UWOO L7.61: eubproject At. . Date of Origipal rerlbd ',in,ve. R�c:-...-emete , - Allotrz-z�nt .k/ount or , ilattiorizaion Coverei To ,_____=,...._........ -At1ttO Cov:arei, --To - Przomt or _ Obitgatioa -...t.;) -4-"..,.. -...55,,,,... ,....2-...7 2.":2_�� e;')_-1 .7).-z 7,-,$2 6L 12/.11. 14,71---1'�6:;" ....,.. _.1k."11, 114 � �."--- 7 4- 3 ,4e-e 61 f /reI . /..?s----.4if-, � � iktither Ariic-9t 7-1-}� -;rs-JrCaLiYie) ; If � =-% -e :13,11 na,T, To study levels a Inotivaticaar�1�4 to *claim pens ty charaeteristite (1.1KULTRA 111). IiUate4runds_obligated 14W1961. (Second yearsupport for _ work expected to take three years.) . Co a grantee of theft. Cost!' 03;000.00 (Provloua year's budget was $14.000.00). Statue: Continuing 031 Schedule. / en Fitted In 5,ITTFo BY VOUCHER NO. (Finance use only) ACCOUNTING BY INDIVIDUAL . ?J L1& &ilb 31.11 � FOR ADVANCE . PERIOD OF ACCOUNTING I NOTE: Follow Instructions on Reverse FROM AUVISt 961 TO May 3.962 1 1 31 RECEIPTS DISBURSEMENTS I. CASH ON HAND BEGINNING OF PERIOD S3.VNUghr DATE DESCRIPTION AMOUNT 1 2 ECEIPT 1 DATE DESCRIPTION NUMBER 4.1I114 �. 11/1...i *011 1 1 1 , 4, � � I III TOTAL EXPENSESi772 I a 1 I , . BEFUNOFO HEREWITH i 0.�;�06H t 1 !eutex i MONEY onoeg , 11 1 S. CASH I 0 ! HANOI END OF PERI� I 1 TOTAL TO ACCOUNT FOR de -114: 1 d ] TOTAL ACCOUNTED FOR 1 1 s 7 .472.09 CERTIFY FUNDS ARE AVAILABLE 1 Al� OVEO T1 cos ify that theexpend'tUres listed herenn'entl OBLIGATION 1 REFERENCE NO. CHARGE ALLOTMENT A 1 1,,,, NO. '4) DAT SIGNA ORE F APPROV =Et I , OFFICER 1 tetraD In, Pettiest credit this onyletteChmentwern'incUrred:ferficial:'Peti, of�ii. confidential there for has not s ;.11trUe 1 , , , i 1, nature, ',,Ithet been received, end correct. , 1 1 neymelor, - , and that DATE 'II S I ATURE OF AUTHORIZING OFFICER I CERTIFIED : . FOR, PAYMENT OR CREDIT ; SIGNATURE OF PAYE .1 1 I I 1 'OAT 1 soGITu'Re OF,71,c(RTHIF II 1 91[ OFFICER I SPAC BELOW FOR 1EXCLUSIVE USE OF FINANCE DIVISION I pARED BY REVIEWED h BY I I vaucHgA NO. 7.112 l' OFSCNIPTION a ALLIOTHF ACCOUNTS 13.3 3i'39' .1, 40.42 .CODE A3 F " .... As A.G : PAY 1RER. I. O. ICODE 4 REF. 17cy -!No. . ,. - 54-57 GENERAL . ' 'ALLOT.-0111-COST ' . ACCT.'000. S8.07 -' 1 � O8.70' JOVE DATE 1 --r. OP.ITCT: "IA" 71.80 DESCRIPTION . AiNAMCE ACCOUNTS 13.27 28.3 I/A no. ...... P.W. .No.II ... )4,Lii....... 6 STATION lincREA. CODE ...I�. . : PABJECT,No. T CREDIT .+...:i...- Xj4!.. ..E..�..-1....^.4*,AtIF0/0. CA )..EDGER YR ACCT. 00.4 1 42.87 1CN. NO. ..1. . . . , .. . '1,F. 1 1 i 0 1 i il i i 1 1 1! 1 1 91111 I 1 I w w .,II II I I I I 1 0 0 T 1 ! III I I I I II I II I 1 , 1 ] 1 11 I 1 -0- 1 1 � . 1 111111 1 1 1 0 1 I , 1 11 I 1I 1 1 0 I I I 1 1 II I , 01 I I 1 .1 1 j� yoll?kx.p. FORM rypiz 8.8k ,c PL. : (1) Feb.- 4,-1963 June 1, 1960 through F;a�v-34-1962 Received Excended 1961 � -1962 Total Salaries 9,352.00__4,1193.60 �14145.60 - Wages 3 ,81.6Q 5,96440� 9,.5 .60 Maintenance 417.20 607.60 1,024.80 Totals 13610.80 11,365.00 24,974.00 Overhead 2 yeprs Total experdedtt Balance $ 27_,,36 0 .00 Thisis;--a--true stater' nt o acc.unting as translated froi as submit to the Fund. - ;ail 3 2. S,727 14,0o0. lia5re ir o.na 2- expc iturs s _ Date: TSS/ngr.nical i�rk I ) March 26,962 The enclosed is for ycyr file. We cannot expect_an_accounting until the en -o second grant year._Meanwhile, I Iking plans to renew this grant out of our current funds. - looking forward to chatting with you about Enclosure MEWSUREYENGF=M0i-TIVATION_L____ Grant- -frotalT During the past yearDone-experiment has_been_finished on the main part of the investigationi-namelyi the study of reminiscence as a measure of drive. Using over_6000ligh_driveand-lowfdrive-subjects4t was demon strated_that for the--lo w drive groups reminiscence scores on-the pursuit rotor remain at a relatively-low level irrespective of the length of Pre- rest practice whereas_for_the high drive group reminiscence scores increased ina�linear fashion asa-function=of the logarithm of the l�thI of the - rest practice period. Pro-rostpriads of two minutes, 3 minutes 6,8, 12 and 15 minutesi-have been usedso-fari-and-even-with the fifteen-minute _ period there is no sign of-any=approach to an asymptote. _These results are- - in line with prediction and-show_that reminiscence