponsor.
Libya has provided sporadic funding to the Palestin-
ian Islamic Jihad-Shigaqi faction since its leader,
Fathi Shigaqi, met with Qadhafi in December 1993,
In November 1994, Libya and the Palestinian
Islamic Jihad (PIJ) created an organization to carry
out intifada activities in the occupied territories,
Qadhafi pledged in a March 1995 meeting in Tripoli
to provide the Islamic Resistance Movement
(HAMAS) and PIJ militants with resources to wage
the intifada, according to public statements made by
HAMAS and PIJ leaders.
Qadhafi remains an inconsistent sponsor of these
groups, however, undermining his ability to influence
or direct their activities. Libya has often been criti-
cized in the past b terrorist rou s for bein an unre-
liable sponsor.
Targeting Dissidents. Libya's primary intelligence
focus, apart from opposing the peace process, remains
keeping tabs on, and occasionally assassinating, Lib-
yan dissidents;
? Libya's most recent direct act of international terror-
ism was its apparent abduction of Mansur Kikhiya, a
prominent dissident and US permanent resident, in
Cairo in December 1993.2
? Libyan intelligence officers continue to monitor Lib-
yan dissidents in a number of countries in Europe
and the Middle East.
Qadhafi's More Aggressive Stance Likely To
Continue
Because Libya's resumption of rhetorical and finan-
cial support for rejectionist groups has not resulted in
new international sanctions, Qadhafi is likely to fol-
low his past pattern of increasing his support until he
meets opposition. Violent opposition to Israel has
been a cornerstone of Qadhafi's foreign policy since
he came to power in 1969, and he will not forego this
policy easily. Antidissident operations remain a prior-
ity for Libyan intelligence, but we expect that the ESO
will be careful about selecting targets for assassination
to avoid possible Western retribution
Qadhafi has refrained from any attacks against the West
since sanctions were imposed to stave off more serious
international sanctions. Qadhafi likel would reconsider
his standdown on anti-Western~f he believed
that the United States or other Western countries
intended to implement actions that could threaten his
regime, such as the imposition of a UN oil embargo.
s According to the US Code~is premeditated, politi-
cally motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets
by subnational groups or clandestine ally intended to
influence an audience. "International is terrorism
involving citizens or the territory of more t an one country.n
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 Highlights
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 The Terrorism Diary for July and August
Below is a compendium of July and August dates of known or conceivable
significance to terrorists around the world. Our inclusion of a date or event should
not by itself be ed to suggest that we expect ar anticipate a commemorative
terrorist event.
1 July 1867 Canada. Dominion Day.
3 July 1988 Iran. USS Vincennes shot down Iran Air Flight 655 in Persian Gulf.
4 July 1776 United States. Independence Day.
4 July 1946 Philippines. Republic Day (date on which Philippines became an independent
republic).
5 July 1962 Algeria. Independence Day.
9 July 1929 Morocco. Birthday of King Hassan II.
YO July 1978 Mauritania. Armed Forces Day (commemorates military coup).
12 July 1690 Northern Ireland. Orangemen's Day (Protestants march to commemorate victory
in Battle of the Boyne).
I4 July 1958 Iraq. Republic Day (army coup d'etat that overthrew monarchy and established
republic).
IS July 1946 Brunei. Sultan's birthday.
17 July 1968 Iraq. Revolution Day (Ba'th Party coup).
20 July 1974 Cyprus. Turkish Cypriot Peace and Freedom Day (commemorates intervention by
Turkish forces).
23 July 1952 Egypt. National Day (commemorates military coup ousting King Farouk).
23 July 1970 Omau. Accession Day of Sultan Qaboos.
25 July 1957 Tunisia. Proclamation of republic.
26 July 1956 Egypt. Nationalization of Suez Canal.
28 July 1821 Peru. Independence Day.
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28 July 1989
31 July 1969
2 August 1990
6 August 1825
6 August 1966
Il August 1952
12 August 1689
13 August 1984
14 August 1947
IS August 1947
IS August 1964
I S August 1971
2D August 1953
31 August 1978
31 August 1980
Lebanon. Abduction by Israel of Hizballah cleric Shaykh Ubayd.
Spain, France. Founding of Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) on St. Ignatius'
Day (patron saint of Basques).
Iraq/Kuwait. Iraq invasion of Kuwait.
Bolivia. Independence Day.
United Arab Emirates. Accession Day of Shaikh Zayed bin Sultan al-Nayhan,
Emir of Abu Dhabi.
Jordan. Accession Day of King Hussein.
Northern Ireland. Protestant commemorative marches mark day apprentice boys
locked gates of Derry against James II's forces.
Morocco/Libya. Union established.
