(EST PUB DATE) TERRORISM REVIEW FOR JANUARY 1999

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• Publication Date: January 1, 1999

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 Terrorism Review
January 1999
Articles ,Libya Maintains Ties to International Terrorist Activity
Libya continues to maintain the infrastructure and state institutions
to support terrorism, despite its efforts to appear to be distancing
itself from international terrorism to gain reprieve from the UN
sanctions imposed in 1992. The External Security Organization,
which is Libya's primary intelligence body and is linked to dissident
abductions and assassinations, continued its active monitoring of
Libyan dissidents worldwide. Libya still maintains ties to Palestinian
rejectionists and other radical groups. In addition, Libya continues to
refuse to cooperate with investigations into past terrorist acts-some
dating back more than a decade. On the positive side, we have seen
no indication in the past several years that Lib a has been involved
~
directly in terrorism against the West
Page
1
Se ret
DI 99-OOI
Ja?u ry 1999
 Highlights
Secret ii
 Key Dates and Events
The rr ri and March 1999
Emerging Terrorist
Threat
Chronology of International Terrorism- 25
August 1998-January 1999 ~~
Summary of Indigenous Terrorism- 31
November-December 199811
Center. Comments and oueries are welcome and may he directed to
This review is published monthly by the DCI Counterterrorist
Information available as of 22 January 1999 was used in this
Review.
Reverse Blank iii Se et
 Libya Maintains Ties to
Intel al Terrorist Activity
Libya continues to maintain the infrastructure and
state institutions to support terrorism, despite its
efforts to appear to be distancing itself from inter-
national terrorism to gain reprieve from the UN
sanctions imposed in 1992. The External Security
Organization, which is Libya's primary intelli-
gencebody and is linked to dissident abductions
and assassinations, continued its active monitoring
of Libyan dissidents worldwide. Libya still main-
tains ties to Palestinian rejectionists and other rad-
ical groups. In addition, Libya continues to refuse
to cooperate with investigations into past terrorist
acts-some dating back more than a decade. On
the positive side, we have seen no indication in the
past several years that Libya has been directl
involved in terrorism against the Wes
Despite moves by the Libyan Government to reduce
its terrorism profile, significant elements of Libya's
terrorism infrastructure remain in place. Most notable
are the state institutions that have provided cover for
terrorist activity in the past. In June 1992, Libyan
leader Muammar al-Qadhafi publicly promised to
close the World Anti-Imperialism Center (Mathaba)
and the World Islamic Call Society (WICS~both
used as cover organizations for past terrorist activi-
ties-but their offices remain open and are increas-
ingly active.
? The Mathaba, an organization created to provide
covert support to various rebels and "liberation"
movements, continues to disseminate pro-Libyan
and anti-Western propaganda and forge ties to for-
eign opposition groups and sympathetic foreign ~ov-
? The WICS functions primarily as a conduit for
financial and other support to Islamic groups and
institutions abroad, and various reports suggest that
~a~~+~ ~~r~~ ~4V
,int~rarxaf'~l~firr~~rac~a:rs, most?dt,~c~fst
Islamic Call Society Web Sit
Libya is using the organization to increase Libyan
The External Security Organization (ESO) is Libya's
preeminent overseas intelligence organization and
continues to monitor activel Libyan dissidents,
hortly after the two
i yan suspects in a om mg of Pan Am Flight 103
Se et
DI T 99-001
January 1999
 were indicted in November 1991, Qadhafi promised to
reform the ESO, which has been responsible for the
surveillance, abduction, and assassination of Libyan
dissidents abroad. We believe that given the impor-
tance as well as the potential international repercus-
sions associated with anti-dissident operations,
Qadhafi probably is informed of-and continues to
demand-such activities.
groups, to include the Islamic Resistance Movement
(HAMAS), the Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ), and the
Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General
Command (PEEP-GC).
? Although some information indicates Libya is work-
ing to shut down the ANO's offices and trainin
facilities
ANO members in Libya received
pazamilitary training including assassination tech-
niques and methods for boobytrapping vehicles.