is indeed an excellent measure of drive. - _ - Results arecontrsry to- prediction as far-asHperformance_is concerned, however, there bin no perf0rmanceidifferenCes7at all betweenAhieh drive and the low drivegroups. Thitfinding-is quite-contrary-to what would have been expected on-any-psychological:theory, and accordingly during the second part-of-the--pastyear=thewhole#s-wdy was repeated: on another group of approximately7800-high_drive and low drive subjects. This - study differed fi�m the previous one-in-two.respects: furtherpre-rest-praotice periods were introduced,_ and the rest pause was lengthened from-six7minutes_ _ to ten minutes, to investigate the possibility that the dissipation of reactive inhibition during the rest pause might not have boon complete.- -- Analysis of these results is not yet finished,_but_there seems to be no doubt that the data strongly support the conclusions derived from the original - study. It was hypothesized-Ahattha_failure to-discover differences in performance between high and low drive -groups on the pursuit rotor was function of the task involved, and-severalother-tesks have-been employed dUri the past year. The most importent--of-these-are-(1)-eye-blink-conditioning; (2) self-paced multipeaion_time-determinations;-(5) easy and difficult - clerical-type crossing out-experiments-of numbers and: letters; (4)-learning of paired associates=on the-_memory drum. gome but-not-all-of-these _ experiments have been completedi-but-analysis-is-still in progress.--It is -- proposed to add to-these in_thecoming_year-further-tests, including (5) GSR conditioning; (6) measures-of:perceptual-thresholds; (7) suggestibility (body sway);'and_(8) mirror_drawing. Arrangements have 'been made for these -- tests to be giv 'hut-approval=isawaited-for-the continuation of the grant _ for a third year. It is further planned to Pursue certain-theoretical points_bycom- paring the performance of high drive and drive-groups on-the-pursuit , rotor under conditions of-spaced practice ;this is hoped to throw some light, on the puzzling problem on-the failure-of performance to differentiate the_ � two groups.- . There has been some delay in_delivery of-the-apparatus requested in last year's anticipated budget (electronic tape data recorder), and it h s_ been neoessdry to continue most of the time with borrowed ect.tipment. Pre- - liminary data suggest that a very detailed analysis of performance during a continuous tapping task makes posible meaeurement of drive and motivation along quite novel lines. In this work ,he measure to the nearest 1000/sec. the duration of each _tap-and also__the dIration of-the int rval-tetwe taps; when these data are_plotted_(particularly the intervals between taps) involuntary rest-pauses due to-inhibition stand out very clearly and their frequency and distribution--can be reIatedte degree of drive. It is hoped that in the-commg:_year7a7defintiyeTstudy aleng these lines can be completed. Below are given-the-publications so far_resUlt.:Ing from the study:- --- under this grantinLview1of7theiler6e-amount of-m,terial available-the writer has contracted-. ith-_th to publish the main results in book fo/im-undertheLtttle at the end of what is hoped to be the-third=yearofthi.egrant. For this_reason-much of_the material that could have been-published-has-not-in-fact appeared in article form. References 2. 3. Thtreent of motivation through the /2 / a-salary o VP- Anticipated Budget - In tha last year of _the research�the budget-sho ld provide-for-- , two Research Paychologi-ct3lat-a-sclary�of111111Fend one technician at making a total salary bill of To this should be added 10/0 institute overheads,iequal-tclirirmak4mg a total of' There are a further for secretarial assistance, fares, teat materials analysis of data and other components, br_nging the total up toallk This is slightly in_excess of-the amount anticipated originally but there have been negotiated increases for salaries, et cetera,-which could not _ have been foreseen RECEIPT Receipt is hereby a,cknowl dged. of the following: TreasuerLIChe 184-886 dated the e amount of Date ( RECEIPT Receipt is hereby acknowidged of the following: Treasurer's Check No. 267152 dated Jul 18 the in the amount o .14 � 'et 1 A (When Fill In) -- No. Cost Account -.1,41.l' Object Class Date Remarks and References Obligations Obligations Unliquidated � Incurred Lkuldated - Balance 24 1J9VL rapl.WW_ e#40910.1. 