MKULTRA SUBPROJECT 90 (19 DOCUMENTS WITH PUBDATES FROM 581014 TO 601118 )

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
00017493
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
U
Document Page Count: 
36
Document Creation Date: 
September 25, 2024
Document Release Date: 
September 8, 1976
Sequence Number: 
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
October 14, 1958
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Body: 
70 CT=M, LW? %MT:A Ettirav3i-et 7Z9 A.,,..:faxitt :7Itta af artrxi41 Perlad RT=1. Allotv.oat - t, S-tie? 24-7 czai. Nric-1 Ttcle =eiatIffid A.11,4allut Amvar4', a C To Datz ATcurt -Ye / Nov - 1960 Accounting of Total amount received: Disbursements: Fsllowhip, 10 mos. Nov. 1, 1958/Avg. 31,_1959: $6,500.00 Secretarial and clerical 1,455.99 Travel Expenses 313.32 Nis�. office supplies and research materials 500.3? Telephone toll calls 15.35 Service charges - bank 18.31 Total disburs meats to date $8,803.36 Balance held on hand for future expenses $9,500.00 8,803.36 $ 696.6U This is a true statement of expenses as reported to us. I bave examined al'.ft alnreved the sunittt, expenditu:es. TE.31,2:11.1 September 19, 1960 It has been one year since the final payment of your grant in the amount of $9,0.00. At that time, you had agreed to provide a final report. Subsequent to that time, I verbally authorized two delays in the submissien of the report, the lost of which was to be May 15 of this year. To date we have received no report. As is required of non-profit funding institutiorts tote, I formally request both an accounting of the funds received end the report agreed upon in our initial arrangements for the grent. I feel that it is fitting for me to emphasize that your delinquency in reporting _ may be detrimental in that the Board of Directors and the scientific advisers of the Society have been informed of your schedule for reporting in previous meetings and must, of course, be given a progress report at our next meeting scheduled for early November. I would urge you to consider the consequences of further delay. Sincerely yours, Executive Secretary AM:et� September 1, 1959 EncloSedhplease_find-the ok in the -amount of $207.5.00 which:represents-the fin -psyme. ant given to you for -the stu47 of :science in the incerely, Enolosure Prarch 2, 1959 2nc1osela please find the Mock in theaount of -- $2375.00 which represents the sec� quarterly piat grant given to you for t1 study of scince in the Sincerely, ExeoatiVO berety Enc. r- 17, Door Attached is our check in four payments of a grant frorn-th. for the completion of your :114 of It is acknowledged that $3,000.00 of the total grant of $9,500.00 is desianateci as compensation for stenographic and clerical assistance. Th Board has recommended that additional funds in the amount of $2,500.00 or travel and coacensotion of consultants be mode available upon your request at a later data after your � for research has been further defined, these funds to be administered by th toff under terms designeted b the Executive Secretary. The only condition tixstoppliei in the utilization of this grant is that any technical reports or papers which grow out of the study supported under this grant shall c h Col lo . � u ted in part by a grant from the kS The Board of Directors joins me in congratulating you upon receipt of this grant. We are pleased to be able to facilitate work of an important nature to be accomplished by young Americans of great potential. Sincerely yours, M 10 December 1953 MEMORANDUM FOR: CHIEF, FINANCE DIVISION VIA SUBJECT TSSiBudget Officer : MKULTBA, Subproject No. 10, Invoice fl Allotment 9-2502-75-902 I. Invoice fl covering the above subproject is attached. Pay- ment should be made as follows: � Z. Please forward the check to Chief, T$$/Chemical through TSS/Budget Officer by Wednesday. 17 December 1958 ivision 2. This is a noa invoice. However, since it is anticipated that additional funds_wilLbe obligated for this project, the files should not be closed. Attachments: Invoice St C.rtiflcationa Distribution: �rig & 2;...,,Addressee TSS/FASB TSS/Chennical Division CE:17;71 T pra,i1:.: 15 November 195 EMJORANDUM FOR; COMPTROLLER ATTENTION Finance Division SUBJECT : 141:1.1LTItA1 Subproject No. 90 Under the authority-granted in (ho memorandum dated 13 April 1953 from the DC1 to tha DD/A. and the extension of thls authority la subsequent memoranda, Subproject 90 has_besa approved and $1, 000.00 of the over-all MKULTHA project funds has been obU Mad to cover the subproject'. expenses.