? Qadhafi publicly has endorsed HAMAS and PIJ
attacks in Israel, the West Bank, and Gaza Strip and
has promised to Urovide financial backing for these
? In November 1995 `Ali Mehmed Abu Zaid, a Lib-
yan dissident and vocal opponent of Qadhafi, was
murdered in London by unidentified assailants. No
compelling evidence was found to implicate Libya
in the attack. One month after the incident, however,
a senior Libyan diplomat with close ties to the ESO
and who had previously threatened dissidents was
expelled from the United Kingdom,
? The ESO was involved in the abduction in December
1993 in Cairo and subsequent execution of a former
Libyan foreign minister who defected in the 1970s
and was a vocal opponent of the regime
Libyan Support for Extremis
The Libyan Government continues to provide train-
ing, safehaven, and financial and logistical support to
Palestinian rejectionists.' Qadhafi remains vehemently
opposed to the Middle East peace process (MEPP)
and publicly has condemned the Wye accord, saying
that terrorism woul
occupied territories,
Qadhafi has continue to give nand support to
groups that oppose the MEPP~
~ Libya served as the main sponsor for the A
ANO from 1
Libya also supports extremist groups outside the
Middle East.
? The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), a Philippine Muslim
terrorist organization and sepazatist group, receives
funds, arms, and other assistance from Libya
 oug s group as no erect nks
s The Moro Islamic Liberation Organization is tion
distinct from the Moro Islamic Liberation Front1
to terrorist activity, its membership has expressed
admiration for Palestinian groups such as HAMAS
and the terrorist activities it engages in.
 Avoiding Accountability for Terrorist Acts
Tripoli does not cooperate fully with authorities inves-
tigating bombings that implicate Libya. Ten years
after the bombing of Pan Am Flight 103, for example,
Qadhafi continues to provide refuge to the two Libyan
suspects and has not affirmed he will allow them to be
tried in the Netherlands as the United States and the
United Kingdom have proposed.
? Libya has cooperated somewhat with the French
investigation into the bombing in 1989 of UTA
Flight 772, but Qadhafi has not turned over the six
Libyan suspects to French authorities. One suspect
is Abdallah al-Sanusi, ahigh-ranking Libyan intelli-
gence official and Qadhafi's brother-in-law. French
authorities have agreed to try the Libyans in absentia
apd recently informed the United States that the trial
will begin in March 1999.
? Qadhafi has not followed through on his promise to
support the German investigation of the 1986 bomb-
ing of LaBelle discotheque in Berlin, which killed
two US servicemen and wounded more than 200. He
continues to shelter several former Libyan officials
who allegedly participated in that attack.
 5 Secret
DI ~1e 99-001
January 1999
 SedFet 10
 Se et
11 Suet
DI T 99-001
January 1999
 Iiighlight~
Se et
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Janua 1999
 Se et 16
 i
Sec t
i
 Secret lg
 The Terrorism Diary for February and March 1999
l February 1984
3 February 1963
4 February 1948
4 February 1979
7 February 1991
8 February 1963
I3 February 1991
14 February 1979
I4 February I998
16 February 1992
19 February 1980
22 February 1969
23 February 1998
25 February I99I
26 February 1993
28 February 1991
suggest that we anticipate a commemorative terrorist event
Below is a compendium of February and March dates of known or conceivable
significance to terrorists around the world. Inclusion of a d~tP ~~oes not
Ltdia. Kashmir sepazatist leader Maqbool Butt executed.
Iraq. Anniversary of Bath Revolution.
Sri Lanka. Independence Day.
Ira~t. Revolution Day.
Turkey. Assassination of US Defense Department contractor Bobby Eugene
Mozelle by Dev Sol terrorists in Adana.
Iraq. Revolution Day.
Germany. Red Army Faction fired more than 200 small arms rounds at US
Embassy, Bonn; no casualties.
Iran. Attack on US Embassy in Tehran; the Embassy was briefly occupied and the
Ambassador briefly held.
Colombia. Death of Manuel Perez Martinez, National Liberation Army (ELN)
Leader.