9 a t9u51 KEI,ORAIEXIM FOP. g TELM-CaVTROLLER ATTMICA ?i.tIe Division StWEL ; *MITA g 1Subprojcctux_ Addittalal AuthcirlWion #3 Under the -auttioritytedif-in-Atr47-t4.er'..4oralura,:dated 13 Apri1 -1953 -: frva tne f.1.11 ',..,1m-;.).D/Adithe__ext.ension_Lof_.thia..:si4t.hori-t7 aequz.n: trez.N1rarkie,p fl,x-b.proect-jue-..-_:-haa be approved.; 272.0 _ of the over-s.1.1 Project:14.1111S13,JV fund.s - he beelob-I-Lta ted t r th subproject 'a ,1160 I arid ebou34 b rged, to co t center 2145-1.p3�=3,_ ApPECVSZ CSLICAliai raIDS: Research .Crirvotor te7. 04 tr !Ant ton: Original & 2 Mitre - TS ZATSD CERTIFY PAT RINT:05 A!`i AVAILABLit cpucrait 2,, 1 PlAnt TO C 11 E �-ft _ AUTtIOPZ!INIG OFFICER (When P i CONFIDENTIAL FUNDS POSTING VOUCHER 'voucHER NO. 7.12 DATE 2.6 ' VOUCHER NO. 7-12 DESCRIPTION- ALL OTHER ACCOUNTS 13.33 34.39 STATION "OE � PROP. NO. 40.42 EXPEND CODE ' 43. 1*....." r :9 u I N 'I 0 S � PAY PER " LIO.. CODE 47.52 ORLIG. REF. NO, ,o.4,62wmpf,.. ' , p. NO. 53 CA YR 54.57 GENERAL LEDGER ACCT. NO. 50.67 ALLOT. OR COST ACCT. NO. D.70 71.60 OUE . DATE 1 AMOUNT DESCRIPTION. ADVANCE ACCOUNTS 13.27 .33 P.O. NO. Y;t1.1.C.T.11. 62.67 CK.NO. X REP. NO. OBJECT DE�IT CLASS , CREOIT V . . PA. ' m....4 e " Y .....: JZ "'''/,'WO''' '.*Fr 1 �' .., ! � i ! � 1 I ! . I ! � . i 1 I I ! ! . I I ! � .. 4 r I EXPLANATION OF ENTRY TOTA ' � * " I tl I r'' 1 1 , 1 f:. DATE P . .. 06 DATE ... REVIEWED 1 ,L I TIV. . �., 1 I VERTIFIED FOR PAYMENT CITE T ' DATE 1 SIGNATURE ,;1 OFCEIRTIFyIN OFFICE. , 11 i 10.59 Oyu. VSA FORENOONS IDITI,ON FORM ,A,, (74::: MEMO U _ CU.(' Mance Divlaien . VIA TSD/Budget .Offi car SUBJECT t X4KULTRA, Subproject 1 I, twelve No. AlletMeat Nov 2125439Q.3902 1. Invoice No._3_is_attathed covering tte above subproject. Payment should be made asiollowa: Oashierti check in the amount_ 7 bank, payable to th 2. The -check should be_forwarded to Chief.- TSD/Research Branch. t ougz TSD/Bud,get Officer, no later than 11 August 1961. 3. _ This is a final invoice. However,_since_it is anticipated that additional funds will be obligated for this project, the files should not be closed. Attachede- Invoice I* Certifications CHECKiPZIX:f.erl Distribution: Orig It 2 -'Addressee TSD/Research Branch S 11 Ail 961 MEM VIA StriinCT; JM1RICt44 rinanco Divielon ft$Diliodziet Miter ILICULT1W Subproject 111. c�o. Allotment_No,2115.139390Z 1. : Inv1c�N�.Ii3 la attached covering the *bora IRANI* yineet ehouldle mad at follow*: ria chock in the amount beak, payable to the Z.' no check should-ha iorwarded to CMOs_ TSD/Rerearch Branch, threugh-TSIVEkidget Officer. no later than 11-August 1961. 3. ; ie a final invOlce. However. since It Is antic' tad that additional tinideA0411 be _obligated for this project. the Mos should not bo rioted. t. TS D/ St es cart h Bran c _ Attached: Invoice lt_Certilltati* 2- INyoIcg For Services 0 ... .... .-..-89 � CERTIFICATIONS � (1) It is herdby-certified-Ahat_this_is_Invoice aPplytag_to subproject _ 1co0 111 of VEULTRA�_thatperformance_is satisfactory,_ that servited:drelbeind _ accUbifihed in accordantevith_mutual_agreements, that a detailed azendsof the payments and receipts_is_on_file_in_TSDIRB0 that thie bill_ialjust_and correct and that paymentthereof_has not_yet_been made. Chief i T-T-D7R=-3earc Brar-E-=� Date: � _ 1 I 1 (2) It is hereby certified_that_this:invoice_applies_to_SubProject - - - of NXULTRA which was-duly_approved, and-that the project lalbeingl-carried_out_ in accordance withithe7mociorandUm_of_13 April 1953 froth the DCI to the DO/A, and the extension of-this_authority_in subsequent memoranda.-=--:- Da : Research Director - - TO: ct�'..1.