Pakistan. Independence Day.
India. Independence Day.
Colombia. The National Liberation Army (ELN), apro-Castro guerrilla move-
ment, begins armed struggle.
Bahrain. Independence Day.
Morocco. King's and People's Revolution.
Libya/Shia World. Lebanese Shia cleric Imam Musa Sadr disappears in Libya.
Poland. Solidarity trade union founded.
 Chronology of International Terrorism
The following incidents were considered by the Intelligence Community's Incident
Review Panel since publication of the previous issue of the Terrorism Review and
were determined by the Panel to constitute international terrorism. Such incidents
provide the basis for the State Department's Patterns of Global Terrorism, which
is published annuall as the US Government's official record of international
terroris~
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 Africa
29 April
Europe
7, 18 April
Somalia. A Ne businessman was killed near Chisimayu by Islamic
fundamentalist
Spain: A previously unknown group, the 21 August Organization for the Libera-
tion of the Usurped Moroccan Territories, claimed responsibility for two separate
vehicle bombings in Ceuta. The bombings reportedly were intended to force S am
to open a dialogue with Morocco over the issue of Spanish enclaves in Afric
9 April
17 April
Georgia: Assailants attacked the Tbilisi residence of the Russian special envoy
and the headquarters of Russian troops in the Transcaucasus. There were no
injuries. A group calling itself the Algeti Wolves claimed credit for the attack in
revenge for events in Chechn a and for the signing of the treaty on Russian mili-
tary bases in Georgia.
Sweden: Vandals smashed windows and threw paint bombs into the Turkish
Consulate in Malmo. No Group claimed responsibility, but the Kurdistan Workers'
Party (PKK) is suspected
21 April
Turkey: An attempted car bombing in front of the- Iranian Consulate General
in Istanbul killed atow-truck driver. The illegally parked vehicle was towed to
an open parking lot where the bomb detonated, killing the tow-truck driver and
damaging 18 other vehicles. No group has claimed responsibility
house in The Hague. Four men were arrested in connection with the attack
22 April Netherlands: Two Turkish citizens were shot by Kurdish extremists at a co ee-
 20 January Colombia: The National Liberation Army (ELN) bombed an oil pipeline linking
the Cano Limon oilfield in Arauca Department to the Caribbean port of Cove-
nas. Approximately 10.000 barrels of oil were lost, 4,000 barrels flowing into the
Magdalena Rive
Colombia: ELNguerillas attacked the Transandino pipeline. Approximately
12,000 barrels of crude oil were lost, all consumed in a fire associated with the rup-
ture of the pipeline
26 January Colombia: Seven ELN guerillas kidnapped three Vene uelan Corpoven eng-
neers and killed another engineer near La Victoria.
31 January-21 March
12 February
I S February
Colombia: ELN guerillas attacked various points on the Cano Limon-Covenas
pipeline seven times and inflicted minor damage, but no injuries were reported.
ELN attacks caused an oil spill at Esmeralda on 31 January and interrupted the
flow of oil in Saravena on 15 February. The attacks ruptured the pipeline in
Saravena on 28 February, in Teorama on 7 March, and near El Carmen on
21 March
Colombia: ELNguerillas attempted to place explosives on an oil pipeline.
Twelve kilos of dynamite and 200 meters of detonation cord were found in
Pelaya.
No injuries were reported
Colombia: In the municipality of Segovia, ELN guerillas dynamited a Colom-
bianpipeline at kilometer 111. The attack caused minor damage to the pipeline.
28 February Peru: An explosive device of approximately 500 grams of dynamite detonated on
the sidewalk across the street from the US Embassy in Lima~~
Embas~Cy in Lima. There was slight material damage to the plaza, but no injuries.
Peru: An explosive charge consisting of approximately 300 grams of dynamite
exploded next to a monument in a plaza across the street from the Argentine
Catatumbo River in Bogota. ELN is suspected
Colombia: Unidentified assailants attacked the Cano Limon-Covenas oil pipe-
line. Approximately 6,000 barrels of crude oil thr?~d to contaminate the
17 March Colombia: Guerrillas staged a bombing attack on the Cano Limon-Covenas oil
in neline. No injuries were reported. No group claimed responsibility for the attack.