� This obligation of funds should be charged to Allotment 9-250Z-75-902. approved for Obttgatton of Fundss *search D1rctor Data: Distribution: Orig It a - Address*e LA"../:TSS /FA,SB Chief TSS/Chemical Division I 7" � - '� 7 !:A':!-F�47.714 14: 4.745/ 1, � RECEIPT I hereby acknowledge receipt of the following: Treasurer's Check No. Dee ber 18, 1958, drawn on payable to the the amount of 12 00 Date: MEMORANDUM FOR: CHIEF. FINANCE DIVISION - VIA : TSS/Budget Officer SUBJECT NIKULTRA,-Subproject No. 90. I4voice #1 Allotment 9-Z50245-90Z- 1. Invoice #1 covering the above subproject is attached. Pa meat should be made as follows: Z. Please forward the check to Chief. TSS/Chemical Division throb TSS/Budget Officer by WCdnasday. 17 December 1958 ( 2. Tilde I* a final invoice. Howecer, since it is anticipated that additional funds will to obligated for this project, the files should not be closed. AttacWnents: Invoice la Cent Distribution: Orig & Z. Addr se 1 TSS/FASB TSS/CD TSS/ T � /Chemical Division (10 Dec 1958) For Services $ 2.000.00 mw...a.w. CeRTIFICATIONS (I) it is hereby certified that this Is Invoice -II applying to Subproject 90 of 1.1KULTRA, that perforrrxance is satisfactory that services are being accomplished in accordance with mutual agreements that a detailed agenda of the payments and receipts ia filed in TSSICD. that this bill is just and correct and that payment thereof has not yet been made. Acting Chief�-TSS/ hemical Division Date: (Z) It Is hereby certified that this invoice applies to Subproject 90 under IgKULTRA which was duly approved and that the project is being carried out in accordance with the memorandum dated 13 April 1953 from the DCI to the DD/A, and the extension of this authority in subsequent memoranda. Date: Research Director 7of MEM RANDUM : COMPtROLLER LAAJIC11 Division ItRULTRA. Subproject No. 90 ATIENIIION SUDJECI 13 November 19S Uader the authority granted in the 'memorandum dated 13 Apzfl1953 from the DCI to the DDiA, and the extension of ity in subsequent ramoranda, Subproject 90 has been approval and $12.000.00 of the over-all MKULTRA project fund* has been obit ated to cover the subproject's expenses.- This obligation a funds should be charged to Allotment 9-2503-75-902. TS8iChem1cat Division Approved for ObUgstLo of Funds: Boarch Director Date: DLitt ibotion: Orig h Z Addressee 1 - TSS/OC 1,4 TSS/FASB - TSS/CD N/A 49atisiscetoity - / MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD SUBJECT : MKULTRA, Subproject 99 9 1. The title of this project is "A Study of the Scientist in the purposes of this project are (a) to produce a descriptive model of cientists who are likely to come into P3 contact with Americans, and (b) to specify methods and strategies for evaluating and influencing such scientists. The project is under- taken in response to requirements for research support from Chief, attached) and from the Deputy Chief, ing materials. Staff for currently aesociatedwit has submitted to th a proposal (attached) for research which will satisfy these requirements. 3. A grant from th will be Made to Mr the grant will be th s an independent investigator. Cover for interest in the psychological, sociological, cultural, and political determinants of individuals occupying critical roles within various societies. tier. unding and s�pervlalonof this project will be handled by in the regular man. Accounting for the funds expended will be according to the pro- cedures previously establisbed for the 'elative to grants to unwitting agents. Any unused fiida remaining at the conclusion of the project will_be_returned to the Agency. It is not anticipated that any permanent equipment will be acquired durin-g the project. Travel funds will be accounted for in a manner consistent with the established practice of the 5. The total cost of this project for a per,iod of one year corn- mencing 1 November 1958 will be $12, 000.00. charges should be made against Allotment 9-2,50,75;90t. Approved for Obligation of Funds: Date: ra 11 re TSS/Chernical Division Attachment: Research proposal & Memo from Distribution: Original Only Estimated Cost for one year: Principal investigator's salary Secretary and clerical Consultants Travel $ 6,500. 