-,30/00 - This in subwpoject 111 -06ntihdition 0 - Purixie,a 0? Project Lstudiss ....ot.the-AnTutcmtlitsf _motivation. _ -ft 14E140RANDUM F THE RECORD SUBJECT Continuation of MAMA, Subproject Ill__ - I. The purpose of:Sbbprojeet 111 is to support. the_researeh program of Pro in his studies of the measurement q_motivation. This work has progressed-in a highly eatisfactory fashion fora period of one year. At lest-four research articles, etesiMing directly from the past year's grant :support have-been sUbMitted for publication_in_profesSiona journals. progress report is attached.: � is a highly competent investigator_whose recent work has beenIdireeted towari resolving some unusually:knottycprObleme .in - the field of humanimotivation. In addition, he is making a-highly promising start towards_relating important variables in the domains_of_learning and personality assessment to quantitative measures of motivation. UnqUestiOn-_ ably, his work--williLasihas in the past, stimulate. additional research in the field. 3. Althoag studies have no imMediate relevance for Agency needs, their results appear to be unusually promising for satisfying long-term requirements_in_asseasment of human motivation and personality 'measurement via indirect means. In addition, this 'grant will continue to lend prestige-to_the as a worldwide-fUhding-organization. 4. Funding=andkOnitoring of this projeet will be_handled:by_the Accounting-for fuhds expended shall adapt to procedures_established by th permanent equip ent_required I Orr ths project will beco e the property of the n lieu of higher overhead charges. 5. Theestimated cost of this project for an_ additional r:a.r_wil be $13,000.00. However, at-the present time the project will only be extended for a period_of approximately six months. The cost_of this project for this periodlI not exceed $5, 727.91. Charges should be made against Allotment 1125-1390,3902. It is anticipated that the remainder of the funds for the project year will be made _available from FY=162 - money when avail4ble. 6. No cleared orXvitting persons are concerned with the_conduct of this project. TSD/Research Branch APPROVE N OF FUNDS: Research Date: 1;11-114 110 APPROVED FOR ADDITIONAL OBLIGATION FUNDS: ($7272. 09 against Allotment 2125,1390-3902 Resear Date: Attachment: Progress Report Distribution:_ Orig only �TULIrd',.ASIJRnrENT OP The s ies of investigations carried out _during the past yerrnay be grouped in several�distinct-Lcategories.- The first of these - categories is concerned with_the follow- . - me to approach the a grant," namely, experimental confirffiatio f_the hypothesis-Ihat the original observation_which-eaused scence-scoresonithe:pursuit7rotor_were monotonically_related-te _ . � 'drive witbin-certainAdmita-.-- In the original study-prerestwor periods of three and eight minutes had been used, and it had been found that under these conditiOns_high_drive and low _drive groups wer significantly differentiated --The-data_and_the_theory,_taken_together, suggested that with a two-minute-pre-rest work period,_there would be no differentiation=between-lew and high drive groups. At the upper end it seemed likely_that a linear increas -in_reminiscence would occur as - pre-rest practice increased_from six to eight minutes, and accordingly in the first experim it carried out-under the grant, high and low driv groups were tested_with either two or stx-minutes_of prerest work on the pursuit rotor.--The_findings_bore- out the prediction no difference- being observed for the-two-minute-groupsrand-a-somewhat smaller difference for the six-minute-oroups-than-the=e ght-minute groups study is under_way_using still longer pr-rest- work periods in order to- discover the limit of-growth of reactive inhibition and drive. It will_bo emembered that the m thod for-indusing differences in drive used by us consists esSentially Of either having the test included in a battery of- selection tests for a much-coveted-industrial apprenticeship _(high drive)_or=elso_giving it -to already accepted apprentices under low motivating-instructions is same situation-- --- was used for studying=the efficacy_of_a_perceptual-test as a measure of motivation, using for=the purpose of measurement the length of the rotating spiral--after--effect (2,3). Two separate studies were carried out for this purpose,--and- in addition-to-drive we stldiedthe_direction- - of rotation and the massing=of_practice. = licithatudies agreed that under conditions of high-motivation,-length-of-after effect was reduced. in another stud.w-also making use of the=ssme_high-and-low drive - groups, serial nonsense syllable learning at two-levels of difficulty