Lebanon, Israel. Assassination of Hizballah Secretary-General Musawi in an
Israeli air attack.
Egypt, Israel Exchange of ambassadors.
Palestinians. Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine founded.
Usama Bit Ladin. Bin Ladin and allied groups publish fatwa proclaiming it is
incumbent on all Muslims to attack Americans and their allies.
Iraq. Beginning of the ground war in Desert Storm.
United States. World Trade Center bombing in New York City.
Turkey. US Air Force Lt. Col. Alvin Macke wounded during a Dev Sol
assassination attempt in Izmir.
21 Se l~_
DI TR ] 001
January 999
 2 March 1956
2 March 1977
3 March 1878
3 March I96I
4 March 1982
IO March 1979
12 March 1880
I3 March 1979
I4 March 1975
I6 March I92I
I7 March 1992
I7 March
20 March 1956
20 March 1995
21 March
22 March 1945
23 March 1956
23 March
25 March I82I
Morocco. Independence Day (termination of Treaty of Fez).
Libya. Establishment of Jamahiriyah (Masses' State).
Bulgaria. Independence Day.
Morocco. Accession of King Hassan to throne.
Colombicg United States. Effective date of extradition treaty aimed at nazcotics
traffickers.
Ghana. Independence Day.
Kurdish region. Algerian accord between Iran and Iraq abandoning support for the
Kurds.
Kurdish region. Death of Kurdish leader Mulla Mustafa Barzani.
Turkey. Birth of Ataturk.
Grenada. Coup d'etat by Maurice Bishop (National Day).
Japan. Chukaku-ha (Nucleus Faction) Secretary General Honda assassinated
by rival radical groups.
Armenians. Signing of Soviet-Turkish border treaty that ended Armenian hopes
of establishing an independent state.
Argentina, Israerr Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires was bombed. Hizballah's
terrorist wing, Islamic Jihad, claimed responsibility.
Ireland. St. Patrick's Day (National Day).
Tunisia. Independence Day.
Japan. Aum Shinrikyo sarin gas attack on Tokyo subways.
Turkey. Kurdish New Year.
Arab world. Founding of Arab League (original members: Egypt, Iraq, Jordan,
Lebanon, Libya, Saudi Arabia, and Syria).
Pakistan. Pakistan Day (founding of Islamic republic).
Sri Lanka. Poya Day holiday.
Greece. Greek Revolution Memorial Day (celebrating beginning of independence
from Turkey).
 2S March 1975
26 March 1970
26 March I97I
26 March 2978
28 March
29 March 1992
Saudi Arabia. Assassination of King Faisal and accession of King Khalid.
Libya. UK Evacuation Day (day British forces turned over bases and departed).
Bangladesh. Independence Day.
Egypt, Israel Peace agreement ratified.
Palestinians. National Day.
Basque region. Leadership of Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) apprehended
in Bidart, France.
Turkey. Death of terrorist Mahir Cayan, member of Zlirkish People's
Liberation Party.
Palestinians. Day of the Homeland.
 Chronology of International Terrorism-August 1998-January 1999
The following incidents have met the criteria for the Intelligence Community's
Incident Review Panel since publication of the previous issue of the Terrorism
Review These incidents are the basis for the State Department's Patterns of Global
Terrorism, published nnually as the US Government's o,~icial record of interna-
tional terroris~
Se et
DI T 9-001
Janus 1999
 8 November Angola: Fifty armed assailants attacked aCanadian-owned diamond mine, kill-
, iztg one Portuguese national, two Britons, three Angolans, aztd wounding I8 otlt-
ers. The assailants took four workers hostage, including one South African, one
Briton and two Filipinos. lame Nat' ion for the Total
Independence of Angola (UNITA) rebels for the attack
IS November Sierra Leone: Armed Forces Revolutionary Council (AFRC) rebels kidnapped
an Italian missionary from his residence,
Solomon Musa, leader of Sierra Leone's ouste junta an a action o e ,
demanded a satellite telephone, medical supplies, and radio contact with his spouse
in exchange for the release of the priest. Musa's wife was arrested in September
and is being detained in Freetown. Musa also threatened to kidnap a bishop if his
27 November Uganda: Thirty armed Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) militants attacked a World
Food Program (WFP) convoy, killing seven persons and wounding 28 others. An
eyewitness stated that the rebels also abducted six others, five of whom are
believed to be WFP officials
27 November Central African Republic: A small bomb ex loded outside the walls o the
Freztch Embassy, causing minor damage.