21 Sec et
 13 April
19 April
28 April
24 February
Colombia: ELN guerrillas attacked the Cano Limon-Covenas oil pipeline in
Santa Marta. No injuries were reported.n
Colombia: Members of the ELN kidnapped two Italian oil workers rom their
car and killed their Colombian driver near Barrancabermeja~
Dominican woman
Colombia: Two Caamanista Revolutionary Unity (URC) guerrillas tossed two
improvised explosive devices into a Mormon chapel in Barahona, injuring one
Jordan: A French diplomat posted to the French Embassy was shot and
wounded by two assailants while he htseeing with his wife. No group
claimed responsibility for the attack
Algeria: A Palestinian student attending the Algerian Arab College was mur-
dered by an armed group who stormed the arPR~ he and his family lived,
The Armed Islamic Group (AIG) is suspected
Bahrain: A Pakistani man burned to death when a video store was set on fire.
No group claimed responsibility for the attack. Bahrain has been the scene of
unrest since December, when a is was arrested and expelled after calling
for the restoration of Parliament
suspected Hizballah members fired Katyusha rockets into western Galile
Israel: One Israeli civilian was killed and 20 other civilians were wounded when
 Summary of Indigenous Terrorism-May 1995
Japan
This description of incidents and situations is not meant to be a detailed account-
ing of all domestic terrorist incidentather to provide an overview of
The Khmer Rouge fired a series of artillery shells on 9 May in Poipet, one of which
hit a playground. Two children were killed and 15 others were injured.
A 600-year-old Muslim shrine in Charar Sharif, Kashmir, was destroyed on
11 May during a battle between Muslim separatists and Indian security troops. At
least 20 guerrillas, two soldiers, and four civilians were killed. The leader of the
Harkatul Ansar (HUA) told the press that the Hizbul Mujahideen planned to burn
Two men placed two plastic bags of chemicals in a restroom in the Shinjuku Train
and Subway Station, one of Tokyo's most congested stations, on 9 May. The men
set a bag of sodium cyanide on fire next to a bag of sulfuric acid, in an effort to pro-
duce cyanide gas. Railway officials extinguished the flames before any gas was
released. Police suspect that the Aum Shinrikyo religious cult, which was impli-
cated in the March sarin gas attack in the Tokyo subway, may be responsible.
radical leftist group Kakuroyko has claimed responsibility
An explosive device in a restroom discharged steel ball bearings at Tokyo's Narita
International Airport on 13 May, causing minor damage but no injuries. A similar
bomb was successfully removed from another restroom b loded. The
err ~~~
A parcel bomb was delivered to the office of the Governor of Tokyo on 16 May.
The bomb exploded as a senior aide opened the parcel, blowing off all of the fin-
gers on his left hand and slightly injuring another worker; the Governor was not in
the office at the time. Police are investigating the incident as a terrorist attempt to
Sri Lanka Gunmen of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) attacked an army patrol
on 7 May, killing six soldiers and four civilians
25 Sec
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 Europe
Turkey
On 10 May the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) attacked the Puliyanku-
lam police post, killing 15 police officials and the wif of police officer. Six con-
stables were also wounded in the pre-dawn assault
Approximately 20 Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) supporters firebombed several
businesses in Istanbul on 4 May. Three women who were trapped in a clothing
store were killed and two others were injured.)
Unidentified assailants shot and killed seven persons and wounded two others in an
arcade shop in Nusaybin on 15 May. The PKK may be responsible.~~
A rug store in Incirlik Village was damaged by gunfire on 16 May. No one was
injured, but the store front was damaged. The PKK may be responsible
In Degirmen Village, assailan
The PKK may be responsible
a man and his son in their home on 17 May.
Also on 17 May, a landmine killed the driver of a tractor and wounded a passenger
~
near Mardin. The PKK may be responsible
A car bomb detonated in front of the building housing the offices of three Turkish
political parties in Istanbul on 24 Ma .The Turkish press claims authorities have
evidence that the PKK is responsible
On 8 May in northern Cauca Department the 19th of April Movement (M-1) kid-
napped three reporters, three local government officials, and a driver, forcing them
to attend a news conference. The seven were released unharmed with a warning to
local sugarcane growers to invest more money in fighting poverty~~
The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) bombed a communication
tower in Cundinamarca on 23 May. Before the bombing, armed guerrillas entered
the town firing weapons and destroyed the local police station, injurin one police-
man. Seven persons reportedly were taken hostage for a few hours.
On 8 May alleged members of Sendero Luminoso (SL) ambushed a vehicle that
was transporting the mayor of Yanacancha and his wife, injuring the driv
 Algeria On 17 May a car bomb exploded near an Algier tation, injuring
13 bystanders. Islamic extremists are suspected.
ES.YP~
Suspected members of al-Gama'at al-Islamiyya (IG) killed a policeman and three
civilians on 12 May in the village of Itqa, in A11VI' Province. Another police-
home at the time of the attack. No one claimed responsibility
On 7 May arsonists set fire to the Toronto residence of a well-known Neo-Nazi
propagandist. The residence was destroyed, but the intended victim was not at