was investigated. It was found that7as predictedi-learning was more efficient under conditions of high drive than under conditions of low - drive, but contrary to expeetation,_no_int action effects were found with difficulty level (4). -Two preliminary studies. were carried out in the hope that tests of persistence and pain tolerance would be useful for the objective measurement-ofidrive. *In the first of these studies very high correlations were-found between tolerance for pain, using the thermo-stimulatorf-and personality (perticularly extraversion). This correlation indeed was so higb as to throw doubt on the usefulness of the test as a measure of drive Independent of personality (5). In _ a study of rsist ce-(dynnmometer pressing at c t ratio of maximum pressure)-this'relationship of _persistence and extr version,was - again found (6). _ Two etudiesA.ave_been_completed_hUthOtAfet_finally=analyz_d; 1._ these an effort-was made to induce drive-in-school children by either . praise or blame. The task used was-pursuit rotor-learn ng, -d_the -- score used was aLerformance_and b) reminiscence. Subjects were selected on the-basis of a, specially constructed questionnaire, in such a way that child high or_low_on extraversionintroversion and neuroticis werechosen-and assigned_to,the various cells of an analySis_ _ of varianc design�The xperiment=was:carried-out in one school and_ _ replicated in=another.-- it_was believed, that_the equivocal results of reports in the-literature-using-thismethod7ofmanipulatingAtive=were due to the use of perforManceas_anindexof,mOtivation7ratherLthan- - reminiscence. Below are lis e the-papers which have resulted from the wo ' done _ - - - $. HEPMVULM FOR: ISE CC:WM.14n .4711,71TION 716Aht0�DivisaiNi FMIXT MI1J7MAJ--61atproj.,T11 AddittOtalAuthOtitation 3 Zi 4 Under the teltho!qty-er4ateil.in.tho. _AdumUted 13 A ril 1953 e 1-1:: t LV/Ai-ewil the exten*lor. autrmrity se q:1 rremoraiu! $7,27a.0 of the over-r.11 Projt H,TITRA fwlds have bee-. otliolted to co,or aubproject's expen,c3iand_oLoul4 be ctzri;ed to cov,. center 212'5�13)0,3 ArpErra FO{ ci 1,137:114t a...st-mrca 'Arecto.-: .Intt IOW Distribtitioal Qriri.N, 2 - 1 -TS 12-75 Cost Account /AAA"- -421,1 ' -P ect Class_ Date Remarks and References Obligations --_ Obligations Unliquidated Incurred Liquidated Balarfc* ,C7SP.:4 I lisusli esfik=i� 91 e Date: 29JthQ 1961 - miimoa4!,bum iTtlR C AraNneili?1ne Division SUVA,T t.:`,1Ap.rojectlu ; Under -I* authozi t,y cianted riortindwp is !All. L3 .1pr, 1 1151 fr irt t,) -JDIA, arid the elstengIo'a tbIQ cr17 t� ;rte.-11%1r da, r-cc ec - E.` l a oonceived of as a kind of neurd fatigue which counteracts performance, acts_as a (negative) drive, and dissipates during rest./t grows up to the Pointwhere_it_equals in quantity the positive drive which is_responsible for_ths fact that the organism pertor_atisl1jI when this happens_performsnce stope_for a short time, and tn_involuntary_rest_period (I.R.P.) occursDuring this rest period innitition_dissipatesj until it is_sufficiently_below_the level of the positive drive_for_performance_to_bewin again; it_builds_up again_until another I.R.P;-is_produced, and so on ad 1nfinitum. If now a long rest_psuae_(10 min. or so) is.introduced into_this cycle, _ all or nearlY-all_of_the reactive inhibition_which has acoumulated will dissirate, and_performance_will be much_better after_the_rest_pauss_than had been before. This improvement is often referredto as "reminiscence." It will be-seen from the little_thit has_been said_that_undor favourable oiroumstances_this_reminiscenoe effect may be_used as a measure of-drive: Inhibition builds_up until_it equals drive; consequently there will be a sonotonic-relation_between inhibition and_driva. ,Raminiscancs is anAndex of the asount-of inhibitionJrhich_has been eccumuhted and_dissipated, and if there is a monotonic relation_between_inhibition and_drivel then reminiscence will also be an index of drive. This proposition can be tested by pootulat=.ng-that groups at a high end lom level of drive respectively should differ with respect to reminiscence, and sons rather inconclusive evidence - has 'been given on this point by Kimble (1950) azd la35erintifk (1951.) (Their 'researches, while of considerable interest, suffered from the rather small differences-in drive introduced by their experi:raintal procedures.) performed a rather more-stringent test of the hypothesis_ _ by postulating that not only should high and lcw-drive-groups differ with respect to reminisc'hcc, but also that this difference should be much _larger - after a long-period of practice than after _a short periool-It follows from the general teory that reminiscence will reach an asymptote when the point has been ns,:tedAvhere_inhibition z drive; this point should be reached earlier_for_the_low_drive group than for the high drive arol.11.