3,000. 2,000. SOO. T�taliiTii 1Z, 000. i,LNiENN COPP ENT IA - ONLY LITNG-:,AND..fRicORD, SHiter or Rps 19 COMMENTS (Number ouch comment N *show -from whom to whom,' Drcrx o line ocroOs cuhiwin 'rot loch corr , � ? COFIDENTIAL INTERNAL USE ONLY � UN-CLASSIFIED � MEMORANDUM F ATT IoN SUBJECT SR/6-58-541 17 September 1958 � Chief Chemical Division, TSS Requirement for-Research Support /0' 1. in Accordance with-ourseveral-oral-diseilssionsi herewith requests that your office.undertake-the following researc projects. It is immaterial whether these are undertaken solely Within the Agen- _ cy or appropriately cleared consultant sources are utilized. 1 2. a. Given a model or prototype.citizen, in accord- ance with certain specifications, it is esired that guidance be provided as regards the mos,.. effective way or days in which re- pressed and rationalized anti-regime motivations may be aroused or, more properly, re-activated. The "specifications" of this model or prototype are: , (1) Age ----35=t0-4-years. (2) sex -- nale. (3) Family ---children, possibly in university. (4) Profession -- scientist. (5) Status ---a-professional_!comer." (6) Political and � al Beliefs -- while in youth an idealist, perhaps idealist, who became criti- cally disillusioned and ed in early twenties. Sought escape and release in ptofession. AS result of family respon- sibilities and increasing professional prestige and status, has repressed and rationalized his doubts and opposition sen- timents. Now prefers to avoid any type of political involve- ment or perhaps even discussion, due to operation of his internal "security or anxiety system. � -2-. b. Given, on the other hand, a model of a a member of the 6o-called "inner emigration, the criteria of the "alienated" person (as developed what criteri3 can be developed for spotting and assessina such persons, a-s-potential agent recruits, and how should their develop- ment be conducted. 3. The purpose of the above projects will be to sharpen our sights and methods as l ls the-spotting,-development and recruitment of selected types o citizens. It is necessary to provide sharper ily guidance, and a more sophisticated�awareness of certain key ' eria, for personnel engaged in recruitment operations.against the 4. It is recognized that you may desire to develop these require- ments orally and at length. We will be-glad to participate in further discussions and guidance on these requests and provide such assistance as may be necessary. SUPPLEMENTARY NENORANDUM He: A (A i. Conve on of October 23) o e tio I. Relationship of-th proposed study. The proposed project is a new conception, and not ly was not contemplated but also was not-possible within the October-27 195 nterview project to_tho limits of the roject. In the course of that study much .43 important material Itas c011ected-which-could not be msed _ directly in carrying-out the mandate of the Foundation, and which could not yield its value if- it were'to be used in isolation. In combination withtotheriresOUrceni, however, the otherwise Ord-to-systematizo insights gleaned from the interviews can mapport-an-illuminating analysis and dvscriptiono A portrayal of-the-scientist i society, using a role-mode/ analytic scheme and a broad ecolegi:al orientation, goes far bej.ond the purils; the inter VieW3 alone could not forA a sufficient basis for such a portrayal, though they contain data indispensable to the investigation. Pais 2. Th project was conceived as_sa study in, internatto I communication" which would have a "service function* for the scientific cozzu.-5ity. (Latter :ro- The main objectives were 1) "to yetematize the information and impressiOns which ...American (and cientists bring -back-with then both about cientific achieVement and about the social ad political environment in which gla 03 this possible, " and 2) to disseminateiinformation on th�v experiences of 4.0.1eAtific-travelersemong-the wider scientific community in this_country." (letter from kSubsidiary objectives were to "forma fuller-eSt te of the position of the SCIMACP..3 in the and to gather material (both from wad 'about our panel)which_would_be_holpful in maximizing the values from.the_etchange7and-iransiation-Prograx9e- Thus the report to the ill begin