was injured in the blast. No one claimed responsibility for the bombin
26 December Angola: A transport plane carrying IO United Nations (UN) o,~cials and four
crew members was shot down over azt area of intense fighting between the
UNITA and governmezzt troops. On 8 January, a UN rescue team reached the crash
site and reported that no one survived the crash and that the bodies of a1114 persons
aboard the plane were accounted for
2 Jmtuary
crash. blame the attack on UNITA rebels
Angola: A United Nations (UN) chartered C-130 Hercules aircraft was shot
dowzz by a surface-to-air missile (SAM) shortly after takeoff. One US citizen, four
Angolans, two Phili ine nationals, and one Namibian aboard the n1anP died in the
India: Police officials reported that unidentified Muslim militants detonated a
grenade in Anantnag, Kashmir, killing three persons and injuring 35 others.
India: In Handwara, Kashmir, police reported t zzn militants threw a
grenade at a wedding party, injuring 11 person.
9 December India: Local press reported that unidentified Muslim militants threw a grenade
at a group of soldiers near a bus station in Bandipura, Kashmir, killing three
~
civilians and injuring 20 others
 A bomb exploded in a shop in the Poonch District of Kashmir, wounding the
shopkeeper.~suspect that Muslim militants are responsible
23 December India: Muslim militants forced their way into three homes in three se arate vil-
lages in Kulham District, Kashmir, killing nine persons
The victims were all close relatives of former mi tants who now support
Europe
Hizbul Mujahideen
the pro-Indian governme~tia. blame the attacks on the
Russia: Twenty armed assailants kidnapped three Britons and one New
Zealander in Grozny, Chechnya. According to press reports the victims were kid-
napped outside their residence, located 500 meters from Chechnva's anti-kidnap-
6 August Belgium: Arsonists firebombed a McDonald's restaurant after hours in Merk-
sem. No injuries or damage were reported. On 9 September the Animal Liberation
Front (ALF) claimed responsibility for the attack
9 August Belgium: The ALF claimed responsibility forjirebombin a McDonald's in
Antwerp after hours. No damage or injuries were reported
29 August Belgium: Arsonists firebombed a McDonald's restaurant in Puurs, destroying
the restaurant and causing u to $l.4 million in damage. The ALF claimed
~
responsibility for the attacic~
7 November Belgium: In Deinze, arsonists set the back do of a McDonald' ton
fire, causing minor damage suspect the ALF.~
17 November Greece: A bomb exploded outside a Citibank branch in Athens, causing major
damage. A telephone caller to a local nee wsnaner said the attack was to protest
23 November Belgium: Unidentified assailants fired at the German Ambassador's residence in
Brussels, causing minor damage to a neighboring building. The German press
speculated the attack may be linked to rumors that Germany 'ng
requesting the extradition of Kurdish leader Abdullah Ocal
December Italy: During the week of 7 December, the ALF sent panettone cakes laced with
rat poison to two branches of the Italian news agency ANSA. Ttvo Italian subsid-
iaries of Swiss Nestle were f t production, costing the company $30 mil-
lion. the oisoned cakes were sent to protest
Nes e s genetic manipu anon o ~ 00
 29 December Greece: A bomb exploded outside a Barclays Bank in Athens, causing minor
damage. An unidentified tele hone caller claimed responsibility on behalf of the
Revolutionary Nuclei. the attacks were conducted as a
protest against NATO an e uropean mo
29 December Greece: A bomb exploded outside the former location of an American Express
branch in Athens, causing minor damage. An unidentified caller claimed respon-
sibili on behalf of Revolutionary Nuclei
e attack was a protest against NATO and the European Unio
26 October Colombia: Guerrillas abducted a Danish engineer and two Colombians at a