- Consequently,If-rem'nisc-ence is measured at the paint where the low driVe group has reached-its_asymip_to_tl, the high drive group2vill-still be_st-a _ point well below_its_asymptote; consequently the difference in reminiscence betmeen the two groups would continue to grcw_until the-high dri-ve-group also had reached_lts_asymntote;_at this point-_the_differencein reminiscence should stabilize. (See Fig. I.) The ext-erimmt_p_srfolved ina,2e_use_at_the_pursuit-rotor_, because from previous work-we-had much:inforetation_on relevant_parameters Fre-rest performance contrasted 3_mint_and 8 Mille practice pertods, as after 2 min. or so the low-drive group was_predictedAo_have reached its asymptote;� the high-drive group_w&s_assumed to have approached Its asymptote after 6 min. or so. Drive was menipu1st-4 in the following way. _ 4e-tested engineering - aPorentices some of whom (high drive group) took the test as part of an entrtnce eztarinaticti, not knowing that the scores on this test w ;OA not in fact be counted -towards theif entronce exa-iination.� The other subjects (low ve - ested-att.nr , � 3 knew that theiri, rl'orLiance could-in n -ey -arf.ct th-4r ac ratinz.: Under -tc enttnce or iuture _wpa-no-diefer-.nce in ',he ram::niscenc's scores of the_l Ave-row 3 aCter short end long practice re 7.e ively (R = .54 ad5liesrectively.) There-As, however, a vensi differ-n-,e_for-the high drive groun_for=the two Conditions (R cnd 1.5 It will also be-not,Id-that-as--T,relict61 the 111,71h drive-group-scores-a ^-rditi *vs, the highcr on both-occasions, bUt=paiticularly_on-the latter.---Tha rositive outcome of the exneri-�ment, highly_significent for=e11-preciicted differnees, suggests stronly-that xounniscence_ma_l_lith-advantage-be investiatsd as _ LApantitative-measure of drive. - - It is_interesting_to_note_that the pr?_,rest_perforit 3--,,,f_the high- and 17w-drive groups wits very_similsr, with_a_slight 'advantage for tha high-drdve groo7. This:reinforces_the writer's bellef�thannder-ordinary o-)idition3 of learning perforgnnce is s poor-mes3Ura_Of drive; it also roints_up another dvantage_of -using ,n-f!rliniscnce-As a measure-of:dri-veil-to wit its independence of leve1-61*=Performence.- Thus diff,.rences in ability or habit strtngth become relaively_uninortant, affcting1 A 3 they do elually-tile--- pre-rest and the -,ost-rest performance eoares the difference between which determines reminis-,nce.- Research. The_research pro-nosed here-eonstitutes in essence an extension and W-,3 lificati on = o f- t h e research design described above. Diffrirez-icos in drive will te produCedAn _the manner outlined above, by reference-to real - life goels-ofiderable strength; it-is-obvioui from the literatute that drives of this strength cannot be prodir2ed in the - boratory. it is also planned tu work with smller drive differences, such as ,I,pn be produced by rewsrio ani punishbents (cigarettes and sweats; shocks.) _InIthis w- :the linear depesaince-of-ratiniscence_on drive_could:tc inVestigeted.:_ the .in rtaterch tool_will_continme_to be the pursuit-rotor, althoUgh - sot% work willielevti_done with_other_peroeptusl and notortesks (inverse alphabet printing; -spirtl after-effoot); this will serve to show that 1 conclusions ar.vof_general validity *A4 notdepandant on one particulLar type of apparatus, It will homever,_bc_neceosary_to construct_a new type of pursuit rotor-fer_this_verk in view_of_the demonstration by Bahrick4 Fitts and Prim (1957) that the typical on-off scores of pursuit-notor_perfornswe. eves viten integreted over tine, do not show a linear relation to learning. A