by describinuomr_ 'interview group in detail and analyzing their,evaluation of the level of work i scIence, distinguishing among various specialties and tiaos of visits. Then it will report on observations concerning the institutional structure of research And developzent facilities and-it will conclude with a consideration of the communications aspects of-the visits, with emphasis on implications for future exchanges of scientista and translationS of scientific information. II. The totvio The material collected necessarily extends beyond this report, however.Our interview procedure was-to begin byexplainIng page 3. our interests and asking the informant to coMment on whatever in the general areas seemed most significant to him. Then it Was found-,possible, by prebing with tautioni-to touch on all our areas-of-interest without tending_to limit-the respondent to -routine categories or steretyped replies. In thia way we obtained _ not only a large body of internally-reliable data amenable to internal comparisons, bvt a wealth of relatiVelyidiosyncratio insights, anecdotes, and comments-which were highly suggestive and wide-ranging. The following liStLof questions is suggastive-byt not exhaustive of the topics we coyered consistently.. (It is copied from the "denolusion" section eta :icing early MOMOCA dgm in which I listed in some detail questions we hoped to learn mere about) 1. What about y interesting! visit struck ouas moat noteworthy or 2. What is your evaluation of the level ef work :I science, In your fields -- a, What were your opportunities to bserve? 1. Your itinerary? 2. Yoer specialities? - b. Comparison with the U.S.! 1._Comparison-with_othar tounttiesknewn to you 3. How would you account for the present level of science What factora (social or other) affect-acience, g ral? In this instance? 4. A w potato do you think it sakes a difference to the scientist that his society I. what it is? �are tfio. salient aspects of �'eciety? b. Comparloons with American aituat _nd with that in other kinds of societies? - S. What factors do you research problems li ally determine the choice of science? page 4. (Role of addinistration; basic-vs. appliedytheory and experiments;- informal or de facto table Otorganizaii041 organization of labs in terms of authority, etc.; channels publication7i-7-7.eIci-Ye--- � . _What kinds or people-are_most productive in science? Why? (Socio-economic recruit-dent; .training; v irewith regpept to regime and-ideology, factors_making for product- 'iVity-in science.) 7. What were your conversations -with Scientists like?_ How Were your.conversationsdifferen tan they might have been if these sciontints had been their counterparts in another country? (U.S., neutralist?) 8. What kind of idfomation_do_you wish you bad had boforo y)u went or did you find nest valuable to have had? 9. Since eturn, with what sorts of people have you talked Wet: science? What were they interested in? What did they. ss nquiring abont?_!,Were any of your statements subjected to diatertioni-e.g.4-in:the press? t!hy do you think this happenekt?_(SyStematic fectorSvsuch as popular fallacy or stereotype?) - 10. What recommendations have you concerning future exchanges? Who should be sent? How can the value of such exchanges be maximized? Risk minimized? 11. What do you think should be doncTaboute-the problems of exchange of.scientifiO information? (Science and-values: freedom of communleationvsecurity-aystemersocial consequences of sciencevresponsibility-of scientists for policy; science and economics, and welfare, and nationalistn,:and war and peace?) In addition to these topics we collected personal data on each respondent, including such things as his command of language and his travel experiences, an well as the kind of biographical information -ordinarily supplied from Who's Who and AmeriFan Men of Science. Wo also summarized all his published statements en relevant topics, using the NY Times Index and the Readers Guide to Periodicals in addition to our general collection of articles, diaries, and unpublished reports, which I mentioned in my earlier note. page 5. This collection of material can be utilized as a con- tributory resource for a number of inquiries which range beyond the laxediate purpose for which they were collected, Thus there are teltative plans at the Center