roadblock in San Juan. suspect the Revolutionary Armed Forces
of Colombia (FARO) or Army of National Liberation (ELN) is responsible. On 12
January 1999 in Carmen de Bolivaz, guerrillas from the People's Liberation Army
(EPL freed the Danish hostage. There have been no reports on the two Colombi-
injuries were reported
Brazil: A bomb detonated in a McDonald"s restroom, causing minor damage. No
~
Spanish citizen and three Colombians. No ransom demands have been made
Colombia: A Spanish newspaper reported that FARO guerrillas kidnapped one
outside the compound for a future use
Brazil: A Molotov cocktail was found hidden in the grass outside the US
Embassy compound in Brasilia. Authorities believe the device was prepositioned
educational facilities. On 30 December the hostages were released
Yemen: Local press reported that armed tribals kidnapped four German tourists
in Sanaa and demanded $500,000 ransom and improvements to local health and
 remamed on the ground for IS hours before returning to Yemen
9 December Yemen: Yemeni passengers on a chartered Egyptian airliner demanded to be
flown to Libya. The Egyptian pilot landed in Tunisia and told the 150 passengers
he could not fly the plane to Libya due to UN sanctions. The passengers staged a
sit-in on the plane while it was on the ground in Tunisia. The plane an engers
Yemen: A bomb exploded at a US-run oil pipeline causing minor dam
gee
believe that Yemeni tribesmen are probably responsibly
Yemen: 7~ibesmen bombed the Marib nt'peline, which is operated by the US Hunt
Oil and Exxon Corporation
28 December Yemen: Armed assailants kidnapped a group of tourists who were traveling on
the main road from Habban to Aden. The victims included two US citizens,
twelve Britons, and two Australians. On 29 December, Yemeni security forces
undertook a rescue attempt, during which three Britons and one Australian were
killed and one US citizen was injured seriousl .British surviv aid their captors
tried to use them as human shields. the kidnappers
belong to the Islamic Jihad however, that there i
definitive account of group affiliations and that the investigation is ongoing
3I December Israel: Unidentified assailants threw two Molotov cocktails at the residence of a
US Consulate o,~cer, causing minor damage. speculate that the
recent US/UK military action against Ira , or the eadlock over the Wye agreement
could be possible motives for this attaclq~~
 Summary of Indigenous Terrorism November-December 1998
Angola
The incidents listed below provide an overview of indigenous terrorism worldwide.
10 persons
On 14 December in Cuito, local press reported that National Union for the Total
Independence o}'AnRola (UNITA) militants shot down a civilian aircraft, killing
UNTTA rebels attacked a camp for displaced perso 16 December,
killing 100 persons, according to local press repo
On 21 December in Luanda, local press reported that UNITA rebels placed a time
bomb outside a military sports center. Police moved the bomb to an d
allowed it to detonate at the set time. No one was injured in the bl
South Africa In Cape Town on 18 December, a i e bomb ex loded outside a s na ogue, caus-
ing minor damage but no injuries the bomb
was similaz to the device used in the attack at Planet Hollywood on 25 August,
1998. Following the explosion, an official from the Muslims Against Global
Oppression IMAGO) warned that retaliation against~an, British, and
Uganda
On 26 November in Ancholi Bur, Lord's Resistance A s fired at two
vehicles, killing a police officer, a soldier and a civili
ney. The bombs, which looked like floppy disk containers, were addressed to the
tax department, police, Equal Opportunity Commission, and Human Rights Staff.
found 21 additional letter bombs in Canberra, one in Melbourne, and two in Syd-
injuring two postal workers, according to~press reports.