oostinuoussooring pursuit-rotor has been designed_in_our work-shop, avvi several nopies_of_this would�te_huilt and used. (The_ essential feature_of this apparates lied _is th4 provision of several metal annuli arouni_the_central_ target dieThese srs_concontrio, and insulated from each other and_fros_the oestrel diso; contaot of the stylus with each annuluvprodotes_current inversely_ _ ortportiocallteithe:distance of the ring fromthediso. it is poseible_to integrate scores from_the_disc_slono,_or from discand rings.) NAperitental oonditions �voUld_enphosise (1) changes in length of pre-rest Weis and (2) changes in length of rest pauses. The-perameters_choten for 04 dmacnistration experiment quoted above are not likely to be_optinsl, and it would be ono-task of the erporitent_to_provida information on_this point. Tba thmeretical�arguwit regarding length of practice period has already t4,44 amntionsd-nbore; thal pv16tiog to length of reet-pause is atliTT 4tRrilat, r�cw,dATe groups; acck;mulated leas inhibition, would ditiipate sf444 rmArArit of 110'1W:4411 MiWeb ondokly than h1elt-drivm 0-enfOth be more- Savantageous_ for obtaining marked differences n mintecence scores between_ high_-_ and_low-drive_grou A Au-thereat of experiments is planned involving t1:1-e u.se of positive - feed-back designee In som_previous researc has used relatively short (11 to_21) practice periods separated by-5' rest - _ pauees-to investig_a_t_e_the point Ivhere_practice perieds are:A.541g enough_to _ produce 1.R.P.s.---This_poitrt--is_indexed by_the'appe-atiii-C-celef a phenomenon believed-CO-be due to the_extinction_of-conditioned inhibition, which_itself.,4 1 is prodCeecLby the reinforcement_given by_the I.R.P.s to the condition of 'snot working" or rstin�g;__- extinction of_conditioned 1itinri ehove itself by a prono-u-need_up-ewing in the ork curve after the----t-na�t 0-ras-e-ris-o=ter, end edditional_to the reminiscence effect.-A suitable-length of_work period _ can in theory-be chosen auch_thet groups drrnOt_yet roduce while_lcae-drive_groups_do; the the_former_would_not-produce - conditionesibition, while the_latter would. 'as-conditienea-inhibition is theoretically considered to be-a, hebit which dOes-net-diesipate-in time, it should be aaitive, frul thus the_lcar-drive group-eh-Odd become more and !tore differentlated_from the high drive_group. -Again the preelieitiple intervals involved would be the crucial point of the experiwnt, ex:ally in this way can we construct the bevinnings_of-!_j_oroper_quantitstive theory of drive. A third_set of experiment relates to e comparison of the prieent_method_-- of measuring-drive with alternative methods. In=narticular,- it Tould-s_am - thet perforaance-may be____ useful for the mer.:eurement of drive under two retherdifferent conditions. (a) When perfovinee-ii-SU precticed_thet-theri are no great habit strength, or ability, then differences in performance are_in_theory due entirely to differences in inhibition and drive 4 PerfOrMance_decrements__ uhdar these conditions would be indicative of strength of drivel-ifire are entitled te asaume_that randomly aelected'groupa do'not_differ in rate of locumulatien_cf_inh1bition. Creator drive strength'should-thui-neutrilise - - greater dagrdes�of inhibition, so that 1-drive Or0uPsishould shm_earliar and greater deoresent_u_The_tasks chosenlwould_be_of-the tyT4 known as evigilanoe, tasks nd the point of the expertient Would be to compare the_nmount_of:agreement to be observed between this and_the preceding measure-of-drive_under_identical_oonditionsi-and with subjeetei (b) It_WirellAinoca_that_high drive may have positive or negative effects on learning depending on certain characteristica_of the task For easy tasks, where the prevailing habits_arerouggy �onset already, high drive improves Perfonlishe41 far diffiod3/4 ones, where prevailing habits are not adapted to the task, high hive, by energising the incorrect habits-, Makes performance mere dittioult4=111-is_proposed to study pursuit roter-performance (1) under* normal condition* and (2) with the subject working undeiConditione_of reverted (airror) wieioni it is predicted that in the first instance Mill drive would faeilitate_performance, while in the second instance it would depress performance. Peaults_of this_experiment_alsowoald be compered with the outccee_of_the other two_measurea_a_drive outlined above. It has been_aneaaential_feature_of the writer's work in the field of reminiacence that there are_considerable_individual_difference due to differentiadrats_of build-up of inhibition, and differential rata of ,In lqarticular, it h1 been shovn extraverts b-0314 uip inhibition M331 thia_shoes itself bY-their.grtater reminiscance scores ''hen tested undlr-identica1---- conditi6na-w1th introverts.