to re-examine this material in connoction with studies of the attituden of American scientists on crucial problems of contemporary policy, and as a part of a minute examination of strengths in research and development it is planned to cull from the interviews specific references to personnel and installations which may serve as an adjunct to the 'hare information gathered fro other sources. In sumoary, the proposed project would subject the data to re-analysis in teras of a specific queStion which would be difficult to answer without thisk unique kind of data from direct and expert-observation, but which would be equally difficult to deal with-from these data alone. It takes advanfage of exist14 files while gathering new material intci. a quite different mode of analysis. III. Relaaenship of et proposed study -to the The second question you ratsee was whether the advane tages of carrying �ler the project within the Center would be worth the additional expense, T believe the larger invest- ment would he well justified, especially because of the unique opportunities for sharing of material and cross- in social cange of coercive persmsion Page , -fertilization of ideas which elcist here. In particular, -theConter menbers with whom would work most closely are engaged in tke following studies: a series of cross- natiOnal.comparisons of elite groups_ the inter-relations of science and cmprehensive and dstailed.assessment o and develogent efforts Oudies in research Alsv a sociological sty (/ waessional education, particulsrily-as a factorf. and a study of the process In cotats ies the=rer to be efillated with a very veil-known � institution such - 7euld faCilitate obtaining fisr azr interviews on st.ith ntially dolicate subject sand with certain hard-to-get-hold.q,of-resPondents. There are sany other ways,of course, in which a,research organization,is helpful, -.Valuable s il would bp for this project to be a pct of the Center ls prograc, it is not indispensable to a worthwhile rz.snita I naj use my -data in any case and. gt!11,., personal reltionshisfflth the people here would k&r: ne in touch win th2ir w6rk� Fitt I do b lieve that, if circuTstances it.wenld be advisable (though nt7-1 absolutely Flec,esnr) � ont tho study in the n2:zur proposed, MEMORANDUM FOR: THE RECORD SUBJECT 18 November 1958 : A Study of the Scientist in th 1. The attached ro..aalorii ct thro the ortin:his whic organ:ea onte �ves ga presently associate.. subsequent conferences the investi ator agreed that many of the advantages of association wit ould be obtained without the formal arrangement and excessive over, cad pay. meats. The grant is therefore made to Mr. as an independent investigator. The revised Estimate of Costs or one year therefore is: Investigator's salary $6,500. Secretary and Clerical Assistance , 3,000. Consultants 2,000. Travel SOO.. Total $12, 2. Payments to the investigator for salary and secretarial. clerical expenses will be made quarterly. The anal installment pay- able upon delivery of an acceptable final report. Travel and commit- meats for paid consultations mutat be authorized by the advance of obligations. 3. Supervision for administrative purposes will be provided by the Executive Secretary o t Technical supervisi� . will be ultant to th . and taff, who � as a anged 62) provided directly b indirectly by Dr plausible cover arrangements with IA 4. The principal investigator is not witting of Agency interest, but with an eye to future potential utilization of this individual a covert clearance has been requested. Distribution: Orig lc 2 - TSS/CD on 18 November 1958 MEMORANDUM TOR: -THE RECORD SUBJECT A Study of the Scientist in th ed ro I t. twee ga r w a OA pr . assoc a . In subsequent conference* the inve ator agreed that marAy of the advantages of association with could be A obtained without the formal arrangement and c salve overhead Par* e--1 mints. The grant is therefore made to Mr � an independent investigator. The revised Estimate of Costs for ode year therefore is: Investigator's salary Secretary and Clerical Assistance Consultarits Travel $6,500. 3,000. 2,000. 500. Total $12 000. 2. Payments to the investigator for salary and secretarial- clerical expenses will be made quarterly. The final installment pay- able upon delivery of an acceptable final report. Travel and commit- meats for paid consultations must be authorized by th advance of obligations. 