A letter bomb exploded in the main mail sortin center in Canberra on 2 December
Cambodia Khmer Rouge (KR) rebels kidnapped three Cambodian health workers employed
by the CARE International Aid Agenc~~P-~o~tages were released on
15 December and no ransom was pai
In Dispur, Assam, local press reported that a caz bomb exploded on 18 December
near the government secretariat, killing eight persons and injuring 31 others. The
blast damaged the multi-story Guwahati Tea auction center and several other build-
ings in the azea. The bomb exploded as the caz refueled at a gas station; police have
31 Sect
DI TR -001
January 1999
 Nepal
not determineed if the bomb detonated accidentally while in transport and if the
perpetrators were suicide bombers. Several militant se azatist groups have intensi-
fied their violence in Assam in recent month
automated teller machine in the Atrium Senen Shopping Center in Jakarta on
one person was injured when an explosion occurred at an
A bomb exploded in Kathmandu at the home of a Nepali minister on 15 December,
causing minor damage but no injury. No one claimed responsibility,
suspect Maoist guerrillas, who have conducted similaz attacks in the past
Philippines A bomb exploded on a passenger bus in Zamboan a on 7 December, killing one
person and injuring at least 11 others. suspect the Abu Sayyaf
Group (ASG) bombe etaliation for the bus company's failure to pay
"revolutionary taxes
On 15 December a enade thrown into a crowded shopping mall injured at least
60 shoppers, No aroun claimed
responsibility, but the attack beazs the hallmark of the ASG
Sri Lanka The Deputy Defense Minister and the commanders of the Sri Lankan Air Force,
Navy, and Army, escaped an assassination attempt by the Liberation ~gers of
Tamil Eelam (LTTE) on 6 December in Oddusudan. According to local press
reports, four soldiers were killed and 42 others injured when the LTTE fired mortar
~
rounds at the officials' convoy
Europe
Spain
responsible
On 10 December in Pamplona, local press reported a bomb exploded outside the
residence of a civil guardsman, injuring five persons and causing major fire dam-
age. Basque r nd and Liberty (ETA) members or sympathizers aze probably
responsibl
Unknown assailants threw two Molotov cocktails at the Socialist Party of the
Basque Country headquarters in San Sebastian on 11 December, according to
the press, causin minor damage. ETA members or sympathizers may be
Tlurkey Reuters reported a Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) suicide bomber injured
14 persons outside a supermarket in Lice on 1 Decembe
 On 24 December in Van, a suicide bomber detonated herself in front of a military
bus, killing one person and injuring 22 others. The Kurdistan Peoples' Liberation
~
Army (ARGK) publicly claimed responsibilit
Brazil On 30 November in Rio de Janeiro, a bomb detonated outside a state water
headquarters, causing minor damage, according to local press repo
Colombia On 26 November in Cali, Iocal press accounts reported that a caz bomb exploded in
front of a savings and loan institution, injuring four persons and causing major
damage to the bank and surrounding buildings
On 27 November 1998 in northeastern Cauca Department, guerrillas attacked a vil-
lage, destroying homes, a church, and causing major damage. sus ect
the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia (FARC) are responsible
officers and wounding four others, according to local press reporting
On 28 November in Puerto Asis, FARC rebels ambushed a police pa six
_ ~lltn~
The guerrillas destroyed the police barracks and a bridge
On 30 November in Cocorna, guerrillas from the FARC and National Liberation
Army (ELN) killed three soldiers, two police officers, and injured seven civilians.
The Jaime Bateman Cayon Group attacked a police precinct, police school, and
neazby civilian homes in Tulua on 7 December, causing minor damage but no
injuries
a drug store, and a bank
On 19 November in Huazaz, Shining Path (SL) militants
attacked a police post, stealing firearms and communications equipment. The
attackers subsequently d strne~ community telephone center, two hospitals,
 Algeria
On 1 December in Sidi Rached, armed militants murdered 12 perso
suspect the Armed Islamic Group (GIA) was responsibl
On 3 December in Khemis Miliana, militants detonated a bomb in an open mazket,
killing 14 persons, wounding 24 others, and causing major damage. A statement
~ss~=ed-~y the Algerian security services stated the GIA was probably responsible.
members of the GIA, killed seven persons and wounded five othe
On S December in Merad, local press reported azmed militants, believed to be
On 14 December in Jijel, an armed Isl hot and killed a leading football
player, according to local press reports