__Tt_ia elearlylneoessfry_to=control-this__ personality variable, fid it�plenned_to davota_sPecial-Stud)%.to _the_interact ion of the drive_esrlable_and_ths_templrrement_veriable, Apalt_tusLigil__,eltilzeiante--�The reaaarch.would,reVire thrwriaw,built-L_ pursuit rotori_of_the_deeigti.dsscribed_above..___Itwould7a1So-require a high-apesd-recorder,-eith total_coatiof the-e'iPinant_would o which should_be added - - for use of electronic computer _for analysis Of:data, for_purohtse of_cigarattes_to-be offered as_incentivaa, and --- ________ mioollaneouLexpenasa. PersoccaLL__Teo gradasta_peytholo giOS would_be required to carry_ out and organise the wort on_thia_projeot. In addition, me full-time_techniciam _ Would be required to mate_and maintain_the apparatus, carry_out modifications, and transport and sat up_the apparatus in different industrial organizations, Tha salary for the_two-pgyohologtats, inclusive of insurenCe and 101 overhead - charge of thelbstitutosfor_adminiatration,would_te- the technician would be saoh; that ot . Total cost for a t a-year period_would-bs approximate OF /35000. DIgratigLatAnnli It is_proposed_to plan_the wort desoribedi.inAhis applicatioa for a throa�year period. It-is_inpossiblit-to--ta very_spacifin- as meth depends on the actual outcoma_of-the firat_fam experimental - invostigationsand as much -also depends on the degree of neoPeretion of the various industrial-Organisationa vhore it is-planned_to-carry Out tha wort.-- Fralimi ry W04664% has_10.en obtatne4-but-only a.tusl experi show t actual numbers�of= ubject fortbcoming_fo t sting. I think we should support this. doing Irpor ant and bolo work in integrat ng persona ity t learning theory, OM the classic laboratory Methods of experimental psychology. Although he Is something of a Controversial figu�rihii � writings have Stimulated a lot of work by others on both sides of the - - ,=- AtIontic. A grant to him, In fact, would odd to the estige. Would give him one year, but not three 1)�Couse Of limited cortrpt of motivotion implied. 4 one of -miy favorite controversial fitureson the internotirial psychological scene. Right or wrnnewldoc � modification of Old idea, he tells his story provocatively. Thii�sotfors he presents is on interesting- theoretical formukfl. - I doubt whether Dwttl work out. But the skill with which d his teltabor--- otors will attach the -Pioblem will make the e ort-NYOf hst_Jihite. The budget is rec-Afsik--O-nd some preliminary work has been done. - I vtge seriousinsideration and an affini-otive dectsiOn on this-proposal. have reed the comments of I agree with all of them, includi suggestion t t e research grant be limited to one year, t e results are satisfeeke-ry, consideration could be given to-renewal. � - Th&nkyon.ry such for your kind 1*tter of loviaberlth_atUthe_inoloseLinstructions for ribtission_of a proposa1.1__Ihis_valy *those as I vas�just_in usal for r iSsionAt_th* I:have p *slur* en os a copy o e propose. end 'shall, of court*, licAtIONA4L4ost*r_any_quertss_that_any arise fros tell.- l_should_perhaps ad& in this letter answers to oa* or twoofithe points_asntionsd_in your Instruction._ which are not answered in _ itself. No support has been requested from _ant for the projeCt, and the otly *r --en previously is a prelitinary_ ImPoris.At described in ecee detail in the application itself. is hat. done a. oonsiterable_asoutt_of work on thettasurelsent� of resiniscoaccin_r*lation_to_parsonality, but thiiiihat_becd_____ our first expkrtunt_in_vhich_roainiscence was used:cs____ neasur* of:drivcorAtotivation.

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MKULTRA SUBPROJECT 111 (4 DOCUMENTS WITH PUBDATES FROM 591112 TO 630204 )