3. Supervision for 4ni1n1str tiva purposes will be provided by S the Executive Secretary echnical supervision will be , provided directly Dr ltent to th and c- Indirectly by D tiff, who has arranged plausible cover arrangements with Dr 4, The principal investigator is no, witting of Agency interest, but 'th an eye to future potential utilization of this individual a covert clearance has been requested. Distribution: Orig & 2 - TSS/CD 14,4Pg Study of th a Zoientist in the I. rut ose of tha Study Huth tantion has boen given to ntists by ,Western Obeemrs PMARANDIN espacially to th o mann succeefiles in dvmattling their fircuing capacities for workin,1 at -a very high leval of prficivricy. Oarsip _ elfor'ta have gone tomrde destribirq the leVal of atttaimant in various fields of caince, the details-of the educational syston frilA which 'oientisto art dram; end the. f rmal-ntruoturo of th and th related rescarch-inetituca-arAi-universitita through uhich scientific :work is edmintatered. Most ofthe dinewsion haa bTnn concond with wralue.tinz their tcchsacal capacity aed sepacir utth az:seesing its atontmic, mi,lt . and political implications. Yet olir understanding of the functioning of th intellectual worker in -th n the context of thosa ideoldgical, politicali-economic� and oth r social forcea Ille�ch ere cl;euliar to the as wall 33 thceo characteristic of all indIntrialived sociat4es rains VSP:U3, For =nple, the pra'Yiouslyd.dt117 etteotad follmula� that selects languishes in an .-f-ixons.vatiiii Lin.t vIdt-A of inclatry, haa no been replaced by the equally truistic and over:Amp:Ant& slog, that science flo--ienas in an n7irembnt Ebioh r-;1=Tds it gcrlrous%yo -Each of thono 'Aorisme expreases cert of th a truth of course, but it remains to describe in detail the \. / ---- enaodea poqnTIgndun epipm otamT ca tm.17 c;,..ratac,p7.1: .7:no ecy..qw.E4t-T-- 6114Dvi.120M: St! tie= fT etz:,;:zsI tT, sriogC4 54 (zov �'rzt=Itt: tql� J:0 uT .LD6,.!.'evN;rz:=R !:.c7,catua CC--? uomncq etat-aTaozw va(iv=da za,) 000u uwu 6p10 ca.4 C ; t-;as paft fAforcuoT4 "pat:, 2-4 �aesull'uo 1-o exr4 uanxeL .SuIvutouI ecex.t;Tco tvIta r4:Ti 13-7P0I _ t,z1. p ptufa crrini A.aatx, FiaTcldc,,,z m c(l IL=4TA.111 vt:1- P. ,rol2,)z(q.cos czv, ur.- / ..--- . .eq...tv,a tre vo.T.,y ue)A pla? vica pz.pwEv..IT u 7.,:rAmTt- tqlAoeu tF...asdv,1 .7.os riunlinT;A:c;ab -c7pz-,:le gw;. clae4�1:3, ..J.,. p*I.ctv.11 01,g driva2 vu otnoln 2,,, -ale cd? ri. zo gT2T411,T-4. 11.1 f:. cq--,t n3 0.,pac,.osealoc3 pvt: A4q.4. Ingi 1447 p*A2tec,Vioo. tzFu ol. ,s!eTr.t.wao.1-Ain ;Kra seTa-ovaaqvi 1.Itila, ol !,,s4TAuT4I tv:�. eacTv.Ga *TJTAuvps iTs4 po,;TsTs. pw4 oca 00I rtz4 z,zva '':-:;ZUOTII.JSY..-4 P.:1X7.Pqi.wIXECVLI!ptr iq uss,".1 1,7J.,a3 oi*a22oIto qctn. TJA.T.% 4tvQa.i.p Is= ttl.t,aTur.5 wtqfi. elgove ell'aa,71uT TVUOTSSCPZil Z-30tP,1 pIavA enzi syzA v.gcti-.-ancleAuT T.TT fk1,107411=o pzx uo-ntsiauqR ccive.1 tx,z)a. v,4.eTtltusIts tzDda F,wp piriow tto. essuTIdTorp (olcmudez saow$T,N e,qq. mu raTzsl. -wazIez SZTileWd6 Avo maolqs wen.t..14 - 4174,-;? spa ;tojicciunwlelaII pa arq Io codgv Ire.42oToTiaA:oct pz-a 1-...T.tozoTze.;0u _ stft so 0=1.01.11 .1710 WAJ-W2 C. 4 2:4'42 SlitIlt ;0 euodand cram. ing a =car or hoar-14-hour logs of thair visit% in whAoh every encmstsr And obstrvation vms noted. This ratarial cin saris as a rich sourls dcas ths study a t. ientiat. The prcipczai 1,2dy wonld daTelop this topiil ranh nora ixttAmizo7y than P.-,-6, 4 to t. also conserrnd w:Ith othsr toptzat uth aa-the patter3 og c'e=xitoation of esiantieio inforn,wtiora ..znd by t'ca vis1t33 znd th:.3 i7J-Pitaticen fco planning a,r,o'no24,2a2d trxmlatim p7ograma, pxWzze,d ;Maid not be iiattzd to ;tat has rei,turzm: .at-zrit ctriont-1..; 1, a:5 th -7'11 cth,-r pot71:.11ana atuelyin ,�..ojectp t3,zient'iato SWh XM3 WCTIA !_ne::e5 an intenaIve exanination and ,...7.-v-lheh,31q of t;e3 3'I' 2i en th3 erfi stlt)11 al 1h 31paytholoa-ivtl zhaT:loter.rL3tiz ef th3.?..entaxo-z1:737 itiiotL 1-4ato7 of t'e� aoien,7a OQg .,:,,,,K.uaa le _...,., ficticrI Vaet offitill pTorzolzser.zatl en stlioma and :iia%vctie7z, ;mt4rf.Jai41-7. and A-' th eolry.tnt atatua of thz'ipaas of tha iaLtist ia ccnt ebli ataton!,4tz ths E.7:zilLtixta thmeol.vsa. eubltankia% zro-certien '*,ha a i17,bla c h